精品解析：重庆市第八中学校2024-2025学年高二下学期期中考试英语试题

重庆八中2024—2025学年度（下）半期考试高二年级 英语试题 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What did the man do last night? A. He played tennis. B. He watched TV. C. He worked overtime. 2. What does the girl want? A. Shoes. B. A sweater. C. A dress. 3. Where is the man hurrying to go? A. To his office. B. To the front desk. C. To a meeting room. 4. What does the woman mean? A. She is likely to visit the castle. B. She is impressed with the visit. C. She is disappointed at the castle. 5. Which subject does the girl dislike? A. History. B. Art. C. Geography. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有2至4个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有5秒钟的时间阅读各个小题；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。 6 What did the man do in the wildlife park? A. He drove through it. B. He traveled with the keepers. C. He took a close look at the tigers. 7. What does the man think of the keepers? A. Free. B. Helpful. C. Strict. 听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。 8. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. Learning methods. B. Language CDs. C. New vocabulary. 9. What does the woman do every night? A. She watches films. B. She listens to music. C. She reviews new words. 听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。 10. When does the conversation probably take place? A. In the morning. B. Around noon. C. In the evening. 11. What is the purpose of the woman’s call? A. To change an appointment. B. To invite the man to dinner. C. To invite the man to visit their friends. 12. What will the man do next Saturday? A. Attend a wedding party. B. Go to the woman’s house. C. Go on business in Scotland. 听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。 13. Where is the magazine? A. On the kitchen table. B. On the desk. C. On the sofa. 14. What does the woman advise the man to do? A. Read the magazine online. B. Buy a copy of the magazine. C. Wait until she finishes the magazine. 15. How much will the magazine probably cost next month? A. £3. B. £4 C. £5. 16. What does the man say about the woman? A. She is addicted to Cosmo. B. She is a big fan of Martin Scorsese. C. She likes the film The Departed very much. 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。 17. What was wrong with the speaker? A. Her car broke down. B. Her car key was lost. C. She couldn’t find her way. 18. What did the speaker do before meeting the stranger? A. She stayed in her car. B. She sat by the road. C. She made a phone call. 19. How did the stranger help the speaker? A. By calling for help. B. By driving her home. C. By accompanying her. 20. How did the speaker thank the stranger? A. She treated him to dinner. B. She paid him some money. C. She expressed her gratitude. 第三部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项A、B、C和D中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A Taste of Jamaica vegetarian Hot, Healthy and Spicy! Experience the Island’s Rich Cooking Traditions! 25 Vegetarian Dishes from the Land of Reggae! $5.95 Introduction: Welcome to the world of Jamaican vegetarian cuisine! This cookbook is a celebration of the vibrant and flavorful dishes that have made Jamaican food famous around the world. From hearty stews to spicy curries, this cookbook offers a range of delicious vegetarian recipes that show the island’s diverse cooking traditions. Jamaican cuisine is known for its bold flavors and vibrant spices, and this cookbook is no exception. Whether you’re a lifelong vegetarian or simply looking to involve more plant-based meals into your diet, this cookbook is sure to delight your taste buds and introduce you to new and exciting flavors. Inside these pages, you’ll find recipes for classic Jamaican dishes like ackee and saltfish, plantain chips, and jerk tofu. You’ll also discover lesser-known gems（佳肴）like callaloo soup, pumpkin curry, and mango chow. Each recipe is accompanied by amazing full-color photographs that will make your mouth water and inspire you to get cooking. So grab your apron and get ready to embark on a cooking journey to Jamaica. Whether you’re cooking for family and friends or simply looking to explore new flavors, this Jamaican vegetarian cookbook is sure to become a staple in your kitchen. All recipes are for 4 persons. 1. What kind of recipes can readers find in the cookbook? A. International cuisine. B. Vegetable dishes with spicy flavors. C. Traditional Jamaican desserts. D. Popular Jamaican meat dishes. 2. What can we know about the recipes presented in the cookbook? A. They are planned to serve 2 persons each. B. They are organized by difficulty levels. C. They are illustrated by colorized photos. D. They are categorized by cooking methods. 3. What is the purpose of the text? A. To advertise a Jamaican vegetarian cookbook. B. To introduce the Jamaican vegetarian cuisine. C. To advocate vegetarianism around the world. B As Europe entered the 17th century, when traditional attitudes still held that a woman’s proper role was as a daughter, wife, and mother, more females were attracted to the Scientific Revolution, just like they had been drawn to humanism over the previous centuries. One of the most well-known female scientists of the 17th century, Margaret Cavendish came from a noble family in England. Cavendish was an active participant in the important scientific debates of her time. Despite her achievements, however, she was not included in the Royal Society. She wrote a number of works on scientific matters. In these works, she attacked what she considered the faults of the conventional approaches to scientific knowledge and was especially doubtful about the growing belief that humans were the masters of nature: “We have no power at all over natural causes and effects... for man is merely a small part. His powers are but particular actions of Nature, and he cannot have a supreme and absolute power.” Another famous female scientist was Maria Winkelmann who lived in Germany and was educated by her father and received advanced training from a local self-taught astronomer. When she married Gottfried Kirch, Germany’s foremost astronomer, she became his assistant. She made some original contributions, including an undiscovered comet, as her husband related: “Early in the morning (about 2: 00 a. m.) the sky was clear and starry. Some nights before, I had observed a variable star, and my wife (as I slept) wanted to find and see it for herself. In doing so, she found a comet in the sky, at which time she woke me, and I found that it was indeed a comet. I had not seen it the night before.” In 1710, she applied for a position as an assistant astronomer. As a woman, with no university degree, she was denied the post by the Academy of Sciences in Berlin. Cavendish’s and Winkelmann’s difficulties with the scientific societies of their times reflect the barriers women faced in the field of early modern science. The work of these female scientists is still viewed as being against the domestic duties women are expected to perform. 4. Which of the following would Cavendish probably agree with? A. Conventional methods always worked. B. Humans’ knowledge had absolute power. C. Science changed natural causes and effects. D. People held no real control over natural forces. 