热点话题12 环境保护-备战2025年高考英语语法填空热点话题练习

热点话题12 环境保护 基础语篇巩固练 （2025·青海西宁·二模）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The headwater region of the Yangtze River, 1 (know) as Sanjiangyuan, is like a human brain, which can influence the situation as a whole. The ecological environment of the source area plays a crucial role in 2 (maintain) the stability of the climate system, water resources security, biodiversity and ecosystem security along the Yangtze River. In recent years, the ecological environment 3 (protect) of the Sanjiangyuan area has achieved remarkable results. Data from Qinghai’s ecology and environment department shows that the water quality of the Yangtze River’s mainstream in the province 4 (remain) in a Class-I or Class-II condition for many years. In 1976, China organized its first scientific expedition to the headwater region of the Yangtze River. After overcoming many hardships, the expedition team 5 (eventual)traced (追溯) the source of the Yangtze River to the foot of Mount Geladandong, 6 changed the length of the Yangtze River and confirmed it as the 7 (three) longest river in the world. 8 (gain) a deeper understanding of the changes in the ecological environment in the source area of the Yangtze River, scientists have carried out comprehensive scientific expeditions to the Sanjiangyuan area since 2012. At present, the expedition has established 9 field scientific research observation system, including over 20 river observation sections and points, extending from wetlands, glaciers and water ecology and water environment evolution, 10 river channel evolution, water and sand changes. 【答案】 1．known 2．maintaining 3．protection 4．has remained 5．eventually 6．which 7．third 8．To gain 9．a 10．to 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。长江源头三江源地区生态环境至关重要。中国自1976年起多次组织科考，建立观测系统，深入研究并保护该地区。 1．考查非谓语动词。句意：长江源头地区，被称为三江源，就像人类的大脑，它能影响整体的局势。句中已有谓语动词，“know” 需用非谓语形式。“be known as” 意为 “被称为”，此处用过去分词短语 “known as Sanjiangyuan” 作后置定语。故填known。 2．考查非谓语动词。句意：源头地区的生态环境在维持长江沿线气候系统的稳定、水资源安全、生物多样性和生态系统安全方面起着至关重要的作用。“in” 是介词，介词后接动词时要用动词的 -ing 形式（动名词）作宾语。故填maintaining。 3．考查名词。句意：近年来，三江源地区的生态环境保护取得了显著成效。此处需要一个名词作句子的主语，“protect” 是动词，其名词形式 “protection” 表示 “保护”，“the ecological environment protection” 意为 “生态环境保护”。故填protection。 4．考查动词时态。句意：青海生态环境部门的数据显示，该省长江干流的水质多年来一直保持在一类或二类水质。根据 “for many years”（多年来），表示从过去持续到现在的一段时间，要用现在完成时，“the water quality” 是不可数名词，作主语时谓语动词用单数形式，所以用 “has remained”。故填has remained。 5．考查副词。句意：克服了许多困难后，考察队最终将长江的源头追溯到各拉丹冬峰脚下。“traced” 是谓语动词，这里需要一个副词来修饰动词 “traced”，“eventual” 是形容词，其副词形式 “eventually” 表示 “最终”，作状语修饰 “traced”。故填eventually。 6．考查定语从句。句意：克服了许多困难后，考察队最终将长江的源头追溯到各拉丹冬峰脚下，这改变了长江的长度并确认它为世界第三长河。逗号后面是一个非限制性定语从句，先行词是前面整个主句，在定语从句中作主语，关系代词用 “which”，指代前面整个句子所描述的事情。故填which。 7．考查数词。句意：克服了许多困难后，考察队最终将长江的源头追溯到各拉丹冬峰脚下，这改变了长江的长度并确认它为世界第三长河。根据 “the” 和 “longest” 可知，这里表示 “第三长”，“three” 是基数词，要用其序数词 “third” 来表示顺序，“the third longest” 意为 “第三长的”。故填 third。 8．考查非谓语动词。句意：为了更深入地了解长江源头地区生态环境的变化，自 2012 年以来，科学家们对三江源地区进行了综合科学考察。在句中作目的状语，动词不定式 “To gain” 表示 “为了获得”，置于句首表目的。故填To gain。 9．考查冠词。