题型04 阅读短文之填空（含批注、讲解、精练）-备战2025年中考英语题型专练（湖南专用）

题型04 阅读短文之填空 （批注+讲解+精练） 目 录 （1）中考真题 1 （2）中考模拟 4 （3）自我测评 8 （1）中考真题 （2024·湖南长沙·中考真题）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Chinese New Year is a great celebration. It 1 (mark) the end of the winter season and the beginning of spring. According to tradition, people like to give flowers and fruits 2 each other during Chinese New Year, because they carry many special 3 (meaning). They represent (象征) the earth coming back to life and best wishes for new beginnings, Orchids (兰花) come in many colors, but many people like purple and red ones for Chinese New Year. They are believed 4 (represent) love and beauty. Orchids say, “Wish you to be 5 (luck), successful and happy.” During the holiday period, this plant is a must. Peonies (牡丹) are like soft clouds in pink, red and white. They are beautiful and can brighten up someone’s day. Red peonies 6 (give) to people to show love and care. Peonies say, “You are special to me.” They are also a symbol of wealth and 7 (rich). Kumquats (金橘), with 8 (they) golden color, ate a symbol of wealth and luck. The Chinese word for “kumquat” sounds like “gold orange”, which connects kumquats with richness. This small fruit tree is often presented in pairs. The apple, with its bright colors 9 round shape, represents peace and harmony (和谐). In fact, the word for “apple” in Chinese sounds like “peace”. 10 (certain), apples make great gifts. （2024·湖南·中考真题）I work at a most popular restaurant in my hometown. I love working here as a member of a fantastic team. People here are very 11 (friend), and hard-working. I started by washing dishes when I was only 18. I worked hard, and soon became 12 waiter. Simon, who was head chef (主厨) then, began to show 13 (I) how to cook. I loved it so much and I 14 (go) to college to learn more. When Simon left the restaurant, I became head chef. At the time all the food was traditional. The quality (品质) was good, but I wanted to do something different, so I decided 15 (have) a different menu. Now we serve food from all over the country. There are many markets and food shops here. I can 16 (usual) find any ingredient (配料) I need. I use a lot of natural food. Some people think it is not so delicious, 17 I don’t agree. Well-prepared natural food has a 18 (good) taste than fast food. Our food is healthy and most customers love it. We use the best meat and the freshest vegetables. At the weekend we play many 19 (kind) of music. There’s also a special menu 20 children on Saturdays and that’s when we serve traditional food. （2023·湖南长沙·中考真题）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Do you know World Letter Writing Day? It falls 21 September 1st every year. It was set up by Richard Simpkin in 2014. He encouraged people 22 (take) a break from today’s social media (媒体) and write a letter to someone by hand. Who should you write to? Think about a friend or relative that lives far away. A parent or best friend would also love to receive 23 (you) letter. How do you write a letter? 24 (general) speaking, a letter includes these parts. The date and a greeting (问候语) such as “Dear…” should be at the top of the letter. A closing such as “Love” or “Yours truly” needs to follow the body. End it by 25 (sign) it. Why should you pick up a pen and write a letter? It is a surprise that may make someone’s day. It’s 26 good way to show people that you have been thinking of them. Everyone loves a personal touch. It makes 27 (enjoy) memories (回忆). Some people save 28 (letter) and look at them over the years. A recent study shows that letter writing 29 (make) the writer happy, too. “Handwriting is your DNA．It’s your fingerprint that only you can share with others,” said Richard Simpkin. So, get some paper 30 pick up a pen. Start writing a letter today! （2023·湖南娄底·中考真题）阅读下面的材料，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号内所给单词的正确形式（每空最多不超过三个单词）。 When I was in primary school, I seldom helped my parents at home. I thought I should spend my time 31 schoolwork to get good grades. My parents did all the 32 （chore）. I used to make a mess and throw my things everywhere. One day, when my mother went home after work and 33 （find）a lot of rubbish in our house, she got so mad at me. She said to me 34 （serious）, “You must do some housework every day from now on.” I talked back loudly, “It is the parents’ job 35 （provide）a clean and comfortable environment at home.” Now I’m 36 15-year-old middle school student. I have a labor（劳动）class at school every week. The teacher 37 （teach）us how to make food, tidy the room, grow some vegetables and so on. I understand that 38 （do）housework is more difficult than I used to imagine. Thinking back those old days, I regret 39 I have done before. I begin to do more housework, so my parents can have a good rest when they come back from work. They are also proud of my change. In my opinion, we children should be independent and take care of 40 （we）. Because it not only helps us learn many basic skills, but also helps us develop good habits. （2023·湖南邵阳·中考真题）阅读下面短文，根据语境、中文、首字母或所给单词的提示，在空白处填入一个恰当的词，要求所填的词意义准确、形式正确、使短文意思完整，行文连贯。 Li Bai was a great poet in the Tang Dynasty. He loved nature, especially big mountains and rivers. When he was 24 years old, he 41 (leave) home and traveled to Chengdu and Mount Emei, and then down the Yangtze River. Li Bai wrote lots of poems about the beautiful mountains. He also wrote a lot about the 42 (月亮). These poems are loved by many Chinese people, f 43 example Thoughts on a Tranquil Night (《静夜思》). In his forties, Li Bai met another great poet, Du Fu, in Luoyang. They two became close friends. They traveled together for some time, visited other poets and had a great time. Li Bai gave Du Fu a lot of inspiration in the art of poetry. But 44 (they) poems were different. Li Bai’s poems were 45 (usual) about nature, while Du Fu wrote many poems to express the feelings of the ordinary people. They will always be remembered. （2）中考模拟 （2025·湖南长沙·一模）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Cultural Differences Nowadays, with the 46 (develop) of globalization, more and more people communicate with those 47 different countries. But we should know that there are many cultural differences. In the way of greeting, for example, people in Western countries usually shake hands firmly when they meet. 48 , in some Asian countries like Thailand, people put their hands together and bow slightly as a greeting. About the concept of privacy, Westerners value it 49 (high). They don’t like others asking about their personal 50 (life), such as age or salary. But in some other cultures, these questions might be seen 51 a way to show care and friendliness. When it 52 (come) to gift-giving, in China, we often refuse a gift several times before accepting it to show politeness. While in Western countries, people usually accept a gift politely and open it in front of the giver 53 (express) their gratitude. These cultural differences exist, but they don’t mean one is better than the other. Instead, they make our world rich and diverse. We should try our 54 (good) to understand and respect these differences. Only in this way can we build better relationships with people from all over the world and make our global village 55 more harmonious place. Let’s embrace the cultural differences and learn from each other to create a more beautiful future together. （2025·湖南长沙·二模）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Food waste is a serious problem worldwide. According 56 a research, millions of tons of food is wasted every year, contributing to environmental pollution. 57 (recent), a new way to help solve this problem called “leftover blind boxes” has won popularity with Chinese consumers (消费者). A great number of young people 58 (show) interest in them since they appeared. Then what are “leftover blind boxes”? They’re packed boxes of food nearing 59 (it) expiration date (保质期), including bread, cakes and sandwiches. People can buy the blind boxes at half price or less. Usually, these blind boxes 60 (sell) out quickly. Xishi Magic Bag is a WeChat mini program that provides such service for people. Many 61 (kind) of leftover blind boxes can be chosen on the mini program. Xishi Magic Bag launches (推出) blind boxes at 7 pm every day. Their prices are between 11. 9 yuan 62 15.9 yuan. “I often buy the leftover blind boxes. It allows me 63 (save) money and prevents food waste. I enjoy it a lot,” said a customer of Xishi Magic Bag. Although the business of leftover blind boxes is hot, it also comes with food safety problems. Some people said that they became sick after eating the food. The idea of leftover blind boxes is 64 (create), but more rules need to be set to make it much more successful. In conclusion, leftover blind boxes are 65 win-win solution for both consumers and the environment. By supporting it, we can take small steps toward a promising future. Let’s make a difference together! （2024·湖南长沙·三模）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 If there are some Lego bricks, what will you build with them? In the hands of Wen Xiaodong, the bricks turned 66 Monkie Kid. The 36-year-old is the designer of the Lego Monkie Kid. Coming out four years ago, it’s 67 first Lego series inspired by Chinese legends (传说). Based on Journey to the West, it tells a story of a teenager on a mission (使命) to save the world with some 68 (friend). While designing it, Wen faced many challenges. One was to make Monkie Kid’s clouds into something playable, in other words, to make sure the large and curvy (弯曲的) clouds match with Lego bricks. After hundreds of tests and with support from experts, Wen 69 (use) a soft and transparent (透明的) material and shaped it into special cloud forms. It highlights (突出) the characteristics of both clouds 70 Lego bricks. “When the clouds 71 (close), you only see the palace,” Wen said. “But when you open 72 (they) up, what comes into sight is details from the Monkie Kid story, like the fight between Monkie Kid and Erlang God.” Wen has all kinds of taste in art. He once wrote lyrics for others and hung out with graffiti (涂鸦) artists. Now he also creates 73 (tradition) Chinese paintings. At work, Wen starts his day by 74 (visit) fashion websites for new ideas. “My favorite part of work is completing a designing task 75 (successful) and starting new ones,” he said. （2024·湖南湘西·三模）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 A little girl thought she was not as 76 (beauty) as other girls, and nobody liked her. So She was hardly happy. She always stayed at home by 77 (she) and didn’t talk to any one. One day, her mom gave her 78 beautiful hair clip (发夹). When she wore it, she looked much more beautiful than before. She decided 79 (go) to school in the beautiful hair clip. On her way to school, she found that people 80 saw her smiled at her. Most of her schoolmates said hello to her, but this never happened before. She 81 (think) that the beautiful hair clip brought them all to her. She was so happy about all of the wonderful 82 (thing). When she went back home after school, her mother asked her, “Did you know your hair clip at home? I found 83 by the door this morning.” She was surprised to hear what her mother said. She didn’t wear the hair clip to school 84 all. It’s not important what we wear or how we look. The most important thing is how we think about ourselves. If we want to do a thing successfully, first try to be confident. 85 we think we can make it, we can. （2024·湖南益阳·三模）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The Chengni inkstone (砚) is one of the “four famous inkstones” in our country. With a history of over 1,000 years, 86 skill of making it had once been lost for hundreds of years. And it was later 87 (bring) back to life by Lin Xiaolin’s grandfather Lin Yongmao and father Lin Tao. 88 1986, Lin Yongmao worked at a museum. He read many 89 (book) about the Chengni inkstone there and decided to make it. Although he learned from the historical papers, this was no easy task. It took him and 90 (he) son two years to find suitable mud (泥浆) materials. After many failures, they at last succeeded in making two Chengni inkstones in 1991. It took 91 (near) a year and dozens of (几十个) steps to make a Chengni inkstone. Lin Xiaolin, as the inheritor (继承人) of the skill of making Chengni inkstones, has 92 (know) Chengni inkstones since his childhood. In 2011, he went abroad to 93 (study) modern technologies. “Passing down the skill holds the key to keeping it alive,” Lin Xiaolin said. He returned to China 94 he graduated from college in 2019. He hoped to make much 95 (many) Chengni inkstones by using modern technologies and traditional designs (设计). And he has got much success. Lin Xiaolin is trying hard to bring more energy to the Chengni inkstone and make it a symbol of Chinese culture. （3）自我测评 （A）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 In Chinese culture, snakes are regarded as symbols of wisdom, rebirth and hope. Some people may find snakes scary because of 96 (they) looks and nature, but snakes truly enjoy respect in Chinese traditions. In the Chinese zodiac (生肖), the snake is the 97 (six) animal. It is a symbol of smartness. People born in the Year of the Snake are often deep thinkers with quick minds 98 good manners. In Chinese mythology (神话) , the snake plays 99 important part. For example, Nüwa, a goddess with a human head and a snake’s body, is believed to be the creator of Chinese people. She made human figures from yellow earth and breathed life into them. Nüwa 100 (be) kind and brave. She saved human beings by 101 (repair) the sky when it broke open. This heroic act shows the snake has much to do with life, death and rebirth. The snake also appears in Chinese literature (文学). The Tale of the White Serpent, tells of Bai Suzhen, a snake who turns into a woman. She falls in love 102 Xu Xian. Her character stands for beauty and honesty. This tale is still one of China’s most popular folk 103 (story) . Snakes have been a part of Chinese culture for 104 (many) than 100 million years. Today, the snake remains a powerful and 105 (meaning) symbol in Chinese culture, carrying the weight of history and the promise of the future. （B）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Birth celebrations in ancient China include a lot of customs and traditions. The celebrations were formed in Zhou Dynasty and spread from 106 rich to the poor. People would hold celebrations for a baby on the birthday, three days 107 birth, one month, a hundred days, and one-year-old birthday. Today, a full month and a hundred days of celebrations, besides birthdays, 108 (be) still common in China. On the baby’s 109 (one) birthday, Draw Lots (抓周) or One-Year-Old Catch, named Zhua Zhou in Chinese, is an important activity. Formed no 110 (late) than Northern and Southern Dynasties, it has been believed to show the baby’s future, personality and hobby. On the baby’s one-year-old birthday, after showering 111 putting new clothes on the baby, the parents would put him or her in the Draw Lots place, a big room with Draw Lots objects set in a circle. Those objects should have similar sizes and should be things that the baby has never played with or never seen before 112 (make) sure it’s fair. Then, the baby will be put in the middle to see which one he or she would catch. Typical Draw Lots objects include books, pens, seals (印章), money, food, rulers, fabric (布料), instruments, painting 113 (brush), toys, and sports goods, and some parents also add modern things like a smartphone. After this celebration, a dinner 114 (hold) to celebrate the baby’s first birthday, when some people would let the baby taste a little bit of grown-ups’ food, representing (象征着) the taste of life. Till then, the whole celebration process of a baby is 115 (real) finished. （C）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Spring Festival couplets (春联) are written on red papers and stuck on the doors during the Spring Festival. It stands for people’s wishes for a happier life in the coming year. When I was young, the couplets were one of the most important 116 (symbol) of the Spring Festival. Sticking couplets was always in 117 first place on the to-do list. And my mother would ask me to take some gifts for people 118 wrote couplets for us. When they were writing, I like to watch how people create these great works by 119 (use) brushes. Later when I was in the 120 (eight) grade, my parents expected me to learn how to write couplets. When learning it, I became interested 121 traditional culture. Every time our family paid visits to relatives during the Spring Festival, I would always look at their couplets. Nowadays the couplets are 122 (wide) printed by machines. The traditional couplets gradually become 123 (few) in the markets as a result. But the red paper and black words will never 124 (forget). They are not only the couplets, but also carry 125 (we) love for traditional culture. （D）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The Dragon Boat Festival falls on the fifth day of the fifth month of the Chinese calendar every year. 126 this festival, there are many kinds of celebrations. People eat rice dumplings and watch dragon boat races. The dragon boat is long with a dragon head at the front and 127 (it) tail at the end. Those 128 (competitor) on the boat paddle (用桨划船) it as far as they can to the finish line. One team member sits at the front of the boat and beats a drum to encourage his team 129 (go) faster and win the race. The story behind the Dragon Boat Festival is about 130 Chinese famous poet (诗人), Qu Yuan. He worked for the king of Chu (楚国), but some people said terrible things about him, and the king became 131 (anger) with him. To avoid being killed, Qu Yuan left Chu and went to a village. While living there, he wrote many famous poems. In 278 BBC, Chu was conquered (攻克) by Qin. Qu Yuan was so sad for his homeland 132 he jumped into the Miluo River. The villagers paddled quickly out on the river 133 they could not find him. Then the local villagers threw rice dumplings into the river so that the fish would leave Qu Yuan’s body alone. Thus the Miluo River 134 (know) for Qu Yuan. Later, eating rice dumplings and holding dragon boat races became 135 (wide) practiced traditions on the Dragon Boat Festival. （E）阅读短文，根据提示或用括号内所给词的适当形式填空。 As China grows stronger and stronger, more and more foreign people have started to learn Chinese. However, most of them find it difficult 136 (learn) Chinese. The problem has caught the attention of a famous AI company (人工智能公司 ) in China. To help foreigners learn Chinese, it has developed 137 smartphone app (应用程序) called IFLY Chinese. With the help of AI-based voice technologies, the app users can learn Chinese 138 (wise) and quickly. When users speak into the app in their own languages, the app can turn the voice messages into Chinese. When they read 139 (sentence) in Chinese, it will give them feedback ( 反馈). It can also correct (纠正) 140 (they) mistakes in their pronunciation and grammar. Finally, it will provide word cards for them to practice and review. With the help of the app, many people have the ability to speak 141 use Chinese. Henry is one of them. He was born in Australia. He started to learn Chinese two years ago. He 142 (make) great progress since he started to use the app. Now he can have conversations 143 his friends. The app has been very popular in foreign countries since it was developed. Now it 144 (use) by hundreds of thousands of people. They are in 145 (many) than one hundred countries. How quickly the number of its users has increased! 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 题型04 阅读短文之填空 （批注+讲解+精练） 目 录 （1）中考真题 1 （2）中考模拟 8 （3）自我测评 16 （1）中考真题 （2024·湖南长沙·中考真题）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Chinese New Year is a great celebration. It 1 (mark) the end of the winter season and the beginning of spring. According to tradition, people like to give flowers and fruits 2 each other during Chinese New Year, because they carry many special 3 (meaning). They represent (象征) the earth coming back to life and best wishes for new beginnings, Orchids (兰花) come in many colors, but many people like purple and red ones for Chinese New Year. They are believed 4 (represent) love and beauty. Orchids say, “Wish you to be 5 (luck), successful and happy.” During the holiday period, this plant is a must. Peonies (牡丹) are like soft clouds in pink, red and white. They are beautiful and can brighten up someone’s day. Red peonies 6 (give) to people to show love and care. Peonies say, “You are special to me.” They are also a symbol of wealth and 7 (rich). Kumquats (金橘), with 8 (they) golden color, ate a symbol of wealth and luck. The Chinese word for “kumquat” sounds like “gold orange”, which connects kumquats with richness. This small fruit tree is often presented in pairs. The apple, with its bright colors 9 round shape, represents peace and harmony (和谐). In fact, the word for “apple” in Chinese sounds like “peace”. 10 (certain), apples make great gifts. 【答案】 1．marks 2．to 3．meanings 4．to represent 5．lucky 6．are given 7．richness 8．their 9．and 10．Certainly 【导语】本文主要介绍人们喜欢在春节期间互赠鲜花和水果这一习俗及背后的意义。 1．句意：它标志着冬天的结束和春天的开始。时态是一般现在时，主语是It，动词用三单，故填marks。 2．句意：根据传统，人们喜欢在春节期间互赠鲜花和水果，因为它们承载着许多特殊的含义。give sth to sb“给某人某物”，故填to。 3．句意：根据传统，人们喜欢在春节期间互赠鲜花和水果，因为它们承载着许多特殊的含义。many修饰可数名词复数，故填meanings。 4．句意：人们认为它们代表着爱和美。be believed to do sth“被相信做某事”，故填to represent。 5．句意：兰花的意思是：“祝你幸运、成功、快乐。”此处在句中作表语，用其形容词形式，故填lucky。 6．句意：红色的牡丹是用来表示爱和关心的。本句主语是动作的承受者，时态是一般现在时，所以用一般现在时的被动语态be done，主语是复数，be动词用are，故填are given。 7．句意：它们也是财富和富裕的象征。此处与wealth并列，用名词形式，故填richness。 8．句意：金黄色的金橘被认为是财富和幸运的象征。此处作定语修饰其后的名词，用形容词性物主代词their，故填their。 9．句意：苹果颜色鲜艳，形状圆润，象征着和平与和谐。前后构成并列关系，用and连接，故填and。 10．句意：当然，苹果是很好的礼物。此处在句中修饰整个句子，用副词Certainly放句首，故填Certainly。 （2024·湖南·中考真题）I work at a most popular restaurant in my hometown. I love working here as a member of a fantastic team. People here are very 11 (friend), and hard-working. I started by washing dishes when I was only 18. I worked hard, and soon became 12 waiter. Simon, who was head chef (主厨) then, began to show 13 (I) how to cook. I loved it so much and I 14 (go) to college to learn more. When Simon left the restaurant, I became head chef. At the time all the food was traditional. The quality (品质) was good, but I wanted to do something different, so I decided 15 (have) a different menu. Now we serve food from all over the country. There are many markets and food shops here. I can 16 (usual) find any ingredient (配料) I need. I use a lot of natural food. Some people think it is not so delicious, 17 I don’t agree. Well-prepared natural food has a 18 (good) taste than fast food. Our food is healthy and most customers love it. We use the best meat and the freshest vegetables. At the weekend we play many 19 (kind) of music. There’s also a special menu 20 children on Saturdays and that’s when we serve traditional food. 【答案】 11．friendly 12．a 13．me 14．went 15．to have 16．usually 17．but 18．better 19．kinds 20．for 【导语】本文讲述了作者在家乡一家非常受欢迎的餐厅工作的经历。 11．句意：这里的人都很友好而且辛勤。分析句子结构可知，此处应用形容词形式，作表语，friendly“友好的”符合。故填friendly。 12．句意：我努力工作，很快就成为一名服务员。根据句意可知，此处表示泛指的一名服务员，使用不定冠词；waiter以辅音音素开头，使用不定冠词a。故填a。 13．句意：西蒙，那时是主厨，开始教我如何做饭。分析句子结构可知，空处使用人称代词宾格，作宾语。故填me。 14．句意：我非常喜欢它，我去大学学习更多。根据空前的“loved”可知，句子时态为一般过去时，此处使用过去式形式。故填went。 15．句意：质量很好，但我想做一些不同的东西，所以我决定有一个不同的菜单。decide to do sth.“决定做某事”，固定词组。故填to have。 16．句意：我可以通常找到我需要的任何配料。分析句子结构可知，此处应用副词，作状语。故填usually。 17．句意：有些人认为它不好吃，但我不同意。根据空前后的句意可知，此处句意发生了转折，but“但是”符合。故填but。 18．句意：精心准备的天然食品比快餐更美味。根据空后的“than”可知，此处使用比较级形式。故填better。 19．句意：在周末我们播放许多种音乐。根据空前的“many”可知，此处使用复数形式。故填kinds。 20．句意：星期六我们还为孩子们提供特别菜单，那时我们供应传统食物。根据“There’s also a special menu…children on Saturdays”的句意可知，此处指为孩子们提供特别菜单，for“为了”符合。故填for。 （2023·湖南长沙·中考真题）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Do you know World Letter Writing Day? It falls 21 September 1st every year. It was set up by Richard Simpkin in 2014. He encouraged people 22 (take) a break from today’s social media (媒体) and write a letter to someone by hand. Who should you write to? Think about a friend or relative that lives far away. A parent or best friend would also love to receive 23 (you) letter. How do you write a letter? 24 (general) speaking, a letter includes these parts. The date and a greeting (问候语) such as “Dear…” should be at the top of the letter. A closing such as “Love” or “Yours truly” needs to follow the body. End it by 25 (sign) it. Why should you pick up a pen and write a letter? It is a surprise that may make someone’s day. It’s 26 good way to show people that you have been thinking of them. Everyone loves a personal touch. It makes 27 (enjoy) memories (回忆). Some people save 28 (letter) and look at them over the years. A recent study shows that letter writing 29 (make) the writer happy, too. “Handwriting is your DNA．It’s your fingerprint that only you can share with others,” said Richard Simpkin. So, get some paper 30 pick up a pen. Start writing a letter today! 【答案】 21．on 22．to take 23．your 24．Generally 25．signing 26．a 27．enjoyable 28．letters 29．makes 30．and 【导语】本文介绍世界写信日，应该写信给谁，应该怎么写信，写信有什么意义等。 21．句意：它是在每年的9月1日。“September 1st”是具体的时间，用介词on，故填on。 22．句意：他鼓励人们从今天的社交媒体中休息一下，手写一封信给别人。encourage sb to do sth“鼓励某人做某事”，故填to take。 23．句意：父母或最好的朋友也会很乐意收到你的信。此处在句中作定语修饰letter，用形容词性物主代词your。故填your。 24．句意：一般来说，一封信包括这些部分。generally speaking“一般来说”，句首需大写首字母。故填Generally。 25．句意：通过签名来结束它。by是介词，其后加动名词作宾语。故填signing。 26．句意：这是一个很好的方式来告诉人们你一直在想着他们。此处泛指一个方法，good首字母发辅音音素，故填a。 27．句意：它带来愉快的回忆。此处作定语修饰memories，用形容词形式。故填enjoyable。 28．句意：有些人把信件保存起来，多年来一直看。根据“them”可知，此处应使用名词复数形式。故填letters。 29．句意：最近的一项研究表明，写信也会让写信人感到快乐。本句时态是一般现在时，主语是“letter writing”，动词用三单。故填makes。 30．句意：所以，拿起纸和笔。分析“get some paper...pick up a pen”可知，前后构成并列关系，用and连接。故填and。 （2023·湖南娄底·中考真题）阅读下面的材料，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号内所给单词的正确形式（每空最多不超过三个单词）。 When I was in primary school, I seldom helped my parents at home. I thought I should spend my time 31 schoolwork to get good grades. My parents did all the 32 （chore）. I used to make a mess and throw my things everywhere. One day, when my mother went home after work and 33 （find）a lot of rubbish in our house, she got so mad at me. She said to me 34 （serious）, “You must do some housework every day from now on.” I talked back loudly, “It is the parents’ job 35 （provide）a clean and comfortable environment at home.” Now I’m 36 15-year-old middle school student. I have a labor（劳动）class at school every week. The teacher 37 （teach）us how to make food, tidy the room, grow some vegetables and so on. I understand that 38 （do）housework is more difficult than I used to imagine. Thinking back those old days, I regret 39 I have done before. I begin to do more housework, so my parents can have a good rest when they come back from work. They are also proud of my change. In my opinion, we children should be independent and take care of 40 （we）. Because it not only helps us learn many basic skills, but also helps us develop good habits. 【答案】 31．on 32．chores 33．found 34．seriously 35．to provide 36．a 37．teaches 38．doing 39．what 40．ourselves 【导语】本文主要介绍了作者小时候很少帮父母做家务，长大了之后理解了做家务的重要性。 31．句意：我想我应该把时间花在功课上以取得好成绩。spend time on sth.“花费时间在某物上”。故填on。 32．句意：我父母做所有的家务。all后加名词复数chores“家务”。故填chores。 33．句意：有一天，我妈妈下班回家，发现我们家里有很多垃圾，她对我很生气。根据“went home...”可知句子用一般过去时，动词用过去式found“发现”。故填found。 34．句意：她严肃地对我说。此处修饰动词said用副词seriously“严肃地”。故填seriously。 35．句意：在家里提供一个干净舒适的环境是父母的工作。provide“提供”，it is one’s job to do sth.“做某事是某人的工作”。故填to provide。 36．句意：现在我是一名15岁的中学生。此处泛指“一名学生”，15以辅音音素开头，用不定冠词a。故填a。 37．句意：老师教我们如何做饭、整理房间、种一些蔬菜等等。此处时态为一般现在时，主语是the teacher，谓语动词用单三teaches“教”。故填teaches。 38．句意：我明白做家务比我以前想象的要困难。此处作主语用动名词。故填doing。 39．句意：回想过去，我后悔以前的所作所为。句子是宾语从句，从句缺少done的宾语，用what引导宾语从句。故填what。 40．句意：在我看来，我们这些孩子应该独立，照顾好自己。根据“we children should be independent and take care of”可知是我们应该学会照顾好我们自己，用反身代词ourselves。故填ourselves。 （2023·湖南邵阳·中考真题）阅读下面短文，根据语境、中文、首字母或所给单词的提示，在空白处填入一个恰当的词，要求所填的词意义准确、形式正确、使短文意思完整，行文连贯。 Li Bai was a great poet in the Tang Dynasty. He loved nature, especially big mountains and rivers. When he was 24 years old, he 41 (leave) home and traveled to Chengdu and Mount Emei, and then down the Yangtze River. Li Bai wrote lots of poems about the beautiful mountains. He also wrote a lot about the 42 (月亮). These poems are loved by many Chinese people, f 43 example Thoughts on a Tranquil Night (《静夜思》). In his forties, Li Bai met another great poet, Du Fu, in Luoyang. They two became close friends. They traveled together for some time, visited other poets and had a great time. Li Bai gave Du Fu a lot of inspiration in the art of poetry. But 44 (they) poems were different. Li Bai’s poems were 45 (usual) about nature, while Du Fu wrote many poems to express the feelings of the ordinary people. They will always be remembered. 【答案】41．left 42．moon 43．(f)or 44．their 45．usually 【导语】本文主要向我们介绍著名的诗人李白，以及李白和杜甫诗歌风格的差异。 41．句意：24岁时，他离开家，到成都和峨眉山旅行，然后沿江而下。本句时态是一般过去时，动词用过去式，故填left。 42．句意：他还写了很多关于月亮的文章。moon“月亮”，在介词后作宾语，故填moon。 43．句意：这些诗歌受到许多中国人的喜爱，例如《静夜思》。for example“例如”，固定短语，故填(f)or。 44．句意：但是他们的诗是不同的。此处作定语修饰“poems”，用形容词性物主代词形式，故填their。 45．句意：李白的诗通常是关于自然的，而杜甫写了很多诗来表达普通人的感情。此处在句中作状语，用副词形式，故填usually。 （2）中考模拟 （2025·湖南长沙·一模）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Cultural Differences Nowadays, with the 46 (develop) of globalization, more and more people communicate with those 47 different countries. But we should know that there are many cultural differences. In the way of greeting, for example, people in Western countries usually shake hands firmly when they meet. 48 , in some Asian countries like Thailand, people put their hands together and bow slightly as a greeting. About the concept of privacy, Westerners value it 49 (high). They don’t like others asking about their personal 50 (life), such as age or salary. But in some other cultures, these questions might be seen 51 a way to show care and friendliness. When it 52 (come) to gift-giving, in China, we often refuse a gift several times before accepting it to show politeness. While in Western countries, people usually accept a gift politely and open it in front of the giver 53 (express) their gratitude. These cultural differences exist, but they don’t mean one is better than the other. Instead, they make our world rich and diverse. We should try our 54 (good) to understand and respect these differences. Only in this way can we build better relationships with people from all over the world and make our global village 55 more harmonious place. Let’s embrace the cultural differences and learn from each other to create a more beautiful future together. 【答案】 46．development 47．from 48．However 49．highly 50．lives 51．as 52．comes 53．to express 54．best 55．a 【导语】本文主要讨论了全球化背景下不同文化之间的差异，并强调了理解和尊重这些差异的重要性。 46．句意：如今，随着全球化的发展，越来越多的人与来自不同国家的人交流。根据“with the...of”可知，空处需要名词，development是不可数名词，故填development。 47．句意：如今，随着全球化的发展，越来越多的人与来自不同国家的人交流。根据“different countries”可知，来自不同国家的人，from符合句意，故填from。 48．句意：然而，在一些亚洲国家，如泰国，人们会将双手合十并微微鞠躬作为问候。根据“in some Asian countries like Thailand, people put their hands together and bow slightly as a greeting.”可知，前后转折关系，however符合句意，首字母大写，故填However。 49．句意：关于隐私的概念，西方人非常重视它。根据“Westerners value it”可知，副词修饰动词，highly符合句意，故填highly。 50．句意：他们不喜欢别人询问他们的个人生活，比如年龄或薪水。根据“about their personal”可知，个人生活，此处需要名词复数，lives符合句意，故填lives。 51．句意：但在其他一些文化中，这些问题可能被视为表达关心和友好的方式。根据“a way to show care and friendliness.”可知，看作一种方法，see sth as...“看作……”，故填as。 52．句意：在送礼方面，在中国，我们通常会多次拒绝礼物，然后再接受，以表示礼貌。根据全文可知，句子时态一般现在时，主语it，comes符合句意，故填comes。 53．句意：而在西方国家，人们通常会礼貌地接受礼物，并在送礼者面前打开，以表达他们的感激之情。根据“open it in front of the giver”可知，动词不定式作目的状语，to express符合句意，故填to express。 54．句意：我们应该尽力去理解和尊重这些差异。try one’s best“尽力”，故填best。 55．句意：只有这样，我们才能与世界各地的人们建立更好的关系，使我们的地球村更加和谐。根据“more harmonious place.”可知，不定冠词表示泛指，more是辅音音素开头，a符合句意，故填a。 （2025·湖南长沙·二模）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Food waste is a serious problem worldwide. According 56 a research, millions of tons of food is wasted every year, contributing to environmental pollution. 57 (recent), a new way to help solve this problem called “leftover blind boxes” has won popularity with Chinese consumers (消费者). A great number of young people 58 (show) interest in them since they appeared. Then what are “leftover blind boxes”? They’re packed boxes of food nearing 59 (it) expiration date (保质期), including bread, cakes and sandwiches. People can buy the blind boxes at half price or less. Usually, these blind boxes 60 (sell) out quickly. Xishi Magic Bag is a WeChat mini program that provides such service for people. Many 61 (kind) of leftover blind boxes can be chosen on the mini program. Xishi Magic Bag launches (推出) blind boxes at 7 pm every day. Their prices are between 11. 9 yuan 62 15.9 yuan. “I often buy the leftover blind boxes. It allows me 63 (save) money and prevents food waste. I enjoy it a lot,” said a customer of Xishi Magic Bag. Although the business of leftover blind boxes is hot, it also comes with food safety problems. Some people said that they became sick after eating the food. The idea of leftover blind boxes is 64 (create), but more rules need to be set to make it much more successful. In conclusion, leftover blind boxes are 65 win-win solution for both consumers and the environment. By supporting it, we can take small steps toward a promising future. Let’s make a difference together! 【答案】 56．to 57．Recently 58．have shown 59．its 60．are sold 61．kinds 62．and 63．to save 64．creative 65．a 【导语】本文主要讲述了“剩菜盲盒”这一新概念，它作为一种减少食物浪费的解决方案，在中国消费者中越来越受欢迎。 56．句意：根据一项研究，每年有数百万吨的食物被浪费，造成了环境污染。according to是固定搭配，意为“根据”，故填to。 57．句意：最近，一种帮助解决这个问题的新方法“剩菜盲盒”在中国消费者中广受欢迎。分析句子结构可知，空格处位于句首，修饰整个句子，因此用副词，形容词recent（最近的）的副词是recently，句首首字母大写，故填Recently。 58．句意：自从它们出现以来，许多年轻人对它们表现出了兴趣。由since可知，主句应用现在完成时，其结构为have/has done，主语为“A great number of young people”，为复数，助动词用have，动词show（展示）的过去分词为shown，故填have shown。 59．句意：它们是接近保质期的盒装食品，包括面包、蛋糕和三明治。it意为“它”，是主格，此处修饰名词expiration date，因此用形容词性物主代词，it的形容词性物主代词为its，故填its。 60．句意：通常，这些盲盒很快就能卖出去。根据usually可知时态为一般现在时，分析句子结构可知，主语these blind boxes和谓语动词sell（卖）之间是被动关系，因此用被动语态，其结构为be + done，主语为“these blind boxes”，be动词用are，sell的过去分词为sold，故填are sold。 61．句意：在这个小程序上可以买到很多种剩菜盲盒。kind意为“种类”，是可数名词，由空格前的“many”可知，此处应用复数形式，故填kinds。 62．句意：它们的价格在11.9元到15.9元之间。Between … and…是固定搭配，意为“在……和之间”，故填and。 63．句意：它让我省钱，防止食物浪费。save意为“节约”，是动词，allow sb. to do sth.是固定搭配，意为“允许某人做某事”，因此此处用不定式，故填to save。 64．句意：剩菜盲盒的想法很有创意，但需要制定更多的规则来让它更成功。create意为“创造”，是动词，此处位于be动词is后，作表语，应用形容词，其形容词为creative，意为“有创意的”，故填creative。 65．句意：总之，剩菜盲盒对消费者和环境都是一个双赢的解决方案。根据题干可知，此处表示剩菜盲盒对消费者和环境都是一个双赢的解决方案，因此用不定冠词表示泛指，win-win以辅音音素开头，因此用不定冠词a，故填a。 （2024·湖南长沙·三模）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 If there are some Lego bricks, what will you build with them? In the hands of Wen Xiaodong, the bricks turned 66 Monkie Kid. The 36-year-old is the designer of the Lego Monkie Kid. Coming out four years ago, it’s 67 first Lego series inspired by Chinese legends (传说). Based on Journey to the West, it tells a story of a teenager on a mission (使命) to save the world with some 68 (friend). While designing it, Wen faced many challenges. One was to make Monkie Kid’s clouds into something playable, in other words, to make sure the large and curvy (弯曲的) clouds match with Lego bricks. After hundreds of tests and with support from experts, Wen 69 (use) a soft and transparent (透明的) material and shaped it into special cloud forms. It highlights (突出) the characteristics of both clouds 70 Lego bricks. “When the clouds 71 (close), you only see the palace,” Wen said. “But when you open 72 (they) up, what comes into sight is details from the Monkie Kid story, like the fight between Monkie Kid and Erlang God.” Wen has all kinds of taste in art. He once wrote lyrics for others and hung out with graffiti (涂鸦) artists. Now he also creates 73 (tradition) Chinese paintings. At work, Wen starts his day by 74 (visit) fashion websites for new ideas. “My favorite part of work is completing a designing task 75 (successful) and starting new ones,” he said. 【答案】 66．into 67．the 68．friends 69．used 70．and 71．are closed 72．them 73．traditional 74．visiting 75．successfully 【导语】本文主要介绍了乐高设计师温笑东设计的“悟空小侠”系列。 66．句意：在温笑东的手中，砖块变成了悟空小侠。turn into“变成”，动词短语，此处指砖块在温笑东的手中变成了悟空小侠。故填into。 67．句意：悟空小侠四年前问世，它是第一个受中国传说启发的乐高系列。序数词first前要加the，表示“第一个”。故填the。 68．句意：它讲述了一个少年和一些朋友一起拯救世界的故事。some后跟名词复数friends。故填friends。 69．句意：经过数百次测试并在专家的支持下，温使用了一种柔软透明的材料并将其塑造成特殊的云形。根据“shaped it into special”可知为一般过去时，动词用过去式。故填used。 70．句意：它突出了云和乐高积木的特点。both...and...“两者都……”，固定搭配。故填and。 71．句意：当云层关闭时，你只能看到宫殿。句子为一般现在时，主语clouds与谓语动词close之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，应为被动语态be done，结合主语clouds可知be动词用are。故填are closed。 72．句意：但当你打开它们时，看到的是悟空小侠故事的细节，比如悟空小侠和二郎神之间的战斗。动词open后用人称代词they的宾格。故填them。 73．句意：现在他也创作传统的中国画。此处需要形容词作定语修饰名词Chinese paintings，tradition的形容词为traditional“传统的”。故填traditional。 74．句意：在工作中，温通过访问时尚网站寻找新的创意来开始他的一天。by后用动名词作宾语。故填visiting。 75．句意：我最喜欢的工作部分是成功完成一个设计任务并开始新的任务。此处需要副词此时动词completing，successful的副词为successfully“成功地”。故填successfully。 （2024·湖南湘西·三模）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 A little girl thought she was not as 76 (beauty) as other girls, and nobody liked her. So She was hardly happy. She always stayed at home by 77 (she) and didn’t talk to any one. One day, her mom gave her 78 beautiful hair clip (发夹). When she wore it, she looked much more beautiful than before. She decided 79 (go) to school in the beautiful hair clip. On her way to school, she found that people 80 saw her smiled at her. Most of her schoolmates said hello to her, but this never happened before. She 81 (think) that the beautiful hair clip brought them all to her. She was so happy about all of the wonderful 82 (thing). When she went back home after school, her mother asked her, “Did you know your hair clip at home? I found 83 by the door this morning.” She was surprised to hear what her mother said. She didn’t wear the hair clip to school 84 all. It’s not important what we wear or how we look. The most important thing is how we think about ourselves. If we want to do a thing successfully, first try to be confident. 85 we think we can make it, we can. 【答案】 76．beautiful 77．herself 78．a 79．to go 80．who 81．thought 82．things 83．it 84．at 85．If 【导语】本文描述了一个自以为不漂亮的小女孩，在戴上了新发卡后遇到的一些事情。故事告诉我们，我们穿得怎样不重要，关键是自己如何看待自己。 76．句意：一个小女孩认为她没有其他女孩漂亮，没有人喜欢她。as+形容词/副词+as，表示“与……一样……”，前有系动词was，空处应填beauty的形容词beautiful“漂亮的”。故填beautiful。 77．句意：她总是一个人待在家里，不和任何人说话。根据“didn’t talk to any one”可知此处指她独自待在家。by oneself“独自”，此处主语是she，反身代词用herself。故填herself。 78．句意：一天，她妈妈给了她一个漂亮的发夹。根据“beautiful hair clip”可知是可数名词，且beautiful是辅音音素开头，空处应填不定冠词a表示“一个”。故填a。 79．句意：她决定戴着漂亮的发夹去上学。decide to do sth“决定做某事”，空处应填动词不定式，故填to go。 80．句意：在上学的路上，她发现看到她的人都对她微笑。分析题干可知，此处是定语从句，先行词是people，在从句中作主语，用who来引导定语从句。故填who。 81．句意：她以为那个漂亮的发夹把他们都带到了她身边。根据上下文可知，本文时态是一般过去时，动词应用过去式，空处填think的过去式thought。故填thought。 82．句意：她对所有美好的事物都感到开心。根据空前的“all of”可知，此处填可数名词thing的复数形式things。故填things。 83．句意：今天早上我在门边发现了它。根据“Did you know your hair clip at home?”可知此处指前文提及的“hair clip”，单数用it“它”来指代。故填it。 84．句意：她根本没带发夹去学校。not at all“根本不”，固定用法，故填at。 85．句意：如果我们认为我们能做到，我们就能做到。分析句子可知，“we think we can make”是“we can”的条件，此处填if“如果”引导条件状语从句，句首单词首字母大写。故填If。 （2024·湖南益阳·三模）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The Chengni inkstone (砚) is one of the “four famous inkstones” in our country. With a history of over 1,000 years, 86 skill of making it had once been lost for hundreds of years. And it was later 87 (bring) back to life by Lin Xiaolin’s grandfather Lin Yongmao and father Lin Tao. 88 1986, Lin Yongmao worked at a museum. He read many 89 (book) about the Chengni inkstone there and decided to make it. Although he learned from the historical papers, this was no easy task. It took him and 90 (he) son two years to find suitable mud (泥浆) materials. After many failures, they at last succeeded in making two Chengni inkstones in 1991. It took 91 (near) a year and dozens of (几十个) steps to make a Chengni inkstone. Lin Xiaolin, as the inheritor (继承人) of the skill of making Chengni inkstones, has 92 (know) Chengni inkstones since his childhood. In 2011, he went abroad to 93 (study) modern technologies. “Passing down the skill holds the key to keeping it alive,” Lin Xiaolin said. He returned to China 94 he graduated from college in 2019. He hoped to make much 95 (many) Chengni inkstones by using modern technologies and traditional designs (设计). And he has got much success. Lin Xiaolin is trying hard to bring more energy to the Chengni inkstone and make it a symbol of Chinese culture. 【答案】 86．the 87．brought 88．In 89．books 90．his 91．nearly 92．known 93．study 94．after 95．more 【导语】本文主要讲述了复兴澄泥砚的故事。 86．句意：它已有一千多年的历史，但制作技术却一度失传数百年。此处特指制作澄泥砚的技艺，应用定冠词the。故填the。 87．句意：后来，蔺霄鳞的祖父蔺永茂和父亲蔺涛使它重现人间。主语it与“bring”存在被动关系，此处应用动词过去分词形式，构成一般过去时的被动语态，故填brought。 88．句意：1986年，蔺永茂在博物馆工作。介词in后接年份。故填In。 89．句意：他在那里读了很多关于澄泥砚的书，决定制作它。many修饰可数名词复数，book的复数是books。故填books。 90．句意：他和他的儿子花了两年时间才找到合适的泥浆材料。此处应用形容词性物主代词his修饰名词son。故填his。 91．句意：制作一个澄泥砚需要将近一年和几十个步骤。根据“It took…a year”可知是指需要将近一年，此处应用副词nearly“几乎”。故填nearly。 92．句意：蔺霄鳞作为澄泥砚制作技艺的继承人，从小就知道澄泥砚。根据“since his childhood”可知，此处应用现在完成时，动词用过去分词known。故填known。 93．句意：2011年，他出国学习现代技术。go abroad to do sth“出国做某事”，不定式表目的。故填study。 94．句意：2019年大学毕业后，他回到了中国。根据“he graduated from college in 2019”可知此处表示“在……之后”，应用after。故填after。 95．句意：他希望通过使用现代技术和传统设计制作更多的澄泥砚。根据“much”可知此处应用more表示比较级。故填more。 （3）自我测评 （A）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 In Chinese culture, snakes are regarded as symbols of wisdom, rebirth and hope. Some people may find snakes scary because of 96 (they) looks and nature, but snakes truly enjoy respect in Chinese traditions. In the Chinese zodiac (生肖), the snake is the 97 (six) animal. It is a symbol of smartness. People born in the Year of the Snake are often deep thinkers with quick minds 98 good manners. In Chinese mythology (神话) , the snake plays 99 important part. For example, Nüwa, a goddess with a human head and a snake’s body, is believed to be the creator of Chinese people. She made human figures from yellow earth and breathed life into them. Nüwa 100 (be) kind and brave. She saved human beings by 101 (repair) the sky when it broke open. This heroic act shows the snake has much to do with life, death and rebirth. The snake also appears in Chinese literature (文学). The Tale of the White Serpent, tells of Bai Suzhen, a snake who turns into a woman. She falls in love 102 Xu Xian. Her character stands for beauty and honesty. This tale is still one of China’s most popular folk 103 (story) . Snakes have been a part of Chinese culture for 104 (many) than 100 million years. Today, the snake remains a powerful and 105 (meaning) symbol in Chinese culture, carrying the weight of history and the promise of the future. 【答案】 96．their 97．sixth 98．and 99．an 100．was 101．repairing 102．with 103．stories 104．more 105．meaningful 【导语】本文介绍了在中国文化中，蛇被视为智慧、重生和希望的象征，在生肖中代表聪慧，神话里女娲与之相关，文学中白娘子的故事流传，历经漫长岁月，蛇至今仍是富有意义的强大文化符号。 96．句意：有些人可能会因为蛇的外表和本性觉得它们可怕。they“它们”，代词主格，又根据“because of…looks and nature”可知，此处应用其对应的形容词性物主代词their作定语修饰名词词组“looks and nature”。故填their。 97．句意：在十二生肖中，蛇是第六个动物。six“六”，基数词，又根据“the…animal”及常识可知，属相蛇位于属相中的“第六”位，应用其对应的序数词sixth表示“第六”。故填sixth。 98．句意：属蛇的人往往是思维敏捷、举止得体的深思者。分析题干，“quick minds”与“good manners”为并列关系，应用连词“and”连接。故填and。 99．句意：在中国神话中，蛇起着重要作用。分析题干，该句考查“play…important part (on sth.)”，意为“在……方面起重要作用”，且important发音是以元音音素开头的单词，应用不定冠词an与之搭配。故填an。 100．句意：女娲善良而勇敢。be“是”，又结合“…kind and brave”及语境可知，该句描述的过去发生的事，时态为一般过去时，且主语“Nüwa”为第三人称单数形式，be动词应用was。故填was。 101．句意：她通过修补裂开的天空拯救了人类。repair“维修，修理，补救”，动词，且介词by后应接其动名词形式。故填repairing。 102．句意：她爱上了许仙。分析题干，该句考查“fall in love with sb.”，为动词短语，意为“爱上某人”，应用介词with与之搭配。故填with。 103．句意：这个故事仍然是中国最受欢迎的民间故事之一。story“故事”，可数名词，且该句考查“one of+可数名词复数”，表示“……之一”，应用其对应的名词复数形式表泛指。故填stories。 104．句意：蛇已经成为中国文化的一部分超过一亿年了。many“许多”。结合语境及“for…than 100 million years”可知，此处指“超过一亿年”，应用其对应的比较级形式与之搭配，“more than”意为“超过”。故填more。 105．句意：今天，蛇仍然是中国文化中强大而有意义的象征，承载着历史的重量和对未来的承诺。meaning“意思，含义”，名词，再结合“a powerful and…symbol”及语境可知，此处指“强大而有意义的象征”，应用其对应的形容词形式meaningful与空前的powerful共同作定语修饰名词“symbol，表示“有意义的，重要的”。故填meaningful。 （B）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Birth celebrations in ancient China include a lot of customs and traditions. The celebrations were formed in Zhou Dynasty and spread from 106 rich to the poor. People would hold celebrations for a baby on the birthday, three days 107 birth, one month, a hundred days, and one-year-old birthday. Today, a full month and a hundred days of celebrations, besides birthdays, 108 (be) still common in China. On the baby’s 109 (one) birthday, Draw Lots (抓周) or One-Year-Old Catch, named Zhua Zhou in Chinese, is an important activity. Formed no 110 (late) than Northern and Southern Dynasties, it has been believed to show the baby’s future, personality and hobby. On the baby’s one-year-old birthday, after showering 111 putting new clothes on the baby, the parents would put him or her in the Draw Lots place, a big room with Draw Lots objects set in a circle. Those objects should have similar sizes and should be things that the baby has never played with or never seen before 112 (make) sure it’s fair. Then, the baby will be put in the middle to see which one he or she would catch. Typical Draw Lots objects include books, pens, seals (印章), money, food, rulers, fabric (布料), instruments, painting 113 (brush), toys, and sports goods, and some parents also add modern things like a smartphone. After this celebration, a dinner 114 (hold) to celebrate the baby’s first birthday, when some people would let the baby taste a little bit of grown-ups’ food, representing (象征着) the taste of life. Till then, the whole celebration process of a baby is 115 (real) finished. 【答案】 106．the 107．after 108．are 109．first 110．later 111．and 112．to make 113．brushes 114．is held 115．really 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了中国古代的生日庆祝习俗，特别是抓周这一传统活动。 106．句意：这些庆祝活动形成于周朝，并从富人传播到穷人。“the+形容词”表示一类人，the rich“富人”。故填the。 107．句意：人们会为新生儿举行多次庆贺：出生当天、出生后第三天、满月、百日以及周岁。根据“People would hold celebrations for a baby on the birthday, three days...birth”可知，应是在婴儿出生后的第三天进行庆祝，介词after“在……之后”符合语境。故填after。 108．句意：如今，除了生日，满月和百天的庆祝活动在中国仍然很常见。此处陈述事实用一般现在时，主语“a full month and a hundred days of celebrations”为复数，be动词用are。故填are。 109．句意：在婴儿的第一个生日时，抓周是一个重要的活动。根据“Draw Lots”和常识可知，“抓周”活动在婴儿的第一个生日举行，此处应用序数词first“第一”表示顺序。故填first。 110．句意：抓周这一活动形成于不晚于南北朝时期，人们相信这一仪式能预示婴儿的未来命运、性格与志趣。no later than“不迟于”，为固定短语。故填later。 111．句意：在婴儿一岁生日时，给婴儿洗完澡并穿上新衣服后，父母会把他或她放在抓周的地方。“showering”和“putting on”为两个并列的动作，应用连词and。故填and。 112．句意：这些物品应该有相似的大小，并且应该是婴儿从未玩过或从未见过的东西，以确保公平。根据“...have similar sizes and should be things that the baby has never played with or never seen before...sure it’s fair.”可知，用大小相似，婴儿从未玩过或见过的物品进行抓周是为了确保公平，此处应用动词不定式to make表目的。故填to make。 113．句意：典型的抓周物品包括书、笔、印章、钱、食物、尺子、织物、乐器、画笔、玩具和体育用品，一些家长还会加入智能手机等现代物品。此处与“instruments”、“toys”等并列，应用复数名词brushes。故填brushes。 114．句意：在这个庆祝活动之后，会举行一场晚餐来庆祝婴儿的第一个生日。主语“a dinner”和hold是被动关系，且此处陈述事实，应用一般现在时的被动语态，主语为第三人称单数，谓语结构用is done。故填is held。 115．句意：直到那时，婴儿的整个庆祝过程才真正结束。修饰形容词“finished”应用副词really“真正地”。故填really。 （C）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Spring Festival couplets (春联) are written on red papers and stuck on the doors during the Spring Festival. It stands for people’s wishes for a happier life in the coming year. When I was young, the couplets were one of the most important 116 (symbol) of the Spring Festival. Sticking couplets was always in 117 first place on the to-do list. And my mother would ask me to take some gifts for people 118 wrote couplets for us. When they were writing, I like to watch how people create these great works by 119 (use) brushes. Later when I was in the 120 (eight) grade, my parents expected me to learn how to write couplets. When learning it, I became interested 121 traditional culture. Every time our family paid visits to relatives during the Spring Festival, I would always look at their couplets. Nowadays the couplets are 122 (wide) printed by machines. The traditional couplets gradually become 123 (few) in the markets as a result. But the red paper and black words will never 124 (forget). They are not only the couplets, but also carry 125 (we) love for traditional culture. 【答案】 116．symbols 117．the 118．who/that 119．using 120．eighth 121．in 122．widely 123．fewer 124．be forgotten 125．our 【导语】本文介绍了中国的春联，春联承载着我们对传统文化的热爱。 116．句意：在我小时候，春联是春节最重要的象征之一。symbol“象征”，可数名词。one of the+形容词最高级+可数名词复数，表示“最……之一”，所以空格处填symbol的复数形式，故填symbols。 117．句意：贴春联总是在任务清单的第一位。空格后的first表示“第一”，是序数词，其前用定冠词the修饰，故填the。 118．句意：并且我妈妈会要我拿些礼物给帮我们写春联的人。分析句子可知，空格处是定语从句的引导词，先行词是people，且引导词在句中作主语，所以空格处填who或that，故填who/that。 119．句意：当他们写春联时，我喜欢看他们是怎么用毛笔创造出这些伟大的作品的。use“使用”，动词。空格前的by是介词，介词后接动名词，故填using。 120．句意：后来我读八年级时，我父母希望我学习如何写春联。提示词是基数词，表示几年级需要用序数词形式。故填eighth。 121．句意：当我学写春联的时候，我对传统文化产生了兴趣。become interested in sth.“对……感兴趣”，故填in。 122．句意：现在春联普遍由机器打印。分析句子可知，空格处是副词，用于修饰动词printed，结合提示词wide可知，空格处填widely，表示“普遍地”，故填widely。 123．句意：因此，传统的对联在市场上逐渐减少。上文提到春联普遍由机器打印，故传统对联变得“更少”了，空处需用比较级形式。故填fewer。 124．句意：但是红纸黑字永远不会被忘记。分析句子可知，the red paper and black words与动词forget之间是被动关系，根据句中的will可知，时态是一般将来时，所以此处用一般将来时的被动语态，结构是：will be+动词过去分词，故填be forgotten。 125．句意：它们不仅仅是春联，而且还承载着我们对于传统文化的热爱。we“我们”，人称代词。根据“carry...love”可知，空格后的love是名词，空格处应填we的形容词性物主代词our，表示“我们的”，故填our。 （D）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The Dragon Boat Festival falls on the fifth day of the fifth month of the Chinese calendar every year. 126 this festival, there are many kinds of celebrations. People eat rice dumplings and watch dragon boat races. The dragon boat is long with a dragon head at the front and 127 (it) tail at the end. Those 128 (competitor) on the boat paddle (用桨划船) it as far as they can to the finish line. One team member sits at the front of the boat and beats a drum to encourage his team 129 (go) faster and win the race. The story behind the Dragon Boat Festival is about 130 Chinese famous poet (诗人), Qu Yuan. He worked for the king of Chu (楚国), but some people said terrible things about him, and the king became 131 (anger) with him. To avoid being killed, Qu Yuan left Chu and went to a village. While living there, he wrote many famous poems. In 278 BBC, Chu was conquered (攻克) by Qin. Qu Yuan was so sad for his homeland 132 he jumped into the Miluo River. The villagers paddled quickly out on the river 133 they could not find him. Then the local villagers threw rice dumplings into the river so that the fish would leave Qu Yuan’s body alone. Thus the Miluo River 134 (know) for Qu Yuan. Later, eating rice dumplings and holding dragon boat races became 135 (wide) practiced traditions on the Dragon Boat Festival. 【答案】 126．On/During 127．its 128．competitors 129．to go 130．a 131．angry 132．that 133．but 134．is known 135．widely 【导语】本文主要介绍了端午节的庆祝活动和起源。 126．句意：在这个节日里，有很多种庆祝活动。on表示在具体的某一天，during表示“在……期间”，用于描述在某个特定的时间段内发生的事情，这里指在端午节或在端午节期间，句首字母大写。故填On/During。 127．句意：龙舟很长，船头有一个龙头，船尾有一条龙尾。根据“… tail at the end”可知，此处应用it的形容词性物主代词its“它的”，用来修饰后面的名词“tail”。故填its。 128．句意：船上的那些选手尽他们所能把船划到终点线。“Those”后接可数名词复数形式，competitor是可数名词，其复数是competitors。故填competitors。 129．句意：一名队员坐在船头击鼓来鼓励他的团队游得更快并赢得比赛。encourage sb. to do sth.是固定用法，意为“鼓励某人做某事”，所以此处要用动词不定式to go。故填to go。 130．句意：端午节背后的故事是关于一位中国著名诗人屈原的。a是不定冠词，用于泛指“一个”，这里表示泛指一位中国著名诗人，且“Chinese”是以辅音音素开头的单词，所以用a。故填a。 131．句意：他为楚王效力，但有人说他坏话，国王对他很生气。“become”是系动词，后面接形容词作表语，anger是名词，其形容词形式是angry。故填angry。 132．句意：屈原为他的祖国如此悲伤以至于他跳进了汨罗江。so...that...是固定结构，意为“如此……以至于……”，引导结果状语从句。故填that。 133．句意：村民们迅速划船到河里，但是他们找不到他。根据“The villagers paddled quickly out on the river … they could not find him.”可知，村民们迅速划船到河里，但是他们找不到他，前后句之间存在转折关系，but“但是”符合语境。故填but。 134．句意：因此汨罗河因屈原而被人们所知。be known for是固定短语，意为“因……而闻名”，这里描述客观实际情况，用一般现在时时，know的过去分词是known。故填is known。 135．句意：后来，吃粽子和举行龙舟比赛成为了端午节广泛流传的传统习俗。根据“became … (wide) practiced traditions”可知，此处应用wide的副词widely “广泛地”修饰动词“practiced”，表示“被广泛实践”，故填widely。 （E）阅读短文，根据提示或用括号内所给词的适当形式填空。 As China grows stronger and stronger, more and more foreign people have started to learn Chinese. However, most of them find it difficult 136 (learn) Chinese. The problem has caught the attention of a famous AI company (人工智能公司 ) in China. To help foreigners learn Chinese, it has developed 137 smartphone app (应用程序) called IFLY Chinese. With the help of AI-based voice technologies, the app users can learn Chinese 138 (wise) and quickly. When users speak into the app in their own languages, the app can turn the voice messages into Chinese. When they read 139 (sentence) in Chinese, it will give them feedback ( 反馈). It can also correct (纠正) 140 (they) mistakes in their pronunciation and grammar. Finally, it will provide word cards for them to practice and review. With the help of the app, many people have the ability to speak 141 use Chinese. Henry is one of them. He was born in Australia. He started to learn Chinese two years ago. He 142 (make) great progress since he started to use the app. Now he can have conversations 143 his friends. The app has been very popular in foreign countries since it was developed. Now it 144 (use) by hundreds of thousands of people. They are in 145 (many) than one hundred countries. How quickly the number of its users has increased! 【答案】 136．to learn 137．a 138．wisely 139．sentences 140．their 141．or 142．has made 143．with 144．is used 145．more 【导语】本文介绍了一种帮助外国人学习中文的小程序。 136．句意：然而，他们大多数发现学习汉语很难。根据“find it 形容词 to do”发现做某事是怎样的，不定式结构作真正宾语。所以是to learn。故填to learn。 137．句意：为了帮助外国人学习中文，它开发了一个叫“IFLY中文”智能手机应用程序。根据横线后“smartphone app”是可数名词，所以横线上表示一个，所以是a。故填a。 138．句意：借助基于人工智能的语音技术，该应用程序用户可以快速，聪明地学习中文。分析句子可知，横线上是副词修饰动词learn。所以将形容词wise变为wisely。故填wisely。 139．句意：当他们读中文句子时，它会给他们反馈。分析句子可知，“sentence”是可数名词，所以将“sentence”变为复数sentences。故填sentences。 140．句意：它也能纠正在他们的发音和语法中的错误。分析句子可知，横线上是限定词修饰名词mistakes，所以将they变为their“他们的”。故填their。 141．句意：在该应用程序的帮助下，许多人都有能力说或使用中文。根据“speak...use”说，使用两者是并列关系，根据语境应是两者其一，所以是or“或者”。故填or。 142．句意：自从他开始使用该应用程序以来，他取得了很大的进步。根据“主句（现在完成时）since（一般过去时）”，所以时态为现在完成时，由于主语是he，所以是has made。故填has made。 143．句意：现在他可以和朋友交流。根据语境是和朋友交流，所以是“with”和。故填with。 144．句意：现在它被数十万人使用。根据横线前的it代指小程序，它和动词use之间是被动关系，时态为一般现在时，描述事实。由于主语是三单，所以是is used。故填is used。 145．句意：他们分布在超过一百多个国家。根据横线后是than，所以横线上是比较级，将many变为more。故填more。 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$