Unit3 语法 一般现在时 一般过去时 一般将来时的被动语态 讲义 2024-2025学年沪教牛津版（广州深圳沈阳通用）八年级英语下册

八下 Unit3 语法 被动语态 教学目标 (1).掌握八下Unit3的语法：被动语态的用法和时态结构； (2).掌握动词的句型总结 (3).掌握语法填空题的练习 Lesson 6 八下 Unit3 语法 被动语态 模块一 语法知识点讲解 1． 语态的分类：语态表示主语与谓语之间的关系。英语有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态 2． 语态的含义： 1. 主动语态表示主语是谓语动作的执行者 2. 被动语态表示主语是谓语动作的承受者 [例1]：We speak English in class . [例2]：English is spoken by us in class. 三．被动语态的基本结构：be +done(过去分词) +(by) ,翻译为：...被... [例3]：The house is cleaned by us every day. 四．各个时态被动语态的用法 (一).一般现在时的被动语态 1.肯定句：主语+am/is/are+done(过去分词)+(by sb.) [例4]：English is spoken by many people. 2.否定句：主语+am/is/are+not+done(过去分词)+(by sb.) [例5]：English isn’t spoken by many people. 3. 一般疑问句：Am/Is/Are+主语+done(过去分词)+(by sb.)？ [例6]：Are the shoes made in China? Yes, they are. / No, they aren’t. (二).一般过去时的被动语态 1.肯定句：主语+was/were+done(过去分词)+(by sb.) [例7]：Many trees were cut down by people last year. 2.否定句：主语+was/were++not+done(过去分词)+(by sb.) [例8]：Many trees were not cut down by people last year. 3.一般疑问句：Was/Were+主语+done(过去分词)+(by sb.)？ [例9]：Were Many trees cut down by people last year? Yes, they were. / No, they weren’t. (三).一般将来时的被动语态 1.肯定句：主语+will be+done(过去分词)+(by sb.) [例10]：The classroom will be cleaned by us soon. 2.否定句：主语+won’t be+done(过去分词)+(by sb.) [例11]：The meeting won’t be held tomorrow. 3.一般疑问句：Will+主语+be+done(过去分词)+(by sb.)? [例12]：Will the work be finished at once? 5． 总结三大时态被动语态的结构 被动语态结构 一般现在时 am/is/are +(not)+ done 一般过去时 was/were+ (not) +done 一般将来时 will + (not)+ be +done 模块二 语法知识巩固练习 一、单项选择题 1．We are glad to see that Chinese ________ by more and more people around the world. A．is speaking B．is spoken C．were spoken D．was speaking 2．The new basketball team ________ Eagles. It is made up of 15 boys ________ from 13 to 16. A．is called；are aged B．called；are aged C．called；aged D．is called；aged 3．—Every year, millions of plastic bottles ________ away, polluting the land and waterways. —That’s terrible. We should protect our environment. A．threw B．are thrown C．were thrown 4．—Don’t you see the sign “No Parking!” on the right? —Sorry, I didn’t. But now I know parking _________ here. A．wasn’t allowed B．isn’t allowed C．won’t allow D．doesn’t allow 5．—There can be no life on the earth without water. —That’s right. Water ________ everywhere. A．need B．is needing C．is needed D．needed 6．People ________ to drive after drinking wine or beer. A．doesn’t allow B．aren’t allowing C．don’t allow D．aren’t allowed 7．—Your classroom is really bright and clean. — It ________ after school every day. A．is cleaned B．cleaned C．was cleaned D．cleans 8．— Does she like________English songs? —Yes. She________to sing English songs in her room. A．singing; often heard B．singing; is often heard C．sing; is often heard D．sing; often heard 9．A big screen________on the front wall in our classroom. A．is hanged B．is hung C．hanging D．hanged 10．Today, the story________by people of most South-Asian countries. A．is known B．knows C．knew D．was known 11．—Waiter, I’d like some Ningbo Dumplings. —Sorry, sir. Ningbo Dumplings __________ only for lunch and dinner. A．serve B．served C．are served D．are serving 12．—I won’t go to the party unless Sue __________ , too. —You mean if Sue comes you’ll come? A．will invite B．invites C．invited D．is invited 13．______ a new library ______ in our school last year? A．