Unit 5 The Value of Money Words and Expressions（课件）- 【上好课】2024-2025学年高一英语同步精品课堂（人教版2019必修第三册）

仓颉之初作书盖依类象形故谓之文其形声相益即谓之字文者物象之本字者言孳乳而浸多也著于竹帛谓之仓颉之初作书盖依类象形故谓之文其形声相益即谓之字文者物象之本字者言孳乳而 Words and Expressions 新人教必修三 Unit 5 The Value of Money basis [ˈbeɪsɪs] n. 基础; 基准,原则 on the basis of sth根据某事 on a daily/weekly/regular basis base...on/upon把……建立在…上 be based on 以…为基础;以……为根据 base vt.以…为根据　n.基地;基础 basic adj.基本的 basically adv.大体上;基本上 basis [ˈbeɪsɪs] n. 基础; 基准,原则 写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。 1. Honesty is the basis of friendship. __________ 2. We’re going to be meeting there on a regular basis. __________ 3. She was chosen for the job on the basis of her qualifications（资历）and ideas. __________ 4. On the basis of evidence we concluded that he was guilty. __________ 5. This article will form the basis for our discussion. __________ 友谊的基础 定期地 / 经常地 由于 / 因为 根据 作为……的基础 loan [ləʊn] n.  贷款；借款 on loan 借用；借贷 take out a loan 取得贷款 repay/pay back a loan 偿还贷款 apply for a loan申请贷款 pay off a loan 还清贷款 apologize [əˈpɒlədʒaɪz] vi.道歉；谢罪 accept/refuse one’s apology接受/拒绝某人的道歉 owe sb an apology应向某人道歉 apology n.道歉;辩白 apologize to sb.for (doing) sth. make an apology to sb.for (doing) sth. 因(做)某事向某人道歉 He______________________________________________(他因犯错向她道歉) but she refused his____________(apologise). apologised to her for making mistakes apology apologize [əˈpɒlədʒaɪz] vi.道歉；谢罪 一、根据所给汉语及提示，用适当的词块完成下列句子。 1. Please ___________________ （接受我的道歉）for having to cancel our meeting. 2. I hope you are going to _________________（道歉）. (apology) 3. I think you should ______________________（向你弟弟道歉）. (apologise) 二、根据所给词块，将下列句子译成英语。 1. 你应该为你所说的话向他道歉。(owe sb an apology) _________________________________________________________ 2. 我再次为我的错误向您致以诚挚的歉意。 (apologise to sb for doing sth) _________________________________________________________ accept my apology make an apology apologise to your brother You owe him an apology for what you said. I sincerely apologise again to you for my mistake. ignore [ɪɡˈnɔː(r)] vt. 忽视；对……不予理会 be ignorant of/about...不知道；不了解；无知 1)无视交通规则 ignore traffic rules 2)不顾个人安危 ignore personal safety ignorant adj.无知的;愚昧的 ignorance n. 无知;愚昧 They fought a long battle against prejudice and _______________. He felt himself very____________. Last week a tennis ball hit me on the head, but I tried___________ the pain, believing that it would go away sooner or later. ignorance ignorant to ignore judge [ˈʤʌʤ] n. 基础; 基准,原则 judging by/from根据…判断 as far as I can judge据我判断; make a judgement judge [ˈʤʌʤ] n. 基础; 基准,原则 v n 判断 judge （基本义） 根据所见、所闻、所学“判断”某事物 “判断”大小、数量等 不公正或批评地对某人作出“判断” “判断”比赛结果 “判断”案件 审判；判决 判断 估计 评价 裁判；评判 裁判员 鉴定人 法官 judge [ˈʤʌʤ] n. 基础; 基准,原则 1. Judging from the writing style of the passage, it is a piece of advertisement. _____________ 2. I judged him to be about 50. _____________ 3. We should avoid judging people by their appearances.（2010 重庆） _____________ 4. I’ve been asked to judge the essay competition. _____________ 5. She is a famous judge in court.（2016 上海） _____________ 判断 估计 评价 担任裁判 法官 judge [ˈʤʌʤ] n. 基础; 基准,原则 二、在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 1. The crowd around me were obviously enjoying their day out at the races, __________ (judge) by their happy faces. 