精品解析：四川省双流中学2024-2025学年高三下学期4月考英语试题

四川省双流中学2022级高三下期4月阶段复习能力测试 英语 满分150分，考试时间120分钟 第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What does the woman mean? A. She didn’t go outside. B. She didn’t hear clearly. C. She didn’t see the glasses. 2. Who is the man speaking to? A. A dentist. B. His daughter. C. Mrs. Smith. 3. Why was the man out of work? A He was fired because of lateness. B. He quit the job owing to his health problem. C. His company closed down due to the COVID-19. 4. What will the woman do? A. Write a report. B. Go shopping. C. Go home. 5. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. A country. B. The population. C. A language. 第二节：（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. What does the man do? A. A car seller. B. A police officer. C. A student. 7. What do we know about the woman? A. She’ll have to pay a fine. B. She can’t offer the license. C. She just receives a warning. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8. Why does the woman want to lose weight? A. To look pretty. B. To stay healthy. C. To avoid being laughed at. 9. What does the woman ask the man to do? A. Buy her a cup of coffee. B. Give her some suggestions. C. Make a training plan for her. 10. What does the woman think of the man? A. He’s quite helpful. B. He’s a little worried. C. He’s so surprised. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11. What does the woman want the man to do at first? A. Make a decision quickly. B. Drive the car on the freeway. C. Talk about price. 12. What does the man say about the car? A. Its style really appeals to him. B. It is a second-hand car with high price. C. It doesn’t drive smoothly. 13. How much should the man pay if he buys the car? A.$16,600. B.$17,800. C.$18,600. 听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。 14. What is the conversation mainly about? A. Habits. B. Advice. C. Hobbies. 15. What is Agatha Christie probably? A. A famous writer. B. A movie star. C. A bookseller. 16 What does Bob suggest doing? A. Buying some books. B. Watching movies. C. Waiting at the office. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17. Where is Easter Island? A. In Europe. B. In America. C. In the southeastern Pacific Ocean. 18. What caused the decrease of the population? A. Disease. B. War. C. Earthquakes. 19. How many statues are on the island? A. 788. B. 1100. C. 887. 20. What has been proved about the statues? A. They remain a mystery today. B. They were from another planet. C. They were built by ancient people on the island. 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题：每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳答案。 A Interlibrary Loan (ILL) provides teachers, students and staff with access to books that are checked out or not owned by our own libraries, as well as digitized copies of articles and book chapters from our collection. Who Can Borrow? Current students, teachers (including retired) and staff can request items through ILL. Interlibrary loan is not available to former students, guest borrowers or fee-card holders. How Long Does It Take? Articles are usually received within 1-2 days and books in 5-10 days. However, obtaining items that are rare, recently published or in high demand may take longer. To speed up the process, please make sure the information you submit through the ILL Request Form is accurate. Length of Loans Loan periods are established by the lending library. All due dates are noted on the label. Borrowed items are subject to recall by the lending library. Any restrictions established by the lending library will be indicated on the label. No renewals (续借) are allowed for physical items borrowed through ILL. Notification/Delivery Options For a physical item you will be notified by email when it arrives. Items are picked up at one of our libraries—the one you selected in the ILL Request Form. For an article or book chapter, you will be notified by email when it is available. To obtain the article or chapter, click on the link provided in the email and log into your ILL account. Once in your account, select Electronic Articles Received. Interlibrary Loan Fees Library Type Loan Cost Article/Chapter Cost Non-Profit Libraries $15 $10 For-Profit Libraries $20 $12 International Libraries $25 $15 1. Who can use the ILL service? A. Former students. B. Guest borrowers. C. Retired teachers. D. Fee-card holders. 2. What is a rule for borrowing a print book through ILL? A. Pay an extra fee for delivery. B. Renew it before the due date. C. Pick it up at the lending library. D. Return it when it is recalled. 3. How much do you pay for two articles obtained from an international library? A. $15. B. $20. C. $24. D. $30. B Live with roommates? Have friends and family around you? Chances are that if you’re looking to live a more sustainable lifestyle, not everyone around you will be ready to jump on that bandwagon. I experienced this when I started switching to a zero waste lifestyle five years ago, as I was living with my parents, and I continue to experience this with my husband, as he is not completely zero waste like me. I’ve learned a few things along the way though, which I hope you’ll find encouraging if you’re doing your best to figure out how you can make the change in a not-always-supportive household. Zero waste was a radical lifestyle movement a few years back. I remember showing my parents a video of Bea Johnson sharing how cool I thought it would be to buy groceries with jars, and have so little trash! A few days later, I came back with my first jars of zero waste groceries, and my dad commented on how silly it was for me to carry jars everywhere. It came off as a bit discouraging. Yet as the months of reducing waste continued, I did what I could that was within my own reach. I had my own bedroom, so I worked on removing things I didn’t need. Since I had my own toiletries (洗漱用品), I was able to start personalising my routine to be more sustainable. I also offered to cook every so often, so I portioned out a bit of the cupboard for my own zero waste groceries. Perhaps your household won’t entirely make the switch, but you may have some control over your own personal spaces to make the changes you desire. As you make your lifestyle changes, you may find yourself wanting to speak up for yourself if others comment on what you’re doing, which can turn itself into a whole household debate. If you have individuals who are not on board, your words probably won’t do much and can often leave you feeling more discouraged. So here is my advice: Lead by action. 4. What do the underlined words “jump on that bandwagon” mean in the first paragraph? A. Share an apartment with you. B. Join you in what you’re doing. C. Transform your way of living. D. Help you to make the decision. 5. What was the attitude of the author’s father toward buying groceries with jars? A. He disapproved of it. B. He was favorable to it. C. He was tolerant of it. D. He didn’t care about it. 6. What can we infer about the author? A. She is quite good at cooking. B. She respects others’ privacy. C. She enjoys being a housewife. D. She is a determined person. 