Did; build B．Did; be built C．Was; built D．Was; build 14．—Did Jack come to our party yesterday? —No, he ________. A．isn’t invited B．didn’t invited C．wasn’t invited D．hasn’t invited 15．— Why didn’t you go to the party last night? — Because I ________. A．wasn’t invited B．didn’t invite C．haven’t invited D．don’t invite 二、用所给单词的正确形式填空(本大题共20小题，每小题2分，共40分) 1．The story __________ (write) by the writer in the 1990s. 2．As soon as we arrived at school this morning, we ___________(ask) to take an English test. How terrible! 3．A book ________ (write) in order to let us remember that great artist soon. 4．A new library _________ (build) in two years. 5．The old car was ________ in Germany in the 1960s. （produce） 6．I think my iPad ________ (hide) by my mother just now. I can’t find it anywhere. 7．Last year, that popular Chinese web novel ________ (translate) into English and French. 8．Modern music was first ________ (develop) in Italy. 9．Oxfam ________ (set) up in the UK in 1942. Since then, it has helped a lot of poor people. 10．—Your watch looks very beautiful. —Thank you. It ________（send）to me as a birthday present by my uncle. 模块三 题型专项训练 1． 语法填空题 A篇 Weifang in Shandong Province is known as the birthplace of kites. It has ___1___ long history of making kites. According to local people, Weifang kite-making can be traced(追溯)back to 2,000 years ago. Now, the International Kite Festival ___2___ (hold) in Weifang every year. Yang Hongwei, 56, is an inheritor(传承者)of the Weifang kite-making skill. Born into a kite-making family, Yang often saw kites with bright colors and different ___3___ (shape) in her grandfather’s workshop. “Every time I see these beautiful kites, I feel ___4___ (please),” said Yang. Yang learned the skill from her grandfather ___5___ the age of 16. After 10 years’ practicing, she started a shop by ___6___ (she). On Yang’s kites, people can see not only common patterns like butterflies, but also some prints telling Chinese traditional stories. Although making kites takes a lot of time and effort, she still works ___7___ (cheerful). In her spare time, she travels to different countries ___8___ (tell) people about Chinese stories on kites and the traditional ways of making kites. “___9___ (explain) the stories on the kites to foreigners makes me feel proud. It is my responsibility to spread it around the world ___10___ I’m an inheritor of the culture.” she said. B篇 America has been called a democracy(民主国家) since its independence(独立) more than two hundred 2.   (years) ago. However, at that time, only men 2.  (allow) to vote. Women could not get a higher education or 3.  (hold) public office. The woman's place 4.  (think) to be the home. Working women were not common. They usually 5.  (have) poor jobs and little respect. Slowly, however, the chances for women 6.  (increase). In the early part of last century, American women were allowed to vote and universities 7.  (set) up for women. Since the Second World War, American women 8.  (become) a large part of the American workforce(劳动力). Today, many women in America hold important positions, but many women 9.  (not please) with the current situation. They point out that in many cases women 10.  (pay) less than men for the same work they do. So they demand(要求) that women should be paid as much as men for the same work. 