高考冲刺语法超重点14之（1-5）导学案 -2025届高三下学期英语二轮复习专项

突破语法14大超重点之（1-5） 超重点1新角度.创新考查纯空格类题 高考语法填空纯空格类题目所占比重虽然不大,但失分率较高，近几年高考纯空格类题 目出现了一些新考法，如2023年全国甲卷考查了 as引导非限制性定语从句，2018年全国I 卷考查了代词it的用法，往年高考还曾出现对助动词did的考查。虽然2024年纯空格类没有涉及创新试题，但是此类试题隔年选考，且难度大、失分率高，考生备考时不可忽视。纯空格填副词、填限定词、填指示代词、填不定代词、填it等新考法，是未来高考纯空格的热点新考 法。做此类题目时需要结合句意和结构来确定空处应填入冠词、介词、连词、代词，还 是其他词性的词。 1. Most embroiderers in Jiangsu concentrate on Su embroidery, making_____________ popular among both the upper class and the public for its delicate needlework. 2. A virtual choir enables ordinary people who have no chance to join a local choir to add their voices_______________ to of other individuals and become part of the global community. 3. For Jason, who works at Cafe Himalaya in New York City, the butter in the cup of tea before him ideally comes from a yak. ________________, in New York yak butter is pretty hard to come by, so Jason, as well as anyone who orders it at Cafe Himalaya, has to make do with butter from a cow. 4. Data about the moon's composition, such as how ______________ ice and other treasures it contains, could help China decide whether its plans for a future lunar （月球的）base are practical. 5. The beauty of the Chinese paper umbrellas had _____________ an impact on worldwide trends that their elegantly crafted materials and their canopy designs showcasing dragons, flowers, and landscapes quickly traveled via trade routes to distant Europe. 6. Only one year after the irrigation project was completed, it was obvious that it _____________ bring great benefits to the local farmers. 7. So rapidly _______________ the technology develop that no one can predict what may happen tomorrow. 8. Not until there was no fish to be found in the river _____________ the locals realize the importance of environmental protection. 参考答案：1. it 2. those 3. However 4. much 5. such 6. did 7. does 8. did 超重点2 新趋势 深化非谓语考查形式 区分谓语与非谓语，确定时态、语态和非谓语的各种形式一直是高考考查的重要语法项 目，且对非谓语形式的考查有逐渐加深的趋势，如2024年新课标II卷考查了 3个非谓语动词,2023年新课标I卷考查了不定式的被动语态to be lifted,2023年全国乙卷考查了动词-ing 的完成式having visited。这对考生的语言综合运用能力要求较高，预计未来高考对非谓语的 考查形式仍可能涉及非谓语的被动语态、完成式等形式，考生备考时要加强对必备知识的深 入理解和掌握。 1. ______________ (visit) more than 5 World Expos since childhood, Jack has witnessed various types of technological development and experienced the effects they have brought to the daily life. 2. A wearable artificial throat ___________ (test) by a patient at present has achieved initial success, basically “restoring” the patient's voice before his vocal cord was affected by the disease. 3. The shop owner had the painting I bought online ______________ (box) to deliver it safely. 4. In mid-September, farmers are busy picking grapes________________ (transport) to other parts of the country. 5. Having trouble thinking creatively? Not able to focus on tasks that need to be done? Poor sleep could potentially be _____________ (blame). 参考答案：1. Having visited 2. being tested 3. boxed 4. to be transported 5. to blame 超重点3确定名词形式的3个维度 核心主干 确定名词形式的3个维度 高考语法填空题对名词的考查一直比较稳定，以考查名词的构词和复数形式为主。其他 关于名词的考点（如名词的所有格）较少涉及,但考生在备考时不可忽视。 核心考点 名词的构词 考频 5年15考 命题预测 该考点区分度较高，是考生易失分的考点，预计未来高考仍将继 续考查该考点，这就要求考生能够准确判断空处所填词在句子 中所充当成分的同时，掌握相应的构词知识。 名词的复数形式 5年10考 是历年高考的稳定考点。题目难度很可能会因考查形式和考查 情境的创新而有所提高。预计未来高考会采用创新形式考查该 考点。考生在备考过程中，要熟练掌握使用名词复数形式的各 类情境。 维度1厘清限定关系，判断所作成分 1. Celebrity culture, image______________ (consume) , the new relation to objects and the popularity of culture have motivated young Chinese designers to create a brave new world over the past decade. 2. However, with time it lost its _______________ (significant) , and some people cannot even pronounce the city's name correctly, as the first character, qu, is written in a complicated way. 3. Distinguishable character qualities appropriate for shadow performances are presented through the _________ (adopt) of realistic and abstract approaches.