句意：目前，这次考察已经建立了一个野外科学研究观测系统，包括 20 多个河流观测断面和测点，范围从湿地、冰川以及水生态和水环境演变，到河道演变、水沙变化。“field scientific research observation system” 是可数名词单数，这里表示 “一个” 野外科学研究观测系统，“field” 是以辅音音素开头的单词，所以用不定冠词 “a” 来修饰。故填a。 10．考查介词。句意：目前，这次考察已经建立了一个野外科学研究观测系统，包括 20 多个河流观测断面和测点，范围从湿地、冰川以及水生态和水环境演变，到河道演变、水沙变化。 “from...to...” 的固定搭配，表示 “从…… 到……”，所以用介词 “to”。故填to。 （2025·河南·一模）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Even at 80, Mei Jingtian continues to patrol (巡逻) the Shixiaguan section of the Great Wall. Having been working for over four decades, he skillfully taps the ground with a wooden stick, driving wild animals away 1 (ensure) his safety. Mei lives in Shixia, a village near the Shixiaguan section. The villager has 2 deep affection for the Great Wall. As a child, Mei always 3 (play) hide-and-seek with his friends there. However, in 1979 4 he returned to his hometown after working outside for years, he was shocked by the damage to the Great Wall. To help protect the wonder, Mei volunteered 5 a guardian, patrolling 20 kilometers each day. In 1984, a protection campaign was launched. Realizing the 6 (significant) of heritage protection, the villagers returned the bricks they had taken and joined Mei on patrol. In 2006, Mei 7 (successful) set up a local volunteer protection association, and the villagers joined it. China has continued to step up 8 (effort) to protect the Great Wall. From 2015 to 2023, China approved 289 protection projects, and over 6,800 guardians nationwide were devoted to protection work. Today, more 9 (advance) technology has been adopted for protection. “It is my biggest wish to see heritage well-preserved and available to visit, 10 (encourage) more people to join us in protecting the Great Wall,” Mei says. 【答案】 1．to ensure 2．a 3．played 4．when 5．as 6．significance 7．successfully 8．efforts 9．advanced 10．encouraging 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了80岁的梅景田继续巡逻长城，以及他为保护长城所做出的贡献和中国在保护长城方面的努力。 1．考查非谓语动词。句意：他熟练地用一根木棍敲打地面，赶走野生动物以确保自己的安全。ensure在句中应用非谓语动词形式，此处作目的状语，应用不定式。故填to ensure。 2．考查冠词。句意：这位村民对长城有着深厚的感情。have a deep affection for是固定搭配，意为“对……有很深的感情”。故填a。 3．考查动词时态。句意：小时候，梅经常和朋友们在那里玩。空处为句子的谓语动词。根据上文As a child可知，描述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时。故填played。 4．考查定语从句。句意：然而，1979年，当他在外面工作多年后回到家乡时，他对长城的破坏感到震惊。空处引导定语从句，先行词1979，在定语从句中作时间状语，需用关系副词when引导该从句。故填when。 5．考查介词。句意：为了帮助保护这一奇观，梅自愿成为一名守护者，每天巡逻20公里。as a guardian 意为“作为一个守护人员”，所以用介词as，表示“作为”。故填as。 6．考查名词。句意：意识到遗产保护的重要性，村民们归还了他们拿走的砖块，并和梅一起巡逻。作宾语，表示“重要性”应用名词significance，不可数。故填significance。 7．考查副词。句意：2006年，梅成功成立了一个地方志愿者保护协会，村民们也加入了进来。修饰动词短语set up，应用副词successfully“成功地”，作状语。故填successfully。 8．考查名词复数。句意：中国继续加大保护长城的力度。effort为可数名词“努力”，此处数量大于一，应用复数形式。故填efforts。 9．考查形容词。句意：如今，更多的先进技术被用于保护。修饰名词technology，应用形容词advanced“先进的”，作定语。故填advanced。 10．考查非谓语动词。句意：“我最大的愿望是看到遗产得到妥善保护，并可供参观，鼓励更多的人加入我们保护长城的行列，”梅说。encourage在句中应用非谓语动词形式此处作状语。此处应用现在分词作伴随状语。故填encouraging。 （2025·辽宁·一模）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Chinese Forest Program launched in 1978 and set to conclude around 2050 is a national 1 (ecology) engineering project, which reflects the country’s continuous efforts to fight desertification. Extending 13 provinces, 2 its start, the program has already turned vast desert areas into green landscapes. On the whole, Inner Mongolia covers over 60% of the areas, 3 (mean) the region bears the lion’s share of the responsibilities of greening the areas, given the fact that desertification here is 4 (undoubted) one of the most under-reported environment crises. 5 (ensure) that all affected areas in Inner Mongol are included in the national plan, Inner Mongolia has completed 6 series of plans and sought national project funding support. The experts say up till now Inner Mongolia’ s control effectiveness has ranked first among the 13 places involved 7 that hopefully it will set an excellent example for others around the country to follow. It is the first time that the afforestation (造林) area in Inner Mongolia 8 (cover) 5.56million mu. To our delight, the area 9 sand and desert control measures were carried out has taken on an apparently new look and boosted the government’s confidence in promoting them in more areas. To achieve further goals, local authorities are stressing the need to establish and improve a stable investment system, which enables to have more businesses and 10 (individual) involved in sand and desert control work. 【答案】 1．ecological 2．since 3．meaning 4．undoubtedly 5．To ensure 6．a 7．and 8．has covered 9．where 10．individuals 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国自1978年启动的森林工程计划及其在防治荒漠化方面取得的成就，特别强调了内蒙古在该计划中的重要地位和显著成效。 1．考查形容词。句意：中国森林工程始于1978年，计划于2050年左右结束，这是一项国家生态工程项目，反映了国家不断努力防治荒漠化。此处修饰名词engineering project，应用形容词ecological“生态的”，作定语。故填ecological。 2．考查介词。句意：自启动以来，该项目已扩展到13个省份，将大片沙漠地区变成了绿色景观。此处表示“自从……以来”，应用介词since。故填since。 3．考查非谓语动词。句意：总的来说，内蒙古的面积超过60%，这意味着该地区承担了绿化地区的最大责任，因为这里的荒漠化无疑是最不被报道的环境危机之一。空处为非谓语动词，与上文为主动关系，应用现在分词，作状语。故填meaning。 4．考查副词。句意：总的来说，内蒙古的面积超过60%，这意味着该地区承担了绿化地区的最大责任，因为这里的荒漠化无疑是最不被报道的环境危机之一。此处修饰动词is，应用副词undoubtedly“毫无疑问地”，作状语。故填undoubtedly。 5．考查非谓语动词。句意：为确保内蒙古所有受影响地区都被纳入国家计划，内蒙古完成了一系列计划并寻求国家项目资金支持。此处表示目的，应用动词不定式，作目的状语，句首单词，首字母大写。故填To ensure。 6．考查冠词。句意：为确保内蒙古所有受影响地区都被纳入国家计划，内蒙古完成了一系列计划并寻求国家项目资金支持。固定搭配a series of“一系列”。故填a。 7．考查连词。句意：专家表示，到目前为止，内蒙古的控制效果在13个相关地区中排名第一，希望它能为全国其他地区树立一个很好的榜样。连接两个并列的宾语从句，不存在转折或选择关系，应用并列连词and。故填and。 8．考查动词时态。句意：这是内蒙古造林面积首次达到556万亩。固定句型It is the first time that +现在完成时，主语the afforestation (造林) area in Inner Mongolia是单数，助动词使用has。故填has covered。 9．考查定语从句关系词。句意：令我们高兴的是，实施防沙治沙措施的地区已经呈现出明显的新面貌。此处是定语从句，先行词是the area，关系词在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where引导。故填where。 10．考查名词复数。句意：为了实现进一步的目标，地方当局强调有必要建立和完善一个稳定的投资体系，使更多的企业和个人参与到防沙治沙工作中来。此处与businesses并列，应用复数形式，作宾语。故填individuals。 （2025·山东济宁·一模）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The Taklimakan Desert, infamous as the “Sea of Death”, has now been fully encircled by the longest sand-blocking green ecological barrier, 1 length reaches an impressive 3, 046 kilometers, 2 (mark) the completion of over 40 years of efforts to contain the desert expansion within a safety zone. Covering 337, 600 square kilometers, the Taklimakan is China’s largest drifting desert, which poses an 3 (increasing) alarming threat to surrounding oases (绿洲) and serves as a significant source of dust storms and an upwind area for the country. In an effort to battle desertification and relieve the unfavorable effects of shifting sands and dust storms 4 nearby residents, the “Green Great Wall” has gradually emerged. So far, alongside the green belt, efforts 5 (make) to promote the development of sand-related industries, such as ceramics and pottery. The green belt not only acts as 6 ecological barrier but also stabilizes agriculture, boosts Xinjiang’s economic development, and highlights China’s technological and organizational strength in ecological governance. It is a shining example of 7 can be achieved through technological innovation and organizational capabilities. With a target 8 (restore) 2. 34 million hectares of degraded land by 2030, this ongoing initiative will safeguard the environment and promote 9 (region) sustainable development. With the successful completion of the green barrier, this region, once troubled by serious sandstorms, is set to see renewed 10 (vital) and dynamic ecosystems. 【答案】 1．whose 2．marking 3．increasingly 4．on/upon 5．have been made 6．an 7．what 8．to restore 9．regional 10．vitality 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述历经40余年，中国在塔克拉玛干沙漠建成最长防沙屏障，它遏制沙漠扩张，推动产业发展，助力生态恢复。 1．考查定语从句。句意：塔克拉玛干沙漠，因其“死亡之海”而声名狼藉，如今已被最长的防沙绿色生态屏障完全环绕，其长度达到了令人惊叹的3046公里，标志着40多年来将沙漠扩张控制在安全区域内的努力得以完成。分析句子可知，这里考查非限制性定语从句，先行词为the longest sand-blocking green ecological barrier，在从句中作定语，所以应用关系代词whose引导。故填whose。 2．考查非谓语。句意：塔克拉玛干沙漠，因其 “死亡之海” 而声名狼藉，如今已被最长的防沙绿色生态屏障完全环绕，其长度达到了令人惊叹的3046公里，标志着40多年来将沙漠扩张控制在安全区域内的努力得以完成。分析句子可知，这里考查非谓语，mark与前面的句子是主动关系，应用现在分词形式作状语。故填marking。 3．考查副词。句意：塔克拉玛干沙漠面积达33.76万平方公里，是中国最大的流动沙漠，它对周围的绿洲构成了越来越严重的威胁，并且是该国沙尘暴的重要源头和上风向地区。alarming是形容词，修饰形容词应用副词作状语。故填increasingly。 4．考查介词。句意：为了对抗沙漠化，减轻流沙和沙尘暴对附近居民的不利影响，“绿色长城”逐渐形成。分析句子可知，这里考查“relieve the effects on/upon...”，是固定搭配，表示“减轻对…… 的影响”，所以此处应用介词on或者upon。故填on或upon。 5．考查动词时态和语态。句意：到目前为止，除了绿化带之外，人们已经努力推动了与沙子相关的产业发展，比如制陶业。分析句子可知。这里考查谓语动词，efforts与make之间是被动关系，再根据So far可知，句子应用现在完成时的被动语态，其结构为“have/has been + 过去分词”，主语efforts是复数，助动词用have。故填have been made。 6．考查冠词。句意：这条绿化带不仅是一道生态屏障，而且稳定了农业，促进了新疆的经济发展，突显了中国在生态治理方面的技术和组织实力。分析句子可知，ecological barrier是可数名词单数，此处泛指“一道生态屏障”，应用不定冠词，ecological是以元音音素开头的单词，所以用不定冠词an。故填an。 7．考查宾语从句。句意：这是一个通过技术创新和组织能力能够实现的成就的光辉典范。分析句子可知，of后面是一个宾语从句，从句中缺少主语，表示“所……的事情”，所以应用连接代词what引导。故填what。 8．考查非谓语。句意：到2030年，该正在进行的计划的目标是恢复234万公顷的退化土地，这将保护生态环境并促进地区的可持续发展。target后常用动词不定式作后置定语，a target to do sth.表示“做某事的目标”。故填to restore。 9．考查形容词。句意：到2030年，该正在进行的计划的目标是恢复234万公顷的退化土地，这将保护生态环境并促进地区的可持续发展。分析句子可知，development是名词，修饰名词应用形容词作定语。故填regional。 10．考查名词。句意：随着绿色屏障的成功建成，这个曾经饱受严重沙尘暴困扰的地区将迎来新的生机和充满活力的生态系统。空处作see的宾语，名词vitality，表示“活力；生机”，符合句意，不可数。故填vitality。 （24-25高三下·山东·阶段练习）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式，并将答案填写在答题卡上。 