第11讲 主谓一致 导学案-2025届高三下学期英语一轮复习专项

第11讲 主谓一致 Part1.先做题，热身考功底 1.Neither my wife nor I myself __ able to teach my daughter to sing English songs. A. has been B. is C. are D. am 答案：D,容易错选B, 是不是我们最熟悉的就近就远原则～ 2.1)This is one of the most interesting questions that ______ asked. A. have B. has C. have been D. has been 2)He is the only one of the students who ________a winner of scholarship for three years. A．is B．are C．have been D．has been 答案：C,D容易错选D. one of n. who 与 the (only) one of n. who的区别还记得吗？前者看n.，有单复数之分，后者看the (only) one，单数 3.The wounded ______ by the hospital. A. have been taken in B. has been taken in C. have taken in D. has taken in 答案：the + adj.表示一类人，谓语动词要用复数喔，就像the rich/ old/ blind… 4．My son together with some friends leaving for Shanghai tonight.  答案：is，介走远 Part2.主谓一致的三类情况： （请深吸一口气，然后吐出来，开启脑门的超强记忆） A:连相近，介走远（三字经背起来） 解释： 1 看到主谓一致的考点，连词的后面一般看跟谓语最近的一个词来使用单复数， 如Every man, woman, and child needs love.  Every minute and every second is precious. （参考热身题1）就近原则：多为连词 因而简称：连相近，下左图所示 ( 就远 原则：多为连词 with, together with, except, but, like, as well as, rather than, more than, no less than, besides, including ) ( 就近原则：多为连词 There be/ neither…nor/either…or/ not only … but also ) ②解释：看到主谓一致的考点，介词的后面一般看跟谓语最远的一个词来使用单复数，如热身题4，就远原则，多为介词 因而简称：介走远，上右图所示 The factory with all its equipment has been burnt.   The manager, along with his secretaries, is going to a dinner party tonight.  ( Each of /Every/Many a/More than one/A series of / 非谓语 ( 动名词，不定式 ) ) B:一定单，要谨记 Each of the buildings is painted a different color. There is nothing you can do to help. 深化题： 1)Each of them （have） experience in at least one of the languages. 他们每个人都有至少一种语言的经验。 With paper, confidence is everything, as many a central bank (have)since then discovered. 自此以后，许多中央银行明白了，流通纸币，信任就是一切。 2)To know something about English (be)one thing；to know English (be)quite another. 懂点英语是一回事，掌握英语完全是另一回事。 · Walking is good exercise. 走路是很好的运动。 答案：has、has、is、is C:不规则，有指代（有纸袋），集体来，并列主，数用单 【不规则A】定语从句的关系代词作主语，谓语动词的数与先行词一致。注意：“one of +复数名词+定语从句”中，从句谓语用复数，但若one前有the (only)时，从句谓语动词用单数。（参考热身题第二一并讲解） 1) Tom is one of the students who were late this morning. 汤姆是今天早上迟到的那些学生中的一个。· 2) Tom is the only one of the students who was late this morning. 在这些学生中汤姆是今天早上唯一迟到的人。 【不规则B】集体来：family/class/company/crew/audience/crowd etc My family is a large one. 我家是个大家庭。 My family are all workers. 我的家人都是工人 【不规则C】指指同一人或事物的并列结构作主语 同一人或事物的A and B 结构(如knife and forks刀叉, bread and butter黄油面包, a teacher and writer老师兼作家，fish and chips鱼和炸土豆片)作主语时，谓语通常要用单数。 Fish and chips is a popular meal in Britain. 鱼和炸土豆片在英国是很受欢迎的膳食 A worker and writer was present at the meeting. 一位工人作家出席了会议。 【不规则D】在四则运算中，谓语动词一般用单数 Three times six is eighteen. 三乘六得十八。 Part3.最后想拿高分，请关注前方高能！ 主谓一致是属于谓语动词的属性之一，做题时不要把时态语态给忘掉了，而语法填空就非常偏爱考查这些点。 A.语法填空题 1. （省实高一下期末改编）All possible means _____(try) so far. 2. （执信高一下期末）Every boy and every girl as well as teachers who ____(be) to visit the museum ____(be) asked to be at the school gate before 7:30 in the morning. 3. （2011年广东高考）He ____(pretend) that a tiger toy was real and giving it a voice. He must be mentally disabled. 答案：1.have been tried 2. are is 3. was pretending 看到第1题有没有觉得非！常！有！亲切感！非常自信地毫不犹豫地填上has been tried，但是残忍地告诉你，错啦~means是手段，方法的意思，单复数是一样滴，谓语动词要看具体的意思来确定，题目不是every，是all！表示所有的方法都已经尝试过啦~ 第2题，定语从句先不看，因为它是作为插入语修饰先行词，那么asked前面是is还是are呢，看到as well as了没有，就远原则，离every boy and every girl远，every提示固定单数，所以是is；再来看定从，修饰teachers，很容易，复数are～ 第3题当年坑死不少师兄师姐，pretend是“假装”的意思，由he发出来，主动；再由was判断出是过去时，而且and连接的是pretend跟giving两个词，样子长得不一样，所以pretend就应该变成was pretending～ B.高考改错题 （1）Playing football not only makes us grow up tall and strong but also give us a sense of fair play and team spirit.（全国卷） （2）What he said at the meeting were very important to us.（全国卷） （3）As is known to us all, remembering English words are not easy.（四川卷） 答案：（1）give改成gives，主语是playing football （2）were改成was，主语是what引导的主从 （3）are改为is，主语是remembering English words 最后的最后，再次回顾一下我们的三字经： 人之初！…… 哦不对，英语主谓一致三字经： 连相近，介走远 一定单，要谨记：Each of /Every/Many a/More than one/A series of /非谓语(动名词，不定式) 不规则，有指代，集体来，并列主，数用单。 课后强化： 一、历届高考英语语法专题荟萃主谓一致 1. I who ________ （be）your English teacher will do my best to help you with your study. 2. Either the Greek or the Australian ________ （win）the boxing competition. 3. As the saying goes， “No news ________ （be）good news.” 4. Paper money ________ （use）for over a thousand years. 5. The singer and dancer ________ （be）to come to the party tonight. 6. The population of China ________ （be） larger than that of any other country in the world. 7. The atmosphere is as much a part of the earth as ________（be） its soil and water of its lakes，rivers and oceans. 8. He was very angry，because everyone except him________（be） invited to the party. 9. Either you or one of your students ________（be）to attend the meeting that is due tomorrow. 10. A nice gift，with many flowers ________（send） to me by my students on Teachers’ Day. 11. I hoped that somebody ________ （be）going to offer me a lift home. 12. I have finished a large part of the novel written by Dickens，the rest of which ________ （be）very difficult. 13. The United States ________ （be）founded in 1776. 二、高频改错题 1. Your family is very kind. I’ll never forget the favor you’ve done me.  2. When and where to build the new school haven’t been decided.  3. Three quarters of the land is covered with green grass while the rest are  covered with pine trees.  4.Bill was standing at the side of the car,talking to two men who was helping him to repair it.  5. On each side of the street stands a lot of trees.  6. Playing football not only makes us grow up tall and strong but also give us a sense of fair play and team spirit.  7. The students in our school each has known the meaning of WTO.  8. The number of people who own cars are increasing. 三、省时省力单项选择： 1. Eating vegetables______ good for our health. A. is B. are C. were D. was 2. More than one person _______ made the suggestion. A. was B. has C. were D. have 3. I think ______ of the materials I listened to at the beginning of the exam ______ easy. A. two thirds; is B. second three; are C. two thirds; are D. two third; are 4. Neither you nor Lin Hua _______ to the Great Wall before. A. had been B. has gone C. has been D. have been 5. The writer and teacher ______ coming now. A. is B. are C. has D. have 6. Something _____ gone wrong with my TV set. A. has B. have C. is D. are 7. Nothing but grass and trees _______ the hill. A. covers B. cover C. covering D. are covering 8. Physics ______ more interesting than Maths, I think. A. are B. is C. was D. were 9. Each student and each teacher ______ to see the film. A. go B. wish C. are D. wants 10. Either Tom or I ______ to blame. A. to be B. am C. are D. is 11. There ______ a desk, two beds and four chairs in the room. A. is B. are C. has D. have 12. Lucy, together with her two brothers, often _______ to the park on Sundays. A. go B. goes C. are going D. is going 13. There ______ a pair of shoes on the floor. The shoes______ mine. A. are; is B. is; is C. is; are D. are; are 14. None of that money on the table ______ mine. A. is B. are C. been D. have 15. — Could you get me a piano, Mum? —There ______ enough room for one in our home. A. is B. are C. isn’t D. aren’t 16. The family I am staying with _______ very friendly. A. is B. are C. was D. were 17. Our team ______ the World Cup! A. has won B. have won C. are won D. is won 18. Our country _______ great changes in the last 30 years. A. experience B. experiences C. has experienced D. experiencing 19. The police _______ having a meeting in their office at ten yesterday. A. is B. are C. was D. were 20. The number of people invited _____ 50, but a number of them _____absent for different reasons. A. were; was B. was; was C. was; were D. were; were 21. A library with 5000 books _____ to the nation as a gift. A. is offered B. has offered C. are offered D. have offered 22. I told him what I was surprised ______ his attitude towards his study. A. is B. was C. at is D. at was 23. On the wall ______ two large portraits(肖像). A. hangs B. hang C. hanged D. are hung 24. All that can be done ________. A. has been done B. has done C. have done D. were done 25. The singer and the dancer ______ come to the meeting. A. has B. have C. are D. is 26. I have finished a large part of the book; the rest ______ more difficult. A. is B. are C. was D. were 27. The wounded(伤员) _______ by the hospital. A. has taken in B. has been taken in C. have taken in D. have been taken in 28. The following _______ some other examples. A. are B. is C. was D. were 29. The whole class _______ the teacher attentively(认真地). A. are listening B. is listening to C. are listening to D. is listening 30. “All _______ present and all _______ going on well,” our manager said. A. is; is B. are; are C. are; is D. is; are 31. The rich ________ not always happy. A. are B. is C. has D. have 32. He is the very thief that the police ________. A. is after B. is looking C. are after D. are looking 33. The third and last chapter(章节) _______ by Professor Chen. A. are written B. are writing C. is written D. is writing 34. One third of the students in our school _______ girl students. A. is B. are C. was D. were 35. Many a writer of newspaper articles ________ to writing novels. A. has turned B. have turned C. being turned D. are going to turn 36. None of your projects ________. A. working out B. work out C. is worked out D. worked out 37. Going to bed early and getting up early _______ a good habit. A. is B. are C. were D. was 38. I don’t think one hundred dollars _______ a big sum of money to him. A. will be B. would be C. is D. are 39. Neither of your suggestions ________ sense. (make sense:有意义；说得通) A. makes B. make C. is made D. are made 40. Your trousers _______ dirty; you must have ______ washed. A.is; it B. are; it C. are; them D. is; them 第11讲 主谓一致参考答案 1.am　定语从句的谓语动词与先行词保持人称和数的一致。先行词是I，因此定语从句的谓语动词用am。 2.has won　并列主语用either…or, neither…nor, not…but, 或 not only…but also连接时，谓语动词的单复数由邻近主语决定，在此句中由the Australian决定。the Australian 指某个人，因此谓语用单数。 3.is　句意为“正如谚语所说，‘没有消息，就是好消息’”，因news为不可数名词，表示单数意义，所以答案为B。 4.has been used money 为不可数名词，因此谓语用单数，又由“for…years”可知用完成式，所以选B。 5 is to　the singer and dancer指一个人所兼的两个称谓，因此谓语动词用单数。 6 is　当population单独作主语时谓语动词用单数；若前面有具体数词修饰时谓语动词用复数。如：Eighty percent of the population of this country are farmers.这个国家百分之八十的人口是农民。 7.are　此处soil and water是主语，故用are。 8. was　句意：他很生气，因为除他以外的所有人都被邀请参加那次聚会。当主语后面带有except等词时，谓语动词与主语一致，everyone作主语时谓语动词用单数。 9 is　考查就近原则，真正的主语是one of your students，故用is。 10 was sent　当主语后面带有with等词语时谓语动词与主语在人称和数上一致，句子的主语是a nice gift，故谓语动词用单数。由句中的时间状语可知应用一般过去时，故答案为D。 11. was　somebody为单数，因此谓语用单数。 12. is　the rest指代不可数名词或单数可数名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数。 13. was　States虽然是复数形式，然而the United States指一个国家，因此谓语用单数。 改错 1.（答案：is—are）2. （答案：haven’t—hasn’t ）3. （答案：are—is） 4.（答案：was 改为 were）5. （答案：stands—stand） 6. （答案：give 改为 gives，它与makes 为平行结构，构成并列谓语动词） 7.  （答案：has—have）8. （答案：are—is） 单项选择 1——5 ABCCA 6——10 AABDB 11——15 ABCAC 16——20 BACDC 21——25 ADBAB 26——30 ADACC 31——35 ACCBA 36——40 CACAC 第 1 页 共 8 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$