2. I respect his _____________ (judge) and I’ll follow any advice he gives me. 3. He refused to make a judgement __________ the situation. judg(e)ment judging about / on scene [siːn] n. (戏剧或歌剧的)场; 现场; 场面;景色 behind the scenes 在后台，在幕后 be/come on the scene 出现，到场，在场 scenic adj. 风景优美的 scene [siːn] n. (戏剧或歌剧的)场; 现场; 场面;景色 场景 scene 基本义 舞台 / 影视里的一个场景 案发现场的场景 自然景色的场景 事件的场景 社会活动的场景 （戏剧等的）一场；（电影的）一个镜头；场景 事发地点；现场 景色；景象 情景；场面 活动领域；圈子 四个景色 scene, scenery, sight, view scene scenery sight view 局部景色 He feasted his eyes on the beautiful port scene. 不可数名词，整体自然风景，多个scene构成的景色。 The island offers such a wide variety of scenery and wildlife. 风景名胜， 复数形式，多指人文景观。 The Great Wall is one of the sights of the world. 从高处或远处看到的景色。 The view from the top of the mountain is spectacular. scene [siːn] n. (戏剧或歌剧的)场; 现场; 场面;景色 1. He’s famous on the music scene. ___________ 2. At the end of the story, my mind continued the final scene of reunion, on and on, until my own lost dog and I were, in my mind, running together.（2015 天津） ___________ 3. You can take a couple of breaths and think of something that gives you pleasure: a beautiful scene in nature, or someone you love.（2013 辽宁） ___________ 4. If you are involved in an accident, you are required to offer appropriate aid, call the Department of Public Safety and remain at the scene until the officer lets you go.（2012 天津 ） _____________ 5. About twenty of us had been fortunate enough to receive invitations to a film-studio to take part in a crowd-scene.（2012 全国） _____________ 音乐界 / 圈 情景 景色 事发现场 （电影的）一个场景 The movie opens with a scene in a New York apartment. 一场；一个镜头；场景 Doctors and nurses rushed to the scene of the accident to carry out the rescue. (2009 上海) 事发地点；现场 （常用单数） He photographed a wide range of street scenes. 自然景色 What a shocking scene the military parade is！ 情景，场面 He is the funniest comedian on the comedy scene. 活动领域；圈子 bet [bet] vt.&vi. 用…打赌 vt. 敢说,肯定 n. 打赌; 赌注 bet-bet; betting make a bet with sb. 与某人打个赌 bet on 就…打赌 make a bet 打赌 best bet 最好的办法；最好的措施 You bet! 当然，毫无疑问 spot [spɒt] v. 看见;注意到;发现 n. 地点;处所;斑点;污迹 spotted-spotted; spotting spot sb /sth doing sth 看到某人/物正在做…… on the spot 在现场（on the scene）;当场，当下 a white cat with black spots a quite spot a tourist spot 旅游景点 spotted adj. 有斑点的；有污渍的 被……点缀 spot [spɒt] v. 看见;注意到;发现 n. 地点;处所;斑点;污迹 spot 斑点 污点 粉刺 spot [spɒt] v. 看见;注意到;发现 n. 地点;处所;斑点;污迹 Find out the meaning of spot. 1) She was wearing a black skirt with white spots.  2) His jacket was covered with spots of mud.  3) He answered the question on the spot.  4) He showed me the exact spot where he had asked her to marry him.   5) I felt a few spots of rain.  6) His shirt was spotted with oil.  7) He spotted Tom stealing John’s wallet by chance. n.斑点 n.污点 在现场；当场；立即 n.地点 n.滴 be spotted with 满是…斑点；被...点缀 spot sb. doing sth. 看到某人正在做某事 spot [spɒt] v. 看见;注意到;发现 n. 地点;处所;斑点;污迹 根据句意选出句子中画线部分的汉语释义。 1. A bright spot for me turned out to be reading.（2020 浙江） _________ 2. In fact, grouses（松鸡）are hard to spot, because they usually fly off when they hear humans approaching.（2014 四川） _________ 3. Cowles loved the story and bought it on the spot.