类型二 创新考法专练-【一战成名新中考·5行卷】2024陕西中考英语·方向性试题强化训练

方向性试题强化训练·陕西英语 类型二　 创新考法专练 Passage 1 　 　 For some kids in Barcelona, Spain, their Friday commute ( 往返) to school has recently become a little different. In September, five children in Eixample, Barcelona, started up a “ bike bus ” program. Each Friday, they ride their bikes to school with their parents. Each time before doing so, they post their route(路线) online for other people to see. Anyone who wishes to join them could do so. The group has quickly grown to include hundreds of riders. The bike bus begins around 8 a. m. , every Friday and lasts for about 25 minutes. It starts off with just a few students and parents, with more and more joining up with them as they travel along. There are several schools along the route. When students reach their school, they leave the “ bus” and park their bikes. Instead of riding only in bike lanes(车道), the bike bus takes over the whole street. With music playing, it feels like a party. The local police support the program. They make sure the safety of kids and parents by riding in front of the group and behind it. Before the bike bus program, it wasn􀆳t completely safe for kids in Eixample to go to school by bike. The bike lanes are narrow(窄的) and the traffic is busy. Parents hope that the bike bus program will change people􀆳s ideas about getting around. Biking, they say, is a great form of exercise. It􀆳s also more environment-friendly than driving. 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　( A )1. How did the five children in Eixample go to school in September? A. By bike. B. By bus. C. By train. D. By car. ( B )2. 事件排序 Which of the following orders about the program is RIGHT? ①Students leave the “ bus” when they reach their schools. ②A few students start off with parents. ③Some students post their route online. ④More and more people join up with them. A. ①②③④ B. ③②④① C. ②④①③ D. ④①③② ( C )3. What􀆳s the best title of this passage? A. A Good Idea on Travelling Around B. A Special Way to Study at School C. A Wonderful Program About Going to School D. A Different Example in the Community Passage 2 　 　 With the days getting colder, you may want to turn into a bear and sleep through the whole winter. Actually, scientists are looking for ways to let humans hibernate(冬眠), too! So what is hibernation? During hibernation, an animal􀆳s heart beats and breathing slow down. They can save energy when there􀆳s little food in the winter months. Japanese researchers have found the secret behind hibernation—the “Q neurons(神经元)”. These neurons in animals􀆳 brains can put them into a hibernation condition. The researchers also did surgeries(手术) after turning on the mice􀆳s “ Q neurons”. It turned out that the surgeries caused less damage to the mice during their hibernation. According to the team, humans􀆳 “ Q neurons” cannot be turned on and off as easily as the mice􀆳s. But they are confident in copying the 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 94 方向性试题强化训练·陕西英语 mice􀆳s hibernation in humans. That means we could let people in surgery “ hibernate”, causing less damage to their bodies. In recent years, more scientists are getting to know the advantages of hibernation. For example, US scientist Katherine Grabek found that when the monkey hibernates, it cleans out harmful brain parts that are related to Alzheimer􀆳s ( 老年痴呆 症) in humans. They hope to design medicine for humans based on this finding. Some studies in rabbits showed that, during hibernation, their bodies age more slowly. This also provides new ideas for making humans live longer in the future, according to Rachel Howard, a leading reporter in New Scientist magazine. Such promising findings may help people solve health problems that have troubled humans for centuries. ( A ) 1. 写作意图 What is the function (作用) of Paragraph 2? A. To make a definition(定义). B. To compare two facts. C. To show an example. D. To predict what follows next. ( D ) 2. Which idea is Rachel Howard most likely to agree with? A. People can hibernate whenever they like in the future. B. Hibernation is a medicine for many serious diseases. C. Rabbits live longer than humans in hibernation. D. People may hibernate to slow down aging in the future. 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　( A ) 3. 作者态度 What􀆳s the author􀆳s attitude towards the findings of hibernation? A. Supportive. B. Worried. C. Doubtful. D. Not known. ( C ) 4. 图片理解 Which animal did the scientists not study in the passage? A. B. C. D. Passage 3 　 　 What time is it? The answer you give can be different, because you are in the Earth􀆳s different time zones ( 时区). But how could you tell the time if you aren􀆳t anywhere on the Earth? Scientists are now thinking of creating a lunar(月球的) time zone. They believe it would be better for astronauts to communicate by using Moon Time, as they travel to, from, and across the moon. At the moment, astronauts are using time zones of their own countries. But there could be safety problems caused by the differences in time-telling. 　 ▲ 　 Gravity(重力) influences how quickly or slowly time passes. Since gravity is weaker on the moon, clocks run a bit faster there. Another point to consider is that a full day on Earth is about 24 hours between two sunsets(日 落). While on the Moon, it is nearly 709 hours, about 29. 5 Earth days. This means that lunar nights can be around two weeks long. With all this to think about, scientists need to decide whether it would be better to follow a time zone on the Earth, or for the Moon to have its own special zone, which would have much longer days. Scientists must consider other problems, too. For example, who should be responsible for keeping the time zone going? And how can it be made practical for astronauts to use? 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 05 方向性试题强化训练·陕西英语 There are more countries planning moon trips in the future. The idea of creating a time zone on the Moon would make these easier. And if a lunar time zone is set up, scientists could create time zones for other planets like Mars. ( B ) 1. 开篇方式 How does the writer start the passage? A. By telling news. B. By asking questions. C. By giving examples. D. By listing numbers. ( C )2. Scientists think that a lunar time zone can 　 　 　 　 . A. keep the moon clean B. keep astronauts healthy C. make the moon trips safer D. make space travel faster ( A )3. 句子还原 Which of the following can be put in the blank 　 ▲ 　 in Paragraph 3? A. Setting up a lunar time zone is not easy. B. Setting up a special time zone is important. C. Scientists are holding different opinions. D. Scientists need to do lots of experiments. ( B )4. 写作意图 The passage is written to 　 　 　 　 . A. give information about space travel B. introduce the idea of Moon Time C. describe an experience of time travel D. share news about landing on Mars Passage 4 letter I V X L C D M value 1 5 10 50 100 500 1,000 　 　 Roman numbers are the number system with hundreds of years􀆳 history. They were created by the Romans with seven letters: I, V, X, L, C, D and M. Their meanings are as follows. Hand signals(手势) may tell us how Roman numbers were invented. “ Ⅰ”, a single line, is one finger, and “Ⅴ” means five fingers. “Ⅹ” is two hands showing two fives with thumbs(拇指) crossed, like the shape “Ⅹ”. Roman numbers are read from left to right. The order of the letters is important. There are two main rules. If a letter comes before a letter of greater value, you use subtraction. For example, Ⅳ is 4 and XC is 90. If one or more letters come after a letter of greater value, you add them. For example, Ⅻ means 12; CXIII means 113. Roman numbers have played an important part in Roman times. People used them in everyday business, engineering and maths. People in Europe kept using them until the 15th century. Later, people realized the Arabic numbers were easier when they had to calculate (计算) larger numbers. Also, zero was not in the Roman number system. It was a big problem in maths. However, Roman numbers are still used on watches and clocks to show people the time. In the names of streets and buildings, you can also see them. Subjects like chemistry and music might still use them. Besides, they are used to 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 15 方向性试题强化训练·陕西英语 refer to kings and queens, such as Queen Elizabeth Ⅱ. While they are not the main number system in modern maths, they are still around us. ( B )1. 图片理解 Which of the following pictures stands for “ subtraction ” in Paragraph 5? A. B. C. D. ( D ) 2. What does the Roman number LX Ⅻ mean? A. 28. B. 32. C. 68. D. 72. ( C )3. Why were Roman numbers important in Roman times? A. Because they were easier than the Arabic numbers. B. Because Europeans had to calculate larger numbers. C. Because people widely used them in their daily life. D. Because the number zero brought a problem to maths. ( B ) 4. The underlined word “they” in the last paragraph properly refers to “　 　 　 　 ”. A. Arabic numbers B. Roman numbers C. subjects like music D. watches and clocks Passage 5 　 　 Many animals always move from an area to another during the years. This is called migration (迁徙). They do so to find a place that will offer better living conditions. There are kinds of reasons why animals leave. Some leave to avoid weather changes. Some leave because there is less food there. Unlike humans who move because of relationships, job changes, or other social reasons, animals move to survive(生存). There are different types of migration, but the most interesting one is the seasonal migration. In seasonal migrations, animals move twice a year. They usually happen because of changes in the seasons or in the weather. For example, some birds leave colder areas to somewhere warmer and then come back to a place once the colder weather has passed. How do animals know when it is time to begin their migration? Some animals do not leave an area until the environment changes and the place is not fit for them to live. Other animals seem to have born abilities that tell them when it is time to leave. Animals use different ways to successfully reach the place where they want to go. Scientists believe animals􀆳 senses play an important role in helping them find their way. For example, some fish are thought to tell special smells that help them. Some are thought to use even the sun, the moon, and stars to help guide them on their journeys. And others may use some rivers and lakes. Although they use different ways to move, one thing is the same: migration remains an important journey for many of Earth􀆳s most amazing species(物种). ( B )1. Why do animals move according to the passage? A. To build new relationships. B. To find better living conditions. C. To look for interesting places. D. To avoid being killed by enemies. ( B )2. 细节归纳 Which of the following do animals use to find their way during migration? ①the stars　 ②their born abilities 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 25 方向性试题强化训练·陕西英语 ③special smells　 ④the rivers A. ①②③ B. ①③④ C. ①②④ D. ②③④ ( B ) 3. 主题推断 What is the theme of the passage? A. History. B. Nature. C. Geography. D. Chemistry. ( A )4. What􀆳s the best title for the passage? A. Facts About Animals􀆳 Migration B. The Importance of Animals􀆳 Senses C. An Introduction of Different Species D. The Importance of Seasonal Migration Passage 6 　 　 What are teeth used for? “That􀆳s easy,” you say. “ Teeth are for eating. ” You􀆳re right. For humans, that􀆳s the purpose of teeth. But, for animals, teeth are good for more than just eating. They might be used for fighting, communicating, or even building a home. Many animals use their teeth to fight. Walruses(海象) have two teeth called tusks(长 牙) that can grow up to almost a meter long. And the one with the longest tusks usually wins the fights among walruses. Elephants also have tusks, though theirs can grow to be over three meters long! They use them to protect themselves and the young, and even avoid lions if necessary. Some animals use their teeth to send messages. Horses show teeth to express different feelings. They might talk rudely, welcome others, or show respect. Baboons(狒狒) shout and show a mouth full of huge, pointed teeth to both warn enemies and make their young behave well. A few animals use their teeth to build a home. Naked mole rats(裸鼢鼠) use their teeth to dig holes, which serve as a home. Their teeth are growing all the time, but wear down as the top and bottom teeth scrape(摩擦) together while digging through hard soil(土). So, as you can see, teeth are not only used for eating. They􀆳re also useful for building homes, digging holes, warning off enemies, and fighting! ( D ) 1. What is the use of elephants􀆳 teeth according to the passage? A. Building homes. B. Cleaning themselves. C. Communicating with each other. D. Protecting themselves and the young. ( D ) 2. 图片理解 Which animal is not mentioned in the passage? A. B. C. D. ( C ) 3. The underlined phrase “wear down” in Paragraph 4 probably means “　 　 　 　 ”. A. get their teeth fully cleaned B. let their teeth replaced C. make their teeth broken D. cause their teeth to be useless ( C )4. 文章结构 Which of the following best shows the structure of the passage? A. ① / ②③ / ④⑤ B. ①② / ③④ / ⑤ C. ① / ②③④ / ⑤ D. ①②③ / ④ / ⑤ Passage 7 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 35 方向性试题强化训练·陕西英语 　 　 Do you know what information a tiny piece of your hair can give? The answer may include who your family is, which job you could be successful in, what illnesses you may get, and so on. All the information is carried in your DNA. Every cell(细胞) in your body has your unique ( 唯 一 的 ) DNA. It can tell you a lot of information about your family, health and so on. DNA was discovered by Friedrich Miescher, a Swiss scientist, in 1869. However, for many years, nobody realized its importance. In 1953, Dr. James Watson and Francis Crick, two wonderful scientists at Cambridge University, finally discovered the structure (结构) of DNA. And they were given a Nobel Prize in 1962. Gradually, scientists learned to “read” more and more of the information in DNA. In 1986, DNA testing was used by the police for the first time. The testing can be a helpful tool for the police to find out the criminal and solve the case (案件). Today it is also used for finding lost children. In 1990, the Human Genome Project was started in the US. Scientists wanted to make a map of human DNA. More than 1,000 scientists all over the world worked on the project, and it took them about 13 years to finish the project. It is really a big and meaningful project. The more scientists know about human DNA, the more they can do. For example, it􀆳s possible that many illnesses will be cured (治愈) in the future. ( C ) 1. 开篇方式 How does the writer start the passage? A. By telling a story. B. By comparing facts. C. By asking a question. D. By giving suggestions. ( B )2. The underlined word “It” in Paragraph 2 refers to “　 　 　 　 ” . A. your hair B. your DNA C. information D. each part of your body ( A )3. What will probably be introduced in the following paragraphs? A. How DNA will be used to help people. B. Why everyone needs to know knowledge about DNA. C. When new research on DNA will be carried out. D. Who will play an important part in studying DNA. ( C )4. 写作意图 The passage is written to 　 　 　 　 . A. show us some information on our hair B. ask us to learn from the police C. tell us about scientists􀆳 research on DNA D. encourage us to join in the Human Genome Project 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 45 参考答案及解析·陕西英语 方 向 性 试 题 强 化 训 练 三篇日记;再根据文章内容可知是旅行日记。 故选 C。 4. C　 【解析】标题归纳题。 根据文章内容可知,本文主要记叙 了作者在泰国旅行中的所见所闻。 故选 C。 Passage 5 【主旨大意】本文是一则通知。 主要是关于学生会将举办一场 关于如何保护环境的演讲。 演讲内容主要提到地球面临的环 境问题,呼吁大家采取行动保护环境,同时邀请大家来听布莱 克先生的演讲。 1. C　 【解析】细节理解题。 由“Time: 8:00 a. m. -9:30 a. m. , December 23rd”可知演讲将持续一个半小时。 故选 C。 2. D　 【解析】细节理解题。 根据“Almost every day we can hear about the problems of the environment—pollution, acid rain(酸 雨), climate(气候) change, flood, drought(干旱) and more and more wild animals disappearing. ” 可知,人们经常谈论这 六大问题。 故选 D。 3. D　 【解析】写作意图题。 根据文章内容可知,本文主要介绍 了一场即将举办的关于如何保护环境的演讲。 故选 D。 Passage 6 【主旨大意】本文是一篇用药说明。 文章主要介绍了一种药的 使用方法及注意事项。 1. A　 【解析】细节理解题。 根据表格 Functions 这一栏可知答 案。 2. D　 【解析】数字计算题。 根据表格 Directions 部分第一栏可 知答案。 3. C　 【解析】推理判断题。 根据表格 Date 部分可推知答案。 4. A　 【解析】主旨大意题。 本文主要介绍了 Better Coldren 的 用药说明和注意事项。 Passage 7 【主旨大意】本文是一则广告。 文章主要介绍了阳光学校的网 球课,详细地介绍了时间、费用和其他的注意事项等。 1. C　 【解析】细节理解题。 根据 “ A meeting will be held at lunchtime, Tuesday October 9th, the day before the course begins􀆺”可推知星期三开始上课。 故选 C。 2. C　 【解析】细节理解题。 根据“All new students will receive a free tennis racquet when joining for the first time. ”可知新生第 一次参加时将获赠网球拍一支。 故选 C。 3. A　 【解析】写作对象题。 根据“ Please ask your child to be there. ”和 “ Let us know the time your child cannot take the lessons. ”可知文章是写给学生家长的。 故选 A。 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 类型二　 创新考法专练 Passage 1 【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。 文章主要讲述了西班牙巴塞 罗那的一些孩子启动了一个“自行车巴士”项目,并对该项目进 行了具体的介绍。 1. A　 【解析】细节理解题。 根据第二段的前两句可知,这五个 学生是骑自行车上学的。 故选 A。 2. B　 【解析】事件排序题。 根据第二段第三句、第三段第二句 和第四句可知,事件发生的顺序依次是③②④①。 故选 B。 3. C　 【解析】标题归纳题。 根据文章内容可知,本文主要介绍 了西班牙巴塞罗那的一些孩子启动了一个“自行车巴士”项 目。 故选 C。 Passage 2 【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。 文章主要分享了许多和冬眠 有关的研究成果。 1. A　 【解析】写作意图题。 根据第二段的第一句“ So what is hibernation?”可知,该段介绍了什么是“冬眠”,也就是在下 定义。 故选 A。 2. D　 【解析】推理判断题。 根据人名可知信息来源于第六段: Some studies in rabbits showed that, during hibernation, their bodies age more slowly. This also provides new ideas for making humans live longer in the future, according to Rachel Howard. 由此可知,雷切尔·霍华德赞同的想法就是:未来人们可能 会通过冬眠来延缓衰老。 故选 D。 3. A　 【解析】作者态度题。 根据文章最后一句可知作者认为 这些发现能够帮助人们解决困扰人类几个世纪的健康问题, 由此可知其态度应该是支持的。 故选 A。 4. C　 【解析】图片理解题。 通读文章可知,科学家已经在老 鼠、猴子和兔子身上做了冬眠的相关研究,而没有用到猫。 故选 C。 Passage 3 【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。 文章主要讲述了科学家们正 在考虑在月球上建立一个时区,以便宇航员在月球上旅行时使 用。 1. B　 【解析】开篇方式题。 第一段的第一句和最后一句均是 问句,故文章以提问题的形式开篇。 故选 B。 2. C　 【解析】细节理解题。 根据第二段前两句及最后一句可 知,月球时区会让月球之旅更安全。 故选 C。 3. A　 【解析】句子还原题。 根据第三段最后一句可知,设置月 球时区并不简单。 故选 A。 4. B　 【解析】写作意图题。 根据最后一段的最后两句可知,作 者写这篇文章是想介绍月球时间。 故选 B。 Passage 4 【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。 文章主要介绍了罗马数字的 相关知识。 1. B　 【解析】图片理解题。 根据第五段“If a letter comes before a letter of greater value, you use subtraction. For example, IV is 4 and XC is 90. ”以及表格中 I 表示的是数字 1,V 表示的 是数字 5,可知,subtraction 意为减法。 故选 B。 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 04 参考答案及解析·陕西英语 方 向 性 试 题 强 化 训 练 2. D　 【解析】细节理解题。 根据第六段“ If one or more letters come after a letter of greater value, you add them. For example,Ⅻ means 12; C􀃼 means 113. ”以及表格中 L 表示 的是数字 50,X 表示的是数字 10,表格中 I 表示的是数字 1, 可知,罗马数字 LXⅫ是 72。 故选 D。 3. C　 【解析】细节理解题。 根据第七段前两句可知,罗马数字 在罗马时代很重要,因为人们在日常生活中广泛使用它们。 故选 C。 4. B　 【解析】代词指代题。 根据最后一段第一至四句可知,最 后一段中的 they 指的是罗马数字。 故选 B。 Passage 5 【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。 文章介绍了有关动物迁徙的 相关知识。 1. B　 【解析】细节理解题。 根据第一段第三句可知,动物迁徙 是为了寻找更好的生存条件。 故选 B。 2. B　 【解析】细节归纳题。 根据第四段第三至五句可知,动物 们会使用星星、气味和河流来找路。 故选 B。 3. B　 【解析】主题推断题。 文章主要介绍了有关动物迁徙的 相关知识,属于自然范畴。 故选 B。 4. A　 【解析】标题归纳题。 文章主要介绍了有关动物迁徙的 相关知识。 故选 A。 Passage 6 【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。 文章主要介绍了动物牙齿的 用途。 1. D　 【解析】细节理解题。 根据第二段最后两句可知,大象牙 齿的作用是保护自己和后代。 故选 D。 2. D　 【解析】图片理解题。 文章在第二段第二句、第四句以及 第三段第二句分别提到了海象、大象和马,猫未提及。 故选 D。 3. C　 【解析】词义猜测题。 根据画线短语所在句内容可推测 裸鼢鼠在挖土时,它们的牙齿因摩擦会磨损。 故选 C。 4. C　 【解析】文章结构题。 分析文章每一段的段意可知,第① 段引出话题,为第一部分;第②③④段分别讲述了动物牙齿 的不同用途,为第二部分;第⑤段总结全文。 所以文章的结 构是:① / ②③④ / ⑤。 故选 C。 Passage 7 【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。 文章介绍了人们对 DNA 的认 识过程。 1. C　 【解析】开篇方式题。 文章的首句是一个问句。 故选 C。 2. B　 【解析】代词指代题。 根据第二段最后两句可知,画线的 It 就是指上一句提到的 DNA。 故选 B。 3. A　 【解析】推理判断题。 根据文章最后一句可推知,在接下 来的段落中可能会介绍 DNA 将如何被用来帮助人们。 故选 A。 4. C　 【解析】写作意图题。 本文主要介绍了科学家们对 DNA 的认识过程。 故选 C。 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 题型二　 还原型阅读 Passage 1 【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。 主要介绍了改善记忆的方法。 1. C　 【解析】 根据后句 “ We all remember the things we are interested in,and always forget the ones that bore us. ”可知,此 处跟兴趣有关;且根据本段内容可知本段强调兴趣对提升记 忆力的重要性,因此 C 项符合语境。 2. B 　 【解析】 根 据 后 句 “ One way to make yourself more interested is to ask questions􀆺”可知,此处应与对具体某个事 物感兴趣有关。 B 项符合语境。 3. D 　 【解析】 根 据 后 句 “ The following numbers would be impossible for most of us to remember: 􀆺”可知,此处跟记忆 数字有关,D 项符合语境。 4. G　 【解析】根据前两句“ In experiments,people were asked to remember up to 120 words using this way. When they were tested later,they could remember about 90%of them. ”可知,此 处与测试结果有关,G 项符合语境。 5. A　 【解析】根据后句“As we know, too much pressure is very bad for the memory. ”可知,此处与压力有关,“ pressure”与 A 项中的“stress”同义,因此 A 项符合语境。 Passage 2 【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。 主要介绍了适应新环境的四 个建议:自信、对人友善、积极参与小组活动和保持微笑。 1. F　 【解析】根据此空的位置可知,这里需要填一个承上启下 的句子;再联系上下文的内容可知此处与如何适应新环境的 建议有关。 F 项符合语境。 2. E　 【解析】根据后句“When people notice your kindness, they will return it one day. ”可知,此处与友善有关。 E 项符合语 境。 3. A　 【解析】根据后句“ Different activities like playing football can help you to be known to others. ”可知,此处与活动有关,A 项符合语境。 4. G　 【解析】根据空前两句“ Do smile to everyone every day. It makes both you and others feel happy. ” 可知,此处与微笑有 关,G 项符合语境。 5. D　 【解析】根据前句“ If you follow what is mentioned above, you will be accepted by people around you and make new friends soon. ” 可知,此处与新朋友有关,D 项符合语境。 Passage 3 【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。 主要就如何写出好的文章,给 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 14