5. What was Winkelmann doing when she made her discovery? A. Watching a star. B. Studying a known comet. C. Walking under the starry sky. D. Applying for a position of assistant. 6. What did Cavendish and Winkelmann have in common? A. Both received formal education. B. Both came from a family of scientists. C. Both were rejected by scientific associations. D. Both worked for male scientists as an assistant. 7. What would be a suitable title for the passage? A. Women’s Study of Humanism in the 17th Century B. The Cooperation Between Male and Female Scientists C. The Role of Women in the Origins of Modern Education D. Female Scientists’ Difficulties with Early Modern Science C There are a lot of names for people who travel the world—backpackers, tourists, explorers, travelers. Labels (标签) are everywhere but seem especially popular among travelers trying to differentiate (区别) their style of travel. For many travelers, these labels make them feel better over another. Andrew Zimmern from Bizarre Foods once said, “Please be a traveler, not a tourist. Try new things, meet new people, and look beyond what’s right in front of you. Those are the keys to understanding this amazing world we live in.” The idea here is that travelers are better at exploring the world than tourists. They dig deep into the culture, drink it up, and get to know a place while a tourist takes pictures and declares to have “done Paris.” But that’s wrong, we are all tourists. On the road, backpackers love to talk about how real their travels are and how unreal tourists are. “Look at those tourists over there,” they say. They scoff at others who travel too quickly or to places that they think are not well worth visiting. Nevertheless, they do so while eating hamburgers and drinking beers with other travelers. The only way to really get to know a place deeply is to live there. If you want to live like a local, find an apartment, get a job, go to work, and do the same things as you did back home. We are all only passing through a culture, getting a small taste before moving on to the next place. Even if we stay weeks or months, we’re just getting in touch with the surface. As a matter of fact, we are all really just tourists, or explorers, or travelers. Call yourself whatever you want—it’s all the same as we’re all trying to do the same thing—see the world. So don’t label anyone and don’t let anyone label you. We’re all tourists. We’re all travelers. What we are all doing is more important than what we call ourselves. Let’s just enjoy the fact that we are simply people on the road. 8. The purpose of Andrew Zimmern’s words in Paragraph 2 is to ________. A. present amazing experiences B. tell travelers from tourists C. get to know different people D. give an example of misunderstanding 9. Which of the following can best replace the underlined phrase “scoff at” in Paragraph 4? A. laugh at B. model after C. take notice of D. agree with 10. What do tourists and travelers have in common? A. They live like locals while traveling. B They have a brief experience of places. C They enjoy tasty food on the way. D. They like calling themselves explorers. 11. What does the author imply in the passage? A. Explore deep into cultures. B. Make a detailed trip schedule. C. Just enjoy the trip on the road. D. Simply be more a traveller than a tourist D Looking up at the sky during early spring, you may see groups of birds moving as they migrate north. But how do these creatures fly in such a cooperative and seemingly effortless fashion？ “The answer lies in aerodynamics (空气动力学) ” reports a team of scientists from New York University (NYU) in a newly published study. They also found that the impact of aerodynamics depends on the size of the flying group — benefiting small groups and disturbing large ones. To mimic (模仿) the flying patterns of birds in which they line up one directly behind the other, the researchers created mechanized wings. They were 3D-printed from plastic and driven by motors to move in water, which showed how air flows around bird wings and how they interact during flight. For smaller groups, the researchers discovered an effect by which each member gets help from the aerodynamics in holding its position relative to its neighbors. For larger groups, however, these flying interactions cause later members to be thrown out of position, causing a breakdown of the flying patterns due to crashes among members. The researchers then used mathematical modeling to better understand the underlying forces. It indicates that the interactions between neighbors are spring-like forces. However, these “springs” act in only one direction — a lead bird can apply force on its followers, but not the other way around. “The spring-like forces move the members back and forth and then travel down the group and increase in intensity, causing later members to crash together, explains Leif Ristroph, an associate professor at New York University.” “This area of research is important since animals are known to take advantage of the flows to save on the energy or to reduce drag or resistance,” explains Leif Ristroph. “Our work may also have applications in transportation — like efficient speeding through air or water — and energy, such as more effectively harvesting power from wind or waves.” 12. What is the major focus of the NYU researchers’ study on birds？ A. The migration patterns of birds. B. The flying routes in early spring. C. The aerodynamic effects on bird groups. D. The benefits of smaller bird grouping. 13. How do flying interactions affect smaller groups of birds？ A. They lead to a breakdown. B. They disturb the formation. C. They cause crashes among members. D. They help each member in position. 14. What do the researchers find about the underlying forces？ A. Forces weaken through the group. B. All birds equally influence each other. C. Forces work both ways between birds. D. The lead bird affects others in a one-way manner. 15. According to Leif Ristroph, what might be a potential application of this research？ A. Relieving public traffic jams. B. Decreasing air resistance of planes. C. Improving harvest of solar energy. D. Changing migration routes of birds. 第二节（共5 小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 There are many customary differences between the West and the East, of which are some of China’s eating habits, which many westerners would find quite hard to understand. ____16____ Not eating food dropped on a table. I’ve seen the disgust in people’s faces here when I’ve dropped food on the table only to then pick it up and eat it. In the West, we clean our tabletops quite well. Our thought is, “A tabletop has had nothing but food on it. No one walks on it, sits on it or throws garbage on it. ____17____” We don’t get it. Putting rice cookers on the floor. ____18____ Dust, germs, etc. are far more likely to get into the rice. I’ve been in several restaurants and nearly everyone I’ve seen puts their rice cookers on the floor. ____19____ Every Western child’s dream would be to live in China for the purpose that he or she could eat the dessert before they eat their main meal. I’m not sure about this Western tradition of eating dessert last. In China, it doesn’t matter. You can have ice cream before your meal. Westerners would find that very strange. Drinking hot water with your meal. Often, it has been my experience that many Chinese will not have a drink (water, tea, etc.) with a meal. ___20___ I’ve often heard that hot water is better for digestion than cold water. However, we westerners like cold water or cold drinks. A. The followings are just some of them. B. However, when they do, it is usually hot water. C. Having noodles or rice every day. D What are healthy food for westerners? E. Eating dessert before a meal. F. Westerners don’t want their food near the floor. G. Why is it considered so dirty? 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 When I was 24, I moved to America, 11,000 kilometers away from my homeland. This was ___21___, especially fitting into an unfamiliar environment. Working from home increased my ___22___, as I was cut off from social interactions. However, serving as a volunteer at a local animal shelter ___23___ everything. Upon arriving at the shelter, I was ___24___ to a small, grey and white cat named Luna immediately. Found abandoned and terrified of humans, Luna ___25___ in the corner, shaking. Her lonely green eyes seemed to ___26___ my own sense of displacement in this foreign land. My task was to slowly gain Luna’s ___27___ and help her adjust, which felt similar to my efforts to ___28___ this new place. As days turned into weeks, Luna and I developed a ___29___. The process of feeding her, speaking softly, and the ____30____ required to look after her made this little creature gradually open her heart to me. Her ____31____ encouraged me to step outside, make new friends, and become part of the community. My time at the shelter provided a valuable ____32____ into settling down in a new country. It is an inspiring experience of ____33____ gaps of language and culture and a journey of personal growth. From it, I realized the value of time, love, and a(n) ____34____ heart in forming meaningful relationships. This journey aided me in finding a sense of ____35____ in an unfamiliar land. 21. A. tough B. dangerous C. exciting D. rewarding 22. A. happiness B. interest C. loneliness D. guilt 23. A. upset B. cost C. challenged D. changed 24. A. drawn B. compared C. driven D. devoted 25. A. played B. hid C. slept D. relaxed 26. A. reject B. control C. cover D. mirror 27. A. praise B. sympathy C. forgiveness D. trust 28. A. escape from B. adapt to C. get around D. search for 29. A. bond B. plan C. habit D. skill 30. A. guidance B. independence C. confidence D. patience 31. A. courage B. acceptance C. assistance D. curiosity 32. A. innovation B. insight C. investigation D. investment 33. A. leaving B. widening C. bridging D. creating 34. A. open B. simple C. strong D. innocent 35. A. responsibility B. security C. belonging D. freedom 第二节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 In an age when digital devices dominate our lives, community libraries still play ____36____ irreplaceable role. These libraries, which are often run ____37____ (voluntary) by individuals, provide not only books but also a sense of belonging. Visitors enter the libraries,____38____ (greet) warmly by volunteers. A new study ____39____ (show) children who visit libraries tend to develop stronger reading habits. Especially for the elderly, visiting libraries regularly can become ____40____ (benefit) to their health significantly. ____41____ makes these libraries special is how they adapt to local needs. In one town, at one time elderly residents requested large-print books, so the community library expanded ____42____ (it) collection accordingly. Another library started offering free coding classes after school. “The key is to listen to the community,” said Ms. Chen, who has managed a library for 15 years. ____43____ addition to books, many community libraries now provide creative space. A series of activities ____44____ people can paint, play music, or even repair bicycles turn libraries into more vital centers of community life than before. With community libraries _____45_____ (gain) popularity nowadays, an increasing number of people are becoming interested in learning about them. With proper support, these libraries will continue to enrich people’s lives for generations to come. 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节 书面表达（满分15分） 46. 假定你是李华，上周在英国参加文化交流活动期间，寄宿家庭（host family）的Mr. Smith对你照顾周到。回国后，给他写一封感谢信，内容包括： 1. 表达感谢； 2. 回顾他的帮助； 3. 邀请他来中国做客。 注意： 1. 词数100左右； 2. 可适当增加细节，使行文连贯。 Dear Mr. Smith, __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 第二节 读后续写（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。 On a freezing December evening, 17-year-old Lily hurried through the snowy streets after her part-time shift at the bookstore. Her worn coat offered little warmth, and the weight of her mother’s medical bills pressed heavily on her mind. Turning a corner, she noticed an elderly man struggling to lift a fallen delivery box near a grocery store. Without hesitation, she rushed to help. “Thank you, young lady,” the man wheezed, adjusting his glasses. His hands trembled slightly, and Lily spotted a fresh cut on his palm. “You’re hurt!” she exclaimed, pulling a handkerchief from her bag. As she bandaged his hand, the man introduced himself as Mr. Thompson, the owner of the store. “Wait here,” he said, disappearing inside. He returned with a thermos of hot chocolate and a thick scarf. “For your kindness,” he insisted, memories of being helped flashing through his mind. Touched, Lily accepted the gifts, her eyes stinging. While reorganizing the scarf, she discovered a handwritten note tucked in its folds: “To the girl with a heart of gold — check the bookstore’s bulletin board tomorrow.” Puzzled, she arrived early the next morning to find a job offer posted: “Wanted: Assistant Manager. Priority is given to those who’ve shown exceptional sympathy.” Her hands shook as she entered Mr. Thompson’s office. He smiled warmly, “The position is yours if you want it.” Overwhelmed, Lily whispered, “But why me?” 注意：1. 续写词数应为150左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Mr. Thompson leaned forward, lost in his memory. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ One day in the bookstore, Lily saw a poor boy who couldn’t afford books. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 重庆八中2024—2025学年度（下）半期考试高二年级 英语试题 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What did the man do last night? A. He played tennis. B. He watched TV. C. He worked overtime. 2. What does the girl want? A. Shoes. B. A sweater. C. A dress. 3. Where is the man hurrying to go? A. To his office. B. To the front desk. C. To a meeting room. 4. What does the woman mean? A. She is likely to visit the castle. B. She is impressed with the visit. C. She is disappointed at the castle. 5. Which subject does the girl dislike? A. History. B. Art. C. Geography. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有2至4个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有5秒钟的时间阅读各个小题；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。 6. What did the man do in the wildlife park? A. He drove through it. B. He traveled with the keepers. C. He took a close look at the tigers. 7. What does the man think of the keepers? A. Free. B. Helpful. C. Strict. 听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。 8. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. Learning methods. B. Language CDs. C. New vocabulary. 9. What does the woman do every night? A. She watches films. B. She listens to music. C. She reviews new words. 听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。 10. When does the conversation probably take place? A. In the morning. B. Around noon. C. In the evening. 11. What is the purpose of the woman’s call? A. To change an appointment. B. To invite the man to dinner. C. To invite the man to visit their friends. 12. What will the man do next Saturday? A. Attend a wedding party. B. Go to the woman’s house. C. Go on business in Scotland. 听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。 13. Where is the magazine? A. On the kitchen table. B. On the desk. C. On the sofa. 14. What does the woman advise the man to do? A. Read the magazine online. B. Buy a copy of the magazine. C. Wait until she finishes the magazine. 15. How much will the magazine probably cost next month? A. £3. B. £4 C. £5. 16. What does the man say about the woman? A. She is addicted to Cosmo. B. She is a big fan of Martin Scorsese. C. She likes the film The Departed very much. 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。 17. What was wrong with the speaker? A. Her car broke down. B. Her car key was lost. C. She couldn’t find her way. 18. What did the speaker do before meeting the stranger? A. She stayed in her car. B. She sat by the road. C. She made a phone call. 19. How did the stranger help the speaker? A. By calling for help. B. By driving her home. C. By accompanying her. 20. How did the speaker thank the stranger? A. She treated him to dinner. B. She paid him some money. C. She expressed her gratitude. 第三部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项A、B、C和D中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A Taste of Jamaica vegetarian Hot, Healthy and Spicy! Experience the Island’s Rich Cooking Traditions! 25 Vegetarian Dishes from the Land of Reggae! $5.95 Introduction: Welcome to the world of Jamaican vegetarian cuisine! This cookbook is a celebration of the vibrant and flavorful dishes that have made Jamaican food famous around the world. From hearty stews to spicy curries, this cookbook offers a range of delicious vegetarian recipes that show the island’s diverse cooking traditions. Jamaican cuisine is known for its bold flavors and vibrant spices, and this cookbook is no exception. Whether you’re a lifelong vegetarian or simply looking to involve more plant-based meals into your diet, this cookbook is sure to delight your taste buds and introduce you to new and exciting flavors. Inside these pages, you’ll find recipes for classic Jamaican dishes like ackee and saltfish, plantain chips, and jerk tofu. You’ll also discover lesser-known gems（佳肴）like callaloo soup, pumpkin curry, and mango chow. Each recipe is accompanied by amazing full-color photographs that will make your mouth water and inspire you to get cooking. So grab your apron and get ready to embark on a cooking journey to Jamaica. Whether you’re cooking for family and friends or simply looking to explore new flavors, this Jamaican vegetarian cookbook is sure to become a staple in your kitchen. All recipes are for 4 persons. 1. What kind of recipes can readers find in the cookbook? A. International cuisine. B. Vegetable dishes with spicy flavors. C. Traditional Jamaican desserts. D. Popular Jamaican meat dishes. 2. What can we know about the recipes presented in the cookbook? A. They are planned to serve 2 persons each. B. They are organized by difficulty levels. C. They are illustrated by colorized photos. D. They are categorized by cooking methods. 3 What is the purpose of the text? A. To advertise a Jamaican vegetarian cookbook. B. To introduce the Jamaican vegetarian cuisine. C. To advocate vegetarianism around the world. 【答案】1. B 2. C 3. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍了一本牙买加素食烹饪书。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Taste of Jamaica vegetarian”以及“Hot Healthy and Spicy!”中的关键词Vegetarian和Spicy可知，读者可以在这本烹饪书里找到辣味的素食。故选B。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“Each recipe is accompanied by amazing full-color photographs that will make your mouth water and inspire you to get cooking.(每个食谱都配有令人惊叹的全彩照片，这些照片会让你垂涎欲滴，并激励你开始烹饪。)”可知，书中的食谱都加了彩色插图。故选C。 【3题详解】 目的意图题。根据文中提供的书名、价格、简介，以及“So grab your apron and get ready to embark on a cooking journey to Jamaica.(所以，抓紧你的围裙，准备踏上前往牙买加的烹饪之旅。)”，再结合文章的写作风格可推测出，本篇文章主要是为了宣传这本牙买加素食烹饪书。故选A。 B As Europe entered the 17th century, when traditional attitudes still held that a woman’s proper role was as a daughter, wife, and mother, more females were attracted to the Scientific Revolution, just like they had been drawn to humanism over the previous centuries. One of the most well-known female scientists of the 17th century, Margaret Cavendish came from a noble family in England. Cavendish was an active participant in the important scientific debates of her time. Despite her achievements, however, she was not included in the Royal Society. She wrote a number of works on scientific matters. In these works, she attacked what she considered the faults of the conventional approaches to scientific knowledge and was especially doubtful about the growing belief that humans were the masters of nature: “We have no power at all over natural causes and effects... for man is merely a small part. His powers are but particular actions of Nature, and he cannot have a supreme and absolute power.” Another famous female scientist was Maria Winkelmann who lived in Germany and was educated by her father and received advanced training from a local self-taught astronomer. When she married Gottfried Kirch, Germany’s foremost astronomer, she became his assistant. She made some original contributions, including an undiscovered comet, as her husband related: “Early in the morning (about 2: 00 a. m.) the sky was clear and starry. Some nights before, I had observed a variable star, and my wife (as I slept) wanted to find and see it for herself. In doing so, she found a comet in the sky, at which time she woke me, and I found that it was indeed a comet. I had not seen it the night before.” In 1710, she applied for a position as an assistant astronomer. As a woman, with no university degree, she was denied the post by the Academy of Sciences in Berlin. Cavendish’s and Winkelmann’s difficulties with the scientific societies of their times reflect the barriers women faced in the field of early modern science. The work of these female scientists is still viewed as being against the domestic duties women are expected to perform. 4. Which of the following would Cavendish probably agree with? A. Conventional methods always worked. B. Humans’ knowledge had absolute power. C. Science changed natural causes and effects. D. People held no real control over natural forces. 5. What was Winkelmann doing when she made her discovery? A. Watching a star. B. Studying a known comet. C. Walking under the starry sky. D. Applying for a position of assistant. 6. What did Cavendish and Winkelmann have in common? A. Both received formal education. B. Both came from a family of scientists. C. Both were rejected by scientific associations. D. Both worked for male scientists as an assistant. 7. What would be a suitable title for the passage? A. Women’s Study of Humanism in the 17th Century B. The Cooperation Between Male and Female Scientists C. The Role of Women in the Origins of Modern Education D. Female Scientists’ Difficulties with Early Modern Science 【答案】4. D 5. A 6. C 7. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章回顾了17世纪欧洲女性科学家进入科研领域的艰难与不易。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“In these works, she attacked what she considered the faults of the conventional approaches to scientific knowledge and was especially doubtful about the growing belief that humans were the masters of nature: “We have no power at all over natural causes and effects... for man is merely a small part. His powers are but particular actions of Nature, and he cannot have a supreme and absolute power.” (在这些作品中，她抨击了她所认为的传统科学知识方法的错误，尤其对人类是自然主人的日益增长的信念表示怀疑：“我们对自然的因果完全没有权力……因为人只是一个很小的部分。他的权力只是自然的特殊行为，他不可能拥有至高无上的绝对权力。”)”可知，卡文迪什可能会认为人们对自然力量没有真正的控制。故选D。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“Some nights before, I had observed a variable star, and my wife (as I slept) wanted to find and see it for herself. In doing so, she found a comet in the sky, at which time she woke me, and I found that it was indeed a comet. (几天前的晚上，我观察到一颗变星，我的妻子(在我睡觉的时候)想自己去找它看看。在这样做的时候，她发现天空中有一颗彗星，这时她叫醒了我，我发现那确实是一颗彗星。)”可知，温科尔曼在观测一颗变星时发现了那颗彗星。故选A。 【6题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“Despite her achievements, however, she was not included in the Royal Society. (然而，尽管她取得了成就，她却没有被列入皇家学会。)”和第三段“As a woman, with no university degree, she was denied the post by the Academy of Sciences in Berlin. (作为一名没有大学学位的女性，她被柏林科学院拒绝了这一职位。)”可知，这两位女科学家都被当时的科学团体拒绝了。故选C。 【7题详解】 主旨大意题。根据最后一段“Cavendish’s and Winkelmann’s difficulties with the scientific societies of their times reflect the barriers women faced in the field of early modern science. (卡文迪什和温克尔曼在他们那个时代的科学团体中遇到的困难反映了女性在早期现代科学领域所面临的障碍。)”可知，本文回顾了17世纪欧洲女性科学家进入科研领域的艰难与不易，所以“女性科学家在早期现代科学的困境”适合作为文章标题。故选D。 C There are a lot of names for people who travel the world—backpackers, tourists, explorers, travelers. Labels (标签) are everywhere but seem especially popular among travelers trying to differentiate (区别) their style of travel. For many travelers, these labels make them feel better over another. Andrew Zimmern from Bizarre Foods once said, “Please be a traveler, not a tourist. Try new things, meet new people, and look beyond what’s right in front of you. Those are the keys to understanding this amazing world we live in.” The idea here is that travelers are better at exploring the world than tourists. They dig deep into the culture, drink it up, and get to know a place while a tourist takes pictures and declares to have “done Paris.” But that’s wrong, we are all tourists. On the road, backpackers love to talk about how real their travels are and how unreal tourists are. “Look at those tourists over there,” they say. They scoff at others who travel too quickly or to places that they think are not well worth visiting. Nevertheless, they do so while eating hamburgers and drinking beers with other travelers. The only way to really get to know a place deeply is to live there. If you want to live like a local, find an apartment, get a job, go to work, and do the same things as you did back home. We are all only passing through a culture, getting a small taste before moving on to the next place. Even if we stay weeks or months, we’re just getting in touch with the surface. As a matter of fact, we are all really just tourists, or explorers, or travelers. Call yourself whatever you want—it’s all the same as we’re all trying to do the same thing—see the world. So don’t label anyone and don’t let anyone label you. We’re all tourists. We’re all travelers. What we are all doing is more important than what we call ourselves. Let’s just enjoy the fact that we are simply people on the road. 8. The purpose of Andrew Zimmern’s words in Paragraph 2 is to ________. A. present amazing experiences B. tell travelers from tourists C. get to know different people D. give an example of misunderstanding 9. Which of the following can best replace the underlined phrase “scoff at” in Paragraph 4? A. laugh at B. model after C. take notice of D. agree with 10. What do tourists and travelers have in common? A. They live like locals while traveling. B. They have a brief experience of places. C. They enjoy tasty food on the way. D. They like calling themselves explorers. 11. What does the author imply in the passage? A. Explore deep into cultures. B. Make a detailed trip schedule. C. Just enjoy the trip on the road. D. Simply be more a traveller than a tourist 【答案】8. D 9. A 10. B 11. C 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇议论文。当代社会很多旅行者喜欢给自己贴标签，认为自己要比游客更善于旅行，但事实上，标签并不重要，重要的是享受旅行过程。 【8题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段关键句“The idea here is that travelers are better at exploring the world than tourists.”（这里的想法是旅行者比游客更善于探索世界）和第三段内容“But that’s wrong, we are all tourists.”（但那是错误的，我们都是游客）可知，Andrew Zimmern的话告诉我们旅行者比游客更善于探索世界，但后文论述了这种想法是错误的，事实上我们都是游客，并阐述了原因，由此可知，第二段中列举Andrew Zimmern的话的目的是举一个关于对游客有不同种类的误解的例子。故选D项。 【9题详解】 词义猜测题。根据画线短语句中“who travel too quickly or to places that they think are not well worth visiting”（他们旅行太快或者去了他们认为不值得去的地方）可知，背包客认为其他游客旅行太快或者去了他们认为不值得去的地方，由此可知，背包客是在嘲笑其他游客，认为其他游客去的地方不值得去，由此可知划线部分意为“嘲笑”，与laugh at同义。故选A项。 【10题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段关键句“We are all only passing through a culture, getting a small taste before moving on to the next place. Even if we stay weeks or months, we’re just getting in touch with the surface. As a matter of fact, we are all really just tourists, or explorers, or travelers.”（我们都只是在经过一种文化，在去下一个地方之前简单体会一下。即使我们停留数周或数月，我们也只是接触文化的表面。事实上，我们都只是旅游者、探险家或旅行者）可知，无论是旅游者、探险家还是旅行者，我们只是在经过一种文化，只是简单的体验一下，接触的只是文化的表面，由此可知，游客和旅行者的共同点是他们对一些地方有过短暂的体验。故选B项。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段内容“So don’t label anyone and don’t let anyone label you. We’re all tourists. We’re all travelers. What we are all doing is more important than what we call ourselves. Let’s just enjoy the fact that we are simply people on the road.”（所以不要给任何人贴标签，也不要让任何人给你贴标签。我们都是游客。我们都是旅行者。我们所做的比我们对自己的称呼更重要。让我们享受我们只是行走在路上的人这一事实）可知，作者认为我们对自己的称呼并不重要，重要的是我们要享受旅行的过程，由此可知，作者在文章中表明了不要在意称呼，要享受路上的旅行，享受旅行的过程。故选C项。 D Looking up at the sky during early spring, you may see groups of birds moving as they migrate north. But how do these creatures fly in such a cooperative and seemingly effortless fashion？ “The answer lies in aerodynamics (空气动力学) ,” reports a team of scientists from New York University (NYU) in a newly published study. They also found that the impact of aerodynamics depends on the size of the flying group — benefiting small groups and disturbing large ones. To mimic (模仿) the flying patterns of birds in which they line up one directly behind the other, the researchers created mechanized wings. They were 3D-printed from plastic and driven by motors to move in water, which showed how air flows around bird wings and how they interact during flight. For smaller groups, the researchers discovered an effect by which each member gets help from the aerodynamics in holding its position relative to its neighbors. For larger groups, however, these flying interactions cause later members to be thrown out of position, causing a breakdown of the flying patterns due to crashes among members. The researchers then used mathematical modeling to better understand the underlying forces. It indicates that the interactions between neighbors are spring-like forces. However, these “springs” act in only one direction — a lead bird can apply force on its followers, but not the other way around. “The spring-like forces move the members back and forth and then travel down the group and increase in intensity, causing later members to crash together, explains Leif Ristroph, an associate professor at New York University.” “This area of research is important since animals are known to take advantage of the flows to save on the energy or to reduce drag or resistance,” explains Leif Ristroph. “Our work may also have applications in transportation — like efficient speeding through air or water — and energy, such as more effectively harvesting power from wind or waves.” 12. What is the major focus of the NYU researchers’ study on birds？ A. The migration patterns of birds. B. The flying routes in early spring. C. The aerodynamic effects on bird groups. D. The benefits of smaller bird grouping. 13. How do flying interactions affect smaller groups of birds？ A. They lead to a breakdown. B. They disturb the formation. C. They cause crashes among members. D. They help each member in position. 14. What do the researchers find about the underlying forces？ A. Forces weaken through the group. B. All birds equally influence each other. C. Forces work both ways between birds. D. The lead bird affects others in a one-way manner. 15. According to Leif Ristroph, what might be a potential application of this research？ A. Relieving public traffic jams. B. Decreasing air resistance of planes. C. Improving harvest of solar energy. D. Changing migration routes of birds. 【答案】12. C 13. D 14. D 15. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了纽约大学研究发现空气动力学对鸟类群体飞行有影响，小群体受益、大群体受扰，该研究在交通等领域有潜在应用。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“‘The answer lies in aerodynamics (空气动力学) ,’ reports a team of scientists from New York University (NYU) in a newly published study. They also found that the impact of aerodynamics depends on the size of the flying group—benefiting small groups and disturbing large ones.(‘答案在于空气动力学，’ 纽约大学（NYU）的一组科学家在一项新发表的研究中报告称。他们还发现，空气动力学的影响取决于飞行群体的大小 —— 对小群体有益，对大群体有干扰。)”可知，纽约大学研究人员对鸟类研究的主要重点是空气动力学对鸟类群体的影响。故选C。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“For smaller groups, the researchers discovered an effect by which each member gets help from the aerodynamics in holding its position relative to its neighbors.(对于较小群体，研究人员发现了一种效应，即每个成员都能从空气动力学中得到帮助，以保持其相对于邻居的位置。)”可知，飞行相互作用对较小的鸟类群体的影响是帮助每个成员保持位置。故选D。 【14题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段“It indicates that the interactions between neighbors are spring-like forces. However, these ‘springs’ act in only one direction—a lead bird can apply force on its followers, but not the other way around.(这表明邻居之间的相互作用是类似弹簧的力。然而，这些‘弹簧’只在一个方向上起作用——领头的鸟可以对它的跟随者施加力，但反过来不行。)”可知，研究人员发现潜在的力是领头的鸟以单向的方式影响其他鸟。故选D。 【15题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“‘This area of research is important since animals are known to take advantage of the flows to save on the energy or to reduce drag or resistance,’ explains Leif Ristroph. ‘Our work may also have applications in transportation—like efficient speeding through air or water—and energy, such as more effectively harvesting power from wind or waves.’(‘这个研究领域很重要，因为众所周知，动物会利用气流来节省能量或减少阻力，’莱夫・里斯托夫解释说。‘我们的工作也可能在交通领域有应用 —— 比如在空气或水中高效快速行驶 —— 以及能源领域，比如更有效地从风或波浪中获取能量。’)”可知，减少飞机的空气阻力属于在交通领域减少阻力的应用，符合研究的潜在应用。故选B。 第二节（共5 小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 There are many customary differences between the West and the East, of which are some of China’s eating habits, which many westerners would find quite hard to understand. ____16____ Not eating food dropped on a table. I’ve seen the disgust in people’s faces here when I’ve dropped food on the table only to then pick it up and eat it. In the West, we clean our tabletops quite well. Our thought is, “A tabletop has had nothing but food on it. No one walks on it, sits on it or throws garbage on it. ____17____” We don’t get it. Putting rice cookers on the floor. ____18____ Dust, germs, etc. are far more likely to get into the rice. I’ve been in several restaurants and nearly everyone I’ve seen puts their rice cookers on the floor. ____19____ Every Western child’s dream would be to live in China for the purpose that he or she could eat the dessert before they eat their main meal. I’m not sure about this Western tradition of eating dessert last. In China, it doesn’t matter. You can have ice cream before your meal. Westerners would find that very strange. Drinking hot water with your meal. Often, it has been my experience that many Chinese will not have a drink (water, tea, etc.) with a meal. ___20___ I’ve often heard that hot water is better for digestion than cold water. However, we westerners like cold water or cold drinks. A. The followings are just some of them. B. However, when they do, it is usually hot water. C. Having noodles or rice every day. D. What are healthy food for westerners? E. Eating dessert before a meal. F. Westerners don’t want their food near the floor. G. Why is it considered so dirty? 【答案】16. A 17. G 18. F 19. E 20. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了几点中国和西方在饮食文化上的差异。 【16题详解】 上文“There are many customary differences between the West and the East, of which are some of China’s eating habits, which many Westerners would find quite hard to understand.(东西方之间有很多习惯上的差异，其中一些是中国的饮食习惯，许多西方人会觉得很难理解)”说明一些是中国的饮食习惯和西方不同，许多西方人会觉得很难理解。空处承接上文，并引出下文中将要列举的具体差异。A项“以下只是其中的一些”符合语境，该项中的“some of them”指代下文中西方人无法理解中国饮食习惯。故选A项。 【17题详解】 根据上文“A tabletop has had nothing but food on it. No one walks on it, sits on it or throws garbage on it.(桌上除了食物什么都没有。没有人在上面走，坐在上面，或者往上面扔垃圾)”可知，食物是干净的，所以作者疑问为什么会觉得食物脏。故G选项“为什么它被认为很脏?”符合语境。故选G项。 【18题详解】 根据本段小标题“Putting rice cookers on the floor(把电饭锅放在地板上). ”及下文“Dust, germs, etc. are far more likely to get into the rice.(灰尘、细菌等更容易进入大米饭中)”可知，中国人把电饭锅放在地板上，而西方人认为灰尘、细菌等更容易进入大米。所以西方人不希望他们的食物靠近地板。F选项“西方人不希望他们的食物靠近地板”说明西方人“把电饭锅放在地板上”的态度并引出下文，符合语境。故选F项。 【19题详解】 根据下文“Every Western child’s dream would be to live in China for the purpose that he or she could eat the dessert before they eat their main meal.(每个西方孩子的梦想都是在中国生活，这样他或她就可以在吃正餐之前吃甜点)”可知，本段在说正餐前吃甜点。故E选项“在正餐前吃甜点。”符合语境，为本段的标题。故选E项。 