（2014 陕西） _________ 4. The woman called her again in order to recommend her a new scenic spot. （2009 江苏） _________ 5. As they entered the cool, shadowy woods, they began to search for a suitable camping spot.（2009 江西） _________ c e d a b a. 景点 b. 地点 c. 困境中使人高兴的事 d. 当场 e. 发现 dare [deə(r)] vi. & modal v.胆敢；敢于 1. It was a strange place. Martin and Tom wished that they had not accepted Jack’s dare.（2013 江西） _____________ 2. Your uncle seems to be a good driver; even so, I wouldn’t dare to travel in his car. _____________ 3. Students are being dared to draw a picture, write an article, take a photo or write a poem that shows what they are curious about.（2014 全国） _____________ 二、根据所给汉语，用适当的词块完成下列句子。 1. She was so high up now that she __________________________________ （不敢往下看）. 2. ___________________（你竟敢）speak to me like that? 激将；挑战 敢 didn’t dare (to) look down / dared not look down How dare you 激将 sort [sɔːt] n.种类，类别 v.将……分类，整理 a sort of… 一种…… sort/kind of 有几分，有点儿，稍微 all sorts of…… 各种各样的(名词前) sort of有几分;有那么一点 of all sorts各种各样的(名词后) sort out 整理，把……安排好，挑出，解决 what sort of...哪种…… sort [sɔːt] n.种类，类别 v.将……分类，整理 一、写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。 1. We both like the same sort of music. _____________ 2. Paper, plastic and cans are sorted for recycling. _____________ 3. I’ve sorted out the papers that can be thrown away. _____________ 4. We saw all sorts of animals in the park. _____________ 二、选出能替换画线部分的单词。 I’ll never do this sort of thing. (kind / class) _____________ 把……分类 / 整理 种类 / 类型 挑出；拣出 各种各样的 kind mining n. 采矿；采矿业 mine pron. 我的 n. 矿，矿井；地雷 v. 开矿；埋雷于 miner n. 矿工 mineral n. 矿物质 undermine v. 逐渐破坏 patience [ˈbeɪsɪs] n. 耐心;忍耐力;毅力 have/lose patience with… 对…有/失去耐心 have little/no patience with... 对……几乎没有/没有耐心 with patience＝patiently 耐心地 be out of patience with对……不能再忍受 patient n. 病人 adj. 有耐心的 be patient with… patiently adv. 有耐心地 impatiently adv.没有耐心地 impatience n.不耐烦，无耐心 impatient adj. 没有耐心的 indicate [ˈɪndɪkeɪt] vt.&vi.表明；显示；vt.象征；暗示 写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。 1. Research indicates that eating habits are changing fast. ______ 2. She took out a map and indicated the quickest route to us. ______ 3. Ralph patted the sofa to indicate that she should join him. ______ 4. Kingston-upon-Thames, as the name indicates, is situated on the banks of the Thames. ______ 表明 指出 示意 正如其名称所示 indication n. 迹象，标示 obligation n.义务;职责;责任 responsibility n. 责任; 负责; 职责; 义务 duty a sense of obligation/responsibility/duty 责任感 have an obligation to do... 有责任/义务做什么 odd [ɒd] adj.奇怪的;怪异的;反常的;单数的,奇数的 写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。 1. I left the house wearing two odd shoes and didn’t notice that my bottle of chocolate milk had poured all over the painting in my bag. （2009 北京） __________ 2. Whatever their bills came to, he always gave them back the few odd pence（便士）, and I am sure they thought he was very generous. __________ 3. The odd thing is that we more often show great anger towards someone we are fond of than towards strangers. __________ 零钱 不配对的 奇怪的 obligation [ˌɒblɪˈɡeɪʃn] n.义务;职责;责任 have an obligation to do... 有责任/义务做什么 obligated adj. 有义务的，有责任的 oblige v. 迫使，强迫，帮忙，效劳 intention [ˌɒblɪˈɡeɪʃn] n.打算;计划; 意图; 目的 have intention to do sth./ have intention of doing sth. 