精品解析：新疆维吾尔自治区克孜勒苏柯尔克孜自治州阿克陶县2022-2023学年高三上学期11月期中英语试题

高二英语 第一部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳答案。 A Drive south from San Francisco on scenic Highway One to the once sleepy beach town of Half Moon Bay, where you’ll find Francis Beach, part of the Half Moon Bay State Beaches. With summertime water temperatures ranging from 13 to 18 degrees, a wet suit for swimming and surfing is a must. Although it’s often foggy, on clear days you can see out to Pillar Point Harbor, a wonderful fishing site. Rent a sea kayak(小艇) from Half Moon Bay Kayak Co, the first kayak company in the country to equip their boats with a GPS tracking device(装置). You can rent such a sea kayak and you will be at perfect surf wave,Mavericks($15 per hour; www.hmbkayak,com). Hikers and runners will enjoy the gentle wind along the waterfront seaside path,connecting several beaches, or at the paths of Pursima Cree Redwoods Open Space Preserve in the hills above town. Where to eat: Stay by the Half Moon Bay Brewery for high quality dishes, made with locally grown ingredients, or go back with the locals and a Maverick’s Amber Ale on the waterfront deck(www.hmbbrewingco.com). Where to stay: For five-star expensive hotels, check into the Ritz-Carlton, Half Moon Bay (from $305, www.ritzcarlton.com/resorts/half _moon_bay/). Enjoy the open-air dishes in the comfort of the new Ocean Terrace Restaurant overlooking the sea and be sure to enroll(使加入)the kids in the year-round Rita Kids program. For even more open-air living, book one of the 52 seaside campsites at Francis Beach’s state campground. In April, the campsite equipment was renewed and now includes hot showers ($25 a night; www.reserveamerica.com). 1. This text is mainly written for_________. A. Tourists who want to travel to Francis Beach B. People who are interested in American geography C. Kids who enjoy the year-around Ritz Kids program D. Hikers and runners wishing to enjoy the sea breezes along the beach 2. What activities are strongly recommended when you visit Francis Beach? a.Swimming b. surfing c. hiking d. fishing e.enjoying the open-air dishes f. enrolling the kids in the Ritz Kids program A. a,b,c,e B. b, c, d, e C. a, b, e, f D. c, d, e, f 3. We can learn from the text that______. A. There were no campsite facilities at Francis Beach’s state campground before April. B. Only Half Moon Bay Kayak Co has boats equipped with a GPS tracking device C. You don’t have to pay for camping at Francis Beach’s state campground. D. Half Moon Bay used to be an unknown beach town 4. If you want to reserve a campsite at Francis Beach, you can visit___. A. www.hmbkayak.com B. www.hmbbrewingco.com C. www.ritzcarlton.com D. www.reserveamerica.com 5. What would be the best title for this text? A. Enjoy Your Visit on Francis Beach. B. Eat on Francis Beach C. Travel to Francis Beach with a Kayak. D. Enjoy Beautiful Scenery of San Francisco. 【答案】1. A 2. C 3. D 4. D 5. A 【解析】 【分析】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了弗朗西斯海滩的一些特色，以及在弗朗西斯海滩旅行时的吃、住、行等问题。 1题详解】 推理判断题。文章是向游客介绍旅游景点Francis Beach，因此是写给想去弗朗西斯海滩旅行的游客的。故A项符合题意。故选A。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第一段的a wet suit for swimming and surfing is a must可知，游泳和冲浪是必需的；再根据最后一段的Enjoy the open-air dishes...and be sure to enroll (使参加) the kids in the year-round Ritz Kids program.可知，露天用餐和让孩子参加Ritz Kids活动也是不容错过的，故选C。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段的Drive south from San Francisco on scenic Highway One to the once sleepy beach town of Half Moon Bay(从旧金山向南行驶，在风景优美的第一高速公路上行驶到曾经冷冷清清的海滩小镇半月湾)可推断，半月湾曾经是一个未知的海滩小镇。故选D。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章最后一段中的For even more open-air living, book one of the 52 seaside campsites at Francis Beach's state campground... ($25 a night; www.reserveamerica.com) 可知，如果你想在Francis Beach预定一个露营地，你可以访问www.reserveamerica.com。故选D。 【5题详解】 主旨大意题。文章主要介绍了弗朗西斯海滩的一些特色，以及在弗朗西斯海滩旅行时的吃、住、行等问题，B、C、D项是片面内容；A项“享受你的弗朗西斯海滩之旅”最符合文意。故选A。 B Every few years, the humpback whales(座头鲸) come into the bay of California in November while they’re migrating(迁徙). In 2020, the whales were around again, so I decided to take out my kayak(小皮船) to watch them. I invited my friend Liz Chong to go with me but was refused at once, for she was worried that my light narrow boat would overturn while we were in it. I promised the boat was super stable, and told her how magnificent it would be to watch whales. After half an hour persuading, she finally agreed to go with me. We set out the next morning, and there were already other whale lovers in the bay. I spotted two pairs of whales swimming toward us. We were in excitement: it’s amazing to be so close to such a giant creature. We paddled closer, for I thought we’d be safe as they were just passing by. Suddenly, a group of fish, being run after by the whales, started jumping out of the water into our kayak, sounding like crackling glass around us. At that moment, I realized we were too close. Then the kayak was turned over—the whales were going to drag us down! Just in seconds one of them swallowed almost my entire body except for my right arm with a paddle. Liz, meanwhile, was being attacked by another whale too. We didn’t know that whales have enormous mouths but tiny throats—anything they can’t swallow, they cough out. Luckily, wearing life jackets, we were soon popped up out of the water. The entire suffering lasted only ten seconds, but to me it felt like forever. A few people nearby shot a video of the entire incident. They came up to check if we were OK. “You were in the whale’s mouth!” they told us. “We thought you were dead.” A few days later, I studied the video and saw how close I’d come to being injured or killed. I became so much more appreciative of life after that day. 6. What does the underlined word “magnificent” in Paragraph 1 mean? A. Frightening. B. Giant. C. Difficult. D. Impressive. 7. What did the author do after she spotted the whales? A. She packed up the fish jumping into her kayak. B. She paddled away when the whales swam toward her. C. She decided to follow and watch the whales closer. D. She dragged Liz down into the water to watch the whales. 8. Why weren’t the author and her friend eaten by the whales? A. They were too big for the whales to swallow. B. They were not so delicious as fish. C. They called people nearby to help the m out. D. They fought against the whales. 9. What would be the best title for the text? A. The Humpback Whale: Amazing Wildlife B. A Survival Story: Getting Swallowed By The Whale C. Liz Chong: My Best Friend Forever D. Whale Watching: An Exciting Activity 【答案】6. D 7. C 8. A 9. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者和朋友一起去海上看鲸鱼，意外地被鲸鱼吞到巨大的嘴巴里。但幸运地是，鲸鱼的喉咙很小，无法吞咽人体，这让她们幸免于难。 【6题详解】 词义猜测题。根据第一段“After half an hour persuading, she finally agreed to go with me.( 经过半小时的劝说，她终于同意和我一起去了)”可知，我邀请她一起，她拒绝了，在我半个小时的劝说下，她最终同意和我一起去，说明我说的都是好的方面，是有说服力的，即“I promised the boat was super stable, and told her how magnificent it would be to watch whales.(我许诺这艘船非常稳定，并告诉她看鲸鱼是多么magnificent。)”。