， 4. Art, throughout most of China's history, was meant to express the artist’s good character and not merely be an _____________ (interpret) of his practical artistic skills. 5. Images of these objects found at Sanxingdui and their ______________(pattern) have been digitalized, animated and projected on screens, leading the audience into the ancient kingdom of Shu, a _______________ (civilize) that thrived for nearly 8 centuries in the southwest during the Zhou Dynasty, and disappeared suddenly, leaving many myths and legends. 6. In 1844, they bought the house for $1,200 and some land from Charles Dresser, who performed their ________ (marry) ceremony in 1842. 7. Mr. Smith, a public officer, says that he tends to find it a great ____________ (satisfy) to drink several cups of Chinese green tea after a whole day of busy schedule. 参考答案：1. consumption 2. significance 3. adoption 4. interpretation 5. patterns; civilization 6. marriage 7. satisfaction 维度2 熟悉名词的固定搭配 1. The caves contain thousands of priceless manuscripts and silk paintings, which, upon their discovery, drew much _____________ (attend) to the area. 2. In 1994, Master Shi Dejian, under the ______________ (guide) of his teacher, started the restoration of the academy's damaged buildings to study and promote Chan Wu Yi. 参考答案：1. attention 2. guidance 常考固定搭配 at a loss不知所措 by comparison比较起来 exposure to...暴露于 之中 in the distance 在远处 in addition to...除 以外(还有) in agreement with...与 意见一致 in association with...与 联合 take measures 采取措施 take pride in...以 为傲 take responsibility for...对 负责 have a/an influence on...对 有 影响 have confidence in...对……有信心 have a preference for. . .对 偏爱 with the exception of 除 以外 have no/some difficulty (in) doing sth.在做某事上没有/有些困难 to one's + 情感类名词(satisfaction/excitement/anger/happiness/...)让某人 的是 注意：一些固定短语中的名词用复数形式，常见的有take pains to do sth. ,in ruins, good/bad manners, take turns to do sth. ,in high/low spirits, make friends with 等。 维度3考虑名词的3种变形情况 1. Although they could never have met, there are common _____________ (theme) in their works, said Paul Edmondson, head of research for the Shakespeare Birthplace Trust. 2. Although parks of all sizes and types exist at any level, the national parks, in particular, tend to catch our attention because of their large size and variety. They are ___________(treasure ) of American heritage (遗产). 3. These plants included modern Western ______________ (favourite) such as rosemary, lavender and fennel. 4. Since the introduction of cranberries from North America in 2014, Fuyuai City in Heilongjiang province has planted 280 hectares of cranberries, making it one of the largest cranberry growing ____________ (base) in Asia. 5. The _____________ (finding) from about seven years of biodiversity research give us warning that climate change caused by humans has had a destroying effect on Nature. 6. Those cultural elements have increased Stratford's international ____________(visible) , said Edmondson... 7. The Glasshouse stands as a great achievement in contemporary design, to house the plants of the southwestern part of China at the end of a path retracing (追溯)the steps along the Silk Route that brought the plants from their native habitat in Asia to come to define much of the____________ (rich) of gardening in England. 8. They all agreed and vowed (承诺)to promote the idea at the _______________ (complete ) of their journey. 9. The oldest _____________ (evident) of noodles was from 4,000 years ago in China. 10. The Nanjing Hongshan Forest Zoo, once struggling to sustain its _____________ (survive) , has undergone a remarkable turnaround. 11. Huang Bingbing, living in Shenzhen, Guangdong, is an enthusiastic _____________ (support) of this idea. 12. Shadow play, a conventional form of theatrical______________(entertain) , has survived for centuries. 13. She was awarded a full ______________ (scholar) to pursue her dream of studying medicine at the university. 