内容正文:
高二英语会考改错专题考点归类及变形训练
(真题优化版)
一、冠词错误
1. Amy began to play violin at the age of five.
2. It really makes the difference to form a good habit at youth.
· 正确答案:1.在 play 后加 the;2.去掉 the。
· 考点梳理
1. 表示演奏乐器时,乐器前要用定冠词 the,如 play the piano(弹钢琴)、play the guitar(弹吉他),中式乐器(Erhu,Pipa......)除外。
2. 一日三餐、球类名词前不加the.
2. make a difference 为固定短语,意为 “有影响,起作用” ,中间用不定冠词 a,而不是 the;at youth 中 youth 表示抽象概念 “青春”,零冠词。
· 考点拓展
1.the可以用于某些固定词组中:in the morning/afternoon/evening(在上午 / 下午 / 晚上);go to school(去上学),但 go to the school(去那所学校,不一定是上学);by the way(顺便说一下);on the other hand(另一方面)。
2.专有名词前冠词的使用:一般专有名词前不加冠词,如 China(中国)、Beijing(北京);但由普通名词构成的专有名词前要加 the,如 the Great Wall(长城)、the United States(美国)。
二、非谓语动词错误
1. Following the doctor’s advice, he finally gave up smoke.
2. It’s unhealthy to be addicted to play computer games.
3. This book, writing by a famous author, has become a best seller.
正确答案:1.smoke 改为 smoking。2.play 改为 playing。3.writing 改为 written。
· 考点梳理
1. give up doing sth. 表示 “放弃做某事”,up 是介词,后接动名词形式;be addicted to doing sth. 中 to 也是介词,意为 “沉迷于做某事” ,同样接动名词。
2. 过去分词作后置定语,与所修饰的名词之间是被动关系,如 “written by a famous author” 表示 “由一位著名作家写的”,book 和 write 是被动关系 。
·
· 考点拓展
1. 常见的后接动名词作宾语的动词或短语:enjoy doing sth.(喜欢做某事)、finish doing sth.(完成做某事)、mind doing sth.(介意做某事)、look forward to doing sth.(期待做某事)、be used to doing sth.(习惯于做某事)。
2. 现在分词和过去分词作定语的区别:现在分词表示主动和进行,如 a sleeping boy(一个正在睡觉的男孩);过去分词表示被动和完成,如 a broken cup(一个打碎的杯子)。
三、时态与语态错误
1. Last week, he visits many places of interest in China.
2. He had just finished his homework while the telephone rang.
3. Amy expressed his gratitude to the stranger who helped her.
4. A terrible fire was occurred at the hotel but luckily all the guests managed to get out.
5. They stay up very late in the lab last night, because they had to finish their experiment.
· 正确答案:1.visits 改为 visited。2.while 改为 when。3.his 改为 her。4.去掉 was。5.stay 改为 stayed。
· 考点梳理
1. 根据时间状语 last week、last night 等,句子要用一般过去时,动词要用过去式。
2. had just done...when... 为固定句型,意为 “刚做完…… 就……”,when 不能用 while 替换;主语 Amy 是女性,要用 her 修饰 gratitude 。
3. occur 是不及物动词,没有被动语态,不能用 was occurred;
· 考点拓展
1. 常见的一般过去时时间状语:yesterday(昨天)、the day before yesterday(前天)、last month(上个月)、in 2020(在 2020 年)、just now(刚才)。
2. 不及物动词无被动语态,类似的词还有 happen(发生)、take place(发生)、belong to(属于)、break out(爆发)等。
四、介词错误
1. I’m writing to apply to the position of volunteers for the coming sports meeting.
2. At last, he worked out the solution of the problem.
3. The children's rides provide them for great pleasure.
4. Lang Ping’s sportsmanship set good example for teenagers.
5. It is very kind for you to help me with my lessons.
· 正确答案:1. to 改为 for。2. of 改为 to。3. for 改为 with。4. 在 set 后加 a。5. for 改为 of。
· 考点梳理
1. apply for 表示 “申请”,apply to 表示 “适用于”;the solution to the problem 为固定搭配,意为 “问题的解决办法”;provide sb. with sth. 表示 “给某人提供某物” 。
2. set a good example for 表示 “为…… 树立一个好榜样”,缺少不定冠词 a;It is + 形容词 + of sb. to do sth.,当形容词是描述人的品质、性格等时,用 of,如 kind、nice、clever 等 。
· 考点拓展
1. 与介词 to 搭配的常见短语:be used to(习惯于)、pay attention to(注意)、prefer...to...(比起…… 更喜欢……)、look forward to(期待)。
2. 与介词 with 搭配的常见短语:deal with(处理)、come up with(想出)、help sb. with sth.(帮助某人做某事)、fill...with...(用…… 装满……)。
五、名词错误
1. The furnitures in IKEA looks amazing.
2. He was in his thirty when he got the prize.
3. My hometown has become one of the most popular city because of its mild weather.
· 正确答案:1.furnitures 改为 furniture。2.thirty 改为 thirties。3. city 改为 cities。
· 考点梳理
1. furniture 是不可数名词,没有复数形式。
2. in one's thirties 表示 “在某人三十多岁时”,用基数词的复数形式。
3. one of the + 形容词最高级 + 可数名词复数,表示 “最…… 之一”,city 要用复数形式 cities 。
· 考点拓展
1. 常见的不可数名词:advice(建议)、information(信息)、news(新闻)、progress(进步)、weather(天气)、work(工作,指体力或脑力劳动)。