7. What is the text mainly about? A. How to get on well with other family members. B. How to have one’s own personal space at home. C. How to live a zero waste lifestyle in a household. D. How to control the budget when buying groceries. C When I was a child I was often told what not to eat. “You don’t want to get fat” was on constant repeat throughout my childhood. It really messed up my relationship with food — something that took me years to overcome. Because of this, I’m careful not to connect what my kids weigh with their worth as people. I encourage my daughter to make healthy snack choices and often dissuade (劝阻) her from a second dessert. But one day when I heard her saying “I think I’m too fat,” my heart sank. It made me wonder if giving her advice on snacks was having an unintentionally negative impact. According to Charlotte Markey, a professor of psychology, food is one of the rare subjects where, as parents, saying less is more. “There are so many things in parenting that are good to talk through, but I’m not convinced that food is one of them,” she says. “It just creates some worries and insecurities in kids that aren’t necessarily healthy.” Instead, she recommends applying a well-known concept among nutrition experts called the “Division of Responsibility,” where parents provide a variety of mostly healthy foods to their kids at fixed times, and the kids themselves decide what and how much they want to consume — even if that means occasionally eating more cookies than carrots. Allowing kids to eat what they want also exposes them to the natural consequences of their decisions. “When your child says, ‘My stomach hurts,’ you can say, ‘Well you had a lot of sugary foods and you might feel better if you made some other choices,’” says Markey. “Let them feel like they have some control over it.” I’ve been trying out these strategies and I’ve found that when I’m less restrictive, they do make better decisions. “Feeding is a long game,” says Markey. “The food you have available makes a huge difference. Even if they don’t eat it, they’ re seeing it. And then all of a sudden it clicks.” 8. What can be inferred about the author from the first paragraph? A. She is upset by her kids’ weight. B. She is critical of the way she was fed. C. She is interested in making food. D. She is particular about what she eats. 9. Which of the following would Markey disapprove of? A. Allowing kids to eat cookies occasionally. B. Offering various foods to kids at fixed times. C. Explaining to kids the risks of taking snacks. D. Talking with kids about school at mealtimes. 10. What should kids do according to the “Division of Responsibility”? A. Make diet decisions on their own. B. Share their food with other kids. C. Eat up what is provided for them. D. Help their parents do the dishes. 11. What does the author think of the strategies she has been following? A. Costly. B. Complex. C. Workable. D. Contradictory. D Have you ever forgotten items when trying to recall a shopping list? Or dialled the wrong phone number when attempting to memorise one? The brain mechanisms (机制) that cause us to draw a blank in such situations have now been identified. Our working memory keeps small pieces of information that are readily accessible for planning, understanding and solving problems. But it will have “swap errors”. For example, if we are shown a red square and a blue circle, and are then asked what colour the circle was, we might say red. To understand why we make such errors, Jeff Johnston at Columbia University and his colleagues recorded the brain activity of two monkeys because a monkey’s working memory is very similar to humans’. The monkeys were shown two differently coloured squares, one above the other, for half a second. After a short delay, a black spot appeared in the same location as one of the squares, and then disappeared. The animals were trained to tell the colour of the square they were supposed to be remembering based on the location of the spot, by staring at the matching colour on a rotatable (可旋转的) wheel. When doing this for about 3 hours over multiple sessions, the monkeys performed the task correctly between 60 and 82 percent of the time, but occasionally made swap errors. The research suggests that the brain responses linked to swap errors emerged before the animals decided which colour to report. They appeared to arise during “selection” when certain items stored in working memory are enhanced at the expense of others, rather than occurring as a result of them forgetting or a failure to correctly encode (编码) items in their working memory. “Everyone assumed there were simpler explanations like failure to encode or forgetting, but this very cool study shows that working memory errors come from a previously unknown source,” says Earl Miller at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. The team is planning further experiments to gain a better understanding of mechanisms behind swap errors. 12. What is the function of working memory? A. To identify the errors in understanding. B. To reduce the occurrence of mind blanking. C. To develop the way of distinguishing colours. D. To store information ready for mental use. 13. What were the monkeys tasked with in the research? A. Correcting their errors over multiple sessions. B. Playing a matching game on a rotatable wheel. C. Reporting the colour of the square to memorize. D. Figuring out the exact position of the black spot. 14. What does the research suggest about swap errors? A. They are unusual brain responses. B. They show a tendency for forgetfulness. C. They have an effect on working memory. D. They are the outcome of memory selection. 15. What is Earl Miller’s attitude towards the research findings? A. Unclear. B. Appreciative. C. Objective. D. Negative. 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Socrates, the renowned ancient Greek philosopher, famously stated, “The unexamined life is not worth living.”___16___ He believed true wisdom and personal growth couldn’t be achieved in an unexamined life. The Socratic Method, named after Socrates himself, is a form of cooperative dialogue where one asks a series of open-ended questions to guide another toward insight and understanding. For example, imagine a teacher discussing moralities with students. The teacher may not explain what is “right” or “wrong”. ___17___ And follow up with questions like, “Why do we consider some actions fair and others unfair?” Through this questioning, students are led to think more critically and examine their own values and assumptions rather than just accepting the predetermined answers. ___18___When you ask yourself, for instance, “Why do you believe this?” or “What evidence supports your thinking?”, you are encouraged to consider whether your beliefs are truly your own or influenced by external factors. This process of questioning leads to self-reflection, helping individuals better understand the underlying motivations behind their thoughts and actions. Self-reflection is like hitting the pause button on life. ___19___And it also looks closely at your own thoughts, feelings, and experiences. An unexamined life, however, is one where people go through the motions without ever questioning. Living an unexamined life is similar to coasting on automatic pilot, where one simply accepts social standards without critically evaluating them. In this kind of life, you’re swept along by society’s expectations. ___20___It seems as if you’re living someone else’s script without ever writing your own. A. It gives you a moment to step back. B. You are barely aware of your own desires. C. So they can follow a “right” or “fair” action. D. You are always stuck in your own ceaseless work. E. The Socratic Method is a powerful tool for self-examination. F. Instead, he or she might ask “What does it mean to act morally?” G. This powerful declaration serves as a call to dig deeper into one’s own thoughts. 