Unit 5 Green neighbourhood（知识清单）英语新教材沪教版五四学制六年级下册

Unit 5 Green neighbourhood Green neighbourhood 话题 绿色社区 词汇 1.neighbourhood (AmE neighborhood) /ˈneɪbəhʊd/ n.街区；邻近的地方 2.build /bɪld/ v.创建；建造 3.reduce /rɪˈdjuːs/ v.减少；缩小 4.reuse /ˌri:ˈju:z/ v.重复使用 5.recycle /ˌriːˈsaɪkl/ v.回收利用 6.bottle /ˈbɒtl/ n.瓶子 7.repair /rɪˈpeə(r)/ v.修理；修补 8.item /ˈaɪtəm/ n.一件物品 9.sort /sɔːt/ v.整理；把……分类 10.cloth /klɒθ/ n.织物；布料 11.pick /pɪk/ v.拿起；挑选；选择 12.pick up捡起；拾起 13.plastic /ˈplæstɪk/ adj.塑料的 n.塑料 14.waste /weɪst/ n.废物；垃圾 v.浪费；滥用 15.electricity /ɪˌlekˈtrɪsəti/ n.电；电能 16.tap /tæp/ n.水龙头 17.brush /brʌʃ/ v.(用刷子)刷净、刷亮、刷平顺 18.tooth /tuːθ/ n.(pl.teeth)牙；齿 19.bin /bɪn/ n.垃圾箱 20.save /seɪv/ v.节省；节约；救 21.mix /mɪks/ v.混合；融合 22.reusable /ˌri:ˈju:zəbl/ adj.可重复使用的；可再次使用的 23.store /stɔː(r)/ n.商店；店铺 24.even /ˈiːvn/ adv.(强调出乎意料)甚至，连，即使 25.huge /hjuːdʒ/ adj.巨大的；极度的；程度高的 26.government /ˈɡʌvənmənt/ n.政府；内阁 27.encourage /ɪnˈkʌrɪdʒ/ v.支持；鼓励；激励 28.public /ˈpʌblɪk/ adj.公共的；公立的 29.transport /ˈtrænspɔːt/ n.交通车辆；旅行方式 30.environmental /ɪnˌvaɪrənˈmentl/ adj.环境的 31.electric /ɪˈlektrɪk/ adj.电的；电动的 32.building /ˈbɪldɪŋ/ n.建筑物；楼房 33.low /ləʊ/ adj.低于平均水平的；低的；矮的 34.energy /ˈenədʒi/ n.能源 35.low-energy /ˈləʊ 'enədʒɪ/ adj.低能耗的 36.however /haʊˈevə(r)/ adv.然而 37.alone /əˈləʊn/ adv.独自 38.planet /ˈplænɪt/ n.行星 39.mankind /mænˈkaɪnd/ n.人类 40.daily /ˈdeɪli/ adj.每日的；日常的 短语 1.build a green neighbourhood建设一个环保社区 2.collect bottles and cans收集瓶子和罐子 3.sort rubbish垃圾分类 4.plant trees植树 5.repair old items修理旧物品 6.make cloth bags制作布包 7.pick up litter捡起垃圾 8.listen to a green song听一首环保歌曲 9.pick them up捡起它们 10.make a change做出改变 11.turn it off把它关掉 12.put ... in the recycling bin把……放进回收箱 13.turn off the light关灯 14.save electricity节约用电 15.mix... up with...把……和……混合 16.reusable shopping bags可重复使用的购物袋 17.make a difference有影响，起作用 18.on one’s own独自 19.come on快点；来吧；加油 20.at the store在商店 21.last a long time持续很长时间 语法 情态动词 考点1. neighbourhood (AmE neighborhood) /ˈneɪbəhʊd/ n.街区；邻近的地方 【例句】I live in a quiet neighbourhood. 我住在一个安静的街区。 【搭配】in one’s neighbourhood在某人的 【词转】neighbour n.邻居 neighbouring adj.邻近的 考点2. reduce /rɪˈdjuːs/ v.减少；缩小 【例句】The new policy aims to reduce traffic congestion in the city. 新政策旨在减少城市的交通拥堵。 【搭配】reduce stress减轻压力 reduce pollution减少污染 【词转】reduction n.减少 【反义】increase v.增加 考点3.recycle /ˌriːˈsaɪkl/ v.回收利用 【例句】We take all our bottles to be recycled. 我们把我们所有的瓶子都回收利用。 【词转】cycle v.骑车；循环 n.周期 recyclable adj.可回收利用的 【辨析】reuse与recycle ①reuse强调物品的再次使用，这里的物品没有经过本质上的改变，只是用途可能稍有变化。 【例句】We can reuse the glass bottles as vases after cleaning them. 我们可以把玻璃瓶清洗干净后当作花瓶重复使用。 ②recycle意味着将废弃的物品通过一系列的加工处理，使其变成新的原材料或者产品。这个过程通常涉及比较复杂的工业处理，把物品的原有结构破坏后重新制造。 【例句】Old newspapers are recycled to make new paper products. 旧报纸被收用来制造新的纸制品。 考点4. sort /sɔːt/ v.整理；把……分类 【例句】Sort the clothes by colour before you wash them. 在洗衣服之前，把衣服按颜色分类。 【搭配】sort out整理；挑选出 sort garbage给垃圾分类 【拓展】sort n.种类 【搭配】different sorts of不同种类的 【同义】kind/type n.种类 考点5.waste /weɪst/ n.废物；垃圾 v.浪费；滥用 【例句】Don’t waste food as there are still many hungry people. 不要浪费食物，因为还有很多人在挨饿。 