有做...的意图 intend doing/to do sth 打算/想要做某事 intend sb to do sth. 计划让某人做某事 be intended for/to do ... 旨在......；专为...而设计的 had intended to do /intended to have done 本打算做....(但实际未做) intend v. 想要；打算；意欲 intention 尤指近期的打算、意图，是正式用语。 She’s full of good intentions but they rarely work out. plan 通常但不总是指较长远的计划、安排。 There are no plans to build new offices. purpose 指做某事的原因，含有要成就某事的强烈感觉，较正式。 Our campaign’s main purpose is to raise money. aim 指要达到或尝试达到的目的；即可指某人的目的，也可指某事的目的。 She went to London with the aim of finding a job. 析 辨 intention, plan, purpose, aim intention [ˌɒblɪˈɡeɪʃn] n.打算;计划; 意图; 目的 一、在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式。 1. I intend _______________ (join) in a Dragon Boat Training Camp.（2015 北京） 2. The writer clearly intends his readers _____________ (identify) with the main character. 二、根据所给汉语，完成句子。 1. I __________________（不打算）trusting her with any secret of mine. 2. We come to school __________________（目的是）learning knowledge. have no intention of with the intention of joining / to join to identify nowhere [ˈnəʊweə(r)] adv. 无处；任何地方都不 get/go nowhere 毫无进展;没有结果 nowhere near 离……差得远;远不及 out of/from nowhere 突然冒出来;出乎意料地发生 nowhere to be seen/found=nowhere in sight 哪里也找不到(或看不见) in case 以防万一（接句子，表示条件或目的） (1)in case+从句或位于句末; in case of+名词或动词-ing形式作宾语。 (2)in that case 既然那样 in any case无论如何; in no case决不 as is often the case情况经常是这样的 in case 以防万一（接句子，表示条件或目的） 练出神 单句填空 ①I don’t think it will rain,but I will take my umbrella,just 　　　　case.  ②In case 　　　　　　fire,press the red button right now.  ③Traffic may be bad,but 　　　any case we’ll be there in time for dinner.  写精彩 完成句子·背诵 ④应该给孩子们足够的空间;假使这样的话,他们就会有更多的生活体验。 Enough space should be given to kids;　　　 　　　 　　　,they will get more life experiences.  in of in in this case pursue [pəˈsjuː] vt.追求；致力于 一、写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。 1. She pursued the man who had stolen a woman’s bag. __________ 2. Students should pursue their own interests, as well as do their school work. __________ 3. She didn’t seem to want to pursue the argument so I changed the subject. ___________ 4. He will pursue a trade policy that protects workers. ___________ 追赶 追求 继续这个争论 贯彻 duty [ˈdjuːti] n.责任;义务;职责;值班 （工作）任务；职责 （道德或法律上的）责任；义务 义务 duty （基本义） 工作中承担的“义务” 道德或法律上的“义务” 值班 上班 / 在岗的 “义务” （购物缴纳的）税；关税 购物需缴纳税费“义务” duty [ˈdjuːti] n.责任;义务;职责;值班 根据所给提示，用适当的词块完成下列句子。 1. ___________________________（每个人都有责任遵守）traffic rules to keep our society in order and going on the right track. （2015 江苏书面表达） 2. Doing volunteer work gives the girl _____________________（责任感）. 3. Several months later, I finally received a call asking me to _____________________（报到）. （2014 广东） 4. Mary _____________________（上班）at half past ten. It is everybody’s duty to observe a sense of duty report for duty goes on duty hesitate [ˈbeɪsɪs] v.犹豫; 迟疑; 顾虑 hesitate to do sth. 犹豫做某事 hesitate about/over/at. . . 对……感到犹豫 without hesitation 毫不犹豫地 have no hesitation in doing sth.毫不犹豫地做某事 hesitation n. 犹豫; 疑虑;不情愿 hesitant adj 犹豫不决的 manner [ˈmænə(r)] n.举止；方法；[pl.] 礼貌；礼仪  方式；方法 （基本义）  礼貌；礼仪  举止；态度 待人处事的“方式； 方法” 社会公认的社交 “方式” manner [ˈmænə(r)] n.举止；方法；[pl.] 礼貌；礼仪 写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。 