精品解析：2025届甘肃省白银市靖远县第一中学高三下学期三模英语试题(含听力）

2025年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试 英语模拟测试 本试卷共150分 考试时间120分钟 注意事项： 1. 答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。 3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 How much does the man need to pay? A. $40. B. $60. C. $100. 【答案】B 【解析】 【原文】M: How much should I pay for the medicine? W: $100. Do you have a private medical insurance? It will cover 40% of the bill. M: Oh, I didn’t know that. Thanks for letting me know. 2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What are the speakers doing? A. Waiting to board. B. Preparing to get off. C. Seeing someone off. 【答案】A 【解析】 【原文】M: It’s coming, Mom. Can’t wait! I’m going to go first. Let’s go, Mom. W: Wait, Luca! The door hasn’t been opened yet. Remember what I said? Wait behind the yellow line. 3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What does the woman think caused Danny’s failure? A. His examination anxiety. B. The pressure from his parents. C. Improper time management. 【答案】C 【解析】 【原文】W: Danny has failed the math test again. M: Poor him. He must be very stressed. His parents have high expectation of him. W: I think he spends too much time on extra-curricular activities. He should find a balance. 4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 Why does the man consider the woman a newcomer? A. She doesn’t know a certain place. B. She prefers taking a taxi to taking a train. C. She intends to travel by taxi to a far place. 【答案】C 【解析】 【原文】W: Taxi, taxi… Please take me to this address. M: OK. Are you new in this town? W: Yeah, I moved here last week. How do you know that? M: Normally, people here prefer to take a train rather than a taxi if the distance is long like this. 5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 When is the introductory class? A. On 20th, December. B. On 22nd, December. C. On 24th, December. 【答案】A 【解析】 【原文】W: I’d like to take some boxing classes here in the sports center. M: Alright. The first session of classes starts on 22nd, December. And there is an introductory class two days earlier. W: OK 第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 6. What’s the woman’s problem? A. Her son gets angry easily. B. Her son is addicted to games. C. Her son doesn’t get on with his friends. 7. What does the man suggest the woman do? A. Ban her son from playing. B. Have a face-to-face talk with her son. C. Help her son balance study and play. 【答案】6. B 7. C 【解析】 【原文】W: Hazzi. My son plays games all the time. I tried to talk to him, but he didn’t listen. M: Teenagers are usually like that. W: I threw away his video games and banned him from playing. My son was very angry and hasn’t talked to me until now. M: I think if you ground your son too much, he will become worse. W: You’re right. He is getting more and more difficult to deal with. M: You can help him balance study and play, so everyone is happy. W: I will try it. Thank you. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 8. What is Alex’s reason for running a marathon? A. To raise money for charity. B. To win a competition. C. To make friends. 9. What type of training plan is Alex following? A. A 10-week intense plan. B. A 16-week gradual plan. C. A 60-week gradual plan. 10. What does Alex find the most challenging in his preparation? A. Diet management. B. The physical training. C. Balancing training and work. 【答案】8. A 9. B 10. C 【解析】 【原文】W: Hi, Alex. I heard you’re training for a marathon. How’s that going? M: Hey, Tina. It’s a big challenge, but I’m enjoying the process, running longer distances each week. W: That’s impressive. What inspired you to run a marathon? M: I’ve always liked running, and I wanted to collect for the local charity. W: Are you following a specific training plan? M: Yes, a 16-week plan with gradual mileage increases and some cross-training. W: Sounds like a solid approach. How do you manage your diet and nutrition? M: I’m focusing more on proteins and carbs, and staying hydrated. Nutrition is key. W: What’s been the most challenging part so far? M: Balancing training and work. Rest is just as important. W: True. I admire your dedication. Best of luck in the marathon! M: Thanks, Tina! I appreciate the support. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 11. What is the main purpose of the book exchange club? A. To sell books. B. To write book reviews. C. To share and discuss books. 12. How often do the book exchange club members meet? A Once a week. B. Once a month. C. Twice a year. 13. What special event is Sarah planning for the book exchange club? A. Author talks. B. Movie nights. C. Literary quizzes. 【答案】11. C 12. B 13. A 【解析】 【原文】M: Sarah, I heard you’re starting a book exchange club. Would you tell me more about it? W: Hi, Josh! Yes, it’s a new project of mine. The idea is to share books with others and discuss them. M: That’s an interesting concept. How does it work? W: People bring books they’ve read and exchange them with others. We then meet monthly to talk about them. M: Sounds like a great way to discover new books. What books are included? W: All books are welcome. We want a wide variety of books to keep it interesting. M: Are you planning any special events for the club? W: Yes, we’re thinking of having author talks and themed reading months. M: How can I join the club? W: Just bring a book to the next meeting. We’d love to have you! M: Count me in! I have plenty of books to share. W: Fantastic! It’s going to be fun. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 14. What are the speakers discussing? A. Building a new playground. B. Creating a community green space. C. Constructing a community center. 15. What features will the initiative include? A. Sports facilities. B. Shopping areas. C. Benches and paths. 16. What are planned for children in the initiative? A. Planting programs. B. Competitive sports leagues. C. Nature-related educational activities. 【答案】14. B 15. C 16. C 【解析】 【原文】M: Olivia, I’m impressed with the initiative to create a green space in our neighborhood. What’s the vision? W: Hi, John! The idea is to transform the vacant lot into a beautiful garden with benches and walking paths. M: That sounds like a peaceful retreat. What kind of plants are we considering? W: We’re focusing on native plants and flowers to attract local wildlife and promote biodiversity. M: That’s very eco-friendly. How are we involving the community? W: We’re organizing planting days and inviting residents to contribute plants or volunteer their time. M: Are there any plans for children’s activities in the green space? W: Absolutely! We’re designing a small play area and will organize nature-related educational activities. M: How can I contribute to this project? W: We’d love help with planting and fund-raising. Every bit of support counts. M: I’m on board. This green space will be a great addition to our community. W: Definitely. It’s all about creating a sustainable and enjoyable environment. 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 17. What kind of person is Captain Hastings? A. Silly. B. Moody. C. Sensible. 18. Which work brought Agatha Christie great success in novels for the first time? A. The Murder of Roger Ackroyd. B. The Mysterious Affair at Styles. C. The Mousetrap. 19. What can we know about Agatha Christie’s plays? A. The number of them is 30. B. They were quite popular. C. They were favoured by her mother. 20. How old was Agatha Christie when she was named a Dame of the British Empire? A. 70 years old. B. 81 years old. C. 85 years old. 【答案】17. A 18. A 19. B 20. B 【解析】 【原文】W: Agatha Christie was the best-selling mystery writer of all time. She wrote ninety-three books and seventeen plays. The daughter of an American father and a British mother, Christie was born at Torquay in the United Kingdom in 1890. Her family was comfortable, although not wealthy. She was educated at home, with later studies in Paris, France. In Christie’s first book, The Mysterious Affair at Styles (1920), she introduced one of her two best-known detectives, Hercule Poirot, Poirot is a committed spokesman for an unemotional approach to solving mysteries. Poirot’s companion, Captain Hastings is a retired military man who is too trusting and often foolish. The year 1926 was an important one for Christie. It saw the publication of her first hugely successful novel, The Murder of Roger Ackroyd, in which the narrator is the murderer. It was also a year of personal tragedy. Christie’s mother died in 1926. Christie wrote several works in addition to her fiction, including seventeen well-liked plays. The Mousetrap opened in London in 1952 and was a huge success, playing there for over thirty years. In 1971 Christie was named a Dame Commander of the British Empire. 第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A During the summer months, June to August, the City of Phoenix sets aside time for turf (草皮) recovery, improvements and maintenance of athletic fields. Fields that remain open for reservations are limited. To see what fields are open for reservation, please click here. Reservation Guidelines: ● Reservations may be made online, or in-person at most Phoenix parks and recreation community centers and administrative offices. ● A maximum of four hours of total field time may be on reserve at any one time. Reservation blocks are 2 hours and made on the even hours. Most lighted athletic fields are available to book from 4 pm to 10 pm Monday through Friday and on weekends from 8 am to 10 pm. Athletic fields without lights are available from 4 pm to 6 pm only. ● Reservations must be made a minimum of three days in advance, and a maximum of 30 days in advance of use. Youth rates apply only when all team members are 17 years old or younger. ● A reservation guarantees exclusive use of the field. ● Services and equipment, such as setting bases or soccer goal nets, are not provided. ● Sports organizations with 4 or more teams are eligible to apply for seasonal field allocations. Cancelation Policy: In order to receive a refund, cancelation of a reservation is required three days prior to the reservation date. Athletic Field Fees: Adult Reservations: ● Resident: $17 per hour ● Non-Resident: 25 per hour Youth Reservations: ● Resident: $6 per hour ● Non-Resident: $10 per hour Light Fees: ● A$5 hourly fee for lights will be charged for night time activities (6 pm to 10 pm) Determining Residency: The address of the individual who makes the reservation is used to determine residency. A non-resident is an individual who does not reside within a City of Phoenix council district. 