China has added over 100,000 km² of wetlands since 2012. This is equal to adding an area the size of London every two years, with its total wetland area now 1 (amount) to more than 56 million hectares. This 2 (restore) is part of China’s broader efforts to recover its wetland ecosystems, 3 have experienced significant improvements in their ecological conditions — more than 2,200 wetland nature reserves have been established nationwide. Covering just 6 percent of the Earth’s land surface, wetlands are among the planet’s most 4 (influence) ecosystems. They provide critical services such as water purification, flood control, and carbon absorption 5 support 40 percent of all species, including countless plants, fish and migratory birds, according to Max Finlayson, a wetland ecologist. Mangroves (红树林) are a specific type of wetland found in tropical and subtropical coastal regions. China’s mangrove conservation and recovery efforts have been 6 (dramatic) successful, with over 8,800 hectares planted and 8,200 hectares restored in the past five years, resulting 7 a net increase in mangrove coverage. “Now, China’ s mangrove area exceeds 300 km², 8 nearly 40 percent rise since the early 2000s,” an official said at a meeting 9 (host) by the forestry and grassland administration. Last December, China 10 (further) its commitment by establishing the International Mangrove Center in Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, aiming to promote global cooperation in mangrove conservation. 【答案】 1．amounting 2．restoration 3．which 4．influential 5．and 6．dramatically 7．in 8．a 9．hosted 10．furthered 【导语】本文是说明文。是关于中国湿地保护和恢复工作的报道与解释。 1．考查非谓语动词。句意：这相当于每两年增加一个伦敦大小的面积，目前其湿地总面积已超过5600万公顷。本句是with引导的复合结构，amount和逻辑主语its total wetland area之间是主动关系，用现在分词形式。故填amounting。 2．考查名词。句意：这一修复工程是中国恢复湿地生态系统这一更广泛努力的一部分，中国的湿地生态系统生态状况已得到显著改善——全国已建立了2200多个湿地自然保护区。空处应填名词作主语，restore的名词形式是restoration。故填restoration。 3．考查定语从句。句意：这一修复工程是中国恢复湿地生态系统这一更广泛努力的一部分，中国的湿地生态系统生态状况已得到显著改善——全国已建立了2200多个湿地自然保护区。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是wetland ecosystems，在从句中作主语，用which引导。故填which。 4．考查形容词。句意：湿地仅占地球陆地面积的6%，是地球上最具影响力的生态系统之一。空后是名词，所以空处应填形容词作定语，influence的形容词形式是influential。故填influential。 5．考查连词。句意：湿地生态学家Max Finlayson表示，湿地提供了水净化、洪水控制和碳吸收等关键服务，并支持着40%的物种，包括无数的植物、鱼类和候鸟。根据句意可知，support 40 percent of all species和前文的critical services并列，用and连接。故填and。 6．考查副词。句意：中国的红树林保护和恢复工作取得了巨大成功，在过去五年中种植了8800多公顷，恢复了8200公顷，使红树林覆盖面积净增加。修饰空后的形容词，用副词，dramatic的副词形式是dramatically。故填dramatically。 7．考查介词。句意：中国的红树林保护和恢复工作取得了巨大成功，在过去五年中种植了8800多公顷，恢复了8200公顷，使红树林覆盖面积净增加。此处是固定搭配：result in意为“导致”。故填in。 8．考查冠词。句意：“现在，中国的红树林面积超过300平方公里，自21世纪初以来增长了近40%，”一位官员在林业和草原管理局主持的一次会议上说。rise意为“增长”为可数名词，句中用的单数，要用不定冠词修饰，nearly为辅音因素开头。故填a。 9．考查非谓语动词。句意：“现在，中国的红树林面积超过300平方公里，自21世纪初以来增长了近40%，”一位官员在林业和草原管理局主持的一次会议上说。本句已有谓语动词said，所以host用非谓语形式，根据后文的by可知，用过去分词表被动，作定语。故填hosted。 10．考查动词时态。句意：去年12月，中国进一步履行承诺，在广东省深圳建立了国际红树林中心，旨在促进全球红树林保护合作。further作本句谓语，根据时间状语Last December可知，用一般过去时。故填furthered。 （2025·辽宁·模拟预测）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Air pollution is a major issue in Europe, with many cities and areas beyond the European Union’s air quality standards. The sources of air pollution in Europe are diverse, including transportation, industry, agriculture, and housing heating. Air pollution has significant health effects, including people’s having difficulty 1 (breathe) and heart diseases, and is estimated 2 (cause) hundreds of thousands of early deaths each year in Europe. To address this issue, the European Union has applied a range of measures to reduce air pollution levels, including guidelines on releases from vehicles and 3 (industry) sources, and support for renewable energy and energy 4 (efficient) . However, more needs to be done to ensure that air pollution levels are reduced 5 safe levels across Europe. Cars, trucks, and other vehicles produce pollutants such as nitrogen oxides (一氧化二氮) and carbon monoxide (一氧化碳), 6 can have serious health effects. In response, the European Union has made strict giving-out standards for vehicles. 7 , there is still a long way to go to achieve safe air quality levels in many cities. Factories give off pollutants with serious health effects. The European Union has applied 8 (rule) on productions, and has also supported the development of renewable energy sources such as wind and solar power. So far, these measures 9 (help) to reduce pollution levels, but more needs to be done to ensure that industry operates in an 10 (environmental) friendly manner. 【答案】 1．breathing 2．to cause 3．industrial 4．efficiency 5．to 6．which 7．However 8．rules 9．have helped 10．environmentally 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了欧洲的空气污染的原因和空气污染对健康的影响，以及为解决这个问题所采取的措施。 1．考查动名词。句意：空气污染对健康有重大影响，包括人们呼吸困难和心脏病，估计每年在欧洲造成数十万人过早死亡。“have difficulty (in) doing sth.”为固定短语，意为“做某事有困难”，所以此处用breathe的动名词形式 breathing。故填breathing。 2．考查动词不定式。句意：空气污染对健康有重大影响，包括人们呼吸困难和心脏病，估计每年在欧洲造成数十万人过早死亡。“be estimated to do sth.”表示“据估计做某事”，为固定用法，所以此处用动词不定式 to cause，作主语补足语。故填to cause。 3．考查形容词。句意：为了解决这个问题，欧盟已经采取了一系列措施来降低空气污染水平，包括车辆和工业排放的指导方针，以及支持可再生能源和能源效率。此处修饰名词sources，应用形容词形式，industry的形容词是industrial，意为“工业的”。故填industrial。 4．考查名词。句意：为了解决这个问题，欧盟已经采取了一系列措施来降低空气污染水平，包括车辆和工业排放的指导方针，以及支持可再生能源和能源效率。根据and连接并列成分，此处也应用名词形式作宾语，efficient的名词是efficiency，“energy efficiency” 意为 “能源效率”。故填efficiency。 5．考查固定短语、句意：然而，要确保整个欧洲的空气污染水平降低到安全水平，还需要做更多的工作。“reduce...to...”为固定短语，意为“把…… 降低到……”，这里表示把空气污染水平降低到安全水平。故填to。 6．考查定语从句。句意：汽车、卡车和其他交通工具会产生氮氧化物和一氧化碳等污染物，这些污染物会对健康造成严重影响。分析句子结构可知，此处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是 pollutants，指物，在从句中作主语，所以用关系代词which。故填which。 7．考查副词。句意：然而，许多城市要达到安全的空气质量水平还有很长的路要走。前面提到欧盟制定了严格的车辆排放标准，后面说在许多城市要达到安全的空气质量水平还有很长的路要走，前后为转折关系，且空后有逗号，所以用副词However表示“然而”。故填However。 8．考查名词复数形式。句意：欧盟已经对生产实施了规定，并支持风能和太阳能等可再生能源的发展。rule是可数名词，根据语境可知，欧盟制定了多项规则，所以用复数形式 rules。故填rules。 9．考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：到目前为止，这些措施有助于减少污染水平，但要确保工业以环保的方式运作，还需要做更多的工作。根据时间状语“So far”可知，句子应用现在完成时，其结构为“have/has +过去分词”，主语 these measures 是复数，助动词用 have，help 的过去分词是helped。故填have helped。 10．考查副词。句意：到目前为止，这些措施有助于减少污染水平，但要确保工业以环保的方式运作，还需要做更多的工作。此处修饰形容词 friendly，应用副词形式，environmental的副词是 environmentally，“environmentally friendly”意为“环保的”。故填environmentally。 （2025·河南驻马店·模拟预测）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 July 31 1 (mark) World Ranger Day, and its theme this year is “30 by 30”, which is about ensuring that at least 30 percent of the planet is 2 (effect) conserved and managed by 2030, as outlined in the Global Biodiversity Framework agreed upon by world leaders and decision-makers at the 2022 United Nations Convention on Biological Diversity. Without rangers, many species would likely be extinct, and the ecosystems would be in a more degraded state. Rangers are, in many cases, putting their lives 3 risk, so that the people can enjoy fresh air, fresh water and a healthy planet. Globally, there are about 286,000 rangers according to the International Ranger Federation. Since the last World Ranger Day, at least 140 rangers 4 (lose)their lives in the line of duty, with 53 percent of these fatalities occurring in Asia and 30 percent in Africa. While this figure is slightly lower than the 148 ranger deaths reported in 2023, it remains high, 5 (bring) the total to 1,319 ranger deaths over the past decade. A troubling trend is that homicides account for the 6 (major) of these deaths (27 percent), 7 (follow) closely by animal encounters (26 percent). The federation highlights that the global number of rangers is significantly below 8 is needed. With  the Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework aiming 9 (ensure) that 30 percent of the planet is conserved by 2030, it points out that it is crucial to invest not only in our current rangers 10 also in the training of future rangers to achieve the goal. 【答案】 1．marks 2．effectively 3．at 4．have lost 5．bringing 6．majority 7．followed 8．what 9．to ensure 10．but 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章围绕世界护林员日展开，介绍其主题，护林员牺牲现状及数量缺口，强调需加大护林员培养投入 。 1．考查时态。句意：7月31日是世界护林员日。这里考查谓语动词，July 31与mark为主动关系，句子陈述客观事实，用一般现在时，主语July 31是第三人称单数，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式，故填marks。 2．考查副词。句意：今年的主题是 “2030年达到30%”，即到2030年，确保地球上至少 30% 的区域得到有效保护和管理。此处用副词作状语修饰动词conserved and managed。故填effectively。 3．考查固定短语。句意：在很多情况下，护林员们冒着生命危险，让人们能够享受新鲜的空气、干净的水和一个健康的地球。这里考查put...at risk，是固定短语，意为“使…… 处于危险中”。故填at。 4．考查时态。句意：自上一个世界护林员日以来，至少有140名护林员在执行任务中牺牲。这里考查谓语动词，主语at least 140 rangers与lose为主动关系，Since the last World Ranger Day是现在完成时的时间标志，所以用现在完成时，主语at least 140 rangers是复数，助动词用have。故填have lost。 5．考查非谓语。句意：虽然这一数字略低于2023年报告的148名护林员死亡人数，但仍然很高，使得过去十年护林员死亡总数达到1319人。逗号前是完整句子，此处用非谓语动词，bring和逻辑主语this figure是主动关系，再由句意可知，应用现在分词作结果状语。故填bringing。 6．考查名词。句意：一个令人不安的趋势是，谋杀占这些死亡人数的大多数（27%）。这里考查the majority of，是固定短语，意为“大多数……”。故填majority。 7．考查非谓语。句意：紧随其后的是与动物遭遇（26%）。这里考查非谓语，follow和逻辑主语homicides是被动关系，再由句意可知，应用过去分词作后置定语。故填followed。 8．考查宾语从句。句意：该联盟强调，全球护林员的数量远远低于实际所需的数量。“ 8 is needed”是宾语从句，从句中缺少主语，由句意可知，应用连接代词what引导。故填what。 9．考查非谓语。句意：《昆明 - 蒙特利尔全球生物多样性框架》旨在到 2030 年确保地球上 30% 的区域得到保护。这里考查aim to do sth.，是固定用法，意为“旨在做某事”。故填to ensure。 10．考查固定搭配。句意：它指出，不仅要投资于我们现有的护林员，还要投资于未来护林员的培训，以实现这一目标。