模块四 课后作业（20分钟） 1． 单项选择题 1．— A new park _________ in our hometown next year. — Really? Our hometown must be more beautiful. A．will build B．will be built C．is built D．was built 2．A friendly basketball match between teachers and students________ tomorrow afternoon. Anybody is welcome. A．was held B．will be held C．is held D．must be held 3．The new school in this area ________ next year. A．will be built B．will build C．is going to build D．builds 4．Many trees and flowers ________ next year to make Guangzhou more beautiful. A．will plant B．will planted C．being planted D．will be planted 5．The question __________ in three hours. A．discussed B．will discuss C．will be discussed D．is discussed 6．I think many children will________ by the funny pictures. A．were attracted B．attract C．be attracted D．are attracted 7．The 2020 Special Olympic Games ______ in Japan. A．will hold B．will be held C．were held D．held 8．— An international meeting will take place in Beijing this year.    — Yes. I hear thousands of guests ________ to the meeting then. A．will be invited B．will invite C．are invited D．invite 9．The elephants ________ to the zoo tomorrow afternoon. A．is sent B．will send C．will be sent D．send 10．How many Chinese astronauts _______ into space last year? A．was sent B．sent C．were sent D．have sent 2、 用所给单词的正确形式填空 1．The library building ________________(design) by the young man in 2012. 2．— Mum, excuse me, but when can we have dinner? — Not until it ________ (prepare) in half an hour. 3．What will you do if you ________ (offer) this job? 4．Cheese ________ (make) from milk. 5．If the dog ___________ (treat) in time, he will be safe soon. 6．You cannot bring that in here. Food is not ________（allow）in the museum. 7．— Jim, have you finished your report yet? — I will made it if I _________ (give) another two days. 8. This sign means people ________ (warn) not to park cars here. 9．—Is Uncle Tom coming to join us in the picnic? —Not until his work ________ (complete). 10.When the work ________ (finish) tomorrow, you may go out to play. ( 第 1 页 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 八下 Unit3 语法 被动语态 教学目标 (1).掌握八下Unit3的语法：被动语态的用法和时态结构； (2).掌握动词的句型总结 (3).掌握语法填空题的练习 Lesson 6 八下 Unit3 语法 被动语态 模块一 语法知识点讲解 1． 语态的分类：语态表示主语与谓语之间的关系。英语有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态 2． 语态的含义： 1. 主动语态表示主语是谓语动作的执行者 2. 被动语态表示主语是谓语动作的承受者 [例1]：We speak English in class . [例2]：English is spoken by us in class. 三．被动语态的基本结构：be +done(过去分词) +(by) ,翻译为：...被... [例3]：The house is cleaned by us every day. 四．各个时态被动语态的用法 (一).一般现在时的被动语态 1.肯定句：主语+am/is/are+done(过去分词)+(by sb.) [例4]：English is spoken by many people. 2.否定句：主语+am/is/are+not+done(过去分词)+(by sb.) [例5]：English isn’t spoken by many people. 3. 一般疑问句：Am/Is/Are+主语+done(过去分词)+(by sb.)？ [例6]：Are the shoes made in China? Yes, they are. / No, they aren’t. (二).一般过去时的被动语态 1.肯定句：主语+was/were+done(过去分词)+(by sb.) [例7]：Many trees were cut down by people last year. 2.否定句：主语+was/were++not+done(过去分词)+(by sb.) [例8]：Many trees were not cut down by people last year. 3.一般疑问句：Was/Were+主语+done(过去分词)+(by sb.)？ [例9]：Were Many trees cut down by people last year? Yes, they were. / No, they weren’t. (三).一般将来时的被动语态 1.肯定句：主语+will be+done(过去分词)+(by sb.) [例10]：The classroom will be cleaned by us soon. 2.