2. 表示整十的基数词复数形式用于表示年龄:in one's twenties(在某人二十多岁时)、in one's forties(在某人四十多岁时)等。
六、形容词与副词错误
1. Having a balanced diet is equal important for keeping fit.
2. I’m extreme sorry for the inconvenience caused.
3. The cake made by the students tasted nicely.
· 正确答案:1. equal 改为 equally。2. extreme 改为 extremely。3. nicely 改为 nice。
· 考点梳理
1. 修饰形容词 important 要用副词 equally,表示 “同样重要”;修饰形容词 sorry 要用副词 extremely,表示 “非常抱歉” 。
2. taste 是系动词,后接形容词作表语,nice 表示 “好的”,nicely 是副词,意为 “很好地” 。
· 考点拓展
1. 常见的系动词:be(是)、look(看起来)、sound(听起来)、smell(闻起来)、feel(摸起来,感觉)、become(变得)、get(变得)、turn(变得)等,这些词后都接形容词作表语。
2. 形容词变副词的规则:一般情况下直接加 -ly,如 quick(快的)→quickly(快地);以 y 结尾且 y 前是辅音字母的,把 y 变 i 再加 -ly,如 happy(高兴的)→happily(高兴地);以 e 结尾的,大部分直接加 -ly,如 nice(好的)→nicely(好地),但 true(真的)→truly(真正地)。
七、从句引导词错误
1. It was in 2023 when his brother was admitted to the university.
2. The park where we visited was built in 1997.
3. There was a time that surfing the Internet was beyond our imagination.
· 正确答案:1. when 改为 that。2. where 改为 which/that 或去掉 where。3. that 改为 when。
· 考点梳理
1. “It was in 2023 when his brother was admitted to the university.” 是强调句,结构为 “It is/was + 被强调部分 + that + 其他部分”,此处强调时间状语 in 2023,所以用 that。
2. “The park where we visited” 中,先行词 the park 在从句中作 visited 的宾语,应用关系代词 which 或 that 引导,也可省略关系代词,where 是关系副词,在从句中作状语,此处使用错误 。
3. “There was a time that surfing the Internet was beyond our imagination.” 中,先行词 time 在从句中作时间状语,应用关系副词 when 引导定语从句 。
· 考点拓展
1. 强调句的一般疑问句形式:Is/Was it + 被强调部分 + that + 其他部分?特殊疑问句形式:特殊疑问词 + is/was it + that + 其他部分?
2. 定语从句中关系代词和关系副词的选择:关系代词在从句中作主语、宾语或表语;关系副词在从句中作状语,如时间状语(when)、地点状语(where)、原因状语(why)。
八、固定搭配与句型错误
1. Making up your mind and you will make progress.
2. Adam made every effort adapt to the challenges he met.
3. Online courses make it possibly to learn during the pandemic.
4. Why not to choose another job that can make you happier?
5. Following by some students, the professor came out of the lecture hall.
· 正确答案:1. Making 改为 Make。2. 在 adapt 前加 to。3. possibly 改为 possible。4. 去掉 to。5. Following 改为 Followed。
· 考点梳理
1. “祈使句 + and + 陈述句” 结构,祈使句表示条件,and 后的陈述句表示结果,所以用 Make;make every effort to do sth. 表示 “尽一切努力做某事”,缺少 to 。
2. make it + 形容词 + to do sth.,it 是形式宾语,真正的宾语是后面的不定式,形容词作宾语补足语,此处用 possible;Why not do sth.? 表示 “为什么不做某事呢?”,用于提出建议,to 多余 。
3. “Following by some students” 中,the professor 与 follow 是被动关系,应用过去分词 Followed 作状语 。
· 考点拓展
1. 类似的固定句型:“祈使句 + or + 陈述句”,or 表示 “否则”,如 Hurry up, or you will be late.(快点,否则你会迟到的。)
2. 其他常见固定搭配:had better do sth.(最好做某事)、would rather do sth.(宁愿做某事)、let sb. do sth.(让某人做某事)。
变形题
1. He likes to play football while his sister likes to play piano.
2. Taking exercise every day can make big difference to your health.
3. I am looking forward to meet you at the party.
4. The house build last year is very beautiful.
5. The accident happen yesterday afternoon.
6. We should pay more attention study English.
7. She became famous in she fifties.
8. The music sounds wonder.
9. She speaks English fluent.
10. It was in the park I met my old friend yesterday.
参考答案:
1. 在“play piano”中,乐器前要加定冠词“the”,应改为“He likes to play football while his sister likes to play the piano.”
2. “make a big difference”是固定短语,“a”不能省略,应改为“Taking exercise every day can make a big difference to your health.”
3. “look forward to”中“to”是介词,后接动名词,应改为“I am looking forward to meeting you at the party.” 4. “build”与“house”是被动关系,且根据时间“last year”,应用过去分词作定语,应改为“The house built last year is very beautiful.”
4. 根据“yesterday afternoon”可知,句子应用一般过去时,“happen”的过去式是“happened”,应改为“The accident happened yesterday afternoon.”
5. “pay attention to”是固定短语,“to”不能省略,应改为“We should pay more attention to studying English.”
6. “in one's fifties”表示“在某人五十多岁时”,应改为“She became famous in her fifties.”
7. “sound”是系动词,后接形容词作表语,“wonder”是名词或动词,应改为“The music sounds wonderful.”
8. “speak”是动词,应用副词修饰,“fluent”是形容词,应改为“She speaks English fluently.”
9. 这是一个强调句,强调句的基本结构是“It is/was + 被强调部分 + that/who + 其他部分”,此句强调地点,应改为“It was in the park that I met my old friend yesterday.”
10. 此句“the day”在从句中作时间状语,从句可以用“when”引导,句子也可理解为省略了关系副词“when”,句子正确,无需修改。
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