1. In our childhood, we were often reminded by Grandma to pay attention to our table manners. _____________ 2. Though I’m not against her offer, I strongly dislike her manner of saying it. _____________ 3. Beth’s manner towards him has changed. _____________ 4. Good manners make meals more enjoyable for everyone at the table.   _____________ 餐桌礼仪 她的说话方式 对他的态度 有礼貌 option [ˈɒpʃn] n. 可选择的事物; 选择; 选择权 have no option but to do 只能；别无他法 1)各种各样的选择 a wide range of /a variety of /all sorts of options 2)选修课，选修课程 optional courses optional adj. 可自由选择的; 随意的; 选修的 broad [brɔːd] adj.宽阔的;广阔的;广泛的 a broad smile 满面笑容 a broad street/river 宽广的街道/河流 broaden one’s horizons 开阔某人的视野 broaden v. 使扩大，使变宽 broadband 宽带 broad [brɔːd] adj.宽阔的;广阔的;广泛的 broad [brɔːd] adj.宽阔的;广阔的;广泛的 两者都有“宽的”之意。 broad 带有主观意向，不可丈量。常用来形容身体部位，如肩、 胸、额头、背部等。 His shoulders were broad and his waist narrow. wide 侧重指从一边到另一边的距离，可以丈量。但也可修饰身体部位如口、眼。 Sam has a wide mouth. broad [brɔːd] adj.宽阔的;广阔的;广泛的 一、写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。 1. We walked down a broad street lined with trees. ________ 2. A broad range issues are discussed. ________ 3. I will give you a broad outline of the plan. ________ 二、根据所给汉语，用适当的词块完成下列句子。 1. He greeted them with a wave and _____________________（满面的笑容）. 2. The attack happened _____________________（在光天化日之下）, in one of the busiest parts of town. 3. Spending a year working in the city helped to _________________（开阔了他的眼界） 宽阔的 广泛的 概括性的 / 粗略的 a broad smile in broad daylight broaden his horizons normal [ˈnɔːml] adj.典型的;正常的; 一般的 n. 常态 It's normal for sb to do sth. 对某人来说做某事是正常的 return to normal 恢复正常 正常现象 a normal phenomenon abnormal adj. 反常的; 不正常的; 变态的; 畸形的 normally adv. 正常地，通常 normal university 师范大学 normal [ˈnɔːml] adj.典型的;正常的; 一般的 n. 常态 一、从方框中选出适当的单词填空。 1. “Smith” is a very _____________ name in Britain. 2. The temperature was below ___________ for the time of year. 3. The library is open for business as ___________ despite the snowstorm. 4. With her parents’ help, Moore is generally able to live a _______ teenage life. （2019 北京） 5. Readers of the magazine said they wanted more stories about _________ people and fewer stories about the rich and famous. ordinary / common usual common common, normal, usual, ordinary normal normal element [ˈelɪmənt] n.[C] 要素;元素 写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。 1. Confidence, as we all know, is a very important element in learning to speak English.（2013 湖南） ________ 2. Are we going to brave the elements and go for a walk? ________ 3. Gold, oxygen and carbon are all elements. ________ 要素 冒着风雨 元素 maintain [meɪnˈteɪn] v. 维持; 保持; 维修; 保养 maintain a balance 保持平衡 maintain a family/road 维持一家人的生活/养路 maintain high standards 保持高标准 maintain a good relationship maintain prices 维持价格的稳定 maintain a balance保持平衡 maintain [meɪnˈteɪn] v. 维持; 保持; 维修; 保养 维持maintain （基本义） “维持”抽象事物 “维持”具体事物 保持；维持 维护；保养 坚持认为 “维持”观点 maintain [meɪnˈteɪn] v. 维持; 保持; 维修; 保养 一、写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。 1. The building is maintained by a private nonprofit organization. _____________ 2. Some people maintain that watching violence on TV is one of the major causes of aggressive behaviour and crime in society.