英语（一）-2025年高考考前20天终极冲刺攻略

目 录 contents （一） 阅读理解（细节理解题）……………………………………………………………03 阅读理解（推理判断题）……………………………………………………………40 阅读理解（主旨大意题）……………………………………………………………78 阅读理解（词义猜测题）……………………………………………………………105 阅读理解（七选五）……………………………………………………………… 125 一 阅读理解（细节理解题） 2022-2024年高考英语阅读理解考情分析（命题专家视角） 一、语篇类型与主题演变（2022-2024） 年份 卷别 A 篇（应用文） B 篇（记叙文） C/D 篇（说明文 / 议论文） 命题趋势 2022 Ⅰ 卷 英国大学开放日活动通知8 无（B 篇为议论文） C 篇：文学创作结尾的艺术； D 篇：城市生态修复研究 从语篇类型来看，应用文、记叙文和说明文在近三年的 I 卷和 II 卷中均为常见体裁，议论文出现频率较低。从题型分布来看，细节理解题在各年各卷中占比相对较高，推理判断题次之，主旨要义题和词义猜测题数量相对较少。总体而言，高考英语阅读理解注重对考生细节信息获取能力和逻辑推理能力的考查，同时兼顾对文章主旨和词义理解的测试。 Ⅱ 卷 秋季徒步健身活动指南 火车站阅读服务人文故事 C 篇：室内园艺系统 BMT； D 篇：AI 与人类共存探讨 2023 Ⅰ 卷 生物栖息地修复志愿者招募 无（B 篇为记叙文） C 篇：英国 “丝路花园” 温室设计； D 篇：生物数据质量研究 Ⅱ 卷 电影节活动报名须知 出租车司机诚信故事 C 篇：AI 技术伦理讨论； D 篇：过度旅游应对策略 2024 Ⅰ 卷 科学研究项目申请指南 科学家野外考察经历 C 篇：深海生物多样性保护；D 篇：脑机接口技术争议 Ⅱ 卷 国际青年环保论坛通知 社区图书馆建设历程 C 篇：气候变化应对技术； D 篇：基因编辑技术应用 二、题型分布与能力考查（2022-2024） 年份 卷别 细节理解 推理判断 主旨要义 词义猜测 高阶思维占比 典型题型创新 2022 Ⅰ 卷 10 题 3 题 1 题 1 题 30% 跨段信息整合题（如 D 篇 “生态修复措施”） Ⅱ 卷 7 题 5 题 1 题 2 题 47% 作者态度推断题（D 篇 “AI 发展立场”） 2023 Ⅰ 卷 6 题 7 题 1 题 1 题 53% 实验流程排序题（C 篇 “温室设计步骤”） Ⅱ 卷 8 题 3 题 3 题 1 题 40% 段落功能分析题（D 篇 “过度旅游解决方案”） 2024 Ⅰ 卷 8 题 4 题 2 题 1 题 60% 观点反驳题（D 篇 “脑机接口伦理争议”） Ⅱ 卷 7 题 5 题 2 题 1 题 47% 数据图表解读题（C 篇 “气候模型分析”） 1. 语篇类型：科普类说明文、研究类说明文、书评等可能成为选材热点，涉及量子计算、生物工程、可持续发展（气候变化与生物技术）等前沿领域。 2. 题型创新：可能引入 “多模态阅读”（如结合图表、流程图），考查信息整合能力。 3. 思维考查：批判性思维题比例或提升至 30%，如要求考生评价 “技术应用的利弊”。 细节理解类在高考阅读卷中占相当大比例，这类题考查对阅读材料中的某一具体事实和细节的理解，要求在快速阅读文章的同时，能从中获取某些特定的信息。抓住文段中的事实和细节是做好该类题的关键。 细节理解题一般根据短文提供的信息和事实进行提问，命题人往往通过对文章细节加以改写来考查考生准确理解细节的能力。细节理解题在高考阅读理解中占有相当大的比例，一般包括： 1．直接信息题——在原文中可直接找到答案，常用who，what，when，where，why和how等提问。 2．间接信息题——需要将题目信息与原文相关信息进行语意上的转换，两者存在表达上的差异，有时需要进行加工或整理方能得出结论。 3．数字计算题——文章中直接给出来相关数据，要经过具体的计算才能够得出答案。 4．排列顺序题——根据事件发生的先后顺序和句子之间的逻辑关系，找出事件发生的正确顺序。 5．图表、图画题——有的图表、图画出现在阅读理解文章中，有的出现在选项中，它们的出现增加了试题的直观性，同时也暗含与文章内容相关的信息。 细节理解题命题方式 1. This article is particularly written for ...? 2. When the writer says … he really means ...? 3. The author’s attitude to… is that ...? 4. What kind of atmosphere does the writer want to create in this passage? 5. The writer regards… as ...? 6. The writer’s purpose in writing this story is... 题型归纳01 直接信息题 ( 直接信息题常出现在应用文的考题中，涉及的话题有：广告类、活动安排类、书籍或电影介绍类、演出信息类等。设问方式多为以 5W1H(what ， who ， when ， where ， why 和 how) 等开头的疑问句。 往往只考查文章中的个别事实，通常只涉及原文一两句话的信息。设置的题目比较直接，理解字面意思即可作答。该题型几乎都可以在文章中直接找到与答案有关的信息 ， 或是其变体。 采用 “先题后文法”： 带着问题找答案，即先从题干中提取关键性词，然后以此为线索，运用略读及寻读的技巧快速在文章中寻找与此关键词相关的段落、语句，快速定位该题与哪一段哪一句有关，然后仔细推敲，仔细比较所给选项与文中细节的细微区别，在准确理解细节的前提下，最后确定答案。 ) 典例1【2024新高考I卷】 HABITAT RESTORATION TEAM Help restore and protect Marin's natural areas from the Marin Headlands to Bolinas Ridge. We'll explore beautiful park sites while conducting invasive (侵入的) plant removal, winter planting, and seed collection. Habitat Restoration Team volunteers play a vital role in restoring sensitive resources and protecting endangered species across the ridges and valleys. GROUPS Groups of five or more require special arrangements and must be confirmed in advance. Please review the List of Available Projects and fill out the Group Project Request Form. AGE, SKILLS, WHAT TO BRING Volunteers aged 10 and over are welcome. Read our Youth Policy Guidelines for youth under the age of 15. Bring your completed Volunteer Agreement Form. Volunteers under the age of 18 must have the parent/guardian approval section signed. We'll be working rain or shine. Wear clothes that can get dirty. Bring layers for changing weather and a raincoat if necessary. Bring a personal water bottle, sunscreen, and lunch. No experience necessary. Training and tools will be provided. Fulfills (满足) community service requirements. UPCOMING EVENTS Time Meeting Location Sunday, Jan. 15 10:00 am — 1:00 pm Battery Alexander Trailhead Sunday, Jan. 22 10:00 am — 2:30 pm Stinson Beach Parking Lot Sunday, Jan. 29 9:30 am — 2:30 pm Coyote Ridge Trailhead 21. What is the aim of the Habitat Restoration Team? A. To discover mineral resources. B. To develop new wildlife parks. C. To protect the local ecosystem. D. To conduct biological research. 22. What is the lower age limit for joining the Habitat Restoration Team? A. 5. B. 10. C. 15. D. 18. 23. What are the volunteers expected to do? A. Bring their own tools. B. Work even in bad weather. C. Wear a team uniform. D. Do at least three projects. 语篇解读 主旨概要 本文是一篇应用文，介绍了一个生物栖息地修复工作队的工作内容和招募志愿者的相关信息和要求。 原文出处 选自Golden Gate National Parks Conservancy网 站一篇名为Habitat Restoration Team 的文章。 语言知识 重难单词 habitat n （ 动植物的 ）生活地，栖息地；restoration n 修复，恢复； restore v 修复，使复原；removal n 移除 ，移走，除去；endangered adj 濒临灭绝的， 濒危的； confirm v 确认； review v 查看，检查；guardian n 监护人；layer n 层 （ 此处代指 “ 衣服 ” ）；sunscreen n 防晒霜；upcoming adj 即将来临 / 发生的 重难词块 play a vital role in 在 ……中起着极其重要的作用；sensitive 敏感的 / 易受影响的； resources 需特别保护的资源； in advance 提前；fill out ... form 填写 …… 表； rain or shine [习语] 不论天气好坏，风雨无阻 【答案】21. C 22. B 23. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了参加保护当地生态系统的栖息地恢复小组的时间地点等相关细节。 【21题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Help restore and protect Marin’s natural areas from the Marin Headlands to Bolinas Ridge. We’ll explore beautiful park sites while conducting invasive (侵入的) plant removal, winter planting, and seed collection. Habitat Restoration Team volunteers play a vital role in restoring sensitive resources and protecting endangered species across the ridges and valleys. (帮助恢复和保护从马林海岬到波利纳斯岭的马林海的自然区域。我们将探索美丽的公园场地，同时进行入侵植物清除、冬季种植和种子收集。栖息地恢复小组的志愿者在恢复敏感资源和保护山脊和山谷中的濒危物种方面发挥着至关重要的作用)”可知，栖息地恢复小组的目的是保护当地生态系统。故选C项。 【22题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Volunteers aged 10 and over are welcome. (欢迎10岁及以上的志愿者)”可知，参加栖息地恢复小组的最低年龄限制是10岁。故选B项。 【23题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第五段“We’ll be working rain or shine. (我们将风雨无阻地工作)”可知，身为志愿者，即使天气不好也要工作。故选B项。 典例2【2024新高考全国II卷】 Choice of Walks for Beginner and Experienced Walkers The Carlow Autumn Walking Festival is a great opportunity for the beginner, experienced or advanced walker to enjoy the challenges of Carlow’s mountain hikes or the peace of its woodland walks. Walk 1 — The Natural World With environmentalist Éanna Lamhna as the guide, this walk promises to be an informative tour. Walkers are sure to learn lots about the habitats and natural world of the Blackstairs. Date and Time: Saturday, 1st October, at 09:00 Start Point: Scratoes Bridge Walk Duration: 6 hours Walk 2 — Introduction to Hillwalking Emmanuel Chappard, an experienced guide, has a passion for making the great outdoors accessible to all. This mountain walk provides an insight into the skills required for hillwalking to ensure you get the most from future walking trips. Date and Time: Sunday, 2nd October, at 09:00 Start Point: Deerpark Car Park Walk Duration: 5 hours Walk 3 — Moonlight Under the Stars Walking at night-time is a great way to step out of your comfort zone. Breathtaking views of the lowlands of Carlow can be enjoyed in the presence of welcoming guides from local walking clubs. A torch (手电筒) along with suitable clothing is essential for walking in the dark. Those who are dressed inappropriately will be refused permission to participate. Date and Time: Saturday, 1st October, at 18:30 Start Point: The Town Hall Walk Duration: 3 hours Walk 4 — Photographic Walk in Kilbrannish Forest This informative walk led by Richard Smyth introduces you to the basic principles of photography in the wild. Bring along your camera and enjoy the wonderful views along this well-surfaced forest path. Date and Time: Sunday, 2nd October, at 11:45 Start Point: Kilbrannish Forest Recreation Area Walk Duration: 1.5 hours 1. Which walk takes the shortest time? A. The Natural World. B. Introduction to Hillwalking. C. Moonlight Under the Stars. D. Photographic Walk in Kilbrannish Forest. 2. What are participants in Walk 3 required to do? A. Wear proper clothes. B. Join a walking club. C. Get special permits. D. Bring a survival guide. 3. What do the four walks have in common? A. They involve difficult climbing. B. They are for experienced walkers. C. They share the same start point. D. They are scheduled for the weekend. 语篇解读 主旨概要 本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍了 The CarlowAutumn Walking Festival 的四种徒步活动。 原文出处 选自兰 爱尔兰 Carlow 旅游官网。 https://carlowtourism.com/product-tag/saturday-7th-october-2023/ 语言知识 重难单词 beginner n 初学者，生手；experienced adj 有经验的，经验丰富的；advanced adj 高级的；environmentalist n 环保主义者；promise v [ 熟词生义] 有…… 的希望，有 …… 的可能；informative adj 提供有用信息的，增长见闻的；introduction n 初次体验；breathtaking adj 令人惊叹的；welcoming adj 热情的，友好的；essential adj 必不可少的，极其重要的；inappropriately adv 不合适地；participate v 参与，参加；introduce v [ 熟词生义] 使初次了解 / 尝试；photography n 摄影，摄影术；surface v [ 名词动化] 铺设（路面等） ） ； photographic adj 摄影的；permit n 许可证；schedule v [ 名词动化] 安排 重难词块 have a passion for … 对 ……热衷 / 酷爱；provide an insight into sth （使人）深入了解某事物；(be) accessible to sb 某人容易得到的；comfort zone 舒适区；in the presence of sb 当着某人的面；be essential for … 对 …… 必不可少的；introduce sb to sth 使某人初次体验某事物，向某人介绍某事物；a survival guide 求生指南 【答案】1. D 2. A 3. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了参加卡洛秋季徒步节的几种步行方案，及其日期、起点和步行时间等相关细节。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。通读全文，根据文章所给出的四种方案中的“Walk Duration (步行时间)”部分比较可知，“Walk 4 — Photographic Walk in Kilbrannish Forest (步行4——基尔布兰尼什森林摄影步行)”的步行时间是1.5小时，用时最短。故选D项。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章“Walk 3 — Moonlight Under the Stars (步行3——星光下的月光)”部分中的“Those who are dressed inappropriately will be refused permission to participate.(穿着不当的人将被拒绝参加)”可知，第三种步行方案的参与者需要穿合适的衣服。故选A项。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据四种步行方案中的“Date and Time (日期和时间)”部分比较可知，这四种方案都被安排在周末。故选D项。 典例3 【2024·浙江1月高考A篇片段】 Tom Sawyer Play Is an Adventure A 35-minute hand-clapping, foot-stomping musical version of a Mark Twain favorite returns with this Tall Stacks festival. “Tom Sawyer: A River Adventure” has all the good stuff, including the fence painting, the graveyard, the island and the cave. It is adapted by Joe McDonough, with music by David Kisor. That’s the local stage writing team that creates many of the Children’s Theatre of Cincinnati’s original musicals, along with the holiday family musicals at Ensemble Theatre. 21. Who wrote the music for “Tom Sawyer: A River Adventure”? A. David Kisor. B. Joe McDonough. C. Nathan Turner. D. Robbie McMath. 【答案】A 【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段中的“It is adapted by Joe McDonough, with music by David Kisor.(本剧由乔·麦克多诺改编，大卫·基索作曲。)”可知，本剧是由大卫·基索作曲的。故选A项。 【名校预测·第一题】（2025·浙江宁波·二模） Promote your leadership with Stanford LEAD, our flagship online program. Gain the skills and mind set to succeed in today’s complex world. What Is LEAD? Taught by the same world-renowned St an ford Graduate School of Business (GSB) staff who teach in our ma program, LEAD is a year-long experiential learning journey that enabled you to unlock your leadership potential. This highly flexible, adjustable, and action able program helps you build the leadership and innovation skills needed to drive change, solve real-world challenge, and achieve your personal and professional goals. Through Stanford GSB’ innovative and academically-thorough online curriculum, you’ll tackle your own real-world obstacle by integrating course concepts with daily business challengers. The program provided a unique opportunity to expand your perspective by exchanging ideas with an incredibly diverse global group of peers, while receiving personalized, practical feedback from Stanford GSB professors, course advisers, and classmate throughout your learning journey. Who Should Attend? ● Mid-or senior-level professionals committed to adopting creative strategies to advance organizations’ leadership. ● Engaged leaders passionate for developing management skills to better team performance. ● Emerging leaders focusing on up-levering their career path and master the foundations of impactful leadership. Application Process for Stanford LEAD The application process required you to complete three components: the online application, a short essay, and an online video interview. Fees & Payment Your program fee includes tuition and course materials. Fess are subject to change, as are programs, dates, and professors. Upon admission, payment details including an online payment link will be sent by email. Full payment confirms your admission. Payment is accepted by bank wire transfer or credit card. 1．What can we beam about LEAD? A．It offers on-campus coursed. B．It is a Stan ford ma program. C．It focuses on theoretical learning. D．It aims to improve leadership skills. 2．Who will apply for this program? A．New teachers. B．Retired professors. C．Graduating students. D．Ambitious managers. 3．What is stated about feds & Payment? A．