【搭配】plastic waste塑料废物 waste your time浪费你的时间 reduce waste减少浪费 【词转】wasteful adj.浪费的 考点6. .electricity /ɪˌlekˈtrɪsəti/ n.电；电能 【例句】The city suffered a power outage due to a problem with the electricity supply. 由于电力供应问题，这个城市遭遇了停电。 【搭配】save electricity节约用电 【词转】electric adj.带电的 electrical adj.与电有关的 electronic adj.电子的 考点7.save /seɪv/ v.节省；节约；救 【例句】We should save water in our daily life. 我们应该在日常生活中节约用水。 【搭配】save time节省时间 【词转】safe adj.安全的 safely adv.安全地 safety n.安全 savings n.存款 【搭配】in safety安全地 safety measures安全措施 考点8.huge /hjuːdʒ/ adj.巨大的；极多的；程度高的 【例句】The elephant is a huge animal. 大象是一种巨大的动物。 【搭配】a huge amount of大量的 【辨析】huge与large ①huge意思是“巨大的；庞大的”，通常表示程度上比large更甚有“超乎寻常大”的感觉。如：a huge elephant一头巨大的象，a huge success一项巨大的成功，强调规模、体积、程度达到令人印象非常深刻的地步。 ②large侧重于表示尺寸、规模、数量等方面的大，是比较普通的用词。如：a large house一所大房子，a large number of people大量的人。 考点9. energy /ˈenədʒi/ n.能源 【例句】Solar energy is a renewable energy source. 太阳能是一种可再生能源。 【搭配】solar energy太阳能 【词转】energetic adj.充满活力的 【辨析】energy、strength与power ①energy指“能量；精力；活力”。它可以是物理上的能量形式，如电能、热能等，也可以指人或动物所拥有的精力和活力。 【例句】Wind energy is a clean and renewable energy source. 风能是一种清洁的可再生能源。 ②strength侧重于指“力量；力气；强度；强项”。它更多地表示身体的力量或者物体的强度，也可以指人的优点或长处。 【例句】Her strength lies in her excellent communication skills. 她的强项在于她出色的沟通技巧。 ③power有“力量；权力；动力；功率”等多种意思。它可以表示抽象的权力、势力，也可以是物理上的动力或功率。 【例句】The power of the engine determines the speed of the vehicle. 发动机的功率决定了车辆的速度。 考点10.however /haʊˈevə(r)/ adv.然而 【例句】I studied hard.However,I still didn’t get a good grade. 我学习很努力。然而，我还是没取得好成绩。 【辨析】however与but ①however在句首、句中或句末时，通常都需要用逗号隔开，这是它在书面语中比较明显的特点。 【例句】She is smart.However,she can be a little bit careless sometimes. 她很聪明。然而，她有时候会有点粗心。 ②but一般不需要用逗号与前后内容隔开。 【例句】I’d asked everybody but only two people came. 每个人我都请了，但只来了两个人。 考点11.alone /əˈləʊn/ adv.独自 【例句】He likes to travel alone. 他喜欢独自旅行。 【搭配】leave alone不打扰 let alone更不用说 【词转】lonely adj.孤独的 feel lonely感到孤独 考点12.daily /ˈdeɪli/ adj.每日的；日常的 【例句】Brush your teeth twice daily. 每天刷两次牙。 【搭配】daily life日常生活 【拓展】daily adv.每日 n.日报 【词转】day n.白天 语法精讲——情态动词 1.can/could用法考点 1.1.表示能力，意为“能，会”。could是can的过去式，表示过去的能力。 辨析：can和be able to的区别 情态动词 用法 can 只能用于一般现在时和一般过去时。 be able to 可用于各种时态。表示经过努力做成某事只能用 be able to. Will you be able to camera the lecture tomorrow?明天你能把讲座录下来吗？ 1.2.表示推测，意为“可能”，常用于否定句和疑问句中。could既可以表示过去的可能性，又可以表示现在的可能性，其语气更弱一些。 例句This can't be the right road.不可能是这条路。 1.3.表示请求或允许，常用于“Can/Could l/you...?”句型中。could不表示过去，而是表示委婉的请求，但答语只能用can. 例－Could you help me work out the problem?你能帮我做出这道题吗？ －Yes,I can.是的，可以。 2.may/might用法考点 2.1.may/might表示把握性不大的推测，意为“或许，可能”，可以对现在、过去或将来的情况进行推测，常用于肯定句中。might表示的可能性低于may. 例 I might be a few minutes late.我可能会晚到几分钟。 2.2.may/might表示请求许可或征求对方的意见。给予许可时可用may,但不能用might. 例－May/Might I come in?我可以进来吗？ －Yes,you may.是的，你可以。不能用might 3.must的用法考点 3.1.must 表示义务，意为“必须”，强调说话人的主观意志。 例 You must work hard.你必须努力工作。 辨析：must和have to的区别 情态动词 用法 must “必须”，表示说话人的主观意志；只有must这一种形式。 have to “必须，不得不”，强调客观需要；有人称、数和时态的变化。 例 You have to wear sports shoes when you climb a mountain.爬山的时候你必须穿运动鞋。 3.2.must表示推测时，指有根据、有把握的推测，只能用于肯定句。可以对现在、过去或将来的情况进行推测。 例You must be a middle school student.