否定句：主语+won’t be+done(过去分词)+(by sb.) [例11]：The meeting won’t be held tomorrow. 3.一般疑问句：Will+主语+be+done(过去分词)+(by sb.)? [例12]：Will the work be finished at once? 5． 总结三大时态被动语态的结构 被动语态结构 一般现在时 am/is/are +(not)+ done 一般过去时 was/were+ (not) +done 一般将来时 will + (not)+ be +done 模块二 语法知识巩固练习 一、单项选择题 1．We are glad to see that Chinese ________ by more and more people around the world. A．is speaking B．is spoken C．were spoken D．was speaking 2．The new basketball team ________ Eagles. It is made up of 15 boys ________ from 13 to 16. A．is called；are aged B．called；are aged C．called；aged D．is called；aged 3．—Every year, millions of plastic bottles ________ away, polluting the land and waterways. —That’s terrible. We should protect our environment. A．threw B．are thrown C．were thrown 4．—Don’t you see the sign “No Parking!” on the right? —Sorry, I didn’t. But now I know parking _________ here. A．wasn’t allowed B．isn’t allowed C．won’t allow D．doesn’t allow 5．—There can be no life on the earth without water. —That’s right. Water ________ everywhere. A．need B．is needing C．is needed D．needed 6．People ________ to drive after drinking wine or beer. A．doesn’t allow B．aren’t allowing C．don’t allow D．aren’t allowed 7．—Your classroom is really bright and clean. — It ________ after school every day. A．is cleaned B．cleaned C．was cleaned D．cleans 8．— Does she like________English songs? —Yes. She________to sing English songs in her room. A．singing; often heard B．singing; is often heard C．sing; is often heard D．sing; often heard 9．A big screen________on the front wall in our classroom. A．is hanged B．is hung C．hanging D．hanged 10．Today, the story________by people of most South-Asian countries. A．is known B．knows C．knew D．was known 11．—Waiter, I’d like some Ningbo Dumplings. —Sorry, sir. Ningbo Dumplings __________ only for lunch and dinner. A．serve B．served C．are served D．are serving 12．—I won’t go to the party unless Sue __________ , too. —You mean if Sue comes you’ll come? A．will invite B．invites C．invited D．is invited 13．______ a new library ______ in our school last year? A．Did; build B．Did; be built C．Was; built D．Was; build 14．—Did Jack come to our party yesterday? —No, he ________. A．isn’t invited B．didn’t invited C．wasn’t invited D．hasn’t invited 15．— Why didn’t you go to the party last night? — Because I ________. A．wasn’t invited B．didn’t invite C．haven’t invited D．don’t invite 答案： 1．B 【详解】句意：我们很高兴看到世界上越来越多的人说汉语。 考查动词的时态和语态。根据语境，从句部分描述的是一般性事实，时态用一般现在时；根据“by more and more people”可知，此句为被动语态，所以使用一般现在时的被动语态（be done），Chinese此处为“汉语”的意思，为第三人称单数，系动词用is。故选B。 2．D 【详解】句意：新的篮球队叫做老鹰队。这支队伍是由15个13到16岁的男孩组成的。 考查被动语态和非谓语动词。结合语境，可知句子应用一般现在时。主语The new basketball team与动词call“叫做”存在逻辑上的被动关系，句子应用被动语态，其结构为：am/is/are+过去分词。主语The new basketball team是单数名词，因此be动词应用is。因此第一空应填is called。在第二个句子中，主语是It，谓语是is made up of表示“组成”，15 boys名词作宾语，其后的from 13 to16表示男孩们的年龄，过去分词aged表示“……岁的”，构成aged from … to …表示“年龄从……岁到……岁”作后置定语修饰名词15 boys。因此第二个空应填aged。故选D。 3．B 【详解】句意：——每年，几百万个塑料瓶被扔掉，污染了土壤和水域。——那太可怕了。我们应该保护环境。 考查一般现在时的被动语态。根据“Every year”可知句子应用一般现在时，主语plastic bottles“塑料瓶”与动词throw away“扔掉”存在逻辑上的被动关系，句子应用被动语态，其结构为：be+过去分词。主语plastic bottles为复数名词，be动词应用are。动词throw的过去分词为thrown。故选B。 4．B 【详解】句意：——你没看到右边“禁止停车”的标志吗？——对不起，我没有看到。但是现在我知道这里不允许停车。 考查被动语态。分析句子可知，主语“parking”和谓语“allow允许”之间是被动关系，且根据“now”可知此处用一般现在时的被动语态am/is/are done。故选B。 5．C 【详解】句意：——没有水，地球上就没有生命。——没错。到处都需要水。 考查一般现在时的被动语态。need“需要”，主语“water”和动词“need”是被动关系，时态是一般现在时，所以空缺处用一般现在时的被动语态，构成：主语+am/is/are+动词过去分词，故选C。 6．D 【详解】句意：人们喝了葡萄酒或啤酒后不允许开车。 考查被动语态。主语people与动词allow之间是被动关系，故此处用被动语态结构，故选D。 7．A 【详解】句意：——你们的教室真是又明亮又干净。——每天放学后我们都会打扫它。 考查一般现在时的被动语态。主语“it(classroom)”与谓语“clean”是逻辑上的动宾关系，故用被动语态；根据“every day”可知，时态是一般现在时，所以用一般现在时的被动语态。故选A。 8．B 【详解】句意：——她喜欢唱英文歌吗？——是的。人们经常听到她在房间里唱英文歌。 考查非谓语和被动语态。singing唱歌，现在分词或者动名词形式；sing唱歌，动词原形；often heard经常听，动词过去式；is often heard经常被听，一般现在时的被动结构；根据句意理解可知，第一空表达的是“喜欢做某事”，英语是like doing sth，所以这里应该用singing形式；而第二空表达的是“人们经常听到他唱歌”，而句子的主语是she，与动词之间是被动关系，所以这里应该用被动结构，故选B。 【点睛】英语中被动结构的用法要注意，要理解句子主语与动词之间的关系。如果主语和动词之间表达的是被动关系，就需要用被动语态，而选择哪个时态的被动结构要根据句中的时间标志词来判断，也可以跟上下句的理解来选择，比如本题中问句用的是现在时，所以后句的也要用现在时，而主语与动词是被动关系，所以用的是现在时的被动。 9．B 【详解】句意：一块大屏幕悬挂在我们教室的前面的墙上。 考查动词的语态。hung是hang的过去式和过去分词，表示悬挂；hanged是hang的过去式和过去分词，表示绞死，上吊；hanging是hang的现在分词形式。此处根据“screen”可知表达“屏幕悬挂在墙上”，主语screen和hang是被动关系,用被动结构be done。此处用is hung。故选B。 10．A 【详解】句意：今天，这个故事被大多数南亚国家的人们所熟知。 考查被动语态。is known一般现在时态的被动语态形式；knows动词的第三人称单数形式； knew过去式； was known一般过去时态的被动语态。根据时间状语Today和空后by people of most South-Asian countries.可知，此空应填一般现在时态的被动语态形式is known，故选A。 11．C 【详解】句意：---服务员，我想点一些宁波水饺。---不好意思，先生，宁波水饺只在午餐和晚餐供应。考查be served表示提供。此处用被动语态。故选C。 12．D 【详解】--除非苏被邀请了不然我不会去参加聚会。--你的意思是如果苏去你也去？ Sue是动作的承受者，应当用被动语态；unless引导的是条件状语从句，在条件状语从句中，应当用一般现在时代替将来时。A选项是一般将来时；B选项是一般现在时；C选项是一般过去时，只有D选项is invited才是一般现在时被动语态。 13．C 【详解】句意：去年我们学校建了一座新图书馆吗？ 考查一般过去时的被动语态。根据“a new library”和“build”可知，两者是被动关系，结合last year，是一般过去时的被动语态，用was/were+过去分词；故选C。 14．C 【详解】句意：——杰克昨天来我们的聚会了吗？——没，他没被邀请。 考查一般过去时的被动语态。根据“No, he...”可知，杰克没有去聚会，因为他没有被邀请；由“yesterday”和语境可知，应用一般过去时的被动语态，结构为was/were+过去分词，否定在was/were后加not；主语为“he”，应用wasn’t，故选C。 15．A 【详解】句意：——昨晚你为什么不去聚会呢？——因为我没有被邀请。 考查一般过去时的被动语态。根据语境可知，事情发生在过去需用一般过去时，主语“I”是动词“invite”的承受者，构成被动关系，故用一般过去时的被动语态，其结构为be+动词的过去分词。本句中，主语是“I”，be的形式为was，否定是在其后加not。“invite”的过去分词为 invited。故选A。 二、用所给单词的正确形式填空(本大题共20小题，每小题2分，共40分) 1．The story __________ (write) by the writer in the 1990s. 2．As soon as we arrived at school this morning, we ___________(ask) to take an English test. How terrible! 3．A book ________ (write) in order to let us remember that great artist soon. 4．A new library _________ (build) in two years. 5．The old car was ________ in Germany in the 1960s. （produce） 6．I think my iPad ________ (hide) by my mother just now. I can’t find it anywhere. 7．Last year, that popular Chinese web novel ________ (translate) into English and French. 8．Modern music was first ________ (develop) in Italy. 9．Oxfam ________ (set) up in the UK in 1942. Since then, it has helped a lot of poor people. 10．—Your watch looks very beautiful. —Thank you. It ________（send）to me as a birthday present by my uncle. 答案： 1．was written 【详解】句意：这个故事是作者在20世纪90年代写的。根据“The story ... by the writer in the 1990s.”并结合英文单词提示可知，该句为一般过去时的被动语态，其谓语结构是：was/were+动词的过去分词，主语是“The story”，be动词用“was”，“write”的过去分词是“written”。故填was written。 2．were asked 【详解】句意：今天早上我们一到学校，就被要求参加英语考试。太可怕了！ask“要求”，动词。根据“As soon as we arrived at school this morning,”可知，此句是表示紧接着发生的两个动作，主从句都用一般过去时。且主语“we”和动词“ask”构成被动关系，故此处需用一般过去时的被动语态，其结构为：was/were+过去分词。主语是“we”，be动词用were；ask的过去分词为asked。故填were asked。 3．will be written 【详解】为了让我们记住那位伟大的艺术家，很快我们将写一本书。根据时间状语“soon”可知，句子时态为一般将来时；分析句子可知，句子主语A book与谓语动词write之间是动宾关系，应使用被动语态，即一般将来时的被动语态，其构成为：will be+动词的过去分词；write的过去分词是written。故填will be written。 4．will be built 【详解】句意：新图书馆将在两年内建成。主语“The new library”与动词build之间是动宾关系，结合“in two years”可知用一般将来时的被动语态，其结构为will be done，build的过去分词是built。故填will be built。 5．produced 【详解】句意：这辆旧车是20世纪60年代在德国生产的。根据“The old car was…in Germany in the 1960s.”可知，此处主语和动词之间为被动关系，使用被动语态“be done”，此处填过去分词produced“生产”，故填produced。 6．was hidden 【详解】句意：我想我的iPad刚刚被我妈妈藏起来了。我到处找不到它。just now说明句子用一般过去时，从句主语my iPad与动词hide（隐藏）存在被动关系，句子应用被动语态，其结构为：was/were+过去分词。主语my iPad为单数名词，be动词应用was，动词hide的过去分词为hidden。故填was hidden。 7．was translated 【详解】句意：去年，这部流行的中国网络小说被翻译成了英语和法语。translate“翻译”，动词，分析句子可知主语novel和动词之间是被动关系，结合“Last year”可知句子应用一般过去时的被动语态：was/were done，主语是单数，be动词用was，故填was translated。 8．developed 【详解】句意：现代音乐首先在意大利发展起来。主语“Modern music”与动词develop之间是被动关系，故此处应用被动语态be done的结构，空格前已有was，故此处应填过去分词，develop的过去分词是developed，故填developed。 9．was set 【详解】句意：Oxfam于1942年在英国成立。从那时起，它已经帮助了很多穷人。主语“Oxfam”与谓语“set”是被动关系，需用被动语态，根据“in 1942”以及主语“Oxfam”可知应用一般过去时的被动语态：was+done。“set”成立，是动词，其过去分词是set。故填was set。 10．was sent 【详解】句意：——你的手表看起来很漂亮。——谢谢。 这是我叔叔送给我的生日礼物。分析句子可知，句子的时态是一般过去时，语态是被动语态，“It”指的是礼物，在句中作主语，be动词用单数“was”；send的过去分词形式为“sent”。故填was sent。 模块三 题型专项训练 1． 语法填空题 A篇 Weifang in Shandong Province is known as the birthplace of kites. It has ___1___ long history of making kites. According to local people, Weifang kite-making can be traced(追溯)back to 2,000 years ago. Now, the International Kite Festival ___2___ (hold) in Weifang every year. Yang Hongwei, 56, is an inheritor(传承者)of the Weifang kite-making skill. Born into a kite-making family, Yang often saw kites with bright colors and different ___3___ (shape) in her grandfather’s workshop. “Every time I see these beautiful kites, I feel ___4___ (please),” said Yang. Yang learned the skill from her grandfather ___5___ the age of 16. After 10 years’ practicing, she started a shop by ___6___ (she). On Yang’s kites, people can see not only common patterns like butterflies, but also some prints telling Chinese traditional stories. Although making kites takes a lot of time and effort, she still works ___7___ (cheerful). In her spare time, she travels to different countries ___8___ (tell) people about Chinese stories on kites and the traditional ways of making kites. “___9___ (explain) the stories on the kites to foreigners makes me feel proud. It is my responsibility to spread it around the world ___10___ I’m an inheritor of the culture.” she said. 答案：1．a    2．is held    3．shapes    4．pleased    5．at    6．herself    7．cheerfully    8．to tell    9．Explaining    10．because 【导语】本文主要介绍了杨红卫通过制作风筝传播中国文化。 1．句意：它制作风筝的历史悠久。此处表示泛指，long以辅音音素开头，用不定冠词a。故填a。 2．句意：现在，潍坊每年都会举办国际风筝节。句子主语“the International Kite Festival”和谓语“hold举行”之间是被动关系，根据“every year”可知此处用一般现在时的被动语态am/is/are done，主语是单数，be动词用is。故填is held。 3．句意：杨经常在她祖父的作坊里看到色彩鲜艳、形状各异的风筝。different后加可数名词复数shapes“形状”。故填shapes。 4．句意：每次看到这些漂亮的风筝，我都感到很高兴。feel后用形容词pleased“高兴的”作表语。故填pleased。 5．句意：杨在16岁时就从祖父那里学到了这项技能。at the age of“在……岁时”。故填at。 6．句意：经过10年的实践，她自己开了一家店。根据“she started a shop by...”可知她自己开了一家店，by oneself“独自”，此处用反身代词herself“她自己”。故填herself。 7．句意：虽然制作风筝需要花费很多时间和精力，她仍然兴高采烈地工作。此处修饰动词用副词cheerfully“高兴地”。故填cheerfully。 8．句意：闲暇之余，她到不同的国家，向人们讲述中国风筝的故事和传统的风筝制作方法。tell“告诉”，“she travels to different countries”的目的是“tell people about Chinese stories on kites and the traditional ways of making kites”，作目的状语用动词不定式。故填to tell。 9．句意：向外国人解释风筝上的故事让我感到自豪。explain“解释”，作主语用动名词，放句首首字母大写。故填Explaining。 10．句意：将它传播到世界各地是我的责任，因为我是文化的继承者。根据“It is my responsibility to spread it around the world...I’m an inheritor of the culture”可知前后两句是因果关系，前果后因，用because引导原因状语从句。故填because。 B篇 America has been called a democracy(民主国家) since its independence(独立) more than two hundred 2.   (years) ago. However, at that time, only men 2.  (allow) to vote. Women could not get a higher education or 3.  (hold) public office. The woman's place 4.  (think) to be the home. Working women were not common. They usually 5.  (have) poor jobs and little respect. Slowly, however, the chances for women 6.  (increase). In the early part of last century, American women were allowed to vote and universities 7.  (set) up for women. Since the Second World War, American women 8.  (become) a large part of the American workforce(劳动力). Today, many women in America hold important positions, but many women 9.  (not please) with the current situation. They point out that in many cases women 10.  (pay) less than men for the same work they do. So they demand(要求) that women should be paid as much as men for the same work. 【答案】1.years 2. were allowed 3. hold 4. was thought 5. had 6. have increased 7. were set 8. have become 9. are not pleased 10. are paid 模块四 课后作业（20分钟） 1． 单项选择题 1．— A new park _________ in our hometown next year. — Really? Our hometown must be more beautiful. A．will build B．will be built C．is built D．was built 2．A friendly basketball match between teachers and students________ tomorrow afternoon. Anybody is welcome. A．was held B．will be held C．is held D．must be held 3．The new school in this area ________ next year. A．will be built B．will build C．is going to build D．builds 4．Many trees and flowers ________ next year to make Guangzhou more beautiful. A．will plant B．will planted C．being planted D．will be planted 5．The question __________ in three hours. A．discussed B．will discuss C．will be discussed D．is discussed 6．I think many children will________ by the funny pictures. A．were attracted B．attract C．be attracted D．are attracted 7．The 2020 Special Olympic Games ______ in Japan. A．will hold B．will be held C．were held D．held 8．— An international meeting will take place in Beijing this year.    — Yes. I hear thousands of guests ________ to the meeting then. A．will be invited B．will invite C．are invited D．invite 9．The elephants ________ to the zoo tomorrow afternoon. A．is sent B．will send C．will be sent D．send 10．How many Chinese astronauts _______ into space last year? A．was sent B．sent C．were sent D．have sent 答案：1．B 【详解】句意：——明年我们家乡将建一个新公园。——真的吗？我们的家乡一定会更加美丽。 考查动词时态和语态。主语A new park和谓语build之间是动宾关系，所以用被动语态，结合“next year”可知，用一般将来时的被动语态（will be done），故选B。 2．B 【详解】句意：师生之间的友好篮球赛将于明天下午举行。欢迎任何人参加。 考查一般将来时的被动语态。主语“A friendly basketball match”与动词hold“举行”之间构成被动关系；结合时间状语“tomorrow afternoon”，应该用一般将来时的被动语态，结构为：will be done。故选B。 3．A 【详解】句意：这个地区的新学校将于明年建成。 考查一般将来时的被动语态。build“建造”，主语“The new school”和动词“build”是被动关系，所以用被动语态，由“next year”可知，时态是一般将来时，所以用一般将来时的被动语态，构成：主语+will+be+动词过去分词，故选A。 4．D 【详解】句意：明年将种植许多树和花，使广州更美丽。 考查一般将来时被动语态。根据“next year”可知，句子用一般将来时。主语“Many trees and flowers”与动词plant之间是被动关系，故此处用一般将来时被动语态will be done结构，故选D。 5．C 【详解】句意：这个问题三个小时之后将被大家讨论。 考查动词的时态和语态。根据“in three hours”可知句子是一般将来时，主语“question”与动词“讨论”之间是被动关系，表达“被讨论”动词用一般将来时的被动结构“will be discussed”。故选C。 6．C 【详解】句意：我认为许多孩子将被有趣的图画吸引。 考查时态和语态。根据by the funny pictures可知，此处用被动形式，根据will可知，此处用一般将来时的被动语态will be+过去分词，故选C。 7．B 【详解】句意：不同寻常的的2020年奥林匹克运动会将在日本举行。 考查时态与语态。根据主语与谓语之间的关系可知，此处应用被动语态，所以可排除A和D两个选项。主语“the 2020 Special Olympic Games”是单数，所以可排除C选项。B选项是一般将来时的被动语态，且使题干语意通顺、语法正确。故选B。 8．A 【详解】句意：——今年将在北京举行一次国际会议。——是的。我听说届时将有成千上万的客人被邀请参加会议。 考查一般将来时被动语态。根据“An international meeting will take place in Beijing this year”可知，空处所在句子也用一般将来时，主语guests与动词invite之间是被动关系，故此处用一般将来时被动语态will be done的结构，故选A。 9．C 【详解】句意：明天下午大象将被送到动物园。 考查一般将来时被动语态。根据“ tomorrow afternoon”可知，此句用一般将来时。主语elephants与动词send之间是被动关系，故此处用一般将来时被动语态will be done的结构，故选C。 10．C 【详解】句意：去年有多少中国宇航员被送入太空？ 考查一般过去时的被动语态。主语“Chinese astronauts”是动作的承受者，结合“last year”可知，时态是一般过去时，所以用一般过去时的被动语态，主语是复数形式，助动词用were，故选C。 2、 用所给单词的正确形式填空 1．The library building ________________(design) by the young man in 2012. 2．— Mum, excuse me, but when can we have dinner? — Not until it ________ (prepare) in half an hour. 3．What will you do if you ________ (offer) this job? 4．Cheese ________ (make) from milk. 5．If the dog ___________ (treat) in time, he will be safe soon. 6．You cannot bring that in here. Food is not ________（allow）in the museum. 7．— Jim, have you finished your report yet? — I will made it if I _________ (give) another two days. 8. This sign means people ________ (warn) not to park cars here. 9．—Is Uncle Tom coming to join us in the picnic? —Not until his work ________ (complete). 10.When the work ________ (finish) tomorrow, you may go out to play. 答案： 1．was designed 【详解】句意：这座图书馆大楼是在2012年由一位年轻人设计的。结合句中时间状语in 2012可知，本句为一般过去时；The library building与design之间为被动关系，故应使用一般过去时的被动语态。故填was design。 2．is prepared 【详解】句意：——妈妈，打扰一下，我们什么时候可以吃饭？——半小时后才能做好。根据it和谓语动词prepare可知，两者是被动关系，until引导时间状语从句，遵循主将从现原则，因此此句用一般现在时的被动语态，is prepared符合句意，故填is prepared。 3．are offered 【详解】句意：如果你得到这份工作，你会怎么做？offer“提供，给予”，动词；根据语境“你是被提供这份工作”，主语“you”与动词“offer”存在被动关系；再根据该句是条件状语从句，从句要用一般现在时，主语为“you”，be动词用are，offer的过去分词为offered。故填are offered。 4．is made 【详解】句意：奶酪是由牛奶制成的。be made from为固定搭配，意为“由……制成的”；此句陈述事实，应用一般现在时；cheese为不可数名词，故be动词应用is。故填is made。 5．is treated 【详解】句意：如果这条狗被及时治疗，他很快就会安全的。根据语境和句意可知此句是被动语态；本句也是if引导的被动语态，条件状语从句用一般现在时，主句用一般将来时。故此句是一般现在时的被动语态，故填is treated。 6．allowed 【详解】句意：你不能把那个带到这里来。博物馆里不允许吃东西。allow“允许”，动词；根据“food is not …”可知，allow和food为被动关系，应用一般现在时的被动语态，结构为“is/are+过去分词”，故空格处为过去分词allowed。故填allowed。 7．am given 【详解】句意：——吉姆，你的报告写完了吗？——如果再给我两天时间，我会成功的。句子是if引导的条件状语从句，遵循“主将从现”，从句用一般现在时，主语I和谓语give“给”之间是被动关系，用一般现在时的被动语态am/is/are done，be动词用am。故填am given。 8．are warned 【详解】句意：这个指示牌意思是人们被警告不要在这停车。宾语从句的主语people“人们”和谓语动词warn“警告”之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，应用被动语态，其谓语结构是“be动词+动词的过去分词”，主语是复数，应用be动词are。故填are warned。 9．is completed 【详解】句意：——Tom叔叔要来加入我们的野餐吗？——直到他的工作做完才来。根据语境，在until引导的时间状语中，用一般现在时来表示将来的动作，从句主语his work与动词complete（完成）存在逻辑上的被动关系，句子应用被动语态，其结构为：be+过去分词。主语his work为单数名词，be动词应用is，动词complete的过去分词为completed。故填is completed。 10．is finished 【详解】句意：明天工作完成后，你可以出去玩。根据题干中的“when...”可知是when引导的时间状语从句，从句时态要用一般现在时代替将来时；分析从句的主语“the work”以及谓语动词“finish”，可知工作是被人完成，所以主语是动词的承受者，用被动语态，结构是：be done；所以此空填一般现在时的被动语态。因主语是不可数名词，所以用is。故填is finished ( 第 1 页 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$