（2008 上海） _____________ 3. The fifty-two-week money challenge is simple and if it is maintained, it will result in 1378 dollars in your savings account each year.（2016 上海） _____________ 4. They barely earn enough to maintain themselves and their four children. _____________ 保持；维持 坚持认为 维护；保养 养活；供养 名词动词化 说出下列句子中画线词的汉语释义。 1. The tailor tailored a business suit specifically for the customer. __________ 2. The judge was asked to judge the children’s poetry competition. __________ 3. Suddenly the boy spotted the male bird had a red spot on its head. __________ 4. Rubbish can easily be separated and sorted into three sorts: plastics, glass and paper. __________ 5. The bank has loaned the software company a loan of $600,000. __________ 6. The man bet $2,000 on the final score of the game. At last he won the bet. __________ 英语中有很多名词可转化为动词，常表示具有该名词的活动特点或性质特征的动作。 专门制作 / 定做 评判 把……分类 借给 下赌注 发现 / 看到 normal [pəˈmɪʃn] n. 准许; 许可; 批准; 许可证 permit sb. to do sth.允许某人(做)某事 permit doing sth.允许做某事 without permission未经许可 with one’s permission在某人的许可下 ask for permission 征求许可; 请求允许 weather/time permitting 如果天气/时间允许 permit vt. &vi. 允许; 准许; 使有可能 normal [pəˈmɪʃn] n. 准许; 许可; 批准; 许可证 一、在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式。 1. No pets except fish ____________ (permit) in student rooms. （2015 天津） 2. The party will be held in the garden, weather __________ (permit). （2012 全国改） 3. Passengers are permitted _______ (carry) only one piece of hand luggage onto the plane.（2011 天津改） 4. I was the first Western TV reporter _______________ (permit) to film a special unit caring for pandas rescued from starvation in the wild. （2016 全国） are permitted permitting to carry (to be) permitted 1. basis n. 基础；根据；基点→____________ n.基础；n.以...为基础→__________adj. 基础的 在某事的基础上________________ 2. ignore v.忽视 → ____________adj. 愚昧的；无知的 →____________ n. 无知；愚昧 3. judge v. 评价；评判；判断 n. 法官；裁判员 → ____________ n. 判断，评判 4. narrator n. (书，戏剧或电影情节的)叙述者；讲述者 →_________v.叙述；讲故事→___________n.叙述；解说；讲述 5. servant n. 仆人；用人 →________ v. 服务，供应（饭菜） →___________ n. 服务 6. sail v. 航海；航行→________n. 水手→________n. 航海 7. spot v.看见；注意到；发现 ；n.地点；住所；斑点；污迹 →________adj. 有花点的; 有斑点的 8. mining n. 采矿；采矿业→________ n. 矿山;v. 开采→ ________ n. 矿工 base basic ignorant ignorance judgment serve service sailor sailing mine miner on the basis of spotted narrate narration 9. patience n. 耐心→ ________ adj. 有耐心的;n. 病人 →___________ n.不耐烦→ ___________adj. 不耐烦的 10. indicate v.表明；显示→ __________ n.指示；迹象 → _________adj.有暗示性的 11. obligation n.义务；职责；责任→ ________ v.(使)负有责任 12. intention n.打算；计划；意图；目的→ ________v.打算 13. musical adj. 音乐的;n.音乐剧→________ n.音乐→_________n.音乐家 14. option n.可选择的事物；选择→ ________adj.可选择的；选修的 15. broad adj.宽阔的；广阔的→___________ v. 变宽；增长 → ________adv.宽阔地 扩宽某人的视野_______________________ 16. normal adj. 正常的 →___________ adv. 通常；正常 →_____________adj.不正常的 15. willing adj. 愿意的；乐意的→___________ adj. 不乐意的 →___________ n. 意志；遗嘱→ ___________ n.心甘情愿 normally abnormal unwilling will willingness impatience impatient patient broaden music musician indication indicative obligate intend optional broadly broaden one’s horizen 仓颉之初作书盖依类象形故谓之文其形声相益即谓之字文者物象之本字者言孳乳而浸多也著于竹帛谓之仓颉之初作书盖依类象形故谓之文其形声相益即谓之字文者物象之本字者言孳乳而 Words and Expressions 新人教必修三 Unit 5 Thank You ! $$