【20题详解】 根据上文“Often, it has been my experience that many Chinese will not have a drink (water, tea, etc.) with a meal.(通常，我的经验是许多中国人在用餐时不喝东西(水、茶等)。)”下文“I’ve often heard that hot water is better for digestion than cold water.(我经常听说热水比冷水更有利于消化。)”可知，空处与前文构成转折关系，并引出下文说明中国人喝热水。故B选项“然而，当他们这样做的时候，通常喝热水”符合语境。故选B项。 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 When I was 24, I moved to America, 11,000 kilometers away from my homeland. This was ___21___, especially fitting into an unfamiliar environment. Working from home increased my ___22___, as I was cut off from social interactions. However, serving as a volunteer at a local animal shelter ___23___ everything. Upon arriving at the shelter, I was ___24___ to a small, grey and white cat named Luna immediately. Found abandoned and terrified of humans, Luna ___25___ in the corner, shaking. Her lonely green eyes seemed to ___26___ my own sense of displacement in this foreign land. My task was to slowly gain Luna’s ___27___ and help her adjust, which felt similar to my efforts to ___28___ this new place. As days turned into weeks, Luna and I developed a ___29___. The process of feeding her, speaking softly, and the ____30____ required to look after her made this little creature gradually open her heart to me. Her ____31____ encouraged me to step outside, make new friends, and become part of the community. My time at the shelter provided a valuable ____32____ into settling down in a new country. It is an inspiring experience of ____33____ gaps of language and culture and a journey of personal growth. From it, I realized the value of time, love, and a(n) ____34____ heart in forming meaningful relationships. This journey aided me in finding a sense of ____35____ in an unfamiliar land. 21. A. tough B. dangerous C. exciting D. rewarding 22. A. happiness B. interest C. loneliness D. guilt 23. A. upset B. cost C. challenged D. changed 24. A. drawn B. compared C. driven D. devoted 25. A. played B. hid C. slept D. relaxed 26. A. reject B. control C. cover D. mirror 27. A. praise B. sympathy C. forgiveness D. trust 28. A. escape from B. adapt to C. get around D. search for 29. A. bond B. plan C. habit D. skill 30. A. guidance B. independence C. confidence D. patience 31. A. courage B. acceptance C. assistance D. curiosity 32. A. innovation B. insight C. investigation D. investment 33. A. leaving B. widening C. bridging D. creating 34. A. open B. simple C. strong D. innocent 35. A. responsibility B. security C. belonging D. freedom 【答案】21. A 22. C 23. D 24. A 25. B 26. D 27. D 28. B 29. A 30. D 31. B 32. B 33. C 34. A 35. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了作者身在异国他乡，感到格格不入，后来作者在当地一家动物收容所做志愿者，作者在这里照顾一只名叫Luna的猫的经历让作者发生了改变，找到了归属感。 【21题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这很艰难，尤其是在一个陌生的环境中适应。A. tough艰难的；B. dangerous危险的；C. exciting令人兴奋的；D. rewarding值得做的。根据空后的“especially fitting into an unfamiliar environment”可知，作者难以融入陌生的环境中。故选A。 【22题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在家工作增加了我的孤独感，因为我被切断了与社交的联系。A. happiness幸福；B. interest兴趣；C. loneliness寂寞；D. guilt愧疚。根据空后的“as I was cut off from social interactions”可知，作者在家工作，无法与外界交流，所以感到孤独。故选C。 【23题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，在当地动物收容所当志愿者改变了一切。A. upset使烦恼，打乱；B. cost需付费；C. challenged向……挑战；D. changed改变。根据However前后的语境可知，作者在收容所当志愿者之前感觉难以融入和孤独，但来到收容所后作者发生了改变。故选D。 【24题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：到达收容所后，我立刻被一只灰白色的小猫Luna吸引住了。A. drawn吸引；B. compared比较；C. driven驾驶，驱使；D. devoted献身，致力。根据空后的“to a small, grey and white cat named Luna immediately”可知，作者被这只名叫Luna的猫吸引了。故选A。 【25题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：Luna被遗弃，害怕人类，她躲在角落里发抖。A. played玩耍；B. hid隐藏；C. slept睡觉；D. relaxed（使）放松。根据句中的“Found abandoned and terrified of humans”和空后的“in the corner, shaking”可知，由于害怕，Luna躲在角落里发抖。故选B。 【26题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她孤独的绿色眼睛似乎反映了我在这片异国他乡的流离失所感。A. reject拒绝；B. control控制；C. cover覆盖；D. mirror反映，映照。根据第一段内容并结合句中的“Her lonely green eyes”和“my own sense of displacement in this foreign land”可知，作者在异国他乡感到难以融入和孤独，这只猫的处境让作者产生了共鸣，它孤独的绿色眼睛反映了作者在异国他乡的流离失所感。故选D。 【27题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的任务是慢慢获得Luna的信任，帮助她适应，这与我适应这个新地方的努力相似。A. praise表扬；B. sympathy同情；C. forgiveness原谅；D. trust信任。根据下文中的“made this little creature gradually open her heart to me”并结合常识可知，作者照顾这只猫时需要获得它的信任。故选D。 【28题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意参考上题。A. escape from从……逃跑；B. adapt to适应；C. get around各处走动；D. search for寻找。根据句中的“help her adjust”可知，帮助猫适应的过程与作者努力适应新地方的过程类似。故选B。 【29题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：日子一天天过去，我和Luna结下了不解之缘。A. bond联系，关系；B. plan计划；C. habit习惯；D. skill技巧。根据下文“he process of feeding her, speaking softly, and the ___10___required to look after her made this little creature gradually open her heart to me. Her ___11___encouraged me to step outside, make new friends, and become part of the community.”可知，随着时间流逝，Luna和作者之间建立了融洽的关系，他和猫都发生了潜移默化的改变。故选A。 【30题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：喂养她的过程，轻声细语，以及照顾她的耐心，让这个小家伙逐渐向我敞开了心扉。A. guidance指导；B. independence独立；C. confidence自信；D. patience耐心。根据空后的“required to look after her”并结合常识可知，照顾流浪猫需要耐心。故选D。 【31题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：她的接受鼓励我走出去，结交新朋友，成为社区的一部分。A. courage勇气；B. acceptance接受；C. assistance帮助；D. curiosity好奇心。根据上文中的“The process of feeding her, speaking softly, and the ___10___required to look after her made this little creature gradually open her heart to me.”可知，猫逐渐向作者打开了心扉，它接受了作者。故选B。 【32题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我在收容所的时间为我在一个新国家安定下来提供了宝贵的见解。A. innovation创新；B. insight洞察力，洞悉，了解；C. investigation调查；D. investment投资。根据下文中的“It is an inspiring experience of ___13___gaps of language and culture and a journey of personal growth. From it, I realized the value of time, love, and a(n) ___14___heart in forming meaningful relationships.”可知，作者在收容所的经历让作者对在异国安顿下来有了新的见解。故选B。 【33题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这是一次弥合语言和文化隔阂的鼓舞人心的经历，也是一次个人成长之旅。A. leaving离开；B. widening拓宽；C. bridging在……上架桥；D. creating创造。根据空后的“gaps of language and culture”可知，这里指消除语言和文化隔阂。bridge the gap意为“消除隔阂”。故选C。 【34题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：从中我意识到了时间、爱和一颗开放的心在建立有意义的关系方面的价值。A. open开发的，敞开的；B. simple艰难的；C. strong强壮的；D. innocent无辜的，清白的。根据上文中的“This was ___1___, especially fitting into an unfamiliar environment.”并结合作者和猫之间的经历可知，作者曾经难以适应新环境，但与猫的相处经历让他明白了保持一颗开放的心对建立关系的意义。故选A。 【35题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这段旅程帮助我在一片陌生的土地上找到了归属感。A. responsibility责任；B. security安全；C. belonging归属；D. freedom自由。根据上文中的“Her ___11___encouraged me to step outside, make new friends, and become part of the community.”和空后的“in an unfamiliar land”并结合语境可知，作者在与猫相处的过程中获得了成长，学着走出去社交，他在陌生的地方找到了归属感。故选C。 