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Manuela Ribeiro has a healthy addiction. It’s ____21____. A few months ago, the 30-year-old teacher decided it was time to put her ____22____ to good use. She signed up on the website Bookalokal, and now welcomes ____23____ into her Brussels flat twice a week for dinner parties. Ribeiro ____24____ €35 per person for what is usually a three-course meal that can last up to three hours. For Ribeiro, it has become a perfect platform for ____25____ her hobby of buying food, ____26____ new recipes and holding dinner parties. “It’s a great opportunity to share my passion for food and to ____27____ new people,” said Ribeiro. Sometimes she prepares traditional Brazilian dishes ____28____ her native home; other times she ____29____ dinner courses with her favorite beers. The platform has enabled Ribeiro to realise her dream with a great deal of freedom, as _____30_____ to a restaurant where the service is _____31_____, the menu is known in advance, and the meal is expected to be no _____32_____. “But it’s also a great _____33_____, for it can sometimes take days to _____34_____ a single event,” Ribeiro said. “This platform is not only _____35_____ for professional cooks, but also for those willing to discover new experiences.” 21. A. reading B. traveling C. cooking D. teaching 22. A. hobby B. energy C. education D. money 23. A. coworkers B. students C. relatives D. strangers 24. A. pays B. charges C. owes D. raises 25. A. pursuing B. choosing C. discussing D. changing 26. A. passing on B. trying out C. going over D. taking down 27. A. hire B. help C. meet D. train 28. A. in addition to B. in return for C. in honor of D. in line with 29. A. replaces B. tastes C. orders D. pairs 30. A. opposed B. related C. subject D. vital 31. A. invaluable B. impersonal C. unsuitable D. unprofessional 32. A. surprise B. end C. need D. problem 33. A. lesson B. pleasure C. success D. challenge 34. A. celebrate B. record C. attend D. organise 35. A. selected B. reserved C. evaluated D. requested 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 China has a rich heritage of distinctive brocades (织锦), each reflecting the artistry and traditions of different regions. ___36___ (example) include Yunjin brocade from Nanjing in East China’s Jiangsu Province, known for its luxurious silk threads and gold weaving and Su brocade from Suzhou in Jiangsu province, ___37___ (admire) for its fine embroidery (刺绣) and delicate patterns. These brocades, often associated with the royal family and high society, show China’s mastery of textile (纺织品) art, ___38___ has developed with technological advancements and cultural influences. Li brocade is ___39___ rare, ancient textile tradition that has remained ___40___ (large) unchanged for over 3, 000 years. Unlike the sophisticated silk looms (织布机) used for other brocades, Li brocade is made on a waist loom, ___41___ (preserve) one of the world’s oldest techniques. Patterns of exotic flowers, plants, birds, the sun, the moon and stars, as well as dancing and working figures on Li brocade, are a ___42___ (reflect) of their customs, religious beliefs and daily life. Li women ___43___ (teach) textile techniques from a young age by their mothers. ___44___ the lack of books or illustrated records, generations of Li women have designed traditional elements using their imaginations to create colorful patterns. In 2006, the textile techniques of the Li people were among the first _____45_____ (name) a national intangible cultural heritage. 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节 书面表达（满分15分） 46. 假定你是李华，你校图书馆新开设“小组学习室”，请你给你的留学生同学Michael写一封信，邀请他一同体验，内容包括： 1.位置与开放时间； 2.室内设施和功能。 注意：1. 词数80左右； 2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯 _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 When a new trend (趋势) swept through school, every kid wanted in. The latest must-have item? Superhero-style jerseys (球衣), decorated with bright colors and the logos of everyone’s favorite heroes. They were cool and expensive. Almost everyone pre-ordered one, except Dylan. Dylan lived with his grandmother, Mrs. Hargrove, in a small house. Money was tight, but they made do. When Dylan saw the jerseys at school, he couldn’t help but want one. Mrs. Hargrove looked at the price tag online and said gently, “I’m afraid we can’t afford one right now.” Dylan’s face fell, but he forced a smile, “That’s okay, Grandma. I understand.” But Mrs. Hargrove couldn’t bear to see him disappointed. That night, after Dylan had gone to bed, she sat down with her knitting needles (针) and a plan. She stayed up all night and made a homemade jersey with all the love she had. By morning, she was tired but satisfied, holding the finished product with a smile. At breakfast, she presented the jersey to Dylan. Dylan’s heart sank when he saw the jersey. It was a bright, hand-knitted sweater with a superhero picture that wasn’t exactly perfect. But he saw the look in his grandmother’s eyes and knew he couldn’t hurt her feelings. “Thanks, Grandma,” he said, forcing enthusiasm into his voice. “It’s great.” On Monday, Dylan put on the homemade jersey and went to school. As soon as he entered the classroom, some kids started to laugh at him. Dylan tried to ignore them, but the comments kept coming. By lunchtime, he couldn’t take it anymore and ran home, tears streaming down his face. Mrs. Hargrove held him close, her heart broken for him. Meanwhile, Mr. Pickford, Dylan’s beloved teacher, heard about what had happened. He was known for his kindness and his special ability of turning bad situations around. 注意：1．续写词数应为150个左右; 2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Mr. Pickford decided to take action. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ After the class, the students’ attitudes changed completely. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 四川省双流中学2022级高三下期4月阶段复习能力测试 英语 满分150分，考试时间120分钟 第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What does the woman mean? A. She didn’t go outside. B. She didn’t hear clearly. C. She didn’t see the glasses. 2. Who is the man speaking to? A. A dentist. B. His daughter. C. Mrs. Smith. 3. Why was the man out of work? A. He was fired because of lateness. B. He quit the job owing to his health problem. C. His company closed down due to the COVID-19. 4. What will the woman do? A. Write a report. B. Go shopping. C. Go home. 5. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A A country. B. The population. C. A language. 第二节：（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. What does the man do? A. A car seller. B. A police officer. C. A student. 7. What do we know about the woman? A. She’ll have to pay a fine. B. She can’t offer the license. C. She just receives a warning. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8. Why does the woman want to lose weight? A. To look pretty. B. To stay healthy. C. To avoid being laughed at. 9. What does the woman ask the man to do? A. Buy her a cup of coffee. B. Give her some suggestions. C. Make a training plan for her. 10. What does the woman think of the man? A. He’s quite helpful. B. He’s a little worried. C. He’s so surprised. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11. What does the woman want the man to do at first? A. Make a decision quickly. B. Drive the car on the freeway. C. Talk about price. 12. What does the man say about the car? A. Its style really appeals to him. B. It is a second-hand car with high price. C. It doesn’t drive smoothly. 13. How much should the man pay if he buys the car? A.$16,600. B.$17,800. C.$18,600. 听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。 14. What is the conversation mainly about? A. Habits. B. Advice. C. Hobbies. 15. What is Agatha Christie probably? A. A famous writer. B. A movie star. C. A bookseller. 16. What does Bob suggest doing? A. Buying some books. B. Watching movies. C. Waiting at the office. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17. Where is Easter Island? A. In Europe. B. In America. C. In the southeastern Pacific Ocean. 18. What caused the decrease of the population? A. Disease. B. War. C. Earthquakes. 19. How many statues are on the island? A. 788. B. 1100. C. 887. 20. What has been proved about the statues? A. They remain a mystery today. B. They were from another planet. C. They were built by ancient people on the island. 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题：每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳答案。 A Interlibrary Loan (ILL) provides teachers, students and staff with access to books that are checked out or not owned by our own libraries, as well as digitized copies of articles and book chapters from our collection. Who Can Borrow? Current students, teachers (including retired) and staff can request items through ILL. Interlibrary loan is not available to former students, guest borrowers or fee-card holders. How Long Does It Take? Articles are usually received within 1-2 days and books in 5-10 days. However, obtaining items that are rare, recently published or in high demand may take longer. To speed up the process, please make sure the information you submit through the ILL Request Form is accurate. Length of Loans Loan periods are established by the lending library. All due dates are noted on the label. Borrowed items are subject to recall by the lending library. Any restrictions established by the lending library will be indicated on the label. No renewals (续借) are allowed for physical items borrowed through ILL. Notification/Delivery Options For a physical item, you will be notified by email when it arrives. Items are picked up at one of our libraries—the one you selected in the ILL Request Form. For an article or book chapter, you will be notified by email when it is available. To obtain the article or chapter, click on the link provided in the email and log into your ILL account. Once in your account, select Electronic Articles Received. Interlibrary Loan Fees Library Type Loan Cost Article/Chapter Cost Non-Profit Libraries $15 $10 For-Profit Libraries $20 $12 International Libraries $25 $15 1. Who can use the ILL service? A. Former students. B. Guest borrowers. C. Retired teachers. D. Fee-card holders. 2. What is a rule for borrowing a print book through ILL? A. Pay an extra fee for delivery. B. Renew it before the due date. C. Pick it up at the lending library. D. Return it when it is recalled. 3. How much do you pay for two articles obtained from an international library? A. $15. B. $20. C. $24. D. $30. 【答案】1. C 2. D 3. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了图书馆间借阅服务的相关信息。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“Current students, teachers (including retired) and staff can request items through ILL.(在校学生、教师（包括退休教师）和工作人员可以通过ILL请求借阅资料。)”可知，退休老师可以使用图书馆间借阅服务。故选C。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段“Borrowed items are subject to recall by the lending library.(借阅的物品可能会被借出的图书馆召回。)”可知，通过ILL借阅纸质书的规则是被借出的图书馆召回。故选D。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据表格中“International Libraries Article/Chapter Cost $15(国际图书馆 文章/章节费用 15美元)”可知，从国际图书馆获取两篇文章的费用是15×2=30美元。故选D。 B Live with roommates? Have friends and family around you? Chances are that if you’re looking to live a more sustainable lifestyle, not everyone around you will be ready to jump on that bandwagon. I experienced this when I started switching to a zero waste lifestyle five years ago, as I was living with my parents, and I continue to experience this with my husband, as he is not completely zero waste like me. I’ve learned a few things along the way though, which I hope you’ll find encouraging if you’re doing your best to figure out how you can make the change in a not-always-supportive household. Zero waste was a radical lifestyle movement a few years back. I remember showing my parents a video of Bea Johnson, sharing how cool I thought it would be to buy groceries with jars, and have so little trash! A few days later, I came back with my first jars of zero waste groceries, and my dad commented on how silly it was for me to carry jars everywhere. It came off as a bit discouraging. Yet as the months of reducing waste continued, I did what I could that was within my own reach. I had my own bedroom, so I worked on removing things I didn’t need. Since I had my own toiletries (洗漱用品), I was able to start personalising my routine to be more sustainable. I also offered to cook every so often, so I portioned out a bit of the cupboard for my own zero waste groceries. Perhaps your household won’t entirely make the switch, but you may have some control over your own personal spaces to make the changes you desire. As you make your lifestyle changes, you may find yourself wanting to speak up for yourself if others comment on what you’re doing, which can turn itself into a whole household debate. If you have individuals who are not on board, your words probably won’t do much and can often leave you feeling more discouraged. So here is my advice: Lead by action. 4. What do the underlined words “jump on that bandwagon” mean in the first paragraph? A. Share an apartment with you. B. Join you in what you’re doing. C. Transform your way of living. D. Help you to make the decision. 5 What was the attitude of the author’s father toward buying groceries with jars? A. He disapproved of it. B. He was favorable to it. C. He was tolerant of it. D. He didn’t care about it. 6. What can we infer about the author? A. She is quite good at cooking. B. She respects others’ privacy. C. She enjoys being a housewife. D. She is a determined person. 7. What is the text mainly about? A. How to get on well with other family members. B. How to have one’s own personal space at home. C. How to live a zero waste lifestyle in a household. D. How to control the budget when buying groceries. 【答案】4. B 5. A 6. D 7. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者如何在家庭中过零浪费的生活方式。 【4题详解】 词句猜测题。根据划线部分前文“Chances are that if you’re looking to live a more sustainable lifestyle, not everyone around you will be ready to(如果你想过一种更可持续的生活方式，可能不是你周围的每个人都准备好)”及第二段中的“I’ve learned a few things along the way though, which I hope you’ll find encouraging if you’re doing your best to figure out how you can make the change in a not-always-supportive household.(在这个过程中，我学到了一些东西，我希望如果你在一个不总是支持你的家庭中尽最大努力去弄清楚如何做出改变，你会感到鼓舞)”可知，如果你想过一种更可持续的生活方式，可能不是你周围的每个人都准备好加入这一运动。由此推知，划线词组jump on that bandwagon与Join you in what you’re doing.(加入你正在做的事情)意思接近。故选B。 【5题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段中的“A few days later, I came back with my first jars of zero waste groceries, and my dad commented on how silly it was for me to carry jars everywhere. It came off as a bit discouraging.