第13讲 高考特殊句型(省略句 倒装句 强调句) 导学案-2025届高三下学期英语一轮复习专项

第13讲 高考特殊句型(省略句 倒装句 强调句） 1. 省略句（ellipsis） 为了使话说得简明扼要，英语句子中某个单词、短语甚至从句或主句都可以省去。这种省去句子某些成分而保持句子意思不变的现象，称为省略（ellipsis） 种类 例句 说明 主语的省略 Beautiful day (= It is a beautiful day), isn’t it? Pity we live so far from the sea. (It is a pity we live so far from the sea.) 有时也可省略整个句子的主语和谓语，只保留次要成分。 She was poor but (she was) honest. --Did you know anything about the accident? --Not until you told me. (= I didn’t know anything about it until you told me.) 谓语的省略 --what do you think made Mary so upset? --Losing her new bicycle (made Mary so upset). 状语从句的省略 Seen from the plane (when it is seen from the plane), the house looks like tiny toys. If (it is) possible, I’ll go there with you. 注意状语从句中的主语同主句主语的一致性。 不定式的省略 The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street, but his mother told him not to. (not to ride his bicycle in the street.) --Alice, why didn’t you come yesterday? --I was going to (come yesterday), but I had an unexpected visitor. 若不定式后面是完成时，省略时应保留have；不定式后含有动词be的结构时，也要保留be动词。 --Did you tell him the news? --I ought to have (told him the news), but I didn’t know how to speak. --Are you an engineer? --No, but I want to be. A. 状语从句中的省略用法 （1）如果从句的主语和主句的主语一致，且从句的谓语含有be动词的某种形式（am/is/are/was/were），可同时省略从句的主语和be动词的某种形式。 ① when，while引导的时间状语从句 例： Do be careful when (you are) crossing the street. ② if，unless，once引导的条件状语从句 例： If (it is) properly treated, waste will do no harm to the environment. I’ll not go to the party unless (I am) invited. ③ though，although，whether，no matter whether/what/how/who等引导的让步状语从句 例： He was happy, though/although (he was) poor. No matter how/However hard the task (is), we must fulfill it in time. ※（注：从句的主语和主句的主语不一致时，只省略从句中的be动词形式） ④ as if，as though引导的方式状语从句 例： He rubbed his eyes and yawned as if/though (he was) waking up after a long sleep. （2）than，as引导的比较状语从句中的省略用法：当不同的主语进行比较时，一般省略从句中的谓语；当从句中的主语与谓语（be动词除外）和主句中的主语与谓语相同时，通常省略从句中的主语和谓语，只保留比较部分。 例： He is taller than his brother (is). I have as much as confidence in you as (I have confidence) in him. （3）以if从句为代表的状语从句中的特殊省略用法：通常省略了it is，that is，there is/are。 例： If (it is) possible/necessary, this old temple will be rebuilt. If (that is) so, I will call you back at 5:00 pm. B. 定语从句中的省略用法 关系词的省略 关系代词that，which，whom等在限制性定语从句中充当宾语且不位于介词之后时，可以省略；in which或that在先行词way后作方式状语从句时可省略。 例： The man (that/who/whom) you visited last night is my grandpa. C. 虚拟语气中if及should的省略 ① 当条件状语从句中有were，had，should等时省略if，把它们提至句首，形成倒装句。 例： If I were a teacher, I would be strict with my students. = Were I a teacher, I would be strict with my students. ② Suggest，insist，order，require等表示建议、要求、命令的动词后接的从句中，谓语动词常用“should+动词原形”，should可以省略。 例： The doctor suggested that he (should) try to lose weight. D. 不定式符号to的省略 ① 感官动词see，hear，feel，watch等和使役动词have，make，let等后接不定式作宾语时，不定式省略to。 · 助记：(一感feel,二听hear, listen to, 三让have, let, make,四看see, look at, observe, watch) ② do nothing but，can’t help but等结构常接省略to的不定式。 例： We didn’t do anything but stay at home watching TV yesterday. ③ 在特定语境中为了避免重复，当不定式再次出现时，在want，wish，hope，try，plan，like，love，hate后往往只保留to，而省略后面的动词。但不定式后有be，have时，也保留be和have。 例： My parents encouraged me to go to college, but I didn’t want to. E. So和not的替代性省略 用于避免重复前面所说过的内容，替代词so/not替代肯定或否定的名词性从句。可与believe，do，expect，fear，guess，hope，say，speak，suppose，think，I’m afraid等连用 例： – Do you suppose he is going to attend the meeting? – I suppose not. F. 日常交际中的省略 在情景会话中，答语常常省略不会引起歧义的主语、谓语或宾语部分，而只保留对方希望了解的内容。在复合句或并列句中，也有省略主、谓、宾的情况。 例： – How many copies do you want? -- (I want) Three copies, please. -- Have you ever been to the Great Wall? -- No, (I have) never (been to the Great Wall). 【随堂练习一】 1、—Lucy，could you please spare me a few minutes? —____，but I hope "a few minutes" won't turn into a few hours. A. It doesn't matter B. That's kind of you C. I'm afraid not D. I guess so 2、—Hey，taxi! —_____ —I want to go to the dentist's. A．Good morning, sir. B．Nice to see you, sir. C．Where to, sir? D．What are you going to do, sir? 3、The doctor expresses his strong desire that the patient _____ immediately. A. be operated on B. operated on C. was operated on D. would be operated on 4、When he came back, he found the bag he had ____ over the seat was gone. A. left to hang B. left hanging C. left hung D. to leave hanging 5、Liu Xiang spoke slowly to the Special Olympic competitors so as to have them____. A. understand him B. to be understood C. be understood D. to understand him 6、—Are there any English story books for us students in the library? —There are only a few, ____. A. if any B. if have C. if some D. if has 7、—Does Betty know where her violin is? —She saw somebody walking off with one, but she doesn't know____. A. whose B. it C. whom D. which 8、—Aren't you the manager? —No, and I ____. A. don't want B. don't want to C. don't want to be D. don't 9、—How are you getting on with your work? —Oh, I'm sorry. Things aren't going so well as____. A. plans B. planning C. planned D. to plan 10、—What's the matter with you? —I didn't pass the test, but I still____. A. hope so B. hope to C. hope it D. hope that 11、The doctor did what he could ___ the boy, but in vain. A. save B. to save C. saving D. saved 12、—You look happy today, Mary. —I like my new dress and Mother ___, too. A. likes B. does C. is D. do 13、—What happened to the boy? He was making so much noise. —He wanted to play football, but his mother warned him ____. A. not B. to C. not to D. / 14、____ for your brother, I would not have gone to see Mr. Wang. A. If it is not B. Were it not C. Had it not been D. If they were not 【随堂练习二】 1. When first ________ to the market, these products enjoyed great success.　 A. introducing B. introduced C. introduce D. being introduced 2. It shames me to say it, but I told a lie when ________ at the meeting by my boss. A. questioning B. having questioned C. questioned D. to be questioned 3. The man we followed suddenly stopped and looked as if ____ whether he was going in the right direction. A. seeing B. having seen C. to have seen D. to see 4. Generally speaking, ________ according to the directions, the drug has no side effect. A. when taking B. when taken C. when to D. when to be taken 5. Unless ________ to speak, you should remain silent at the conference. A. invited B. inviting C. being invited D. having invited 6. When ________ , the museum will be open to the public next year. A. completed B. completing C. being completed D. to be completed 7. Though ________ money, his parents man-aged to send him to university. A. lacked B. lacking of C. lacking D. lacked in 8. The research is so designed that once ________ nothing can be done to change it. A. begins B. having begun C. beginning D. begun 9. —You 're always working. Come on, let's go shopping. 　　— ________ you ever want to do is going shopping. A. Anything B. Something C. All D. That 10. Is this the reason ________ at the meeting for his carelessness in his work?　　 A. he explained B. what he explained C. how he explained D. why he explained 11. What surprised me was not what he said but ________ he said it. A. the way B. in the way that C. in the way D. the way which 12. It is easy to do the repair. ________ you need is a hammer and some nails. A. Something B. All C. Both D. Everything 13. That's an unpleasant thing to say about your father after ________ he's done for you. A. something B. anything C. all D. that 14. As you've never been there before, I'll have someone ________ you the way.　　 A. to show B. show C. showing D. showed 15. —I'll be away on a business trip. Would you mind looking after my cat? —Not at all, ______. A. I have no time B. I'd rather not C. I'd like it D. I'd be happy to 16. —Does your brother intend to study German? 　　—Yes, he intends ________. A./ B. to C. so D. that 17. —Would you like to go to the Grand Theatre with me tonight? 　　— ________ . A．Yes, I'd like to go to the Grand Theatre B．I'd like to, but I have an exam tomorrow C．No, I won't D．That's right 18. —You should have thanked her before you left. 　　—I meant ________ , but when I was leaving I couldn't find her anywhere. A. to do B. to C. doing D. doing to 19. ________ it rain tomorrow, we would have to put off the visit to the Yangpu Bridge. A. Were B. Should C. Would D. Will 20. ________ for the free tickets, I would not have gone to the films so often. ( A. If it is not B. Were C. Had it not been D. If they were not 21. I will know what was on his mind at the time, nor will ________ . A. anyone B. anyone else C. no one D. no one else 22. Of the making of good books there is no end; neither ________ any end to their influence on man's lives. A. there is B. there are C. is there D. are there 23. —I would never come to this restaurant again. The food is terrible! 　　— ________ . A. Nor am I B. Neither would I C. Same with me D. So do I 2. 倒装句 (Inversion) 1．什么是“正装”？ （1）正装就是陈述语序，也就是“主+谓+宾” 正常语序(陈述语序) 陈述语序 = 主语+ 谓语 = 主语+（助动词 + 实义动词） = 主语+（系动词 + 表语） 例：I wonder why he was late this morning. 宾语从句部分：“He was late”是陈述语序——系动词“was”和表语“late”都在主语“He”的后面。 因此，陈述语序可以简单概括为：主语在左边，谓语部分在右边。 （2）什么是“倒装”？ 倒装 完全倒装 = 谓语 + 主语 部分倒装 = 助动词+ 主语 + 实义动词 = 系动词+主语+表语 把谓语动词全部调整到主语左边，称为完全倒装 把谓语动词的一部分（助动词、系动词或表语）调整到主语左边，称为部分倒装 （3）使用完全倒装的情况： ①地点方位词（方位副词、介词短语）放在句首，必须完全倒装 (up、down、here、there、in、out、away、in the park、beside the table) （1）The thief ran away when the police came. → Away ran the thief when the police came. （2）All good things come to those who wait. → To those who wait come all good things. 【随堂练习一】 Beside the table a boy. A. sitting B. sit C. was sat D. sat ② now 和then置于句首，可以完全倒装 Your turn comes now. → Now comes your turn. The king came then. → Then came the king. 【随堂练习二】 ①At the foot of the mountain . A. lies a village B. a village lies C. does a village lie D. lying a village ②In the dark forests , some large enough to hold several English towns. A. stand many lakes B. lie many lakes C. many lakes lie D. many lakes stand ③On top of the hill , whose style can be traced to the ages of the Roman Empire. A．there standing a church B．does a church stand C．a church stands D．stands a church ④Beneath our feet that our lives depend on for food and clothing. A．lies the earth B．lay the earth C．the earth lies D．does the earth lie 翻译：我的心里只有你。 ③ such作表语，置于句首，意思是“……就是如此”，而且句子主语是名词，则需把系动词置于主语前面。 His words were such. = Such was what he said. Such was Albert Einstein, a simple man but of great achievement. 【随堂练习三】 ① is the power of TV that it can make a person suddenly famous. A. Such B. This C. That D. So ②The child walked quietly to the bird. into the forest before he was about to catch it． A．Flew it away B．Away it flew C．Flew away it D．Away flew it ③At the foot of the hill surrounded by trees. A．a big lake lies B．does a big lake lie C．lies a big lake D．a big lake is lied ④For a moment nothing happened, and then ______ all shouting together. A．voices had come B．came voices C．voices would come D．did voices come （4）使用部分倒装的情况： 1.否定词置于句首时，部分倒装： ①表示否定含义的连词置于句首时，必须部分倒装： Hardly …. when…. 含义：【一…就…】 用法：【Hardly + 半倒装 + when + 陈述句】 【Hardly + had sb done + when + sb did】 例句：Hardly had he got out of the court when the reporters raised a lot of questions to him. No sooner…than… 含义：【一…就…】 用法：【No sooner + 半倒装 + than 陈述句】 【No sooner + had sb done + than + sb did】 例句：No sooner had he got out of the court than the reporters raised a lot of questions to him. Not only…but (also)… 含义：【不但…而且…】 用法：【Not only +半倒装 + but (also) + 陈述句】 例句：Not only can Tom sing so well, but (also) all his family are excellent singers. 例句：Not only will I go to HK, but (also) I will go to Macao as well. 【翻译】运动不仅能帮助我们保持健康，而且还能帮助我们保持思想活跃。 Not until… , … 含义：【直到…才…】 用法：【Not until + 陈述句，+ 半倒装】 例句：Not until I came home last night did mom go to bed. 【翻译】直到那时我才意识到友谊的重要性。 ※“前倒后不倒” 【Hardly + 半倒装 + when + 陈述句】 【No sooner + 半倒装 + than 陈述句】 【Not only +半倒装 + but (also) + 陈述句】 ※“前不倒后倒” 【Not until + 陈述句，+ 半倒装】 【例题一】 No sooner ________ stepped on the stage than the audience broke into thunderous applause. A．had Mo Yan B．Mo Yan had C．has Mo Yan D．Mo Yan has 【例题二】 Not until ________ the Internet ________ that the Chinese sailors were rescued by the European Union Task Force. A．did I surf; did I know B．did I surf; I knew C．I surfed; did I know D．I surfed; I had know ※②表示否定含义的副词、介词短语never, seldom, hardly, scarcely, rarely, little, not, nowhere, by no means, neither, nor, under no circumstances置于句首时，必须部分倒装。 Little did he say at the meeting. Never shall I forget the day when I joined the Army. 【翻译】在任何情况下我们都不应该失去对生活的热情。 【随堂练习四】 ①— It’s nice. Never before such a special drink! —I’m glad you like it. A. I have had B. I had C. have I had D. had I ②Nothing else ______ more important than water in the place like a desert. A．we can’t find B．can’t we find C．can we find D．we can find ③Not until all the fish died in the river ____________ how serious the pollution was. A．did the villagers realize B．the villagers realize C．the villagers did realize D．didn’t the villagers realize 翻译以下句子： 我们无论如何也不该放弃（by no means） 我过去对他了解得很少 (little) 在任何情况下我都不会忘记我的老师（under no circumstances） 2.“only+状语” 置于句首时，用部分倒装 例句：Only then can I have the chance to realize my dreams. 【Only + 时间状语】 例句：Only in this way can you achieve great success in the future. 【Only + 方式状语】 例句：Only by doing some down-to-earth work shall we solve all the problems. 【Only + 方式状语】 例句：Only when you be more outgoing can you make more close friends. 【Only + 时间状语从句】 例句：Only if you start to communicate with us can we know more about you. 【Only + 条件状语从句】 【翻译】lulu如此地乐于助人以至于我们都喜欢她。 这个计划如此地好以至于我们全部赞成这个计划。 【随堂练习五】 1. Only when he reached the tea-house it was the same place he’d been in last year. A. he realized B. he did realized C. realized he D. did he realize 2. Only after they had discussed the matter for several hours a decision. A. they reached B. did they reach C. they reach D. do the reach 翻译以下句子： 只有通过每天练习，我们才能掌握英语。 ※3.状语从句“ so…that…” “ such…that…”中，把“ so”和“ such”置于句首时，用部分倒装 含义：【如此…以至于…】 用法:【so + adj / adv + 半倒 + 陈述】 【such + n + 半倒 + 陈述】 So delicate does the nature seem that we should do something to protect it. So fast does he run that we cannot catch up with him. Such fine weather is it that we are going for a picnic. 【翻译】只有在大家共同协力下才能如此完满地完成这个计划。 【随堂练习六】 —Father, you promised to buy me a Baymax. —Well, . But it was you who didn’t keep your word first. A. so was I B. so did I C. so I was D. so I did 当对话表达 “……也如此”时，应使用倒装。 例如： 当对话表明“确实如此”时，不需倒装。 例如： · Mary loves swimming. · So does Lily. / So do I. · Mary loves swimming. · So she does. 本题横线处的句意是 “确实如此”，因此不倒装。 【随堂练习七】 ①So much of interest that most visitors simply run out of time before seeing it all. A. offers Beijing B. Beijing offers C. does Beijing offer D. Beijing does offer ②So sudden that the enemy had no time to escape. A. did the attack B. the attack did C. was the attack D. the attack was ③So difficult it to work out the problem that I decided to ask Tom for advice. A. I did find B. did I find C. I have found D. have I found ※4.“尽管”倒装： 表达“让步”的状语从句中，可将从句部分的名词、形容词、副词、动词原形、分词置于句首。 这里的有的倒装和前面的倒装不一样，这里是有区别的： 1.前面的都是已经进行了否定词或者状语放在句首这样的位置调换，才有了连锁反应的倒装。但这里只移动了一次。 2. 前面的都是主谓方面的倒装，这里部分是没有进行谓语位置调换的 ①形容词+as / though+主语+动词 Although he is young, he has written many popular books. →Young as/though he is, he has written many popular books. Although he is handsome, he is very modest. →Handsome as/though he is. ②副词+as / though+主语+动词 Although he runs fast, he failed in the race. →Fast as/though he runs, he failed in the race. ③名词+as / though+主语+动词 Although he is a little boy, he has written many popular books. →Little boy as/though he is, he has written many popular books. 注意: 这种句型中的动词通常为系动词——也就是说位于句首的名词，是其后连系动词的表语。 位于句首的名词前习惯上不用冠词，即使其前有形容词修饰也不用冠词。 ④动词原形+as / though+主语+动词 Although he might try, he failed in the race . →Try as/though he might, he failed in the race. ⑤分词+as / though+主语+动词 Although it is raining hard, I’m going out for a walk. →Raining hard as/though it is, I’m going out for a walk. Although we were surrounded by enemy, we managed to march forward. →Surrounded as/though we were by the enemy, we managed to march forward. 【随堂练习】： ①Small it is, the pen is a most useful tool. A．because B．so C．if D．as ② , Caroline couldn’t get the door open. A. Try as she might B. As she might try C. She might as try D. Might she as try ③ , he has a lot of knowledge about computer. A. A child as he is B. As he is a child C. Child as he is D. Child as is he 【练习】： 1． in the work that she often forgot her meals. A．So absorbed was Keller; to take B．So absorbed Keller was; to take C．So absorbed Keller was; taking D．So absorbed was Keller; taking 2．Only the painting decide whether it is worth buying. A．that he sees; can he B．that does he see; he can C．when he sees; can he D．when does he see; can he 3．Not until the man was out of work again going to attend a training class. A．he considered B．did he consider C．does he consider D．considers 4． about the economic crisis that he decided to look for more information about it. A．So curious he was B．So curious was he C．Such curious he was D．Such curious was he 5．At no time the rules of the game. It was unfair to punish them. A．they actually broke B．do they actually break C．did they actually break D．they had actually broken 6．Only as an interpreter how important it was to practise speaking English. A．when did I work…I realized B．when did I work…did I realize C．when I work…did I realize D．when I worked…did I realize 7．Only when your identity has been checked . A．you are allowed in B．you will be allowed in C．will you allow in D．will you be allowed in 8．So difficult it to work out the problem that I decided to ask Tom for advice. A．I did find B．did I find C．I have found D．have I found 9．— Did you know any French before you arrived in Washington? — Never it, actually. A．had I learned B．have I learned C．I learned D．was I learning 10．---I have finished my homework. --- . Let’s go to play tennis. A．So have I B．I have so C．So did I D．So you do 3. 强调句 A. 用It is／was…that／who…句型表示强调。 ①被强调的部分（通常是句子的主语、状语、宾语或宾语补足语）放在is／was的后面，如被强调的是人，则后面可用who，whom等代替。 Eg：He met an old friend in the park yesterday. 强调主语 ： 强调宾语： 强调时间状语： 强调地点状语： ②主语从句加上be 加上被强调部分。主语从句由what 引导 Eg：John wants a ball. What John wants is a ball. Eg：Mary gives piano lessons every day. What Mary does every day is (to) give piano lessons. 2. not … until … 句型的强调句： ①句型为：It is/ was not until + 被强调部分 + that + 其它部分 普通句：He didn’t go to bed until/ till his wife came back. VS: 强调句：It was not until his wife came back that he went to bed. ※ 注意：a. 此句型只用until，不用till。但如果不是强调句型，till, until可通用； b. 因为句型中It is/ was not … 已经是否定句了，that后面的从句要用肯定句，切勿再用否定句了。 3. 谓语动词的强调 ①It is/ was … that … 结构不能强调谓语，如果需要强调谓语时，用助动词do、does或did. e.g:Do sit down. 务必请坐。 He did write to you last week. 上周他确实给你写了信。 Do be careful when you cross the street. 过马路时，务必（千万）要小心啊！ ※ 注意：此种强调只用do/ does和did ，没有别的形式；过去时用did ，后面的谓语动词用原形。 4. 疑问句的强调结构： ① 一般疑问句：Is / Was + it + that + 句子的其余部分（陈述语序）。 简单的答语为：“Yes,it is/was.”或 “No,it isn’t/wasn’t.” (1)----Was____ that I saw last night at the concert? ---- No, it wasn’t. 　　 (2)----"Wasn't it Dr Wang who spoke to you just now? -----_______. 　 (3) Was it in 1969 ________ the American astronaut succeeded ________ landing on the moon? 5. 特殊疑问句： 特殊疑问词+ is / was + it + that + 句子的其余部分（陈述语序）。 Eg: Where did you see her cell phone yesterday ? →Where was it that you saw her cell phone yesterday? （强调特殊疑问词where）    How will you go to visit her tomorrow? →How is it that you will go to visit her tomorrow? （强调特殊疑问词how） 随堂练习： ①I really don’t know ___ __ I had my money stolen. ②____ find my wallet ,Tom ? ③Where was it ________ you found the lost child? 6. 从句的强调： ①强调原因状语从句： I came home late because it was raining hard. → It was because it was raining hard that I came home late. · 注意：被强调的原因状语从句只能用because引导，不能用as或since引导 ②强调主语从句： What you said really made us sad. →It was what you said that really made us sad. It was where there had been a theatre that they built a new modern school． 他们是在以前曾有过一个剧场的地方建造了一所新的现代化学校。 练习： ①It was how the young man had learned five foreign languages ______ attracted the audience's interest. ②It was only when I reread his poems recently ________ I began to appreciate their beauty. ③_____the people _ ___have become the masters of their country_____ science can really serve the people. B. 强调句型的判断 把It, be，that去掉，如果剩余部分句子结构仍然完整（被强调部分要还原到原位置），那么这个句子就是强调句；如果句子不完整，则不是强调句。 如： （1）①It is he who / that often helps me with my English. ②It is on the hillside that we plant trees every year. ③It was because of bad weather that the football match had to be put off. ※分析：去掉It is / was... that / who 句子后结构仍然完整，句意仍明确，都是强调句。 ④ It was 9 o'clock when we came back． 我们回来时是九点钟。 ⑤ It was 3 hours since we had come back． 我们回来已三个小时了。 ※分析： 在上面例句中若去掉It was... when / before / since等后，句子结构就不完整，所以不是强调句。 练习： ① It was at the theatre _________ Lincoln was murdered. It was the theatre _________ Lincoln was murdered. ② It was our teacher ________did the experiment in the lab last night. ③ It was ten years ago________ Miss Gao returned to China. ④ It was ________ he said ______disappointed me. ⑤ It was for this reason ________ her uncle moved out of New York and settled dow in a small village. C. 强调句型几注意: 按强调句的语序来总结强调句的五项注意： ①句首词用It不能This，That等。 ② be动词的形式是is或was，不能用复数形式are或were。 ③若原句的谓语动词用了现在时或将来时，则用is;若原句的谓语动词用了过去时或过去完成时，则用was. 练习： ①It__ _ the Chinese women that__ _ a great role in the socialist construction. ②__ _all these exercises____ all of us can do tomorrow. ④.被强调的部分如果是代词，强调主语用主格，强调宾语用宾格。 如： ①It is him that/who /whom I met in the street yesterday. ②It is I who/that am wrong. ⑤连接词一般用that，当强调部分是人时，既可用that也可用who.特别注意当强调部分是时间状语或地点状语时，不能用when或where。 Eg: It was on Oct 1st, 1949 that People’s Republic of China was founded. It was at the gate ________ he told me the news. 　　 ⑥主谓一致问题 被强调的主语要和 that后面的谓语动词在数上保持一致。 ①It is Mary who often_____( help) me with my English. ②It is I that ____(be)against you. ③It is the boy students of Class Two who ___(be)playing football on the playground. ④It is Mr. Green ,together with his wife and children ,that in China now. ⑤It was neither you nor he that ___ to blame for the mistake. D .not… until 结构的强调： 强调“not…until”引导的时间状语时，要用“it is/was not until…that…”结构,，that后面的句子要用肯定式，且须用陈述句语序。 Eg: We did not get off the bus until it stopped . →It was not until it stopped that we got off the bus. (注意：强调该结构时not until不能分开) 练习： ①It was not until 1920__ _ regular radio broadcast began. ②It was not __ __ she took off her dark glasses _ ___ I realized she was a famous film star. ③It was ________（midnight）back home after the experiment. ④It was not until ________ that ________ to prepare his lessons. E. 强调时间状语和地点状语时与定语从句的区别： Eg： It was in 1921 that our Party was founded. (强调句式) It was 1921 when our Party was founded. (定语从句)    It was on the farm that we practised planting crops. = We practised planting crops on the farm. It was the farm where we learned a lot . It was at the street corner that I met Lucy yesterday. = I met Lucy at the street corner yesterday It was the street corner where I met Lucy yesterday. 练习： Was it in this palace ________ the last emperor died?　 F. 强调句型与主语从句的区别： 强调句型可以还原成正常语序的句子，也就是说，强调句型中去掉It be… that后，句子仍然通顺，意义也依然完整，只是没有那么强调突出。 而含主语从句的复合句中的it是指示代词，后面多为系表结构或被动语态。如果去掉It be…that，句子就不通顺了。如： Eg： It was in the lab that was taken charge by Professor Harris that they did the experiment. （=They did the experiment in the lab that was taken charge by Professor Harris.） It is certain that he is honest and modest. 很显然，他是诚实而谦虚的。 It is known to all that paper was made first in China. 众所周知，纸是中国人最早制造出来的。 G. do / does / did 引出强调句： ①在谓语动词之前（通常是现在时和过去时的句子，可用助动词do(does/did)　来强调动词,这时谓语动词须用原形动词。Do(does/did)可译成“确实”“的确”。 To my great joy,the plant did look exactly like what we were looking for. He does work hard and finish the job in time. ②在肯定的祈使句中，用动词do来加强语气，可译成“务必，一定” Do come and see us some day. Do give her my regards. ① ____ （Stephen）she first heard of the man referred to as a specialist. ②When I try to understand ___ _ that prevents so many Americans from being as happy as one expect, it seems to me that there are two causes. ③It was ______ the next morning that I began to think about where I was going. ④It ______ her brother ______ she will borrow the money. ※强调句型易错点： Eg：It was only with the help of the local guide . A. was the mountain climber rescued B. that the mountain climber was rescued C. when the mountain climber was rescued D. then the mountain climber was rescued 解释：本题是对强调句型的考查。考生很容易将其误认为是倒装句，而选A项。only with the help of the local guide 为被强调的部分，故选项B为本题的正确答案。【解题探究】 B。强调句型的基本结构为：It be+被强调的部分+that/who+其他。在去掉It be和that/who后，剩下的部分可以组成一个成分不缺、意思完整的句子。 陷阱1：强调部分从短语向句子过渡。 It is what you do rather than what you say________ matters. 陷阱2：强调句从肯定句向否定句、一般疑问句和特殊疑问句过渡。 强调句的否定句形式为：It is / was not + 被强调部分+ that / who ... 强调句的一般疑问句形式为：Is / Was it +被强调部分+ that / who ...? 强调句的特殊疑问句形式为：疑问词 + is / was it + that / who ...? ①Was it in 1969________the American astronaut succeeded________landing on the moon? ② —________ that he managed to get the information? —Oh, a friend of his helped him. 陷阱3：从考查单一的强调句到把强调句置于从句中，增加判断句子的难度。 David said that it was because of his strong interest in literature________ he chose the course. 陷阱4：干扰因素增多，增加了与其它相似句型的辨析，尤其是it开头的句子。 考查强调句与非强调句的辨别： 1. 设置陷阱，使考生将强调句误判为非强调句： It might have been John ______ bought a present for Mary yesterday. 2. 设置陷阱，使考生将非强调句误判为强调句： It was evening we reached the little town of Winchester. 练习： 1. ____ that caused him to serve dinner an hour later than usual. 2. --How was ______ they discovered the entrance to the underground palace? --Totally by chance. 3. _____ was very ______ that little Jim wrote the letter. 4. --Where did you find the professor who made the speech yesterday? --It was in the hall ______ the students often have a meeting. 5. It was what he meant rather than what he said ______ annoyed me. 6. It was in the small house ______ was built with stones by his father ______ he spent his childhood. 7. Was it five o’clock ______the fire broke out? 8.--Was it under the tree _____ you were away talking to a friend? --Sure. But when I got back there, the bike was gone. 9. It’s more than half a century _____ my grandfather joined the Party and became a servant to the people. 10. It was lack of money, not of effort, _____ defeated their plan. 第13讲 高考特殊句型(省略句 倒装句 强调句）参考答案 一、省略句答案： ［随堂练习一］ 1-5 CCACA 6-10 AACCB 11-14 BBCC ［随堂练习二］ 1—5 BCDBA 6—10 AADCA 11—15 AACBD 16—20 BBBBC 21—23 BCB 二、倒装句： 1. 答案：it you 3. 答案： No, he wasn't. 　 4. 答案：that; in 5. 答案：1. where it was that 2. Where was it that you 6. 答案：①that ②that ③It is only when; / ;that C. 答案：①is;play ②It is;that 答案：that ⑥ 答案：①helps ② am ③ are ④is ⑤ D. 答案：①that ② until; that ③ not until midnight that he went ④ his father came in did the boy begin E. 答案：that 陷阱1 还原为：What you do matters, not what you say matters 在例子中强调了主语从句what you do rather than what you say难点还在于每个句子都包含着两个分句，并且由rather than引出　 答案： that 陷阱2 答案：that; on 答案：How was it 陷阱3 答案：that 强调句型却出现在宾语从句中，考生须熟练掌握句子结构才能分辨出强调句型来。 陷阱4 【解析】答案选that，为强调句型，由于句中动词be采用了might have been这一复杂结构，所以许多同学们可能会看不出它是一个强调句型。 【解析】答案：before。 有的考生一看到句首的it was，再联系到选项中的that，就以为这是考查强调句。其实错了。此题是考查连词before的用法。因为去掉It was…that这一结构后，原句不能成为一个完整的句子，所以这不是强调结构。句意是：我们还没有到达Winchester这个小镇，天就夜了。 练习答案：1. It was because we were late 2. it that 3. It, carefully 4. where 5. Which 6. that, where 7. when 8. While 9. when 10. . what 第 24 页 共 23 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$