Program feds might vary. B．feds exclude course materials. C．Cash payment is acceptable. D．Payment is due before application. 【答案】1．D 2．D 3．A 【导语】这是一篇应用文。本文是一篇关于斯坦福大学旗舰在线项目——LEAD的宣传文案。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段“Promote your leadership with Stanford LEAD, our flagship online program. Gain the skills and mind set to succeed in today’s complex world. (通过我们的旗舰在线项目Stanford LEAD提升您的领导力。掌握在当今复杂世界中取得成功的技能和心态。)”可知，Stanford LEAD旨在提高领导技能。故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据Who Should Attend?部分“Mid-or senior-level professionals committed to adopting creative strategies to advance organizations’ leadership. (致力于采用创造性策略提升组织领导力的中高层专业人士。)”和“Engaged leaders passionate for developing management skills to better team performance. (致力于发展管理技能以提高团队绩效的敬业领导者。)”以及“Emerging leaders focusing on up-levering their career path and master the foundations of impactful leadership. (新兴领导者专注于提升自己的职业道路，掌握有影响力的领导力的基础。)”可知，有抱负的管理者会申请这个项目。故选D。 3．细节理解题。根据Fees & Payment部分“Fees are subject to change, as are programs, dates, and professors. (费用可能会发生变化，课程、日期和教授也是如此。)”可知，关于费用和支付，说明了项目费用可能会有所不同。故选A。 【名校预测·第二题】（2025·江苏盐城·模拟预测） In a growing number of schools, educators believe that having students take part by starting with practical problems is a great motivator. Project-based learning that freely crosses disciplines provides an education superior to the traditional “maths at age nine, history at ten, literature at eleven” structure. Examples of projects applicable to the here and now are as follows: Soil Superheroes Project King Middle School, Maine African Wildlife DNA Project High Tech High, California Seventh graders learn about soil bacteria by creating multimedia information brochures. They consult professional microbiologists and cartoonists, conduct research, and then distribute their works to local garden centers and flower shops. An eleventh grade biology class uses DNA to help protect African wildlife. The students share their findings with wildlife -protection officials and have traveled to Tanzania to lead bushmeat-identification workshops. Water Wheel Project Ferryway School, Massachusetts Bridge Project Kentucky Elementary School, Ohio Fifth-graders explore history, science, technology, and engineering by designing their own water wheels. By the time they visit the nearby Saugus Iron Works, which dates back to the 1640s, they’ve already tested and mastered the centuries-old technology. Students conduct surveys, do research, build models and take field trips with the goal of determining the best kind of new bridge to build over the Ohio River. Students don’t restrict themselves to one discipline but rather look into maths, literature, history, science-whatever is appropriate to the study. 4．What is the characteristic of project-based learning? A．Following strict disciplines. B．Engaging in real-world issues. C．Starting subjects at different ages. D．Adopting teacher-centered class modes. 5．Which project includes a field trip to a historic site? A．Soil Superheroes Project. B．African Wildlife DNA Project. C．Water Wheel Project. D．Bridge Project. 6．What is highlighted in Bridge Project? A．Convenience. B．Integration. C．Efficiency. D．Popularity. 【答案】4．B 5．C 6．B 【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四个项目式学习的情况。 4．细节理解题。根据第一段“In a growing number of schools, educators believe that having students take part by starting with practical problems is a great motivator. Project-based learning that freely crosses disciplines provides an education superior to the traditional “maths at age nine, history at ten, literature at eleven” structure.(在越来越多的学校里，教育工作者相信让学生从实际问题开始参与是一个很大的动力。以项目为基础的自由跨学科学习提供了优于传统“9岁数学，10岁历史，11岁文学”结构的教育)”可知，项目式学习的特点是涉及实际问题。故选B。 5．细节理解题。根据Water Wheel Project部分中“By the time they visit the nearby Saugus Iron Works, which dates back to the 1640s, they’ve already tested and mastered the centuries-old technology.(当他们参观附近可追溯到17世纪40年代的索格斯钢铁厂时，他们已经测试并掌握了这项有数百年历史的技术)”可知，Water Wheel Project包括对历史遗迹的实地考察。故选C。 6．细节理解题。根据Bridge Project部分中“Students don’t restrict themselves to one discipline but rather look into maths, literature, history, science-whatever is appropriate to the study.(学生们不局限于一门学科，而是研究数学、文学、历史、科学——任何适合学习的学科)”可知，桥梁项目中突出的是融合。故选B。 【名校预测·第三题】（2025·河北·模拟预测） School’s Annual Theatrical Show The much-anticipated annual theatrical show in AMNS International School is just around the corner. This year’s show features diverse storytelling and the incredible talents of our students. Performance Line-Up The show will open with a lively musical medley (联唱) that travels through different decades of musical theater history. From the jazz-inspired numbers of the 1920s to the rock-influenced songs of the modern era, this medley is sure to get the audience’s toes tapping. Following the musical opening, there will be a series of one-act plays. The Little Match Girl will be reimagined in a modern-day urban setting, highlighting the theme of hope. Another play, A Meeting of Minds, is a fictionalized account of a conversation between famous historical figures, exploring their different viewpoints on art, science, and society. New Additions For the first time, the show will include freestyle theater. Students from the drama club will take on audience-suggested themes and create instant performances right on the spot. This addition aims to show the students’ quick-thinking abilities and their talent for on-the-fly creativity. Technical Aspects The technical crew has been working hard to ensure a smooth show. State-of-the-art lighting will be used to create the perfect mood for each performance. The sound system has been upgraded to provide crystal-clear audio (音频), whether it’s the soft whispers of the actors or the powerful notes of a musical number. Show Schedule The show will be held in the school’s main auditorium (礼堂) on April 20th and 21st. There will be three shows each day: at 10:00 a. m., 2:00 p. m., and 7:00 p. m. 7．What can we expect from the opening performance of the annual theatrical show? A．A reimagined classic play. B．A series of one-act plays. C．A musical journey through different eras. D．A conversation between historical figures. 8．What is special about the freestyle theater in this year’s show? A．It is performed by different clubs. B．It involves audience participation. C．It is based on well-known fiction. D．It will be the closing act of the show. 9．Why have the lighting and sound system been upgraded? A．To reduce electricity expenses. B．To test the latest audio technology. C．To make the auditorium more decorative. D．To improve the effect of the performances. 【答案】7．C 8．B 9．D 【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了AMNS国际学校新的年度戏剧表演。 7．细节理解题。根据 Performance Line-Up部分第一段中“The show will open with a lively musical medley (联唱) that travels through different decades of musical theater history. From the jazz-inspired numbers of the 1920s to the rock-influenced songs of the modern era (这场演出将以一段活力四射的音乐联唱开场，带领观众穿越音乐剧历史的不同年代，从 20 世纪 20 年代受爵士乐启发的曲目，到现代受摇滚乐影响的歌曲)”可知，开场表演是一场穿越不同时代的音乐之旅。故选C。 8．细节理解题。根据 New Additions 部分中“For the first time, the show will include freestyle theater. Students from the drama club will take on audience-suggested themes and create instant performances right on the spot. (此次演出将首次纳入即兴戏剧表演。戏剧社的学生们将根据观众提出的主题，当场进行即兴创作表演。)”可知，即兴戏剧的特别之处在于观众参与。故选B。 9．推理判断题。根据Technical Aspects部分中“The technical crew has been working hard to ensure a smooth show. State-of-the-art lighting will be used to create the perfect mood for each performance. The sound system has been upgraded to provide crystal-clear audio (音频), whether it’s the soft whispers of the actors or the powerful notes of a musical number. (技术团队一直在努力工作，以确保演出顺利进行。演出将采用最先进的灯光设备，为每一场表演营造出完美的氛围。音响系统也已升级，无论是演员轻柔的低语，还是音乐剧中激昂的音符，都能呈现出清晰透彻的音效。)”可知，灯光和音响系统的升级是为了增强演出效果。故选D。 【名师押题·第一题】 Tiny Forest Initiative ：Transforming Urban Landscapes Tiny Forest is a small forest, which fits into the size of a tennis court and can help restore ecosystems, is a method created by Indian engineer Shubhendu Sharma, based on the method of Japanese Akira Miyawaki to restore natural and native forests. IVN Environmental Education in the Netherlands has invited this engineer to come and plant the first Tiny Forest in Europe. Ecological Impact ·Supports 900+ plant and animal species ·Stores 250kg CO2 annually ·Reduces urban heat island effect ·Provides natural learning environments Current Expansion ·150 schools in the Netherlands have Tiny Forests ·65+ garden owners have created personal Tiny Forests ·Targeting 500 new urban locations by 2026 ·Concept spread to 9 additional European countries Planting Method ·Soil testing and selection of native plant species ·Soil preparation with focus on nutrition and drainage ·Community planting with 600 native trees on 200m² ·Requires 2-3 years of maintenance before becoming self-sustaining Social Value ·Reconnects children and communities with nature ·Promotes environmental education and engagement Municipalities, schools, and community organizations are invited to participate in our comprehensive Tiny Forest training and implementation program. We’re not just planting trees—we’re rebuilding ecosystems and reconnecting communities with nature. Grow with us. Transform Your Community, One Tiny Forest at a Time. Contact: IVN Environmental Education Press Relations Department press@ivnenironment. org Registration & Information: www. tinyforest.org 10．What is the initial purpose of the Initiative? A．To facilitate the forest recovery. B．To expand the local ecosystem. C．To provide wildlife with shelter. D．To cool the urban environment. 11．Which is not required in the planting guideline? A．Soil quality. B．Planting date. C．Plant source. D．Care duration. 12．What will the children benefit from the Initiative? A．Grow with the forest. B．Earn a brighter future. C．Gain more access to nature. D．Better the community sense. 【答案】10．A 11．B 12．C 【导语】这是一篇应用文。Tiny Forest Initiative通过建造小型森林恢复生态，介绍其生态影响、种植方法、社会价值及参与方式。 10．推理判断题。根据第一段“Tiny Forest is a small forest, which fits into the size of a tennis court and can help restore ecosystems, is a method created by Indian engineer Shubhendu Sharma, based on the method of Japanese Akira Miyawaki to restore natural and native forests.(微型森林是一片小森林，面积相当于一个网球场大小，能够帮助恢复生态系统。这是印度工程师舒本杜・夏尔马创造的一种方法，基于日本的宫胁昭恢复自然和本土森林的方法。)”可知，该倡议最初的目的是促进森林恢复。故选A。 11．细节理解题。根据Planting Method部分“・Soil testing and selection of native plant species(土壤测试和本土植物物种的选择)”可知，涉及土壤质量（Soil quality）和植物来源（Plant source）；“・Soil preparation with focus on nutrition and drainage(注重营养和排水的土壤准备)”也与土壤质量相关；“・Requires 2-3 years of maintenance before becoming self-sustaining(在实现自我维持之前需要2到3年的维护)”涉及了维护时长（Care duration）。而文中未提及种植日期（Planting date）。故选B。 12．细节理解题。根据Social Value部分“・Reconnects children and communities with nature(让儿童和社区重新与自然建立联系)”可知，孩子们从这个倡议中能够更多地接触自然。故选C。 【名师押题·第二题】 Kansas has wonderful State Parks filled with beautiful landscapes, outdoor activities, trails (i),watersports, and camping! Flint Hills Trail State Park The Flint Hills rails-to-trails track was originally a Missouri Pacific Railroad line built in the late 1800s that ran from Kansas City to Pueblo, Colorado. The Rails-to-Trails Conservancy (E F/) set the railroad land aside in 1995 to keep it for possible future train use. Great for: biking, birding, cycling, horseback riding, side-trip exploration Lehigh Portland State Park Lehigh Portland State Park is the product of a years-long project led by Thrive Allen County. It sits on the site of a former cement plant (水泥厂) with the area now being a natural reserve. Great for: hiking, running, mountain biking, wildlife watching, photography Webster State Park A sandy beach awaits visitors seeking an escape on Webster Lake among rolling hills and spacious skies. The park’s Coyote Trail is a 3-mile nature trail with 33 stations. It’s the only State Park in Kansas that offers a Pickleball Court! Great for: pickleball, boating, hiking, fishing Wilson State Park Set in the scenic Smoky Hills region of Kansas, Wilson State Park provides convenient access to one of the state’s greatest water recreation areas. The Switchgrass Mountain Bike Trail is a 24.5-mile trail located in the Hell Creek Area of the state park. Great for: fishing, wildlife watching, mountain biking, hunting, photography 13．What happened to the Missouri Pacific Railroad land in 1995? A．It was reserved for future use. B．It was developed by two departments. C．It was sold by the government. D．It was extended beyond its original area. 14．Which park was transformed from an industrial site? A．Webster State Park. B．Wilson State Park. C．