所以我们可以猜测出划线词magnificent意思是“给人深刻印象的，壮观的”。故选D项。 【7题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“We were in excitement: it’s amazing to be so close to such a giant creature. We paddled closer, for I thought we’d be safe as they were just passing by. (我们都很兴奋：离这样一个巨大的生物这么近真是太神奇了。我们划桨去更靠近些，因为我以为我们很安全，因为他们只是经过。)”可知，当作者发现鲸鱼之后，她决定靠近上点，以便于近距离地观察它们。故选C项。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“We didn’t know that whales have enormous mouths but tiny throats—anything they can’t swallow, they cough out.(我们不知道鲸鱼有巨大的嘴，但有着很小的喉咙——任何它们不能吞咽的东西，它们就会咳出来。)”可知，作者和她的朋友没有被鲸鱼吃了，是因为鲸鱼有着很小的喉咙，无法把人吞咽下去。故选A项。 【9题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第三段“(We didn’t know that whales have enormous mouths but tiny throats—anything they can’t swallow, they cough out. Luckily, wearing life jackets, we were soon popped up out of the water.我们不知道鲸鱼有巨大的嘴，但有小喉咙——任何它们不能吞咽的东西，它们就会咳出来。幸运的是，我们穿着救生衣，很快就从水里冒了出来。)”可知，虽然鲸鱼有着大嘴巴，但是有着很小的喉咙，无法把人吞咽下去，所以作者和她的朋友幸存下来。再结合全文，所以最佳题目是“一个幸存的故事：被鲸鱼吞了”。故选B项。 C For years, scientists have been mapping this remote forest in Montana for an animal that’s extremely tricky to find. Camera traps haven’t offered convincing evidence, and even experts can’t identify its tracks with certainty. But within the past decades, researchers have developed a technique called DNA metabarcoding that can detect even the most hidden species. The world is covered in DNA. It’s all around us — on the ground, down in the ocean and up in the clouds, which begins to break down once exposed to the environment. In 2018, scientists took a sample from some well-beaten snow tracks. Lab tests showed conclusive results: the Canada lynx (山猫) was indeed present in the area. Without seeing the cat, scientists had proof it was there because of environmental DNA or eDNA. The process of DNA metabarcoding starts with an environmental sample like a bit of soil or the blood from leeches’ (水蛭) stomachs. Researchers use enzymes (酶) that break down cellular proteins and release DNA, which they purify. The result is a “soup” of all the DNA in the sample. Scientists then apply the polymerase chain reaction (PCR), which uses artificial DNA thread called universal primers. These primers bind to DNA sequences (序列) that are similar across species, then enlarge genetic barcodes (条形码) that are species-specific. A special device reads millions of these DNA parts. Finally, researchers compare them to reference databases and identify how many and which species are present. This method has led to the discovery and identification of tens of thousands of species over the past decade. In Yosemite, researchers used eDNA to track and remove aggressive bullfrogs. DNA metabarcoding can also be used to monitor biodiversity. For example, using traditional approaches, categorizing all of the insects in a hectare of rainforest can take decades, but DNA from insect traps could produce these results in just a few months. 10. How can DNA metabarcoding help researchers? A. By helping spot hidden animals. B. By replacing camera’s functions. C. By mapping remote forests accurately. D. By setting up traps to catch animals more easily. 11. What can we learn from paragraph 2? A. eDNA metabarcoding’s application is convincing. B. DNA forms and disappears around us in a mysterious way. C. Scientists did see the Canada lynx in the area. D. Seeing things with our own eyes is not necessary. 12. What does paragraph 3 mainly talk about? A. The wide uses of an environmental sample. B. The vital role chemistry plays in DNA metabarcoding. C. The steps of carrying out a DNA metabarcoding analysis. D. Scientists’ efforts in developing a device to read DNA parts. 13 What is the author’s attitude towards DNA metabarcoding? A. Suspicious. B. Positive. C. Indifferent. D. Critical. 【答案】10. A 11. A 12. C 13. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了科学家使用DNA metabarcoding（DNA代谢物编码）这一新技术来发现大自然中那些行踪隐秘难以察觉的野生动物，以及这项新技术在相关领域的应用。 【10题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“But within the past decades, researchers have developed a technique called DNA metabarcoding that can detect even the most hidden species.”（但在过去几十年里，研究人员开发了一种称为DNA代谢物编码的技术，它甚至可以检测到最隐蔽的物种。）可知，DNA代谢物编码技术帮助追踪隐秘的野生动物。故选A项。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“In 2018, scientists took a sample from some well-beaten snow tracks. Lab tests showed conclusive results: the Canada lynx (山猫) was indeed present in the area. Without seeing the cat, scientists had proof it was there because of environmental DNA or eDNA.”（2018年，科学家从一些踏得很平雪地上采集了样本。实验室测试显示结论性结果：加拿大山猫确实存在于该地区。在没有看到这种猫的情况下，科学家们有证据证明它存在，因为环境DNA或环境脱氧核糖核酸。），可知用一个具体例子说明了研究人员通过提取相关DNA后运用eDNA metabarcoding分析技术成功发现了加拿大山猫存在的证据，可推知该项技术的应用是令人信服的。故选A项。 【12题详解】 段落大意题。根据第三段“Finally, researchers compare them to reference databases and identify how many and which species are present.”（最后，研究人员将其与参考数据库进行比较，确定存在多少物种以及哪些物种。）以及结合前面几句内容，可知文章第三段主要介绍了DNA metabarcoding分析法的具体操作流程和步骤，从而最终确定相关物种的数量和种类。故选C项。 【13题详解】 观点态度题。根据最后一段“This method has led to the discovery and identification of tens of thousands of species over the past decade.”（在过去的十年里，这种方法已经促使数万种物种的发现和鉴定。），可知文章介绍了科学家使用DNA metabarcoding这一新技术来发现大自然中那些行踪隐秘的野生动物，以及最后一段提到这项技术在相关领域的成功应用，说明作者对这项技术的作用持积极态度。故选B项。 D The Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC) and University of Central Lanca-shire (UCLan) share findings of a project to improve student engagement with science, technology, engineering and mathematics (STEM). It’s long been acknowledged that students from disadvantaged backgrounds are under-represented in science, technology, engineering and mathematics careers. Now, research conducted by UCLan and funded by STFC shows the causes of this problem and points to innovative solutions. The Blackpool Physics; Inspire, Engage, Research (PIER) project found that primary school children from low socio-economic areas are just as interested in science but lack knowledge about possible science careers. The PIER project is following a group of pupils as they progress from Grade 6 to Grade 9, using surveys, interviews and other assessments to measure interest in science. These initial findings suggest that attempts to increase science participation among young people should not simply promote the subject as “fun” or “interesting”. Instead, greater impact could be achieved by demonstrating clearly how science can open possible future career opportunities. Many of the pupils taking part in the study understood that studying science could be useful but few could explain why, suggesting a need for greater education about STEM careers. As well as broadening our understanding of the issue, the PIER project is solving the problem head on. The team has carried out a variety of activities each year for the participants, including “meet the scientists” events, trips to UCLan’s Alston Observatory as well as family science events at school. Lead Researcher and STFC Fellow in Public Engagement, Professor Robert Walsh, said, “Much government policy towards boosting science in higher education focuses on an assumed lack of interest and desire in low-socioeconomic groups.” However, the enthusiasm is already there and this “hidden science identity” needs to be revealed and translated into real-life prospects for these young people. We’re recommending that programs instead allow young people to explore their science identity more fully and provide innovative ways to discover the jobs that studying science may lead to. 14. What do people generally believe about poor students? A. They have no interest in STEM careers. B. They are not engaged enough in science. C. They are more representative of science. D. They have many character disadvantages. 15. What does the PIER project pay more attention to? A. Assessing pupils’ performance. B. Increasing the surveys of pupils. C. Demonstrating the potential value of science. D. Promoting the subject as “fun” or “interesting”. 16. Why does the team conduct various activities? A. To boost science development. B. To meet the pupils’ needs for school events. C. To promote teaching related careers’ development. D. To improve students’ understanding of STEM careers. 17. What is the best title for the text? A. What Is the Definition of PIER? B. Increase Pupils’ Learning Awareness C. How Does the PIER Project Come into Being? D. The PIER Project Helps Poor Pupils Engage in Science 【答案】14. B 15. C 16. D 17. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了为了帮助来自贫穷地区学生更多参与对科学、技术、工程和数学的参与度而展开的The PIER项目。 【14题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第二段“It’s long been acknowledged that students from disadvantaged backgrounds are under-represented in science, technology, engineering and mathematics careers.(长期以来，人们一直认为，来自弱势背景的学生在科学、技术、工程和数学领域的代表性不足。)”可知人们通常认为一些弱势背景的学生对科学的参与度不够。故选B项。 【15题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第三段“These initial findings suggest that attempts to increase science participation among young people should not simply promote the subject as “fun” or “interesting”. Instead, greater impact could be achieved by demonstrating clearly how science can open possible future career opportunities.(这些初步发现表明，增加年轻人科学参与的尝试不应该简单地将这一主题推广为“令人愉快的”或“有趣的”。相反，通过清楚地展示科学如何打开未来可能的职业机会，可以获得更大的影响。)可知PIER项目将注意力更多地放在去展示科学的潜在价值上。故选C项。 【16题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第四段“Many of the pupils taking part in the study understood that studying science could be useful but few could explain why, suggesting a need for greater education about STEM careers. As well as broadening our understanding of the issue, the PIER project is solving the problem head on. The team has carried out a variety of activities each year for the participants, including “meet the scientists” events, trips to UCLan’s Alston Observatory as well as family science events at school.(许多参与这项研究的学生理解学习科学可能很有用，但很少有人能解释为什么，这表明需要对STEM职业进行更多的教育。除了扩大我们对这个问题的理解外，PIER项目也在正面解决这个问题。该团队每年为参与者开展各种活动，包括“与科学家见面”活动、前往乌克兰的奥尔斯顿天文台以及在学校举办的家庭科学活动。)”可知这支团队举办各种活动的目的是为了提高学生对STEM职业的理解。故选D项。 【17题详解】 主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“The Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC) and University of Central Lanca-shire (UCLan) share findings of a project to improve student engagement with science, technology, engineering and mathematics (STEM).(科学和技术设施委员会和中央兰卡郡大学分享了一个项目的发现，以提高学生对科学、技术、工程和数学(stem)的参与度。)”以及最后一段““Much government policy towards boosting science in higher education focuses on an assumed lack of interest and desire in low-socioeconomic groups.” However, the enthusiasm is already there and this “hidden science identity” needs to be revealed and translated into real-life prospects for these young people. We’re recommending that programs instead allow young people to explore their science identity more fully and provide innovative ways to discover the jobs that studying science may lead to.(“政府促进高等教育科学的政策都集中在低社会经济群体兴趣和欲望的缺乏上。”然而，这种热情已经存在，这种“隐藏的科学身份”需要被揭示出来，并转化为这些年轻人的现实生活前景。我们建议这个项目让年轻人更充分地探索他们的科学身份，并提供创新的方式来发现研究科学可能带来的工作。)”以及其他三段的主要内容可知文章主要是在围绕着PIER项目如何帮助贫穷的学生更多地从事科学活动展开的。D项“PIER项目帮助贫困学生从事科学研究”可以作为本文的最佳标题。故选D项。 第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 12.5 分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项 为多余选项。 In this video, I am going to give you a guide on how to become a real alpha man. And there are three traits that you need to understand. ___18___ And this is easier said than done. When a man does not know his purpose, he is kind of like a leaf blowing in the wind. And he’s easily influenced by the environment around him. Usually it takes a very long time to uncover your purpose. And just actively seeking out your purpose is a trait of an alpha man. The second trait may sound very simple but it’s of great importance. Alpha men go after what they want in life. ___19___ If they see a business opportunity, they will pursue it. If they don’t like something within their life, they will go and change it. There are so many people today who complain and are not happy with certain aspects in their life. ___20___ But alpha men are doers. The third and final trait of alpha males is that they have passion. It’s important to have passion in life and to be passionate about living life. Positive energy is infectious. Just like how negative energy is infectious. I’m sure we have all experienced being around someone who is very negative and we feel negative just by being around them. And when you are around other people, they also feel that they’re under your umbrella of negativity. ___21___ So those are the three most important traits of being an alpha man. Be authentic to yourself. And live life on your own terms. ___22___ A. If they have a question, they will ask it. B. The same idea goes for being around positive people. C. Many people are not able to share their opinions and beliefs. D. And they just sit by while opportunities and problems pass them by. E. If you enjoyed this video, please share it with a friend or leave it a like. F. The first trait to becoming an alpha male is to know your purpose in your life. G. But they are not willing to take the steps and to take the action to fix those things. 【答案】18. F 19. A 20. D 21. B 22. E 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，通过视频的形式介绍了成为一个真正的“阿尔法男人”的指南。指南主要包括了解自己的人生目标，追求想要的生活，富有激情三个方面。 【18题详解】 上文“And there are three traits that you need to understand.”(您需要了解三个特征。)说明文章接下来要讲解“三个特征”。根据下文“When a man does not know his purpose, he is kind of like a leaf blowing in the wind. And he’s easily influenced by the environment around him. Usually it takes a very long time to uncover your purpose. And just actively seeking out your purpose is a trait of an alpha man. ”(当一个人不知道自己的目的时，他就像一片随风飘扬的树叶。而且他很容易受到周围环境的影响。通常需要很长时间才能发现你的目的。只是积极地寻找你的目标是一个阿尔法男人的特征。)可知，下文主要讲解了“寻找目标”这一特征。F项前半句“The first trait to becoming an alpha male ”与上文一致，后半句“is to know your purpose in your life.”与下文一致，故选F项。 【19题详解】 上文“Alpha men go after what they want in life.”(阿尔法男人追求他们想要的生活。)可知，第二个特征是“追求想要的生活”。下文“If they see a business opportunity, they will pursue it. If they don’t like something within their life, they will go and change it.”(如果他们看到了商机，他们就会去追求它。如果他们不喜欢生活中的某些东西，他们就会去改变它。)说明了“追求想要的生活”的具体做法。A项“If they have a question, they will ask it.”(如果他们有问题，他们会问。)也是具体做法之一，且句型也跟下文一致，故选A项。 【20题详解】 上文“There are so many people today who complain and are not happy with certain aspects in their life.”(今天有很多人抱怨并且对生活中的某些方面不满意。)说明了一些人与阿尔法男人不一样的生活表现。根据下文“But alpha men are doers.”(但阿尔法男人是实干家。)中的“But”可知，前后是转折关系，即“其他人并非实干家”。D项“And they just sit by while opportunities and problems pass them by.”(他们只是袖手旁观，机会和问题从他们身边溜走。)中的“他们”就是上文的“many people”，与上文一致，句意与下文构成转折，符合句意。故选D项。 【21题详解】 上文“The third and final trait of alpha males is that they have passion.”(阿尔法男性的第三个也是最后一个特征是他们有激情。)可知，本段主要讲解“富有激情”这一特点。接着说了“积极和消极一样具有传染性”。B项“The same idea goes for being around positive people.”(同样的想法也适用于与积极的人在一起。)再一次说明了它们的“传染性一致”，符合句意，故选B项。 【22题详解】 文章第一段“In this video, I am going to give you a guide on how to become a real alpha man.”(在本视频中，我将为您提供有关如何成为真正的“阿尔法男人”的指南。)可知，本文主要是以视频的形式来讲解的。E项“If you enjoyed this video, please share it with a friend or leave it a like.”(如果您喜欢这个视频，请与朋友分享或点个赞。)的用语，也符合视频形式，故选E项。 第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分 30分） 第一节（共 15小题；每小题 1 分满分 15 分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Veteran (老兵) Willenbring has always been a fighter. She grew up with her parents on the West Coast during an adolescence she describes as sometimes ___23___. But the military struck Willenbring as a way to ___24___ the aggression she says built up during an unstable upbringing. In 1998, she joined the army and was ___25___ to a foreign country. “We were actually part of the initial ___26___to go into the country,” she says. “And I can’t even describe the ___27___.” In the scenes of destruction, Willenbring recalled some ordinary sights that briefly woke her from the stress of the war every night. As her mission came to an end, her luck ran out. She ended up severely ___28___ and had to be taken away in an air ambulance. She ___29___ returned to her home country, and spent three years living in her hometown, a city called Salem. She ___30___ to adjust to civilian life. Fireworks would ___31___ particularly difficult episodes. “I had PTSD (创伤后应激障碍) so badly that I could not ____32____ living in a city anymore,” she says. Instead, in 2010 Willenbring ____33____ on a plot with sheep in rural Oregon. The sheep, she says, have helped her manage her trauma symptoms. She’s surrounded by animals that ____34____ her emotions and can tell her own mood. The ____35____ rural life is an apparent contrast to the chaos of battle. Willenbring hasn’t had a major ____36____related to her PTSD for eight years. Farming has its dramas, she says, “but it is also something that is about creation, about ____37____ over death rather than death over life.” 23. A. violent B. graceful C. cheerful D. sad 24. A. encourage B. channel C. resist D. ignore 25. A. sent B. delivered C. brought D. led 26. A. government B. police C. force D. organization 27. A. situation B. scenery C. background D. chaos 28. A. punished B. neglected C. embarrassed D. injured 29. A. hardly B. temporarily C. immediately D. cautiously 30. A. struggled B. managed C. hesitated D. pretended 31. A. extend B. trigger C. pause D. shrink 32. A. go with B. begin with C. deal with D. negotiate with 33. A. settled B. went C. relied D. lay 34. A. control B. mirror C. express D. hide 35. A. tough B. uneasy C. peaceful D. challenging 36. A. element B. reason C. method D. episode 37. A. kindness B. gratitude C. victory D. life 【答案】23. A 24. B 25. A 26. C 27. D 28. D 29. C 30. A 31. B 32. C 33. A 34. B 35. C 36. D 37. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Willenbring从战场受伤回来后，患上了严重的创伤后应激障碍，战争的残酷记忆让她无法适应正常生活，她搬去了偏远的乡村，和羊生活在一起，平静的乡村生活缓解了她的创伤后应激障碍。 【23题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她青春期时和父母一起在西海岸长大，她形容她的青春期有时很暴力。A. violent暴力的；B. graceful优雅的；C. cheerful兴高采烈的；D. sad悲哀的。根据下文“aggression”和“during an unstable upbringing”可知，她处在一个不稳定的生活环境中，性格中带有侵略性，由此可知，她的青春期有时很暴力。故选A项。 【24题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：但Willenbring突然想到了军队，以此来疏导她所说的在不稳定的成长过程中建立起来的侵略性。A. encourage鼓励；B. channel开导，疏导；C. resist抵制；D. ignore忽视。根据下文“she joined the army”可知，她参军了，由此可知，她用参军的方式来疏导自己的侵略性。故选B项。 【25题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：1998年，她参军并被派遣到国外。A. sent派遣；B. delivered递送；C. brought带来；D. led引领。根据句中“she joined the army”可知，她参军了，由此可知，她被军方派遣到国外。故选A项。 【26题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：“我们实际上是进入该国的最初的武装力量的一部分，”她说。A. government政府；B. police警方；C. force武装力量；D. organization组织。根据上文“she joined the army”可知，她参军了，由此可知，她所在的军队是作为武装力量进入其他国家的。故选C项。 【27题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我甚至无法描述这种混乱。A. situation状况；B. scenery风景；C. background背景；D. chaos混乱。根据下文“In the scenes of destruction”可知，她身处在毁灭的场景中，由此可知，她无法描述那种混乱。故选D项。 【28题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她最后受了重伤，不得不被救护飞机带走。A. punished惩罚；B. neglected忽视；C. embarrassed使窘迫；D. injured使受伤。根据句中“had to be taken away in an air ambulance”可知，她不得不被救护飞机带走，由此可知，她受了重伤。故选D项。 【29题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：她立即回到了自己的祖国，并在家乡萨勒姆住了三年。A. hardly几乎不；B. temporarily暂时；C. immediately立即；D. cautiously谨慎地。根据上文“She ended up severely _____ and had to be taken away in an air ambulance.”可知，她受了重伤，离开了战场，被救护飞机带走了，由此可知，受伤之后，她立即回到了自己的祖国。故选C项。 【30题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她努力适应平民生活。A. struggled挣扎；努力；B. managed管理；C. hesitated犹豫；D. pretended假装。根据下文“I had PTSD”可知，残酷的战争让她患上了创伤后应激障碍，由此可知，她挣扎着适应平民生活。故选A项。 【31题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：烟花会触发特别困难的经历。A. extend延伸；B. trigger触发；C. pause暂停；D. shrink收缩。根据下文“I had PTSD”可知，她患上了创伤后应激障碍，由此可知，烟花好似战争中的炮火，会触发她曾经的痛苦经历。故选B项。 【32题详解】 考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：她说：“我的创伤后应激障碍非常严重，以至于我再也无法应付城市生活。”A. go with与……一起存在，伴随；B. begin with以……开始；C. deal with应付，冷静面对；D. negotiate with与……谈判。根据句中“I had PTSD (创伤后应激障碍) so badly”可知，她患上了非常严重的创伤后应激障碍，由此可知，她再也无法应付城市生活了。故选C项。 33题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：相反，2010年，Willenbring在俄勒冈州农村与羊群一起定居在一块土地上。A. settled定居；B. went去；C. relied依靠；D. lay放置。根据上文“I could not _____ living in a city anymore”可知，她无法应付城市生活，由此可知，她定居在一块俄勒冈州农村的土地上。故选A项。 【34题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她身边的动物反映了她的情绪，可以显示她自己的心情。A. control控制；B. mirror反映；C. express表达；D. hide隐藏。根据句中“can tell her own mood”可知，她身边的动物可以显示她自己的心情，由此可知，她身边的动物反映了她的情绪。故选B项。 【35题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：平静的乡村生活与混乱的战争形成了鲜明的对比。A. tough艰苦的；B. uneasy不安的；C. peaceful平静的；D. challenging具有挑战性的。根据句中“an apparent contrast”可知，与混乱的战争形成鲜明对比的应该是平静的乡村生活，“The peaceful rural life”与“the chaos of battle”形成对比。故选C项。 【36题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：Willenbring已经八年没有发生过与创伤后应激障碍有关的重要经历了。A. element要素；B. reason原因；C. method方法；D. episode一段经历。根据上文“The sheep, she says, have helped her manage her trauma symptoms.”可知，和动物生活在一起的乡村生活帮助她缓解了创伤后应激障碍，由此可知，她已经八年没有发生过与创伤后应激障碍有关的重要经历了，“episode”与上文“Fireworks would _____ particularly difficult episodes.”中的“episode”呼应。故选D项。 【37题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：农业有它的戏剧性，她说，“但它也是关于创造的东西，关于生命胜于死亡，而不是死亡胜于生命。”A. kindness仁慈；B. gratitude感激；C. victory胜利；D. life生命。根据句中“death over life”可知，句中把生命和死亡进行比较，由此可知，句中指生命胜于死亡，而不是死亡胜于生命。故选D项。 第二节（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Traditionally, we Chinese attach great importance to(依恋) our hometown and are often ____38____(willing)to migrate to other places. However, in present times, in particular after the reform and opening-up policy was introduced, more and more people feel like ____39____(settle)down in more developed cities just as my family members did. My parents were both in Sichuan. In 1963, a time when ____40____(graduate)were assigned(被任命的) jobs by the government, my father received a job in Beijing. After I was born in 1969, my parents went to work in Xinjiang. In the 1980s, Chinese society was filled with hope, and people worked hard to achieve their dreams. So did my family. In 1988, admitted ____41____Renmin University of China, I went to Beijing. It took me 72 hours by train____42____(travel)from Xinjiang to Beijing, with a distance of over 3,770 kilometers. In 1990, my brother also passed the entrance ____43____(exam)and chose his favorite major and he was enrolled in a university in Guangzhou, ____44____he now lives and works. Recalling the changes over the past four decades, I think____45____(improve) transportation is very important to our family. The long distance kept us apart most of the time. Today, ____46____speed and methods of transportation have been improved a lot, which has_____47_____(entire)transformed our life and can bring us together easily. 【答案】38. unwilling 39. settling 40. graduates 41. to##into 42. to travel 43. examination 44. where 45. improved 46. the 47. entirely 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述在时代变迁中，一个中国人及其家人的生活所发生的变化。 【38题详解】 考查形容词。句意：传统上，我们中国人非常重视我们的家乡，往往不愿意移民到其他地方。根据句意及句子结构可知，设空处应表示“不愿意”，故用形容词unwilling，作表语，故填unwilling。 【39题详解】 考查动名词。句意：然而，在当今时代，特别是改革开放后，越来越多的人像我的家人一样想在更发达的城市定居。根据句意及句子结构可知，此处考查短语feel like doing sth.，表示“想要做某事”，设空处故填动名词作宾语，故填settling。 【40题详解】 考查名词的数。句意：1963年，政府给毕业生分配工作，我父亲在北京找到了一份工作。根据句意及句子结构可知，设空处应填名词，作从句的主语，表示“毕业生”。根据谓语动词were可知，主语应填可数名词可数。故填graduates。 【41题详解】 考查介词。句意：1988年考入中国人民大学，我去了北京。根据句意及句子结构可知，本句考查短语be admitted to/into，表示“被录取，考入”，故填to/into。 【42题详解】 考查不定式。句意：我从新疆坐72个小时的火车去北京，距离超过3770公里。根据句意及句子结构可知，本句考查固定句型It took sb.+时间to do sth.，表示“花某人多长时间做某事”，故设空处应填不定式，作真正的主语，故填to travel。 【43题详解】 考查名词。句意：1990年，弟弟也通过了高考，选择了自己喜欢的专业，考上了广州的一所大学。现在，他在那里生活和工作。根据句意及句子结构可知，此处表示“高考”，故用短语the entrance examination，设空处故填名词examination。故填examination。 【44题详解】 考查非限制性定语从句的引导词。句意：1990年，弟弟也通过了高考，选择了自己喜欢的专业，考上了广州的一所大学。现在，他在那里生活和工作。根据句意及句子结构可知，本句是非限制性定语从句，先行词是Guangzhou，从句缺少地点状语，应用关系副词where。故填where。 【45题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：回顾过去四十年的变化，我认为改善的交通对我们的家庭非常重要。根据句意及句子结构可知，设空处应填非谓语动词。transportation与improve是动宾关系，故用过去分词improved作定语，修饰transportation。故填improved。 【46题详解】 考查冠词。句意：今天，交通的速度和方式已经大大提高，这完全改变了我们的生活，可以容易地将我们聚集在一起。根据句意及句子结构可知，本句特指“今天的交通速度和方式已经大大提高”，故用定冠词the修饰，故填the。 【47题详解】 考查副词。句意：今天，交通的速度和方式已经大大提高，这完全改变了我们的生活，可以容易地将我们聚集在一起。根据句意及句子结构可知，设空处应填副词entirely，作状语，表示“完全地”，故填entirely。 第三部分 写作（共两节，满分 40 分） 第一节（满分 15 分） 48. 理想是指路明灯，理想的实现只靠干，不靠空谈。高三学生理应有自己初步的职业规划。请你写一篇主题为“理想取业”演讲稿，在英语课堂上分享. 内容主要包括： 1.选择的职业； 2.选择的理由； 3.如何能实现. 注意： 1.写作词数应为80左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】When people ask me what kind of job I want to work on in the future, my answer is to be a teacher, which is my ideal job. I like to pass knowledge to next generation and lead them to find their own places in the world. What’s more, I can live near my families, so I can go home often and enjoy the dinner with them. I don't want to work far away from my parents, because money can't make up the time we stay together. When I become a teacher, I will have the long vacation, then I plan to travel around the world. The place I visit will bring me a lot of knowledge and open my vision. I will show what I learn to my students and let them know more about the world. I must fight for my ideal career. 【解析】 【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生写一篇主题为“理想职业”的演讲稿，在英语课堂上分享。 【详解】1.词汇积累 而且：what’s more→moreover 想做：want to do→be willing to do 弥补：make up→compensate for 眼界：vision→horizon 2.句式拓展 并列句变复合句 原句：I like to pass knowledge to next generation and lead them to find their own places in the world. 拓展句：I like to pass knowledge to next generation so that I can lead them to find their own places in the world. 【点睛】【高分句型1】When people ask me what kind of job I want to work on in the future, my answer is to be a teacher, which is my ideal job.（运用了what引导宾语从句和which引导非限制性定语从句） 【高分句型2】I don't want to work far away from my parents, because money can't make up the time we stay together.（运用了because引导的原因状语从句） 第二节、读后续写 49. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 On a snowy day Steve sat down on the usual seat in the Union Square. Every Thanksgiving for nine years he had sat down there at one in the afternoon. Every time, a wonderful thing happened to him, which made his heart feel full of joy. On those other Thanksgiving Days, Steve usually had been hungry. But today Steve was not hungry. He had come from a dinner so big that he had almost no power to move. His body had suddenly become too big for his clothes; it seemed ready to break out of them. They were torn. You could see his skin through a hole in the front of his shirt. But the cold wind, with snow in it, felt pleasantly cool to him. The dinner had not been expected. He had been passing a large house near the beginning of that great broad street called Fifth Avenue, where lived two ladies of an old family who had a deep love of tradition that on Thanksgiving Day food will be offered to the first hungry person to walk by. Today Steve happened to be the one to pass by on his way to the park. Steve sat in the park, appearing to be waiting for somebody, but appearing not to expect something to happen. Suddenly his eyes grew wider and his breath stopped. For the old gentleman was coming across Fourth Avenue toward Steve’s seat. Every Thanksgiving Day for nine years the old gentleman had come there to find Steve on his seat. Then he had led Steve to a restaurant and watched him eat a big dinner, which had been a part of Thanksgiving Day. The old gentleman was thin and tall and sixty. His hair was whiter and thinner than it had been last year. His legs shook, seeming not as strong as they were the year before. 注意：1. 续写词数应为150左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 As this kind old gentleman came toward him, Steve began to shake and his breath was shorter. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ With these words, the old man looked into Steve' s eyes, expecting Steve to accept the dinner. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 As this kind old gentleman came toward him, Steve began to shake and his breath was shorter. He wished he could fly away. But he could not move from his seat. “Good afternoon,” said the old gentleman. “Glad to see you again. Come with me, my man, and I will give you a dinner that will surely make your body feel as thankful as your mind.” Those are what the old gentleman said every time. The words themselves were almost a tradition. Always before, they had been music in Steve’s ear. But now he looked up at the old gentleman’s face, totally at a loss what to say. With these words, the old man looked into Steve’s eyes, expecting Steve to accept the dinner. Steve hesitated for half a minute, helpless and very sorry for himself. And then Steve made a strange noise, and said: “Thank you. I’m very hungry.” which the old gentleman had heard nine times before, he understood it. Steve was very full, but he understood that he was a part of a tradition. His desire for food on Thanksgiving Day was not his own. It belonged to this kind old gentleman. Then he struggled to stand up and followed the gentleman in the snow. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，主要讲述乞讨者Steve9年里，每年过感恩节的时候，因为饥饿，都会被善良的人提供食物，甚至有位绅士每年都会主动去他经常待的联合广场去找他，给他一顿丰盛的晚餐的经历。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“当这位和蔼的老先生向他走来时，史蒂夫开始发抖，呼吸也变得急促起来。”可知，第一段可描写接下来老先生要为史蒂夫提供晚餐的情况。 ②由第二段首句内容“说完这些话，老人看着史蒂夫的眼睛，希望史蒂夫接受晚餐。”可知，第二段可描写蒂夫接受了老先生的晚餐的情况。 2.续写线索：重遇老先生——被提供晚餐——表示感谢——离开 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①移动：move/walk ②犹豫：hesitate/vacillate ③渴望：desire/long for 情绪类 ①高兴的：glad/happy ②感激的：thankful/grateful 【点睛】【高分句型1】He wished he could fly away.（由省略连词that引导的宾语从句） 【高分句型2】Come with me, my man, and I will give you a dinner that will surely make your body feel as thankful as your mind.（由that引导的定语从句） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 高二英语 第一部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳答案。 A Drive south from San Francisco on scenic Highway One to the once sleepy beach town of Half Moon Bay, where you’ll find Francis Beach, part of the Half Moon Bay State Beaches. With summertime water temperatures ranging from 13 to 18 degrees, a wet suit for swimming and surfing is a must. Although it’s often foggy, on clear days you can see out to Pillar Point Harbor, a wonderful fishing site. Rent a sea kayak(小艇) from Half Moon Bay Kayak Co, the first kayak company in the country to equip their boats with a GPS tracking device(装置). You can rent such a sea kayak and you will be at perfect surf wave,Mavericks($15 per hour; www.hmbkayak,com). Hikers and runners will enjoy the gentle wind along the waterfront seaside path,connecting several beaches, or at the paths of Pursima Cree Redwoods Open Space Preserve in the hills above town. Where to eat: Stay by the Half Moon Bay Brewery for high quality dishes, made with locally grown ingredients, or go back with the locals and a Maverick’s Amber Ale on the waterfront deck(www.hmbbrewingco.com). Where to stay: For five-star expensive hotels, check into the Ritz-Carlton, Half Moon Bay (from $305, www.ritzcarlton.com/resorts/half _moon_bay/). Enjoy the open-air dishes in the comfort of the new Ocean Terrace Restaurant overlooking the sea and be sure to enroll(使加入)the kids in the year-round Rita Kids program. For even more open-air living, book one of the 52 seaside campsites at Francis Beach’s state campground. In April, the campsite equipment was renewed and now includes hot showers ($25 a night; www.reserveamerica.com). 1. This text is mainly written for_________. A. Tourists who want to travel to Francis Beach B. People who are interested in American geography C. Kids who enjoy the year-around Ritz Kids program D. Hikers and runners wishing to enjoy the sea breezes along the beach 2. What activities are strongly recommended when you visit Francis Beach? a.Swimming b. surfing c. hiking d. fishing e.enjoying the open-air dishes f. enrolling the kids in the Ritz Kids program A. a,b,c,e B. b, c, d, e C. a, b, e, f D. c, d, e, f 3. We can learn from the text that______. A. There were no campsite facilities at Francis Beach’s state campground before April. B. Only Half Moon Bay Kayak Co has boats equipped with a GPS tracking device C. You don’t have to pay for camping at Francis Beach’s state campground. D. Half Moon Bay used to be an unknown beach town 4. If you want to reserve a campsite at Francis Beach, you can visit___. A. www.hmbkayak.com B. www.hmbbrewingco.com C. www.ritzcarlton.com D. www.reserveamerica.com 5 What would be the best title for this text? A. Enjoy Your Visit on Francis Beach. B. Eat on Francis Beach C. Travel to Francis Beach with a Kayak. D. Enjoy Beautiful Scenery of San Francisco. B Every few years, the humpback whales(座头鲸) come into the bay of California in November while they’re migrating(迁徙). In 2020, the whales were around again, so I decided to take out my kayak(小皮船) to watch them. I invited my friend Liz Chong to go with me but was refused at once, for she was worried that my light narrow boat would overturn while we were in it. I promised the boat was super stable, and told her how magnificent it would be to watch whales. After half an hour persuading, she finally agreed to go with me. We set out the next morning, and there were already other whale lovers in the bay. I spotted two pairs of whales swimming toward us. We were in excitement: it’s amazing to be so close to such a giant creature. We paddled closer, for I thought we’d be safe as they were just passing by. Suddenly, a group of fish, being run after by the whales, started jumping out of the water into our kayak, sounding like crackling glass around us. At that moment, I realized we were too close. Then the kayak was turned over—the whales were going to drag us down! Just in seconds one of them swallowed almost my entire body except for my right arm with a paddle. Liz, meanwhile, was being attacked by another whale too. We didn’t know that whales have enormous mouths but tiny throats—anything they can’t swallow, they cough out. Luckily, wearing life jackets, we were soon popped up out of the water. The entire suffering lasted only ten seconds, but to me it felt like forever. A few people nearby shot a video of the entire incident. They came up to check if we were OK. “You were in the whale’s mouth!” they told us. “We thought you were dead.” A few days later, I studied the video and saw how close I’d come to being injured or killed. I became so much more appreciative of life after that day. 6. What does the underlined word “magnificent” in Paragraph 1 mean? A. Frightening. B. Giant. C. Difficult. D. Impressive. 7. What did the author do after she spotted the whales? A. She packed up the fish jumping into her kayak. B. She paddled away when the whales swam toward her. C. She decided to follow and watch the whales closer. D. She dragged Liz down into the water to watch the whales. 8. Why weren’t the author and her friend eaten by the whales? A. They were too big for the whales to swallow. B. They were not so delicious as fish. C. They called people nearby to help the m out. D. They fought against the whales. 9. What would be the best title for the text? A. The Humpback Whale: Amazing Wildlife B. A Survival Story: Getting Swallowed By The Whale C. Liz Chong: My Best Friend Forever D. Whale Watching: An Exciting Activity C For years scientists have been mapping this remote forest in Montana for an animal that’s extremely tricky to find. Camera traps haven’t offered convincing evidence, and even experts can’t identify its tracks with certainty. But within the past decades, researchers have developed a technique called DNA metabarcoding that can detect even the most hidden species. The world is covered in DNA. It’s all around us — on the ground, down in the ocean and up in the clouds, which begins to break down once exposed to the environment. In 2018, scientists took a sample from some well-beaten snow tracks. Lab tests showed conclusive results: the Canada lynx (山猫) was indeed present in the area. Without seeing the cat, scientists had proof it was there because of environmental DNA or eDNA. The process of DNA metabarcoding starts with an environmental sample like a bit of soil or the blood from leeches’ (水蛭) stomachs. Researchers use enzymes (酶) that break down cellular proteins and release DNA, which they purify. The result is a “soup” of all the DNA in the sample. Scientists then apply the polymerase chain reaction (PCR), which uses artificial DNA thread called universal primers. These primers bind to DNA sequences (序列) that are similar across species, then enlarge genetic barcodes (条形码) that are species-specific. A special device reads millions of these DNA parts. Finally, researchers compare them to reference databases and identify how many and which species are present. This method has led to the discovery and identification of tens of thousands of species over the past decade. In Yosemite, researchers used eDNA to track and remove aggressive bullfrogs. DNA metabarcoding can also be used to monitor biodiversity. For example, using traditional approaches, categorizing all of the insects in a hectare of rainforest can take decades, but DNA from insect traps could produce these results in just a few months. 10. How can DNA metabarcoding help researchers? A. By helping spot hidden animals. B. By replacing camera’s functions. C. By mapping remote forests accurately. D. By setting up traps to catch animals more easily. 11. What can we learn from paragraph 2? A. eDNA metabarcoding’s application is convincing. B. DNA forms and disappears around us in a mysterious way. C. Scientists did see the Canada lynx in the area. D. Seeing things with our own eyes is not necessary. 12. What does paragraph 3 mainly talk about? A. The wide uses of an environmental sample. B. The vital role chemistry plays in DNA metabarcoding. C. The steps of carrying out a DNA metabarcoding analysis. D. Scientists’ efforts in developing a device to read DNA parts. 13. What is the author’s attitude towards DNA metabarcoding? A. Suspicious. B. Positive. C. Indifferent. D. Critical. D The Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC) and University of Central Lanca-shire (UCLan) share findings of a project to improve student engagement with science, technology, engineering and mathematics (STEM). It’s long been acknowledged that students from disadvantaged backgrounds are under-represented in science, technology, engineering and mathematics careers. Now, research conducted by UCLan and funded by STFC shows the causes of this problem and points to innovative solutions. The Blackpool Physics; Inspire, Engage, Research (PIER) project found that primary school children from low socio-economic areas are just as interested in science but lack knowledge about possible science careers. The PIER project is following a group of pupils as they progress from Grade 6 to Grade 9, using surveys, interviews and other assessments to measure interest in science. These initial findings suggest that attempts to increase science participation among young people should not simply promote the subject as “fun” or “interesting”. Instead, greater impact could be achieved by demonstrating clearly how science can open possible future career opportunities. Many of the pupils taking part in the study understood that studying science could be useful but few could explain why, suggesting a need for greater education about STEM careers. As well as broadening our understanding of the issue, the PIER project is solving the problem head on. The team has carried out a variety of activities each year for the participants, including “meet the scientists” events, trips to UCLan’s Alston Observatory as well as family science events at school. Lead Researcher and STFC Fellow in Public Engagement, Professor Robert Walsh, said, “Much government policy towards boosting science in higher education focuses on an assumed lack of interest and desire in low-socioeconomic groups.” However, the enthusiasm is already there and this “hidden science identity” needs to be revealed and translated into real-life prospects for these young people. We’re recommending that programs instead allow young people to explore their science identity more fully and provide innovative ways to discover the jobs that studying science may lead to. 14. What do people generally believe about poor students? A. They have no interest in STEM careers. B. They are not engaged enough in science. C. They are more representative of science. D. They have many character disadvantages. 15. What does the PIER project pay more attention to? A. Assessing pupils’ performance. B. Increasing the surveys of pupils. C. Demonstrating the potential value of science. D. Promoting the subject as “fun” or “interesting”. 16. Why does the team conduct various activities? A. To boost science development. B. To meet the pupils’ needs for school events. C. To promote teaching related careers’ development. D. To improve students’ understanding of STEM careers. 17. What is the best title for the text? A. What Is the Definition of PIER? B. Increase Pupils’ Learning Awareness C. How Does the PIER Project Come into Being? D. The PIER Project Helps Poor Pupils Engage in Science 第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 12.5 分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项 为多余选项。 In this video, I am going to give you a guide on how to become a real alpha man. And there are three traits that you need to understand. ___18___ And this is easier said than done. When a man does not know his purpose, he is kind of like a leaf blowing in the wind. And he’s easily influenced by the environment around him. Usually it takes a very long time to uncover your purpose. And just actively seeking out your purpose is a trait of an alpha man. The second trait may sound very simple but it’s of great importance. Alpha men go after what they want in life. ___19___ If they see a business opportunity, they will pursue it. If they don’t like something within their life, they will go and change it. There are so many people today who complain and are not happy with certain aspects in their life. ___20___ But alpha men are doers. The third and final trait of alpha males is that they have passion. It’s important to have passion in life and to be passionate about living life. Positive energy is infectious. Just like how negative energy is infectious. I’m sure we have all experienced being around someone who is very negative and we feel negative just by being around them. And when you are around other people they also feel that they’re under your umbrella of negativity. ___21___ So those are the three most important traits of being an alpha man. Be authentic to yourself. And live life on your own terms. ___22___ A. If they have a question, they will ask it. B The same idea goes for being around positive people. C. Many people are not able to share their opinions and beliefs. D. And they just sit by while opportunities and problems pass them by. E. If you enjoyed this video, please share it with a friend or leave it a like. F. The first trait to becoming an alpha male is to know your purpose in your life. G. But they are not willing to take the steps and to take the action to fix those things. 第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分 30分） 第一节（共 15小题；每小题 1 分满分 15 分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Veteran (老兵) Willenbring has always been a fighter. She grew up with her parents on the West Coast during an adolescence she describes as sometimes ___23___. But the military struck Willenbring as a way to ___24___ the aggression she says built up during an unstable upbringing. In 1998, she joined the army and was ___25___ to a foreign country. “We were actually part of the initial ___26___to go into the country,” she says. “And I can’t even describe the ___27___.” In the scenes of destruction, Willenbring recalled some ordinary sights that briefly woke her from the stress of the war every night. As her mission came to an end, her luck ran out. She ended up severely ___28___ and had to be taken away in an air ambulance. She ___29___ returned to her home country, and spent three years living in her hometown, a city called Salem. She ___30___ to adjust to civilian life. Fireworks would ___31___ particularly difficult episodes. “I had PTSD (创伤后应激障碍) so badly that I could not ____32____ living in a city anymore,” she says. Instead, in 2010 Willenbring ____33____ on a plot with sheep in rural Oregon. The sheep, she says, have helped her manage her trauma symptoms. She’s surrounded by animals that ____34____ her emotions and can tell her own mood. The ____35____ rural life is an apparent contrast to the chaos of battle. Willenbring hasn’t had a major ____36____related to her PTSD for eight years. Farming has its dramas, she says, “but it is also something that is about creation, about ____37____ over death rather than death over life.” 23. A. violent B. graceful C. cheerful D. sad 24. A. encourage B. channel C. resist D. ignore 25. A. sent B. delivered C. brought D. led 26. A. government B. police C. force D. organization 27. A. situation B. scenery C. background D. chaos 28. A. punished B. neglected C. embarrassed D. injured 29. A. hardly B. temporarily C. immediately D. cautiously 30. A. struggled B. managed C. hesitated D. pretended 31. A. extend B. trigger C. pause D. shrink 32. A. go with B. begin with C. deal with D. negotiate with 33. A. settled B. went C. relied D. lay 34. A. control B. mirror C. express D. hide 35. A. tough B. uneasy C. peaceful D. challenging 36. A. element B. reason C. method D. episode 37. A. kindness B. gratitude C. victory D. life 第二节（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Traditionally, we Chinese attach great importance to(依恋) our hometown and are often ____38____(willing)to migrate to other places. However, in present times, in particular after the reform and opening-up policy was introduced, more and more people feel like ____39____(settle)down in more developed cities just as my family members did. My parents were both in Sichuan. In 1963, a time when ____40____(graduate)were assigned(被任命的) jobs by the government, my father received a job in Beijing. After I was born in 1969, my parents went to work in Xinjiang. In the 1980s Chinese society was filled with hope, and people worked hard to achieve their dreams. So did my family. In 1988, admitted ____41____Renmin University of China, I went to Beijing. It took me 72 hours by train____42____(travel)from Xinjiang to Beijing, with a distance of over 3,770 kilometers. In 1990, my brother also passed the entrance ____43____(exam)and chose his favorite major and he was enrolled in a university in Guangzhou, ____44____he now lives and works. Recalling the changes over the past four decades, I think____45____(improve) transportation is very important to our family. The long distance kept us apart most of the time. Today, ____46____speed and methods of transportation have been improved a lot, which has_____47_____(entire)transformed our life and can bring us together easily. 第三部分 写作（共两节，满分 40 分） 第一节（满分 15 分） 48. 理想是指路明灯，理想的实现只靠干，不靠空谈。高三学生理应有自己初步的职业规划。请你写一篇主题为“理想取业”演讲稿，在英语课堂上分享. 内容主要包括： 1.选择的职业； 2.选择的理由； 3.如何能实现. 注意： 1.写作词数应为80左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节、读后续写 49. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 On a snowy day Steve sat down on the usual seat in the Union Square. Every Thanksgiving for nine years he had sat down there at one in the afternoon. Every time, a wonderful thing happened to him, which made his heart feel full of joy. On those other Thanksgiving Days, Steve usually had been hungry. But today Steve was not hungry. He had come from a dinner so big that he had almost no power to move. His body had suddenly become too big for his clothes; it seemed ready to break out of them. They were torn. You could see his skin through a hole in the front of his shirt. But the cold wind, with snow in it, felt pleasantly cool to him. The dinner had not been expected. He had been passing a large house near the beginning of that great broad street called Fifth Avenue, where lived two ladies of an old family who had a deep love of tradition that on Thanksgiving Day food will be offered to the first hungry person to walk by. Today Steve happened to be the one to pass by on his way to the park. Steve sat in the park, appearing to be waiting for somebody, but appearing not to expect something to happen. Suddenly his eyes grew wider and his breath stopped. For the old gentleman was coming across Fourth Avenue toward Steve’s seat. Every Thanksgiving Day for nine years the old gentleman had come there to find Steve on his seat. Then he had led Steve to a restaurant and watched him eat a big dinner, which had been a part of Thanksgiving Day. The old gentleman was thin and tall and sixty. His hair was whiter and thinner than it had been last year. His legs shook, seeming not as strong as they were the year before. 注意：1. 续写词数应为150左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 As this kind old gentleman came toward him, Steve began to shake and his breath was shorter. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ With these words, the old man looked into Steve' s eyes, expecting Steve to accept the dinner. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$