第7讲 情态动词 导学案-2025届高三下学期英语一轮复习专项

第7讲 情态动词 教学目标 【一】什么是情态动词？ 【二】常见的情态动词有哪些，如何使用？ 【三】语法填空实词部分的解题思路 【四】如何提高写作水平？ Part I. 夯实语法 情态动词（Modal Verb） 名词解释 —— 情态动词 请找出下列句子中的【情态动词】和【谓语】： I believe I can fly. You should come back earlier. He might take part in the competition. 情态动词的作用：表示说话人的情绪、态度或语气。 【注意】：1. 情态动词不能独立作谓语，只能和行为动词一起构成谓语。 2. 情态动词没有人称和数的变化。 一、can与could用法 能力=be able to do（经过一番努力）、客观可能性、请求、允许 Can you finish the work tonight? Man can’t live without air. ---Can/Could I go now? （could比can更________） ---Yes, you _________. ---No, ___________. 注意： 当表示“经过努力才得以做成功某事”时应用be able to，不能用can。如： He was able to go to the party yesterday evening in spite of the heavy rain. My father is able to speak fluent English after hardworking. 怀疑、惊讶（否定句、疑问句、感叹句） Can this be true? This can’t be done by him. 【随堂练习一】 1. --- ____ you pass me the English magazine, please?   --- Sure. Here you are.  A. Could B. Need C. Must  D. Might 2. I thought the story ________ not be true. A. could B. can C.will D. ought 3. ---May I sit beside you, sir?     --- No, you ______. My girlfriend is coming soon.  A. can’t B. mustn’t C. needn’t D. shouldn’t 4. --- I want to know if I _ smoke here.    --- No, you____ . Could you see the sign “NO SMOKING” there?  A. can; needn’t B. must; can’t C. shall; won’t  D. may; mustn’t 5. Mr. Bush is on time for everything. How _________ it be that he was late for the opening ceremony?  A. can B. should C. may D. must 二、may与might用法 可能性、请求、允许、祝愿 You may drive your car. ---Might/May I use your pen?（might比may更________） ---Yes, you may. ---No, you ________. May you succeed. You may as well take notes carefully. （may as well do = had better do） 【随堂练习二】 1. Peter ___ come with us tonight, but he isn’t very sure yet. A. must B. may C. can D. will 2. ---Are you coming to Jeff’s party?  ---I’m not sure. I ___ go to the concert tonight.   A. must B. would C. should D. might 3. Johnny, you___ play with the knife, you ___ hurt yourself.  A. won’t; can’t B. mustn’t; may C. shouldn’t, must D. can’t; shouldn’t 4. --- Might I watch TV after supper?   --- Yes, you ________.  A. may B. must C. might D. can 5. --- _____ I speak to Mary, please?    --- Sorry, she____ come to the phone because she isn’t in.  A. Might; won’t  B. Can’t; mustn’t C. May; can’t D. Couldn’t; shouldn’t 三、shall与should用法 shall 三人称（疑问句） - 征求对方意见 What shall we do this evening? 三人称 - 命令、警告、允诺、威胁 You shall fail if you don’t work hard. He shall be punished. should 劝告、建议≈ought to 居然 You should go to class right away. To my surprise, he should be a thief. 【随堂练习三】 1. Let's take a walk, ________?   A. will we  B. don't we C. do we D. shall we 2. Professor Wang,many students want to see you. _____they wait here or outside?    A. Do  B. Are C. Will D. Shall 3. --“Shall we go shopping?”  --“Sorry, we _______ buy anything now because none of the shops are open.”  A. mustn’t  B. needn’t C. can’t D. shouldn’t 4. —Shall I tell John about it?  —No, you ______ . I've told him already.  A. needn't   B. wouldn't C. mustn't  D. shouldn’t 5. It has been announced that candidates_____ remain in their seats until all the papers have been collected.  A. can B. will C. may  D. shall  must与have to用法 必须 must 必须，必要 Must we hand in our exercise books today? -Yes, you must. -No, you don’t have to/you needn’t. must be 表推测 This must be your pen. have to 强调客观需要（must主观） I had to work when I was in your age. 【随堂练习四】 1. My wife never remembers my telephone number. She always ____ look it up.  A. must  B. should C. would  D. has to 2. “Look at these tracks. It _______ be a wolf.”  “Don’t be so sure. I think it _______ be a fox.”  A. must; could   B. may; might C. need; must   D. could; need 3. ---Where is my uncle, Mary?  ---He ___ in the bedroom.  A. must have been   B. must be  C. may have been   D. should have been 4. ---"________ you mind my opening the window?"    ---"Not at all. "     A. Shall   B. Should  C. Will    D. Would 5. ---Must I take a taxi?  ---No, you_____.You can walk from here.  A. don’t  B. must not  C. don’t have to D. had better not to will与would用法 请求建议、意志、愿望 Would you pass me the book?（would比will委婉） I will never do that again. would还表示“过去常常”vs. used to do 【随堂练习五】 1. ---"________ you mind my opening the window?"    ---"Not at all. "     A. Shall  B. Should  C. Will D. Would 2. ---Write to me when you get home.       ---_________. A. I must  B. I should C. I will D. I can 3. John promised his doctor he ______  not smoke. And he has never smoked ever since.    A. might  B. should C. could D. would 4. -- Mr. Gordon asked me to remind you of the meeting this afternoon. Don’t forget it!     -- OK, I _______.  A. won’t  B. don’t C. can’t D. needn’t need用法 情态和实义 情态动词 + 动词原形 ①否定式 ②疑问式 He need not（needn’t）go. -- Need we do it again? -- No, you needn’t do it again. 实义动词 + 带to不定式 ①肯定式 ②否定式 ③疑问式 He needs to go. He doesn’t need to go. -- Does he need to do it again? -- No, he doesn’t need to do it again. 3. did not need to do 表示过去没有必要做 She didn’t need to attend the meeting yesterday, and she stayed with her children.（她没有参加） 4. 表示被动：need doing = need to be done The flower needs watering. = The flower needs to be watered. 【随堂练习六】 1. You _________ do the exercise if you don't want to.     A. may not  B. can't C. mustn't D. needn’t 2. Did he need ________ then?     A. leave  B. to leave C. leaving D. left 3. ---Shall I tell John about it?          ---No, you _________. I've told him already.      A. needn't  B. wouldn't C. mustn't D. shouldn't 4. You don’t______to go there if you have no time.  A. need B. want C. must D. ought 5. ---___ I finish all the work before the noon?            ---No, you ____ , you ____ finish it by tomorrow.  A. Must; needn't; must  B. Must;needn't;may C. May;needn't;will D. Need;needn't;may should与ought to用法 应该 should ought to 表劝告、建议 You should listen to the doctor’s advice. We should learn from Lei Feng. 表示“有责任有必要”做某事 You ought to finish your work before you go home. We ought to help each other. 【随堂练习七】 1. I know things are hard with you, but you ____try to get over the difficulties.  A. can  B. may C. must D. Should 2. You _____ practise the drums while the baby is sleeping.   A. needn’t   B. mightn’t C. shouldn’t  D. won’t 3. You _________ pay more attention to your spelling next time.  A. would    B. would  C. will  D. shall 4. You ought ____ for what you have done.  A. not to be punished  B. to not be punished C. to not punished D. not be punished used to与would用法 过去常常 used to would 表示过去的动作、状态 重在与现在情况的对比，不一定要有时间状语 I used to play cards a lot, but now I seldom play. My hometown is not what it used to be. 只表示过去动作的重复 有明确的时间状语 I would go to see my grandfather on Sunday when he was in the middle school. Would后只接表动作的动词，不接表认识或状态动词 He used to be nervous in the exam. 注：used to do的否定式：usedn’t to do或didn’t use to do（usedn’t也可写成usen’t） 疑问式：① Did you use to do? ② Didn’t you use to do? Used you to do? Usedn’t you to do? 【随堂练习八】 1. There ________ be a lot of small houses on both sides of the street.  A. used to  B. get used to C. would D. did use to 2. When I was studying at Beijing University, I ____ take a walk along the lake every evening.    A. will B. would  C. could D. shall 3. She is studying medical science now but she _________ a lawyer.  A. used to be  B. would be C. were D. had been 4. You can’t imagine that a well-behaved gentleman ______ be so rude to a lady.     A. might  B. need C. would D. should 课后习题 一、语法填空 Tasui is a teenager who lives in Africa. When he was young, he had polio(小儿麻赛症). Although he wants to go to school, he 1 work. Tasui is only one of millions of children 2 can’t go to school. Many must work to support their 3 (family). Therefore, more than 100 million children will never receive an education. Can anything be done? Global Campaign for Education(GCE) thinks so. It was formed 4 (solve) this problem. The government aims to give every person, 5 (especial) those in poverty, an opportunity to get an education. 6 (establish) in 1999, GCE is made up of 120 organizations with members in almost 100 countries. Education is a basic human right, 7 GCE campaigns to realize this right. It works with government to improve education in each country. Today, nearly 1 in 6 people around the world 8 read or write. Not being able to read impacts a person’s job opportunities and 9 (increase) poverty. GCE seeks to provide teaching materials in primary students’ mother tongues. Around the world, many girls are often denied an education. GGE aims to give women the same opportunities as men. GCE believes that education 10 change lives. 二、短文改错 When I first learn to write in English, I ran into much difficulties. The main problem was that I always think in Chinese and tried to translate into English everything which I came across. My teacher advised I kept a diary. I followed his advice and put down 100 words or so each day. Soon I began to enjoy talk to myself and I can express myself in simple English. One day I wrote a story and showed to my teacher. He liked it very much that he read it to the class. All said that the story was a good one. Their words were an great encouragement to me. 第7讲 情态动词答案 第 8 页 共 11 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 【随堂练习一】ABAAA 【随堂练习二】BDBAC 【随堂练习三】DDDAD 【随堂练习四】DABDC 【随堂练习五】DCDA 【随堂练习六】DBAAB 【随堂练习七】DCAA 【随堂练习八】ABAC 课后习题 一、语法填空 1. must根据表示让步的连词although及后面的Many must work判断此处填must,意为“必须”。 2. who/that 所填词引导定语从句，在从句中作主语，指人，故填 who 或 that。 3. families 集体名调family在此被看作整体，表示“家庭”；前面有their修饰,故用其复数形式。 4 to solve动词不定式表示目的。 5. especially表示强调,作状语，意为“尤其”，故填副词especially。 6. Established establish与GCE是被动关系，故用过去分词作状语。 7. and前后两句之间是并列关系，故填连词and。 8.cannot/can’t 根据后一句的Not being able to read判断本空填cannot或can’t。 9. increases 与前面的impacts是并列谓语，故用第三人称单数形式。 10. can 句意：GCE认为教育能够改变生活。由句意可知填情态动词can“能够”。 二、短文改错 When I first learn to write in English, I ran into much difficulties. The main problem was that I always think in Chinese and tried to translate into English everything which I came across. My teacher advised I kept a diary. I followed his advice and put down 100 words or so each day. Soon I began to enjoy talk to myself and I can express myself in simple English. One day I wrote a story and showed to my teacher. He liked it very much that he read it to the class. All said that the story was a good one. Their words were an great encouragement to me. 1. learnt/learned。 根据前文的first和下文可知应用过去时。 2. many。difficulties是复数形式，应用many修饰。 3.thought。结合全文时态可知，此处应为一般过去时。 4. that或删掉which。先行词是everything，定语从句应用that引导，引导词在从句中作宾语，可省略。 5. keep。根据句意结合主句谓语动词advise可知，此处指老师对“我”的建议，须用虚拟语气。 6. talking。enjoy后跟动词的ing形式作宾语。 7. could。根据上下文的意思及句子语境可知，此处指过去情况，须用过去时。 8. showed后加it。show是及物动词，后跟双宾语，根据前文的a story判断加it。 9. so。so…that…“如此——以致于——”为固定句型。 10.a。great以辅音音素开头，其前冠词应用a。 $$