Flint Hills Trail State Park. D．Lehigh Portland State Park. 15．What do Webster State Park and Wilson State Park have in common? A．They are in the scenic Smoky Hills. B．They have long mountain biking routes. C．They support water-related activities. D．They offer visitors courts for ball games. 【答案】13．A 14．D 15．C 【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四个公园的情况。 13．细节理解题。根据Flint Hills Trail State Park部分“The Rails-to-Trails Conservancy (E F/) set the railroad land aside in 1995 to keep it for possible future train use.(铁路到步道保护协会（E - F/）于1995年将铁路用地搁置一边，以保留其用于未来可能的火车使用)”可知，1995年密苏里太平洋铁路公司的土地留作将来使用。故选A。 14．细节理解题。根据Lehigh Portland State Park部分“It sits on the site of a former cement plant (水泥厂) with the area now being a natural reserve.(它坐落在一个水泥厂的旧址上，现在该地区是一个自然保护区)”可知，Lehigh Portland State Park是由工业基地改造而成的。故选D。 15．细节理解题。根据Webster State Park部分“Great for: pickleball, boating, hiking, fishing(适合：匹克球，划船，远足，钓鱼)”以及Wilson State Park部分“Great for: fishing, wildlife watching, mountain biking, hunting, photography(适合：钓鱼，野生动物观赏，山地自行车，狩猎，摄影)”可知，韦伯斯特州立公园和威尔逊州立公园得到共同之处是都支持与水有关的活动。故选C。 【名师押题·第三题】 When handball was introduced to Sri Lankan schools in 2010, I wanted to bring it to my school, St Anthony’s, in the remote village of Wasalakotte. This became a challenging task as the sports teacher was unwilling to initiate anything other than traditional sports, such as cricket and rugby. However, I decided to start this game. Handball is a fascinating (有吸引力的) game which combines speed, technical precision, skill and teamwork. The boys were immediately interested and 40 students aged between 13 and 19 signed up to play. And I had the support of their parents. Heshan Pradeep, a St Anthony’s graduate who was a member of the Air Force handball team, volunteered to coach the team. Although handball is an indoor game, we trained outdoors as our school had limited facilities. “It will ruin their studies!” complained some of the teachers. But I managed to get the game going. After three months of hard training, we were able to send an under-19s boys’ team to compete with 50 other schools at the first three-day, all-island school handball tournament held in Colombo — the country’s most populous city. Our boys played remarkably well and reached the final. And that was when the real game started. Students, parents, teachers and old boys from Colombo schools joined forces against us, saying they wouldn’t allow the cup to be taken out of Colombo. Some Colombo students waved leaves and danced and sang their songs to intimidate our boys. Even the referees (裁判) favored the Colombo schools. Defeated, the boys fell to the ground, sad and disappointed. A few weeks after the defeat, I turned to Vonho, Heshan’s coach. Vonho agreed to coach the team in his free time. The following year, the boys claimed the victory they deserved. 16．Why was it hard to start handball in St. Anthony’s? A．The school lacked facilities. B．The teachers were opposed to it. C．The parents were resistant to it. D．The students showed no interest. 17．What can we say about the team’s first show? A．It won the referees’ favor for the team. B．It attracted more members for the team. C．It helped the team join the tournament. D．It demonstrated the team’s competitiveness. 18．Which of the following can replace the underlined word “intimidate” in paragraph 5? A．Discourage. B．Entertain. C．Misjudge. D．Welcome. 19．Which of the following best describes the author? A．Warm-hearted and generous. B．Active and modest. C．Determined and supportive. D．Athletic and humorous. 【答案】16．B 17．D 18．A 19．C 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者组织学校的学生进行手球比赛的经历。 16．细节理解题。根据第一段“This became a challenging task as the sports teacher was unwilling to initiate anything other than traditional sports, such as cricket and rugby.(这成为一项具有挑战性的任务，因为体育老师不愿意发起传统运动，比如板球和橄榄球)”可知，在圣安东尼开始手球很难是因为老师们反对。故选B。 17．细节理解题。根据第四段“After three months of hard training, we were able to send an under-19s boys’ team to compete with 50 other schools at the first three-day, all-island school handball tournament held in Colombo — the country’s most populous city. Our boys played remarkably well and reached the final.(经过三个月的艰苦训练，我们派出了一支19岁以下的男子球队，参加在斯里兰卡人口最多的城市科伦坡举行的为期三天的全岛学校手球锦标赛，与其他50所学校竞争。我们的男孩比赛得非常好，进入了决赛)”可知，这个团队的首场比赛展示了团队的竞争力。故选D。 18．词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“Some Colombo students waved leaves and danced and sang their songs to(一些科伦坡学生挥舞着树叶，载歌载舞)”以及后文“Even the referees (裁判) favored the Colombo schools. Defeated, the boys fell to the ground, sad and disappointed.(甚至裁判也支持科伦坡的学校。男孩们失败了，倒在地上，又伤心又失望)”可知，一些科伦坡学生挥舞着树叶，载歌载舞，是为了让作者的队员沮丧，故划线词意思是“阻止”。故选A。 19．推理判断题。根据第二段“The boys were immediately interested and 40 students aged between 13 and 19 signed up to play. And I had the support of their parents.(男孩们立刻就感兴趣了，40名年龄在13岁到19岁之间的学生报名参加了比赛。我得到了他们父母的支持)”以及第三段““It will ruin their studies!” complained some of the teachers. But I managed to get the game going.(“这会毁了他们的学业！”一些老师抱怨道。但我还是让游戏继续下去了)”可知，作者对比赛坚定，且对队友支持。故选C。 题型归纳02 间接信息题 ( 间接信息题的特点是试题 题干或选项中的关键词语通常使用同义词或近义词甚至反义词来替换 文中的相关细节。常在记叙文、说明文或议论文中考查，应用文中偶尔也有考查。 采用 “同义转换法”： 寻找与题目相关的线索，不一定是题干中的原词。可以是 近义词、同义词、原词甚至是反义词 ， 也可以是具体的数字、日期、地点或作者的观点、态度等 。 , 例如 , 使用 fortnight 对文中的 two weeks 进行同义转换。 在阅读时，应当使用下划线、标记符号等方式，将文章中的关键信息和细节部分标注出来。 ) 典例1【2024新高考I卷B篇】 “I am not crazy,” says Dr. William Farber, shortly after performing acupuncture (针灸) on a rabbit. “I am ahead of my time.” If he seems a little defensive, it might be because even some of his coworkers occasionally laugh at his unusual methods. But Farber is certain he’ll have the last laugh. He’s one of a small but growing number of American veterinarians (兽医) now practicing “holistic” medicine-combining traditional Western treatments with acupuncture, chiropractic (按摩疗法) and herbal medicine. Farber, a graduate of Colorado State University, started out as a more conventional veterinarian. He became interested in alternative treatments 20 years ago when he suffered from terrible back pain. He tried muscle-relaxing drugs but found little relief. Then he tried acupuncture, an ancient Chinese practice, and was amazed that he improved after two or three treatments. What worked on a veterinarian seemed likely to work on his patients. So, after studying the techniques for a couple of years, he began offering them to pets. Leigh Tindale’s dog Charlie had a serious heart condition. After Charlie had a heart attack, Tindale says, she was prepared to put him to sleep, but Farber’s treatments eased her dog’s suffering so much that she was able to keep him alive for an additional five months. And Priscilla Dewing reports that her horse, Nappy, “moves more easily and rides more comfortably” after a chiropractic adjustment. Farber is certain that the holistic approach will grow more popular with time, and if the past is any indication, he may be right: Since 1982, membership in the American Holistic Veterinary Medical Association has grown from 30 to over 700. “Sometimes it surprises me that it works so well,” he says. “I will do anything to help an animal. That’s my job.” 24. What do some of Farber’s coworkers think of him? A. He’s odd. B. He’s strict. C. He’s brave. D. He’s rude. 25. Why did Farber decide to try acupuncture on pets? A. He was trained in it at university. B. He was inspired by another veterinarian. C. He benefited from it as a patient. D. He wanted to save money for pet owners. 语篇解读 主旨概要 本文是一篇夹叙夹议文，讲述了威廉·法伯博士在兽医界使用针灸和其他非传统治疗方法治疗动物的经历。文章通过他的个人经历、对针灸的看法以及治疗效果的实例，展示了整体医学（holistic medicine）在兽医领域的潜力和应用。 原文出处 本 文 节 选 自 美 国 兽 医 院 VCA West Los Angeles Animal Hospital 的网站 https://vcahospitals.com/west-los-angeles/primary/team/william-farber 语言知识 重难单词 defensive adj 存有戒心的；occasionally adv 偶尔，有时； practice v 实行， 奉行/ n 惯常做法；holistic adj [医学术语] 功能整体性的（holistic medicine 整体医学）；graduate n （大学）毕业生；conventional adj 传统的； relief n （痛苦等的 ）减轻；condition n 疾病；ease v（使）减轻；suffering n 疼痛 ； approach n 方法；indication n 迹象；membership n 会员数；advocate v 提倡 重难词块 ahead of one’s time（ 观念 ） 超前；have the last laugh 笑到最后， 取得最后胜利；herbal medicine 草药疗法；start out as 起初是（ 某身份）；an alternative treatment 替代疗法；a heart condition 心脏病；put ... to sleep给（患病动物）实施安乐死 【答案】24. A 25. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是记叙文。文章讲述兽医威廉·法伯(William Farber)博士在从针灸中受益后，将综合医疗应用于动物，并取得了初步成效。 【24题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段的“If he seems a little defensive, it might be because even some of his coworkers occasionally laugh at his unusual methods.( 如果他看起来有点戒备的姿态，那可能是因为他的一些同事偶尔会嘲笑他不寻常的方法。) ”可知，Farber的同事们有时会嘲笑他不寻常的方法，他们认为他很奇怪。故选A。 【25题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段的“Then he tried acupuncture, an ancient Chinese practice, and was amazed that he improved after two or three treatments. What worked on a veterinarian seemed likely to work on his patients. So, after studying the techniques for a couple of years, he began offering them to pets.(然后，他尝试了针灸，这是一种古老的中国疗法，并惊讶地发现，经过两三次治疗，他的病情有所好转。对兽医有效的方法似乎对他的病人也有效。因此，在研究了这些技术几年后，他开始把它们提供给宠物。)”可知，Farber作为患者从针灸中受益，这促使他决定尝试在宠物上使用针灸。故选C。 典例2【2024新高考II卷B篇】 Do you ever get to the train station and realize you forgot to bring something to read? Yes, we all have our phones, but many of us still like to go old school and read something printed. Well, there’s a kiosk (小亭) for that. In the San Francisco Bay Area, at least. “You enter the fare gates (检票口) and you’ll see a kiosk that is lit up and it tells you can get a one-minute, a three-minute, or a five-minute story,” says Alicia Trost, the chief communications officer for the San Francisco Bay Area Rapid Transit — known as BART. “You choose which length you want and it gives you a receipt-like short story.” It’s that simple. Riders have printed nearly 20,000 short stories and poems since the program was launched last March. Some are classic short stories, and some are new original works. Trost also wants to introduce local writers to local riders. “We wanted to do something where we do a call to artists in the Bay Area to submit stories for a contest,” Trost says. “And as of right now, we’ve received about 120 submissions. The winning stories would go into our kiosk and then you would be a published artist.” Ridership on transit (交通) systems across the country has been down the past half century, so could short stories save transit? Trost thinks so. “At the end of the day all transit agencies right now are doing everything they can to improve the rider experience. So I absolutely think we will get more riders just because of short stories,” she says. And you’ll never be without something to read. 5. How are the stories categorized in the kiosk? A. By popularity. B. By length. C. By theme. D. By language. 6. What has Trost been doing recently? A. Organizing a story contest. B. Doing a survey of customers. C. Choosing a print publisher. D. Conducting interviews with artists. 7. What is Trost’s opinion about BART’s future? A. It will close down. B. Its profits will decline. C. It will expand nationwide. D. Its ridership will increase. 语篇解读 主旨概要 本文是一篇夹叙夹议文，主要讲述了旧金山湾区BART交通系统在火车站设置自动售货机，提供一到五分钟短篇故事打印服务，以提升乘客体验。 原文出处 选自（ 全国公共广播电台（NPR ）2022 年 年 6 月 月 9 日名为 San Francisco’s transit system is dispensing short stories to commuters 的文章 语言知识 重难单词 old school adj 传统的；chief adj [ 熟词生义] 首席的；length n 长度；launch v 发起；classic adj 经典的；original adj [ 熟词生义] 原创的；call n [ 熟词生义] 请求，呼吁；submit v 提交 ；submission n 提交 （物）； ridership n 量 客流量（rider + -ship）； agency n 机构；局； absolutely adv 完全地；discourage v 阻止（dis- + courage）；running costs n 运营成本； categorize v 将 …… 分类（category + -ize）；popularity n 受欢迎（popular+ -ity）；theme n 主题；publisher n 出版商；profit n 利润 ； decline v 减少；expand v 扩张；nationwide adv 在全国 重难词块 at least 至少；light up 照亮；as of 到 …… 为止；meet a need 满足需要； conduct an interview 进行采访； close down 关闭 ，停业 长难句分析 We wanted to do something where we do a call to artists in the BayArea to submit stories for a contest. 句意为：我们想要做一些事情，即向湾区的艺术家发起呼吁，让他们提交故事参 加比赛。 本句为主从复合句，主干是：We wanted to do something ；where 引导定语从句，修饰先行词 something，说明其具体内容，即发起一个呼吁。不定式短语 to submit stories for a contest 作目的状语，说明发起呼吁的目的，即让艺术家提交故事参加比赛。 【答案】 5. B 6. A 7. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。主要报道了旧金山湾区捷运系统(BART)推出自动售货亭提供短篇故事打印服务，旨在满足乘客阅读需求，提升出行体验，Trost认为此举措能吸引更多乘客，对BART的未来持乐观态度，预期乘客量将会增长。 细节理解题。根据第三段“You choose which length you want and it gives you a receipt-like short story.(你可以选择你想要的长度，它会给你一个类似收据的短篇故事)”可知，信息亭中的故事按长度分类，乘客可以根据自己的需求选择不同长度的故事。故选B项。 【6题详解】 细节理解题。根据第五段“We wanted to do something where we do a call to artists in the Bay Area to submit stories for a contest,(我们想做一些事情，呼吁湾区的艺术家为比赛提交故事)”以及第六段“The winning stories would go into our kiosk and then you would be a published artist.(获奖故事会进入我们的书报亭，然后你就会成为一名出版艺术家)”可知，Trost最近在组织一个故事竞赛，向湾区的艺术家征集故事，获胜作品将被放入书报亭供乘客阅读。故选A项。 【7题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段““At the end of the day all transit agencies right now are doing everything they can to improve the rider experience. So I absolutely think we will get more riders just because of short stories,” she says.(她说：“归根结底，所有的交通机构现在都在尽一切努力改善乘客体验。所以我绝对认为，我们会因为短篇小说而吸引更多的乘客。”)”可知，Trost认为通过提升乘客体验，包括提供短篇故事阅读服务，BART可以吸引更多的乘客，乘客量将会增加。故选D项。 典例3【2024·浙江1月高考B篇片段】 As I rushed outdoors to empty the wastepaper baskets, the door swung shut behind me. Suddenly I was locked outside. My mobile phone was inside, but luckily there was a telephone box across the street. So, I called Directory Assistance, got put through to our landlady’s managing agent, and had a spare key sent to me with just enough time to get back in before the actors arrived. 25. Why did the author use the telephone box in 2006? A. To place an urgent call. B. To put up a notice. C. To shelter from the rain. D. To hold an audition. 【答案】A 【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段第四句“So, I called Directory Assistance, got put through to our landlady’s managing agent, and had a spare key sent to me with just enough time to get back in before the actors arrived.(所以，我打电话给电话查号台，接通了女房东的经纪人，他们给了我一把备用钥匙，刚好来得及在演员们到来之前回去。)”可知，作者在2006年使用电话亭是为了拨打紧急电话。故选A。 【名校预测·第一题】（2025·福建莆田·二模） In a snowbound forest where shadows stretched like skeletal fingers, a cunning fox named Vixen and a brutish wolf named Ragnar forged a tense alliance. Bound by necessity rather than loyalty, Vixen served as Ragnar’s reluctant subordinate, her wit often sparing them both from ruin. Yet Ragnar’s greed and arrogance sowed the seeds of their downfall. One frigid morning, Ragnar snarled, “Fetch me food, or I’ll make a meal of you.” Vixen, her paws nimble on the ice, led him to a farm where lambs frolicked in a pen. She slipped through a gap, returned with a bleating lamb, and vanished into the trees. Ragnar devoured it, but his hunger remained. “More!” he demanded, charging into the pen himself. His clumsy attack alerted the farmer, who beat him senseless with a pitchfork. Limping back, Ragnar roared, “You betrayed me!” Vixen smirked, “You betrayed your own greed.” The next day, Ragnar’s wounds festered, but his appetite raged. “Steal bread from the village,” he ordered. Vixen complied, returning with six golden pancakes. Ragnar wolfed them down, then greedily raided the pantry, smashing dishes and triggering a commotion. The farmer’s wife emerged, club in hand, and Ragnar fled with a fractured rib. “Why did you let me fall?” he howled. Vixen replied, “Why did you not stop?” On the third day, Ragnar’s strength ebbed, yet his gluttony burned brighter. “The butcher’s cellar holds salted meat,” Vixen said, her voice honeyed. They slithered into the cellar, where Ragnar gorged until his belly bulged. Meanwhile, Vixen paced, testing the exit’s width. “Why skulk about?” Ragnar grumbled. “Guarding our escape,” she lied. As dawn broke, the farmer descended the stairs. Vixen darted through the hole, but Ragnar, swollen with meat, became wedged. The farmer’s axe fell once, twice — silence. Vixen watched from the shadows, then padded into the woods, whispering, “A fool’s end is a fox’s triumph.” 1．What trait leads to Ragnar’s downfall? A．His inability to adapt to harsh environments. B．His excessive greed and lack of self-control. C．His reliance on Vixen’s intelligence. D．His fear of humans. 2．Why does Vixen test the exit’s width during the third heist? A．To ensure Ragnar can escape quickly. B．To confirm her own escape route. C．To delay the farmer’s arrival. D．To distract Ragnar from overeating. 【答案】1．B 2．B 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了在一片白雪皑皑的森林里，阴影像骨瘦如峋的手指一样伸展，狡猾的狐狸维克森和凶猛的狼拉格纳结成了紧张的联盟。狐狸寻找猎物十分谨慎，但是拉格纳却太过贪婪，最终丢掉了性命。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段“Yet Ragnar’s greed and arrogance sowed the seeds of their downfall.(然而，拉格纳的贪婪和傲慢为他们的垮台埋下了种子)”以及第二段“Ragnar devoured it, but his hunger remained. “More!” he demanded, charging into the pen himself.(拉格纳吞掉了它，但他的饥饿感依然存在。“更多！”他要求道，自己也冲进了羊圈)”可知，过度贪婪和缺乏自制力导致了拉格纳的垮台。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Meanwhile, Vixen paced, testing the exit’s width. “Why skulk about?” Ragnar grumbled. “Guarding our escape,” she lied.(与此同时，维克森在踱步，测试出口的宽度。“干吗鬼鬼祟祟的？” 拉格纳咕哝道。“守着我们的路，”她撒谎说)”以及最后一段“As dawn broke, the farmer descended the stairs. Vixen darted through the hole, but Ragnar, swollen with meat, became wedged.(天一亮，农夫走下楼梯。维克森从洞里冲了出去，但被肉弄得肿胀的拉格纳却被卡住了)”可知，维克森要在第三次抢劫时测试出口的宽度是为了确认她自己的逃生路线。故选B。 【名校预测·第二题】（2025·河北石家庄·二模） Like a lot of Canadians, Andrew Suboch grew up knowing little about Canada’s national game — lacrosse(曲棍球), other than watching some neighbours pass a ball using old wooden sticks. It was only when his two children started playing the game as part of their training for hockey (冰球) that he took much notice. His son, Jack, went on to excel at lacrosse and he now plays for the Vancouver Warriors of the National Lacrosse League. Both children came up through the Mimico Minor Lacrosse organization, in the Toronto area, which has been around since 1890. When the number of players in the kids’ league began falling in 2014, Mr. Suboch, who is a personal injury lawyer in Toronto, volunteered to step in. He offered to sponsor the “Baby Peanut” program, which introduced children ages 3 and 4 to the game. Thanks to his sponsorship, more than 100 children play for free each spring for eight weeks. They spend an hour every Saturday learning the game and every player is given a lightweight stick and a shirt. “They are taught to catch, throw, pass and shoot in a non-contact environment,” he said. “You get them running around. Get them away from the screen. It is our national game, so you get them exposed. And sure enough, they caught on.” To fund the program, Mr. Suboch came up with a novel idea. He started searching his neighbourhood for used appliances, metal and electronic items, such as computers and cellphones. He sorted the material and sold it to a local recycling centre. “Word has gotten out, so people now will give me their used electronics and metal stuff,” he said. The recycling effort raises around $20,000 annually, which covers the cost of the lacrosse program. Mr. Suboch said watching the kids play has given him a lot of satisfaction and joy. Not only is far less junk going to landfill sites, he said, but “we’ve also got kids who are not in front of a screen.” 1．Why did Andrew start sponsoring the “Baby Peanut” program? A．His son asked him to support the game. B．The kids’ league faced declining participation. C．He wanted to promote his own law firm. D．He hoped to popularize a hockey organization. 2．How did Andrew obtain funds for the lacrosse program? A．By organizing charity matches. B．By collecting and selling used items. C．By charging participation fees. D．By raising money from the community. 3．What can we learn about the program’s impact? A．It reduced screen time for children. B．It increased waste sent to landfills. C．It made lacrosse popular worldwide. D．It created jobs for the local residents. 【答案】1．B 2．B 3．A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了多伦多律师Andrew Suboch通过赞助儿童曲棍球项目Baby Peanut并创新回收筹款方式，既推广了加拿大国球运动，又减少了儿童屏幕时间的故事。 1．细节理解题。 根据文章第三段中When the number of players...began falling in 2014, Mr. Suboch...volunteered to step in(2014年当儿童联赛参与人数开始下降时，Suboch先生自愿介入)”可知，赞助直接原因是儿童联赛参与率下降。故选B。 2．细节理解题。 根据文章第五段中“He started searching his neighbourhood for used appliances, metal and electronic items, such as computers and cellphones. He sorted the material and sold it to a local recycling centre. “Word has gotten out, so people now will give me their used electronics and metal stuff,” he said. The recycling effort raises around $20,000 annually, which covers the cost of the lacrosse program.(他开始搜索自己的附近，寻找二手电器，金属和电子产品，例如计算机和手机。他对材料进行了分类，并将其卖给了当地的回收中心。他说：“消息已经出来了，所以人们现在会给我他们二手的电子和金属东西。”回收工作每年筹集约20,000美元，涵盖了曲棍网兜球计划的成本。)”可知，资金来源于回收物品。故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据文章最后一段中“we’ve got kids who are not in front of a screen(孩子们不再盯着屏幕)”可知，项目显著减少了儿童屏幕时间。故选A。 【名校预测·第三题】（2025·湖南·二模） From sleeping in a spider-covered tent a mile up an Amazonian cliff face to completing one of the classic outdoor “lifetime” challenges in the space of a few months, Anna Taylor is making a name for herself in the adventure community. Still just 24, the climber is also a great advocate of British expeditions. “The UK is actually really good for these things.” says Taylor, who in 2021 became the first woman to complete a self-powered round of the 83 routes that feature in the celebrated climbing book Classic Rock. “It can be underestimated compared to exotic (异国风情的) places, but if you get creative, it’s as good as anywhere.” she says. “The Classic Rock challenge is the kind of thing people try to finish during their lives, a bit like walking the Wainwrights, but I doubted the capability to make it in summer. It was amazing and opened my eyes to UK climbing. I didn’t realize how challenging cycle touring would be with so much equipment. But it’s a great way to appreciate the landscape, and completing a long ride is as satisfying as getting to the top of a route. “Taylor explored a huge amount of the country in the process. She then completed another self-powered round, climbing the 100 routes detailed in the guide Mountain Rock. “It is really a physical challenge,” Taylor says. Having come to the attention of one of the UK’s top adventurers, Leo Houlding. Taylor also went on a trip to the Guyanese Amazon to scale the giant Mount Roraima. “We were in the jungle for a month,” she recalls. “That was incredible and pretty scary sleeping there at first, especially with huge spiders walking across your tent!” Taylor thrives on the physical and mental challenges of climbing. “It’s all about keeping your head under control,” she explains. “You practice with a safety rope, and then it’s about making the commitment of doing it without one.” 1．What has made Taylor famous in the adventure community? A．Her young age as a climber. B．Her unique experience in the Amazon, C．Her completion of challenging outdoor tasks. D．Her advocacy of adventurous trips. 2．What does Taylor think of the UK for climbing? A．It is judged wrongly compared to exotic places. B．It is as good as anywhere if one is imaginary. C．It lacks the variety of routes like other places. D．It is only suitable for self-powered rounds. 3．What do we know about Taylor in the Classic Rock challenge? A．She considered getting to the top more satisfying. B．She carried loads of facilities in the challenge. C．She recommended completing the challenge in summer. D．She explored more countries during the challenge. 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．B 【导语】本文是记叙文。介绍一位女性攀岩者Anna Taylor。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段“From sleeping in a spider-covered tent a mile up an Amazonian cliff face to completing one of the classic outdoor “lifetime” challenges in the space of a few months, Anna Taylor is making a name for herself in the adventure community.(从睡在亚马逊悬崖上方一英里处布满蜘蛛的帐篷里，到在几个月的时间里完成一项经典的户外“终身”挑战，Anna Taylor在冒险界声名鹊起)”可知，Taylor因完成具有挑战性的户外任务，在冒险界声名鹊起。故选C项。 2．细节理解题。根据第二段““It can be underestimated compared to exotic places, but if you get creative, it’s as good as anywhere.” she says.(“与异国情调的地方相比，它可能被低估了，但如果你有创意，它和其他地方一样好。”她说)”可知，Taylor认为英国在攀岩方面被低估了。故选A项。 3．细节理解题。根据第三段“I didn’t realize how challenging cycle touring would be with so much equipment.(我没有意识到带着这么多装备进行自行车旅行是多么具有挑战性)”可知，在进行《经典岩石》挑战期间的骑行时，Taylor需要携带大量装备。故选B项。 【名师押题·第一题】 Emma, a young librarian with a heartwarming smile and a steady commitment to her work, harboured a deep-seated fear: public speaking. When she was invited to deliver the opening speech at the annual Serenity Book Festival — an event too significant to decline — her anxiety rose. Oliver, a bright and considerate boy who frequented the library, quickly sensed Emma’s depression. Having always admired her warmth and devotion, Oliver approached her with a gentle smile. “Why don’t we overcome our fear like heroes in them?” he suggested kindly, pointing to the books on the shelf. Moved by the boy’s courage, Emma agreed softly, “Alright, let’s give it a try!” With each practice, Emma gradually gained the confidence to boldly face her fear. As the festival approached, Emma practiced before small groups, then larger ones, steadily improving. But a week prior, she received an unexpected letter from her old teacher, Mr. Langston, who expressed his intention to attend and eagerly anticipated her speech, adding to her pressure. Noticing her concern, Oliver reminded her how much she had improved. They did a final practice in front of the library staff, whose encouragement boosted her confidence significantly, calming her nerves for the big day. The day of the festival arrived. Stepping onto the stage, Emma felt her heart beating wildly. She took a deep breath and began to speak. Oliver, sitting in the front row, watched with pride. His smile widened as he heard confidence in her voice. The audience listened attentively. When Emma concluded with a request for everyone to learn from books, there was a moment of silence — then the crowd erupted into applause. Tears of joy filled her eyes, not just from relief, but from the overwhelming support and recognition from both Oliver and the audience. Emma took a final how as the applause died down, feeling a warmth in her heart. She knew she could face whatever came next. 1．What was the problem with Emma? A．It troubled her to host an event. B．She was afraid to speak in public. C．She found it difficult to stay calm. D．It was hard for her to fund the festival. 2．What do we know about Mr. Langston’s letter? A．It made Emma much more anxious. B．It encouraged Emma to be confident. C．It taught Emma the techniques of speaking. D．It invited Emma to the celebration of the festival. 【答案】1．B 2．A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了图书管理员Emma害怕公众演讲，但在男孩Oliver的鼓励和帮助下，她克服恐惧，在图书节开幕式演讲中获得了观众的掌声。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段中“Emma, a young librarian with a heartwarming smile and a steady commitment to her work, harboured a deep-seated fear: public speaking. (艾玛是一位年轻的图书管理员，她笑容温暖，工作认真负责，但内心深处却藏着一种深深的恐惧：公开演讲)”可知，Emma的问题是害怕在公众场合讲话。故选B项。 2．细节理解题。根据第三段中“But a week prior, she received an unexpected letter from her old teacher, Mr. Langston, who expressed his intention to attend and eagerly anticipated her speech, adding to her pressure. (但在演讲前一周，她收到了老教师兰斯顿先生的一封意外来信，他表示打算参加并热切期待她的演讲，这增加了她的压力)”可知，兰斯顿先生的信让Emma更加焦虑了。故选A项。 【名师押题·第二题】 Late one night in July 2020, Halli was walking around Reykjavik’s main shopping street with his family. They had just moved back to Iceland from the United States and were struggling with jet lag (时差). When his three-year-old son wanted a drink from a corner store, Halli faced a problem: a 20-centimetre step blocked his wheelchair from entering the store. This was not new to Halli, who has used a wheelchair since age 25 due to a muscle disease. As he waited outside, he thought about how often he had been excluded from places like restaurants and stores because they were not accessible. Halli, a successful digital designer, had lived in many cities worldwide and noticed how differently they approached accessibility. After selling his company, Ueno, to Twitter (now X), he decided to use his resources to make Iceland more wheelchair-friendly. In 2021, he launched Ramp (斜坡) Up Reykjavik, a non-profit project aiming to build 100 permanent ramps in the city’s downtown within a year. Unlike temporary ramps in other cities, these were designed to fit perfectly with the buildings, making them look like they had always been there. With government funding and sponsors, the project went beyond its goal and expanded nationwide. By 2026, the team plans to build 1,500 ramps across Iceland, costing about 400 million Icelandic krona. Iceland’s president praised the project, saying, “We want our society to be inclusive. Halli has shown us how easy it is to make a difference when we work together.” In just three years, Halli has become a local hero, known as a “kind tech giant”. He hopes his work inspires others. Recently, a woman built a ramp at her home so her wheelchair-using friend could visit easily. “Equal access is not a reality yet,” he says, “but change starts with one person.” 1．What inspired Halli to start the ‘Ramp Up Reykjavik’ project? A．The lack of wheelchair access. B．His son’s difficulty in finding a drink. C．A suggestion from Iceland’s president. D．His desire to become famous in Iceland. 2．How are the ramps built by ‘Ramp Up Reykjavik’ different from those in other cities? A．They are cheap to construct. B．They are only built in downtown. C．They are temporary and movable. D．They look fitted with the buildings forever. 【答案】1．A 2．D 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。本文讲述了Halli因肌肉疾病使用轮椅，在回到冰岛后面临诸多不便，于是他决定利用自己的资源发起“Ramp Up Reykjavik”非营利项目，旨在为雷克雅未克市中心建造永久斜坡，以方便轮椅通行。他的行动证明了共同努力可以使社会更加包容。 1．细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的“As he waited outside, he thought about how often he had been excluded from places like restaurants and stores because they were not accessible. (当他等在外面时，他想到自己经常被排除在餐馆和商店等场所之外，因为这些场所不方便轮椅进出。)”以及第三段中的“After selling his company, Ueno, to Twitter (now X), he decided to use his resources to make Iceland more wheelchair-friendly. (在将自己的公司Ueno卖给Twitter（现为X）后，他决定利用自己的资源让冰岛更加适合轮椅出行。)”可知，是缺乏轮椅通道激发了哈利启动“Ramp Up Reykjavik”项目。故选A项。 2．细节理解题。根据文章第四段中的“Unlike temporary ramps in other cities, these were designed to fit perfectly with the buildings, making them look like they had always been there. (与其他城市的临时斜坡不同，这些斜坡被设计成与建筑物完美契合，看起来就像它们一直存在一样。)”可知，“Ramp Up Reykjavik”建造的斜坡与其他城市的斜坡不同的是它们看起来与建筑物融为一体。故选D项。 【名师押题·第三题】 Helen Clitheroe was 32 when she started doing the steeplechase (障碍赛跑). British Athletics encouraged her to try it because 2008 would be the first time women’s steeplechase was in the Olympics. She had never jumped over barriers before her thirties. In 2010, she competed in both the 1,500m and steeplechase at the Commonwealth Games, which became a turning point. After a few injuries and falling out of love with the steeplechase a little bit, she talked with her coach John Nuttall about her options. They decided to attempt different challenges to focus on longer distances — the 5,000m and 10,000m. In 2011, although they hadn’t planned to compete indoors that season, she was in excellent shape. She won the match in Glasgow, breaking Liz McColgan’s record. Then she set her personal best in the 3,000m at Birmingham. Going into the European Athletics Indoor Championships, she was the fastest runner on paper, but she had come fourth twice before in these championships. Her coach and she discussed race strategy carefully. For the first time, she followed her coach’s advice exactly, staying near the front but not leading until the end. She had never trusted her finishing sprint (冲刺) before, but that day she did. Even though Russian runner Olesya Syreva was close behind, she won her first gold medal. At 37, she became the oldest person to win a European indoor title. Many people had kept asking when she would retire, but this victory proved that older athletes could still succeed. She changed her training as she got older, being more careful with hard training sessions and taking more time to recover. As she says, as long as you take care of your body, you can still run fast. This win was special because it came after many years of trying and showed that age shouldn’t limit anyone’s dreams in sports. 1．What motivated British Athletics to suggest the steeplechase to Helen? A．Her running speed. B．Her jumping ability. C．The popularity of the steeplechase. D．The opportunity to participate in the Olympics. 2．What made Helen successful in the final race according to paragraph 4? A．She followed her coach’s race arrangements. B．She changed her style. C．She copied her opponents. D．She trained harder than others. 【答案】1．D 2．A 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了海伦·克利瑟罗作为年龄较大的运动员，依然在田径领域取得成功的励志故事。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段“British Athletics encouraged her to try it because 2008 would be the first time women’s steeplechase was in the Olympics.(英国田径协会鼓励她尝试一下，因为2008年将是女子障碍赛跑首次进入奥运会。)”可知，英国田径协会向海伦建议参加障碍赛跑是因为参加奥运会的机会。故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据第四段“For the first time, she followed her coach’s advice exactly, staying near the front but not leading until the end.(这一次，她完全听从了教练的建议，保持在前面，但直到最后才领先。)”可知，是听从了教练的比赛安排让海伦在最后的比赛中取得了成功。故选A。 题型归纳03 数字计算题 ( 数字计算题一般都是简单的计算或替换，尤其是时间、年龄、价格、数量等。这类题型重点不在于计算，而是考查考生对数字背后隐含信息的处理能力。理解文中的长难句是解答数字计算题的关键。 审读题干， 锁定 关键信息 ； 2. 速读定位原文中包含该信息的相关段落 ； 3. 进行 加减乘除等运算方式进行 推算，得出答案。 ) 典例1 【2023全国乙卷C篇片段】 According to a new study from market analysts, 1 in 5 Britons say that watching cookery programmes on TV has encouraged them to try different food. Almost one third say they now use a wider variety of ingredients (配料) than they used to, and just under 1 in 4 say they now buy better quality ingredients than before. One in four adults say that TV chefs have made them much more confident about expanding their cookery knowledge and skills, and young people are also getting more interested in cooking. The UK’s obsession (痴迷) with food is reflected through television scheduling. Cookery shows and documentaries about food are broadcast more often than before. With an increasing number of male chefs on TV, it’s no longer “uncool” for boys to like cooking. 30. Which is the percentage of the people using more diverse ingredients now? A. 20%. B. 24%. C. 25%. D. 33%. 【答案】 D 【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段的“Almost one third say they now use a wider variety of ingredients (配料) than they used to, and just under 1 in 4 say they now buy better quality ingredients than before.”（几乎三分之一的人表示他们现在使用的配料比以前更多，将近四分之一的人表示他们现在购买的配料质量比以前更好。）可知，三分之一左右的人，也就是33%左右的人，使用的配料比以前更多。故选D项。 典例2【2023年新高考II卷】 Yellowstone National Park offers a variety of ranger programs throughout the park, and throughout the year. The following are descriptions of the ranger programs this summer. Experiencing Wildlife in Yellowstone (May 26 to September 2) Whether you’re hiking a backcountry trail (小径), camping, or just enjoying the park’s amazing wildlife from the road, this quick workshop is for you and your family. Learn where to look for animals and how to safely enjoy your wildlife watching experience. Meet at the Canyon Village Store. Junior Ranger Wildlife Olympics (June 5 to August 21) Kids can test their skills and compare their abilities to the animals of Yellowstone. Stay for as little or as long as your plans allow. Meet in front of the Visitor Education Center. Canyon Talks at Artist Point (June 9 to September 2) From a classic viewpoint, enjoy Lower Falls, the Yellowstone River, and the breathtaking colors of the canyon (峡谷) while learning about the area’s natural and human history. Discover why artists and photographers continue to be drawn to this special place. Meet on the lower platform at Artist Point on the South Rim Drive for this short talk. Photography Workshops (June 19 &July 10) Enhance your photography skills — join Yellowstone’s park photographer for a hands-on program to inspire new and creative ways of enjoying the beauty and wonder of Yellowstone. 6/19 — Waterfalls &Wide Angles: meet at Artist Point. 7/10 — Wildflowers &White Balance: meet at Washburn Trailhead in Chittenden parking area. 1. Which of the four programs begins the earliest? A. Photography Workshops. B. Junior Ranger Wildlife Olympics. C. Canyon Talks at Artist Point. D. Experiencing Wildlife in Yellowstone. 【答案】1. D 【解析】 细节理解题。根据每个项目后的时间“Experiencing Wildlife in Yellowstone (May 26 to September 2) (在黄石体验野生动物（5月26日至9月2日）)”和“Junior Ranger Wildlife Olympics (June 5 to August 21) (少年游骑兵野生动物奥林匹克运动会（6月5日至8月21日）)”与“Canyon Talks at Artist Point (June 9 to September 2) (在Artist Point的峡谷会谈（6月9日至9月2日）)”以及“Photography Workshops (June 19 & July 10) (摄影研讨会（6月19日和7月10日）)”可知，四个项目中在黄石体验野生动物开始的时间最早。故选D。 典例3（2022·新高考I卷A篇） Grading Policies for Introduction to Literature Grading Scale 90-100, A; 80-89, B; 70-79, C; 60-69, D; Below 60, E. Essays (60%) Your four major essays will combine to form the main part of the grade for this course: Essay 1 = 10%; Essay 2 = 15%; Essay 3 = 15%; Essay 4 = 20%. Group Assignments (30%) Students will work in groups to complete four assignments (作业) during the course. All the assignments will be submitted by the assigned date through Blackboard, our online learning and course management system. Daily Work/In-Class Writings and Tests/Group Work/Homework (10%) Class activities will vary from day to day, but students must be ready to complete short in-class writings or tests drawn directly from assigned readings or notes from the previous class’ lecture/discussion, so it is important to take careful notes during class. Additionally, from time to time I will assign group work to be completed in class or short assignments to be completed at home, both of which will be graded. Late Work An essay not submitted in class on the due date will lose a letter grade for each class period it is late. If it is not turned in by the 4th day after the due date, it will earn a zero. Daily assignments not completed during class will get a zero. Short writings missed as a result of an excused absence will be accepted. 