21. What is the main purpose of the summer update mentioned in the text? A. To encourage more field reservations. B. To inform about turf maintenance. C. To announce new sports events. D. To change reservation guidelines. 22. When can most lighted athletic fields be reserved during weekdays? A. 4 pm to 6 pm. B. 6 pm to 8 pm. C. 4 pm to 10 pm. D. 8 am to 10 pm. 23. What is the focus of the text? A. Benefits of field reservations. B. New sports facilities in Phoenix. C. Upcoming sports events in the city. D. Guidelines for renting athletic fields. 【答案】21. B 22. C 23. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍了夏季（6月至8月）期间，凤凰城关于运动场地草皮维护情况、场地预订指南、取消政策、费用以及居民身份认定等相关信息。 【21题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“During the summer months, June to August, the City of Phoenix sets aside time for turf (草皮) recovery, improvements and maintenance of athletic fields. Fields that remain open for reservations are limited. To see what fields are open for reservation, please click here.(在6月至8月的夏季期间，凤凰城会留出时间用于运动场地的草皮恢复、改善和维护。可供预订的场地有限。要查看哪些场地可供预订，请点击此处。)”可知，文章开头提到夏季更新的主要目的是告知草皮维护的相关信息，从而引出后续关于场地预订的内容。故选B项。 【22题详解】 细节理解题。根据Reservation Guidelines部分“Most lighted athletic fields are available to book from 4 pm to 10 pm Monday through Friday and on weekends from 8 am to 10 pm.(大多数有照明的运动场地可在周一至周五的下午4点至晚上10点以及周末的上午 8 点至晚上 10 点预订。)”可知，在工作日，大多数有照明的运动场地可在下午4点至晚上10 点预订。故选C项。 【23题详解】 主旨大意题。根据首段中的“During the summer months, June to August, the City of Phoenix sets aside time for turf (草皮) recovery, improvements and maintenance of athletic fields. Fields that remain open for reservations are limited. To see what fields are open for reservation, please click here.(在夏季月份（6月至8月），凤凰市政府会专门留出时间用于草皮恢复、运动场地的改善和维护。在此期间，仍然开放预订的场地是有限的。要查看哪些场地可以预订，请点击此处。)”可知，文章开头提到夏季更新的主要目的是告知草皮维护的相关信息，从而引出后续关于场地预订的内容，包括预订方式、时间限制、提前预订天数、费用、取消政策以及居民身份认定等预订指南相关内容，由此可知，本文主要介绍的是租用运动场地的指南。故选D项。 B It was my first conference as a PhD candidate, and the atmosphere should have thrilled me. It was a chance to showcase my work and build connections. Yet I found myself hanging by the coffee station, rehearsing potential conversations in my head but never moving beyond a smile. I wanted to connect but feared seeming awkward, or, worse, irrelevant. By the end of the day, my business cards were still in my pocket, untouched. I was relieved it was over — and regretted that I had missed yet another opportunity to build relationships that could enrich my research and personal growth. When I started my PhD and saw researchers engaged in multiple collaborations and publishing frequently, I realized that purposeful and meaningful networking had helped their accomplishments. If I wanted to succeed in academia, I would need to actively develop networking habits. It wasn’t easy. I went into that conference with the best of intentions, and still came up empty. My lab mate, on the other hand, walked away with an invitation from a well-known research team to co-author a working paper, simply by starting up a casual chat. I stood there, right beside her — and yet, I let the moment slip by. That’s when it hit me: Networking wasn’t about impressing everyone in the room. It was about speaking up and finding value in even the smallest exchanges. I’d been waiting for the perfect words, the ideal opening, the “right” moment — but I realized those moments rarely arrived on their own. The crucial point was to let go of perfection and instead seek connection. I dove in. I took every opportunity to attend events. My palms would sweat and I’d lose my train of thought. My voice would occasionally tremble. But I kept showing up, determined to push through, hoping eventually it would start to feel natural. And it did. Looking back, I see that the real challenge wasn’t the act of networking itself, but letting go of the fear of not doing it “right”. By shifting my mindset from perfection to connection, I’ve begun to enjoy the process. 24. How did the author feel at her first conference as a PhD candidate? A. Excited and confident. B. Proud and satisfied. C. Relaxed and enthusiastic. D. Nervous and hesitant. 25. Why did the author mention her lab mate in paragraph 2? A. To display how to start up a casual chat. B. To highlight the importance of networking. C. To show the role of labs in academic success. D. To demonstrate where to find a famous research team. 26. How did the author make progress in networking? A. By organising as many events as possible. B. By asking for suggestions from her lab mate. C. By preparing perfect words and the ideal opening. D. By abandoning perfectionism and seeking connection. 27. What can we learn from the author’s experience? A. Networking is easy for PhD candidates. B. Anyone can learn to enjoy networking. C. Networking begins with impressing others. D. Choosing a team matters a lot in academia. 【答案】24. D 25. B 26. D 27. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要介绍了作者作为博士生参加首次会议时在社交方面的紧张犹豫，之后意识到社交的重要性并克服恐惧、取得进步的经历。 【24题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Yet I found myself hanging by the coffee station, rehearsing potential conversations in my head but never moving beyond a smile. I wanted to connect but feared seeming awkward, or, worse, irrelevant.(然而，我发现自己在咖啡站附近徘徊，在脑海中排练着可能的对话，但除了微笑之外，什么也没做。我想与人交流，但又害怕显得尴尬，或者更糟糕的是，觉得自己无关紧要。)”可知，作者在首次作为博士生参加的会议上既紧张又犹豫，不敢与人交流。故选D项。 【25题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“My lab mate, on the other hand, walked away with an invitation from a well-known research team to co-author a working paper, simply by starting up a casual chat. I stood there, right beside her — and yet, I let the moment slip by.(另一方面，我的实验室伙伴仅仅通过开始一次随意的聊天，就得到了一个知名研究团队的邀请，共同撰写一篇工作论文。我就站在她旁边 —— 然而，我却让这个机会溜走了。)”可知，作者提到她的实验室伙伴是为了通过对比，突出社交的重要性。故选B项。 【26题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“That’s when it hit me: Networking wasn’t about impressing everyone in the room. It was about speaking up and finding value in even the smallest exchanges. I’d been waiting for the perfect words, the ideal opening, the “right” moment — but I realized those moments rarely arrived on their own. The crucial point was to let go of perfection and instead seek connection.(就在那时我突然意识到：社交不是为了给房间里的每个人留下深刻印象。而是要敢于表达，甚至在最小的交流中找到价值。我一直在等待完美的言辞、理想的开场白、“合适” 的时机——但我意识到这些时刻很少会自己到来。关键是要放下完美主义，转而寻求交流。)”以及第四段中的“I dove in. I took every opportunity to attend events. My palms would sweat and I’d lose my train of thought. My voice would occasionally tremble. But I kept showing up, determined to push through, hoping eventually it would start to feel natural. And it did.(我全身心投入。我抓住每一个机会参加活动。我的手掌会出汗，思路会中断。我的声音偶尔会颤抖。但我坚持参加，决心克服困难，希望最终这一切会变得自然。而事实也确实如此。)”可知，作者通过放弃完美主义并寻求交流在社交方面取得了进步。故选D项。 【27题详解】 推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是根据最后一段“Looking back, I see that the real challenge wasn’t the act of networking itself, but letting go of the fear of not doing it “right”. By shifting my mindset from perfection to connection, I’ve begun to enjoy the process.(回首往事，我发现真正的挑战不是社交本身，而是放下对不能“正确”进行社交的恐惧。通过将我的心态从追求完美转变为寻求交流，我开始享受这个过程。)”可知，作者通过克服对社交的恐惧，转变心态，最终学会了享受社交，由此可推断出任何人都可以学会享受社交。故选B项。 C Fasting (禁食) has previously been suggested as a useful approach for preventing or managing chronic diseases such as cancer, obesity and heart disease—but results from mouse studies show long-term fasts may hurt the immune system. Filip Swirski at the Icahn School of Medicine in New York and his colleagues analyzed blood and tissue samples from five mice without access to food for 24 hours. Blood tests comparing these mice with those given a regular diet showed that, on average, the fasting mice had less than 10 per cent of the number of monocytes—a type of white blood cell that helps fight infections and organizes other immune cells to treat injury. “These are the cells that are really critical foot soldiers of the immune system,” says Swirski. The researchers found the decrease was due to monocytes moving from the blood to the bone marrow (骨髓), where they essentially hibernated, he says. When the fasting mice were given food again, monocytes rushed back into their bloodstream. “So, upon re-feeding, what we see is an increase of monocytes,” says Swirski. Compared with mice that continued to fast or those that never fasted, these mice had nearly four times as many monocytes in their blood, on average. To understand how this affected immunity, Swirski and his team injected (注射) 45 mice with a type of bacteria that infects the lungs. Twenty-three of the mice fasted for 24 hours before the injection. The researchers then allowed them to access food. After 72 hours, nearly 90 per cent of the mice that fasted died, while about 60 per cent of the mice that never fasted died. The mice on restricted diets also had greater levels of inflammation, suggesting that long periods of fasting damage immune responses. However, Satchidananda Panda at the Salk Institute for Biological Studies in California says that most common fasting rules for humans don’t last 24 hours. In fact, his own research has shown that a 15-hour fast improves immunity in mice. Even so, Swirski says these findings are important for how we think about the duration and implications of fasting. “Like so many things in life, balance is important. So, what may be beneficial in one way could have an unexpected negative effect in another,” he says. 28. What happened to the monocytes during fasting? A. They increased in the blood. B. They moved to the bone marrow. C. They transformed into other types of cells. D. They were destroyed by the immune system. 29. According to the study, what happened to mice on a 24-hour fast when exposed to bacteria? A. They showed increased inflammation. B. They developed stronger immunity. C. They died quickly. D. They had no response. 30. What was Satchidananda Panda’s view on fasting? A. It’s effective for over 24 hours. B. Shorter fasts can be beneficial. C. Fasting has no real benefits. D. Only long-term fasting is harmful. 