(几天后，我带着第一罐零废物杂货回来了，我父亲评论说，我到处带着罐子是多么愚蠢。结果有点令人沮丧)”可推知，作者的父亲不赞成用罐子买食品杂货。故选A。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Yet as the months of reducing waste continued, I did what I could that was within my own reach. (然而，随着减少浪费的几个月的持续，我尽了自己力所能及的努力)”及“Perhaps your household won’t entirely make the switch, but you may have some control over your own personal spaces to make the changes you desire.(也许你的家庭不会完全改变，但你可以控制自己的个人空间，做出你想要的改变)”可推知，作者是一个意志坚定的人。故选D。 【7题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段中的“Chances are that if you’re looking to live a more sustainable lifestyle, not everyone around you will be ready to jump on that bandwagon.(如果你想过一种更可持续的生活方式，可能不是你周围的每个人都准备好加入这一运动)”及第二段中的“I’ve learned a few things along the way though, which I hope you’ll find encouraging if you’re doing your best to figure out how you can make the change in a not-always-supportive household.(在这个过程中，我学到了一些东西，我希望如果你在一个不总是支持你的家庭中尽最大努力去弄清楚如何做出改变，你会感到鼓舞)”可知，文章主要讲述了作者如何在家庭中过零浪费的生活方式。故选C。 【点睛】 C When I was a child I was often told what not to eat. “You don’t want to get fat” was on constant repeat throughout my childhood. It really messed up my relationship with food — something that took me years to overcome. Because of this, I’m careful not to connect what my kids weigh with their worth as people. I encourage my daughter to make healthy snack choices and often dissuade (劝阻) her from a second dessert. But one day when I heard her saying “I think I’m too fat,” my heart sank. It made me wonder if giving her advice on snacks was having an unintentionally negative impact. According to Charlotte Markey, a professor of psychology, food is one of the rare subjects where, as parents, saying less is more. “There are so many things in parenting that are good to talk through, but I’m not convinced that food is one of them,” she says. “It just creates some worries and insecurities in kids that aren’t necessarily healthy.” Instead, she recommends applying a well-known concept among nutrition experts called the “Division of Responsibility,” where parents provide a variety of mostly healthy foods to their kids at fixed times, and the kids themselves decide what and how much they want to consume — even if that means occasionally eating more cookies than carrots. Allowing kids to eat what they want also exposes them to the natural consequences of their decisions. “When your child says, ‘My stomach hurts,’ you can say, ‘Well you had a lot of sugary foods and you might feel better if you made some other choices,’” says Markey. “Let them feel like they have some control over it.” I’ve been trying out these strategies and I’ve found that when I’m less restrictive, they do make better decisions. “Feeding is a long game,” says Markey. “The food you have available makes a huge difference. Even if they don’t eat it, they’ re seeing it. And then all of a sudden it clicks.” 8. What can be inferred about the author from the first paragraph? A. She is upset by her kids’ weight. B. She is critical of the way she was fed. C. She is interested in making food. D. She is particular about what she eats. 9. Which of the following would Markey disapprove of? A. Allowing kids to eat cookies occasionally. B. Offering various foods to kids at fixed times. C. Explaining to kids the risks of taking snacks. D. Talking with kids about school at mealtimes. 10. What should kids do according to the “Division of Responsibility”? A. Make diet decisions on their own. B. Share their food with other kids. C. Eat up what is provided for them. D. Help their parents do the dishes. 11. What does the author think of the strategies she has been following? A. Costly. B. Complex. C. Workable. D. Contradictory. 【答案】8. B 9. C 10. A 11. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者自己因童年时被灌输饮食观念而影响了与食物的关系，心理学家建议家长在饮食上少干预，作者尝试策略后发现孩子能做更好的饮食决策。 【8题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段中“When I was a child I was often told what not to eat. ‘You don’t want to get fat’ was on constant repeat throughout my childhood. It really messed up my relationship with food — something that took me years to overcome. (当我还是个孩子的时候，我经常被告知什么不能吃。“你不想变胖”这句话在我整个童年时期不断重复。这真的搞砸了我与食物的关系 —— 这是我花了多年时间才克服的问题)”可知，作者童年时被灌输的饮食观念对其产生了负面影响，由此可推断出，作者对自己童年时被喂养的方式持批判态度。故选B项。 【9题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“According to Charlotte Markey, a professor of psychology, food is one of the rare subjects where, as parents, saying less is more. ‘There are so many things in parenting that are good to talk through, but I’m not convinced that food is one of them,’ she says. ‘It just creates some worries and insecurities in kids that aren’t necessarily healthy.’ (根据心理学教授夏洛特·马基的说法，食物是为数不多的家长说得少反而更好的话题之一。“在育儿方面，有很多事情值得深入讨论，但我不认为食物是其中之一，”她说。“这只会给孩子们带来一些不必要的担忧和不安全感，这并不健康。”)”可知，马基不赞成家长和孩子过多谈论食物相关的话题，而向孩子解释吃零食的风险属于谈论食物的话题，所以马基不会赞成。故选C项。 【10题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“Instead, she recommends applying a well known concept among nutrition experts called the ‘Division of Responsibility,’ where parents provide a variety of mostly healthy foods to their kids at fixed times, and the kids themselves decide what and how much they want to consume — even if that means occasionally eating more cookies than carrots. (相反，她建议应用营养专家中一个著名的概念，即‘责任划分’，在这个概念中，家长在固定的时间为孩子提供各种主要是健康的食物，而孩子自己决定想吃什么和吃多少 —— 即使这意味着偶尔吃的饼干比胡萝卜多)”可知，根据“责任划分”，孩子应该自己做饮食决策。故选A项。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“I’ve been trying out these strategies and I’ve found that when I’m less restrictive, they do make better decisions. (我一直在尝试这些策略，我发现当我不那么严格限制时，他们确实会做出更好的决策)”可知，孩子们确实会做出更好的决策，所以作者会认为自己所遵循的策略是可行的。故选C项。 D Have you ever forgotten items when trying to recall a shopping list? Or dialled the wrong phone number when attempting to memorise one? The brain mechanisms (机制) that cause us to draw a blank in such situations have now been identified. Our working memory keeps small pieces of information that are readily accessible for planning, understanding and solving problems. But it will have “swap errors”. For example, if we are shown a red square and a blue circle, and are then asked what colour the circle was, we might say red. To understand why we make such errors, Jeff Johnston at Columbia University and his colleagues recorded the brain activity of two monkeys because a monkey’s working memory is very similar to humans’. The monkeys were shown two differently coloured squares, one above the other, for half a second. After a short delay, a black spot appeared in the same location as one of the squares, and then disappeared. The animals were trained to tell the colour of the square they were supposed to be remembering based on the location of the spot, by staring at the matching colour on a rotatable (可旋转的) wheel. When doing this for about 3 hours over multiple sessions, the monkeys performed the task correctly between 60 and 82 percent of the time, but occasionally made swap errors. The research suggests that the brain responses linked to swap errors emerged before the animals decided which colour to report. They appeared to arise during “selection” when certain items stored in working memory are enhanced at the expense of others, rather than occurring as a result of them forgetting or a failure to correctly encode (编码) items in their working memory. “Everyone assumed there were simpler explanations like failure to encode or forgetting, but this very cool study shows that working memory errors come from a previously unknown source,” says Earl Miller at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. The team is planning further experiments to gain a better understanding of mechanisms behind swap errors. 