Unit 1 语法讲解及练习 2025-2026学年译林版英语八年级上册

8A unit1 语法讲解及练习 形容词的比较级和最高级 淡淡花香: grammar check 形容词比较级和最高级 当我们将两个对象进行比较时，我们要用形容词的比较级，表示“较……”“更……”。如： My cousin is taller than I am. 我的表哥比我高。 当比较的对象是三个或三个以上时，我们会用形容词的最高级，表示“最……”，最高级前要加定冠词the。如： The Yangtze River is the longest river in China. 长江是中国最长的河流。 被比较的对象可以是人，也可以是事物。 形容词比较级和最高级的构成方法如下： 单音节词和部分双音节词 规则：大多数词后加er或est 原级：great、near、young 比较级：greater、nearer、younger 最高级：greatest、nearest、youngest 规则：以字母e结尾的词后加r或st 原级：large、late 比较级：larger、later 最高级：largest、latest 规则：以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节词，双写最后一个辅音字母，再加er或est 原级：hot、thin 比较级：hotter、thinner 最高级：hottest、thinnest 规则：以“辅音字母 + y”结尾的词，去掉y，再加ier或iest 原级：early、busy 比较级：earlier、busier 最高级：earliest、busiest 多音节词和部分双音节词 规则：在词的前面加more或most 原级：beautiful、careful 比较级：more beautiful、more careful 最高级：most beautiful、most careful 注意：构成形容词比较级和最高级的er和est，自成一个音节，读作[ə]和[ɪst]。如果原级词末为不发音的字母r，加er和est时，r要发[r]音，如clear /klɪə(r)/、clearer /klɪərə/、clearest /klɪərɪst/。如果原级词末的发音为[u]，加er和est时，[u]音后得加上[ə]音，如long /lɒŋ/、longer /lɒŋgə(r)/、longest /lɒŋgɪst/。 常见的形容词比较级和最高级的不规则变化如下： 原级：good、well（健康的） 比较级：better、better 最高级：best、best 原级：many、much 比较级：more、more 最高级：most、most 原级：bad 比较级：worse 最高级：worst 原级：little（少的） 比较级：less 最高级：least 注意:有些形容词有两种比较级和最高级的变化方式。如: clever—cleverer/more clever—cleverest/most clever far—farther/further—farthest/furthest ◆形容词比较级常见用法如下: 1.通常情况下,我们用"比较级+than"来引出比较的第二部分。如: This picture is more beautiful than that one. 这幅画比那幅画更漂亮。 2.我们常用"which/who...+比较级,...or...?"的句型来表示在两者中选择。如: Which picture is more beautiful, this one or that one? 这幅画和那幅画,哪个更漂亮? 3.我们可在比较级前加上 a little、much、even 等词来表示程度。如: China is much larger than Japan. 中国比日本大得多。 4.我们用"比较级+and+比较级"的结构来表示人或事物本身程度的改变。如: China is becoming stronger and stronger. 中国正变得越来越强大。 ◆形容词最高级常见用法如下: 1.我们用"the+最高级+比较范围"的结构来表示在某一范围内"最……"。介词 of 和 among 后面接表示范围的人或物,in 后面接表示范围的名词或名词性短语。如: I am the tallest of/among the three. 我是三个人中最高的。 Russia is the largest country in the world by area. 俄罗斯是世界上面积最大的国家。 2.我们用"形容词性物主代词+最高级"的结构来表示某人或事物的"最……"。如: Peter is his oldest son. 彼得是他的长子。 注意:此时形容词的最高级前不需要加定冠词 the。 3.我们可以用序数词修饰形容词的最高级。如: In the USA, the second largest city is Los Angeles. 美国的第二大城市是洛杉矶。 练习 1. Of all the stores, this is the ________ my home. I usually do some shopping in it. A. close B. closer C. closest to D. farthest 2. Dreams are full of power and they can lead you____harder and become ______ than before. A. to work; worse B. work; worse C. work; better D. to work; better 3.-There was thick haze in our city this spring. What do you think of it? -I think ___cars we drive,____pollution our city will have. A. the fewer; the fewer B. the more; the less C. the more; the fewer D. the fewer; the less 4. -Do you enjoy Zhou Shen's songs? 一Yes. I enjoy his voice best. I can't think of anyone with a____ voice. A. worse B. best C. worst D. better 5. Cycling isn't ___climbing, but both of them are interesting. A. as exciting as B. as more exciting as C. as excited as D. as more excited as 6. 一 ls your friend ______than you at school? 一Yes. So she can always get__ grades than me, too. A. more hard-working; good B. hard-working; good C. more hard-working; better D. hard-working; better 7. 一Knowledge is money. 一Yes, I also think it's___money. A. as important as B. so important as C. more important than D. the same as 8. - I can't work out the math problem. 一“Two heads are_____than one.” Let's work together! A. good B. better C.bad D. worse 9 . Betty studies ______ of all the students. And every teacher likes her. A. hard B. harder C. much harder D.hardest 10.-The food in this restaurant is ______ of the three. 一Yeah, I don't want to eat here again. A. the worst B. the best C. worse D. better 11.-How are the farmers? -They are becoming___ A. more and more richer B. richer and richer C. more rich and more rich D. rich and rich 12._____,English , math or Chinese? A. What do you like best B. Which do you like best C. What do you like better D. Which do you like better 13. With the teacher's encouragement, the boy works even___. A. hard B. hardly C. harder D. hardest 14. Jack is_____than before because he_____a new hobby - skating. A. healthy; takes up B. healthier; takes down C. healthy; takes off D. healthier; takes up 15. The shop assistant showed Alice several watches and she chose___expensive one. A. less B. least C. the less D. the least 16.-One of my _______ fell ill. Would you like to join us? -Yes, I'd love to. A. teammates B. teammate C.team D. teams 17. Tom works as ______ as his friend, Ben. But Ben is still better than him in study. A. hardly B. hard C.hard-working D. more hardly 18. Jenny can speak French____native speakers. A. as good as B. so good as C. as well as D. so well as 19.The boy is _____of the two . A. thinner B. the thinner C .more thin D. thinnest 20. 一 These two bags look quite good. Which one should I choose, Amy? 一 Well, it depends. I don't want to spend too much on a bag, so I'll take the ___ one. A. cheaper B. cheapest C .more expensive D. most expensive 21.-_____is the height of Daniel? -Sorry, I'm not sure. But I know he is ____taller than Jim. A. How tall; a little B. What; little C. How much; more D. What; a little 22. Jack is one of ____in the world. A. the best stars B. best star C. better stars D. the best star 23.一Who is _______, Tom or Mike? -Mike.Tom is_________than Mike. A. heavy; thinner B. thinner; thinner C. heavier; thinner D. thin; heavier 24. Lucy is good at cooking and she cuts the meat______than her brother. A. less finely B. more finely C. most finely D. much finely 25. The weather in Chengde in summer is_____than that in Shijiazhuang. A. cool B. cooler C. coolest D. more cool 26.一How was your trip? -It couldn't be____. We lost our way and it kept raining. A. worst B. worse C. the worst D. bad 27. My sister is as ______ as her classmate Joe, so they are good friends. A. outgoing B. more outgoing C. the more outgoing D. the most outgoing 28. -I think Cindy is___student in our class. -I don't think so. Linda is___than her. A. smarter;smarter B. the smartest; smarter B. the smartest; the smartest D.smarter; the smartest 29. Roy thinks he works as_____ as his friend, Dan. A. hardly B. harder C. hard D. more hardly 30. He is very rich, but that day he bought____bike to save money for the poor children. A. a more expensive B. the more cheaper C. the cheapest D. an expensive 31. She listens to the teacher ______of all the students. A. more careful B. the most careful C. more carefully D. the most carefully 32. The population of Japan is____than that of India. A. less B. fewer C. smaller D. lower 33.___we're almost running out of money. We must do more work with _money. A. Since/less B. Because/fewer C. As/the least D. Because/the fewest 34.-_____is the population of Kunming? -More than eight million. It's much ______than that in Qujing. A. How; more B. How much; larger C. What; larger D. How many; more 35. Which subject is _______,physics or chemistry? A. very interesting B. most interesting C. more interesting D. much interesting 36. Mo Yan is one of ______most famous writers in China now. A. a B. an C.the D./ 37 . He works_____than his brother. A. hard B. hardly C. harder D. more hardly 38. Wildlife will have_____living space. A. few and few B. fewer and fewer C. little and little D. less and less 39. The melon the Smiths served at dinner would have tasted ______if it had been put in the fridge for a little while. A.good B. better C. best D. well 40. -Is Dale going to run in the big race on Saturday? -Yes, of course. He runs_____than any other student. A. much fast B. very slow C. even faster D. a lot of faster 41.一Which of the two cameras do you like better, the black one or the red one? - I'll take ___ one. A. more expensive B. the more expensive C. most expensive D. the most expensive 42. Lucy is___ of the twins. A. taller B. the taller C. tallest D. the tallest 43. The scientist believes there will be______carsand _____ dirty air. A. less; fewer B. fewer; less C. few; fewer D. less; less 44. Of all the sports shoes, John bought_pair. Then he had some money for socks. A. a cheaper B. the most wonderful C. the least expensive D. the most beautiful 45. It's getting much ______. Please put on more clothes. A. hot B. hotter C. cold D. colder 46. English is_____of all the subjects for John. A. worse B. the worse C. worst D. the worst 47._____to school by boat is_____fun than taking a bus. A. Go, a lot of B. To go, many more C. Going, a lot more D. Goes, a lot 48. Our teacher says that ______we practice,_____our spoken English will be. A. more; better B. the more; the better C. more; the better D. the more; better 49. -Lucy is one of ___ students in our class. She is very popular among us.一What a nice girl! Her parents must be proud of her. A. the friendliest B. most successful C. more outgoing D. calmer 50. The number of the people that own cars____becoming_____, so parking cars is a big problem. A. is; larger and larger B. are; larger and larger C. are; more and more D. is; more and more 答案 1-5. C DDDA 6-10 .C CBDA 11-15.BBCDD 16-20.ABCBA 21-25.DACBB 26-30. B ABCC 31-35. D CACC 36-40. C CDBC 41-45. B BBCD 46-50. D CBAD 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$