31. What overall conclusion can be drawn from the text about fasting? A. It consistently improves health. B. Its effects are dependent on duration. C. It has no impact on the immune system. D. Only negative outcomes are associated with it. 【答案】28. B 29. A 30. B 31. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文，主要讲述了关于禁食的研究，老鼠研究结果表明长期禁食可能会损害免疫系统，但也有研究表明较短时间的禁食可能会提高免疫力，强调了禁食的效果与持续时间有关。 【28题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第三段“The researchers found the decrease was due to monocytes moving from the blood to the bone marrow (骨髓), where they essentially hibernated, he says(他说，研究人员发现数量减少是因为单核细胞从血液中转移到了骨髓，在那里它们基本上处于休眠状态)”可知，在禁食期间，单核细胞转移到了骨髓。故选B项。 【29题详解】 细节理解题。根据原文第五段“The mice on restricted diets also had greater levels of inflammation, suggesting that long periods of fasting damage immune responses(禁食的老鼠也有更高程度的炎症，这表明长时间禁食会损害免疫反应)”可知，禁食24小时后接触细菌的老鼠表现出炎症增加。故选A项。 【30题详解】 推理判断题。根据原文最后一段“In fact, his own research has shown that a 15-hour fast improves immunity in mice(事实上，他自己的研究表明，禁食15小时可以提高老鼠的免疫力)”可知，禁食15小时可以提高老鼠的免疫力，可推理出Satchidananda Panda认为较短时间的禁食是有益的。故选B项。 【31题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“Fasting (禁食) has previously been suggested as a useful approach for preventing or managing chronic diseases such as cancer, obesity and heart disease—but results from mouse studies show long-term fasts may hurt the immune system(禁食曾被认为有助于预防或管理癌症、肥胖和心脏病等慢性疾病，但小鼠研究的结果显示，长期禁食可能会损害免疫系统)”、第二段“Filip Swirski at the Icahn School of Medicine in New York and his colleagues analyzed blood and tissue samples from five mice without access to food for 24 hours. Blood tests comparing these mice with those given a regular diet showed that, on average, the fasting mice had less than 10 per cent of the number of monocytes—a type of white blood cell that helps fight infections and organizes other immune cells to treat injury(纽约伊坎医学院的Filip Swirski及其同事对5只24小时未进食的小鼠的血液和组织样本进行了分析。将这些小鼠与正常饮食的小鼠进行血液检测对比后发现，禁食的小鼠体内单核细胞的平均数量不到正常值的10%。单核细胞是一种有助于抵抗感染并组织其他免疫细胞处理损伤的白细胞)”以及最后一段“However, Satchidananda Panda at the Salk Institute for Biological Studies in California says that most common fasting rules for humans don’t last 24 hours. In fact, his own research has shown that a 15-hour fast improves immunity in mice. Even so, Swirski says these findings are important for how we think about the duration and implications of fasting. “Like so many things in life, balance is important. So, what may be beneficial in one way could have an unexpected negative effect in another,” he says.(然而，加州索尔克生物研究所的萨提达南达·潘达（Satchidananda Panda）表示，人类最常见的禁食规则通常不会持续24小时。事实上，他自己的研究已经表明，15小时的禁食能够提高小鼠的免疫力。即便如此，斯维斯基（Swirski）认为这些发现对于人们思考禁食的时长及其影响至关重要。他说：“就像生活中的许多事情一样，平衡很重要。因此，某方面有益的事物可能在另一方面产生意想不到的负面效果。”)”可知，原文开头提到长期禁食可能损害免疫系统，接着介绍了老鼠禁食实验的情况，后面又提到 Satchidananda Panda的研究表明短时间禁食可提高免疫力，最后Swirski说平衡很重要，一种方式可能有益，另一种方式可能有意外的负面影响。可推理出关于禁食的总体结论是其效果取决于持续时间。故选B项。 D The old saying goes that if you give an infinite (无限的) number of monkeys an infinite amount of time to hit random keys on a typewriter, one of them will eventually type out the complete works of William Shakespeare, which is known as the Infinite Monkey Theorem. However, according to a new paper in the journal Franklin Open, there is not enough time left in the universe’s entire lifespan for all the chimps alive today to write out the works of the poet. “The long-established result of the Infinite Monkey Theorem is correct, but misleading,” the University of Technology Sydney researchers wrote in the paper. “Meaningful text generation during the lifespan of our universe is almost infeasible.” The “heat death” theory suggests the universe will end over 100,000 billion years as it expands and energy equally spreads, leaving no usable energy. Currently at 13.8 billion years old, we have a vast time ahead. Yet, even this may not be enough for random monkeys to copy Shakespeare’s works, according to new research. In the study, the researchers calculated how likely it would be for a given string of characters to be typed by one of a finite number of monkeys. They assumed that the keyboard contained 30 keys of English characters and punctuation marks, a finite number of 200,000 monkeys — based on the current population of chimpanzee — and a typing rate of one key per monkey per second for the rest of the universe’s lifetime. They discovered that, using these assumptions, it is extremely unlikely that all words of Shakespeare’s works will be typed before the heat death of the universe. In fact, there is only a 5 percent chance that one of the monkeys would even get around to typing the single word “bananas” within its own lifetime. “This finding places the theorem among other probability puzzles and paradoxes (悖论) — such as the St Petersburg paradox, Zeno’s paradox, and the Ross-Littlewood paradox — where using the idea of infinite resources gives the results that don’t match up with what we get when we consider the limitation of our universe,” said Woodcock, a professor at the University of Technology Sydney. 32. What is the Infinite Monkey Theorem about? A. A cultural trend. B. A probability principle. C. A literature assumption. D. A psychology phenomenon. 33. What does the underlined word “infeasible” in paragraph 2 probably mean? A. Impossible. B. Deep-rooted. C. Valueless. D. Far-reaching. 34. What is the basis of the research? A. Power of randomness. B. Infinite resources and time. C. Realistic estimates of time and resources. D. Faith in Shakespeare’s works’ complexity. 35. What is Woodcock’s attitude toward the finding of the study? A. Doubtful. B. Dismissive. C. Ambiguous. D. Positive. 【答案】32. B 33. A 34. C 35. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了无限猴子定理，以及根据新研究发现，在宇宙的生命周期内，让猴子随机打出莎士比亚的作品几乎是不可能的，并探讨了该研究的依据和意义。 【32题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“The old saying goes that if you give an infinite (无限的) number of monkeys an infinite amount of time to hit random keys on a typewriter, one of them will eventually type out the complete works of William Shakespeare, which is known as the Infinite Monkey Theorem.(俗话说，如果你给无限数量的猴子无限的时间在打字机上随机敲击按键，它们中的一只最终会打出威廉・莎士比亚的全部作品，这就是所谓的无限猴子定理。)”可知，无限猴子定理是关于在一定条件下（无限猴子和无限时间）出现某种结果（打出莎士比亚作品）的概率问题，所以它是一个概率原理。故选B项。 【33题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第二段中的“However, according to a new paper in the journal Franklin Open, there is not enough time left in the universe’s entire lifespan for all the chimps alive today to write out the works of the poet. “The long-established result of the Infinite Monkey Theorem is correct, but misleading,” the University of Technology Sydney researchers wrote in the paper.(然而，根据《富兰克林开放》杂志上的一篇新论文，在宇宙的整个生命周期内，没有足够的时间让今天所有活着的黑猩猩写出这位诗人的作品。悉尼科技大学的研究人员在论文中写道：“无限猴子定理长期以来的结果是正确的，但具有误导性。”)”可知，因为在宇宙的生命周期内没有足够时间让黑猩猩写出莎士比亚的作品，所以生成有意义的文本几乎是不可能的，由此可知，划线单词的意思与“不可能的”意义相近。故选A项。 【34题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段中的“In the study, the researchers calculated how likely it would be for a given string of characters to be typed by one of a finite number of monkeys. They assumed that the keyboard contained 30 keys of English characters and punctuation marks, a finite number of 200,000 monkeys — based on the current population of chimpanzee — and a typing rate of one key per monkey per second for the rest of the universe’s lifetime.( 在这项研究中，研究人员计算了有限数量的猴子中的一只打出给定字符串的可能性。他们假设键盘上有 30 个英文字符和标点符号键，基于目前黑猩猩的数量，假设有有限数量的 20 万只猴子，并且在宇宙的剩余生命周期内，每只猴子每秒敲击一个键。)”可知，研究人员考虑了宇宙的寿命和现有猴子的数量，从而得出猴子敲出莎士比亚作品集是几乎不可能的结论，由此可知，该研究的立足点是运用现实的时间估计和资源假设。故选C项。 【35题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段““This finding places the theorem among other probability puzzles and paradoxes (悖论) — such as the St Petersburg paradox, Zeno’s paradox, and the Ross-Littlewood paradox — where using the idea of infinite resources gives the results that don’t match up with what we get when we consider the limitation of our universe,” said Woodcock, a professor at the University of Technology Sydney.(悉尼科技大学教授伍德科克说：“这一发现将该定理置于其他概率谜题和悖论之中——比如圣彼得堡悖论、芝诺悖论和罗斯 - 利特尔伍德悖论——在这些悖论中，使用无限资源的概念得出的结果与我们考虑宇宙的局限性时得到的结果不相符。”)”可知，伍德科克认为这一发现将无限猴子定理与其他著名的概率谜题和悖论相提并论，并且揭示了无限资源概念与考虑宇宙局限性时的差异，所以他对这项研究的发现持积极态度。故选D项。 第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 If there’s one thing colleges know, it’s where the jobs are. Here are some areas to study. ____36____ The first one is electricians. Electricians are in short supply, even without considering the increase in electricians needed to electrify the economy. ____37____ Putting up, say, an apartment building can require up to 40. The field is so full of opportunity that some colleges have started teaching evening classes to graduate more electrician students per year. ____38____ Students can try different trades, like the electrical one, and move directly from the program to an apprenticeship (学徒工作). Artificial intelligence (AI) is another hot field. Twenty years ago, there were few opportunities to explore a career in artificial intelligence. ____39____ Between 2015 and 2019, there was a 270 per cent increase in the number of businesses implementing AI processes worldwide. The technology’s capabilities are wide-ranging. It can help teachers streamline their work by updating courses, recommending content and suggesting ways to bridge knowledge gaps for students. In the business world, AI has transformed supply chain management. ____40____ Just a few years ago, imagining e-sports (or electronic sports) as a proper college program was almost unthinkable. Video games were seen as a vice, not a job. Fast forward to 2025: Quite a few colleges have not only launched e-sports management programs but even built e-sports arenas to take advantage of the lively industry. Globally, the video game industry is bigger than the movie and music industries combined. Revenue from e-sports events is predicted to grow to more than $1.8 billion globally by 2026. A. Others are offering free exploration programs. B. Building almost any home requires an electrician. C. However, the technology has quickly advanced in the last decade. D. They practically guarantee a hire and help create a better future too. E. Game shows become popular thanks to new management programs. F. E-sports management is also a rapidly growing field with great opportunities. G. Some colleges, like Centennial College, offer pathways to promising careers. 【答案】36. D 37. B 38. A 39. C 40. F 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。大学熟知就业方向，文中介绍电工、人工智能、电子竞技管理等热门学习领域及发展前景。 【36题详解】 上文“If there’s one thing colleges know, it’s where the jobs are. Here are some areas to study.(如果说大学有一件事是知道的，那就是工作在哪里。这里有一些值得学习的领域。)”提到大学知道工作的方向以及有一些可学习领域，D选项They practically guarantee a hire and help create a better future too.(它们实际上保证了被雇佣，也有助于创造一个更美好的未来。)中的they指代上文提到的areas to study，且说明了学习这些领域的好处，承接上文，符合语境。故选D。 【37题详解】 上文“Electricians are in short supply, even without considering the increase in electricians needed to electrify the economy.(电工供不应求，即使不考虑为经济电气化所需增加的电工数量。)”指出电工短缺的情况，下文“Putting up, say, an apartment building can require up to 40.(比如说，建造一座公寓楼可能需要多达 40 名电工。)”举例说明建筑对电工的需求，B选项Building almost any home requires an electrician.(几乎建造任何一所房子都需要一名电工。)承上启下，进一步说明了电工在建筑方面的需求，符合语境。故选B。 【38题详解】 上文“The field is so full of opportunity that some colleges have started teaching evening classes to graduate more electrician students per year.(这个领域充满了机会，以至于一些大学已经开始开设夜校，以便每年培养出更多的电工专业学生。)”提到一些大学为培养电工学生采取的措施，A选项Others are offering free exploration programs.(其他大学则提供免费的探索课程。)中的others与上文的some colleges形成呼应，且继续介绍了其他大学在培养电工学生方面的举措，符合语境。故选A。 39题详解】 上文“Twenty years ago, there were few opportunities to explore a career in artificial intelligence.(二十年前，几乎没有机会探索人工智能领域的职业。)”说二十年前人工智能职业机会少，下文“Between 2015 and 2019, there was a 270 per cent increase in the number of businesses implementing AI processes worldwide.(2015年至2019年间，全球实施人工智能流程的企业数量增长了 270%。)”表明近年来人工智能发展迅速，C选项However, the technology has quickly advanced in the last decade.(然而，在过去十年里，这项技术发展迅速。)中的However表示转折，承接上文并引出下文，符合语境。故选C。 【40题详解】 根据下文“Just a few years ago, imagining e-sports (or electronic sports) as a proper college program was almost unthinkable. Video games were seen as a vice, not a job. Fast forward to 2025: Quite a few colleges have not only launched e-sports management programs but even built e-sports arenas to take advantage of the lively industry.(就在几年前，把电子竞技想象成一个合适的大学课程几乎是不可想象的。电子游戏曾被视为一种恶习，而不是一份工作。快进到 2025 年：相当多的大学不仅开设了电子竞技管理课程，甚至还建造了电子竞技场馆，以利用这个蓬勃发展的行业。)”可知，此段主要讲电子竞技管理领域的发展，F选项E-sports management is also a rapidly growing field with great opportunities.(电子竞技管理也是一个快速发展且机会众多的领域。)作为段落首句，引出下文关于电子竞技管理的内容，符合语境。故选F。 第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 I was a 19-year-old girl. On a cold autumn morning, I was standing on a rugby pitch when a coach told me something that ____41____ my life. Weeks earlier, I was lucky to find my ____42____ to the women’s rugby club on my college campus and began my first practice. Although I was not an athlete, I was ____43____ as I was training hard with sweat flowing from my face. ____44____, I was interested in rugby then. At first, I was ____45____ about the rules: You can only pass backward? What?! How was I offside? I couldn’t keep up and I had twisted my ankle. All of that ____46____ in a crisis of confidence and that fateful ____47____ with my coach. I approached her, trembling, and asked, “Am I too ____48____ at this? Should I keep at it? I don’t want to ____49____ the whole team.” Hearing those, she gave me a _____50_____ and priceless gift, saying, “Amy, it’s up to you.” Looking back, it was a defining ____51____ — when I started placing more importance on what I enjoyed and wanted, as opposed to what others ____52____ or thought of me. I felt like I could suddenly move mountains. Later on, I traveled around to play matches and those ____53____ took me all over the world and I made friends in rugby. After 16 years, I started a family and stopped playing, but I remained a ____54____. So far, I’ve made it only to the sidelines, cheering on my 11-year-old as she ____55____ up the sport. 41. A. saved B. ruined C. shaped D. represented 42. A. way B. risk C. reason D. state 43. A. worried B. excited C. surprised D. ashamed 44. A. Carefully B. Suddenly C. Obviously D. Fortunately 45. A. discouraged B. scared C. annoyed D. confused 46. A. ended B. returned C. approached D. repeated 47. A. mistake B. conversation C. competition D. cooperation 48. A. lucky B. disappointed C. good D. terrible 49. A. bring down B. cheer up C. laugh at D. believe in 50. A. cheap B. worn C. lasting D. handmade 51. A. choice B. moment C. discovery D. influence 52. A. informed B. indicated C. decided D. expected 53. A. games B. rules C. awards D. brands 54. A. stranger B. conductor C. supporter D. neighbor 55. A. sets B. takes C. packs D. faces 【答案】41. C 42. A 43. B 44. C 45. D 46. A 47. B 48. D 49. A 50. C 51. B 52. D 53. A 54. C 55. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要介绍的是作者19通过橄榄球运动找到自我价值，并传承这份热爱给下一代的故事。 【41题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在一个寒冷的秋日早晨，我站在橄榄球场上，一位教练告诉我一些话，这些话塑造了我的人生。A. saved拯救；B. ruined毁坏；C. shaped塑造；D. represented代表。根据下文“Looking back, it was a defining ____11___ — when I started placing more importance on what I enjoyed and wanted, as opposed to what others ____12____ or thought of me.”可知，教练的话对作者产生了深远影响，让作者开始重视自己的喜好和需求，所以教练的话“塑造”了作者的人生。故选C项。 【42题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：几周前，我幸运地找到了进入大学校园女子橄榄球俱乐部的路，开始了我的第一次训练。A. way路，方式；B. risk风险；C. reason原因；D. state状态。根据上文的“Weeks earlier, I was lucky”可知，作者感到很幸运，结合下文的“and began my first practice.”可知，作者对自己能找到进入女子橄榄球俱乐部的“路”而感到幸运，find one’s way to表示“找到去……的路”，符合语境。故选A项。 【43题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：虽然我不是运动员，但当我正在努力训练，汗水从脸上流下时我很兴奋。A. worried担心的；B. excited兴奋的；C. surprised惊讶的；D. ashamed羞愧的。根据下文的“as I was training hard with sweat flowing from my face. ____4____ , I was interested in rugby then.”可知，作者努力训练且对橄榄球感兴趣，所以应该是“兴奋的”符合语境。故选B项。 【44题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：很明显，那时我对橄榄球很感兴趣。A. Carefully仔细地；B. Suddenly突然地；C. Obviously明显地；D. Fortunately幸运地。根据上文 “Although I was not an athlete, I was ____3____ as I was training hard with sweat flowing from my face.”可知，作者努力训练，所以此处指的是“很明显”对橄榄球感兴趣。故选C项。 【45题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一开始，我对规则感到困惑：你只能向后传球？什么？！我怎么越位了？A. discouraged气馁的；B. scared害怕的；C. annoyed恼怒的；D. confused困惑的。根据下文的“You can only pass backward? What?! How was I offside?”可知，作者对橄榄球的规则有很多疑问，所以是“困惑的”符合语境。故选D项。 【46题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：所有这些都以信心危机和与教练的那次决定性的谈话告终。A. ended结束；B. returned返回；C. approached接近；D. repeated重复。根据上文的“At first, I was ____5____ about the rules: You can only pass backward? What?! How was I offside? I couldn’t keep up and I had twisted my ankle.”可知，作者对规则的困惑、跟不上训练以及扭伤脚踝等情况最终“导致”了信心危机，end in表示“以……告终”，符合语境。故选A项。 【47题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：所有这些都以信心危机和与教练的那次决定性的谈话告终。A. mistake错误；B. conversation谈话；C. competition竞争；D. cooperation合作。根据下文“I approached her, trembling, and asked, “Am I too ____8____ at this? Should I keep at it? I don’t want to ____9____ the whole team.” Hearing those, she gave me a ____10____ and priceless gift, saying, “Amy, it’s up to you.””可知，作者和教练进行了“谈话”。故选B项。 【48题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我颤抖着走近她，问道：“我在这方面是不是太糟糕了？我应该坚持下去吗？我不想拖整个团队的后腿。”A. lucky幸运的；B. disappointed失望的；C. good好的；D. terrible糟糕的。根据上文“At first, I was ____5____ about the rules: You can only pass backward? What?! How was I offside? I couldn’t keep up and I had twisted my ankle.”可知，作者遇到的各种困难，结合下文的“Should I keep at it?”可知，作者对自己的表现不自信，觉得自己在橄榄球方面“糟糕”符合语境。故选D项。 【49题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：我颤抖着走近她，问道：“我在这方面是不是太糟糕了？我应该坚持下去吗？我不想拖整个团队的后腿。”A. bring down使下降，拖垮；B. cheer up使高兴；C. laugh at嘲笑；D. believe in相信。根据上文“Am I too ____8____ at this? Should I keep at it?”可知，作者对自己表现的不自信，结合下文的“the whole team”可知，作者担心自己会“拖整个团队的后腿”。故选A项。 【50题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：听到这些，她给了我一份持久且无价的礼物，说：“艾米，这取决于你。”A. cheap便宜的；B. worn用旧的；C. lasting持久的；D. handmade手工制作的。根据下文的“and priceless gift”以及“Looking back, it was a defining ____11____ — when I started placing more importance on what I enjoyed and wanted, as opposed to what others ____12____ or thought of me. I felt like I could suddenly move mountains.”可知，教练的话对作者产生了深远影响，所以是“持久的”礼物。故选C项。 【51题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：回首往事，那是一个决定性的时刻——那时我开始更加重视我喜欢和想要的东西，而不是别人期望或对我的看法。A. choice选择；B. moment时刻；C. discovery发现；D. influence影响。根据下文的“when I started placing more importance on what I enjoyed and wanted, as opposed to what others ___12____ or thought of me.”可知，这是作者回忆当时教练和自己谈话后的一个“时刻”，这个时刻让作者开始改变。故选B项。 【52题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：回首往事，那是一个决定性的时刻——那时我开始更加重视我喜欢和想要的东西，而不是别人期望或对我的看法。A. informed通知；B. indicated表明；C. decided决定；D. expected期望。根据上文的“when I started placing more importance on what I enjoyed and wanted, as opposed to”以及下文的“or thought of me.”可知，此处与“我喜欢和想要的东西”形成对比，应该是别人“期望”的东西。故选D项。 【53题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：后来，我四处旅行去参加比赛，那些比赛带我走遍了世界各地，我在橄榄球运动中结交了朋友。A. games比赛；B. rules规则；C. awards奖品；D. brands品牌。根据上文的“Later on, I traveled around to play matches”可知，作者四处旅行参加“比赛”，这些“比赛”让作者走遍世界并结交朋友。故选A项。 【54题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：16年后，我组建了家庭，不再打球了，但我仍然是一个支持者。A. stranger陌生人；B. conductor指挥；C. supporter支持者；D. neighbor邻居。根据下文的“So far, I’ve made it only to the sidelines, cheering on my 11-year-old as she ___15____ up the sport.”可知，作者虽然不再打球，但会在一旁为女儿加油，所以仍然是一个“支持者”符合语境。故选C项。 【55题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：到目前为止，我只是站在场边，为我11岁的女儿加油，因为她开始从事这项运动。A. sets up建立；B. takes up开始从事；C. packs up打包；D. faces up面对。根据上文的“cheering on my 11-year-old”以及“the sport”可知，作者为女儿加油，是因为女儿“开始从事”橄榄球这项运动。故选B项。 第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Zhang Dagian may not be a household name in the West ____56____ in China — and the global art market at large — he is on par with the likes of Warhol and Monet. A master of classical Chinese painting ____57____ later reimagined modern art, Zhang’s work spanned traditions from ink landscapes to abstraction. Dozens of years after his death, Zhang’s painting Landscape after Wang Ximeng became his most expensive work ever ____58____ (sell) at auction, fetching $47 million at Sotheby’s in Hong Kong. The artist’s work ____59____ (generate) more than $354 million at auction in 2016, exceeding any other artist — dead or alive — in the world that year, according to an annual ranking ____60____ (produce) by the Artprice database. Last year, he finished 6th in that same list, ahead of market heavyweights like Vincent van Gogh and Banksy. This may only be the tip of ____61____ iceberg, said San Francisco State University art professor Mark Johnson. “There’s been a quick escalation in value as his genius is more widely recognized,” said Johnson, who co-curated a 2019 exhibition of Zhang’s work at San Francisco’s Asian Art Museum, in a phone interview. “I think prices ____62____ (double) soon,” he added, saying that “____63____ (ignore)” about Zhang among Western museums and collectors is keeping prices “____64____ (relative) low”. “There’s no question that Zhang Daqian is one of the most important artists of the 20th century. His work referenced global culture and, at the same time, was deeply embedded in Chinese classical culture,” Johnson said, _____65_____ (call) him the “first really global Chinese artist”. 【答案】56. but 57. who##that 58. to sell 59. generated 60. produced 61. the 62. will double 63. ignorance 64. relatively 65. calling 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了张大千在全球艺术市场的地位、作品拍卖成就及未来价值趋势。 【56题详解】 考查连词。句意：张大千在西方或许并非家喻户晓，但在中国——以及整个全球艺术市场 —— 他与沃霍尔、莫奈等人齐名。此处为连词连接两个句子，结合句意，前后句存在明显转折关系，所以使用连词but连接。故填but。 【57题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：一位重新构想现代艺术的中国古典绘画大师，张大千的作品涵盖从水墨山水到抽象艺术的多种传统风格。此处为关系词引导的定语从句，先行词是A master，指人，关系词在从句中作主语，所以用关系代词who或that。故填who/that。 【58题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：在他去世数十年后，张大千的画作《仿王希孟〈千里江山图〉》成为他有史以来在拍卖会上拍出的最昂贵作品，在香港苏富比拍卖行以4700万美元成交。当名词前有最高级修饰时，常用动词不定式作后置定语，此处work前有最高级most expensive，所以用to sell作后置定语。故填to sell。 【59题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：根据Artprice数据库编制的年度排名，这位艺术家的作品在 2016 年的拍卖总额超过 3.54 亿美元，超过了当年世界上任何一位艺术家（无论在世与否）。此处为谓语动词，根据时间状语in 2016可知，句子描述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时，generate的过去式为generated。故填generated。 【60题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：根据 Artprice 数据库编制的年度排名，这位艺术家的作品在 2016 年的拍卖总额超过 3.54 亿美元，超过了当年世界上任何一位艺术家（无论在世与否）。此处为非谓语动词作定语修饰名词ranking，ranking（排名）与 produce（制作）之间是被动关系，所以用过去分词produced。故填produced。 【61题详解】 考查冠词。句意：旧金山州立大学艺术教授马克・约翰逊表示，这可能只是冰山一角。此处为固定短语the tip of the iceberg，意为“冰山一角”，iceberg在此处为特指，需用定冠词the。故填the。 【62题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：他补充道：“我认为价格很快就会翻倍，”并表示西方博物馆和收藏家对张（的作品）缺乏了解，使得价格仍“相对较低”。 此处为谓语动词，根据时间状语 soon（不久，很快）可知，句子描述的是将来要发生的动作，应用一般将来时，其结构为“will +动词原形”。故填will double。 【63题详解】 考查名词。句意：他补充道：“我认为价格很快就会翻倍，”并表示西方博物馆和收藏家对张（的作品）缺乏了解，使得价格仍“相对较低”。此处需要名词作主语，ignore的名词形式为ignorance，意为“忽视”，且为不可数名词。故填ignorance。 【64题详解】 考查副词。句意：他补充道：“我认为价格很快就会翻倍，”并表示西方博物馆和收藏家对张（的作品）缺乏了解，使得价格仍“相对较低”。此处需要用副词修饰形容词low，relative的副词形式为relatively，意为“相对地”。故填relatively。 【65题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：“他的作品借鉴了全球文化，同时又深深植根于中国古典文化，”约翰逊说，并称他为“第一位真正具有全球影响力的中国艺术家”。句中已有谓语动词said，且无连词连接，call与Johnson之间是主动关系，所以用现在分词calling作状语。故填calling。 第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 66. 假定你是李华，最近你和家人进行了一次乡村旅行。请你给英国朋友Tom写一封邮件分享这次经历，内容包括： (1)你游玩的地方与参加的活动； (2)你的感想。 注意： (1)写作词数应为80个左右； (2)请按如下格式在相应位置作答。 Dear Tom, ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours truly, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Tom, I’m writing to share with you a recent trip to the countryside with my family. We visited a small village surrounded by beautiful fields and green hills. We enjoyed fresh air, picked fruits, and tasted delicious local food, which made the trip even more memorable. The peaceful environment was a nice break from the city’s hustle and bustle. It was a wonderful experience, allowing us to relax and get close to nature. I hope to visit more such places in the future. Yours truly Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达是一封告知信，要求李华给英国朋友Tom分享和家人的乡村旅行经历，包括游玩地方、参加活动以及个人感想。 【详解】词汇积累​ 旅行：trip→ travel for sightseeing 环绕：surrounded by→ encircled by​ 美味的：delicious→ tasty​ 令人难忘的：memorable→ unforgettable 句式拓展​ 同义句改写 原句：I’m writing to share with you a recent trip to the countryside with my family. 拓展句：I am writing to recount a recent sojourn to the countryside, which my family and I embarked upon together. 【点睛】​ 【高分句型1】We visited a small village surrounded by beautiful fields and green hills.（使用了过去分词短语作后置定语）​ 【高分句型2】We enjoyed fresh air, picked fruits, and tasted delicious local food, which made the trip even more memorable.（使用了关系代词which引导的非限制性定语从句） 第二节(满分25分) 67. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 A Daughter’s Gift Sophie was a kind and thoughtful little girl who loved her mom very much. They lived in a house on a quiet street, where they spent their days together, baking cookies, reading stories, and playing in the garden. Sophie’s mom, Mrs Brown, worked hard to provide for their small family, and Sophie wanted to do something special for her mom’s upcoming birthday. One day, while walking home from school, Sophie passed by a small shop with beautiful necklaces displayed in the window. She stopped and gazed at a delicate necklace with a heart-shaped pendant (吊坠). It was perfect for her mom! Sophie knew how much her mom loved jewelry but rarely bought anything for herself. Sophie decided then and there that she would save up to buy the necklace as a birthday gift. Sophie didn’t have much money, but she was determined. She began doing extra chores around the house, helping her neighbors with gardening, and even saving her weekly allowance. Every time she earned a little, she carefully placed the money in a small jar hidden under her bed. As the days passed, the jar slowly filled up, but the necklace was expensive, and Sophie wasn’t sure if she would have enough by the time her mom’s birthday arrived. Despite the challenge, Sophie never gave up. She worked hard and stayed focused on her goal. Each night before bed, she would count the money in the jar, adding up the coins and bills, hoping she was getting closer to her goal. Her mom noticed that Sophie was spending more time helping around the house and asked, “Why are you doing so many chores, Sophie?” Sophie just smiled and said, “I want to help out more, Mom. You do so much for us.” Finally, the day before her mom’s birthday arrived. Sophie counted her money one last time and realized she had just enough to buy the necklace. She felt a rush of excitement. The next morning, she went straight to the shop and purchased the necklace, carefully wrapping it in a small box with a ribbon. 注意： (1)续写词数应为150个左右； (2)请按如下格式在相应位置作答。 That evening, after dinner, Sophie handed the box to her mom. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Mrs Brown hugged Sophie tightly, her heart full of love and pride. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】One possible version: That evening, after dinner, Sophie handed the box to her mom. “Happy birthday, Mom!” she said, her eyes shining with excitement. Mrs Brown was surprised and touched. “Oh, Sophie, you didn’t have to get me anything,” she said, opening the box. When she saw the necklace inside, her eyes were filled with tears. “This is beautiful! How did you afford it?” Sophie smiled proudly and told her mom how she had saved every penny for the necklace. “I wanted to give you something special because you always take care of me and work so hard. You deserve it, Mom.” Mrs Brown hugged Sophie tightly, her heart full of love and pride. “Thank you, Sophie. This is the most beautiful gift I’ve ever received. I will cherish it forever, just like I cherish you.” Sophie beamed with happiness, knowing that her hard work and love had made her mom’s birthday special. From that day on, Mrs Brown wore the necklace every day. The gift was more than just a piece of jewelry — it was a symbol of the love and care that connected them. 【解析】 【导语】本文以亲情为线索，讲述了小女孩索菲（Sophie）为给妈妈布朗夫人（Mrs Brown）准备生日礼物，省吃俭用、努力攒钱购买心仪项链的故事。故事通过细腻描写索菲的行动和心理，展现了她对妈妈深深的爱，续写部分将围绕妈妈收到礼物后的反应以及这份礼物带来的深远意义展开。 【详解】1. 段落续写 ①由第一段首句内容“那天晚上，晚饭后，索菲把盒子递给了妈妈。”可知，第一段可描写索菲将礼物送给妈妈，妈妈打开礼物时惊喜、感动的反应，以及索菲向妈妈解释自己攒钱买礼物的过程。 ②由第二段首句内容“布朗夫人紧紧地拥抱着索菲，她的心里充满了爱和骄傲。”可知，第二段可描写妈妈对索菲表达感谢，强调这份礼物的珍贵意义，以及从那以后这份礼物对母女俩的特殊影响。 2. 续写线索：送礼物——妈妈惊喜感动——索菲解释攒钱过程——妈妈表达感谢——强调礼物意义——礼物对母女的影响 3. 词汇激活 行为类 ①打开：open/unwrap ②照顾：take care of/look after ③珍惜：cherish/treasure 情绪类 ①惊讶的：surprised/amazed ②感动的：touched/moved 【点睛】【高分句型1】“Oh, Sophie, you didn’t have to get me anything,” she said, opening the box.（运用了现在分词短语作状语） 【高分句型2】Sophie smiled proudly and told her mom how she had saved every penny for the necklace.（运用了how引导的宾语从句） 【高分句型3】The gift was more than just a piece of jewelry — it was a symbol of the love and care that connected them.（运用了that引导的定语从句） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $2025年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语模拟测试题第一部分听力第一节听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的ABC3个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题，每段对话仅读一遍。How much should I pay for the medicine? One hundred dollars. Do you have a private medical insurance? IT will cover forty percent of the bill. Oh, I didn't know that. Thanks for letting me know. It's coming. Mom, can't wait. I'm going to go first. Let's go. Mom. wait, luca, the door hasn't been opened yet. Remember what I said? Wait behind the yellow line. Danny has failed the math test again. Por him, he must be very stressed. His parents have high expectation of him. I think he spends too much time on extra curricular activities. He should find the baLance. Taxi, taxi, please take me to this address. Okay, are you new in this town? Yeah, I moved here last week. How do you knew that? Normally people here prefer to take a train rather than a taxi if the distance is long like this? I'd like to take some boxing classes here in the sports center. Oh, right. The first session of classes starts on twenty second december, and there is an introductory class two days earlier. okay. 第一节到此结束，第二节听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的ABC3个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟。听完后各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间，每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段对话，回答第六和第7两个小题。现在你有10秒钟的时间阅读这两个小题。Hazy, my son plays games all the time. I tried to talk to him, but he didn't listen. Teenagers are usually like that. I threw away his video games and banned him from playing. My son was very angry and hasn't talked to me until now. I think if you ground your son too much, he will become worse. You're right. He is getting more and more difficult to deal with. You can help him baLance, study and play, so everyone . is happy. I will try IT. Thank you, Harry. My son plays games all the time. I tried to talk to him, but he didn't listen. Teenagers are usually like that. I threw away his video games and banned him from playing. My son was very angry and hasn't talked to me until now. I think if you ground your son too much, he will become worse. You're right, he is getting more and more difficult to deal with. You can help him baLance a study and play, so everyone . is happy. I will try IT. Thank you. 听下面一段对话，回答第八至第13个小题。现在你有15秒钟的时间阅读这三个小题。Hi alex, I heard your training for a marathon. He's that going. Hey, tina is a big chAllenge, but i'm enjoying the process running longer distances each week. That's impressive. What inspired you to run a marathon? I've always like running, and I wanted to collect for the local charity. Are you following a specific training plan? Yes, a sixteen week plan with gradual mileage increases and some cross training . sounds like a solid approach. How do you manage your diet and nutrition? I'm focusing more on proteins and carbs, and staying hybrided nutrition is key. What's been the most chAllenging part so far? Balancing training and work rest is just as important. true. I admire your dedication. Best of luck in the marathon. Thanks, tina. I appreciate the support. Hi alex, I heard your training for a marathon. How is that going? Hey, tina is a big chAllenge, but i'm enjoying the process running longer distances each week. That's impressive. What inspired you to run a marathon? I've always like running, and I wanted to collect for the local charity. Are you following a specific training plan? Yes, a sixteen week plan with gradual mileage increases and some cross training . sounds like a solid approach. How do you manage your diet and nutrition? I'm focusing more on proteins and carbs and staying hydrated. Nutrition is key. What's been the most chAllenging part so far. balancing training and work rest is just as important. True, I admire your dedication. Best of luck in the marathon. Thanks, tina. I appreciate the support. 听下面一段对话，回答第11至第13 3个小题。现在你有15秒钟的时间阅读这三个小题。Sarah, I heard you were starting a book exchange club. Would you tell me more about IT? Hi, josh. Yes, it's a new project of mine. The idea is to share books with others and discuss them. That's an interesting concept. How does that work? People bring books they've read and exchange them with others. We then meet monthly to talk about them. Sounds like a great way to discover new books. What books are included? All books are welcome. We want a wide variety of books to keep in interesting. Are you planning any special events for the club? Yes, we are thinking of having author talks and theeing reading months. How can I join the club? Just bring a book to the next meeting. We'd love to have you . count me in. I have plenty of books to share. fantastic. It's going to be fun. Sarah, I heard you were starting a book exchange club. Would you tell me more about IT? Hi, josh. Yes, it's a new project of mine. The idea is to share books with others and discuss them. That's an interesting concept. How does that work? People bring books they've read and exchange them with others. We then meet monthly to talk about them. Sounds like a great way to discover new books. What books are included? All books are welcome. We want a wide variety of books to keep in interesting. Are you planning any special events for the club? Yes, we are thinking of having author talks and theeing reading months. How can I join the club? Just bring a book to the next meeting. We'd love to have you . count me in. I have plenty of books to share. fantastic. It's going to be fun. 听下面一段对话，回答第14至第16 3个小题。现在你有15秒钟的时间阅读这三个小题。Olivia, i'm impressed with the initiative to create a Green space in our neighbors. Od, what's the vision? Hi, john. The idea is to transform the vacant lot into a beautiful garden with benches and walking path that . sounds like a peaceful retreat. What kind of plants are we considering? We are focusing on native plants and flowers to attract local wildlife and promote biodiversity. That's very ecofriendly. How are we involving the community? We are organizing planting days and inviting residents to contribute plans or volunteer their time. Are there any plans for children's activities in the Green space? absolutely. We are designing a small play area and will organize nature related educational activities. How can I contribute to this project? We'd love help with planting in fund raising. Every bit of support counts . i'm on board. This Green space will be a great addition to our community. Definitely, it's all about creating a sustainable and enjoyable environment. Olivia, i'm impressed with the initiative to create a Green space in our neighbors. Od, what's the vision? Hi, john. The idea is to transform the vacant lot into a beautiful garden with benches and walking path that . sounds like a peaceful retreat. What kind of plants are we considering? We are focusing on native plants and flowers to attract local wildlife and promote biodiversity. That's very ecofriendly. How are we involving the community? We are organizing planting days and inviting residents to contribute plans or volunteer their time. Are there any plans for children's activities in the Green space? absolutely. We are designing a small play area and will organize nature related educational activities. How can I contribute to this project? We'd love help with planting in fund raising. Every bit of support counts . i'm on board. This Green space will be a great addition to our community. Definitely, it's all about creating a sustainable and enjoyable environment. 听下面一段独白，回答第17至第24个小题。现在你有20秒钟的时间阅读这四个小题。ETC Christi was the best selling mystery writer of all time. He wrote ninety three books and seventeen plays. The daughter of an american father and british mother, Christie was born at turkey in the united kingdom in eighteen ninety. Her family was comfortable. Although not wealthy, he was educated at home with later studies and paris friends. In Christy's first book, the mysterious s affair at styles nineteen nineteen twenty SHE introduced one of her two best known detectives, hercule pero peroo is a committed spokesman for an unemotional approach to solving mysteries arose companion kept in in hastings is a retired military man who is too trusting and often foolish. The year in nineteen twenty six was an important one for Christie. IT saw the publication of her first hugely successful novel, the murder of Roger across, in which the narrator is the murderer. IT was also a year of personal tragedy. Christ's mother died in one thousand twenty six. Christie wrote several works in addition to her fiction, including seventeen well liked plays. The mouse trap opened in london in nineteen nineteen fifty two, and was a huge success playing there for over thirty years. In eighteen seventy one, Christie was named a dammed commander of the british empire. Etta Christi was the best selling mystery writer of all time. He wrote ninety three books and seventeen plays. The daughter of an american father and british mother, Christie was born at turkey in the united kingdom in eighteen ninety. Her family was comfortable. Although not wealthy, he was educated at home with later studies and paris friends. In Christy's first book, the mysterious s affair at styles nineteen nineteen twenty, SHE introduced one of her two best known detectives, hercule peroo. Pero is a committed spokesman for an unemotional approach to solving mysteries arose companion kept in hastings is a retired military man who is too trusting and often foolish. The year and ninety twenty six was an important one for Christie. IT saw the publication of her first hugely successful novel, the murder of Roger across, in which the naratu is the murderer. IT was also a year of personal tragedy. Christ's mother died in one thousand twenty six. Christie wrote several works in addition to her fiction, including seventeen well liked plays. The mouse trap opened in london in one thousand nine fifty two and was a huge success playing there for over thirty years. In eighteen seventy one, Christie was named a dammed commander of the british empire. 第二节到此结束。 2025年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试 英语模拟测试 本试卷共150分 考试时间120分钟 注意事项： 1. 答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。 3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 How much does the man need to pay? A. $40. B. $60. C. $100. 2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What are the speakers doing? A. Waiting to board. B. Preparing to get off. C. Seeing someone off. 3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What does the woman think caused Danny’s failure? A. His examination anxiety. B. The pressure from his parents. C. Improper time management. 4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 Why does the man consider the woman a newcomer? A. She doesn’t know a certain place. B. She prefers taking a taxi to taking a train. C. She intends to travel by taxi to a far place. 5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 When is the introductory class? A. On 20th, December. B. On 22nd, December. C. On 24th, December. 第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 6. What’s the woman’s problem? A. Her son gets angry easily. B. Her son is addicted to games. C. Her son doesn’t get on with his friends. 7. What does the man suggest the woman do? A. Ban her son from playing. B. Have a face-to-face talk with her son. C. Help her son balance study and play. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 8. What is Alex’s reason for running a marathon? A. To raise money for charity. B. To win a competition. C. To make friends. 9 What type of training plan is Alex following? A. A 10-week intense plan. B. A 16-week gradual plan. C. A 60-week gradual plan. 10. What does Alex find the most challenging in his preparation? A. Diet management. B. The physical training. C. Balancing training and work. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 11. What is the main purpose of the book exchange club? A. To sell books. B. To write book reviews. C. To share and discuss books. 12. How often do the book exchange club members meet? A. Once a week. B. Once a month. C. Twice a year. 13. What special event is Sarah planning for the book exchange club? A. Author talks. B. Movie nights. C. Literary quizzes. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 14. What are the speakers discussing? A. Building a new playground. B. Creating a community green space. C. Constructing a community center. 15. What features will the initiative include? A. Sports facilities. B. Shopping areas. C. Benches and paths. 16. What are planned for children in the initiative? A. Planting programs. B. Competitive sports leagues. C. Nature-related educational activities. 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 17. What kind of person is Captain Hastings? A. Silly. B. Moody. C. Sensible. 18. Which work brought Agatha Christie great success in novels for the first time? A. The Murder of Roger Ackroyd. B. The Mysterious Affair at Styles. C. The Mousetrap. 19. What can we know about Agatha Christie’s plays? A. The number of them is 30. B. They were quite popular. C. They were favoured by her mother. 20. How old was Agatha Christie when she was named a Dame of the British Empire? A. 70 years old. B. 81 years old. C. 85 years old. 第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A During the summer months, June to August, the City of Phoenix sets aside time for turf (草皮) recovery, improvements and maintenance of athletic fields. Fields that remain open for reservations are limited. To see what fields are open for reservation, please click here. Reservation Guidelines: ● Reservations may be made online, or in-person at most Phoenix parks and recreation community centers and administrative offices. ● A maximum of four hours of total field time may be on reserve at any one time. Reservation blocks are 2 hours and made on the even hours. Most lighted athletic fields are available to book from 4 pm to 10 pm Monday through Friday and on weekends from 8 am to 10 pm. Athletic fields without lights are available from 4 pm to 6 pm only. ● Reservations must be made a minimum of three days in advance, and a maximum of 30 days in advance of use. Youth rates apply only when all team members are 17 years old or younger. ● A reservation guarantees exclusive use of the field. ● Services and equipment, such as setting bases or soccer goal nets, are not provided. ● Sports organizations with 4 or more teams are eligible to apply for seasonal field allocations. Cancelation Policy: In order to receive a refund, cancelation of a reservation is required three days prior to the reservation date. Athletic Field Fees: Adult Reservations: ● Resident: $17 per hour ● Non-Resident: 25 per hour Youth Reservations: ● Resident: $6 per hour ● Non-Resident: $10 per hour Light Fees: ● A$5 hourly fee for lights will be charged for night time activities (6 pm to 10 pm) Determining Residency: The address of the individual who makes the reservation is used to determine residency. A non-resident is an individual who does not reside within a City of Phoenix council district. 21. What is the main purpose of the summer update mentioned in the text? A. To encourage more field reservations. B. To inform about turf maintenance. C. To announce new sports events. D. To change reservation guidelines. 22. When can most lighted athletic fields be reserved during weekdays? A. 4 pm to 6 pm. B. 6 pm to 8 pm. C. 4 pm to 10 pm. D. 8 am to 10 pm. 23. What is the focus of the text? A. Benefits of field reservations. B. New sports facilities in Phoenix. C. Upcoming sports events in the city. D. Guidelines for renting athletic fields. B It was my first conference as a PhD candidate, and the atmosphere should have thrilled me. It was a chance to showcase my work and build connections. Yet I found myself hanging by the coffee station, rehearsing potential conversations in my head but never moving beyond a smile. I wanted to connect but feared seeming awkward, or, worse, irrelevant. By the end of the day, my business cards were still in my pocket, untouched. I was relieved it was over — and regretted that I had missed yet another opportunity to build relationships that could enrich my research and personal growth. When I started my PhD and saw researchers engaged in multiple collaborations and publishing frequently, I realized that purposeful and meaningful networking had helped their accomplishments. If I wanted to succeed in academia, I would need to actively develop networking habits. It wasn’t easy. I went into that conference with the best of intentions, and still came up empty. My lab mate, on the other hand, walked away with an invitation from a well-known research team to co-author a working paper, simply by starting up a casual chat. I stood there, right beside her — and yet, I let the moment slip by. That’s when it hit me: Networking wasn’t about impressing everyone in the room. It was about speaking up and finding value in even the smallest exchanges. I’d been waiting for the perfect words, the ideal opening, the “right” moment — but I realized those moments rarely arrived on their own. The crucial point was to let go of perfection and instead seek connection. I dove in. I took every opportunity to attend events. My palms would sweat and I’d lose my train of thought. My voice would occasionally tremble. But I kept showing up, determined to push through, hoping eventually it would start to feel natural. And it did. Looking back, I see that the real challenge wasn’t the act of networking itself, but letting go of the fear of not doing it “right”. By shifting my mindset from perfection to connection, I’ve begun to enjoy the process. 24. How did the author feel at her first conference as a PhD candidate? A. Excited and confident. B. Proud and satisfied. C. Relaxed and enthusiastic. D. Nervous and hesitant. 25. Why did the author mention her lab mate in paragraph 2? A. To display how to start up a casual chat. B. To highlight the importance of networking. C. To show the role of labs in academic success. D. To demonstrate where to find a famous research team. 26. How did the author make progress in networking? A. By organising as many events as possible. B. By asking for suggestions from her lab mate. C. By preparing perfect words and the ideal opening. D. By abandoning perfectionism and seeking connection. 27. What can we learn from the author’s experience? A. Networking is easy for PhD candidates. B. Anyone can learn to enjoy networking. C Networking begins with impressing others. D. Choosing a team matters a lot in academia. C Fasting (禁食) has previously been suggested as a useful approach for preventing or managing chronic diseases such as cancer, obesity and heart disease—but results from mouse studies show long-term fasts may hurt the immune system. Filip Swirski at the Icahn School of Medicine in New York and his colleagues analyzed blood and tissue samples from five mice without access to food for 24 hours. Blood tests comparing these mice with those given a regular diet showed that, on average, the fasting mice had less than 10 per cent of the number of monocytes—a type of white blood cell that helps fight infections and organizes other immune cells to treat injury. “These are the cells that are really critical foot soldiers of the immune system,” says Swirski. The researchers found the decrease was due to monocytes moving from the blood to the bone marrow (骨髓), where they essentially hibernated, he says. When the fasting mice were given food again, monocytes rushed back into their bloodstream. “So, upon re-feeding, what we see is an increase of monocytes,” says Swirski. Compared with mice that continued to fast or those that never fasted, these mice had nearly four times as many monocytes in their blood, on average. To understand how this affected immunity, Swirski and his team injected (注射) 45 mice with a type of bacteria that infects the lungs. Twenty-three of the mice fasted for 24 hours before the injection. The researchers then allowed them to access food. After 72 hours, nearly 90 per cent of the mice that fasted died, while about 60 per cent of the mice that never fasted died. The mice on restricted diets also had greater levels of inflammation, suggesting that long periods of fasting damage immune responses. However, Satchidananda Panda at the Salk Institute for Biological Studies in California says that most common fasting rules for humans don’t last 24 hours. In fact, his own research has shown that a 15-hour fast improves immunity in mice. Even so, Swirski says these findings are important for how we think about the duration and implications of fasting. “Like so many things in life, balance is important. So, what may be beneficial in one way could have an unexpected negative effect in another,” he says. 28. What happened to the monocytes during fasting? A. They increased in the blood. B. They moved to the bone marrow. C. They transformed into other types of cells. D. They were destroyed by the immune system. 29. According to the study, what happened to mice on a 24-hour fast when exposed to bacteria? A. They showed increased inflammation. B. They developed stronger immunity. C. They died quickly. D. They had no response. 30. What was Satchidananda Panda’s view on fasting? A. It’s effective for over 24 hours. B. Shorter fasts can be beneficial. C. Fasting has no real benefits. D. Only long-term fasting is harmful. 31 What overall conclusion can be drawn from the text about fasting? A. It consistently improves health. B. Its effects are dependent on duration. C. It has no impact on the immune system. D. Only negative outcomes are associated with it. D The old saying goes that if you give an infinite (无限的) number of monkeys an infinite amount of time to hit random keys on a typewriter, one of them will eventually type out the complete works of William Shakespeare, which is known as the Infinite Monkey Theorem. However, according to a new paper in the journal Franklin Open, there is not enough time left in the universe’s entire lifespan for all the chimps alive today to write out the works of the poet. “The long-established result of the Infinite Monkey Theorem is correct, but misleading,” the University of Technology Sydney researchers wrote in the paper. “Meaningful text generation during the lifespan of our universe is almost infeasible.” The “heat death” theory suggests the universe will end over 100,000 billion years as it expands and energy equally spreads, leaving no usable energy. Currently at 13.8 billion years old, we have a vast time ahead. Yet, even this may not be enough for random monkeys to copy Shakespeare’s works, according to new research. In the study, the researchers calculated how likely it would be for a given string of characters to be typed by one of a finite number of monkeys. They assumed that the keyboard contained 30 keys of English characters and punctuation marks, a finite number of 200,000 monkeys — based on the current population of chimpanzee — and a typing rate of one key per monkey per second for the rest of the universe’s lifetime. They discovered that, using these assumptions, it is extremely unlikely that all words of Shakespeare’s works will be typed before the heat death of the universe. In fact, there is only a 5 percent chance that one of the monkeys would even get around to typing the single word “bananas” within its own lifetime. “This finding places the theorem among other probability puzzles and paradoxes (悖论) — such as the St Petersburg paradox, Zeno’s paradox, and the Ross-Littlewood paradox — where using the idea of infinite resources gives the results that don’t match up with what we get when we consider the limitation of our universe,” said Woodcock, a professor at the University of Technology Sydney. 