12. What is the function of working memory? A. To identify the errors in understanding. B. To reduce the occurrence of mind blanking. C. To develop the way of distinguishing colours. D. To store information ready for mental use. 13. What were the monkeys tasked with in the research? A. Correcting their errors over multiple sessions. B. Playing a matching game on a rotatable wheel. C. Reporting the colour of the square to memorize. D. Figuring out the exact position of the black spot. 14. What does the research suggest about swap errors? A. They are unusual brain responses. B. They show a tendency for forgetfulness. C. They have an effect on working memory. D. They are the outcome of memory selection. 15. What is Earl Miller’s attitude towards the research findings? A. Unclear. B. Appreciative. C. Objective. D. Negative. 【答案】12. D 13. C 14. D 15. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要解释了什么是工作记忆以及针对工作记忆为什么会出现错误的相关研究过程以及发现。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“Our working memory keeps small pieces of information that are readily accessible for planning, understanding and solving problems. (我们的工作记忆保存着小块的信息，这些信息很容易用于计划、理解和解决问题)”可知，工作记忆的功能是把信息储存起来以用于计划、理解和解决问题等大脑思维使用方面。故选D。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段“The monkeys were shown two differently coloured squares, one above the other, for half a second. After a short delay, a black spot appeared in the same location as one of the squares, and then disappeared. The animals were trained to tell the colour of the square they were supposed to be remembering based on the location of the spot, by staring at the matching colour on a rotatable (可旋转的) wheel. (给猴子看两个不同颜色的方块，一个在另一个上面，持续半秒钟。在短暂的延迟后，一个黑点出现在与其中一个方块相同的位置，然后消失。动物们经过训练，通过盯着一个可旋转的轮子上的对应颜色，说出它们应该记住的方块的颜色。)”可知，在这项研究中，猴子的任务是在经过训练，通过盯着一个可旋转的轮子上的对应颜色，报告要记忆的正方形颜色。故选C。 【14题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“The research suggests that the brain responses linked to swap errors emerged before the animals decided which colour to report. They appeared to arise during “selection” when certain items stored in working memory are enhanced at the expense of others, rather than occurring as a result of them forgetting or a failure to correctly encode (编码) items in their working memory. (研究表明，与交换错误相关的大脑反应在动物决定报告哪种颜色之前就出现了。它们似乎是在‘选择’过程中产生的，当储存在工作记忆中的某些项目以牺牲其他项目为代价得到加强时，而不是由于他们忘记或未能正确编码工作记忆中的项目而产生的。)”可知，研究表明，与交换错误相关的大脑反应是在‘选择’过程中产生的；由此可知，研究表明，交换错误是记忆选择的结果。故选D。 【15题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段““Everyone assumed there were simpler explanations like failure to encode or forgetting, but this very cool study shows that working memory errors come from a previously unknown source,” says Earl Miller at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology.   The team is planning further experiments to gain a better understanding of mechanisms behind swap errors. (麻省理工学院的厄尔·米勒（Earl Miller）说：‘每个人都认为有更简单的解释，比如编码失败或遗忘，但这项非常酷的研究表明，工作记忆错误来自一个以前未知的来源。’该团队正在计划进一步的实验，以更好地了解交换错误背后的机制。)”可知，厄尔·米勒认为这项研究非常酷，它表明工作记忆错误来自一个以前未知的来源；因此，厄尔·米勒对研究发现的态度是积极欣赏的。故选B。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Socrates, the renowned ancient Greek philosopher, famously stated, “The unexamined life is not worth living.”___16___ He believed true wisdom and personal growth couldn’t be achieved in an unexamined life. The Socratic Method, named after Socrates himself, is a form of cooperative dialogue where one asks a series of open-ended questions to guide another toward insight and understanding. For example, imagine a teacher discussing moralities with students. The teacher may not explain what is “right” or “wrong”. ___17___ And follow up with questions like, “Why do we consider some actions fair and others unfair?” Through this questioning, students are led to think more critically and examine their own values and assumptions rather than just accepting the predetermined answers. ___18___When you ask yourself, for instance, “Why do you believe this?” or “What evidence supports your thinking?”, you are encouraged to consider whether your beliefs are truly your own or influenced by external factors. This process of questioning leads to self-reflection, helping individuals better understand the underlying motivations behind their thoughts and actions. Self-reflection is like hitting the pause button on life. ___19___And it also looks closely at your own thoughts, feelings, and experiences. An unexamined life, however, is one where people go through the motions without ever questioning. Living an unexamined life is similar to coasting on automatic pilot, where one simply accepts social standards without critically evaluating them. In this kind of life, you’re swept along by society’s expectations. ___20___It seems as if you’re living someone else’s script without ever writing your own. A. It gives you a moment to step back. B. You are barely aware of your own desires. C. So they can follow a “right” or “fair” action. D. You are always stuck in your own ceaseless work. E. The Socratic Method is a powerful tool for self-examination. F. Instead, he or she might ask “What does it mean to act morally?” G. This powerful declaration serves as a call to dig deeper into one’s own thoughts. 【答案】16. G 17. F 18. E 19. A 20. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章以苏格拉底的名言“未经审视的生活是不值得过的”为切入点，介绍了苏格拉底方法，并阐述了自我反思的重要性以及未经审视的生活的弊端。 【16题详解】 上文“Socrates, the renowned ancient Greek philosopher, famously stated, ‘The unexamined life is not worth living.’(著名的古希腊哲学家苏格拉底有句名言：‘未经审视的生活是不值得过的’)”引出了苏格拉底的这句名言。G选项“This powerful declaration serves as a call to dig deeper into one’s own thoughts.(这句有力的宣言呼吁人们更深入地挖掘自己的思想)”对这句名言进行了进一步解读，说明其作用是引导人们深入思考自己的思想，与上文逻辑紧密。故选G项。 【17题详解】 上文“The teacher may not explain what is ‘right’ or ‘wrong’.(老师可能不会解释什么是‘对’或‘错’)”表明老师不会直接给出对错的定义。F选项“Instead, he or she might ask ‘What does it mean to act morally?’(相反，他或她可能会问 ‘道德行事意味着什么? ’)”与上文形成转折，说明老师会通过提问的方式引导学生思考，符合苏格拉底方法中通过提问引导他人思考的特点，上下文衔接自然。故选F项。 【18题详解】 下文“When you ask yourself, for instance, ‘Why do you believe this?’ or ‘What evidence supports your thinking?’(例如，当你问自己‘你为什么相信这个?’或‘有什么证据支持你的想法?’)”具体说明了自我审视时的提问方式。E选项“The Socratic Method is a powerful tool for self-examination.(苏格拉底方法是一种强大的自我审视工具)”起到了承上启下的作用，既承接上文对苏格拉底方法的介绍，又引出下文关于自我审视的具体内容。故选E项。 【19题详解】 上文“Self-reflection is like hitting the pause button on life.(自我反思就像按下生活的暂停键)”将自我反思比喻为暂停键。A选项“It gives you a moment to step back.(它给你一个退后一步思考的时刻)”进一步解释了按下暂停键的意义，即让人有时间退后一步思考，与上文逻辑一致。故选A项。 【20题详解】 上文“Living an unexamined life is similar to coasting on automatic pilot, where one simply accepts social standards without critically evaluating them. In this kind of life, you’re swept along by society’s expectations.(过一种未经审视的生活就像在自动驾驶状态下滑行，人们只是简单地接受社会标准而不进行批判性评估。在这种生活中，你会被社会的期望所裹挟)”描述了未经审视的生活的状态。B选项“You are barely aware of your own desires.(你几乎意识不到自己的欲望)”进一步说明了在这种生活状态下的结果，即人们会忽略自己的欲望，上下文语意连贯。故选B项。 