你一定是一名中学生。 3.3.must的否定形式mustn't意为“禁止，不许”，不能用来表示推测。表示否定推测时用can't,意为“不可能”。 You mustn't park your car on this street.不许把车停在这条街道上。 3.4.由must引导的一般疑问句，肯定回答用“Yes,...must”，否定回答用＂No,...needn't/don't have to”。 例－Must I learn these words by heart?我必须熟记这些单词吗？ －No,you needn't.不用。 4.should的用法考点 should表示义务、责任或劝告等，意为“应该”，可用于各种人称。shouldn't意为“不应该”。 例 We should protect the environment.我们应该保护环境。 Children shouldn't be allowed to play in the street.不应该让儿童在街上玩。 一、用单词适当形式填空 1．She lives in that big house. (lone) 【答案】alone 【详解】句意：她独自住在那座大房子里。alone 表示“独自地” ，修饰动词lives。故填alone。 2．There is something wrong with my car. I plan to have an engineer (repair) it. 【答案】repair 【详解】句意：我的车出了点问题。我打算让工程师修理它。根据“There is something wrong with my car. I plan to have an engineer… it.”可知，have sb. do sth.“让某人做某事。”，固定短语，所以，此处应是repair的原形。故填repair。 3．In our (day) life, turning off lights when not in use is a simple way to contribute to environmental conservation. 【答案】daily 【详解】句意：在我们的日常生活中，不用时关灯是为环保做贡献的简单方式。life前用形容词作定语，“daily”表示“日常的”，daily life“日常生活”。故填daily。 4．During quiet time, I like to write down my (think) in a journal. 【答案】thoughts 【详解】句意：在安静的时候，我喜欢把我的想法写在日记里。根据“write down my”可知，后面需要接名词作宾语，thought是think的名词形式，意为“想法”，这里表示“我的想法”，通常用复数形式。故填thoughts。 5．The recipe calls for a (mix) of flour, sugar and eggs to make the cake. 【答案】mixture 【详解】句意：这个食谱要求用面粉、糖和鸡蛋的混合物来制作蛋糕。根据“The recipe calls for a”可知，此处需要名词作宾语，mixture是mix的名词形式，意为“混合物”。故填mixture。 6．Brushing your (tooth) twice a day helps keep them clean and healthy. 【答案】teeth 【详解】句意：每天刷牙两次有助于保持牙齿清洁和健康。tooth“牙齿”，可数名词，此处应用复数形式teeth，表示概数概念。故填teeth。 7．Tim felt (alone) when his friends went on vacation without him. 【答案】lonely 【详解】句意：当他的朋友不带他去度假时，蒂姆感到很孤独。根据“when his friends went on vacation without him”可知，蒂姆的朋友不带他去度假，他应是感到孤独，lonely“孤独的”符合，形容词作表语。故填lonely。 8． (electric) is useful, but at the same time, it is dangerous. 【答案】Electricity 【详解】句意：电是有用的，但同时也是危险的。句子中需要填入一个名词作为主语，表示“电”这一概念。根据句意和语法结构，应填入“Electricity”作为句子的主语，指代“电”这一物质。故填Electricity。 9．We made the sculpture to remember these (hero). 【答案】heroes 【详解】句意：我们制作这座雕塑是为了纪念这些英雄。these“这些”后跟名词复数。hero“英雄”的复数形式为heroes。故填heroes。 10．These (cloth) are made of cotton. They are very soft. 【答案】clothes 【详解】句意：这些衣服是棉做的。它们非常柔软。根据these可知，空处填名词复数，此处指“衣服”clothes，故填clothes。 二、阅读理解 Join us in planting trees!Trees are important to people and animals. So come to plant trees and build a better city with us. We need your help to plant 200 trees in the city. Time: this Saturday, 9 a.m. to 4 p.m. Meeting place: in the park. *get a green T-shirt *learn more about trees *name the tree(s) that you plant *make new friends *All ages are welcome. *It will be a sunny day, so wear a cap. *There will be free (免费的) food and water for you. *Take a photo together after the activity. Call Mr. Lee at 669-3582. 1．What does the activity want people to do? A．Plant trees. B．Build a city. C．Get a green T-shirt. D．Name the trees. 2．If you want to join in planting trees, you can go to the ______. A．school B．park C．farm D．zoo 3．