32. What is the Infinite Monkey Theorem about? A. A cultural trend. B. A probability principle. C. A literature assumption. D. A psychology phenomenon. 33. What does the underlined word “infeasible” in paragraph 2 probably mean? A. Impossible. B. Deep-rooted. C. Valueless. D. Far-reaching. 34. What is the basis of the research? A. Power of randomness. B. Infinite resources and time. C. Realistic estimates of time and resources. D. Faith in Shakespeare’s works’ complexity. 35. What is Woodcock’s attitude toward the finding of the study? A. Doubtful. B. Dismissive. C. Ambiguous. D. Positive. 第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 If there’s one thing colleges know, it’s where the jobs are. Here are some areas to study. ____36____ The first one is electricians. Electricians are in short supply, even without considering the increase in electricians needed to electrify the economy. ____37____ Putting up, say, an apartment building can require up to 40. The field is so full of opportunity that some colleges have started teaching evening classes to graduate more electrician students per year. ____38____ Students can try different trades, like the electrical one, and move directly from the program to an apprenticeship (学徒工作). Artificial intelligence (AI) is another hot field. Twenty years ago, there were few opportunities to explore a career in artificial intelligence. ____39____ Between 2015 and 2019, there was a 270 per cent increase in the number of businesses implementing AI processes worldwide. The technology’s capabilities are wide-ranging. It can help teachers streamline their work by updating courses, recommending content and suggesting ways to bridge knowledge gaps for students. In the business world, AI has transformed supply chain management. ____40____ Just a few years ago, imagining e-sports (or electronic sports) as a proper college program was almost unthinkable. Video games were seen as a vice, not a job. Fast forward to 2025: Quite a few colleges have not only launched e-sports management programs but even built e-sports arenas to take advantage of the lively industry. Globally, the video game industry is bigger than the movie and music industries combined. Revenue from e-sports events is predicted to grow to more than $1.8 billion globally by 2026. A. Others are offering free exploration programs. B. Building almost any home requires an electrician. C. However, the technology has quickly advanced in the last decade. D. They practically guarantee a hire and help create a better future too. E. Game shows become popular thanks to new management programs. F. E-sports management is also a rapidly growing field with great opportunities. G. Some colleges, like Centennial College, offer pathways to promising careers. 第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 I was a 19-year-old girl. On a cold autumn morning, I was standing on a rugby pitch when a coach told me something that ____41____ my life. Weeks earlier, I was lucky to find my ____42____ to the women’s rugby club on my college campus and began my first practice. Although I was not an athlete, I was ____43____ as I was training hard with sweat flowing from my face. ____44____, I was interested in rugby then. At first, I was ____45____ about the rules: You can only pass backward? What?! How was I offside? I couldn’t keep up and I had twisted my ankle. All of that ____46____ in a crisis of confidence and that fateful ____47____ with my coach. I approached her, trembling, and asked, “Am I too ____48____ at this? Should I keep at it? I don’t want to ____49____ the whole team.” Hearing those, she gave me a _____50_____ and priceless gift, saying, “Amy, it’s up to you.” Looking back, it was a defining ____51____ — when I started placing more importance on what I enjoyed and wanted, as opposed to what others ____52____ or thought of me. I felt like I could suddenly move mountains. Later on, I traveled around to play matches and those ____53____ took me all over the world and I made friends in rugby. After 16 years, I started a family and stopped playing, but I remained a ____54____. So far, I’ve made it only to the sidelines, cheering on my 11-year-old as she ____55____ up the sport. 41. A. saved B. ruined C. shaped D. represented 42. A. way B. risk C. reason D. state 43. A. worried B. excited C. surprised D. ashamed 44. A. Carefully B. Suddenly C. Obviously D. Fortunately 45. A. discouraged B. scared C. annoyed D. confused 46. A. ended B. returned C. approached D. repeated 47. A. mistake B. conversation C. competition D. cooperation 48. A. lucky B. disappointed C. good D. terrible 49. A. bring down B. cheer up C. laugh at D. believe in 50. A. cheap B. worn C. lasting D. handmade 51. A. choice B. moment C. discovery D. influence 52. A. informed B. indicated C. decided D. expected 53. A. games B. rules C. awards D. brands 54. A. stranger B. conductor C. supporter D. neighbor 55. A. sets B. takes C. packs D. faces 第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Zhang Dagian may not be a household name in the West, ____56____ in China — and the global art market at large — he is on par with the likes of Warhol and Monet. A master of classical Chinese painting ____57____ later reimagined modern art, Zhang’s work spanned traditions from ink landscapes to abstraction. Dozens of years after his death, Zhang’s painting Landscape after Wang Ximeng became his most expensive work ever ____58____ (sell) at auction, fetching $47 million at Sotheby’s in Hong Kong. The artist’s work ____59____ (generate) more than $354 million at auction in 2016, exceeding any other artist — dead or alive — in the world that year, according to an annual ranking ____60____ (produce) by the Artprice database. Last year, he finished 6th in that same list, ahead of market heavyweights like Vincent van Gogh and Banksy. This may only be the tip of ____61____ iceberg, said San Francisco State University art professor Mark Johnson. “There’s been a quick escalation in value as his genius is more widely recognized,” said Johnson, who co-curated a 2019 exhibition of Zhang’s work at San Francisco’s Asian Art Museum, in a phone interview. “I think prices ____62____ (double) soon,” he added, saying that “____63____ (ignore)” about Zhang among Western museums and collectors is keeping prices “____64____ (relative) low”. “There’s no question that Zhang Daqian is one of the most important artists of the 20th century. His work referenced global culture and, at the same time, was deeply embedded in Chinese classical culture,” Johnson said, _____65_____ (call) him the “first really global Chinese artist”. 第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 66. 假定你是李华，最近你和家人进行了一次乡村旅行。请你给英国朋友Tom写一封邮件分享这次经历，内容包括： (1)你游玩的地方与参加的活动； (2)你的感想。 注意： (1)写作词数应为80个左右； (2)请按如下格式相应位置作答。 Dear Tom, ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours truly, Li Hua 第二节(满分25分) 67. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 A Daughter’s Gift Sophie was a kind and thoughtful little girl who loved her mom very much. They lived in a house on a quiet street, where they spent their days together, baking cookies, reading stories, and playing in the garden. Sophie’s mom, Mrs Brown, worked hard to provide for their small family, and Sophie wanted to do something special for her mom’s upcoming birthday. One day, while walking home from school, Sophie passed by a small shop with beautiful necklaces displayed in the window. She stopped and gazed at a delicate necklace with a heart-shaped pendant (吊坠). It was perfect for her mom! Sophie knew how much her mom loved jewelry but rarely bought anything for herself. Sophie decided then and there that she would save up to buy the necklace as a birthday gift. Sophie didn’t have much money but she was determined. She began doing extra chores around the house, helping her neighbors with gardening, and even saving her weekly allowance. Every time she earned a little, she carefully placed the money in a small jar hidden under her bed. As the days passed, the jar slowly filled up, but the necklace was expensive, and Sophie wasn’t sure if she would have enough by the time her mom’s birthday arrived. Despite the challenge, Sophie never gave up. She worked hard and stayed focused on her goal. Each night before bed, she would count the money in the jar, adding up the coins and bills, hoping she was getting closer to her goal. Her mom noticed that Sophie was spending more time helping around the house and asked, “Why are you doing so many chores, Sophie?” Sophie just smiled and said, “I want to help out more, Mom. You do so much for us.” Finally, the day before her mom’s birthday arrived. Sophie counted her money one last time and realized she had just enough to buy the necklace. She felt a rush of excitement. The next morning, she went straight to the shop and purchased the necklace, carefully wrapping it in a small box with a ribbon. 注意： (1)续写词数应为150个左右； (2)请按如下格式在相应位置作答。 That evening, after dinner, Sophie handed the box to her mom. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Mrs Brown hugged Sophie tightly, her heart full of love and pride. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $