精品解析：上海市浦东新区华东师范大学第二附属中学2024-2025学年高一下学期期中考试英语试题

华东师大二附中2024学年第二学期期中考试卷 高一英语 (考试时间： 120分钟 卷面满分： 140分) 第Ⅰ卷(共108分) I. Listening Comprehension Section A Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1. A. It is low in quality. B. Its price is too high. C. It is worth the price. D. It needs washing by hand. 2. A. Try a vegetarian diet. B. Find a new roommate. C. Look for a well-paid job. D. Engage in physical exercise. 3. A. They wouldn’t mind taking a bus. B. Someone would drive them home. C. They wouldn’t be able to find a phone. D. Their friends would take them to the beach. 4. A. It is a hot topic. B. It is surrounded by plants. C. It is designed by a gamer. D. It is located in the rural area. 5. A. He finds his violin is out of tune now. B. He’s too old to begin studying the violin. C. He has worked as a violinist for a long time. D. He probably lost some of his skills on the violin. 6. A. She is a great play writer. B. She has just opened a Pandora’s box. C. She finished the whole season in a night. D. She is inviting the man to watch TV with her. 7. A. He will see the exhibit after June. B. He can see the exhibit before it closes. C. He visited the new exhibition several times. D. He wants to exhibit his work at the Student Center. 8. A. She is in favour of the man’s plan. B. Her mobile phone needs recharging. C. Her social media accounts are also deleted. D. She thinks the man says too much but does too little. 9. A. He was absent last seek. B. He didn’t win the first prize. C. He canceled the speech contest. D. He didn’t take part in the speech contest. 10. A. He succeeds because of luck rather than persistence. B. He has always been dreaming of travelling to the moon. C. He has never given up on his startup despite the difficulties. ~ D. He invests a lot of money in a company related to space travel. Section B Directions: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of the passages and the conversation. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard. Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage. 11. A. It draws them to her dancing studio. B. It provides them with a chance to socialize. C. It prepares them to be professional dancers. D. It makes them more attractive than young people. 12. A. To illustrate why people dance. B. To describe the steps of traditional dances. C. To explain the origin of a popular dance style. D. To compare traditional dances with mode m ones. 13. A. To introduce a famous dancer. B. To show the benefit of dancing. C. To recommend a way to practice dancing. D. To challenge the public opinion of dancing. Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage. 14. A. Economic growth patterns that succeed in Africa. B. African countries that can buy their way out of hunger. C. The impact of climate change on food supply in Africa. D. The shift of crop farming in Africa due to climate change. 15. A. Potential population growth in Africa. B. The production of six major food crops. C. Serious food shortages all over the world. D. The increase in starving African countries. 16. A. They might struggle with the high cost of agricultural inputs. B. They might be able to increase their purchasing power. C. They might experience severe challenges in food security. D. They might face population decline in the following years. Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation. 17. A. Predicting dreams. B. Scanning the brain. C. Guessing what people see. D. Rebuilding viewed images. 18. A. Developing new scanning devices for the brain. B. Tracking long-term changes in brain chemistry C. Identifying brain activity patterns. D. Predicting the recovery time of brain-injured patients. 19. A. Fully satisfied. B. Close to perfection. C. Basic but promising. D. Revolutionary but impractical. 20. A. Finding subjects. B. Private investment. C. Improper application. D. Constructing facilities. II. Grammar and Vocabulary Section A Directions: Beneath each of the following sentences there are four choices marked A, B, C, and D. Choose the one answer that best completes the sentence. 1. In today’s society ______ temptations and distractions are found everywhere, self-discipline is one of the most important qualities, if not the most important. A. where B. which C. that D. whose 2. ______ by a library of old books with tales, they produced their own book of fairy tales that would charm millions in faraway lands for generations______. A. Inspiring; came B. Inspired; coming C. Inspired; to come D. Inspiring; come 3. It was the way ______the guests ______ in the hotel that influenced their evaluation of the service. A. that; treated B. in which; were treated C. /; would treat D. /; would be treated 4. The new policy provides an excellent opportunity for young entrepreneurs ________ their talents and bring their innovative ideas to life in the highly competitive market. A to showcase B. showcasing C. showcased D. showcases 5. It is said that when Europeans first arrived in North America, 312 different languages were in use, ______123 are now known to be extinct. A. at which B. of them C. of which D. of whom 6. Nowadays, more and more people are opening up about the difficulty the language barrier______ in international communication. A. presents B. present C. presenting D. presented 7. Beidou, ______ as China’s self-developed satellite navigation system, ______a crucial role in various fields such as transportation, surveying and mapping, and national security. A. considered; playing B. being considered; has played C. considered; has played D. considering; playing 8. The new department store ______ on 21st March, but the earthquake prevented this. A. was to have opened B. had to be opened C. was about to open D. had been opened 9. My friend has returned from the UK. She ______ at Oxford for four years, during which time we communicated with each other on the Internet. A. had studied B. has been studying C. has studied D. studied 10. He has made more contributions to the company______ is generally acknowledged, which have laid a solid foundation for its long-term development. A. that B. than it C. which D. than 11. The workshop he learned wood-carving skills ______ last year has been turned into a museum. A. in B. on C. during D. that 12. The Chinese animated blockbuster Ne Zha 2, which ______ traditional Chinese culture, ______ an estimated of 1. 5 billion yuan at the box-office since its release, ______ to audiences of all ages. A. draws on; has sold; appealing B. drawing on; has been sold; appealed C. draws on; is sold; appealing D. drawing on; sells; appealed 13. On March 28, 2025, a powerful 7. 9-magnitude earthquake ______ northern Myanmar near the Chinese border, ______ numerous buildings to collapse and incalculable losses to the local people. A. struck; caused B. struck; causing C. strikes; to cause D. has stricken; causing 14. The plan we are looking forward to seeing ______ should have attracted the government’s attention. A. carrying out B. to carry out C. carried out D. to be carried out 15. ______ is capable of creating innovative works of art that can arouse strong emotional resonances among the audience, will leave a mark in the history of art. A. Whoever B. No matter who C. Who D. Anyone 16. The Miao ethnic group’s cultural heritage, including their unique festivals, exquisite handicrafts and traditional music, is ______ and passed down for future generations. A. worth being preserved B. worthy of being preserved C worthwhile of being preserved D. worthy preserved Section B Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. Is Butter Bad For You? Butter is having a moment. In 2024 American consumption per person hit its highest in almost 60 years. But a new scientific study reports that butter-eating ___17___(associate) with an early death. So is butter really bad for you? Reaching an answer involves understanding that not all fats are alike. At a chemical level, fats can be thought of ___18___ chains of carbon atoms; some are saturated, meaning every carbon atom clings to two hydrogen atoms, and others are unsaturated (不饱和), meaning some carbon atoms bond to only one of hydrogen. Those structural differences can dramatically affect ___19___ those fats interact with the body. Saturated fats, for example, raise levels of cholesterol, a fatty molecule that gathers in arteries and can contribute to cardiovascular disease. They do this, in part, by partially disabling receptors in the liver which cause excess cholesterol ___20___ (extract) from the bloodstream and dumped into bile. Unsaturated fats, by contrast, actively reduce the levels of cholesterol by activating these same liver receptors. Most of the fat in butter is of the saturated variety. It, therefore, stands to reason that butter should have a negative effect on heart health. Indeed, randomised-controlled studies offer good evidence ___21___ replacing butter with plant-based oil can reduce cholesterol. There is more bad news for butter-lovers. The new study, published on March 6th, rely on data from three long-run trials of American medical professionals. For almost 33 years 220,000nurses and doctors ___22___ (survey) regularly about their lifestyle, diet and health. The authors found that those people who ate the most butter(averaging around one tablespoon per day) were 15% ___23___ (likely) to have died during the course of the study than those who avoided the stuff. By contrast, people who consumed the most plant-based oils, such as canola, soybean or olive oil — all ___24___ have low levels of saturated fat — were 16% less likely to die than those who consumed the least. ___25___ the study could not show that butter increased the risk of dying from cardiovascular diseases, consuming more plant-based oils did lower that particular risk. The authors found that ____26____ (replace) ten grams of butter daily with the same amount of plant-based oil appeared to reduce the cancer mortality risk by 17%. III. Vocabulary Section A Directions: Complete the following passages by using the words in the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A. blanket B. craftsmanship C. delicately D. integrating E. medium F. mirrors G. nestled H. sheltering I. snaking J. spark K. typically Enshi, a beautiful city in Hubei Province, is renowned for its stunning natural scenery and rich cultural heritage. Enshi is blessed with a pleasant climate throughout the year, ____27____ in the mountains. Lush forests ____28____ the area, and the air is refreshing establishing it as a natural oxygen bar. The famous Qingjiang River winds through the city, ____29____ like a blue ribbon. Along the river, there are countless peculiarly-shaped peaks and magnificent gorges, such as the Qingjiang Gallery, which attracts numerous tourists with its breathtaking views. Enshi serves as a homeland for diverse ethnic minorities, with the Tujia and Miao ethnic groups being the most prominent. The Tujia people have a long-standing history and a rich tapestry of traditions. Their distinctive dance, the “Hand-waving Dance”, is full of vitality and ____30____ their enthusiasm for life. Their architectural style, represented by the stilt-houses, known as “Diaojiaolou”, is not only practical but also aesthetically pleasing, ____31____ harmoniously with the natural environment. These houses are ____32____ built on slopes or near water. Supported by wooden stilts, the lower part of the house is left open, which can be used for storing tools or ____33____ livestock, while the upper part provides living quarters. The exteriors are adorned with delicate carvings of flowers, birds, and mythical creatures, showcasing the Tujia people’s superb ____34____ . The Miao ethnic group in Enshi also has its own unique charm. Their traditional festivals, such as the Sisters’ Meal Festival, are full of joy and festivity. During this festival, young Miao girls prepare colorful “sisters’ meals”, which are not only delicious but also carry symbolic meanings. Boys and girls use these meals as a(n) ____35____ to express their affection for each other. The Miao people are also well-known for their intricate silver jewelry. Necklaces, bracelets, earrings and ____36____ designed silver headdresses, are not only decorative but also hold cultural significance, representing wealth, status, and protection in Miao society. With its beautiful scenery, rich culture, and delicious food, Enshi is truly a shining gem in western Hubei, eagerly awaiting more people to discover and explore. IV. Reading Comprehension Section A Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. Our days are becoming increasingly jam-packed. The reasons for the rise in “time ____37____” are numerous, but corporate cultures that value busyness are at least partially to blame. Put simply, busyness has become a(n) ____38____. Research led by the Columbia marketing professor Silvia Bellezza shows that people ____39____ others who are busy to be important and impressive. ____40____, newly published studies led by the psychologist Jared Celniker have found that across the United States, France, and South Korea, people consider those who exert high effort to be “morally admirable,” ____41____ their output. However, when it comes to corporate life, busyness is not a(n) ____42____, and it is long past time that organizations stopped lionizing it. Evaluating employees on how busy they are is a terrible way to identify the most creative and productive talent. Yet many firms reward and promote only people who display how “hard” they’re working. The effect on companies and their employees is ____43____. Research indicates that when organizations ____44____ employees, base their incentives primarily on the amount of time they work, and excessively monitor their activities, productivity and efficiency actually drop. While managers now are more ____45____ to reconsidering the value of busyness than they have been in a long time, the obsession with busyness still persist. One of social psychology’s findings is that the harder people work to achieve something, the more they ____46____ it. Known as “effort justification,” this tendency arises even when a task is meaningless. And the more demanding the effort is, the more ____47____ people feel. New hires forced to work long hours on a graveyard shift, for instance, might persuade themselves, if I work this hard, I must really want to be here. The problem is that while we go on ____48____ the tiring labour, we fail to notice burnout creeping up on us. Another reason organizations value busyness is that their customers do. In many cases customers ____49____ endeavor with worth. In one simple demonstration of this phenomenon, experimenters showed that participants liked various items (such as a poem, a painting, and a suit of armor) more and rated them higher in quality and value when they thought more _____50_____ had gone into producing them. Research by the Harvard Business School operations professor Ryan Buell found that cafeteria customers reported _____51_____ with their service when a sandwich was made in front of them — when they could observe the work that went into it — than when an identical sandwich was delivered to them. 37. A. poverty B. pressure C. management D. boundary 38. A. personal trait B. status symbol C. moral code D. cultural outlook 39 A. appoint B. claim C. convince D. perceive 40. A. For example B. In addition C. As a result D. On the contrary 41. A. depending on B. subject to C. regardless of D. according to 42. A. burden B. criterion C. obstacle D. virtue 43. A. substantial B. moderate C. trivial D. marginal 44. A. overcharge B. overload C. overvalue D. overindulge 45. A. opposed B. receptive C. neural D. indifferent 46. A. dismiss B. question C. misinterpret D. value 47. A. commitment B. frustration C. bitterness D. anxiety 48. A. resisting B. illustrating C. exhibiting D. justifying 49. A. equate B. compare C. combine D. confuse 50. A. vigor B. status C. effort D. variety 51 A. fewer compliments B. mounting complaints C. falling ratings D. greater contentment Section B Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. (A) My husband, Aaron Simone, is the secretary of defense — not of our country, but of our household. I promoted him to SecDef after a shameful incident in which I called him late one night while he was away on a fishing trip. I was convinced there was an intruder lurking in our apartment because I kept hearing strange noises outside our bedroom door. The real culprit was the ice maker in our refrigerator, something Aaron guessed a minute into our phone call. But he stayed on the line with me for hours, calming me down and advising me on how to barricade the bedroom door. Needless to say, the ice maker didn’t come for me that night, and all we lost was some sleep. Aaron didn’t get upset with me (bless him), but he did get a security bar for our front door to ensure no one could force their way in at night. And in recognition of his heroism, I appointed him SecDef. “Now, where should we put this thing when we’re not using it?” I asked about the new device. “That’s up to you,” he said. “You’re in charge of the Department of the Interior.” With one position apiece, we felt we should continue to name our Cabinet. Some decisions were easy. He, by far the more confident and competent driver, was a shoo-in for transportation secretary. And since I have more enthusiasm for shopping, I was the natural choice to lead the Department of Commerce. Others aren’t as obvious. My husband does the cooking, but I buy the groceries. So which one of us should oversee the Department of Agriculture? Aaron is more diplomatic than I am, but I host more of our parties. So who’d be the better secretary of state? One appointment came as a surprise to both of us. We were chopping ingredients for a salad(again, who’s in charge of Agriculture? ) when I got — essentially — an onion splinter. Yes, an ultrathin sliver of red onion slipped inside the pad of my finger. As I stared incredulously at my injury, Aaron got the tweezers and plucked out the offending onion. And just like that, he became surgeon general. That said, our Cabinet is far from complete. I’m on deck to run the Department of Education, but my duties won’t start until we have kids. Neither of us has entrepreneurial aspirations, so I doubt we’ll ever have our own Small Business Administration. And our families get along, so we could even get away without a U. N. ambassador. But there’s one Cabinet position neither of us wants and we hope we never need: attorney general. 52. Why did the author promote her husband to SecDef of their household? A. He demonstrated marvellous skill during his fishing trip. B. He physically shielded her from a real intruder in the house. C. He comforted her when she was frightened and added security measures. D. He successfully repaired the malfunctioning ice-maker in the refrigerator. 53. Which of the following most accurately describes Aaron Simone? A. aggressive, restless, and organized B. bold, forgetful, and reliable C. protective, patient, and resourceful D. handy, fearless, and careless 54. What does the fact that they could get away without a “U. N. ambassador” suggest? A. They hold a strong disinterest in international affairs and interactions. B. The relationship among their families is so harmonious that such a role is unnecessary. C. There is no necessity for diplomatic representation in their family setup. D. They are under financial limitations that prevent them from assuming such a position. 55. Which of the following can be the best title of the passage? A. Filling the Cabinet. B. Unconventional Household Roles. C. A Perfect Match. D. Unexpected SecDef Appointment. (B) People are smart, average or stupid, right? Wrong. According to a famous 1983 study by psychologist Howard Gardner, there are actually nine types of intelligence. And everyone has at least one of them. ①______(“nature smart”) These people feel a close connection with nature. If you’re “nature smart”, you might become a farmer, a tree doctor or a chef. Example: Jane Goodall is a famous chimpanzee expert who has spent long periods of time living with chimps and studying their habits. ②Musical intelligence (“musical smart”) People with musical intelligence can recognise musical patterns and tunes quite easily. They’re likely to become musicians, conductors or music critics. ③Logical-mathematical intelligence (“number smart”) Number smart people are analytical, think logically and enjoy studying patterns. They make good mathematicians, scientists or inventors. Example: Physicist Stephen Hawking has done a lot of important work on the Big Bang Theory and wrote the best-selling non-fiction book A Brief History of Time (1988). ④______(“soul smart”) These people try to answer philosophical questions such as, “What’s the meaning of life?” They often become life coaches, theologians or philosophers. Example: The work of ancient Greek philosopher Socrates remains influential in modern philosophy and in the study of ethics. ⑤______(“people smart”) Someone with this sort of intelligence is called a “people person”. They are skilled communicators and make great psychologists, politicians and salespeople. Example: Bill Clinton has a knack for making people like him— he even managed to remain popular after the Monica Lewinsky scandal! ⑥Bodily-kinaesthetic intelligence (“body smart”) Sportspeople, dancers and surgeons are “body smart”. They’ve got impressive hand-eye coordination and excellent motor skills. Example: The late singer Michael Jackson was famous for his impressive dance routines. ⑦Linguistic intelligence (“word smart”) These people love words, and they’re good at using them. If you’re “word smart”, you construct convincing arguments and might become a writer, politician or lawyer. Example: Barack Obama is renowned for his powerful speeches and has written two bestselling books. ⑧______(“self smart”) “Self smart” people enjoy analysing their thoughts and feelings. They might become psychologists, spiritual leaders or philosophers. Example: Sigmund Freud (1856-1939) was an Austrian neurologist who is known as the founding father of psychoanalysis. ⑨Spatial intelligence (“picture smart”) People with spatial intelligence are good at interpreting shapes and sizes and the relationship between objects. They tend to work as artists, designers and sculptors. Example: Spanish painter Salvador Dali’s surrealist paintings are full of complex shapes and perspectives. So, which types of intelligence have you got? 56. What does the underlined word “knack” most likely mean in this context? A. habit B. talent C. charm D. trick 57. What terms are supposed to be filled in the blanks respectively? A. ①Naturalist intelligence, ④Existential intelligence, ⑤Interpersonal intelligence, ⑧Intra-Personal intelligence B. ①Existential intelligence, ④Naturalist intelligence, ⑤Interpersonal intelligence, ⑧Intra-Personal intelligence C. ①Naturalist intelligence, ④Interpersonal intelligence, ⑤Intra-Personal intelligence, ⑧Existential intelligence D. ①Intra-Personal intelligence, ④Interpersonal intelligence ⑤ Existential intelligence, ⑧Naturalist intelligence 58. Based on the description of different intelligences, which two types of intelligence would likely be most beneficial for a career in advertising? A. Logical-mathematical intelligence and Spatial-intelligence. B. Musical intelligence and Bodily-kinaesthetic intelligence. C. Naturalist intelligence and Existential intelligence. D. Linguistic intelligence and Interpersonal intelligence. (C) Section C Directions: Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need. Telephobia While picking up the phone when it rings may feel like a natural reaction, for many young people, answering a call has become an anxiety-inducing experience. Instead of calling, younger generations are relying on texts, voice notes, and social media to communicate, avoiding the spontaneity of real-time conversation, causing more and more people to be scared of making a phone call. The phenomenon even has a name — telephobia. Stephanie Wijkstrom, CEO and Founder of the Counseling and Wellness Center of Pittsburgh, told Newsweek: “ ___59___ . Those who experience it often exhibit anxiety, avoidance behaviors, and sometimes physical symptoms such as an elevated heart rate or perspiration when anticipating a phone call.” In a 2024 Uswitch survey of 2, 000 U. K. adults, nearly 70 percent of those aged 18-34preferred texting over talking, with 23 percent admitting they never answer calls at all. The reluctance to pick up the phone is often linked to avoiding scam calls, but social factors also play a role. Wijkstrom explained: “In our digital age, texting and online messaging serve as our primary modes of communication, and we often feel less vulnerable and more comfortable than in a live conversation or phone call. ___60___. As a result, phone calls, with their spontaneity, are perceived as overwhelming. ___61___. Nottingham College in the U. K. has started running sessions to help students build their confidence on the phone. Its ‘Five Steps to Telephone Confidence’ session was developed after career advisors noticed students struggling with phone interviews. Liz Baxter, a careers advisor at the college, told Newsweek: “It is increasingly difficult to make calls these days. Companies use virtual assistants, AI, and often direct customers to websites. Teenagers find it easier to text or leave voice notes, meaning they have fewer experiences with real-time conversation and response formulation.” Thankfully, beating telephobia is possible. Wijkstrom said: “With patience and intentional practice, telephobia can be overcome. ___62___. Individuals can also slowly increase their exposure to phone calls in a low-pressure situation to desensitize an anxious response. Deep breathing before a call is one method to practice mindfulness, which can help regulate the nerves and reduce stress.” A. Plus, social media contributes to the environment of curated interactions. B. Telephobia is an intense fear or discomfort of phone calls. C. Exploring and understanding the root of the fear is a help ful starting position. D. Texts allow them to think and overthink their responses, hence their preference for this. E. In some places, there are already steps to tackle the issue of telephobia in young people. F. However, phone calls are believed to convey emotions more accurately than other forms of communication. III. Summary Writing 63. Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. Should Schools Ban Smartphones? France has not allowed smartphone use in primary or secondary schools since 2018, claiming that it would help children focus, reduce their social-media use and alleviate online bullying. The key question is whether banning smartphones in schools offers any benefits to mental health. A recent study, led by Amy Orben at the University of Cambridge, asked 17, 409 people between the ages of 10 and 21 how satisfied they were with their lives and how much they used social media. The findings, reported in 2024 in Nature Communications, show that girls who increased their social media use over the course of a year were significantly less satisfied with their lives if the increase took place when they were between 11 and 13. Boys showed the same trend when increases took place when they were 14 or 15 years old. How much of this will change by banning phones in schools is unclear. In a paper published in the Lancet in February, Victoria Goodyear at the University of Birmingham compared the mental well-being of students in schools that implemented restrictive smartphone policies with those with relaxed policies. Her results show that, though those who spent more time on a smartphone overall have a decline in mental well-being, there was no difference between the two groups. She and her colleagues argue that setting up policies at schools alone is simply not enough. Researchers are trying to paint a complete picture with both hands tied behind their back. According to Dr Orben, social-media companies routinely refuse to give independent researchers access to detailed data on the behaviour of their users. This forces researchers to rely on less accurate proxy measures, like overall screen time. It means that children playing educational games are being put in the same analytical bin as children who are on social media. A more nuanced(细致的) picture of the effects of smartphones needs to be drawn. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第Ⅱ卷(共32分) I. Spelling Directions: Write out the words according to the relevant definitions. The first letter is given to you. 64. d______v. to damage sth so badly that it no longer exists, works, etc. 65. p______adv. lasting for a long time or for all time in the future 66. i______v. to make the meaning of sth clearer by using examples, pictures, etc; to use pictures, photographs, diagrams, etc in a book, etc 67. a______n. the power to give orders to people 68. r______adj. not done, seen, happening, etc, very often 69. p______v. to get sth useful from a situation; to be useful to sb or give them an advantage 70. c______v. to use numbers to find out a total number, amount, distance, etc 71. a______adj. having the most modern and recently developed ideas, methods, etc; (of a course of study) at a high or difficult level 72. g______n. all the people born and living at about the same time 73. p______adj. connected with real situations rather than with ideas or theories II. Recitation Directions: Fill in each blank with one missing word according to the text. 74. She ______ in the field for ten to twelve hours every day in temperatures of over 30℃, but she was paid very little. (根据句意单词拼写) 75. But for most of all, it’s a story about choices, and our choices can make a ______. (根据句意单词拼写) 76. Developers predict that the system will not only grow in popularity within China, but ______ as well. (根据句意单词拼写) 77. In addition to their clothing, Miao women usually wear various kinds of silver articles at weddings and on other special______. (根据句意单词拼写) 78. Agriculture is another area where there are ______ for the system. (根据句意单词拼写) 79. For instance, the BDS can be used to control driverless tractors as they turn ______ the fields. (根据句意单词拼写) 80. Although the BDS is ______ Chinese origin, the developers have said that “China’s BeiDou is the world’s DeiDou”, and they are actively promoting international cooperation. (根据句意单词拼写) 81. And when the system is complete and fully operational in the years to come, the BDS will ______ provide countless benefits to China and the rest of the world. (根据句意单词拼写) 82. It appears that through the ages and across different cultures, people have always changed their bodies and faces for a wide variety of reasons: sometimes to help them look more beautiful, and sometimes to enable them to show social position or display group ______. (根据句意单词拼写) 83. ______ it is wearing make-up or decorating the body with tattoos, rings and piercings, different cultures view these things with different eyes. (根据句意单词拼写) 84. The stories ______ into Miao jewellery often include lively and delicate images of dragons, phoenixes, flowers and birds. (根据句意单词拼写) 85. To the Miao, silver is a key ______ of wealth and social position. (根据句意单词拼写) III. Phrases Directions: Fill in the blanks with the proper forms of the phrases given in the box. Note that each phrase can be used only once and there are two phrases more than you need. appeal to bombard... with... decorate... with... hang up have a low opinion of in spite of iron out no wonder 86. Due to severe injuries, the once promising athlete, who had been a key player in the national team for over a decade, ________ his boots and brought his glorious sports career to an end. 87. The speaker, ________ a series of hostile questions from the audience, remained calm and tried to answer them one by one, hoping to clarify the misunderstandings. 88. The old-fashioned study, filled with rows of well-worn bookshelves and ________ antique maps and calligraphy works, radiates a strong sense of nostalgia. 89. The advertising campaign for the new smartphone model is carefully crafted ________ young consumers, with its sleek design, advanced features, and affordable price point. 90. The technical failure in the software, which caused frequent crashes ________ by the experienced engineers after days of intense work. 91. ________ the deep-rooted cultural differences between the two countries, the diplomats are breaking sweat to promote dialogue and cooperation, hoping to build a more stable and harmonious relationship. IV. Translation Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 92. 当她看到那些旧照片时，童年的回忆如潮水般涌来，她毫不犹豫地拿起电话给老朋友们打了过去。(flood) (汉译英) __________________________________________________________________________________ 93. 由于缺乏充足的资金支持，那家新兴科技公司似乎难以在竞争激烈的市场中立足。(appear) (汉译英) __________________________________________________________________________________ 94. 这个地区拥有几十处旅游景点，令人叹为观止的景色无疑会让它们在游客中越来越受欢迎，为当地旅游业带来繁荣。(boast) (汉译英) __________________________________________________________________________________ 95. 苗族社区的教师们不遗余力地确保学生在学校深入学习《苗族史诗》，他们的悉心教导让年轻一代对本民族文化有了深深的认同感和自豪感。(whose) (汉译英) __________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 华东师大二附中2024学年第二学期期中考试卷 高一英语 (考试时间： 120分钟 卷面满分： 140分) 第Ⅰ卷(共108分) I. Listening Comprehension Section A Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1. A. It is low in quality. B. Its price is too high. C. It is worth the price. D. It needs washing by hand. 2. A. Try a vegetarian diet. B. Find a new roommate. C. Look for a well-paid job. D. Engage in physical exercise. 3. A. They wouldn’t mind taking a bus. B. Someone would drive them home. C. They wouldn’t be able to find a phone. D. Their friends would take them to the beach. 4. A. It is a hot topic. B. It is surrounded by plants. C. It is designed by a gamer. D. It is located in the rural area. 5. A. He finds his violin is out of tune now. B. He’s too old to begin studying the violin. C. He has worked as a violinist for a long time. D. He probably lost some of his skills on the violin. 6. A. She is a great play writer. B. She has just opened a Pandora’s box. C. She finished the whole season in a night. D. She is inviting the man to watch TV with her. 7. A. He will see the exhibit after June. B. He can see the exhibit before it closes. C. He visited the new exhibition several times. D. He wants to exhibit his work at the Student Center. 8. A. She is in favour of the man’s plan. B. Her mobile phone needs recharging. C. Her social media accounts are also deleted. D. She thinks the man says too much but does too little. 9. A. He was absent last seek. B. He didn’t win the first prize. C. He canceled the speech contest. D. He didn’t take part in the speech contest. 10. A. He succeeds because of luck rather than persistence. B. He has always been dreaming of travelling to the moon. C. He has never given up on his startup despite the difficulties. ~ D. He invests a lot of money in a company related to space travel. Section B Directions: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of the passages and the conversation. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard. Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage. 11. A. It draws them to her dancing studio. B. It provides them with a chance to socialize. C. It prepares them to be professional dancers. D. It makes them more attractive than young people. 12. A. To illustrate why people dance. B. To describe the steps of traditional dances. C. To explain the origin of a popular dance style. D. To compare traditional dances with mode m ones. 13. A. To introduce a famous dancer. B. To show the benefit of dancing. C. To recommend a way to practice dancing. D. To challenge the public opinion of dancing. Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage. 14. A. Economic growth patterns that succeed in Africa. B. African countries that can buy their way out of hunger. C. The impact of climate change on food supply in Africa. D. The shift of crop farming in Africa due to climate change. 15. A. Potential population growth in Africa. B. The production of six major food crops. C. Serious food shortages all over the world. D. The increase in starving African countries. 16. A. They might struggle with the high cost of agricultural inputs. B. They might be able to increase their purchasing power. C. They might experience severe challenges in food security. D. They might face population decline in the following years. Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation. 17. A. Predicting dreams. B. Scanning the brain. C. Guessing what people see. D. Rebuilding viewed images. 18. A. Developing new scanning devices for the brain. B. Tracking long-term changes in brain chemistry C. Identifying brain activity patterns. D. Predicting the recovery time of brain-injured patients. 19. A. Fully satisfied. B. Close to perfection. C. Basic but promising. D. Revolutionary but impractical. 20. A. Finding subjects. B. Private investment. C. Improper application. D. Constructing facilities. II. Grammar and Vocabulary Section A Directions: Beneath each of the following sentences there are four choices marked A, B, C, and D. Choose the one answer that best completes the sentence. 1. In today’s society ______ temptations and distractions are found everywhere, self-discipline is one of the most important qualities, if not the most important. A. where B. which C. that D. whose 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：在当今社会，诱惑和干扰无处不在，自律是最重要的品质之一，如果不是最重要的品质的话。设空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词society，关系词在从句中作地点状语，应用where，故填A。 2. ______ by a library of old books with tales, they produced their own book of fairy tales that would charm millions in faraway lands for generations______. A. Inspiring; came B. Inspired; coming C. Inspired; to come D. Inspiring; come 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：受到一图书馆带有故事的古书的启发，他们创作了自己的童话书，这本童话书将会使遥远国度的数百万人在未来的几代人中着迷。 第一个空：空白处在句中作状语，与其逻辑主语they之间是动宾关系，使用过去分词，故第一个空填inspired；第二个空：空白处在句子中作后置定语，表示一个指向将来的不确定的动作，使用动词不定式，所以第二个空填to come。故选C项。 3. It was the way ______the guests ______ in the hotel that influenced their evaluation of the service. A. that; treated B. in which; were treated C. /; would treat D. /; would be treated 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：客人在酒店受到的待遇影响了他们对服务的评价。第一空定语从句修饰先行词way，可用that/in which或不填，引导定语从句；第二空主语与谓语构成被动关系，根据上文was可知为一般过去时的被动语态，谓语用复数。故选B。 4. The new policy provides an excellent opportunity for young entrepreneurs ________ their talents and bring their innovative ideas to life in the highly competitive market. A. to showcase B. showcasing C. showcased D. showcases 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：新政策为年轻企业家提供了一个绝佳的机会来展示他们的才华，并在竞争激烈的市场中实现他们的创新想法。provides为句子谓语，空处修饰名词“opportunity”，应用动词不定式作定语，构成provide an opportunity for sb to do sth，含义为“为某人提供做某事的机会”。故选A。 5. It is said that when Europeans first arrived in North America, 312 different languages were in use, ______123 are now known to be extinct. A. at which B. of them C. of which D. of whom 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：据说，当欧洲人第一次到达北美时，有312种不同的语言在使用，其中123种现在已知已经灭绝。此处引导非限定性定语从句，关系词指代前面的先行词312 different languages，使用of which，表达部分与整体的关系，即312种语言中的123种。故选C。 6. Nowadays, more and more people are opening up about the difficulty the language barrier______ in international communication. A. presents B. present C. presenting D. presented 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查时态。句意：如今，越来越多的人开始意识到语言障碍在国际交流中所带来的困难。the language barrier______ in international communication是定语从句，修饰先行词the difficulty，present在从句作谓语，句子描述的是现在的一般情况，所以定语从句的时态应该用一般现在时，谓语用三单形式。故选A。 7. Beidou, ______ as China’s self-developed satellite navigation system, ______a crucial role in various fields such as transportation, surveying and mapping, and national security. A. considered; playing B. being considered; has played C. considered; has played D. considering; playing 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词和动词时态。句意：北斗，被认为是中国自主研发的卫星导航系统，已经在交通、测绘以及国家安全等各个领域中发挥着至关重要的作用。第一空作后置定语，Beidou和consider为逻辑动宾关系，需用过去分词形式；第二空作谓语，此处表示过去发生的事情对现在产生影响，使用现在完成时。故选C。 8. The new department store ______ on 21st March, but the earthquake prevented this. A. was to have opened B. had to be opened C. was about to open D. had been opened 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查时态和虚拟语气。句意：这家新百货商店原计划在3月21日开业，但地震阻止了这一计划。这家新百货商店原计划在3月21日开业，但地震阻止了这一计划。A. was to have opened表示本打算开业但实际上没开业；B. had to be opened不得不被开业；C.was about to open即将开业；D. had been opened已经被开业。根据句意可知是原计划开业，但未开业，故选A。 9. My friend has returned from the UK. She ______ at Oxford for four years, during which time we communicated with each other on the Internet. A. had studied B. has been studying C. has studied D. studied 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：我的朋友从英国回来了。她在牛津学习了四年，期间我们通过互联网保持联系。根据“My friend has returned from the UK.”和“during which time we communicated with each other on the Internet”可知，“学习”的动作发生在过去特定时间段，且已经结束，因此用一般过去时描述过去发生的动作。A. had studied过去完成时，强调在另一个过去动作之前完成，但句中无其他过去动作参照；B. has been studying现在完成进行时，强调动作持续至今，与“已回国”矛盾；C. has studied现在完成时，强调与现在的联系，但“学习”动作已终止。故选D。 10. He has made more contributions to the company______ is generally acknowledged which have laid a solid foundation for its long-term development. A. that B. than it C. which D. than 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查固定句型。句意：他为公司做出的贡献超出了人们的普遍认知，为公司的长远发展奠定了坚实的基础。more...than...除了表示比较“比…… 更多”之外，还可以用于 more...than...引导的定语从句结构中，than作为关系代词，在从句中充当主语、宾语等成分，more contributions是先行词，______ is generally acknowledged是定语从句部分，than在从句中作主语，故选D。 11. The workshop he learned wood-carving skills ______ last year has been turned into a museum. A. in B. on C. during D. that 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查介词表地点方位。句意：他去年学习木雕技艺的那个车间已经被改建成了一个博物馆。本句为包含定语从句的复合句，修饰先行词the workshop，表示“在车间里学习木雕技艺”，用介词 in。故选 A 项。 12. The Chinese animated blockbuster Ne Zha 2, which ______ traditional Chinese culture, ______ an estimated of 1. 5 billion yuan at the box-office since its release, ______ to audiences of all ages. A. draws on; has sold; appealing B. drawing on; has been sold; appealed C. draws on; is sold; appealing D. drawing on; sells; appealed 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】动词时态、非谓语动词、主谓一致。 句意：中国动画大片《哪吒2》借鉴了中国传统文化，自上映以来票房已突破15亿元，吸引了各个年龄段的观众。which 引导的定语从句，从句缺少谓语，且在陈述客观事实，为一般现在时。主语为The Chinese animated blockbuster Ne Zha 2，谓语为单数形式，所以第一个空为draws on。根据since its release可知，第二个空为现在完成时，主语与谓语为主动关系，所以空处为has sold；第三个空为非谓语动词，The Chinese animated blockbuster Ne Zha 2与appeal to之间为主动关系，用现在分词作状语。故选A项。 13. On March 28, 2025, a powerful 7. 9-magnitude earthquake ______ northern Myanmar near the Chinese border, ______ numerous buildings to collapse and incalculable losses to the local people. A. struck; caused B. struck; causing C. strikes; to cause D. has stricken; causing 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查动词的时态和非谓语动词。句意：2025年3月28日，一场强烈的7.9级地震袭击了中缅边境附近的缅甸北部地区，导致众多建筑物倒塌，并给当地民众带来了不可估量的损失。第1空处，strike(疾病/灾难等侵袭)是谓语动词，结合时间状语“On March 28, 2025”可知，讲述过去的事情用一般过去时态，用过去式struck；第2空处，“(cause) numerous buildings to collapse and incalculable losses to the local people”作结果状语，cause(导致)是非谓语动词，与其逻辑主语“a powerful 7. 9-magnitude earthquake”之间是主动关系，用现在分词表示情理之中的结果。故选B项。 14. The plan we are looking forward to seeing ______ should have attracted the government’s attention. A. carrying out B. to carry out C. carried out D. to be carried out 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我们期待实施的计划本应引起政府的注意。此处carry out与plan构成被动关系，故用过去分词作宾语补足语。故选C。 15. ______ is capable of creating innovative works of art that can arouse strong emotional resonances among the audience, will leave a mark in the history of art. A. Whoever B. No matter who C. Who D. Anyone 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查主语从句。句意：任何能够创作出引发观众强烈情感共鸣的创新艺术作品的人，都将在艺术史上留下印记。空处作主语从句的引导词，主语从句缺少主语，主语指人，且句意强调“任何能创作出创新艺术作品的人”都会在艺术史上留名，因此用Whoever，泛指任何一个这样的人。故选A。 16. The Miao ethnic group’s cultural heritage, including their unique festivals, exquisite handicrafts and traditional music, is ______ and passed down for future generations. A. worth being preserved B. worthy of being preserved C. worthwhile of being preserved D. worthy preserved 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查固定搭配。句意：苗族的文化遗产，包括他们独特的节日、精美的手工艺品和传统音乐，值得被保护并传承给后代。“值得做某事”可以用“be worth doing”或“be worthy of being done”或“be worthy to be done”或“be worthwhile to do/doing”来表示。四个选项中，只有选项B“be worthy of being preserved”结构正确，符合题意。故选B项。 Section B Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. Is Butter Bad For You? Butter is having a moment. In 2024 American consumption per person hit its highest in almost 60 years. But a new scientific study reports that butter-eating ___17___(associate) with an early death. So is butter really bad for you? Reaching an answer involves understanding that not all fats are alike. At a chemical level, fats can be thought of ___18___ chains of carbon atoms; some are saturated, meaning every carbon atom clings to two hydrogen atoms, and others are unsaturated (不饱和的), meaning some carbon atoms bond to only one of hydrogen. Those structural differences can dramatically affect ___19___ those fats interact with the body. Saturated fats, for example, raise levels of cholesterol, a fatty molecule that gathers in arteries and can contribute to cardiovascular disease. They do this, in part, by partially disabling receptors in the liver which cause excess cholesterol ___20___ (extract) from the bloodstream and dumped into bile. Unsaturated fats, by contrast, actively reduce the levels of cholesterol by activating these same liver receptors. Most of the fat in butter is of the saturated variety. It, therefore, stands to reason that butter should have a negative effect on heart health. Indeed, randomised-controlled studies offer good evidence ___21___ replacing butter with plant-based oil can reduce cholesterol. There is more bad news for butter-lovers. The new study, published on March 6th, rely on data from three long-run trials of American medical professionals. For almost 33 years 220,000nurses and doctors ___22___ (survey) regularly about their lifestyle, diet and health. The authors found that those people who ate the most butter(averaging around one tablespoon per day) were 15% ___23___ (likely) to have died during the course of the study than those who avoided the stuff. By contrast, people who consumed the most plant-based oils, such as canola, soybean or olive oil — all ___24___ have low levels of saturated fat — were 16% less likely to die than those who consumed the least. ___25___ the study could not show that butter increased the risk of dying from cardiovascular diseases, consuming more plant-based oils did lower that particular risk. The authors found that ____26____ (replace) ten grams of butter daily with the same amount of plant-based oil appeared to reduce the cancer mortality risk by 17%. 【答案】17. is associated 18. as 19. how 20. to be extracted 21. that 22. have been surveyed 23. more likely 24. of which 25. Although##Though##While 26. replacing 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要探讨了黄油对人体是否有害的问题。 【17题详解】 考查固定短语和主谓一致。句意：但一项新的科学研究报告称，吃黄油与早逝有关。“be associated with”是固定短语，意为“与…… 有关联”，这里描述的是一般性情况，主语“butter-eating”是动名词作主语，视为单数，故填is associated。 【18题详解】 考查固定短语。句意：在化学层面上，脂肪可以被认为是碳原子链。“think of...as...”是固定短语，意为“把……看作……”，故填as。 【19题详解】 考查宾语从句。句意：这些结构上的差异会极大地影响脂肪如何与身体的相互作用。 空处为“affect”的宾语从句，从句中结构完整，根据语境，这里表示“如何”，应用“how”引导宾语从句。故填how。 【20题详解】 考查不定式的被动语态。 句意：他们这样做的部分原因是，部分地使肝脏中的受体丧失功能，导致过量的胆固醇从血液中被提取出来并倾倒到胆汁中。“cause sth. to be done”是固定用法，意为“使某事被做”，“cholesterol”和“extract”之间是被动关系，故填to be extracted。 【21题详解】 考查同位语从句。句意：事实上，随机对照研究提供了很好的证据，用植物油代替黄油可以降低胆固醇。“evidence”后是一个同位语从句，解释说明“evidence”的内容，从句结构和意义完整，所以用“that”引导同位语从句。故填that。 【22题详解】 考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：33年来，22万名护士和医生对他们的生活方式、饮食和健康状况进行了定期调查。设空处为谓语，根据For almost 33 years应用现在完成时，主语和谓语之间是被动关系，主语220,000nurses and doctors是复数，助动词用have，have been surveyed。 【23题详解】 考查比较级。句意：研究人员发现，在研究过程中，那些吃黄油最多的人（平均每天大约一汤匙）比那些不吃黄油的人死亡的可能性高15%。 根据“than”可知，这里用比较级，“likely”的比较级是“more likely”，表示“更有可能”。故填more likely。 【24题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：相比之下，食用植物油最多的人，如菜籽油、大豆油或橄榄油——它们的饱和脂肪含量都很低——死亡的可能性比食用黄油最少的人低16%。设空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是“plant-based oils”，指物，应用which，和all是所属关系，应借助于介词of。故填of which。 【25题详解】 考查连词。句意：虽然这项研究不能证明黄油会增加死于心血管疾病的风险，但食用更多的植物油确实会降低这种风险。根据前后句的逻辑关系，这里表示“尽管这项研究不能表明黄油会增加死于心血管疾病的风险，但食用更多的植物油确实降低了这种、风险”，所以用 “although/though/while”引导让步状语从句，句首单词首字母大写。故填Although/Though/While。 【26题详解】 考查动名词。句意：作者发现，每天用相同数量的植物油代替10克黄油，似乎可以将癌症死亡风险降低17%。设空处是主语，描述一般性行为，所以用动名词“replacing”。故填replacing。 III. Vocabulary Section A Directions: Complete the following passages by using the words in the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A. blanket B. craftsmanship C. delicately D. integrating E. medium F. mirrors G. nestled H. sheltering I. snaking J. spark K. typically Enshi, a beautiful city in Hubei Province, is renowned for its stunning natural scenery and rich cultural heritage. Enshi is blessed with a pleasant climate throughout the year, ____27____ in the mountains. Lush forests ____28____ the area, and the air is refreshing establishing it as a natural oxygen bar. The famous Qingjiang River winds through the city, ____29____ like a blue ribbon. Along the river, there are countless peculiarly-shaped peaks and magnificent gorges, such as the Qingjiang Gallery, which attracts numerous tourists with its breathtaking views. Enshi serves as a homeland for diverse ethnic minorities, with the Tujia and Miao ethnic groups being the most prominent. The Tujia people have a long-standing history and a rich tapestry of traditions. Their distinctive dance, the “Hand-waving Dance”, is full of vitality and ____30____ their enthusiasm for life. Their architectural style, represented by the stilt-houses, known as “Diaojiaolou”, is not only practical but also aesthetically pleasing, ____31____ harmoniously with the natural environment. These houses are ____32____ built on slopes or near water. Supported by wooden stilts, the lower part of the house is left open, which can be used for storing tools or ____33____ livestock, while the upper part provides living quarters. The exteriors are adorned with delicate carvings of flowers, birds, and mythical creatures, showcasing the Tujia people’s superb ____34____ . The Miao ethnic group in Enshi also has its own unique charm. Their traditional festivals, such as the Sisters’ Meal Festival, are full of joy and festivity. During this festival, young Miao girls prepare colorful “sisters’ meals”, which are not only delicious but also carry symbolic meanings. Boys and girls use these meals as a(n) ____35____ to express their affection for each other. The Miao people are also well-known for their intricate silver jewelry. Necklaces, bracelets, earrings and ____36____ designed silver headdresses, are not only decorative but also hold cultural significance, representing wealth, status, and protection in Miao society. With its beautiful scenery, rich culture, and delicious food, Enshi is truly a shining gem in western Hubei, eagerly awaiting more people to discover and explore. 【答案】27. G 28. A 29. I 30. F 31. D 32. K 33. H 34. B 35. E 36. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了湖北城市恩施。 【27题详解】 考查过去分词。句意：恩施全年气候宜人，坐落在群山之中。文章开篇描述恩施是一座美丽的城市且气候宜人，后面提到“in the mountains”，结合语境可知这里要表达恩施处于群山环抱之中的状态。nestled是nestle(使坐落于)的过去分词形式，作后置定语修饰Enshi，“nestled in the mountains”形象地描绘出恩施“坐落在群山之中”的情景。故选项G。 【28题详解】 考查动词。句意：茂密的森林覆盖着这个地区，空气清新，使其成为一个天然的氧吧。前文提到恩施气候宜人，这里描述其周边环境，“Lush forests”与后面说的“the air is refreshing establishing it as a natural oxygen bar”存在关联，茂密的森林覆盖整个区域，使得空气清新，形成天然氧吧。动词blanket有“覆盖”的意思，作谓语，符合森林对该地区的作用描述。故选项A。 【29题详解】 考查现在分词。句意：著名的清江蜿蜒穿过城市，像一条蓝色的丝带。前面提到“the famous Qingjiang River winds through the city”，强调清江蜿蜒穿过城市，而“like a blue ribbon”进一步形象地说明清江的形态。snaking是snake(蜿蜒前行)的现在分词形式，作伴随状语，生动地描绘出清江像丝带一样蜿蜒的状态。故选项I。 【30题详解】 考查动词。句意：他们独特的舞蹈“摆手舞”充满活力，反映了他们对生活的热情。前文介绍土家族的“Hand waving Dance”充满活力，舞蹈是人们情感和生活态度的一种表达形式，那么这种舞蹈应该是反映了土家族人对生活的热情。mirrors作动词时有“反映”的意思，符合舞蹈与土家族人生活热情之间的逻辑关系。故选项F。 【31题详解】 考查现在分词。句意：他们的建筑风格以“吊脚楼”为代表，不仅实用而且美观，与自然环境和谐地融为一体。前面描述土家族的“Diaojiaolou”(吊脚楼)不仅实用而且美观，接着提到与自然环境的关系，这种建筑风格应该是与自然环境相互融合的。integrating是integrate(使融合)的现在分词形式，作伴随状语，体现出吊脚楼与自然环境和谐融合的状态。故选项D。 【32题详解】 考查副词。句意：这些房子通常建在山坡上或水边。文章在介绍吊脚楼的建造位置时，需要一个词来表明这种建造位置的常见性。typically是副词，意为“通常”，能准确说明吊脚楼建在山坡上或水边这一普遍情况。故选项K。 【33题详解】 考查动词。句意：在木桩的支撑下，房屋的下部是开放的，可以用来存放工具或庇护牲畜，而上部则提供生活区。前面提到吊脚楼下部敞开，“used for storing tools”说明其用途之一是存放工具，后面用“or”连接，推测也是说其用途，结合“livestock”(牲畜)可知，这里是说可以用来圈养牲畜。sheltering有“庇护、保护”的意思，符合语境。故选项H。 【34题详解】 考查名词。句意：外部装饰着精美的花卉、鸟类和神话生物雕刻，展示了土家族人高超的技艺。前文描述吊脚楼的外部装饰着精美的花卉、鸟类和神话生物雕刻，这些精美的雕刻体现了建造者的技艺水平。craftsmanship是名词，意为“技艺”，能够准确概括这些雕刻所展示出的土家族人的高超技艺。故选项B。 【35题详解】 考查名词。句意：男孩和女孩用这些食物作为表达他们对彼此感情的媒介。男孩和女孩用这些饭作为一种媒介来表达彼此的感情。前面提到苗族的“ Sisters’ Meal Festival”(姊妹饭节)，年轻女孩准备“sisters’ meals”，后面说男孩和女孩通过这些饭来表达彼此的感情，说明这些饭起到了一种传递情感的媒介作用。medium作名词有“媒介”的意思，符合语境。故选项E。 【36题详解】 考查副词。句意：项链、手镯、耳环和精心设计的银头饰，不仅具有装饰性，而且具有文化意义，在苗族社会中代表着财富、地位和保护。前文提到苗族以其精美的银饰闻名，“Necklaces, bracelets, earrings”以及银头饰都是苗族银饰的代表，描述银头饰时，需要一个词来强调其设计的精细程度。delicately是副词，意为“精致地，精心地”，能很好地修饰“designed”，体现出银头饰设计的精美。故选项C。 IV. Reading Comprehension Section A Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. Our days are becoming increasingly jam-packed. The reasons for the rise in “time ____37____” are numerous, but corporate cultures that value busyness are at least partially to blame. Put simply, busyness has become a(n) ____38____. Research led by the Columbia marketing professor Silvia Bellezza shows that people ____39____ others who are busy to be important and impressive. ____40____, newly published studies led by the psychologist Jared Celniker have found that across the United States, France, and South Korea, people consider those who exert high effort to be “morally admirable,” ____41____ their output. However, when it comes to corporate life, busyness is not a(n) ____42____, and it is long past time that organizations stopped lionizing it. Evaluating employees on how busy they are is a terrible way to identify the most creative and productive talent. Yet many firms reward and promote only people who display how “hard” they’re working. The effect on companies and their employees is ____43____. Research indicates that when organizations ____44____ employees, base their incentives primarily on the amount of time they work, and excessively monitor their activities, productivity and efficiency actually drop. While managers now are more ____45____ to reconsidering the value of busyness than they have been in a long time, the obsession with busyness still persist. One of social psychology’s findings is that the harder people work to achieve something, the more they ____46____ it. Known as “effort justification,” this tendency arises even when a task is meaningless. And the more demanding the effort is, the more ____47____ people feel. New hires forced to work long hours on a graveyard shift, for instance, might persuade themselves, if I work this hard, I must really want to be here. The problem is that while we go on ____48____ the tiring labour, we fail to notice burnout creeping up on us. Another reason organizations value busyness is that their customers do. In many cases customers ____49____ endeavor with worth. In one simple demonstration of this phenomenon, experimenters showed that participants liked various items (such as a poem, a painting, and a suit of armor) more and rated them higher in quality and value when they thought more _____50_____ had gone into producing them. Research by the Harvard Business School operations professor Ryan Buell found that cafeteria customers reported _____51_____ with their service when a sandwich was made in front of them — when they could observe the work that went into it — than when an identical sandwich was delivered to them. 37. A. poverty B. pressure C. management D. boundary 38. A. personal trait B. status symbol C. moral code D. cultural outlook 39. A. appoint B. claim C. convince D. perceive 40. A. For example B. In addition C. As a result D. On the contrary 41. A. depending on B. subject to C. regardless of D. according to 42. A. burden B. criterion C. obstacle D. virtue 43. A. substantial B. moderate C. trivial D. marginal 44. A. overcharge B. overload C. overvalue D. overindulge 45. A. opposed B. receptive C. neural D. indifferent 46. A. dismiss B. question C. misinterpret D. value 47. A. commitment B. frustration C. bitterness D. anxiety 48. A. resisting B. illustrating C. exhibiting D. justifying 49. A. equate B. compare C. combine D. confuse 50. A. vigor B. status C. effort D. variety 51. A. fewer compliments B. mounting complaints C. falling ratings D. greater contentment 【答案】37. A 38. B 39. D 40. B 41. C 42. D 43. A 44. B 45. B 46. D 47. A 48. D 49. A 50. C 51. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇议论文，主要探讨了忙碌在现代社会尤其是职场中的现象、原因以及带来的影响。指出忙碌成为一种“时间匮乏综合症”的表现，企业过度推崇忙碌存在弊端，同时也分析了人们和企业重视忙碌的原因。 【37题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：“时间匮乏综合症”加剧的原因有很多，但重视忙碌的企业文化至少应承担部分责任。A. poverty匮乏；贫困；B. pressure压力；C. management管理；D. boundary边界。根据上文“Our days are becoming increasingly jam-packed”可知，上文说的是我们的日子变得越来越忙碌，人们感觉时间不够用，即存在“时间匮乏”的情况，“time poverty”符合语境，故选A项。 【38题详解】 考查名词短语辨析。句意：简单地说，忙碌已经成为一种身份象征。A. personal trait个人特质；B. status symbol身份象征；C. moral code道德准则；D. cultural outlook文化观念。根据下文“Research led by the Columbia marketing professor Silvia Bellezza shows that people perceive others who are busy to be important and impressive”可知，下文说的是人们认为忙碌的人很重要且令人印象深刻，人们把忙碌和重要、令人印象深刻联系起来，所以忙碌成为了一种身份象征，故选B项。 【39题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：哥伦比亚大学市场营销学教授西尔维亚・贝莱扎领导的研究表明，人们认为忙碌的人很重要且令人印象深刻。A. appoint任命；B. claim声称；C. convince使信服；D. perceive认为；察觉。根据下文“others who are busy to be important and impressive”可知，下文说的是忙碌的人很重要且令人印象深刻，这里表达的是人们对忙碌的人的一种看法，perceive符合语境，故选D项。 40题详解】 考查介词短语辨析。句意：此外，由心理学家杰瑞德·塞利尼克领导的最新发表的研究发现，在美国、法国和韩国，人们普遍认为那些付出巨大努力的人是“道德上值得钦佩的”，无论其最终成果如何。A. For example例如；B. In addition此外；C. As a result结果；D. On the contrary相反。根据上文“others who are busy to be important and impressive”以及下文“newly published studies led by the psychologist Jared Celniker have found that across the United States, France, and South Korea, people consider those who exert high effort to be “morally admirable,””可知，上文提到了西尔维亚・贝莱扎教授的研究，下文介绍了贾里德・塞尔尼克的研究，是对前文内容的补充，“In addition”符合语境，故选B项。 【41题详解】 考查固定短语辨析。句意：同第4题。A. depending on取决于；B. subject to受……支配；C. regardless of无论；D. according to根据。根据上文“people consider those who exert high effort to be “morally admirable,””以及下文“their output”可知，上文说的是人们认为那些付出高努力的人在道德上令人钦佩，下文提到了成果，可推理出此处说的是人们普遍认为那些付出巨大努力的人是“道德上值得钦佩的”，无论其最终成果如何，故选C项。 【42题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，当涉及到企业生活时，忙碌并不是一种美德，企业早就应该停止对它的推崇了。A. burden负担；B. criterion标准；C. obstacle障碍；D. virtue美德。根据下文“Evaluating employees on how busy they are is a terrible way to identify the most creative and productive talent.”可知，下文说的是根据员工有多忙来评估他们，这是识别最有创造力和生产力人才的糟糕方式，可推理出此处说的是忙碌并不是一种美德，故选D项。 【43题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这对公司及其员工的影响是巨大的。A. substantial巨大的；重要的；B. moderate适度的；C. trivial琐碎的；D. marginal边缘的。根据下文“base their incentives primarily on the amount of time they work, and excessively monitor their activities, productivity and efficiency actually drop”可知，下文说的是主要根据员工的工作时间来制定激励措施，并过度监控他们的活动时，生产力和效率实际上会下降，可推理出此处说的是这种以忙碌来衡量员工的方式对公司和员工产生了很大的影响，故选A项。 【44题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：研究表明，当企业让员工负担过重，主要根据员工的工作时间来制定激励措施，并过度监控他们的活动时，生产力和效率实际上会下降。A. overcharge 索价过高；B. overload 使负担过重；C. overvalue 高估；D. overindulge 过度放纵。根据下文“base their incentives primarily on the amount of time they work, and excessively monitor their activities, productivity and efficiency actually drop”可知，下文说的是主要根据员工的工作时间来制定激励措施，并过度监控他们的活动时，生产力和效率实际上会下降，可推理出此处说的是企业的这些做法会让员工负担过重，故选B项。 【45题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：虽然现在的管理者比以往任何时候都更愿意重新考虑忙碌的价值，但对忙碌的痴迷仍然存在。A. opposed反对的；B. receptive乐于接受的，原意倾听的；C. neural神经的；D. indifferent漠不关心的。根据下文“base their incentives primarily on the amount of time they work, and excessively monitor their activities, productivity and efficiency actually drop”以及下文“the obsession with busyness still persist”可知，上文说的是主要根据员工的工作时间来制定激励措施，并过度监控他们的活动时，生产力和效率实际上会下降，下文说的是对忙碌的痴迷仍然存在，可推理出这里表达管理者更愿意重新思考忙碌的价值，故选B项。 【46题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：社会心理学的一个发现是，人们为实现某件事付出的努力越多，他们就越重视它。A. dismiss解雇；不予理会；B. question质疑；C. misinterpret误解；D. value重视；珍视。根据上文“One of social psychology’s findings is that the harder people work to achieve something, the more they”以及下文“Known as “effort justification,” this tendency arises even when a task is meaningless”可知，上文说的是社会心理学的一个发现是，人们为实现某件事付出的努力越多，他们就越……，下文说的是这种被称为“努力合理性”的倾向，即使在任务毫无意义时也会出现，可推理出此处说的是人们为实现某件事付出的努力越多，他们就越重视它，故选D项。 【47题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：而且付出的努力要求越高，人们的投入感就越强。A. commitment投入；承诺；B. frustration挫折；C. bitterness痛苦；D. anxiety焦虑。根据下文“New hires forced to work long hours on a graveyard shift, for instance, might persuade themselves, if I work this hard, I must really want to be here”可知，下文说的是员工会认为如果努力工作，就一定真的想留在这里，可推理出此处说的是付出的努力要求越高，人们的投入感就越强，故选A项。 【48题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：问题是，当我们继续为这种累人的工作找理由时，我们没有注意到倦怠正在悄悄向我们袭来。A. resisting抵抗；B. illustrating说明；C. exhibiting展示；D. justifying证明……有理；为……找理由。根据上文“Known as “effort justification,” this tendency arises even when a task is meaningless”可知上文说的是，这种被称为“努力合理性”的倾向，即使在任务毫无意义时也会出现，可推理出人们会为自己的努力找理由，这里表示继续为累人的工作找理由，故选D项。 【49题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在很多情况下，客户把努力等同于价值。A. equate等同；使相等；B. compare比较；C. combine结合；D. confuse使困惑。根据下文“In one simple demonstration of this phenomenon, experimenters showed that participants liked various items (such as a poem, a painting, and a suit of armor) more and rated them higher in quality and value when they thought more… had gone into producing them.”可知，下文说的是在对这一现象的一个简单演示中，实验者表明，当参与者认为在制作各种物品（如一首诗、一幅画和一套盔甲）时付出了更多……时，他们会更喜欢这些物品，并对它们的质量和价值评价更高，可推理出客户把努力和价值联系起来，即把努力等同于价值，故选A项。 【50题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在对这一现象的一个简单演示中，实验者表明，当参与者认为在制作各种物品（如一首诗、一幅画和一套盔甲）时付出了更多努力时，他们会更喜欢这些物品，并对它们的质量和价值评价更高。A. vigor活力；B. status地位；C. effort努力；D. variety多样性。根据“people consider those who exert high effort to be “morally admirable””可知上文说的是人们认为那些付出高努力的人在道德上令人钦佩，可推理出这里是说当认为制作物品付出了更多努力时，参与者对物品评价更高，故选C项。 【51题详解】 考查名词短语辨析。句意：哈佛商学院运营学教授瑞安・比尔的研究发现，自助餐厅的顾客表示，当三明治是在他们面前制作的——当他们能看到制作过程时——他们对服务的满意度要高于当一个相同的三明治被送到他们面前时。A. fewer compliments更少的赞扬；B. mounting complaints越来越多的抱怨；C. falling ratings下降的评分；D. greater contentment更高的满意度。根据“people consider those who exert high effort to be “morally admirable””可知上文说的是人们认为那些付出高努力的人在道德上令人钦佩。再根据下文“when a sandwich was made in front of them— when they could observe the work that went into it — than when an identical sandwich was delivered to them”可知下文说的是顾客看到三明治在他们面前制作，可推理出顾客看到制作过程，觉得付出了更多努力，就会对服务更满意，故选D项。 Section B Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. (A) My husband, Aaron Simone, is the secretary of defense — not of our country, but of our household. I promoted him to SecDef after a shameful incident in which I called him late one night while he was away on a fishing trip. I was convinced there was an intruder lurking in our apartment because I kept hearing strange noises outside our bedroom door. The real culprit was the ice maker in our refrigerator, something Aaron guessed a minute into our phone call. But he stayed on the line with me for hours, calming me down and advising me on how to barricade the bedroom door. Needless to say, the ice maker didn’t come for me that night, and all we lost was some sleep. Aaron didn’t get upset with me (bless him), but he did get a security bar for our front door to ensure no one could force their way in at night. And in recognition of his heroism, I appointed him SecDef. “Now, where should we put this thing when we’re not using it?” I asked about the new device. “That’s up to you,” he said. “You’re in charge of the Department of the Interior.” With one position apiece, we felt we should continue to name our Cabinet. Some decisions were easy. He, by far the more confident and competent driver, was a shoo-in for transportation secretary. And since I have more enthusiasm for shopping, I was the natural choice to lead the Department of Commerce. Others aren’t as obvious. My husband does the cooking, but I buy the groceries. So which one of us should oversee the Department of Agriculture? Aaron is more diplomatic than I am, but I host more of our parties. So who’d be the better secretary of state? One appointment came as a surprise to both of us. We were chopping ingredients for a salad(again, who’s in charge of Agriculture? ) when I got — essentially — an onion splinter. Yes, an ultrathin sliver of red onion slipped inside the pad of my finger. As I stared incredulously at my injury, Aaron got the tweezers and plucked out the offending onion. And just like that, he became surgeon general. That said, our Cabinet is far from complete. I’m on deck to run the Department of Education, but my duties won’t start until we have kids. Neither of us has entrepreneurial aspirations, so I doubt we’ll ever have our own Small Business Administration. And our families get along, so we could even get away without a U. N. ambassador. But there’s one Cabinet position neither of us wants and we hope we never need: attorney general. 52. Why did the author promote her husband to SecDef of their household? A. He demonstrated marvellous skill during his fishing trip. B. He physically shielded her from a real intruder in the house. C. He comforted her when she was frightened and added security measures. D. He successfully repaired the malfunctioning ice-maker in the refrigerator. 53. Which of the following most accurately describes Aaron Simone? A. aggressive, restless, and organized B. bold, forgetful, and reliable C. protective, patient, and resourceful D. handy, fearless, and careless 54. What does the fact that they could get away without a “U. N. ambassador” suggest? A. They hold a strong disinterest in international affairs and interactions. B. The relationship among their families is so harmonious that such a role is unnecessary. C. There is no necessity for diplomatic representation in their family setup. D. They are under financial limitations that prevent them from assuming such a position. 55. Which of the following can be the best title of the passage? A. Filling the Cabinet. B. Unconventional Household Roles. C. A Perfect Match. D. Unexpected SecDef Appointment. 【答案】52. C 53. C 54. B 55. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要通过叙述作者和丈夫之间的一些生活趣事，如作者因冰箱制冰机的声音误以为有入侵者，丈夫耐心安慰并采取措施，以及他们如何以幽默的方式互相任命为家庭“内阁”成员等，来展现他们之间的亲密关系和日常生活。 【52题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第一段“I was convinced there was an intruder lurking in our apartment because I kept hearing strange noises outside our bedroom door. The real culprit was the ice maker in our refrigerator, something Aaron guessed a minute into our phone call. But he stayed on the line with me for hours, calming me down and advising me on how to barricade the bedroom door.(我坚信我们的公寓里有个闯入者，因为我一直听到卧室门外有奇怪的声响。真正的“罪魁祸首”是我们冰箱里的制冰机，在我们通话一分钟后，Aaron就猜到了。但他还是在电话里陪了我好几个小时，让我平静下来，还教我如何用东西堵住卧室的门。)”以及第二段“Aaron didn’t get upset with me (bless him), but he did get a security bar for our front door to ensure no one could force their way in at night. And in recognition of his heroism, I appointed him SecDef.(Aaron并没有生我的气（谢天谢地），但他确实在前门装了一根安全门闩，以确保晚上没人能强行闯入。为了表彰他的英勇行为，我任命他为我们家的“国防部长”。)”可知，作者以为有入侵者，其实是冰箱制冰机的声音，丈夫在电话里陪了她几个小时，让她平静下来并教她如何堵住卧室门。后来丈夫还在前门装了安全门闩来确保安全，作者为了表彰他的英勇行为，任命他为家里的“国防部长”。由此可知，作者提升丈夫为家里的“国防部长”是因为当她害怕时丈夫安慰了她，并增加了安全措施。故选C。 【53题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第一段“But he stayed on the line with me for hours, calming me down and advising me on how to barricade the bedroom door.(但他还是在电话里陪了我好几个小时，让我平静下来，还教我如何用东西堵住卧室的门。)”可知，当作者感到害怕时，亚伦在电话里陪了她好几个小时，让她平静下来，这显示出他很有耐心；再根据第二段“Aaron didn’t get upset with me (bless him), but he did get a security bar for our front door to ensure no one could force their way in at night. (Aaron并没有生我的气（谢天谢地），但他确实在前门装了一根安全门闩，以确保晚上没人能强行闯入。)”可知，Aaron在前门安装安全门闩确保安全，体现了他具有保护欲，想要保护家人的安全。再根据倒数第二段“As I stared incredulously at my injury, Aaron got the tweezers and plucked out the offending onion. And just like that, he became surgeon general.(我难以置信地盯着自己的伤口时，Aaron拿来了镊子，把那块讨厌的洋葱取了出来。就这样，他成了我们家的“卫生部长”。)”可知，当作者手指扎进洋葱碎片时，Aaron能及时拿来镊子取出洋葱，这表明他足智多谋，能够想办法解决问题。故选C。 【54题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“And our families get along, so we could even get away without a U. N. ambassador.(而且我们双方的家庭相处得很好，所以就算没有“联合国大使”这个职位，我们也能应付得过来。)”可知，作者提到他们就算没有“联合国大使”这个职位也能应付得过来，原因是他们双方的家庭相处得很好。因此，他们就算没有“联合国大使”也能应付得过来这一事实表明他们家庭之间的关系非常和谐，以至于这样的一个角色是不必要的。故选B。 【55题详解】 主旨大意题。根据文章内容可知，文章开篇讲述了作者封丈夫为家里的“国防部长”的原因，之后围绕着给家里的“内阁”成员命名展开，详细讨论了各个“内阁”职位的归属，如“交通部长”“商业部长”“卫生部长”等，还提到了一些尚未确定或不需要的职位，整体内容主要围绕着组建家庭“内阁”展开。选项A“Filling the Cabinet(组建内阁)”准确地概括了文章主要内容，即作者和丈夫为家里设置不同的“内阁”职位。故选A。 (B) People are smart, average or stupid, right? Wrong. According to a famous 1983 study by psychologist Howard Gardner, there are actually nine types of intelligence. And everyone has at least one of them. ①______(“nature smart”) These people feel a close connection with nature. If you’re “nature smart”, you might become a farmer, a tree doctor or a chef. Example: Jane Goodall is a famous chimpanzee expert who has spent long periods of time living with chimps and studying their habits. ②Musical intelligence (“musical smart”) People with musical intelligence can recognise musical patterns and tunes quite easily. They’re likely to become musicians, conductors or music critics. ③Logical-mathematical intelligence (“number smart”) Number smart people are analytical, think logically and enjoy studying patterns. They make good mathematicians, scientists or inventors. Example: Physicist Stephen Hawking has done a lot of important work on the Big Bang Theory and wrote the best-selling non-fiction book A Brief History of Time (1988). ④______(“soul smart”) These people try to answer philosophical questions such as, “What’s the meaning of life?” They often become life coaches, theologians or philosophers. Example: The work of ancient Greek philosopher Socrates remains influential in modern philosophy and in the study of ethics. ⑤______(“people smart”) Someone with this sort of intelligence is called a “people person”. They are skilled communicators and make great psychologists, politicians and salespeople. Example: Bill Clinton has a knack for making people like him— he even managed to remain popular after the Monica Lewinsky scandal! ⑥Bodily-kinaesthetic intelligence (“body smart”) Sportspeople, dancers and surgeons are “body smart”. They’ve got impressive hand-eye coordination and excellent motor skills. Example: The late singer Michael Jackson was famous for his impressive dance routines. ⑦Linguistic intelligence (“word smart”) These people love words, and they’re good at using them. If you’re “word smart”, you construct convincing arguments and might become a writer, politician or lawyer. Example: Barack Obama is renowned for his powerful speeches and has written two bestselling books. ⑧______(“self smart”) “Self smart” people enjoy analysing their thoughts and feelings. They might become psychologists, spiritual leaders or philosophers. Example: Sigmund Freud (1856-1939) was an Austrian neurologist who is known as the founding father of psychoanalysis. ⑨Spatial intelligence (“picture smart”) People with spatial intelligence are good at interpreting shapes and sizes and the relationship between objects. They tend to work as artists, designers and sculptors. Example: Spanish painter Salvador Dali’s surrealist paintings are full of complex shapes and perspectives. So, which types of intelligence have you got? 56. What does the underlined word “knack” most likely mean in this context? A. habit B. talent C. charm D. trick 57. What terms are supposed to be filled in the blanks respectively? A. ①Naturalist intelligence, ④Existential intelligence, ⑤Interpersonal intelligence, ⑧Intra-Personal intelligence B. ①Existential intelligence, ④Naturalist intelligence, ⑤Interpersonal intelligence, ⑧Intra-Personal intelligence C. ①Naturalist intelligence, ④Interpersonal intelligence, ⑤Intra-Personal intelligence, ⑧Existential intelligence D. ①Intra-Personal intelligence, ④Interpersonal intelligence ⑤ Existential intelligence, ⑧Naturalist intelligence 58. Based on the description of different intelligences, which two types of intelligence would likely be most beneficial for a career in advertising? A. Logical-mathematical intelligence and Spatial-intelligence. B. Musical intelligence and Bodily-kinaesthetic intelligence. C. Naturalist intelligence and Existential intelligence. D. Linguistic intelligence and Interpersonal intelligence. 【答案】56. B 57. A 58. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了心理学家霍华德·加德纳提出的九种智能类型及其特点。 【56题详解】 词句猜测题。根据⑤______(“people smart”)部分中“Someone with this sort of intelligence is called a “people person”. They are skilled communicators and make great psychologists, politicians and salespeople. (拥有这种智慧的人被称为“善于与人相处的人”。他们是沟通高手，能成为优秀的心理学家、政治家和销售人员)”以及“Bill Clinton has a knack for making people like him — he even managed to remain popular after the Monica Lewinsky scandal! (比尔·克林顿有一种让人喜欢他的knack——他甚至在莫妮卡·莱温斯基丑闻之后仍然很受欢迎!)”可知，此处指比尔·克林顿有让人喜欢他的天赋，所以knack意为“诀窍，天赋”，与alent意思相符。故选B。 【57题详解】 主旨大意题。根据①______(“nature smart”)部分中“These people feel a close connection with nature. (这些人与自然有着密切的联系)”可知，此处指人的自然智能，所以①处应填Naturalist intelligence“自然智能”；根据④______(“soul smart”)部分中“These people try to answer philosophical questions such as, “What’s the meaning of life?” (这些人试图回答哲学问题，比如“生命的意义是什么?”)”可知，此处指人的存在智能，所以④处应填Existential intelligence“存在智能”；根据⑤______(“people smart”)部分中“Someone with this sort of intelligence is called a “people person”. They are skilled communicators and make great psychologists, politicians and salespeople. (拥有这种智慧的人被称为“善于与人相处的人”。他们是沟通高手，能成为优秀的心理学家、政治家和销售人员)”可知，此处指人的人际智能，所以⑤处应填Interpersonal intelligence“人际智能”；根据⑧______(“self smart”)部分中““Self smart” people enjoy analysing their thoughts and feelings.(“自我智能”的人喜欢分析自己的想法和感受)”可知，此处指人的内省智能，所以⑧处应填Intra-Personal intelligence“内省智能”。故选A。 【58题详解】 推理判断题。根据⑦Linguistic intelligence (“word smart”)部分中“These people love words, and they’re good at using them. If you’re “word smart”, you construct convincing arguments and might become a writer, politician or lawyer. (这些人喜欢文字，他们擅长使用文字。如果你“文字智能”，你会构建令人信服的论点，可能会成为一名作家、政治家或律师)”以及⑤______(“people smart”)部分中“Someone with this sort of intelligence is called a “people person”. They are skilled communicators and make great psychologists, politicians and salespeople. (拥有这种智慧的人被称为‘善于与人相处的人’。他们是沟通高手，能成为优秀的心理学家、政治家和销售人员)”可推知，语言智能和人际智能可能对广告行业最有帮助。故选D。 (C) Section C Directions: Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need. Telephobia While picking up the phone when it rings may feel like a natural reaction, for many young people, answering a call has become an anxiety-inducing experience. Instead of calling, younger generations are relying on texts, voice notes, and social media to communicate, avoiding the spontaneity of real-time conversation, causing more and more people to be scared of making a phone call. The phenomenon even has a name — telephobia. Stephanie Wijkstrom, CEO and Founder of the Counseling and Wellness Center of Pittsburgh, told Newsweek: “ ___59___ . Those who experience it often exhibit anxiety, avoidance behaviors, and sometimes physical symptoms such as an elevated heart rate or perspiration when anticipating a phone call.” In a 2024 Uswitch survey of 2, 000 U. K. adults, nearly 70 percent of those aged 18-34preferred texting over talking, with 23 percent admitting they never answer calls at all. The reluctance to pick up the phone is often linked to avoiding scam calls, but social factors also play a role. Wijkstrom explained: “In our digital age, texting and online messaging serve as our primary modes of communication, and we often feel less vulnerable and more comfortable than in a live conversation or phone call. ___60___. As a result, phone calls, with their spontaneity, are perceived as overwhelming. ___61___. Nottingham College in the U. K. has started running sessions to help students build their confidence on the phone. Its ‘Five Steps to Telephone Confidence’ session was developed after career advisors noticed students struggling with phone interviews. Liz Baxter, a careers advisor at the college, told Newsweek: “It is increasingly difficult to make calls these days. Companies use virtual assistants, AI, and often direct customers to websites. Teenagers find it easier to text or leave voice notes, meaning they have fewer experiences with real-time conversation and response formulation.” Thankfully, beating telephobia is possible. Wijkstrom said: “With patience and intentional practice, telephobia can be overcome. ___62___. Individuals can also slowly increase their exposure to phone calls in a low-pressure situation to desensitize an anxious response. Deep breathing before a call is one method to practice mindfulness, which can help regulate the nerves and reduce stress.” A. Plus, social media contributes to the environment of curated interactions. B. Telephobia is an intense fear or discomfort of phone calls. C. Exploring and understanding the root of the fear is a help ful starting position. D. Texts allow them to think and overthink their responses, hence their preference for this. E. In some places, there are already steps to tackle the issue of telephobia in young people. F. However, phone calls are believed to convey emotions more accurately than other forms of communication. 【答案】59. B 60. D 61. E 62. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了电话恐惧症这一现象，即许多年轻人害怕接打电话，分析了其产生的原因，并介绍了应对这一现象的措施。 【59题详解】 上文“The phenomenon even has a name — telephobia. Stephanie Wijkstrom, CEO and Founder of the Counseling and Wellness Center of Pittsburgh, told Newsweek:(这种现象甚至有一个名字——电话恐惧症。匹兹堡咨询与健康中心的首席执行官兼创始人Stephanie Wijkstrom告诉《新闻周刊》：)”提到了电话恐惧症，且提到了首席执行官兼创始人告诉《新闻周刊》，空处需要给出Stephanie Wijkstrom讲话的内容，引出“电话恐惧症”的定义，与后文的症状描述形成逻辑衔接。B项“电话恐惧症是对电话的强烈恐惧或不适”直接定义了电话恐惧症，与上下文完美契合。且B项中的“Telephobia”和上文中的“telephobia”相呼应。故选B。 【60题详解】 上文“Wijkstrom explained: ‘In our digital age, texting and online messaging serve as our primary modes of communication, and we often feel less vulnerable and more comfortable than in a live conversation or phone call.(Wijkstrom解释说：‘在我们的数字时代，短信和在线消息是我们主要的交流方式，与现场对话或电话相比，我们往往感觉不那么脆弱，也更自在’)”提到数字时代下，年轻人更喜欢发短信或在线消息，因为这种方式让他们感觉更安全、更舒适。空处应承接上文，说明短信交流更自在的原因，D项“短信让他们能思考并反复思考他们的回复，因此他们更喜欢这种方式”说明了短信的优势（可以反复思考回复内容），与上文的“less vulnerable and more comfortable”呼应，同时引出下文的“spontaneity is overwhelming”。故选D。 【61题详解】 下文“Nottingham College in the U. K. has started running sessions to help students build their confidence on the phone.(英国诺丁汉学院已经开始举办课程，帮助学生建立打电话的信心)”提到英国诺丁汉学院开设课程帮助学生建立电话信心，说明本段主要介绍应对电话恐惧症的措施，空处为本段小标题，应概括本段内容。E项“在一些地方，已经有措施来解决年轻人的电话恐惧症问题”符合语境，E项中的“steps to tackle the issue of telephobia”和下文中的“running sessions to help students build their confidence on the phone”相呼应。故选E。 【62题详解】 上文“With patience and intentional practice, telephobia can be overcome.(只要有耐心和有意识的练习，电话恐惧症是可以克服的)”说明电话恐惧症可以克服，空处应承接上文，说明克服电话恐惧症的方法。C项“探索和理解恐惧的根源是一个有用的起点”指出“探索恐惧根源是起点”，且C项中的“Exploring and understanding the root of the fear”和上文中的“telephobia can be overcome”相呼应，且为克服电话恐惧症的具体方法。故选C。 III. Summary Writing 63. Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. Should Schools Ban Smartphones? France has not allowed smartphone use in primary or secondary schools since 2018, claiming that it would help children focus, reduce their social-media use and alleviate online bullying. The key question is whether banning smartphones in schools offers any benefits to mental health. A recent study, led by Amy Orben at the University of Cambridge, asked 17, 409 people between the ages of 10 and 21 how satisfied they were with their lives and how much they used social media. The findings, reported in 2024 in Nature Communications, show that girls who increased their social media use over the course of a year were significantly less satisfied with their lives if the increase took place when they were between 11 and 13. Boys showed the same trend when increases took place when they were 14 or 15 years old. How much of this will change by banning phones in schools is unclear. In a paper published in the Lancet in February, Victoria Goodyear at the University of Birmingham compared the mental well-being of students in schools that implemented restrictive smartphone policies with those with relaxed policies. Her results show that, though those who spent more time on a smartphone overall have a decline in mental well-being, there was no difference between the two groups. She and her colleagues argue that setting up policies at schools alone is simply not enough. Researchers are trying to paint a complete picture with both hands tied behind their back. According to Dr Orben, social-media companies routinely refuse to give independent researchers access to detailed data on the behaviour of their users. This forces researchers to rely on less accurate proxy measures, like overall screen time. It means that children playing educational games are being put in the same analytical bin as children who are on social media. A more nuanced(细致的) picture of the effects of smartphones needs to be drawn. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】The passage mainly explores whether banning smartphones in schools benefits students' mental health. It presents studies showing that increased social media use correlates with lower life satisfaction in certain age groups, but notes that school policies alone may not suffice, and highlights the challenge of researching this issue due to data limitations. 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，文章主要探讨了学校禁止使用智能手机是否对学生的心理健康有益。 【详解】1要点摘录 ①France has not allowed smartphone use in primary or secondary schools since 2018, claiming that it would help children focus, reduce their social-media use and alleviate online bullying. The key question is whether banning smartphones in schools offers any benefits to mental health. ②A recent study...show that girls who increased their social media use over the course of a year were significantly less satisfied with their lives if the increase took place when they were between 11 and 13. Boys showed the same trend when increases took place when they were 14 or 15 years old. ③In a paper published in the Lancet in February...Her results show that, though those who spent more time on a smartphone overall have a decline in mental well-being, there was no difference between the two groups. She and her colleagues argue that setting up policies at schools alone is simply not enough. ④Researchers are trying to paint a complete picture with both hands tied behind their back...A more nuanced(细致的) picture of the effects of smartphones needs to be drawn. 2.缜密构思 将第①点作为总起句，概括文章主要探讨的内容；将第②、③点进行整合，说明研究发现；第④点作为总结，强调研究的挑战性。 3.遣词造句 The passage mainly explores whether banning smartphones in schools benefits students' mental health. It presents studies showing that increased social media use correlates with lower life satisfaction in certain age groups, but notes that school policies alone may not suffice, and highlights the challenge of researching this issue due to data limitations. 【点睛】[高分句型1] The passage mainly explores whether banning smartphones in schools benefits students' mental health. （使用了whether引导的宾语从句作为文章的总起句） [高分句型2] It presents studies showing that increased social media use correlates with lower life satisfaction in certain age groups, but notes that school policies alone may not suffice, and highlights the challenge of researching this issue due to data limitations.（使用了现在分词showing作后置定语以及that引导的宾语从句对第2,3,4要点进行了总结概括） 第Ⅱ卷(共32分) I. Spelling Directions: Write out the words according to the relevant definitions. The first letter is given to you. 64. d______v. to damage sth so badly that it no longer exists, works, etc. 65. p______adv. lasting for a long time or for all time in the future 66. i______v. to make the meaning of sth clearer by using examples, pictures, etc; to use pictures, photographs, diagrams, etc in a book, etc 67. a______n. the power to give orders to people 68. r______adj. not done, seen, happening, etc, very often 69. p______v. to get sth useful from a situation; to be useful to sb or give them an advantage 70. c______v. to use numbers to find out a total number, amount, distance, etc 71. a______adj. having the most modern and recently developed ideas, methods, etc; (of a course of study) at a high or difficult level 72. g______n. all the people born and living at about the same time 73. p______adj. connected with real situations rather than with ideas or theories 【答案】64. destroy## estroy 65. permanently## ermanently 66. illustrate## llustrate 67. authority## uthority 68. rare## are 69. profit## rofit 70. calculate## alculate 71. advanced## dvanced 72. generation## eneration 73. practical## ractical 【解析】 【64题详解】 考查动词。根据所给释义“to damage sth so badly that it no longer exists, works, etc. (损坏某物，使其不再存在、不再工作等)”及首字母及词性提示可知，应填动词destroy意为“摧毁，毁灭”。故填destroy/ estroy。 【65题详解】 考查副词。根据所给释义“lasting for a long time or for all time in the future (长期的：持续很长一段时间或在未来一直持续的)”及首字母及词性提示可知，应填副词permanently意为“永久地”。故填permanently/ ermanently。 【66题详解】 考查动词。根据所给释义“to make the meaning of sth clearer by using examples, pictures, etc; to use pictures, photographs, diagrams, etc in a book, etc (用例子、图片等使意思更清楚；在书中使用图片、照片、图表等)”及首字母及词性提示可知，应填动词illustrate意为“注释，说明；加插图”。故填illustrate/ llustrate。 【67题详解】 考查名词。根据所给释义“the power to give orders to people (对人们发号施令的权力)”及首字母及词性提示可知，应填名词authority意为“权威”。故填authority/ uthority。 【68题详解】 考查形容词。根据所给释义“not done, seen, happening, etc, very often (不经常做、不经常看见、不经常发生，等等)”及首字母及词性提示可知，应填形容词rare意为“罕见的”。故填rare/ are。 【69题详解】 考查动词。根据所给释义“to get sth useful from a situation; to be useful to sb or give them an advantage (从某种情况中得到有用的；对某人有用或给予他们优势)”及首字母及词性提示可知，应填动词profit意为“获利，盈利”。故填profit/ rofit。 【70题详解】 考查动词。根据所给释义“to use numbers to find out a total number, amount, distance, etc (用数字来计算总数、数量、距离等)”及首字母及词性提示可知，应填动词calculate意“计算”。故填calculate/ alculate。 【71题详解】 考查形容词。根据所给释义“having the most modern and recently developed ideas, methods, etc; (of a course of study) at a high or difficult level (先进的：具有最现代和最新发展的思想、方法等的；（指一门课程）高水平的或困难的)”及首字母及词性提示可知，应填形容词advanced意为“先进的，高级的”。故填advanced/ dvanced。 【72题详解】 考查名词。根据所给释义“all the people born and living at about the same time (所有出生和生活在同一时间的人)”及首字母及词性提示可知，应填名词generation意为“一代人，一辈人”。故填generation/ eneration。 【73题详解】 考查形容词。根据所给释义“connected with real situations rather than with ideas or theories (与实际情况而不是与想法或理论有关的)”及首字母及词性提示可知，应填形容词practical意为“实际的，真实的”。故填practical/ ractical。 II. Recitation Directions: Fill in each blank with one missing word according to the text. 74. She ______ in the field for ten to twelve hours every day in temperatures of over 30℃, but she was paid very little. (根据句意单词拼写) 【答案】sweated 【解析】 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：她每天在超过30摄氏度的高温下在地里劳作十到十二个小时，但得到的报酬却很少。根据句子结构可知，句子缺少谓语动词；根据句意及“in the field”可知，应用动词sweat，表示“苦干，拼命地干”；结合语境及“was paid”可知，此处描述的是过去的事情，应用一般过去时。故填sweated。 75. But for most of all, it’s a story about choices, and our choices can make a ______. (根据句意单词拼写) 【答案】difference 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：但最重要的是，这是一个关于选择的故事，我们的选择可以带来不同。结合“make a”可推知，名词difference“差别，不同”符合题意，构成固定短语make a difference，表示“产生影响，有所不同”。故填difference。 76. Developers predict that the system will not only grow in popularity within China, but ______ as well. (根据句意单词拼写) 【答案】overseas 【解析】 【详解】考查副词。句意：开发人员预测，该系统不仅在中国国内越来越受欢迎，在海外也会如此。not only… but… as well表示递进关系，结合“grow in popularity within China”可推知，副词overseas“在海外”符合题意，作状语，表示“在海外也会如此”。故填overseas。 77. In addition to their clothing, Miao women usually wear various kinds of silver articles at weddings and on other special______. (根据句意单词拼写) 【答案】occasions 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：除了服装，苗族妇女通常婚礼和其他特殊场合佩戴各种银器。根据句意可知，此处使用名词occasion“场合”，可数名词，前无限定词，应用复数形式，作宾语。故填occasions。 78. Agriculture is another area where there are ______ for the system. (根据句意单词拼写) 【答案】applications 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：农业是该系统的另一个应用领域。句中用名词作表语。根据句意可知，此处使用名词application“应用”，作主语，由谓语动词are可知，应用名词复数形式。故填applications。 79. For instance, the BDS can be used to control driverless tractors as they turn ______ the fields. (根据句意单词拼写) 【答案】up 【解析】 【详解】考查固定搭配。句意：例如，北斗卫星导航系统可以用来控制无人驾驶拖拉机在田间翻土。根据句意“烦气，崛起”可知，此处为动词短语turn up，turn up the fields表示“翻耕土地”。故填up。 80. Although the BDS is ______ Chinese origin, the developers have said that “China’s BeiDou is the world’s DeiDou”, and they are actively promoting international cooperation. (根据句意单词拼写) 【答案】of 【解析】 【详解】考查介词。句意：尽管北斗卫星导航系统源于中国，但其开发者表示“中国的北斗，世界的北斗”，并正在积极推动国际合作。根据句意和空格后的Chinese origin可知，此处考查固定搭配“be of … origin(起源于)”。故填of。 81. And when the system is complete and fully operational in the years to come, the BDS will ______ provide countless benefits to China and the rest of the world. (根据句意单词拼写) 【答案】undoubtedly 【解析】 【详解】考查副词。句意：当该系统在未来几年完全建成并全面投入运行时，北斗卫星导航系统无疑将为中国和世界其他地区带来无数的好处。根据provide countless benefits to China and the rest of the world可知，用副词undoubtedly“无疑地”，修饰动词provide，作状语，故填undoubtedly。 82. It appears that through the ages and across different cultures, people have always changed their bodies and faces for a wide variety of reasons: sometimes to help them look more beautiful, and sometimes to enable them to show social position or display group ______. (根据句意单词拼写) 【答案】identity 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：似乎在各个时代以及不同的文化背景下，人们总是出于各种各样的原因改变自己的身体和容貌：有时是为了让自己看起来更漂亮，有时则是为了彰显社会地位或展示群体身份。根据上文“show social position(彰显社会地位)”可知上文说的是彰显社会地位，可推理出空白处应填表示“身份”含义的表达，identity表示“身份”，符合句意，故填identity。 83. ______ it is wearing make-up or decorating the body with tattoos, rings and piercings, different cultures view these things with different eyes. (根据句意单词拼写) 【答案】Whether 【解析】 【详解】考查固定句型。句意：无论是化妆，还是用纹身、戒指和穿孔来装饰身体，不同的文化对这些事物有着不同的看法。whether...or...是固定句型，“不管……还是……，无论是……还是……”，用来引导让步状语从句，句首单词，首字母大写。 故填Whether。 84. The stories ______ into Miao jewellery often include lively and delicate images of dragons, phoenixes, flowers and birds. (根据句意单词拼写) 【答案】carved 【解析】 【详解】考查动词。句意：雕刻在苗族珠宝上的故事通常包含生动而精致的龙、凤、花鸟形象。根据into Miao jewellery可知，本空用动词carve，句子的谓语是include，本空用非谓语动词，stories与carve 之间是被动关系，所以用过去分词carved，作后置定语。故填carved。 85. To the Miao, silver is a key ______ of wealth and social position. (根据句意单词拼写) 【答案】symbol 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：对苗族来说，银是财富和社会地位的关键象征。根据of wealth and social position可知，用名词symbol“象征”，作表语，故填symbol。 III. Phrases Directions: Fill in the blanks with the proper forms of the phrases given in the box. Note that each phrase can be used only once and there are two phrases more than you need. appeal to bombard... with... decorate... with... hang up have a low opinion of in spite of iron out no wonder 86. Due to severe injuries, the once promising athlete, who had been a key player in the national team for over a decade, ________ his boots and brought his glorious sports career to an end. 87. The speaker, ________ a series of hostile questions from the audience, remained calm and tried to answer them one by one, hoping to clarify the misunderstandings. 88. The old-fashioned study, filled with rows of well-worn bookshelves and ________ antique maps and calligraphy works, radiates a strong sense of nostalgia. 89. The advertising campaign for the new smartphone model is carefully crafted ________ young consumers, with its sleek design, advanced features, and affordable price point. 90. The technical failure in the software, which caused frequent crashes ________ by the experienced engineers after days of intense work. 91. ________ the deep-rooted cultural differences between the two countries, the diplomats are breaking sweat to promote dialogue and cooperation, hoping to build a more stable and harmonious relationship. 【答案】86. hung up 87. bombarded with 88. decorated with 89. to appeal to 90. was ironed out 91. In spite of 【解析】 【86题详解】 考查动词短语。句意：由于严重的伤病，这位曾经前途无量的运动员——国家队十多年的核心球员——挂靴并结束了他辉煌的运动生涯。分析句子可知，空格处需填入一个与"结束职业生涯"相关的动词短语。hang up one’s boots是固定搭配，意为“退役/挂靴”。结合句意和“brought”可知，该句为一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式。故填hung up。 【87题详解】 考查动词短语和非谓语动词。句意：面对观众提出的一系列充满敌意的问题，演讲者保持冷静并逐一回答，试图澄清误解。空格处需填入一个表示“被大量提问”的动词短语。bombard…with…意为“用…轰炸/大量提问”，符合语境。作状语，动词bombard和主语The speaker构成被动关系，应用过去分词作状语。故填bombarded with。 【88题详解】 考查动词短语和非谓语动词。句意：这间老式书房里摆满了一排排破旧的书架，装饰着古董地图和书法作品，散发着强烈的怀旧感。空格处需填入一个表示“装饰”的动词短语。decorate…with…意为“用…装饰”，符合语境。此处需用过去分词作后置定语，动词decorate和主语The old-fashioned study构成被动关系，应用过去分词作定语，故填decorated with。 【89题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：新款智能手机的广告活动精心设计以吸引年轻消费者，它拥有时尚的设计、先进的功能和实惠的价格。空格处需填入一个表示“吸引”的动词短语。appeal to意为"吸引”，符合语境。此处为动词不定式作目的状语。故填to appeal to。 【90题详解】 考查动词短语和时态语态。句意：导致频繁崩溃的软件技术故障，经过工程师们数日的紧张工作后被成功解决。空格处为句子的谓语动词，iron out“消除（问题、困难等）”为动词短语，符合句意，结合句意可知，该句为一般过去时，主语The technical failure和iron out为被动关系，所以用被动语态，主语为单数，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填was ironed out。 【91题详解】 考查介词短语。句意：尽管两国之间存在根深蒂固的文化差异，外交官们仍在努力促进对话与合作，希望建立更稳定和谐的关系。根据句意，空格处需填入一个表示“尽管”的短语。in spite of意为“尽管”，符合语境，句首单词首字母大写。故填In spite of。 IV. Translation Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 92. 当她看到那些旧照片时，童年的回忆如潮水般涌来，她毫不犹豫地拿起电话给老朋友们打了过去。(flood) (汉译英) __________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】When she saw those old photos, the memories of her childhood flooded back, and without hesitation, she picked up the phone to call her old friends. 【解析】 【详解】考查时间状语从句、动词（短语）和名词。句子在描述过去发生事情，时态应用一般过去时；“当她看到那些旧照片时”可用意为“当……时”的从属连词when引导时间状语从句，主语“她”用代词she，谓语“看到”可用动词see，宾语“那些旧照片”可用名词短语those old photos；主句分为两部分，前后用并列连词and衔接，表顺承关系；第一部分的主语“童年的回忆”可用名词短语the memories of her childhood，谓语“如潮水般涌来”可用动词短语flood back；第二部分的状语“毫不犹豫地”可用介词without和名词hesitation搭配，主语“她”用代词she，“拿起电话做某事”可用动词短语pick up the phone to do sth.，“给老朋友们打了过去”可用动词短语call her old friends。故翻译为When she saw those old photos, the memories of her childhood flooded back, and without hesitation, she picked up the phone to call her old friends. 93. 由于缺乏充足的资金支持，那家新兴科技公司似乎难以在竞争激烈的市场中立足。(appear) (汉译英) __________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Due to the lack of sufficient financial support, that emerging technology company appears to have difficulty in establishing itself in the highly competitive market. 【解析】 【详解】考查固定短语、非谓语动词。表示“由于”用due to，句首单词，首字母需大写。表示“缺乏充足的资金支持”用the lack of sufficient financial support，作Due to的宾语。表示“那家新兴科技公司”用that emerging technology company，在句中作主语。 表示“似乎做某事”用appear to do sth.，本句描述目前事实，时态用一般现在时，主语为第三人称单数，谓语也用第三人称单数形式。表示“做某事有困难”用have difficulty in doing sth.，位于不定式符号to后，用动词原形。表示“立足，站稳脚跟”用establish oneself，用动名词，作宾语。表示“在竞争激烈的市场中”用in the highly competitive market，作地点状语。故翻译为Due to the lack of sufficient financial support, that emerging technology company appears to have difficulty in establishing itself in the highly competitive market. 94. 这个地区拥有几十处旅游景点，令人叹为观止的景色无疑会让它们在游客中越来越受欢迎，为当地旅游业带来繁荣。(boast) (汉译英) __________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】This region boasts dozens of tourist attractions, and its breathtaking scenery will undoubtedly make them increasingly popular among visitors, bringing prosperity to the local tourism industry. 【解析】 【详解】考查动词、短语和时态。表示“这个地区”应用动词this region；表示“拥有”应用动词boast，因句子表示的是一个客观情况，谓语动词使用一般现在时，因主语为单数第三人称，谓语动词使用单数第三人称形式；表示“几十处旅游景点”应翻译为dozens of tourist attractions；“令人叹为观止的景色”译为breathtaking scenery；“无疑会”翻译为undoubtedly；“让……越来越受欢迎”使用make...increasingly popular，因句子表示的是将来发生的动作，谓语动词使用一般将来时；“为当地旅游业带来繁荣”在句中作结果状语，使用现在分词短语bringing prosperity to the local tourism industry。故翻译为This region boasts dozens of tourist attractions, and its breathtaking scenery will undoubtedly make them increasingly popular among visitors, bringing prosperity to the local tourism industry。 95. 苗族社区的教师们不遗余力地确保学生在学校深入学习《苗族史诗》，他们的悉心教导让年轻一代对本民族文化有了深深的认同感和自豪感。(whose) (汉译英) __________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Teachers in the Miao community spare no effort/make every effort/go all out to ensure/make certain that students study the Miao Epic intensively/in depth/comprehensively/thoroughly at school, whose careful/meticulous/dedicated instruction enables/allows the younger generation to have/develop a deep sense of identity and pride in their own/native ethnic culture. 【解析】 【详解】考查非限制性定语从句、短语和名词。“苗族社区的教师们”可译为Teachers in the Miao community；“不遗余力地做某事”常见短语为spare no effort to do sth./make every effort to do sth./go all out to do sth.；“确保”可译为ensure/make certain；“深入学习《苗族史诗》”可译为study the Miao Epic intensively/in depth/comprehensively/thoroughly；“他们的悉心教导”，这里用whose引导非限制性定语从句，可译为whose careful/meticulous/dedicated instruction；“让某人有……”可译为enable sb. to have.../allow sb. to develop…；“对本民族文化有深深的认同感和自豪感”可译为have a deep sense of identity and pride in their own ethnic culture。故整句话可译为：Teachers in the Miao community spare no effort/make every effort/go all out to ensure/make certain that students study the Miao Epic intensively/in depth/comprehensively/thoroughly at school, whose careful/meticulous/dedicated instruction enables/allows the younger generation to have/develop a deep sense of identity and pride in their own/native ethnic culture. 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$