Linda wants to take part in the activity. She needs to bring ______. A． B． C． D． 4．How can people know more about the activity? A．Call Mr. Lee. B．Go to the park. C．Visit Mr. Lee. D．Visit a website (网址). 5．In which part of the newspaper can we read the text? A．Food. B．History. C．Music. D．Nature. 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．C 4．A 5．D 【导语】本文主要介绍了树木对人类和动物都是很重要的，可以参加植树活动来创造一个更好的城市。 1．细节理解题。根据“So come to plant trees and build a better city with us.”可知，希望人们来种树。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据“Meeting place: in the park.”可知，在公园里种树。故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据“It will be a sunny day, so wear a cap.”可知，可能是晴天，所以可以戴帽子。故选C。 4．细节理解题。根据“Call Mr. Lee at 669-3582.”可知，可以给李先生拨打电话了解更多信息。故选A。 5．推理判断题。根据全文内容可知，本文是关于植树的，因此可能会在报纸的“自然”部分看到。故选D。 三、阅读回答问题 Saihanba: turning desert into forest Saihanba is a forest park in the north of Hebei. It is about 400 km from Beijing. For hundreds of years, the emperors went there to hunt. But in the 1800s, things began to change. There were forest fires and wars, and people cut down many trees. Saihanba slowly turned into a desert. When the forest disappeared, there were terrible sandstorms in the Beijing area. In the early 1960s, a group of scientists travelled to Saihanba to find a solution. They found an old tree in the middle of the desert. “Maybe we can still plant trees here,” they thought. In 1962, the first tree planters arrived in Saihanba. The cold and dry weather made their work very difficult, and strong winds blew away many young trees. In winter, it got as cold as -40℃. Three generations (代) of forest workers continued the hard work. Thanks to them, Saihanba is green again. It is today the world’s biggest man-made forest. There are hundreds of millions of trees there. The forest helps provide the capital with clean water, and there are fewer sandstorms in the Beijing area now. 1．Why did Saihanba become into a desert? 2．What made it difficult to turn the desert into a forest? 3．Are there many sandstorms in the Beijing area now? 4．Why are forests important? Write 30 words or more. 【答案】1．Because there were forest fires and wars, and people cut down many trees. 2．The cold and dry weather, strong winds. 3．No, there aren’t. 4．Forests are very important because they can provide people with wood, adjust the climate, increase precipitation, absorb carbon dioxide and release oxygen, purify the air, improve our living environment and prevent sandstorms. 【导语】本文主要介绍了塞罕坝林场的发展和建造过程，及其重要作用。 1．根据“There were forest fires and wars, and people cut down many trees. Saihanba slowly turned into a desert.”可知塞罕坝变成沙漠是因为有森林火灾和战争，人们砍伐了许多树木。故填Because there were forest fires and wars, and people cut down many trees. 2．根据“The cold and dry weather made their work very difficult, and strong winds blew away many young trees”可知寒冷干燥的天气和强风让沙漠难以变成森林。故填The cold and dry weather, strong winds. 3．根据“The forest helps provide the capital with clean water, and there are fewer sandstorms in the Beijing area now.”可知现在北京地区沙尘暴不多。故填No, there aren’t. 4．开放性试题，言之有理即可。参考答案为Forests are very important because they can provide people with wood, adjust the climate, increase precipitation, absorb carbon dioxide and release oxygen, purify the air, improve our living environment and prevent sandstorms. 四、书面表达 1．Write at least 60 words according to the given information (根据以下信息写一篇不少于60词的短文，标点符号不占格) One of your friends Phill doesn’t understand why it’s important to have a green neighbourhood. Write an e-mail to tell him the reason (你的朋友Phill不明白绿色城区的重要性，请写一篇电子邮件向他解释人们可以怎样保持健康的环境以及这么做的理由)Suggested questions: (1) Why are you writing this e-mail? (2) What do people do in your neighbourhood to keep it green? Why are these things important? (3) What’s your own experience with green neighbourhood? ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】例文： Dear Phill, I’m writing this e-mail because I want to share why a green neighbourhood matters. In my area, people plant trees and flowers, recycle waste, and ride bikes instead of driving. These actions reduce pollution, clean the air, and protect nature. For example, recycling saves resources, and trees give us fresh oxygen. My family also help by using reusable bags and saving water. Last weekend, I joined a park cleanup and felt proud to make our area cleaner. A green neighbourhood keeps us healthy and happy.   Let’s work together to protect our environment! Best regards, [×××] 【详解】[总体分析] ① 题材：本文是一篇材料作文； ② 时态：时态为“一般现在时”； ③ 提示：写作要点已给出，考生应注意围绕提示要点写作，可适当添加细节，并突出写作重点。 [写作步骤] 第一步，表明写作意图。开篇直接说明本邮件的目的是分享绿色社区很重要的原因； 第二步，具体阐述写作内容。从社区居民的做法、我家人的做法、这样做的好处等几个方面重点介绍绿色社区很重要； 第三步，书写结语。呼吁大家一起保护环境。 [亮点词汇] ① plant trees 植树 ② recycle waste 回收垃圾 ③ instead of 代替 ④ reduce pollution 减少污染 [高分句型] ① I’m writing this email because I want to share why a green neighbourhood matters.（because引导的原因状语从句；why引导的宾语从句） ② Let’s work together to protect our environment!（不定式作目的状语） 原创精品资源独家享有版权，侵权必究！15 （北京）股份有限公司 （北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ Unit 5 Green neighbourhood Green neighbourhood 话题 绿色社区 词汇 1.neighbourhood (AmE neighborhood) /ˈneɪbəhʊd/ n.街区；邻近的地方 2.build /bɪld/ v.创建；建造 3.reduce /rɪˈdjuːs/ v.减少；缩小 4.reuse /ˌri:ˈju:z/ v.重复使用 5.recycle /ˌriːˈsaɪkl/ v.回收利用 6.bottle /ˈbɒtl/ n.瓶子 7.repair /rɪˈpeə(r)/ v.修理；修补 8.item /ˈaɪtəm/ n.一件物品 9.sort /sɔːt/ v.整理；把……分类 10.cloth /klɒθ/ n.织物；布料 11.pick /pɪk/ v.拿起；挑选；选择 12.pick up捡起；拾起 13.plastic /ˈplæstɪk/ adj.塑料的 n.塑料 14.waste /weɪst/ n.废物；垃圾 v.浪费；滥用 15.electricity /ɪˌlekˈtrɪsəti/ n.电；电能 16.tap /tæp/ n.水龙头 17.brush /brʌʃ/ v.(用刷子)刷净、刷亮、刷平顺 18.tooth /tuːθ/ n.(pl.teeth)牙；齿 19.bin /bɪn/ n.垃圾箱 20.save /seɪv/ v.节省；节约；救 21.mix /mɪks/ v.混合；融合 22.reusable /ˌri:ˈju:zəbl/ adj.可重复使用的；可再次使用的 23.store /stɔː(r)/ n.商店；店铺 24.even /ˈiːvn/ adv.(强调出乎意料)甚至，连，即使 25.huge /hjuːdʒ/ adj.巨大的；极度的；程度高的 26.government /ˈɡʌvənmənt/ n.政府；内阁 27.encourage /ɪnˈkʌrɪdʒ/ v.支持；鼓励；激励 28.public /ˈpʌblɪk/ adj.公共的；公立的 29.transport /ˈtrænspɔːt/ n.交通车辆；旅行方式 30.environmental /ɪnˌvaɪrənˈmentl/ adj.环境的 31.electric /ɪˈlektrɪk/ adj.电的；电动的 32.building /ˈbɪldɪŋ/ n.建筑物；楼房 33.low /ləʊ/ adj.