14. Jiang expressed that the journey had facilitated her personal growth, and she hoped that her lantern would bring ___________ (warm) to the world, illuminating people's dreams. 15. Nowadays, more and more teenagers prefer to eat snacks and other fast food, which accounts for the rise in ___________ (weigh) problems. 16. There is a longstanding Chinese tradition of including chopsticks in a ____________ (girl) dowry (嫁妆),symbolizing a blessing for the bride's future family. 参考答案：1. themes 2. treasures 3. favourites 4. bases 5. findings 6. visibility 7. richness 8. completion 9. evidence 10. survival 11. supporter 12. entertainment 13. scholarship 14. warmth 15. weight 16. girl’s 综合演练 Tai Chi, an ancient martial art, is widely practiced across China. Though there are no formal 1._____________(statistic) regarding the number of Tai Chi practitioners in the country, the martial art can be said to have enjoyed enduring 2._____________(popular) over the years. On Dec. 17, 2020, the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization inscribed Tai Chi on the Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity, which boosted the 3.______________(promote) of the traditional martial art around the world. Guillaume Large, a 44-year-old Tai Chi enthusiast from Bordeaux of France, has been practicing Tai Chi for over 20 years. Large got a 4.____________(sport) injury at a young age and decided to start practicing Tai Chi at a local club in France as a way of 5.______________(recover). From then on, he gradually fell in love with the martial art. In 2007, Large and hi fellows established an 6.____________(associate), aiming to promote Chinese culture in France through teaching Tai Chi, the Chinese language and other 7._____________(aspect) of the country’s culture. In 2013, he started to learn Tai Chi from Chen Ziqiang, the head coach of Chenjiagou Tai Chi School in Wenxian County, Central 8.____________(China) Henan province. Since then, he has led French 9.___________(student) to come to study in Chenjiagou almost every year. “Now French people are becoming increasingly fond of Chinese culture, and I hope that our 10.____________(friend) could get better and better,” Large said. 参考答案：1. statistics 2. popularity 3. promotion 4. sports 5. recovery 6. association 7. aspects 8. China’s 9. students 10. friendship 超重点4确定数词形式的2个策略 确定数词形式的2个策略 数词的主要考查形式：基数词变序数词、数词的固定用法。 1 导图应对数词基本用法 基数词：表示数量，如：one book一本书，two books两本书。one也可用于表不泛指。 主谓一致：“分数+of+名词/代词”作主语时，谓语动词的数根据名词/代词定。 用在dozen、score、hundred、thousand million等名词/数词前，表不确数。如: two dozen people 基数词：“the+序数词”表示“第几”，“a（n）+序数词”表示“又一,再一”。 分数表示法：（1）分子用基数词，分母用序数词。当分子大于1时，分母用复数。 如one third （三分之一），two thirds （三分之二）。 （2分子与分母之间加in/out of, 分子在前，分母在后，分子和分母都用基数词，如one in/out of ten （十分之一）。 1. Fables were part of the oral tradition of many early cultures, and the well-known Aesop's fables date to the____________(six) century B. C. 2. To promote the art, Zheng opened a unique wood carving gallery, which is the______________(one) in Putian run by an individual and free to the public. 3. Two________________ (five) of the students in the class participated in the school’s charity event to support a local community initiative. 参考答案：1. sixth 2. first 3. fifths 策略2 2方面处理数词固定搭配问题 1. She is a remarkable athlete, known for her outstanding speed and skill, making her __________ (two) only to the world champion in her sport. 2. Talim intends to give course directions every ___________ (four) day, which is ambitious but will help keep the learners' energy up. 3. In the race to document the species on Earth before they go extinct, researchers and citizen scientists have collected ________________ (billion) of records. 4. The new restaurant's food is _____________ (two) as delicious as that in any other restaurant in town, leaving customers satisfied and eager to return for more. 参考答案：1. second 2. fourth 3. billions 4. twice 与数字相关的固定用法小结 1. 数词相关固定搭配:every second day/every two days 每隔一天；in two 一分为二，成两半 second to none 首屈一指 2. 倍数表达法:表示倍数时，两倍用twice,三倍及以上用“基数词+ times- o常见的表示倍数的结构有 ①倍数+as many/much/large/. . . as...该结构表示的多少倍如： This river is twice as long as that one.这条河是那条河的二倍长。 ②倍数+ the size/width/length/height/. . . of...该结构表示的多少倍大/宽/长/高/……”。如： The waterway is 22 times the length of the Panama Canal.这条水道是巴拿马运河长度的22倍。 ③倍数+比较级(bigger/longer/. . . ) + than...该结构表示 “……的几倍大/长/……” 如： The pressure in the deep ocean can be more than 100 times greater than that of the Earth's atmosphere. 深海的水压堪比地球大气层压力的100倍不止。 ④倍数+what从句 该结构表示“……的多少倍……”。如： The world's population is almost eight times what it was in 1800.世界人口数量几乎是 1800 年的8倍。 超重点5 确定形容词、副词形式的3个步骤 步骤1判断修饰关系，定形/副 要素1明确形容词在句中的功能 形容词主要用来描述人与事物的性质或特征,在句中作表语、定语，补语或状语。作定语时,常作前置定语,形容词短语常作后置定语。作表语常位于系动词之后;作补语时常用来表示宾语的性质和状态；作状语时,常表示主语的身体状态或心理状态,可在句首、句中或句尾. 1. The latest engineering techniques are applied to create this protective ___________（function） structure that is also beautiful. The design features ten steel “sepals （萼片）” made of glass and aluminium （铝）. 2. Yellowstone was the ____________ (large) United States national park—2. 2 million acres-until Wrangell-Saint Elias in southern Alaska, which became a national monument in 1978, took the honors as a national park in 1980 with 12. 3 million acres. 3. In recent years, Moutai has been looking for ways to be more ____________ (access) and pull in a new generation of users, said Zhu Danpeng, a food and drink expert. 4. It perfectly combined traditional instruments like pipa and guzheng with contemporary trends, creating a unique experience for the audience, who remained enthusiastic and_____________ (engage) despite the cold weather. 5. As the weather turns warmer and air becomes____________ (dry) , it is recommended that people eat fresh vegetables and juicy fruits to keep themselves hydrated (含 水的). 6. But that's how nature is—always leaving us _______________ (astonish). 7. When we arrived at the ball, we didn't find anyone else. _____________ (curiosity) , we looked around for other guests. 8. They waited, ______________ (breath) , for the result of the examination after studying for twelve years. 参考答案：1. functional 2. largest 3. accessible 4. engaged 5. drier 6. astonished 7. Curious 8. breathless 要素2明确副词在句中的功能 副词主要用来修饰句子中的动词、形容词、副词、介词短语或整个句子，表达程度、方式、 评价等。近年来，副词考查的重点主要是形容词转化为副词、副词比较级或者特殊副词的变 化等,考生需要在这些方面多关注。 1. When Qu Yuan jumped into the river out of love for his country in 278 BC, people ____________ (desperate) rowed out in boats to search for him. 2. There are a few requirements that unite all of these spirits while also distinguishing them from Western drinks, ____________ (chief) in that baijiu is produced in a process known as solid-state fermentation (固态发酵). 3. She also said she had no choice but to stop the online ordering system ____________ (temporary) at around 1 ：30 pm because there were more than 200 orders still to be completed. 4. You can rent bicycles in most tourist hangouts, but they are not as ____________ (wide) available as car and motorcycles. 5. Jiang's story is one of victory over adversity. More ____________ (incredible) , she is helping inspire disabled children in her native Hunan Province. 6. The domestically designed platform aims to tap into the gas reserve 1,500 meters beneath the ocean surface. This single rig (钻塔)can produce about 3 billion cubic meters of natural gas per year,___________ (rough) 1.6 percent of China's total gas output in 2020. 参考答案：1. desperately 2. chiefly 3. temporarily 4. widely 5. incredibly 6. roughly 步骤2 依据构词知识，定词形 1. As a thousand-year-old commercial city known for the Canton Fair, Guangzhou has drawn __________ (globe) attention with its open genes and prosperous economy. 2. Through the initiative, China is working hard to create more prosperous (繁荣的)and _____________ (harmony) countryside, providing its rural residents with better opportunities and an improved quality of life. 3. In addition to the ____________ (elegance) craftsmanship, modern technologies such as 3D printing and AI have also been used to make the lanterns nicer and more vivid. 4. Loong is a call to adventure-to set off on a___________ (risk) path, hoping to find great rewards. 5. From the _____________ (adore) pandas in Sichuan to the playful Pallas's cats in Inner Mongolia, photographer Xie Jianguo has dedicated himself to documenting the country's rare and endangered animals. 6. Generators are trained with_____________ (mass) images gathered from all over the Internet, but the training process doesn't exclude images that are violent or inappropriate. 7. The intangible cultural heritage of velvet flower making is passed down through the generations, preserving its ______________ (last) artistry. 8. It can help to build a community with a ____________ (share) future for mankind. 9. Cao believes this will make the hiking trip even more _____________ (meaning). 10. Most dresses are handmade and rather ______________ (cost). 11. Instead of _____________ (mere) taking photos with famous landmarks, enthusiasts of this new trend eagerly explore every corner of various attractions, museums, and shops during their journeys in search of various stamps. 12. Ambitious young scientists were ready to put their knowledge to the test at the tournament, which provided a________________ (true) enriching and enjoyable experience for all involved. 13. I was ______________ (incredible) fortunate to journey through the cities of Suzhou and Nanjing, both of which left me fascinated with their true impressiveness and eagerly longing to explore further. 14. ______________ (basic) , medical incense can kill bacteria in the environment, protecting people against infections. 15. This change led to food becoming more ______________ (easy) available. 16. We are thrilled that the money will go _______________ (full) towards supporting the poor. 参考答案：1. global 2. harmonious 3. elegant 4. risky 5. adorable 6. massive 7. lasting 8. shared 9. meaningful 10. costly 11. merely 12. truly 13. incredibly 14. Basically 15. easily 16. fully 步骤3 根据语境、标志词定比较等级 1. However, building a sailing ship is far ____________ (complex) than you might think. 2. The village didn't waste its newfound access and built more infrastructure to make life _____________ (easy) for residents and attract curious visitors from outside. 3. Zhou ______________ (far) explained it. Repeatedly pounding and boiling the fresh tea leaves, with generous portions of ginger, a sprinkling of roasted rice, nuts and other local ingredients, can aid digestion. 4. "China is also one of the 12 countries with the _____________ (rich) biodiversity in the world,” he added. 5. The Chinese character zhen, meaning “vitalize”, was named the nation's most popular character related to domestic affairs this year, while the character wei, meaning “risk" or “crisis"，was chosen as the __________ (hot) for international topics. 6. This discovery, published in the______________ (late) edition of the Journal of Systematic Palaeontology on Jan 17, is of immense importance for studying species9 evolution and geographic distribution during the Cretaceous period (白垩纪). 7. City planners are trying to lure (诱惑)people back into the older, _____________ (developed) eastern section of the region by concentrating growth in that direction and away from the western section. 8. For the people suffering tremendous pressure, the Alps is completely an ideal place to release pressure. The more you explore Alps, the ______________ (stressed) you will feel. 参考答案：1. more complex 2. easier 3. further 4. richest 5. hottest 6. latest 7. less developed 8.less stressed 6 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$