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Manuela Ribeiro has a healthy addiction. It’s ____21____. A few months ago, the 30-year-old teacher decided it was time to put her ____22____ to good use. She signed up on the website Bookalokal, and now welcomes ____23____ into her Brussels flat twice a week for dinner parties. Ribeiro ____24____ €35 per person for what is usually a three-course meal that can last up to three hours. For Ribeiro, it has become a perfect platform for ____25____ her hobby of buying food, ____26____ new recipes and holding dinner parties. “It’s a great opportunity to share my passion for food and to ____27____ new people,” said Ribeiro. Sometimes she prepares traditional Brazilian dishes ____28____ her native home; other times she ____29____ dinner courses with her favorite beers. The platform has enabled Ribeiro to realise her dream with a great deal of freedom, as _____30_____ to a restaurant where the service is _____31_____, the menu is known in advance, and the meal is expected to be no _____32_____. “But it’s also a great _____33_____, for it can sometimes take days to _____34_____ a single event,” Ribeiro said. “This platform is not only _____35_____ for professional cooks, but also for those willing to discover new experiences.” 21. A. reading B. traveling C. cooking D. teaching 22. A. hobby B. energy C. education D. money 23. A. coworkers B. students C. relatives D. strangers 24. A. pays B. charges C. owes D. raises 25. A. pursuing B. choosing C. discussing D. changing 26 A. passing on B. trying out C. going over D. taking down 27. A. hire B. help C. meet D. train 28. A. in addition to B. in return for C. in honor of D. in line with 29. A. replaces B. tastes C. orders D. pairs 30. A. opposed B. related C. subject D. vital 31. A. invaluable B. impersonal C. unsuitable D. unprofessional 32. A. surprise B. end C. need D. problem 33. A. lesson B. pleasure C. success D. challenge 34. A. celebrate B. record C. attend D. organise 35. A. selected B. reserved C. evaluated D. requested 【答案】21. C 22. A 23. D 24. B 25. A 26. B 27. C 28. C 29. D 30. A 31. B 32. A 33. D 34. D 35. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Manuela Ribeiro将自己的烹饪爱好发展成副业，通过在Bookalokal网站上提供晚餐聚会服务，与陌生人分享美食并结交新朋友的故事。 【21题详解】 考查名词词义辨析：句意：Manuela Ribeiro有一种健康的癖好。那就是烹饪。A. reading阅读；B. traveling旅行；C. cooking烹饪；D. teaching教学。根据下文“She signed up on the website Bookalokal, and now welcomes ____ into her Brussels flat twice a week for dinner parties”可知，她现在在Bookalokal网站上提供晚餐聚会服务，由此推知她的嗜好是烹饪。故选C。 【22题详解】 考查名词词义辨析：句意：几个月前，这位30岁的老师决定是时候好好利用她的爱好了。A. hobby爱好；B. energy精力；C. education教育；D. money钱。根据上文“Manuela Ribeiro has a healthy addiction. It’s ____ .”可知，她的爱好是烹饪，此处指好好利用她的烹饪爱好。故选A。 【23题详解】 考查名词词义辨析：句意：她在Bookalokal 网站上注册了，现在每周两次欢迎陌生人到她布鲁塞尔的公寓来参加晚宴。A. coworkers同事；B. students学生；C. relatives亲戚；D. strangers陌生人。根据下文“It’s a great opportunity to share my passion for food and to ____ new people”可知，这是一个分享她对食物的热爱和结识新朋友的好机会，由此推知她欢迎陌生人到她的公寓参加晚宴。故选D。 【24题详解】 考查动词词义辨析：句意：对于通常一顿可能持续长达三个小时的三道菜的晚餐，Ribeiro向每人收取35欧元。A. pays支付；B. charges收费；C. owes欠；D. raises提高，筹集。根据下文“€35 per person for what is usually a three-course meal”可知，这是Manuela Ribeiro为客人提供的晚餐的收费标准，即每人收费35欧元。故选B。 【25题详解】 考查动词词义辨析：句意：对Ribeiro来说，这已经成为她追求购买食材、尝试新食谱以及举办晚宴这些爱好的一个完美平台。A. pursuing追求；B. choosing选择；C. discussing讨论；D. changing改变。根据上文“Manuela Ribeiro has a healthy addiction. It’s ____ ”可知，Manuela Ribeiro热爱烹饪，所以此处想表达的是“追求她购买食材的爱好”。故选A。 【26题详解】 考查动词短语辨析：句意：对Ribeiro来说，这已经成为她追求购买食材、尝试新食谱以及举办晚宴这些爱好的一个完美平台。A. passing on传递；B. trying out尝试；C. going over复习；D. taking down记下。根据下文“new recipes”可知，此处表示尝试新食谱。故选B。 【27题详解】 考查动词词义辨析：句意：“这是一个分享我对食物的热情以及结识新朋友的好机会。” Ribeiro说。A. hire雇佣；B. help帮助；C. meet遇见，结识；D. train训练。根据下文“This platform is not only ____ for professional cooks, but also for those willing to discover new experiences.”可知，这个平台不仅适合专业厨师，也适合那些愿意探索新体验的人，由此可推测出Manuela Ribeiro通过这个平台可以认识新朋友。故选C。 【28题详解】 考查介词短语辨析。句意：有时她准备传统的巴西菜肴，以纪念她的祖国；有时她会用她最喜欢的啤酒搭配晚餐。A. in addition to除……外（还）；B. in return for作为……的回报；C. in honor of为了纪念；D. in line with符合。根据下文“her native home”以及语境可知，为了纪念她的祖国，Ribeiro会准备传统的巴西菜肴。故选C。 【29题详解】 考查动词词义辨析：句意：有时她会按照她的家乡巴西的传统准备传统的巴西菜肴；有时她会把晚餐菜肴和她最喜欢的啤酒搭配起来。A. replaces代替；B. tastes品尝；C. orders订购；D. pairs配对，搭配。根据下文“dinner courses with her favorite beers”可知，此处表示用Ribeiro最喜欢的啤酒搭配晚餐。故选D。 30题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析：句意：这个平台让Ribeiro能够非常自由地实现她的梦想，与餐馆形成对比，在餐馆里服务是没有人情味的，菜单是提前知道的，而且人们期望用餐过程中没有惊喜。A. opposed相反的，对立的；B. related相关的；C. subject受…… 支配的；D. vital至关重要的。根据下文“to a restaurant where the service is”可知，此处是将在平台上做饭和开餐厅进行对比，表示两者是相反的。故选A。 【31题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析：句意：这个平台让Ribeiro能够非常自由地实现她的梦想，与餐馆形成对比，在餐馆里服务是没有人情味的，菜单是提前知道的，而且人们期望用餐过程中没有惊喜。A. invaluable无价的；B. impersonal没有人情味的；C. unsuitable不合适的；D. unprofessional不专业的。根据下文“the menu is known in advance, and the meal is expected to be no ____ ”可知，菜单是提前知道的，而且饭菜没有什么惊喜，说明餐厅的服务是没有人情味的。故选B。 【32题详解】 考查名词词义辨析：句意：这个平台让Ribeiro能够非常自由地实现她的梦想，与餐馆形成对比，在餐馆里服务是没有人情味的，菜单是提前知道的，而且人们期望用餐过程中没有惊喜。A. surprise惊喜；B. end结束；C. need需要；D. problem问题。根据上文“the menu is known in advance”可知，菜单是提前知道的，由此推知饭菜没有什么惊喜。故选A。 【33题详解】 考查名词词义辨析：句意：“但这也是一个很大的挑战，因为有时组织一场活动可能需要好几天的时间。” Ribeiro说。A. lesson教训；B. pleasure快乐；C. success成功；D. challenge挑战。根据下文“it can sometimes take days to ____ a single event”可知，有时组织一个活动可能需要几天的时间，这是一件具有挑战性的事情。故选D。 【34题详解】 考查动词词义辨析：句意：“但这也是一个很大的挑战，因为有时组织一场活动可能需要好几天的时间。” Ribeiro说。A. celebrate庆祝；B. record记录；C. attend参加；D. organise组织。根据下文“a single event”可知，此处指组织一个活动。故选D。 【35题详解】 考查动词词义辨析：句意：“这个平台不仅是为专业厨师保留的，也是为那些愿意发现新体验的人准备的。”A. selected选择；B. reserved保留；C. evaluated评估；D. requested请求。根据下文“for professional cooks, but also for those willing to discover new experiences”可知，这个平台不仅为专业厨师保留，而且也为那些愿意发现新体验的人保留，应用be reserved for。故选B。 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 China has a rich heritage of distinctive brocades (织锦), each reflecting the artistry and traditions of different regions. ___36___ (example) include Yunjin brocade from Nanjing in East China’s Jiangsu Province, known for its luxurious silk threads and gold weaving and Su brocade from Suzhou in Jiangsu province, ___37___ (admire) for its fine embroidery (刺绣) and delicate patterns. These brocades, often associated with the royal family and high society, show China’s mastery of textile (纺织品) art, ___38___ has developed with technological advancements and cultural influences. Li brocade is ___39___ rare, ancient textile tradition that has remained ___40___ (large) unchanged for over 3, 000 years. Unlike the sophisticated silk looms (织布机) used for other brocades, Li brocade is made on a waist loom, ___41___ (preserve) one of the world’s oldest techniques. Patterns of exotic flowers, plants, birds, the sun, the moon and stars, as well as dancing and working figures on Li brocade, are a ___42___ (reflect) of their customs, religious beliefs and daily life. Li women ___43___ (teach) textile techniques from a young age by their mothers. ___44___ the lack of books or illustrated records, generations of Li women have designed traditional elements using their imaginations to create colorful patterns. In 2006, the textile techniques of the Li people were among the first _____45_____ (name) a national intangible cultural heritage. 【答案】36. Examples 37. admired 38. which 39. a 40. largely 41. preserving 42 reflection 43. are taught 44. Despite 45. to be named 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，本文主要介绍了中国丰富多彩的织锦艺术，重点阐述了李锦这一古老纺织传统的独特之处、制作工艺、图案寓意及文化价值，以及李族女性对纺织技艺的传承与创新，最后提及李锦纺织技艺被列为国家非物质文化遗产。 【36题详解】 考查名词复数。句意：例子包括来自中国东部江苏省南京市的云锦，以其豪华的丝线和金线编织而闻名，以及来自江苏省苏州市的苏锦，以其精美的刺绣和精致的花纹而受到赞赏。根据后文include可知，此处应用名词作主语，example为可数名词，故使用复数。同时该空置于句首，开头单词首字母大写。故填Examples。 【37题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：同上。