22. How many parts is a student’s final grade made up of? A. Two. B. Three. C. Four. D. Five. 【答案】 B 【解析】细节理解题。根据黑体小标题“Essays (60%)”、“Group Assignments (30%)”和“Daily Work/In-Class Writings and Tests/Groups Work/Homework (10%)”可知，学生的最终成绩由3部分组成。故选B项。 【名校预测·第一题】（2025·江西宜春·二模） Discover the Magic of Green Valley Camp! Are you looking for an unforgettable summer experience for your child? Look no further than Green Valley Camp, where adventure meets learning in the heart of nature! Why Choose Green Valley Camp? Exciting Activities: From hiking and kayaking to archery and rock climbing, our camp offers a wide range of outdoor activities designed to build confidence and teamwork. Expert Staff: Our trained and friendly counselors ensure a safe and supportive environment for every camper. Nature Immersion (沉浸式体验): Located in a beautiful forest, Green Valley Camp provides the perfect setting for kids to connect with nature and develop a love for the outdoors. Life Skills: Campers learn valuable skills like problem-solving, leadership, and communication through fun, hands-on activities. Camp Schedule Dates: July 15-30 Price: $900 per camper Special Offer Early Bird Discount: Sign up before May 31st and receive a 5% discount on your registration. Sibling (兄弟姐妹) Discount: Register two or more children and save an extra $20 per child. Join Us This Summer! Spaces are filling up fast — don’t miss out! For more information, click on the following link: http: // www. greenvalleycamp. com or call us at  (888) 123-4567. Give your child a summer they’ll never forget! How much should a parent registering on June 20th pay for two children? A．$1670. B．$1710. C．$1760. D．$1800. 【答案】 C 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了绿谷夏令营的相关信息。 细节理解题。根据Camp Schedule部分中“Dates: July15-30  Price: $900 per camper (日期：7月15日-30日，每位露营者收费900美元)”和 Special Offer部分中“Early Bird Discount: Sign up before May 31st and receive a 5% discount on your registration.(早鸟折扣：在5月31日之前注册，并获得5%的注册折扣)”与“Sibling (兄弟姐妹) Discount: Register two or more children and save an extra $20 per child.(兄弟姐妹优惠：为两个或以上孩子报名，每个孩子可额外节省20美元)”可知，6月20日报名不享受早鸟折扣，为两个孩子报名，每个孩子900美元，两个孩子共1800美元，因有兄弟姐妹优惠，每个孩子额外省20美元，两个孩子省40美元，所以需支付1800-40 = 1760美元。故选C项。 【名校预测·第二题】（2025·安徽滁州·二模） STANFIELD THEATREBOOKING There are four easy ways to book seats for performances. ● In person The Box Office is open from Monday to Saturday, 10 a.m.—8 p.m. ● By post Simply complete the booking form and return it to Stanfield Theatre Box Office, PO Box 220. Stanfield, ST55 6GF. All cheques should be made payable to Stanfield Theatre. ● By telephone Ring 01316 753219 to reserve your tickets or to pay by credit card (Visa, Mastercard and Amex accepted). ● On-line Complete the on-line booking form at www.stanfieldtheatre.com. DISCOUNTS ● Saver: £2 off any seat booked any time in advance for performances from Monday to Thursday, and for all afternoon performances. Savers are available for children under 16 years old, over 60s and students. ● Supersaver: Half-price seats are available for people with disabilities and one companion. It is advisable to book in advance. There is a maximum of eight wheelchair spaces available and one wheelchair space will be held until one hour before the show. ● Standby: Best available seats are on sale at a five percent discount, from one hour before the performance for people qualified for Saver and Supersaver discounts and thirty minutes before for all other customers. ● Group Bookings: There is a ten percent discount for parties of twelve or more. ● Schools: School parties of ten or more can book tickets in advance for £6 each and will get every tenth ticket free. Please note: We are unable to exchange tickets or refund money unless a performance is cancelled due to unforeseen circumstances. How much should you pay if you book tickets for school parties of 20? A．£108. B．£120. C．£114. D．£40. 【答案】A 【导语】这是一篇应用文。短文是一篇关于斯坦菲尔德剧院（Stanfield Theatre）的购票信息介绍，包括购票方式、各种折扣优惠政策以及相关注意事项。 细节理解题。根据“Schools”部分“School parties of ten or more can book tickets in advance for £6 each and will get every tenth ticket free(10人或以上的学校团体可以提前预订门票，每张6英镑，并且每10张票免1张)”可知，10人或以上的学校团体可以提前预订门票，每张6英镑，并且每10张票免1张。对于20人的学校团体，20张票中每10张免1张，即免2张票，只需支付18张票的钱。那么总共需要支付的金额为：18×6 = 108英镑。故选A项。 【名校预测·第三题】（2025·河北·二模） Olympic School & Group Environmental Science Our overnight environmental science program in Olympic National Park offers students the opportunity to engage in inclusive, hands-on learning experiences in the foothills of the Pacific Northwest’s splendid Olympic mountains. Students explore an old growth forest, the Elwha River, and Lake Crescent, while challenging themselves physically, building meaningful relationships, and discovering a caring relationship with the natural world. Our Program’s Sample Day and Activities Morning: Gather in the dining hall for breakfast, pack backpacks, and prepare for the day. Instructional Day on Trail: Spend the day in small learning groups led by a professional educator. Students engage in lively scientific learning experiences in a safe and supportive environment. These experiences are designed to support students’ social and emotional development. Sample Activities: ·Investigate old growth forests to evaluate the diversity of its living organisms. ·Bring earth science and geology (地质学) to life through rock identification and interpretation of geologic maps. ·Explore the Elwha River to learn about environmental restoration and recovery. ·Hike to Mt. Storm King’s Lake Crescent lookout and observe impacts of altitude on a forest ecosystem. Afternoon: Return to campus to reflect, relax and unwind while school chaperones (监护人) supervise. Early evening: A family-style dinner in the historic Rosemary Inn gives everyone a chance to share their trail stories. Rates and Availability Rate (Off-peak season is 9/1-3/31) Student Adult Off-peak Student Off-peak Adult 5-day, 5-night (Sun.-Fri. only) $610 $536 $548 $478 5-day, 5-night $548 $466 $478 $408 3-day, 3-night (Sun.-Wed. only) $402 $378 $370 $344 3-day, 2-night $332 $308 $302 $274 How much should a parent and a kid pay for the 3-day, 2-night program on February 26? A．$576. B．$640. C．$714. D．$780. 【答案】．A 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了环境科学活动的宗旨、具体活动安排及收费信息等。 细节理解题。根据Rates and Availability表格信息可知，9月1日至3月31日为淡季，在此期间，三天两夜的活动学生票价为302美元/人，成人票价为274美元/人。故一位家长和一个孩子在2月26日参加三天两夜的活动，需支付302+274=576美元。故选A。 【名师押题·第一题】 Explorers Camp •Full day camp for kids aged 5-13. •Monday-Friday, July 8-26, 9am-4pm. Week 1 | July 8-12 Week 2 | July 15-19 Week 3 | July 22-26 •Register for a single week or multiple weeks. •Fees: $365 per week. •The last day to cancel registration and receive a full refund (退款) is June 15. How many hours of class will you have altogether if you register for a single week? A．15. B．21. C．30. D．42. 【答案】C 【导语】这是一篇应用文。短文介绍了探险者夏令营的相关信息。 【详解】细节理解题。根据“•Monday-Friday, July 8-26, 9am-4pm. ( 7月8日至26日，星期一至星期五，上午9点至下午4点)”可知，每周安排5天的活动。根据Camp Structure部分中的“Campers have a three-hour morning class engaging with a morning theme (9am to 12 noon) and a one-hour lunch break, followed by another three-hour class engaging with an afternoon theme (1pm to 4pm). (露营者有一个三小时的上午课程（上午9点到中午12点）和一个小时的午休时间，然后是另一个三个小时的下午课程（下午1点到下午4点）)”可知，全天有6个小时的课程。5*6=30。三合理计算定答案。由此可知，如果你注册一周，你总共有30小时的课程。故选C。 【名师押题·第二题】 Prices Hand Brake, Three Gears Foot Brake, No Gears 1 hour 7.50 5.00 3 hours 11.00 7.50 1 day (24 hours) 14.75 9.75 Each additional day 8.00 6.00 How much do you pay for renting a bike with hand brake and three gears for two days? A．15.75. B．19.50. C．22.75. D．29.50. 【答案】C 【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了租用自行车需要付的价钱。 【详解】细节理解题。根据表格中“Hand Brake, Three Gears”下面的价格可知，租一辆带手刹和三个档位的自行车一天14.75欧元，多租一天需要额外多付8欧元，所以租一辆带手刹和三个档位的自行车两天需要22.75欧元。故选C。 【名师押题·第三题】 Welcome to our stand-up comedy classes This is the workshop where beginners have grown into headliners and headliners have grown into stars. Our workshop stresses stand-up comedy writing and performing — the two key components of stand-up comedy. Our classes are conducted by award-winning, comedy director and writer Stephen Rosenfield and his stand-up staff. They are conducted so that when it’s time for your club performance, you will have solidly written, funny material and you will be well rehearsed and ready to perform beyond your expectations. These stand-up comedy classes are offered to both beginners and advanced students. The workshop consists of group classes, private coaching sessions and a performance at Gotham or West Side Comedy Club. Seats available: 2 Start date: May 17th In-person show: May 20th at Gotham Comedy Club Live streamed show: May 22nd on YouTube Fees: If you are a first time student: $410. If you are a returning student: $350. We accept cash, checks or credit cards. Your instructor: Becky Veduccio Becky has been a professional comedian, writer and actress for over 15 years. She has performed stand-up comedy in New York, Los Angeles, Las Vegas and London. Besides, she has appeared in commercials, theater and feature films. And she competed in the 2018 season of America’s GotTalent. Her film works include Return to Me, Maid in Manhattan and Random Hearts. As a writer, she was chosen as one of Parenting. com’s top five “Favorite Mommy Bloggers” for her humorous articles on the website. In 2015, she won the New York Press Club Award for humorous writing. As an instructor, Becky has taught stand-up comedy to every age group — from elementary school kids and teenagers to university students and adults. She believes everyone has a comedic voice. How much will a returning student save on the fee? A．$10. B．$50. C．$60. D．$80. 【答案】C 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了一个单口戏剧研讨班。 【详解】细节理解题。根据Fees部分中“If you are a first time student: $410. If you are a returning student: $350. (如果你是新生：410美元。如果你是老生：350美元)”可知，老生可以节省60美元的学费。故选C项。 倒计时19天 二 阅读理解（推理判断题） 2022-2024年高考英语阅读理解考情分析（命题专家视角） 一、语篇类型与主题演变（2022-2024） 年份 卷别 A 篇（应用文） B 篇（记叙文） C/D 篇（说明文 / 议论文） 命题趋势 2022 Ⅰ 卷 英国大学开放日活动通知8 无（B 篇为议论文） C 篇：文学创作结尾的艺术； D 篇：城市生态修复研究 从语篇类型来看，应用文、记叙文和说明文在近三年的 I 卷和 II 卷中均为常见体裁，议论文出现频率较低。从题型分布来看，细节理解题在各年各卷中占比相对较高，推理判断题次之，主旨要义题和词义猜测题数量相对较少。总体而言，高考英语阅读理解注重对考生细节信息获取能力和逻辑推理能力的考查，同时兼顾对文章主旨和词义理解的测试。 Ⅱ 卷 秋季徒步健身活动指南 火车站阅读服务人文故事 C 篇：室内园艺系统 BMT； D 篇：AI 与人类共存探讨 2023 Ⅰ 卷 生物栖息地修复志愿者招募 无（B 篇为记叙文） C 篇：英国 “丝路花园” 温室设计； D 篇：生物数据质量研究 Ⅱ 卷 电影节活动报名须知 出租车司机诚信故事 C 篇：AI 技术伦理讨论； D 篇：过度旅游应对策略 2024 Ⅰ 卷 科学研究项目申请指南 科学家野外考察经历 C 篇：深海生物多样性保护；D 篇：脑机接口技术争议 Ⅱ 卷 国际青年环保论坛通知 社区图书馆建设历程 C 篇：气候变化应对技术； D 篇：基因编辑技术应用 二、题型分布与能力考查（2022-2024） 年份 卷别 细节理解 推理判断 主旨要义 词义猜测 高阶思维占比 典型题型创新 2022 Ⅰ 卷 10 题 3 题 1 题 1 题 30% 跨段信息整合题（如 D 篇 “生态修复措施”） Ⅱ 卷 7 题 5 题 1 题 2 题 47% 作者态度推断题（D 篇 “AI 发展立场”） 2023 Ⅰ 卷 6 题 7 题 1 题 1 题 53% 实验流程排序题（C 篇 “温室设计步骤”） Ⅱ 卷 8 题 3 题 3 题 1 题 40% 段落功能分析题（D 篇 “过度旅游解决方案”） 2024 Ⅰ 卷 8 题 4 题 2 题 1 题 60% 观点反驳题（D 篇 “脑机接口伦理争议”） Ⅱ 卷 7 题 5 题 2 题 1 题 47% 数据图表解读题（C 篇 “气候模型分析”） 1. 语篇类型：科普类说明文、研究类说明文、书评等可能成为选材热点，涉及量子计算、生物工程、可持续发展（气候变化与生物技术）等前沿领域。 2. 题型创新：可能引入 “多模态阅读”（如结合图表、流程图），考查信息整合能力。 3. 思维考查：批判性思维题比例或提升至 30%，如要求考生评价 “技术应用的利弊”。 · 推理判断题命题方式 推理判断题主要考查考生根据文章提供的事实和线索进行逻辑推理，推断出作者没有提到或者没有明说的事实或者可能发生的事实。推测的内容会涉及文章的一句话或几句话、可能是一个或者两三个段落、甚至可能是整篇文章。这类题旨在考查学生透过词语的字面意义去理解作者的言外之意或弦外之音的能力。倾向于考查隐含推断题、写作意图推断题、观点态度题、文章出处题。在文中下列地方常命题。1.指示代词出现处常考 2.引用人物观点处常考 3.特殊标点符号后的内容常考 4.转折词如but, however, yet等后常考。题干主要动词：infer（推断），indicate（象征，暗示），imply（暗示），suggest（暗示），conclude（作出结论）和assume（假定，设想）。 1. It can be inferred/concluded/seen from the text that _______. 2. Which of the following conclusions can we draw according to the passage? 3. In which of the following publications would this passage most likely be printed? 4. The attitude of the author towards somebody/sonething is _______. 5. What’s the author’s attitude toward…? 6. The main purpose of this text is_____. 7. From the passage we can conclude that_______. 题型归纳01 隐含推断题 ( 考查考生透过词语的字面意思 进行分析、挖掘和逻辑推推理的能力，揭示其深层含义，进而去理解作者的言外之意。可采用逻辑推理法： 定位：通过跳读技巧，定位原文 找到相关信息点 ( 推理的依据 ) ； 细读 ： 理解相关信息点的字面意义； 精读： 结合语境和常识，在字面意义的基础上进行符合逻辑的推断，理解作者的言外之意。 核对信息 ，切忌主观臆断，关注情态动词、虚拟语气及选项中的绝对含义的词。 ) 典例1【2024新高考I卷C篇节选】 Is comprehension the same whether a person reads a text onscreen or on paper? And are listening to and viewing content as effective as reading the written word when covering the same material? The answers to both questions are often “no”. The reasons relate to a variety of factors, including reduced concentration, an entertainment mindset (心态) and a tendency to multitask while consuming digital content. ........... But equally important is the mental aspect. Reading researchers have proposed a theory called “shallowing hypothesis (假说)”. According to this theory, people approach digital texts with a mindset suited to social media, which are often not so serious, and devote less mental effort than when they are reading print. Digital texts, audio and video all have educational roles, especially when providing resources not available in print. However, for maximizing learning where mental focus and reflection are called for, educators shouldn’t assume all media are the same, even when they contain identical words. 28. What does the underlined phrase “shine through” in paragraph 2 mean? A. Seem unlikely to last. B. Seem hard to explain. C. Become ready to use. D. Become easy to notice. 31. What does the author imply in the last paragraph? A. Students should apply multiple learning techniques. B. Teachers should produce their own teaching material. C. Print texts cannot be entirely replaced in education. D. Education outside the classroom cannot be ignored. 【答案】29. A 31. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是议论文。主要讨论了纸质阅读与数字阅读、音频和视频学习方式的差异和效果。 【29题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段“But equally important is the mental aspect. Reading researchers have proposed a theory called “shallowing hypothesis (假说)”. According to this theory, people approach digital texts with a mindset suited to social media, which are often not so serious, and devote less mental effort than when they are reading print.(但同样重要的是精神层面。阅读研究人员提出了一个名为“shallowing hypothesis”的理论。根据这一理论，人们以适合社交媒体的心态接触数字文本，这些文本通常不那么严肃，与阅读印刷品时相比，投入的精神努力也更少)”可知，shallowing hypothesis假设读者在阅读数字文本时会持有一种轻松的心态，不会像阅读纸质书籍那样投入太多的心理努力。故选A项。 【31题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Digital texts, audio and video all have educational roles, especially when providing resources not available in print. However, for maximizing learning where mental focus and reflection are called for, educators shouldn’t assume all media are the same, even when they contain identical words.(数字文本、音频和视频都具有教育作用，尤其是在提供印刷品中无法获得的资源时。然而，为了在需要精神集中和反思的情况下最大限度地学习，教育工作者不应假定所有媒体都是相同的，即使它们包含相同的单词)”可知，尽管数字文本、音频和视频在教育中有一定作用，但当需要精神集中和反思以最大化学习时，教育者不应假定所有媒体都是相同的，即使它们包含相同的单词。这表明作者认为纸质文本在教育中的作用仍然不可替代，因此暗示纸质文本在教育中的重要性。故选C项。 典例2【2024新高考II卷C篇节选】 We all know fresh is best when it comes to food. However, most produce at the store went through weeks of travel and covered hundreds of miles before reaching the table. While farmer’s markets are a solid choice to reduce the journey, Babylon Micro-Farm (BMF) shortens it even more. ........ BMF employees live out sustainability in their everyday lives. About half of them walk or bike to work. Inside the office, they encourage recycling and waste reduction by limiting garbage cans and avoiding single-use plastic. “We are passionate about reducing waste, carbon and chemicals in our environment,” said a BMF employee. 10. What can be concluded about BMF employees? A. They have a great passion for sports. B. They are devoted to community service. C. They are fond of sharing daily experiences. D. They have a strong environmental awareness. 【答案】 10. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了巴比伦微农场（BMF）的一些主要优势，包括减少食物运输距离、通过云技术远程监控、自动化系统节约水资源、减少化学污染、以及员工的环保生活方式等。 【10题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“BMF employees live out sustainability in their everyday lives. About half of them walk or bike to work. Inside the office, they encourage recycling and waste reduction by limiting garbage cans and avoiding single-use plastic. “We are passionate about reducing waste, carbon and chemicals in our environment,” said a BMF employee. (BMF员工在日常生活中追求可持续发展。大约一半的人步行或骑自行车上班。在办公室里，他们通过限制垃圾桶和避免一次性塑料来鼓励回收和减少浪费。BMF的一名员工表示：“我们热衷于减少环境中的废物、碳和化学品。”)”可知，BMF员工具有强烈的环保意识。故选D。 典例3【2024·浙江1月高考C篇片段】 ...... One doubter about the safety of cloud seeding is Chuck Doswell, a research scientist who just retired from the University of Oklahoma. “In 1999, I personally saw significant tornadoes (龙卷风) form from a seeded storm cell in Kansas,” Dr. Doswell says. “Does cloud seeding create killer storms or reduce moisture downwind? No one really knows, of course, but the seeding goes on.” Given the degree of doubt, Mr. Stienwand suggests, “it would be wise to stop cloud seeding.” In practice, doubt has had the opposite effect. Due to the lack of scientific proof concerning their impacts, no one has succeeded in winning a lawsuit against cloud-seeding companies. Hence, private climate engineering can proceed in relative legal safety. 11. What can we infer from the last paragraph? A. Scientific studies have proved Stienwand right. B. Private climate engineering is illegal in Canada. C. The doubt about cloud seeding has disappeared. D. Cloud-seeding companies will continue to exist. 【答案】 D 【解析】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Given the degree of doubt, Mr. Stienwand suggests, “it would be wise to stop cloud seeding.” In practice, doubt has had the opposite effect. Due to the lack of scientific proof concerning their impacts, no one has succeeded in winning a lawsuit against cloud-seeding companies. Hence, private climate engineering can proceed in relative legal safety.(考虑到质疑的程度，斯廷旺德建议，“停止人工降雨是明智的。”在实践中，怀疑产生了相反的效果。由于缺乏有关其影响的科学证据，没有人成功地赢得了对人工降雨公司的诉讼。因此，私人气候工程可以在相对合法的安全条件下进行)”可推知，从最后一段我们能推断出人工降雨公司将继续存在。故选D项。 【名校预测·第一题】（2025·浙江宁波·二模） It is late at night. You wander empty streets, heart pounding, muscles tense, sensing danger nearby. Now imagine the same situation, but without these response. Would you still feel afraid? Experiences like this unveil a profound truth: our minds are not just products of the brain but emerge from its constant dialogue with the body. …….. The vagus nerve doesn’t need to be a cure for everything — it’s worth appreciating all on its own. Neuroscientists compare the vague to an orchestra conductor, harmonizing bodily systems to compose our conscious experience. Professor Linda Rinaman once said, “We’re not just brains in jars. Our thoughts and feelings are rooted in flesh and blood.” 1．How does the author introduce the topic in paragraph 1? A．By sharing a story. B．By creating a scene. C．By asking a question. D．By defining a concept. 4．What do Linda Rinaman’s words imply? A．Blood circulation determined our emotions. B．Physical health is unrelated to mental states. C．Body and mind interact to form experiences. D．Our brain store feelings separate from body. 【答案】1．B 4．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了迷走神经作为连接大脑和身体的通道，在调节身体反应方面起着重要作用，是许多新疗法的生物学基础，但也存在被伪科学滥用的情况，最后强调身心是相互作用形成我们的体验的。 1．推理判断题。根据第一段“It is late at night. You wander empty streets, heart pounding, muscles tense, sensing danger nearby. Now imagine the same situation, but without these response. Would you still feel afraid? Experiences like this unveil a profound truth: our minds are not just products of the brain but emerge from its constant dialogue with the body.(夜深了。你在空荡荡的街道上徘徊，心脏怦怦直跳，肌肉紧绷，感觉到附近有危险。现在想象一下同样的情景，但没有这些反应。你还会感到害怕吗？诸如此类的经历揭示了一个深刻的真理：我们的思维不仅仅是大脑的产物，而是源自大脑与身体之间持续不断的对话)”结合下文对迷走神经的介绍可知，作者通过描述一个场景来引出文章的主题。故选B。 4．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Neuroscientists compare the vague to an orchestra conductor, harmonizing bodily systems to compose our conscious experience. Professor Linda Rinaman once said, “We’re not just brains in jars. Our thoughts and feelings are rooted in flesh and blood.”(神经科学家将迷走神经比作管弦乐队的指挥，协调身体系统，构成我们的意识体验。琳达·丽娜曼教授曾说过：“我们不仅仅是装在罐子里的脑子。我们的思想和感情植根于血肉之中。”)”可知，琳达·丽娜曼教授的话暗示了身心相互作用形成体验。故选C。 【名校预测·第二题】（2025·安徽马鞍山·二模） ………… Today’s book talk often presents reading somewhere between the wholesomeness of vegetables and the pleasures of a patisserie (法式糕点)：books are beneficial, good for you, or they’re a treat, a pleasure. But that leaves out the trickier, more delicate pleasures of tackling difficult books, the big challenges on our bookshelves that question your deepest values or make you uncomfortable in the right way. …….. You’re not always ready for every challenging read, of course. Timing matters. The American novelist Garth Greenwell said in a 2024 interview that at 20, he tried Frank Bidart’s poems and turned away; but just a few years later, “reading his poems would be one of the key literary experiences of my life”. If a book doesn’t work for you, don’t force yourself to finish it; but leave the door open to the idea that, like certain friendships, it might kindle (点燃) years later. 1．What effect did reading “Life Ruiners” have on Chihaya? A．Destructive. B．Productive. C．Transformative. D．Restrictive. 2．What does Greenwell’s experience suggest about reading great literature? A．It requires a literary mindset. B．It needs patience and readiness. C．It can be started with poetry. D．It brings new ideas and creativity. 【答案】 1．C 2．B 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了作者对于阅读的看法以及阅读难读书籍的好处。 1．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“As with many life-long readers, the books that truly shaped me were not always pleasurable — but they were irresistible.(和许多终身读者一样，那些真正塑造了我的书并不总是令人愉悦的，但它们是不可抗拒的)”可知，读《生活毁灭者》对吉哈雅有着改造性的作用。故选C。 2．推理判断题。根据最后一段“The American novelist Garth Greenwell said in a 2024 interview that at 20, he tried Frank Bidart’s poems and turned away; but just a few years later, “reading his poems would be one of the key literary experiences of my life”. If a book doesn’t work for you, don’t force yourself to finish it; but leave the door open to the idea that, like certain friendships, it might kindle (点燃) years later.(美国小说家加思·格林威尔在2024年的一次采访中说，20岁时，他试过弗兰克·比达特的诗，但读不进去了；但仅仅几年后，“阅读他的诗歌将成为我一生中重要的文学经历之一”。如果一本书不适合你，不要强迫自己把它读完；但是，你也可以考虑，就像某些友谊一样，它可能会在多年后重新燃起)”可知，格林威尔的经历说明了阅读伟大的文学作品需要耐心和准备。故选B。 【名校预测·第三题】（2025·湖南·二模） Symbolic interactionism is a sociological perspective that examines how individuals use symbols to communicate and create social reality. Founded by sociologists like George Herbert Mead and Charles Horton Cooley, the theory focuses on micro-level interactions between individuals, emphasizing the importance of symbols in these exchanges. Unlike other sociological perspectives that focus on larger structures, symbolic interactionism looks at how individual actions shape social structures through meaning-making processes. It suggests that individuals act based on the meanings they attach to objects, people, and situations. These meanings, in turn, are constructed and improved through social interactions. Symbols, such as language, gestures, and objects, are central to this process, as they provide the medium through which individuals understand and interpret the social world. A symbol, in the context of symbolic interactionism, is anything that carries meaning beyond its literal form. It could be a word, gesture, object, or even a social role. Symbols are not naturally meaningful; rather, their meanings are socially constructed and learned through interaction. For example, a handshake is not just a physical act but a symbol of greeting, agreement, or friendship in many cultures. Compared with saying hello, shaking hands has more unexpected effects. Symbols are essential for human communication and interaction. They allow individuals to convey complex ideas, emotions, and intentions in a way that is understood by others. Language, for instance, is a system of symbols that allows people to communicate abstract concepts like love, justice, and freedom. Without symbols, human interaction would be limited to immediate, visible experiences. One of the most important ways symbols function in social interaction is through the construction of identity. Individuals employ symbols to express who they are and how they relate to the world around them. The clothes one wears are symbols, which signal one’s profession, social status, or even personal beliefs and preferences. For example, a doctor’s white coat symbolizes medical authority, while a business suit might symbolize professionalism. So have you got the magic of symbols? 1．What’s the function of Paragraph 1? A．To explain how to relate to others. B．To define symbolic interactionism. C．To tell how symbolic interactionism formed. D．To compare varied sociological perspectives. 2．What does the author imply about symbols? A．They indicate how humans feel. B．Their meanings remain the same. C．Their forms are coined by humans. D．They strengthen what words convey. 3．Which conduct can reveal the identity of symbols’ users? A．A rich employer lights a cigarette. B．Policemen gesture to direct traffic. C．Students paint on school uniforms. D．A doctor raises money for patients. 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍的是符号互动论的核心概念及其在社会互动中的重要作用。 1．推理判断题。根据第一段的“Symbolic interactionism is a sociological perspective that examines how individuals use symbols to communicate and create social reality.(符号互动论是一种社会学视角，研究个人如何使用符号进行交流并创造社会现实)”以及下文对符号互动论的创始人及其内容的概述可知，第一段的主要功能是对符号互动论进行定义。故选B项。 2．推理判断题。根据第三段中的“For example, a handshake is not just a physical act but a symbol of greeting, agreement, or friendship in many cultures. Compared with saying hello, shaking hands has more unexpected effects.(例如，握手不仅是一个物理行为，在许多文化中它还象征着问候、协议或友谊。与说‘你好’相比，握手有更多意想不到的效果)”可知，握手也是一个符号，比起说“你好”，握手有更多意想不到的效果，这说明符号可以加强话语表达的效果。故选D项。 3．推理判断题。根据第五段中的“Individuals employ symbols to express who they are and how they relate to the world around them. The clothes one wears are symbols, which signal one’s profession, social status, or even personal beliefs and preferences. (个体通过符号来表达自己的身份以及他们与周围世界的关系。一个人所穿的衣服就是一种符号，它可以传递其职业、社会地位，甚至是个人信仰和偏好。)”可知，个人使用符号来表达他们是谁，以及他们如何与周围的世界建立联系，一个人所穿的衣服就是一种符号，可以揭示使用者的身份和职业特征，由此可知，警察打手势指挥交通的行为能体现符号的社会功能。故选B项。 【名师押题·第一题】 During the course 1970s, people started becoming concerned about the pollution that is created when coal and gas are burned to produce electricity. People also realized that the supply of coal and gas would not last forever. Then, wind was rediscovered, though it means higher coasts. Today, there is a global movement to supply more and more of our electricity through the use of wind. What would the author probably discuss in the paragraph that follows? A．The advantage of wind power. B．The design of wind power plants. C．The worldwide movement to save energy. D．The global trend towards producing power from wind. 【答案】D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了人们意识到煤炭和天然气的供应不会永远持续下去后，风能被重新发现。 【详解】推理判断题。根据本段最后一句“Today, there is a global movement to supply more and more of our electricity through the use of wind. (今天，有一场全球运动，通过使用风能来提供越来越多的电力)”可知，作者在接下来的段落中可能会讨论风能在全世界的开发利用趋势。故选D。 【名师押题·第二题】 The notion that we live in someone else’s video game is irresistible to many. Searching the term “simulation hypothesis” (模拟假说) returns numerous results that debate whether the universe is a computer simulation—a concept that some scientists actually take seriously. Unfortunately, this is not a scientific question. We will probably never know whether it’s true. We can, instead, use this idea to advance scientific knowledge. The 18th-century philosopher Kant argued that the universe ultimately consists of things-in-themselves that are unknowable. While he held the notion that objective reality exists, he said our mind plays a necessary role in structuring and shaping our perceptions. Modern sciences have revealed that our perceptual experience of the world is the result of many stages of processing by sensory systems and cognitive (认知的) functions in the brain. No one knows exactly what happens within this black box. If empirical (实证的) experience fails to reveal reality, reasoning won’t reveal reality either since it relies on concepts and words that are contingent on our social, cultural and psychological histories. Again, a black box. So, if we accept that the universe is unknowable, we also accept we will never know if we live in a computer simulation. And then, we can shift our inquiry from “Is the universe a computer simulation? ” to “Can we model the universe as a computer simulation? ” Modelling reality is what we do. To facilitate our comprehension of the world, we build models based on conceptual metaphors (隐喻) that are familiar to us. In Newton’s era, we imagined the universe as a clock. In Einstein’s, we uncovered the standard model of particle (粒子) physics. Now that we are in the information age, we have new concepts such as the computer, information processing, virtual reality, and simulation. Unsurprisingly, these new concepts inspire us to build new models of the universe. Models are not the reality, however. There is no point in arguing if the universe is a clock, a set of particles or an output of computation. All these models are tools to deal with the unknown and to make discoveries. And the more tools we have, the more effective and insightful we can become. It can be imagined that comparable to the process of building previous scientific models, developing the “computer simulation” metaphor-based model will also be a hugely rewarding exercise. It is implied in this passage that we should _________. A．compare the current models with the previous ones B．continue exploring the classical models in history C．stop arguing whether the universe is a simulation D．turn simulations of the universe into realities up. 【答案】C 【导语】本文为一篇议论文。文章主要讨论了哲学家对于宇宙的 认知和信息时代下作者对于宇宙争论的看法。 【详解】推理判断题。根据第四段“There is no point in arguing if the universe is a clock, a set of particles or an output of computation. All these models are tools to deal with the unknown and to make discoveries. And the more tools we have, the more effective and insightful we can become. (争论宇宙是否是一个时钟、一组粒子还是计算输出的产物是没有意义的。所有这些模型都是处理未知事物和发现事物的工具。我们拥有的工具越多，我们就能变得越有效、越有洞察力)”以及第五段“It can be imagined that comparable to the process of building previous scientific models, developing the “computer simulation” metaphor-based model will also be a hugely rewarding exercise.(可以想象，与之前构建科学模型的过程相比，开发基于“计算机模拟”隐喻的模型也将是一项非常有益的工作)”可知，作者认为争论宇宙是否是虚拟的，这是没有意义的，我们应该停止争论宇宙是否为模拟，而应该着手于将其作为一个模型来探索和理解，这样会更有助于科学的进步。故选C项。 【名师押题·第三题】 Franz Boas’s description of Inuit (因纽特人) life in the 19th century illustrates the probable moral code of early humans. Here, norms (规范) were unwritten and rarely expressed clearly, but were well understood and taken to heart. Dishonest and violent behaviours were disapproved of; leadership, marriage and interactions with other groups were loosely governed by traditions. Conflict was often resolved in musical battles. Because arguing angrily leads to chaos, it was strongly discouraged. With life in the unforgiving Northern Canada being so demanding, the Inuit’s practical approach to morality made good sense. The similarity of moral virtues across cultures is striking, even though the relative ranking of the virtues may vary with a social group’s history and environment. Typically, cruelty and cheating are discouraged, while cooperation, humbleness and courage are praised. These universal norms far pre-date the concept of any moralising religion or written law. Instead, they are rooted in the similarity of basic human needs and our shared mechanisms for learning and problem solving. Our social instincts (本能) include the intense desire to belong. The approval of others is rewarding, while their disapproval is strongly disliked. These social emotions prepare our brains to shape our behaviour according to the norms and values of our family and our community. More generally, social instincts motivate us to learn how to behave in a socially complex world. The mechanism involves a repurposed reward system originally used to develop habits important for self-care. Our brains use the system to acquire behavioural patterns regarding safe routes home, efficient food gathering and dangers to avoid. Good habits save time, energy and sometimes your life. Good social habits do something similar in a social context. We learn to tell the truth, even when lying is self-serving; we help a grandparent even when it is inconvenient. We acquire what we call a sense of right and wrong. Social benefits are accompanied by social demands: we must get along, but not put up with too much. Hence self-discipline is advantageous. In humans, a greatly enlarged brain boosts self-control, just as it boosts problem-solving skills in the social as well as the physical world. These abilities are strengthened by our capacity for language, which allows social practices to develop in extremely unobvious ways. What can be inferred about the forming of the Inuit’s moral code? A．Living conditions were the drive. B．Unwritten rules were the target. C．Social tradition was the basis. D．Honesty was the key. 【答案】C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要围绕人类道德规范的起源进行讨论，介绍了早期人类道德准则的形成过程及其如何根植于人类基本需求及共同的社会学习和问题解决机制中。 【详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“Here, norms (规范) were unwritten and rarely expressed clearly, but were well understood and taken to heart. Dishonest and violent behaviours were disapproved of; leadership, marriage and interactions with other groups were loosely governed by traditions. Conflict was often resolved in musical battles. Because arguing angrily leads to chaos, it was strongly discouraged. With life in the unforgiving Northern Canada being so demanding, the Inuit’s practical approach to morality made good sense. (在这里，规范是不成文的，很少明确表达，但被很好地理解和铭记。不赞成不诚实和暴力行为;领导、婚姻以及与其他群体的互动都受到传统的松散控制。冲突往往通过音乐斗争来解决。因为愤怒的争论会导致混乱，所以强烈反对。在无情的加拿大北部，生活的要求如此之高，因纽特人对待道德的务实态度很有道理)”可知，因纽特人的生活中，规范是不成文的，因纽特人的道德准则的形成是以社会传统为基础的。故选C项。 题型归纳02 写作意图推断题 ( 写作意图推断题主要考查考生对文中内容进行分析和总结的能力，属于深层次的理解题。作者在原文中一般不直接阐明自己的意图，而是通过文中所列举的事物，使读者感受到其传递的想法。写作意图与文体特征紧密相连，有时可以从文体特点推断写作意图。 记叙文 ： 特别是个人的有趣经历或幽默故事类的文章 —— 娱乐读者； 夹叙夹议文 ： 让读者得到某种启示或教育； 广告和议论文 ： 说服读者接受某种产品、服务或接受某种观点； 说明文或新闻报道 ： 告知读者某些信息。 ) 典例1【2024新高考II卷D篇节选】 Given the astonishing potential of AI to transform our lives, we all need to take action to deal with our AI-powered future, and this is where AI by Design: A Plan for Living with Artificial Intelligence comes in. This absorbing new book by Catriona Campbell is a practical roadmap addressing the challenges posed by the forthcoming AI revolution (变革). ....... Campbell’s point is to wake up those responsible for AI-the technology companies and world leaders-so they are on the same page as all the experts currently developing it. She explains we are at a “tipping point” in history and must act now to prevent an extinction-level event for humanity. We need to consider how we want our future with AI to pan out. Such structured thinking, followed by global regulation, will enable us to achieve greatness rather than our downfall. AI will affect us all, and if you only read one book on the subject, this is it. 15. What is the author’s purpose in writing the text? A. To recommend a book on AI. B. To give a brief account of AI history. C. To clarify the definition of AI. D. To honor an outstanding AI expert. 【答案】15. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了Catriona Campbell所著AI by Design: A Plan for Living with Artificial Intelligence一书。该书作为应对AI革命挑战的实用指南，以商业视角阐述AI发展现状与前景，强调控制AI的重要性，呼吁各界协同确保人工智能安全发展，以防潜在危机。 【15题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Given the astonishing potential of AI to transform our lives, we all need to take action to deal with our AI-powered future, and this is where AI by Design: A Plan for Living with Artificial Intelligence comes in. This absorbing new book by Catriona Campbell is a practical roadmap addressing the challenges posed by the forthcoming AI revolution (变革).  (考虑到人工智能改变我们生活的惊人潜力，我们都需要采取行动来应对人工智能驱动的未来，这正是AI by Design: A Plan for Living with Artificial Intelligence的用武之地。卡特里奥娜·坎贝尔撰写的这本引人入胜的新书是一本实用的路线图，旨在应对即将到来的人工智能革命带来的挑战)”和文章最后一段“AI will affect us all, and if you only read one book on the subject, this is it. (人工智能将影响我们所有人，如果你只读一本关于这个主题的书，那就是这本书)”可知，本文主要介绍了Catriona Campbell所著AI by Design: A Plan for Living with Artificial Intelligence一书，该书作为应对AI革命挑战的实用指南，以商业视角阐述AI发展现状与前景，强调控制AI的重要性，呼吁各界协同确保人工智能安全发展，以防潜在危机，所以作者写这篇文章的目的是推荐一本关于人工智能的书。故选A项。 典例2【2023新高考I卷C篇节选】 The goal of this book is to make the case for digital minimalism, including a detailed exploration of what it asks and why it works, and then to teach you how to adopt this philosophy if you decide it’s right for you. ........ The second part of this book takes a closer look at some ideas that will help you cultivate (培养) a sustainable digital minimalism lifestyle. In these chapters, I examine issues such as the importance of solitude (独处) and the necessity of cultivating high-quality leisure to replace the time most now spend on mindless device use. Each chapter concludes with a collection of practices, which are designed to help you act on the big ideas of the chapter. You can view these practices as a toolbox meant to aid your efforts to build a minimalist lifestyle that words for your particular circumstances. 28. What is the book aimed at? A. Teaching critical thinking skills. B. Advocating a simple digital lifestyle. C. Solving philosophical problems. D. Promoting the use of a digital device. 31. What does the author suggest readers do with the practices offered in part two? A. Use them as needed. B. Recommend them to friends. C. Evaluate their effects. D. Identify the ideas behind them. 【答案】$$