低于平均水平的；低的；矮的 34.energy /ˈenədʒi/ n.能源 35.low-energy /ˈləʊ 'enədʒɪ/ adj.低能耗的 36.however /haʊˈevə(r)/ adv.然而 37.alone /əˈləʊn/ adv.独自 38.planet /ˈplænɪt/ n.行星 39.mankind /mænˈkaɪnd/ n.人类 40.daily /ˈdeɪli/ adj.每日的；日常的 短语 1.build a green neighbourhood建设一个环保社区 2.collect bottles and cans收集瓶子和罐子 3.sort rubbish垃圾分类 4.plant trees植树 5.repair old items修理旧物品 6.make cloth bags制作布包 7.pick up litter捡起垃圾 8.listen to a green song听一首环保歌曲 9.pick them up捡起它们 10.make a change做出改变 11.turn it off把它关掉 12.put ... in the recycling bin把……放进回收箱 13.turn off the light关灯 14.save electricity节约用电 15.mix... up with...把……和……混合 16.reusable shopping bags可重复使用的购物袋 17.make a difference有影响，起作用 18.on one’s own独自 19.come on快点；来吧；加油 20.at the store在商店 21.last a long time持续很长时间 语法 情态动词 考点1. neighbourhood (AmE neighborhood) /ˈneɪbəhʊd/ n.街区；邻近的地方 【例句】I live in a quiet neighbourhood. 我住在一个安静的街区。 【搭配】in one’s neighbourhood在某人的 【词转】neighbour n.邻居 neighbouring adj.邻近的 考点2. reduce /rɪˈdjuːs/ v.减少；缩小 【例句】The new policy aims to reduce traffic congestion in the city. 新政策旨在减少城市的交通拥堵。 【搭配】reduce stress减轻压力 reduce pollution减少污染 【词转】reduction n.减少 【反义】increase v.增加 考点3.recycle /ˌriːˈsaɪkl/ v.回收利用 【例句】We take all our bottles to be recycled. 我们把我们所有的瓶子都回收利用。 【词转】cycle v.骑车；循环 n.周期 recyclable adj.可回收利用的 【辨析】reuse与recycle ①reuse强调物品的再次使用，这里的物品没有经过本质上的改变，只是用途可能稍有变化。 【例句】We can reuse the glass bottles as vases after cleaning them. 我们可以把玻璃瓶清洗干净后当作花瓶重复使用。 ②recycle意味着将废弃的物品通过一系列的加工处理，使其变成新的原材料或者产品。这个过程通常涉及比较复杂的工业处理，把物品的原有结构破坏后重新制造。 【例句】Old newspapers are recycled to make new paper products. 旧报纸被收用来制造新的纸制品。 考点4. sort /sɔːt/ v.整理；把……分类 【例句】Sort the clothes by colour before you wash them. 在洗衣服之前，把衣服按颜色分类。 【搭配】sort out整理；挑选出 sort garbage给垃圾分类 【拓展】sort n.种类 【搭配】different sorts of不同种类的 【同义】kind/type n.种类 考点5.waste /weɪst/ n.废物；垃圾 v.浪费；滥用 【例句】Don’t waste food as there are still many hungry people. 不要浪费食物，因为还有很多人在挨饿。 【搭配】plastic waste塑料废物 waste your time浪费你的时间 reduce waste减少浪费 【词转】wasteful adj.浪费的 考点6. .electricity /ɪˌlekˈtrɪsəti/ n.电；电能 【例句】The city suffered a power outage due to a problem with the electricity supply. 由于电力供应问题，这个城市遭遇了停电。 【搭配】save electricity节约用电 【词转】electric adj.带电的 electrical adj.与电有关的 electronic adj.电子的 考点7.save /seɪv/ v.节省；节约；救 【例句】We should save water in our daily life. 我们应该在日常生活中节约用水。 【搭配】save time节省时间 【词转】safe adj.安全的 safely adv.安全地 safety n.安全 savings n.存款 【搭配】in safety安全地 safety measures安全措施 考点8.huge /hjuːdʒ/ adj.巨大的；极多的；程度高的 【例句】The elephant is a huge animal. 大象是一种巨大的动物。 【搭配】a huge amount of大量的 【辨析】huge与large ①huge意思是“巨大的；庞大的”，通常表示程度上比large更甚有“超乎寻常大”的感觉。如：a huge elephant一头巨大的象，a huge success一项巨大的成功，强调规模、体积、程度达到令人印象非常深刻的地步。 ②large侧重于表示尺寸、规模、数量等方面的大，是比较普通的用词。如：a large house一所大房子，a large number of people大量的人。 考点9. energy /ˈenədʒi/ n.能源 【例句】Solar energy is a renewable energy source. 太阳能是一种可再生能源。 【搭配】solar energy太阳能 【词转】energetic adj.充满活力的 【辨析】energy、strength与power ①energy指“能量；精力；活力”。它可以是物理上的能量形式，如电能、热能等，也可以指人或动物所拥有的精力和活力。 【例句】Wind energy is a clean and renewable energy source. 风能是一种清洁的可再生能源。 ②strength侧重于指“力量；力气；强度；强项”。它更多地表示身体的力量或者物体的强度，也可以指人的优点或长处。 【例句】Her strength lies in her excellent communication skills. 她的强项在于她出色的沟通技巧。 ③power有“力量；权力；动力；功率”等多种意思。它可以表示抽象的权力、势力，也可以是物理上的动力或功率。 【例句】The power of the engine determines the speed of the vehicle. 发动机的功率决定了车辆的速度。 考点10.however /haʊˈevə(r)/ adv.然而 【例句】I studied hard.However,I still didn’t get a good grade. 我学习很努力。然而，我还是没取得好成绩。 【辨析】however与but ①however在句首、句中或句末时，通常都需要用逗号隔开，这是它在书面语中比较明显的特点。 【例句】She is smart.However,she can be a little bit careless sometimes. 她很聪明。然而，她有时候会有点粗心。 ②but一般不需要用逗号与前后内容隔开。 【例句】I’d asked everybody but only two people came. 每个人我都请了，但只来了两个人。 考点11.alone /əˈləʊn/ adv.独自 【例句】He likes to travel alone. 他喜欢独自旅行。 【搭配】leave alone不打扰 let alone更不用说 【词转】lonely adj.孤独的 feel lonely感到孤独 考点12.daily /ˈdeɪli/ adj.每日的；日常的 【例句】Brush your teeth twice daily. 每天刷两次牙。 【搭配】daily life日常生活 【拓展】daily adv.每日 n.日报 【词转】day n.白天 语法精讲——情态动词 1.can/could用法考点 1.1.表示能力，意为“能，会”。could是can的过去式，表示过去的能力。 辨析：can和be able to的区别 情态动词 用法 can 只能用于一般现在时和一般过去时。 be able to 可用于各种时态。表示经过努力做成某事只能用 be able to. Will you be able to camera the lecture tomorrow?明天你能把讲座录下来吗？ 1.2.表示推测，意为“可能”，常用于否定句和疑问句中。could既可以表示过去的可能性，又可以表示现在的可能性，其语气更弱一些。 例句This can't be the right road.不可能是这条路。 1.3.表示请求或允许，常用于“Can/Could l/you...?”句型中。could不表示过去，而是表示委婉的请求，但答语只能用can. 例－Could you help me work out the problem?你能帮我做出这道题吗？ －Yes,I can.是的，可以。 2.may/might用法考点 2.1.may/might表示把握性不大的推测，意为“或许，可能”，可以对现在、过去或将来的情况进行推测，常用于肯定句中。might表示的可能性低于may. 例 I might be a few minutes late.我可能会晚到几分钟。 2.2.may/might表示请求许可或征求对方的意见。给予许可时可用may,但不能用might. 例－May/Might I come in?我可以进来吗？ －Yes,you may.是的，你可以。不能用might 3.must的用法考点 3.1.must 表示义务，意为“必须”，强调说话人的主观意志。 例 You must work hard.你必须努力工作。 辨析：must和have to的区别 情态动词 用法 must “必须”，表示说话人的主观意志；只有must这一种形式。 have to “必须，不得不”，强调客观需要；有人称、数和时态的变化。 例 You have to wear sports shoes when you climb a mountain.爬山的时候你必须穿运动鞋。 3.2.must表示推测时，指有根据、有把握的推测，只能用于肯定句。可以对现在、过去或将来的情况进行推测。 例You must be a middle school student.你一定是一名中学生。 3.3.must的否定形式mustn't意为“禁止，不许”，不能用来表示推测。表示否定推测时用can't,意为“不可能”。 You mustn't park your car on this street.不许把车停在这条街道上。 3.4.由must引导的一般疑问句，肯定回答用“Yes,...must”，否定回答用＂No,...needn't/don't have to”。 例－Must I learn these words by heart?我必须熟记这些单词吗？ －No,you needn't.不用。 4.should的用法考点 should表示义务、责任或劝告等，意为“应该”，可用于各种人称。shouldn't意为“不应该”。 例 We should protect the environment.我们应该保护环境。 Children shouldn't be allowed to play in the street.不应该让儿童在街上玩。 一、用单词适当形式填空 1．She lives in that big house. (lone) 2．There is something wrong with my car. I plan to have an engineer (repair) it. 3．In our (day) life, turning off lights when not in use is a simple way to contribute to environmental conservation. 4．During quiet time, I like to write down my (think) in a journal. 5．The recipe calls for a (mix) of flour, sugar and eggs to make the cake. 6．Brushing your (tooth) twice a day helps keep them clean and healthy. 7．Tim felt (alone) when his friends went on vacation without him. 8． (electric) is useful, but at the same time, it is dangerous. 9．We made the sculpture to remember these (hero). 10．These (cloth) are made of cotton. They are very soft. 二、阅读理解 Join us in planting trees!Trees are important to people and animals. So come to plant trees and build a better city with us. We need your help to plant 200 trees in the city. Time: this Saturday, 9 a.m. to 4 p.m. Meeting place: in the park. *get a green T-shirt *learn more about trees *name the tree(s) that you plant *make new friends *All ages are welcome. *It will be a sunny day, so wear a cap. *There will be free (免费的) food and water for you. *Take a photo together after the activity. Call Mr. Lee at 669-3582. 1．What does the activity want people to do? A．Plant trees. B．Build a city. C．Get a green T-shirt. D．Name the trees. 2．If you want to join in planting trees, you can go to the ______. A．school B．park C．farm D．zoo 3．Linda wants to take part in the activity. She needs to bring ______. A． B． C． D． 4．How can people know more about the activity? A．Call Mr. Lee. B．Go to the park. C．Visit Mr. Lee. D．Visit a website (网址). 5．In which part of the newspaper can we read the text? A．Food. B．History. C．Music. D．Nature. 三、阅读回答问题 Saihanba: turning desert into forest Saihanba is a forest park in the north of Hebei. It is about 400 km from Beijing. For hundreds of years, the emperors went there to hunt. But in the 1800s, things began to change. There were forest fires and wars, and people cut down many trees. Saihanba slowly turned into a desert. When the forest disappeared, there were terrible sandstorms in the Beijing area. In the early 1960s, a group of scientists travelled to Saihanba to find a solution. They found an old tree in the middle of the desert. “Maybe we can still plant trees here,” they thought. In 1962, the first tree planters arrived in Saihanba. The cold and dry weather made their work very difficult, and strong winds blew away many young trees. In winter, it got as cold as -40℃. Three generations (代) of forest workers continued the hard work. Thanks to them, Saihanba is green again. It is today the world’s biggest man-made forest. There are hundreds of millions of trees there. The forest helps provide the capital with clean water, and there are fewer sandstorms in the Beijing area now. 1．Why did Saihanba become into a desert? 2．What made it difficult to turn the desert into a forest? 3．Are there many sandstorms in the Beijing area now? 4．Why are forests important? Write 30 words or more. 四、书面表达 1．Write at least 60 words according to the given information (根据以下信息写一篇不少于60词的短文，标点符号不占格) One of your friends Phill doesn’t understand why it’s important to have a green neighbourhood. Write an e-mail to tell him the reason (你的朋友Phill不明白绿色城区的重要性，请写一篇电子邮件向他解释人们可以怎样保持健康的环境以及这么做的理由)Suggested questions: (1) Why are you writing this e-mail? (2) What do people do in your neighbourhood to keep it green? Why are these things important? (3) What’s your own experience with green neighbourhood? ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 原创精品资源独家享有版权，侵权必究！15 （北京）股份有限公司 （北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$