第二节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 In an age when digital devices dominate our lives, community libraries still play ____36____ irreplaceable role. These libraries, which are often run ____37____ (voluntary) by individuals, provide not only books but also a sense of belonging. Visitors enter the libraries,____38____ (greet) warmly by volunteers. A new study ____39____ (show) children who visit libraries tend to develop stronger reading habits. Especially for the elderly, visiting libraries regularly can become ____40____ (benefit) to their health significantly. ____41____ makes these libraries special is how they adapt to local needs. In one town, at one time elderly residents requested large-print books, so the community library expanded ____42____ (it) collection accordingly. Another library started offering free coding classes after school. “The key is to listen to the community,” said Ms. Chen, who has managed a library for 15 years. ____43____ addition to books, many community libraries now provide creative space. A series of activities ____44____ people can paint, play music, or even repair bicycles turn libraries into more vital centers of community life than before. With community libraries _____45_____ (gain) popularity nowadays, an increasing number of people are becoming interested in learning about them. With proper support, these libraries will continue to enrich people’s lives for generations to come. 【答案】36. an 37. voluntarily 38. greeted 39. shows 40. beneficial 41. What 42. its 43. In 44. where 45. gaining 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了社区图书馆的现状和未来。 【36题详解】 考查冠词。句意：在数字设备主宰我们生活的时代，社区图书馆仍然发挥着不可替代的作用。短语play an irreplaceable role表示“发挥着不可替代的作用”。连接元音，故填an。 【37题详解】 考查副词。句意：这些图书馆通常由个人自愿经营，不仅提供书籍，还提供归属感。修饰动词run用副词voluntarily。故填voluntarily。 【38题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：参观者进入图书馆，受到志愿者的热情欢迎。此处greet与Visitors构成被动关系，故用过去分词作状语。故填greeted。 【39题详解】 考查时态。句意：一项新的研究表明，去图书馆的孩子往往会养成更强的阅读习惯。根据后文tend to可知为一般现在时，主语为A new study，谓语用三单形式。故填shows。 【40题详解】 考查形容词。句意：特别是对老年人来说，经常去图书馆对他们的健康有很大的好处。作表语，用形容词beneficial。故填beneficial。 【41题详解】 考查主语从句。句意：这些图书馆的特别之处在于它们如何适应当地的需求。引导主语从句，从句缺少主语，指物，故用what，首字母大写。故填What。 【42题详解】 考查代词。句意：在一个城镇，曾经有一段时间，老年居民要求大字印刷的书籍，因此社区图书馆相应地扩大了藏书。修饰名词collection用形容词性物主代词its。故填its。 【43题详解】 考查介词。句意：除了书籍，许多社区图书馆现还提供创意空间。短语in addition to表示“除了……还”。首字母大写。故填In。 【44题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：人们可以画画、演奏音乐甚至修自行车的一系列活动使图书馆成为比以前更重要的社区生活中心。定语从句修饰先行词A series of activities，在从句作地点状语，故用where。故填where。 【45题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：随着社区图书馆越来越受欢迎，越来越多的人开始有兴趣了解它们。此处gain与community libraries构成主动关系，故用现在分词作宾补。故填gaining。 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节 书面表达（满分15分） 46. 假定你是李华，上周在英国参加文化交流活动期间，寄宿家庭（host family）的Mr. Smith对你照顾周到。回国后，给他写一封感谢信，内容包括： 1. 表达感谢； 2. 回顾他的帮助； 3. 邀请他来中国做客。 注意： 1. 词数100左右； 2. 可适当增加细节，使行文连贯。 Dear Mr. Smith, __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Mr. Smith, I’m writing to express my heartfelt gratitude for the warm hospitality you and your family extended to me during my stay in the UK last week. Your thoughtful care made me feel right at home. I still vividly recall how you picked me up from the airport despite the late hour and helped me adapt to the new environment. Every morning, you prepared delicious breakfasts, and in the evenings, we had engaging conversations about our cultures, which broadened my horizons. I sincerely hope you can visit China one day. I’d be more than happy to be your guide and show you around my hometown. Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给Mr. Smith写一封感谢信，表达感谢、回顾他的帮助以及邀请他来中国做客。 【详解】1.词汇积累 表达：express→convey 体贴的：thoughtful→considerate 美味的：delicious→tasty 真诚地：sincerely→heartfeltly 2.句式拓展 句型转换 原句：Your thoughtful care made me feel right at home. 拓展句：It was your thoughtful care that made me feel right at home. 【点睛】【高分句型1】I sincerely hope you can visit China one day. (运用了省略that的宾语从句) 【高分句型2】Every morning, you prepared delicious breakfasts, and in the evenings, we had engaging conversations about our cultures, which broadened my horizons. (运用了which引导非限制性定语从句) 第二节 读后续写（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。 On a freezing December evening, 17-year-old Lily hurried through the snowy streets after her part-time shift at the bookstore. Her worn coat offered little warmth, and the weight of her mother’s medical bills pressed heavily on her mind. Turning a corner, she noticed an elderly man struggling to lift a fallen delivery box near a grocery store. Without hesitation, she rushed to help. “Thank you, young lady,” the man wheezed, adjusting his glasses. His hands trembled slightly, and Lily spotted a fresh cut on his palm. “You’re hurt!” she exclaimed, pulling a handkerchief from her bag. As she bandaged his hand, the man introduced himself as Mr. Thompson, the owner of the store. “Wait here,” he said, disappearing inside. He returned with a thermos of hot chocolate and a thick scarf. “For your kindness,” he insisted, memories of being helped flashing through his mind. Touched, Lily accepted the gifts, her eyes stinging. While reorganizing the scarf, she discovered a handwritten note tucked in its folds: “To the girl with a heart of gold — check the bookstore’s bulletin board tomorrow.” Puzzled, she arrived early the next morning to find a job offer posted: “Wanted: Assistant Manager. Priority is given to those who’ve shown exceptional sympathy.” Her hands shook as she entered Mr. Thompson’s office. He smiled warmly, “The position is yours if you want it.” Overwhelmed, Lily whispered, “But why me?” 注意：1. 续写词数应150左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Mr. Thompson leaned forward, lost in his memory. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ One day in the bookstore, Lily saw a poor boy who couldn’t afford books. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】范文 Mr. Thompson leaned forward, lost in his memory. “Thirty years ago,” he began softly, “I was a struggling student like you, shivering outside this very store. An old lady gave me a job and a warm meal.” His eyes glistened. “She taught me that kindness is the only investment that never fails. When I saw you helping without hesitation, I recognized that same spirit.” Lily listened, understanding dawning. This wasn’t just a job offer — it was the passing of a torch. Mr. Thompson added, “Your compassion is rarer than any qualification.” One day in the bookstore, Lily saw a poor boy who couldn’t afford books. His fingers lingered on a worn science textbook, eyes filled with longing. Remembering her own struggles, Lily quietly purchased it with her employee discount. When she handed him the book, his astonished smile mirrored hers when she’d received Mr. Thompson’s scarf. Later, she found a thank-you note tucked in the register: “You’re my miracle.” Lily smiled — this chain of kindness, started by a stranger’s hot chocolate, would continue growing. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了12月一个寒冷的晚上，17岁的莉莉下班路上帮助了一个老人搬箱子。事后得知老人是商店老板，老板最后提供了一份工作给她，而莉莉也将这份善良传递给了一个买不起书的男孩。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“汤普森先生身体前倾，沉浸在回忆中。”可知，第一段可描写汤普森先生说明雇佣莉莉的原因。 ②由第二段首句内容“一天，莉莉在书店里看到一个穷男孩，他买不起书。”可知，第二段可描写莉莉传递善良给男孩，将善举扩大。 2.续写线索：汤普森先生说明理由——莉莉接受工作——莉莉帮助男孩——男孩惊讶——善举扩大 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①看到：see/spot ②发现：find/discover ③购买：purchase/buy 情绪类 ①渴望：longing/eagerness ②同情：compassion/sympathy 【点睛】[高分句型1] When I saw you helping without hesitation, I recognized that same spirit.(运用了when引导时间状语从句) [高分句型2] She taught me that kindness is the only investment that never fails.(运用了that引导宾语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$