句中include为谓语动词，设空处使用非谓语动词。admire与逻辑主语Su brocade构成被动关系，故用过去分词作状语。故填admired。 【38题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：这些织锦往往与皇室和高贵社会相关联，展示了中国纺织艺术的精湛技艺，这种技艺是随着技术进步和文化影响而发展起来的。此处为非限制性定语从句修饰先行词mastery，先行词在从句中作主语，指物，故用关系代词which引导。故填which。 【39题详解】 考查冠词。句意：黎锦是一种稀有而古老的纺织传统，三千多年来基本保持不变。tradition为可数名词，此处表泛指应用不定冠词，且rare是发音以辅音音素开头的单词，应用a。故填a。 【40题详解】 考查副词。句意：黎锦是一种稀有而古老的纺织传统，三千多年来基本保持不变。修饰后文形容词unchanged应用副词largely，作状语。故填largely。 【41题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：与其他织锦使用的精密丝织机不同，黎锦是在腰织机上织造的，保留了世界上最古老的技术之一。句中is made为谓语动词，preserve在句中应用非谓语动词形式，与逻辑主语Li brocade构成主动关系，故用现在分词作状语。故填preserving。 【42题详解】 考查名词。句意：黎锦上的异国花卉、植物、鸟类、日月星辰以及舞蹈和工作人物图案，反映了他们的习俗、宗教信仰和日常生活。设空处使用名词作表语，表示“反映”应用名词reflection，此处为单数意义。故填reflection。 【43题详解】 考查动词时态和语态。句意：黎族女性从小就被母亲传授纺织技术。设空处使用动词作谓语，句子陈述客观事实用一般现在时，同时Li women与teach之间是被动关系，故使用一般现在时的被动语态；主语为复数名词Li women，故谓语动词用复数。故填are taught。 【44题详解】 考查介词。句意：尽管缺乏书籍或插图记录，但黎族女性历代以来一直运用自己的想象力设计传统元素，创造出丰富多彩的图案。结合后文“the lack of books or illustrated records”可知此处表示“尽管”，应用介词despite，句首单词首字母要大写。故填Despite。 【45题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：2006年，黎族的纺织技术首批被列为国家非物质文化遗产。句中were为谓语动词，设空处使用非谓语动词。the first后接动词不定式作后置定语；同时name与 the first 是逻辑上的被动关系可知，此处用动词不定式的被动式。故填to be named。 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节 书面表达（满分15分） 46. 假定你是李华，你校图书馆新开设“小组学习室”，请你给你的留学生同学Michael写一封信，邀请他一同体验，内容包括： 1.位置与开放时间； 2.室内设施和功能。 注意：1. 词数80左右； 2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Dear Michael, Good news ! Recently, a newly-furnished section, consisting of eight Group Learning Rooms, has been open to us students in our school library. Located on the third floor beside the online reading rooms, it can be accessible from 8 am till 9 pm throughout the weekdays. Those rooms are equipped with modern electronic facilities, all of which are linked to the Internet. It’s really convenient for us to do some group projects. Why not ask our group members to go and experience it? Early reply and we can reserve one room for our project. Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，假定考生是李华，你校图书馆新开设“小组学习室”，请你给你的留学生同学Michael写一封信，邀请他一同体验。 【详解】1. 词汇积累 由……组成：consist of→ be made up of 位于：be located on→ be situated on 与……相连接： be linked to →be connected to 预定：reserve→book 2. 句式拓展 合并简单句 原句：Recently, a newly-furnished section, consisting of eight Group Learning Rooms, has been open to us students in our school library. 拓展句：Recently, a newly-furnished section, which consists of eight Group Learning Rooms, has been open to us students in our school library. 【点睛】[高分句型1] Those rooms are equipped with modern electronic facilities, all of which are linked to the Internet.（of which引导的非限制性定语从句） [高分句型2] Located on the third floor beside the online reading rooms, it can be accessible from 8 am till 9 pm throughout the weekdays.（过去分词作状语） 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 When a new trend (趋势) swept through school, every kid wanted in. The latest must-have item? Superhero-style jerseys (球衣), decorated with bright colors and the logos of everyone’s favorite heroes. They were cool and expensive. Almost everyone pre-ordered one, except Dylan. Dylan lived with his grandmother, Mrs. Hargrove, in a small house. Money was tight, but they made do. When Dylan saw the jerseys at school, he couldn’t help but want one. Mrs. Hargrove looked at the price tag online and said gently, “I’m afraid we can’t afford one right now.” Dylan’s face fell, but he forced a smile, “That’s okay, Grandma. I understand.” But Mrs. Hargrove couldn’t bear to see him disappointed. That night, after Dylan had gone to bed, she sat down with her knitting needles (针) and a plan. She stayed up all night and made a homemade jersey with all the love she had. By morning, she was tired but satisfied, holding the finished product with a smile. At breakfast, she presented the jersey to Dylan. Dylan’s heart sank when he saw the jersey. It was a bright, hand-knitted sweater with a superhero picture that wasn’t exactly perfect. But he saw the look in his grandmother’s eyes and knew he couldn’t hurt her feelings. “Thanks, Grandma,” he said, forcing enthusiasm into his voice. “It’s great.” On Monday, Dylan put on the homemade jersey and went to school. As soon as he entered the classroom, some kids started to laugh at him. Dylan tried to ignore them, but the comments kept coming. By lunchtime, he couldn’t take it anymore and ran home, tears streaming down his face. Mrs. Hargrove held him close, her heart broken for him. Meanwhile, Mr. Pickford, Dylan’s beloved teacher, heard about what had happened. He was known for his kindness and his special ability of turning bad situations around. 注意：1．续写词数应为150个左右; 2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Mr. Pickford decided to take action. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ After the class, the students’ attitudes changed completely. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Mr. Pickford decided to take action. He organized a special class activity called “The Value Behind Clothes”. In the class, he asked each student to share the story behind a special piece of clothing they owned. Some talked about the dresses their mothers made for their birthdays, while others shared the significance of the worn-out items passed down from their grandparents. Mr. Pickford then asked Dylan to come to the front and show his jersey. In a trembling voice, Dylan told the whole class how his grandma had stayed up all night to make this jersey for him because they couldn’t afford the expensive store-bought ones. His words touched the hearts of his classmates, and many of them hung their heads in shame for their earlier behavior. After the class, the students’ attitudes changed completely. They started to appreciate the effort and love put into every piece of clothing, no matter how it looked. Some students even asked Mrs. Hargrove to teach them how to knit. The next week, a “Handmade Clothes Day” was organized in the school. All the students wore their self-made or family-made clothes with pride. Dylan’s jersey became the most special one among them. From then on, instead of being laughed at, Dylan was admired for having such a loving grandmother and the unique jersey filled with love. The school atmosphere became warmer, and everyone learned the true meaning of kindness and respect. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了和奶奶相依为命的Dylan在学校兴起了购买超级英雄风格球衣的潮流后，也渴望拥有一件，但家中无力购买，为了不让他失望，Dylan的奶奶连夜手工编织了一件。Dylan穿到学校后，遭到了同学们的嘲笑。老师Mr. Pickford了解情况后，组织了一次班会，扭转了学生们的思想和态度，学生们不仅纷纷开始学习自制衣服，而且懂得了善良和尊重的真正的含义。 【详解】1. 段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“Mr. Pickford决定采取行动。”可知，第一段可描写Mr. Pickford组织班会，以及班会上学生们的表现。 ②由第二段首句内容“下课后，学生们的态度完全改变了。”可知，第二段可描写学生们态度的转变和具体的行为表现，点明主题。 2. 续写线索：行动——组织班会——分享各自故事——Dylan讲述球衣的故事——感动——态度转变——组织手工服装日——Dylan得到了羡慕和尊重——点明主题。 3. 词汇激活： 行为类： ①组织、安排：organize/arrange ②拥有：own/possess ③谈论、讨论：talk about/discuss ④传承：pass down/hand down ⑤欣赏：appreciate/admire 情绪类： ①有爱的：loving/full of love ②发抖的：trembling/shaking 【点睛】【高分句型1】In the class, he asked each student to share the story behind a special piece of clothing they owned.（运用了省略了关系代词的限制性定语从句。） 【高分句型2】In a trembling voice, Dylan told the whole class how his grandma had stayed up all night to make this jersey for him because they couldn’t afford the expensive store-bought ones.（运用了以连接副词how引导的宾语从句和连词because引导的原因状语从句。） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $