精品解析：湖南省常德市临澧县第一中学2024-2025学年高二下学期4月期中考试英语试题

2025年上学期高二段考英语试卷 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共5小题：每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What did Ellen do? A. She took a picture. B. She made an album. C. She attended photography courses. 2. Why was the woman late? A. She fell down. B. She overslept. C. She helped a lady. 3. Where does the conversation probably take place? A. In a supermarket. B. In a clothing shop. C. At home. 4. What does the man think of the lecture? A. It was a little easy. B. It was quite difficult. C. It was so boring. 5. What are the speakers talking about? A. A handbag. B. A necklace. C. A dress. 第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第六段材料，回答第6至7题。 6. Who is probably the man? A. A salesman. B. A teacher. C. A repairman. 7. What will the man do on Saturday evening? A. Meet the woman. B. Move house. C. Drive to a repair shop. 听第七段材料，回答第8至10题。 8. Why does the man make the call? A. To book a flight. B. To ask for assistance.3. C. To make a suggestion. 9. What does the woman ask the man to do? A. Fill out a form. B. Get off the plane. C. Give more details. 10. Where probably is the man now? A. In his office. B. At the airport. C. At the police station. 听第八段材料，回答第11至13题。 11. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Fellow workers. B. Boss and employee. C. Salesperson and customer. 12. When will the woman receive the undelivered items? A. This Thursday. B. This Saturday. C. This Sunday. 13 What is the current price for a box of the second item? A. 18 dollars. B. 20 dollars. C. 22 dollars 听第九段材料，回答第14至17题。 14. Where will Keivin go with his wife? A. Australia. B. Thailand. C. New Zealand. 15. What can Kelvin do in the hotel? A. Take exercise. B. Enjoy free meals. C. Perform his own music. 16. What will Kelvin do next? A. Call his wife. B. Check out a travel brochure. C. Book a five-star hotel. 17. How does Kelvin feel about Maggie’s suggestion? A. Doubtful. B. Satisfied. C. Surprised 听第十段材料，回答第18至20题。 18. What is the speaker doing? A. Giving a report. B. Hosting a ceremony. C. Extending an invitation. 19. What can we know about the conference? A. It will last a week. B. Many experts will attend it. C. Its theme hasn’t been decided. 20. Where will the conference be held? A. At a university. B. At the city hall. C. Ata stadium. 第二部分 阅读理解(共两节：满分50分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。 Fixing the Climate: Strategies for an Uncertain World By Charles F. Sabel The climate crisis poses a problem of global action that governments have sought to address through high-level international negotiations. There are arrangements, such as the 2015 Paris Agreement, reductions in emissions and comprehensive plans for meeting those targets. The author argues that these strategies are failing because they provide inadequate opportunities for experimentation. Since the route to successful emissions reduction is uncertain, experimentation, which inspires the emergence of new technologies and approaches is essential. Social Media, Freedom of Speech, and the Future of Our Democracy By Lee C Bollinger The evolution of social media threatens the freedoms of speech. The author concludes that First Amendment Law(第一修正案) can adapt to this new technology as it has to new media in the past. Hate speech and false and misleading information may be legally protected, but placing limitations on the algorithms( 算 法) and artificial intelligence(AI) used to spread such speech would be beneficial and acceptable. In the author’s view, such social platforms controlled by a few companies pose “extraordinary risks” to democracy and a responsible reform in relevant laws, the author concludes, is both possible and necessary. The Great War and the Birth of Modern Medicine By Thomas Helling It is one of the paradoxes of war that the enormous efforts put into harming people often give rise to medical breakthroughs and great progress in the treatment of the wounded. This valuable and thoroughly interesting study, informed by the author’s own experience of military surgery, contributes to the history of both World War I and modern medicine. It was not just new techniques that made the difference but also new medical facilities that were moved closer to the frontlines so that soldiers could be treated as quickly as possible. 1. According to Charles Sabel, why do the strategies to deal with climate crisis fail? A. The crisis of climate is a global problem. B. The solution to reducing emissions is uncertain. C. The strategies don’t allow of enough experimentation. D. The governments show inadequate commitment to the strategies. 2. What does Lee C. Bollinger advocate doing in his book? A. Adapting laws to limit the spread of harmful information. B. Pushing the evolution of social media to remove the threat. C. Putting a ban on the hate speech and misleading information. D. Replacing the algorithms and AI used to protect online speech. 3. Which of the following may Thomas Helling agree with? A. Every coin has two sides. B. A good medicine tastes bitter. C. Time and tide wait for no man. D. False friends are worse than bitter enemies. Takanori Kobayashi, a 23-year-old from Japan, has had a strong connection with Peking Opera since his childhood. His fascination with Chinese history began in his early childhood, influenced by Japanese manga (漫画), especially works like Romance of the Three Kingdoms. These stories made him curious about Chinese culture and led him to search for related videos online. At 14, Kobayashi came across a video of a historical Peking Opera, The Battle of Red Cliffs. Although he didn’t understand the language, he was captivated by the costumes, makeup, and music. At 17, he found a website for the Shincyo Theater, a Peking Opera troupe (巡演) in Tokyo founded by Zhang Chunxiang, a Beijing-born artist, who had moved to Japan in the 1980s and founded the Shincyo Theater to promote Peking Opera in Japan. Kobayashi emailed the theater, sharing with Zhang his passion for Peking Opera, and his desire to join the troupe. Zhang was impressed by his passion. At 18, Kobayashi moved to Tokyo to attend Chuo University, majoring in Chinese language and culture, while attending Zhang’ s Peking Opera classes every Saturday. Zhang teaches his students by explaining the movements of Peking Opera in simple Japanese. Kobayashi, who enjoys playing civil roles, listens to famous performances to learn the music and get a sense of the roles. He works with Zhang to improve his performance. Years of hard work paid off. In 2020, Kobayashi finally got the chance and debuted in a small painted-face role in Wild Boar Forest, one of Shincyo Theater’s productions, which got well-received. After graduation, Kobayashi worked for a company in cosmetics, but he still studies Peking Opera in his free time and occasionally performs with Shincyo Theater. “Becoming a professional Peking Opera performer in Japan is difficult and might not be practical as a long-term career. In China, performers usually start training at four or five, whereas I began close to 20. Even so, I’d still like to pursue it professionally and give it my best shot,” said Kobayashi. 4. What sparked Kobayashi’s initial interest in Chinese history and culture? A. School lessons related to China. B. A visit to the Shincyo Theater. C. Chinese tales told in Japanese comic. D. A video of a historical Peking Opera. 5. Which of the following words can best describe Kobayashi? A. Optimistic and considerate. B. Persistent and diligent. C. Energetic and determined. D. Creative and passionate. 6. What does the underlined word “debuted” in paragraph 4 probably mean? A. Played a leading role. B. Painted a facial makeup. C Performed for the first time. D. Conquered the stage fright. 7. What can be inferred from the last paragraph? A. He has to quit owing to starting late. B. He will keep informed and practise occasionally. C. He is willing to give it a shot despite the difficulties. D. He tries to be a professional Peking Opera performer. After losing an important deal in India, a business negotiator learned that her counterpar (对方) felt as if she had been rushing through the talks. The business negotiator thought she was being efficient with their time. Their cultures have different views on how to conduct negotiations, and in this case the barrier prevented a successful outcome. Research shows that deal-making across cultures tends to lead to worse outcomes as compared with negotiations conducted within the same culture. As we know, cultures are characterized by different behaviors, communication styles and norms (准则). Consequently, when negotiating across cultures, we bring different views to the bargaining table, which in turn may result in potential misunderstandings that can lead to a lower likelihood of discovering value-creating solutions. Cultural conflict in negotiations is linked with the fact that we, at most times, interpret others’ behaviors, values, and beliefs through the lens (透镜) of our own culture. To overcome this, it is important to research the customs and behaviors of different cultures as well as understand why people follow these customs and exhibit these behaviors in the first place. Just as important, not only do countries have unique cultures, but teams do too. Before partaking in any negotiation, take the time to study the context and the person on the other side of the bargaining table, including the various cultures to which he belongs, whether the culture of engineering or his particular company’ s culture. The more you know about the client, the better off you’ll do in any negotiation. Therefore, the negotiator has learned her Indian counterpart will appreciate a slower pace with more opportunities for relationship building. She seems to have run into the issue: Using time efficiently in the course of negotiations is generally valued in the United States, but in India, there’s often a greater focus on building relationships early in the process. By doing research on the clients’ cultures, they can adjust their negotiation method and give themselves a better chance of creating a valuable negotiation experience for both themselves and their counterpart. 8. What led to the woman’s failure in negotiation with her Indian counterpart? A. Lack of preparation for time management. B. The cultural gap between counterparts. C. Her inefficient ability to communicate. D. Conflicts of interest in business strategies. 9. According to the research, why do cross-cultural negotiations often have worse outcomes? A. They require more time to reach agreements. B. Cultural conflicts increase financial costs. C. Negotiators tend to avoid direct communication. D. Cultural misunderstandings are to blame. 10. What does the author mainly want to say in Paragraph 4? A. Meeting culture shock is fairly common. B. People should respect cultural differences. C. Culture research is vital before negotiating. D. Cross-culture conflicts result from ignorance. 11. What is the function of the last paragraph? A. To draw a regrettable conclusion. B. To summarize the mentioned negotiation case. C. To share a distinctive opinion on the case. D. To propose an efficient negotiation method. Many people count on faster, cheaper and better technology to offer a vision of a brighter future. Nevertheless, as the 2020s dawn, optimism is in short supply. The new technologies that dominated the past decade seem to be making matters worse. Social media, intended to connect people, are infamous for privacy leaks. Convenient E-commerce and online ride-hailing are charged with underpaying workers and blocking the streets with vehicles. Today’s pessimistic mood targets smart phones and social media, which took off a decade ago. Yet concerns that particular technologies might be doing more harm than good have arisen before. The 1920s witnessed a criticism of cars, once regarded as solutions to horse-drawn vehicles issues like noise, waste, and accidents. And industrialization was criticized in the 19th century by Romantics who worried about the replacement of skilled workers, the robbing of the countryside and the suffering of factory hands. However, that pessimism can be overdone. Too often people focus on the drawbacks of a new technology while taking its benefits for granted. Worries about screen time should be weighed against the much more substantial benefits of instant communication and information access that smartphones make possible. A further danger is that Luddites’ (卢德分子) efforts to avoid the short-term costs associated with a new technology will end up denying access to its long-term benefits — something Carl Benedikt Frey, an Oxford academic, calls a “technology trap”. Fears that robots will steal people’s jobs may discourage their use. Yet in the long run countries that wish to maintain their living standard as their workforce ages and decreases will need more robots, not fewer. Any powerful technology can be used for good or ill. It is the choices people make about it that shape the world. Perhaps the real source of anxiety is not technology itself, but growing doubts about the ability of societies to hold this debate, and come up with good answers. So as the decade turns, put aside the pessimism for a moment. To be alive in the tech-fascinated 2020s is to be among the luckiest people who have ever lived. 12. According to paragraph 1, which may be a problem caused by new technologies? A. Identity theft. B. Network viruses. C. Network addiction. D. A troll or cyberbully. 13. What is the criticism of cars in the 1920s mentioned in order to demonstrate? A. Every technological advancement faces initial rejection. B. Past technologies are more harmful than modern ones. C. Current technological pessimism has existed for so long. D. Environmental concerns always drive technological debates. 14. What might be a result of a “technology trap”? A. An interruption to the technology advancement. B. An instant access to information and entertainment. C. A lack of good employment in the job market. D. A decrease in the number of underpaid workers. 15. Which is the best title of the passage? A Technology Optimism vs. Pessimism: Neither Can Win. B. Beyond Technological Pessimism: Society’s Choices Matter. C. The Technology Trap: An Unavoidable Dilemma. D. The Double-Edged Sword of Innovation: Never Use It. 第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 As a basic human need, food connects people worldwide while showing unique cultural values. ___16___ Food, in the form of recipes, is passed on from one generation to another, both expressing identity and maintaining links ancestrally, geographically, and even emotionally. What we eat reveals our roots. Families pass down recipes like treasures, keeping traditions alive. The traditional meals of a place touch on identity and ancestry. ___17___ These habits show how geography shapes diets. In Singapore, many families cook special dishes during festivals to remember their history. ___18___ Just as Japanese tea ceremonies build friendship, sharing meals creates cross-cultural bonds. Mixed communities often mix food styles, like adding spices to traditional dishes. This explains why tasting local food tops travelers’ to-do lists — it opens doors to meaningful interactions with locals. Familiar tastes instantly transport us home. Migrants cook childhood dishes to fight loneliness abroad, proving food’s power to comfort. Shared meals express love worldwide, whether through a mother’s homemade soup or friends gathering around a hotpot. ___19___ From family kitchens to international restaurants, food carries cultural stories. Its power to both unite people and protect traditions makes it special. Food and food habits serve as a cultural channel of display of affection and emotional association, meanwhile, sharing delicious and nutritious food undoubtedly signals a bridge of closeness or acceptance. ___20___ A. Eating habits are hard to change once formed. B. It has many key roles in human life beyond basic nutrition. C. By valuing food cultures, we build more inclusive societies. D. Such moments turn simple eating into emotional connections. E. Food traditions, however, sometimes require careful protection. F. Furthermore, exploring local cuisine helps travelers understand new cultures. G. For example, coastal people eat fish daily while mountain villages often use more grains. 第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节 完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。 Marco Polo, the man who brought China to Europe, came from a family of merchants. When he was a small child, his father Niccolò and uncle Maffeo already had some ___21___ travel experiences. They left Venice in 1261 to explore the East, where they met Kublai Khan (忽必烈). Their meeting was one of the greatest ___22___ between the East and West in history. The relationship they built with the Mongols made them ___23___, through whom knowledge of Europe and China started to travel in both directions. After returning to Venice, the brothers planned another journey to China. This time, they brought Marco. In 1271, they ___24___. After three and a half years of traveling through Central Asia, the Polos eventually reached their ___25___. Marco, then aged 21, became one of the few to be received by Kublai Khan. During their 17 years of stay in China, Marco was sent on many journeys around the country and its ___26___ lands. In 1295 after ___27___ numerous hardships, they returned home. Marco’ s ___28___ of his journey, called The Travels of Marco Polo, became a best-seller due to its new ___29___ into a distant part of the world. The information Marco ___30___ offered readers fantastic details about the ___31___ places. The book also ___32___ practical information which ___33___ to merchants who were interested in international trade. The improvement of maps of East Asia motivated navigation from west to east and ___34___ trade relations. Henceforth, cooperation and trade between the East and West began to ___35___. 21. A. conventional B. romantic C. frustrating D. remarkable 22. A. modes B. experiments C. appointments D. encounters 23. A. leaders B. pioneers C. advisors D. experts 24. A. set up B. came down C. set sail D. came about 25. A. boundary B. destination C. homeland D. territory 26. A. surrounding B. religious C. agricultural D. overseas 27. A. assessing B. overcoming C. resisting D. witnessing 28. A. assumption B. expectation C. account D. outlook 29. A. passion B. insight C. intention D. conclusion 30. A. predicted B. generated C. inferred D. revealed 31. A. domestic B. remote C. urban D. deserted 32. A. presented B. represented C. transformed D. evaluated 33. A. appealed B. related C. contributed D. applied 34. A. defended B. indicated C. strengthened D. prohibited 35. A. integrate B. boom C. exist D. fade 第二节 语法填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 BEIJING — China’ s film industry set a new milestone during the 2025 Spring Festival holiday, ___36___ its box office earnings from Jan 29 to Feb 1 reaching a record 5.75 billion yuan, going beyond the previous high of 5.73 billion yuan set in 2021. The figure marks the highest-earning Spring Festival period in the nation’s cinema history and ___37___ (establish) China’s position as a global leader in total box office for 2025 to date, overtaking North America. Leading the pack was the animated fantasy “Ne Zha 2,” ___38___ earned over 2.3 billion yuan in just four days, according to the data ___39___ (publishing) by the box office tracker Beacon. The follow-up to the 2019 hit “Ne zha” is said ___40___ (feature) its impressive visuals and ___41___ (engage) storyline, earning an 8.6 rating on Douban, a popular Chinese film review platform. It encourages people to stay brave when facing difficulties, fight for ___42___ is right, and value friendship. The film saw broad appeal for its perfect mix of cultural elements, exciting storytelling, ___43___ positive messages. Chen Jin, ___44___ analyst from Beacon, expressed his hope that this year’s Spring Festival box office would not only set a new record but also deliver outstanding audience satisfaction. “The strong performance of such films lays a solid _____45_____ (found) for the steady growth of China’s film market in 2025.” 第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节 应用文写作(满分15分) 46. 假如你是李华，本学期你校英文报新增了“Great Minds”栏目，介绍西方优秀科学家。请你给栏目编辑写一封邮件，内容包括： (1)表达看法; (2)你建议。 注意：1. 词数80左右; 2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Dear Sir or Madam, _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 第二节 读后续写(满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 In that peaceful seaside town, the sunlight was sprinkled on the scattered and orderly houses, and the sea breeze gently blew the palm trees on the street. Tom, a 17-year-old boy, lived in this place of the ocean atmosphere. Since he was a child, he had been fascinated by the boundless sea. Tom’s father was a determined fisherman who had been with the sea all year round. Every time his father returned from a sea voyage, he would tell him the adventures at sea. These stories were like magic seeds, planting a deep love for the sea in Tom’s heart. The small sailboat named “Seagull” in Tom’s family carried countless childhood memories of his. Every scratch on the weathered boat recorded the adventure time they spent together. One morning, as the sun was just peeking over the horizon, Tom received an invitation. It was from the local sailing club, inviting him to participate in a challenging long-distance sailing race that would take place in two weeks. The race promised not only a handsome trophy (奖杯) but also a scholarship to a top maritime (海事的) academy, which could help him achieve his dream of becoming a professional sailor. At first, Tom was overjoyed. His eyes sparkled with excitement as he imagined himself driving his Seagull through the waves with grace and finally across the finish line. However, as the day progressed, doubts began to creep into his mind. He remembered the last time when he participated in a similar race, strong wind howled and the Seagull shook violently in the waves. Although he managed to complete the race, the fear of that frightening moment still lingered. That night, Tom lay in bed, listening to the gentle lapping of the waves against the shore. He tossed and turned, with the vision of victory and the fear of the storm flashing in his mind. On one hand, he imagined himself standing on the podium (领奖台), accepting the cheers from the crowd. On the other hand, the memory of the storm and the fear of facing another dangerous situation made his heart tighten suddenly. 注意： 1. 所续写短文的词数应为150左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Paragraph 1: The next day, Tom went down to the harbor where the Seagull was docked. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph 2: Finally, the day of the race arrived. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2025年上学期高二段考英语试卷 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共5小题：每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What did Ellen do? A. She took a picture. B. She made an album. C. She attended photography courses. 2. Why was the woman late? A. She fell down. B. She overslept. C. She helped a lady. 3. Where does the conversation probably take place? A. In a supermarket. B. In a clothing shop. C. At home. 4. What does the man think of the lecture? A. It was a little easy. B. It was quite difficult. C. It was so boring. 5. What are the speakers talking about? A. A handbag. B. A necklace. C. A dress. 第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第六段材料，回答第6至7题。 6. Who is probably the man? A. A salesman. B. A teacher. C. A repairman. 7. What will the man do on Saturday evening? A. Meet the woman. B. Move house. C. Drive to a repair shop. 听第七段材料，回答第8至10题。 8. Why does the man make the call? A. To book a flight. B. To ask for assistance.3. C. To make a suggestion. 9. What does the woman ask the man to do? A. Fill out a form. B. Get off the plane. C. Give more details. 10. Where probably is the man now? A. In his office. B. At the airport. C. At the police station. 听第八段材料，回答第11至13题。 11. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Fellow workers. B. Boss and employee. C. Salesperson and customer. 12. When will the woman receive the undelivered items? A. This Thursday. B. This Saturday. C. This Sunday. 13. What is the current price for a box of the second item? A. 18 dollars. B. 20 dollars. C. 22 dollars 听第九段材料，回答第14至17题。 14. Where will Keivin go with his wife? A. Australia. B. Thailand. C. New Zealand. 15. What can Kelvin do in the hotel? A. Take exercise. B. Enjoy free meals. C. Perform his own music. 16. What will Kelvin do next? A. Call his wife. B. Check out a travel brochure. C. Book a five-star hotel. 17. How does Kelvin feel about Maggie’s suggestion? A. Doubtful. B. Satisfied. C. Surprised 听第十段材料，回答第18至20题。 18. What is the speaker doing? A. Giving a report. B. Hosting a ceremony. C. Extending an invitation. 19 What can we know about the conference? A. It will last a week. B. Many experts will attend it. C. Its theme hasn’t been decided. 20. Where will the conference be held? A. At a university. B. At the city hall. C. Ata stadium. 第二部分 阅读理解(共两节：满分50分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。 Fixing the Climate: Strategies for an Uncertain World By Charles F. Sabel The climate crisis poses a problem of global action that governments have sought to address through high-level international negotiations. There are arrangements, such as the 2015 Paris Agreement, reductions in emissions and comprehensive plans for meeting those targets. The author argues that these strategies are failing because they provide inadequate opportunities for experimentation. Since the route to successful emissions reduction is uncertain, experimentation, which inspires the emergence of new technologies and approaches is essential. Social Media, Freedom of Speech, and the Future of Our Democracy By Lee C. Bollinger The evolution of social media threatens the freedoms of speech. The author concludes that First Amendment Law(第一修正案) can adapt to this new technology as it has to new media in the past. Hate speech and false and misleading information may be legally protected, but placing limitations on the algorithms( 算 法) and artificial intelligence(AI) used to spread such speech would be beneficial and acceptable. In the author’s view, such social platforms controlled by a few companies pose “extraordinary risks” to democracy and a responsible reform in relevant laws, the author concludes, is both possible and necessary. The Great War and the Birth of Modern Medicine By Thomas Helling It is one of the paradoxes of war that the enormous efforts put into harming people often give rise to medical breakthroughs and great progress in the treatment of the wounded. This valuable and thoroughly interesting study, informed by the author’s own experience of military surgery, contributes to the history of both World War I and modern medicine. It was not just new techniques that made the difference but also new medical facilities that were moved closer to the frontlines so that soldiers could be treated as quickly as possible. 1. According to Charles Sabel, why do the strategies to deal with climate crisis fail? A. The crisis of climate is a global problem. B. The solution to reducing emissions is uncertain. C. The strategies don’t allow of enough experimentation. D. The governments show inadequate commitment to the strategies. 2. What does Lee C. Bollinger advocate doing in his book? A. Adapting laws to limit the spread of harmful information. B. Pushing the evolution of social media to remove the threat. C. Putting a ban on the hate speech and misleading information. D. Replacing the algorithms and AI used to protect online speech. 3. Which of the following may Thomas Helling agree with? A. Every coin has two sides. B. A good medicine tastes bitter. C. Time and tide wait for no man. D. False friends are worse than bitter enemies. 【答案】1. C 2. A 3. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍的是关于应对气候危机、社交网络言论自由及战争对现代医学影响的不同观点与策略。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一部分“The author argues that these strategies are failing because they provide inadequate opportunities for experimentation.(作者认为这些策略之所以失败，是因为它们没有提供足够的实验机会)”可知，作者认为应对气候危机的策略失败的原因是缺乏足够的实验机会。故选C。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二部分“Hate speech and false and misleading information may be legally protected, but placing limitations on the algorithms( 算 法) and artificial intelligence(AI) used to spread such speech would be beneficial and acceptable.(仇恨言论和虚假误导信息可能受到法律保护，但对用于传播此类言论的算法和人工智能进行限制将是有益且可接受的)”可知，作者主张通过法律限制有害信息的传播。故选A。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三部分“It is one of the paradoxes of war that the enormous efforts put into harming people often give rise to medical breakthroughs and great progress in the treatment of the wounded.(战争的一个悖论是，投入大量精力伤害他人的同时，往往也会带来医学上的突破和伤员治疗方面的巨大进步。）可知，作者认为战争具有两面性，既有破坏性，也有推动医学进步的积极一面。故选A。 Takanori Kobayashi, a 23-year-old from Japan, has had a strong connection with Peking Opera since his childhood. His fascination with Chinese history began in his early childhood, influenced by Japanese manga (漫画), especially works like Romance of the Three Kingdoms. These stories made him curious about Chinese culture and led him to search for related videos online. At 14, Kobayashi came across a video of a historical Peking Opera, The Battle of Red Cliffs. Although he didn’t understand the language, he was captivated by the costumes, makeup, and music. At 17, he found a website for the Shincyo Theater, a Peking Opera troupe (巡演) in Tokyo founded by Zhang Chunxiang, a Beijing-born artist, who had moved to Japan in the 1980s and founded the Shincyo Theater to promote Peking Opera in Japan. Kobayashi emailed the theater, sharing with Zhang his passion for Peking Opera, and his desire to join the troupe. Zhang was impressed by his passion. At 18, Kobayashi moved to Tokyo to attend Chuo University, majoring in Chinese language and culture, while attending Zhang’ s Peking Opera classes every Saturday. Zhang teaches his students by explaining the movements of Peking Opera in simple Japanese. Kobayashi, who enjoys playing civil roles, listens to famous performances to learn the music and get a sense of the roles. He works with Zhang to improve his performance. Years of hard work paid off. In 2020, Kobayashi finally got the chance and debuted in a small painted-face role in Wild Boar Forest, one of Shincyo Theater’s productions, which got well-received. After graduation, Kobayashi worked for a company in cosmetics, but he still studies Peking Opera in his free time and occasionally performs with Shincyo Theater. “Becoming a professional Peking Opera performer in Japan is difficult and might not be practical as a long-term career. In China, performers usually start training at four or five, whereas I began close to 20. Even so, I’d still like to pursue it professionally and give it my best shot,” said Kobayashi. 4. What sparked Kobayashi’s initial interest in Chinese history and culture? A. School lessons related to China. B. A visit to the Shincyo Theater. C. Chinese tales told in Japanese comic. D. A video of a historical Peking Opera. 5. Which of the following words can best describe Kobayashi? A. Optimistic and considerate. B. Persistent and diligent. C. Energetic and determined. D. Creative and passionate. 6. What does the underlined word “debuted” in paragraph 4 probably mean? A. Played a leading role. B. Painted a facial makeup. C. Performed for the first time. D. Conquered the stage fright. 7. What can be inferred from the last paragraph? A. He has to quit owing to starting late. B. He will keep informed and practise occasionally. C. He is willing to give it a shot despite the difficulties. D. He tries to be a professional Peking Opera performer. 【答案】4. C 5. B 6. C 7. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述日本青年小林崇德Takanori Kobayashi崇德热爱京剧，克服困难坚持学习并追求专业表演的故事。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“His fascination with Chinese history began in his early childhood, influenced by Japanese manga (漫画), especially works like Romance of the Three Kingdoms. (他对中国历史的迷恋始于童年，受到日本漫画的影响，尤其是《三国演义》等作品。)”可知，用日本漫画讲述的中国故事激发了小林最初对中国历史和文化的兴趣。故选C。 【5题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段“At 18, Kobayashi moved to Tokyo to attend Chuo University, majoring in Chinese language and culture, while attending Zhang’ s Peking Opera classes every Saturday. (18岁时，小林搬到东京中央大学就读，主修中国语言和文化，同时每周六参加张的京剧课。)”和第四段中“Years of hard work paid off.(多年的辛勤工作得到了回报)”可知，小林自18岁时开始主修中国语言和文化，并每周六参加张的京剧课，并坚持了很多年，这体现了他坚持不懈，勤奋的性格特指。故选B。 【6题详解】 词义猜测题。根据第四段“Kobayashi finally got the chance (小林终于得到了机会)”及“in a small painted-face role in Wild Boar Forest, one of Shincyo Theater’s productions, which got well-received. (在新桥剧团的作品《野猪森林》中扮演了一个画着脸的小角色，受到了好评。)”可知，小林终于得到机会，扮演了其中一个角色，由此推断，划线单词的含义是“第一次演出，首演”。故选C。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“In China, performers usually start training at four or five, whereas I began close to 20. Even so, I’d still like to pursue it professionally and give it my best shot,” said Kobayashi. (在中国，演员通常在四五岁开始训练，而我是在20岁左右开始训练的。即便如此，我仍然想以职业的方式追求它，尽我最大的努力。)”可知，虽然小林开始学京剧的时间较晚，但尽管困难重重，他仍然愿意再次尝试。故选C。 After losing an important deal in India, a business negotiator learned that her counterpar (对方) felt as if she had been rushing through the talks. The business negotiator thought she was being efficient with their time. Their cultures have different views on how to conduct negotiations, and in this case the barrier prevented a successful outcome. Research shows that deal-making across cultures tends to lead to worse outcomes as compared with negotiations conducted within the same culture. As we know, cultures are characterized by different behaviors, communication styles and norms (准则). Consequently, when negotiating across cultures, we bring different views to the bargaining table, which in turn may result in potential misunderstandings that can lead to a lower likelihood of discovering value-creating solutions. Cultural conflict in negotiations is linked with the fact that we, at most times, interpret others’ behaviors, values, and beliefs through the lens (透镜) of our own culture. To overcome this, it is important to research the customs and behaviors of different cultures as well as understand why people follow these customs and exhibit these behaviors in the first place. Just as important, not only do countries have unique cultures, but teams do too. Before partaking in any negotiation, take the time to study the context and the person on the other side of the bargaining table, including the various cultures to which he belongs, whether the culture of engineering or his particular company’ s culture. The more you know about the client, the better off you’ll do in any negotiation. Therefore, the negotiator has learned her Indian counterpart will appreciate a slower pace with more opportunities for relationship building. She seems to have run into the issue: Using time efficiently in the course of negotiations is generally valued in the United States, but in India, there’s often a greater focus on building relationships early in the process. By doing research on the clients’ cultures, they can adjust their negotiation method and give themselves a better chance of creating a valuable negotiation experience for both themselves and their counterpart. 8. What led to the woman’s failure in negotiation with her Indian counterpart? A. Lack of preparation for time management. B. The cultural gap between counterparts. C. Her inefficient ability to communicate. D. Conflicts of interest in business strategies. 9. According to the research why do cross-cultural negotiations often have worse outcomes? A. They require more time to reach agreements. B. Cultural conflicts increase financial costs. C. Negotiators tend to avoid direct communication. D. Cultural misunderstandings are to blame. 10. What does the author mainly want to say in Paragraph 4? A. Meeting culture shock is fairly common. B. People should respect cultural differences. C. Culture research is vital before negotiating. D. Cross-culture conflicts result from ignorance. 11. What is the function of the last paragraph? A. To draw a regrettable conclusion. B. To summarize the mentioned negotiation case. C. To share a distinctive opinion on the case. D. To propose an efficient negotiation method. 【答案】8. B 9. D 10. C 11. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如何通过了解不同的文化来应对文化冲突，从而在跨文化谈判中达成合作。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“Their cultures have different views on how to conduct negotiations, and in this case the barrier prevented a successful outcome. (他们的文化对如何进行谈判有不同的看法，在这种情况下，这种障碍阻碍了成功的结果)”可知，双方的文化差异导致了生意谈判失败。故选B项。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。 根据第二段“Research shows that deal-making across cultures tends to lead to worse outcomes as compared with negotiations conducted within the same culture. As we know, cultures are characterized by different behaviors, communication styles and norms(准则). Consequently, when negotiating across cultures, we bring different views to the bargaining table, which in turn may result in potential misunderstandings that can lead to a lower likelihood of discovering value-creating solutions.”（研究表明，与同文化内的谈判相比，跨文化谈判往往会导致更糟糕的结果。众所周知，文化以不同的行为、沟通风格和准则为特征。因此，在跨文化谈判中，我们会将不同的观点带到谈判桌上，这反过来可能导致潜在的误解，从而降低发现价值创造解决方案的可能性。）可知，跨文化谈判结果不佳的原因是文化误解。故选D。 【10题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段“Before partaking in any negotiation, take the time to study the context and the person on the other side of the bargaining table, including the various cultures to which he belongs, whether the culture of engineering or his particular company’ s culture. The more you know about the client, the better off you’ll do in any negotiation. (在参加任何谈判之前，花点时间研究背景和谈判桌上的对方，包括他所属的各种文化，无论是他的文化、工程文化，还是他所在公司的企业文化。你对客户了解得越多，你在谈判中就越有利)”可推知，作者在该段想要表达的是在谈判前进行调查研究很有必要，对对方的文化越了解，越有利于谈判的进行。故选C项。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。通读全文可知，第一段给出跨文化谈判失败的案例，第二、三、四段从该案例出发，分析了跨文化谈判往往会失败背后深层次的文化原因，以及解决这种跨文化问题的方法，最后一段回到案例本身，结合上文的原因和方法，给案例中的人提供了具体的建议。由此推知，最后一段的作用是总结提到的谈判案例。故选B项。 Many people count on faster, cheaper and better technology to offer a vision of a brighter future. Nevertheless, as the 2020s dawn, optimism is in short supply. The new technologies that dominated the past decade seem to be making matters worse. Social media, intended to connect people, are infamous for privacy leaks. Convenient E-commerce and online ride-hailing are charged with underpaying workers and blocking the streets with vehicles. Today’s pessimistic mood targets smart phones and social media, which took off a decade ago. Yet concerns that particular technologies might be doing more harm than good have arisen before. The 1920s witnessed a criticism of cars, once regarded as solutions to horse-drawn vehicles issues like noise, waste, and accidents. And industrialization was criticized in the 19th century by Romantics who worried about the replacement of skilled workers, the robbing of the countryside and the suffering of factory hands. However, that pessimism can be overdone. Too often people focus on the drawbacks of a new technology while taking its benefits for granted. Worries about screen time should be weighed against the much more substantial benefits of instant communication and information access that smartphones make possible. A further danger is that Luddites’ (卢德分子) efforts to avoid the short-term costs associated with a new technology will end up denying access to its long-term benefits — something Carl Benedikt Frey, an Oxford academic, calls a “technology trap”. Fears that robots will steal people’s jobs may discourage their use. Yet in the long run countries that wish to maintain their living standard as their workforce ages and decreases will need more robots, not fewer. Any powerful technology can be used for good or ill. It is the choices people make about it that shape the world. Perhaps the real source of anxiety is not technology itself, but growing doubts about the ability of societies to hold this debate, and come up with good answers. So as the decade turns, put aside the pessimism for a moment. To be alive in the tech-fascinated 2020s is to be among the luckiest people who have ever lived. 12. According to paragraph 1, which may be a problem caused by new technologies? A. Identity theft. B. Network viruses. C. Network addiction. D. A troll or cyberbully. 13. What is the criticism of cars in the 1920s mentioned in order to demonstrate? A. Every technological advancement faces initial rejection. B Past technologies are more harmful than modern ones. C. Current technological pessimism has existed for so long. D. Environmental concerns always drive technological debates. 14. What might be a result of a “technology trap”? A. An interruption to the technology advancement. B. An instant access to information and entertainment. C. A lack of good employment in the job market. D. A decrease in the number of underpaid workers. 15. Which is the best title of the passage? A. Technology Optimism vs. Pessimism: Neither Can Win. B. Beyond Technological Pessimism: Society’s Choices Matter. C. The Technology Trap: An Unavoidable Dilemma. D. The Double-Edged Sword of Innovation: Never Use It. 【答案】12. A 13. C 14. A 15. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇议论文，文章整体讨论了人们对新技术的悲观情绪，并指出这种情绪可能过度，强调社会对技术的选择才是塑造未来的关键。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“Social media, intended to connect people, are infamous for privacy leaks.(社交媒体本意是连接人们，却因隐私泄露而臭名昭著)”可知，新技术的负面影响之一是隐私泄露，即身份盗用。故选A。 【13题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Yet concerns that particular technologies might be doing more harm than good have arisen before. The 1920s witnessed a criticism of cars, once regarded as solutions to horse-drawn vehicles issues like noise, waste, and accidents.(然而，对特定技术可能弊大于利的担忧以前就出现过。20世纪20年代见证了对汽车的批评，汽车曾被认为是解决马车噪音、浪费和事故等问题的办法。)”可知，作者提到汽车的例子是为了说明当前对技术的悲观情绪并非新现象，而是长期存在的。故选C。 【14题详解】 推理判断题。 根据文章第三段“A further danger is that Luddites’ (卢德分子) efforts to avoid the short-term costs associated with a new technology will end up denying access to its long-term benefits — something Carl Benedikt Frey, an Oxford academic, calls a “technology trap”. Fears that robots will steal people’s jobs may discourage their use.(更进一步的危险是，卢德分子为了避免新技术带来的短期成本而做出的努力，最终将导致无法获得其长期利益——牛津大学学者卡尔•本尼迪克特•弗雷称之为“技术陷阱”。人们担心机器人会抢走人们的工作，这可能会阻碍机器人的使用)”可知，技术陷阱可能导致技术进步的中断。故选A。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。根据文章最后一段“Any powerful technology can be used for good or ill. It is the choices people make about it that shape the world. Perhaps the real source of anxiety is not technology itself, but growing doubts about the ability of societies to hold this debate, and come up with good answers. So as the decade turns, put aside the pessimism for a moment. To be alive in the tech-fascinated 2020s is to be among the luckiest people who have ever lived.(任何强大的技术都可以用来做好事，也可以用来做坏事。是人们做出的选择塑造了世界。也许焦虑的真正来源不是技术本身，而是越来越多的人怀疑社会是否有能力进行这场辩论，并拿出好的答案。因此，随着这十年的到来，暂时把悲观情绪放在一边。生活在对科技着迷的21世纪20年代，是有史以来最幸运的人之一)”可知，文章整体讨论了人们对新技术的悲观情绪，并指出这种情绪可能过度，强调社会对技术的选择才是塑造未来的关键。选项B（超越技术悲观主义：社会的选择至关重要）最符合文章主旨，故选B。 第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 As a basic human need, food connects people worldwide while showing unique cultural values. ___16___ Food, in the form of recipes, is passed on from one generation to another, both expressing identity and maintaining links ancestrally, geographically, and even emotionally. What we eat reveals our roots. Families pass down recipes like treasures, keeping traditions alive. The traditional meals of a place touch on identity and ancestry. ___17___ These habits show how geography shapes diets. In Singapore, many families cook special dishes during festivals to remember their history. ___18___ Just as Japanese tea ceremonies build friendship, sharing meals creates cross-cultural bonds. Mixed communities often mix food styles, like adding spices to traditional dishes. This explains why tasting local food tops travelers’ to-do lists — it opens doors to meaningful interactions with locals. Familiar tastes instantly transport us home. Migrants cook childhood dishes to fight loneliness abroad, proving food’s power to comfort. Shared meals express love worldwide, whether through a mother’s homemade soup or friends gathering around a hotpot. ___19___ From family kitchens to international restaurants, food carries cultural stories. Its power to both unite people and protect traditions makes it special. Food and food habits serve as a cultural channel of display of affection and emotional association, meanwhile, sharing delicious and nutritious food undoubtedly signals a bridge of closeness or acceptance. ___20___ A. Eating habits are hard to change once formed. B. It has many key roles in human life beyond basic nutrition. C. By valuing food cultures, we build more inclusive societies. D. Such moments turn simple eating into emotional connections. E. Food traditions, however, sometimes require careful protection. F. Furthermore, exploring local cuisine helps travelers understand new cultures. G. For example, coastal people eat fish daily while mountain villages often use more grains. 【答案】16. B 17. G 18. F 19. D 20. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了食物作为人类的基本需求，除了基本的营养作用外，在全球范围内连接着人们，并展现了独特的文化价值。 【16题详解】 根据上文“As a basic human need, food connects people worldwide while showing unique cultural values.(作为人类的基本需求，食物在全球范围内连接着人们，并展现了独特的文化价值。)”可知，食物除了基本的营养作用外，还有其他的价值。B选项(它在人类生活中除了基本营养外还有许多关键作用。)符合语境。故选B项。 【17题详解】 根据上文“The traditional meals of a place touch on identity and ancestry.(一个地方的传统饮食涉及到身份和祖先。)”可知，传统饮食与身份和祖先有关，下文应进一步解释这一观点。G选项(例如，沿海地区的人每天吃鱼，而山村则经常使用更多的谷物。)通过举例说明了饮食习惯与地理位置的关系，进一步解释了上文提到的传统饮食与身份和祖先的联系。故选G项。 【18题详解】 根据下文“Just as Japanese tea ceremonies build friendship, sharing meals creates cross-cultural bonds.(就像日本的茶道能建立友谊一样，共享食物能创造跨文化的联系。)”可知，本段讲述的是共享食物能创造跨文化的联系。F选项(此外，探索当地美食有助于旅行者了解新文化。)与下文相呼应，进一步说明了共享食物在跨文化交流中的作用。故选F项。 【19题详解】 根据上文“Migrants cook childhood dishes to fight loneliness abroad, proving food’s power to comfort. Shared meals express love worldwide, whether through a mother’s homemade soup or friends gathering around a hotpot.(移民在国外烹饪童年的菜肴来对抗孤独，这证明了食物安慰人心的力量。无论是通过母亲做的家常汤还是朋友们围坐在火锅旁，共享食物在全球都表达着爱。)”可知，本段讲述的是共享食物在表达情感方面的作用。D选项(这样的时刻将简单的进食变成了情感的连接。)总结了上文提到的共享食物在表达情感方面的作用，承接上文。故选D项。 【20题详解】 根据上文“Food and food habits serve as a cultural channel of display of affection and emotional association, meanwhile, sharing delicious and nutritious food undoubtedly signals a bridge of closeness or acceptance.(食物和饮食习惯是表达情感和情感联系的文化渠道，同时，分享美味和营养的食物无疑象征着亲密或接受的桥梁。)”可知，本段讲述的是食物和饮食习惯在文化交流中的作用。C选项(通过珍视食物文化，我们建立了更加包容的社会。)总结了上文提到的食物和饮食习惯在文化交流中的积极作用，并强调了珍视食物文化对于建立包容社会的重要性。故选C项。 第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节 完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。 Marco Polo, the man who brought China to Europe, came from a family of merchants. When he was a small child, his father Niccolò and uncle Maffeo already had some ___21___ travel experiences. They left Venice in 1261 to explore the East, where they met Kublai Khan (忽必烈). Their meeting was one of the greatest ___22___ between the East and West in history. The relationship they built with the Mongols made them ___23___, through whom knowledge of Europe and China started to travel in both directions. After returning to Venice, the brothers planned another journey to China. This time, they brought Marco. In 1271, they ___24___. After three and a half years of traveling through Central Asia, the Polos eventually reached their ___25___. Marco, then aged 21, became one of the few to be received by Kublai Khan. During their 17 years of stay in China, Marco was sent on many journeys around the country and its ___26___ lands. In 1295 after ___27___ numerous hardships, they returned home. Marco’ s ___28___ of his journey, called The Travels of Marco Polo, became a best-seller due to its new ___29___ into a distant part of the world. The information Marco ___30___ offered readers fantastic details about the ___31___ places. The book also ___32___ practical information which ___33___ to merchants who were interested in international trade. The improvement of maps of East Asia motivated navigation from west to east and ___34___ trade relations. Henceforth, cooperation and trade between the East and West began to ___35___. 21. A. conventional B. romantic C. frustrating D. remarkable 22. A. modes B. experiments C. appointments D. encounters 23. A. leaders B. pioneers C. advisors D. experts 24. A. set up B. came down C. set sail D. came about 25. A. boundary B. destination C. homeland D. territory 26. A. surrounding B. religious C. agricultural D. overseas 27. A. assessing B. overcoming C. resisting D. witnessing 28. A. assumption B. expectation C. account D. outlook 29. A. passion B. insight C. intention D. conclusion 30. A. predicted B. generated C. inferred D. revealed 31. A. domestic B. remote C. urban D. deserted 32. A. presented B. represented C. transformed D. evaluated 33. A. appealed B. related C. contributed D. applied 34. A. defended B. indicated C. strengthened D. prohibited 35. A. integrate B. boom C. exist D. fade 【答案】21. D 22. D 23. B 24. C 25. B 26. A 27. B 28. C 29. B 30. D 31. B 32. A 33. A 34. C 35. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了马可波罗去中国的游历经过以及他的《马可波罗游记》的影响。 【21题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当他还是个小孩子的时候，他的父亲Niccolò和叔叔Maffeo已经有了一些非凡的旅行经历。A. conventional传统的；B. romantic浪漫的；C. frustrating令人沮丧的；D. remarkable非凡的。根据后文“They left Venice in 1261 to explore the East, where they met Kublai Khan.(他们于1261年离开威尼斯去探索东方，在那里他们遇到了忽必烈)”指他们有了一些非凡的旅行经历。故选D。 【22题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们的相遇是东西方历史上最伟大的相遇之一。A. modes模式；B. experiments实验；C. appointments约定；D. encounters遇见。根据上文“where they met Kublai Khan”指他们的相遇是东西方历史上最伟大的相遇之一。故选D。 【23题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们与蒙古人建立的关系使他们成为先驱者，通过他们，欧洲和中国的知识开始双向传播。A. leaders领导；B. pioneers先驱者；C. advisors顾问；D. experts专家。根据后文“through whom knowledge of Europe and China started to travel in both directions.”可知，通过他们，欧洲和中国的知识开始双向传播，所以他们是先驱者。故选B。 【24题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：1271年，他们起航了。A. set up建立；B. came down传承；C. set sail乘船出发；D. came about改变方向。根据后文“After three and a half years of traveling through Central Asia”可知，他们1271年起航旅行。故选C。 【25题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：经过三年半的中亚旅行，波罗兄弟终于到达了目的地。A. boundary边界；B. destination目的地；C. homeland祖国；D. territory领土。根据上文“After returning to Venice, the brothers planned another journey to China.(回到威尼斯后，兄弟俩计划再去一次中国)”此处指波罗兄弟终于到达了目的地。故选B。 【26题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在中国的17年里，马可多次被派往中国及其周边地区旅行。A. surrounding周围的；B. religious宗教的；C. agricultural农业的；D. overseas海外的。根据上文“Marco was sent on many journeys around the country and its”指马可多次被派往中国及其周边地区旅行。故选A。 【27题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：1295年，他们克服重重困难，回到了家乡。A. assessing评估；B. overcoming克服；C. resisting抵制；D. witnessing目击。根据后文“numerous hardships”可知，他们克服了困难回到了家乡。故选B。 【28题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：马可游记《马可波罗游记》因其对遥远世界的新见解而成为畅销书。A. assumption认为；B. expectation期待；C. account描述，账户；D. outlook前景。根据后文“of his journey, called The Travels of Marco Polo”指马克对旅行的描述被称为《马可波罗游记》。故选C。 【29题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：马可游记《马可波罗游记》因其对遥远世界新见解而成为畅销书。A. passion激情；B. insight见解，洞悉；C. intention意图；D. conclusion结论。根据上文“of his journey, called The Travels of Marco Polo, became a best-seller due to its new”可知，马克的游记提供了对遥远世界的新见解。故选B。 【30题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：马可透露的信息为读者提供了关于那些遥远地方的奇妙细节。A. predicted预测；B. generated产生；C. inferred推测；D. revealed透露，揭示。根据上文“The information Marco”指马可透露的信息。故选D。 【31题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：马可透露的信息为读者提供了关于那些遥远地方的奇妙细节。A. domestic国内的；B. remote遥远的；C. urban城市的；D. deserted被抛弃的。呼应上文“into a distant part of the world”指遥远的地方。故选B。 【32题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这本书还提供了实用的信息，吸引了对国际贸易感兴趣的商人。A. presented展示，呈现；B. represented代表；C. transformed改变；D. evaluated评估。根据后文“practical information”指书中呈现了实用的信息，故选A。 【33题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这本书还提供了实用的信息，吸引了对国际贸易感兴趣的商人。A. appealed吸引；B. related联系；C. contributed贡献；D. applied应用。根据后文“to merchants who were interested in international trade”这些信息吸引了对国际贸易感兴趣的商人。故选A。 【34题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：东亚地图的改进促进了从西向东的航行，加强了贸易关系。A. defended防御；B. indicated表明；C. strengthened加强；D. prohibited禁止。根据上文“The improvement of maps of East Asia motivated navigation from west to east”可知，东亚地图的改进促进了从西向东的航行，加强了贸易关系。故选C。 【35题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：从此，东西方之间的合作和贸易开始蓬勃发展。A. integrate合并；B. boom繁荣，快速发展；C. exist存在；D. fade褪色。上文“The improvement of maps of East Asia motivated navigation from west to east”提到东亚地图的改进促进了从西向东的航行，加强了贸易关系，推测东西方之间的合作和贸易开始蓬勃发展。故选B。 第二节 语法填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 BEIJING — China’ s film industry set a new milestone during the 2025 Spring Festival holiday, ___36___ its box office earnings from Jan 29 to Feb 1 reaching a record 5.75 billion yuan, going beyond the previous high of 5.73 billion yuan set in 2021. The figure marks the highest-earning Spring Festival period in the nation’s cinema history and ___37___ (establish) China’s position as a global leader in total box office for 2025 to date, overtaking North America. Leading the pack was the animated fantasy “Ne Zha 2,” ___38___ earned over 2.3 billion yuan in just four days, according to the data ___39___ (publishing) by the box office tracker Beacon. The follow-up to the 2019 hit “Ne zha” is said ___40___ (feature) its impressive visuals and ___41___ (engage) storyline, earning an 8.6 rating on Douban, a popular Chinese film review platform. It encourages people to stay brave when facing difficulties, fight for ___42___ is right, and value friendship. The film saw broad appeal for its perfect mix of cultural elements, exciting storytelling, ___43___ positive messages. Chen Jin, ___44___ analyst from Beacon, expressed his hope that this year’s Spring Festival box office would not only set a new record but also deliver outstanding audience satisfaction. “The strong performance of such films lays a solid _____45_____ (found) for the steady growth of China’s film market in 2025.” 【答案】36. with 37. has established 38. which 39. published 40. to feature 41. engaging 42. what 43. and 44. an 45. foundation 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了中国电影产业在2025年春节期间创下的新里程碑，票房收入达到57.5亿元，超过了2021年的纪录。文章还提到动画电影《哪吒2》的表现及其受欢迎的原因。 【36题详解】 考查介词。句意：中国电影产业在2025年春节期间创下了新里程碑，其票房收入从1月29日至2月1日达到了创纪录57.5亿元，超过了2021年的57.3亿元。本句为with的复合结构作状语为“with+名词+现在分词”。故填with。 【37题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：这一数字标志着中国电影史上春节档期票房最高，并确立了2025年至今中国在全球票房总额中的领先地位，超越了北美。空处为谓语，结合时间状语to date可知用现在完成时，主语 The figure是第三人称单数，助动词用has。故填has established。 【38题详解】 考查关系代词。句意：领跑的是动画奇幻电影《哪吒2》，根据票房追踪平台Beacon发布的数据，该片在短短四天内就获得了超过23亿元的票房。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为“Ne Zha 2”，在定语从句中作主语，需用关系代词which引导。故填which。 【39题详解】 考查非谓语。句意：领跑的是动画奇幻电影《哪吒2》，根据票房追踪平台Beacon发布的数据，该片在短短四天内就获得了超过23亿元的票房。空处为非谓语动词，data与publish为被动关系，用过去分词作定语。故填published。 【40题详解】 考查动词不定式。句意：这部2019年热门电影《哪吒》的续集据说以其令人印象深刻的视觉效果和引人入胜的故事情节为特色，在豆瓣上获得了8.6的评分。be said to do sth据说做某事。故填to feature。 【41题详解】 考查形容词。句意：这部2019年热门电影《哪吒》的续集据说以其令人印象深刻的视觉效果和引人入胜的故事情节为特色，在豆瓣上获得了8.6的评分。形容词来修饰“storyline”，表示“引人入胜的”，用engaging。故填engaging。 【42题详解】 考查连接词。句意：它鼓励人们在面对困难时保持勇敢，为正确的事情而奋斗，并珍惜友谊。for后接宾语从句，从句缺少主语，连接词为what。故填what。 【43题详解】 考查连词。句意：这部电影因其完美的文化元素融合、激动人心的故事情节和积极的信息而广受欢迎。前后词为并列关系，用连词and。故填and。 【44题详解】 考查冠词。句意：Beacon的分析师陈金表示，他希望今年的春节档不仅能够创下新纪录，还能带来出色的观众满意度。此处表示“一个分析师”且analyst首字母的发音为元音因素，不定冠词为an。故填an。 【45题详解】 考查名词。句意：这类电影的强劲表现为2025年中国电影市场的稳步增长奠定了坚实的基础。名词foundation作宾语。故填foundation。 第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节 应用文写作(满分15分) 46. 假如你是李华，本学期你校英文报新增了“Great Minds”栏目，介绍西方优秀科学家。请你给栏目编辑写一封邮件，内容包括： (1)表达看法; (2)你的建议。 注意：1. 词数80左右; 2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Dear Sir or Madam, _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Sir or Madam, I’m Li Hua, a student at our school Having read the “Great Minds” column in our school English newspaper, I was greatly inspired. Not only does it deepen my insight into Western scientists, but it sparks my interest in science. However, educational as it was, I have a suggestion. Given that China boasts numerous brilliant minds, it would be better if we add some Chinese scientists like Yuan Long ping, the Father of Hybrid Rice, and Qian Xuesen, the Father of China’s motivated. This would allow readers to draw inspiration from both Western and Chinese great minds, making the column more comprehensive. Thank you for your consideration. And hope our newspaper becomes more popular among students. Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给“Great Minds”栏目编辑写一封邮件，介绍西方优秀科学家。 【详解】1.词汇积累 建议：suggestion→advice 许多的：numerous→multiple 受鼓舞：inspired→encouraged 全面：comprehensive→full-scale 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：This would allow readers to draw inspiration from both Western and Chinese great minds, making the column more comprehensive. 拓展句：This would allow readers to draw inspiration from both Western and Chinese great minds so that it can make the column more comprehensive. 【点睛】[高分句型1] However, educational as it was, I have a suggestion. (运用了as引导让步状语从句) [高分句型2] Not only does it deepen my insight into Western scientists, but it sparks my interest in science. (运用了倒装句) 第二节 读后续写(满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 In that peaceful seaside town, the sunlight was sprinkled on the scattered and orderly houses, and the sea breeze gently blew the palm trees on the street. Tom, a 17-year-old boy, lived in this place of the ocean atmosphere. Since he was a child, he had been fascinated by the boundless sea. Tom’s father was a determined fisherman who had been with the sea all year round. Every time his father returned from a sea voyage, he would tell him the adventures at sea. These stories were like magic seeds, planting a deep love for the sea in Tom’s heart. The small sailboat named “Seagull” in Tom’s family carried countless childhood memories of his. Every scratch on the weathered boat recorded the adventure time they spent together. One morning, as the sun was just peeking over the horizon, Tom received an invitation. It was from the local sailing club, inviting him to participate in a challenging long-distance sailing race that would take place in two weeks. The race promised not only a handsome trophy (奖杯) but also a scholarship to a top maritime (海事的) academy, which could help him achieve his dream of becoming a professional sailor. At first, Tom was overjoyed. His eyes sparkled with excitement as he imagined himself driving his Seagull through the waves with grace and finally across the finish line. However, as the day progressed, doubts began to creep into his mind. He remembered the last time when he participated in a similar race, strong wind howled and the Seagull shook violently in the waves. Although he managed to complete the race, the fear of that frightening moment still lingered. That night, Tom lay in bed, listening to the gentle lapping of the waves against the shore. He tossed and turned, with the vision of victory and the fear of the storm flashing in his mind. On one hand, he imagined himself standing on the podium (领奖台), accepting the cheers from the crowd. On the other hand, the memory of the storm and the fear of facing another dangerous situation made his heart tighten suddenly. 注意： 1. 所续写短文的词数应为150左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Paragraph 1: The next day, Tom went down to the harbor where the Seagull was docked. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph 2: Finally, the day of the race arrived. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】范文 The next day, Tom went down to the harbor where the Seagull was docked. Looking at his old companion, he felt at a loss, a blend of desire mixed with scare torturing him. He decided to seek advice from his father. The resolute fisherman, with a serious yet encouraging look, said, “Son, the sea is unpredictable, but it’s also where your dreams lie. You can’t let fear hold you back.” Tom nodded, his determination slowly returning. He started to prepare for the race in earnest. He spent every day checking and repairing the “Seagull”, making sure it was in the best condition. As he worked, all the good memories came flooding and his confidence swelled increasingly. Finally, the day of the race arrived. The sea was calm and the sun was shining brightly as the sailboats lined up at the starting line. Tom’s heart was pounding with excitement and a touch of nervousness. The race began. Tom steered the “Seagull” skillfully, his eyes fixed on the open sea ahead. At first, everything went smoothly. But then, the wind picked up and the waves grew larger. Tom’s hands tightened on the tiller as the “Seagull” shook violently. This time, he didn’t panic as his father’s words echoed in his mind. He adjusted the sails to catch the wind, keeping the boat on course. Finally the storm began to fade. With renewed energy, Tom pushed forward, steering the Seagull across the finish line. When he stood on the podium to accept the trophy and scholarship, his father cheered and applauded with the crowd. From that day on, Tom knew that he was ready to face any challenge that the sea might bring, and he was one step closer to his dream. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了17岁的男孩汤姆从小就对无边无际的大海着迷。汤姆的父亲是一个坚定的渔夫，他常年与大海为伴。每次他父亲从海上航行回来，他都会给他讲海上的奇遇。汤姆家那艘名叫“海鸥”的小帆船承载了他无数的童年回忆。某天汤姆收到了帆船比赛邀请，犹豫再三他在父亲的鼓励下参加了比赛，并且取得了胜利。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“第二天，汤姆来到海鸥号停靠的港口”可知，第一段可描写汤姆征求他父亲的意见，父亲鼓励他参赛，以及如何为比赛作准备。 ②由第二段首句内容“终于，比赛的日子到了”可知，第二段可描写汤姆参加比赛的经过以及取得胜利。 2.续写线索：来到港口——征求意见——父亲鼓励——信心增加——备赛——开始比赛——遭遇困境——赢得比赛 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①确保：make sure/ensure ②迎接挑战：face challenge /rise to challenge 情绪类 ①坚决的：resolute/determined ②激动：excitement/thrill 【点睛】[高分句型1] He spent every day checking and repairing the “Seagull”, making sure it was in the best condition. (运用了动名词作宾语和现在分词作状语) [高分句型2] As he worked, all the good memories came flooding and his confidence swelled increasingly.(运用了as引导时间状语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$