这里考查not only...but also...，是固定搭配，意为“不但…… 而且……”。故填but。 （2025·河北秦皇岛·一模）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 China has completed work on nationwide “ecological redlines” 1 (aim) at preserving its ecosystems. First proposed in 2011, 2 initiative puts large parts of the country off-limits to development. “It is hoped that it will stop some of the damage from rapid urbanisation and 3 (industry) growth,” a government official said on Thursday. Since the redline plan was first proposed in 2011, China 4 (establish) many national grade nature reserves. The goal is 5 (fight) against what the Ministry of Environmental Protection(MEP) mentioned in 2015 as “irrational development” that had encroached (侵占) upon forests and wetlands. The reserves are targeted at 6 (protect) endangered species such as the giant panda, snow leopard and golden monkey. The lines have now been fully decided, 7 (rough) covering an area of 3 million square kilometres of land——about 30 per cent of China’s total—as well as 150,000. sq km of sea areas. “All of the protected areas are under government supervision (监督) ,” Wang Zhibin, head of the nature protection office at the Ministry of Ecology and Environment(MEE),said at a news 8 (confer) in Beijing. “The supervision network makes use of 30 Chinese and foreign satellites 9 can spot human encroachment as it happens,” he added. Wang said that China will put more effort 10 ecological protection. “It is difficult to draw red lines, and it is even more difficult to strictly follow them,” he said. 【答案】 1．aimed 2．the 3．industrial 4．has established 5．to fight 6．protecting 7．roughly 8．conference 9．that/which 10．into 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了中国已经完成了全国范围内旨在保护生态系统的“生态红线”工作。该计划于2011年首次提出，主要是用来保护生态系统。 1．考查非谓语动词。句意：中国已经完成了全国范围内旨在保护生态系统的“生态红线”工作。分析句子可知，此处为非谓语动词作后置定语修饰“ecological redlines”，“ecological redlines”与“aim”之间是被动关系，即“生态红线是旨在……”，所以用过去分词作后置定语。故填aimed。 2．考查冠词。句意：该计划于2011年首次提出，将该国大部分地区列为开发禁区。根据前文 “First proposed in 2011”可知，这里再次提到这个倡议，是特指，所以用定冠词“the”。故填the。 3．考查形容词。句意：一位政府官员周四表示：“希望这将在一定程度上阻止快速城市化和工业增长带来的损害。”此处应用形容词修饰名词“growth”，“industry”的形容词形式是 “industrial”，意为“工业的”，“industrial growth”意为“工业增长”。故填industrial。 4．考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：自2011年首次提出红线规划以来，中国已经建立了许多国家级自然保护区。根据“Since the redline plan was first proposed in 2011”可知，“since + 过去的时间点” 作时间状语时，句子时态用现在完成时，其结构为“have/has + 过去分词”，主语“China”是单数，所以用“has established”。故填has established。 5．考查动词不定式。句意：目标是打击环境保护部在2015年提到的侵占森林和湿地的“非理性开发”。此处用动词不定式作表语，说明主语“The goal”（目标）的内容，表示“将要做某事；旨在做某事”。故填to fight。 6．考查动名词。句意：这些保护区旨在保护大熊猫、雪豹和金丝猴等濒危物种。“at”是介词，介词后接动词时要用动名词形式，所以“protect”要变为“protecting”，“be targeted at doing sth.”意为“旨在做某事”。故填protecting。 7．考查副词。句意：这些线路现在已经完全确定，大约覆盖了300万平方公里的土地——约占中国总面积的30%——以及15万平方公里的土地。由副词修饰动词可知，此处应用副词修饰现在分词“covering”，“rough”的副词形式是“roughly”，意为“大致地；粗略地”。故填roughly。 8．考查名词固定短语。句意：“所有的保护区都在政府监管之下，”生态环境部自然保护办公室主任王志斌在北京的新闻发布会上说。“news conference”是固定短语，名词作宾语，意为“新闻发布会”。故填conference。 9．考查定语从句。句意：他补充说：“监控网络利用了30颗中外卫星，可以在人类入侵发生时发现。”分析句子结构，设空处引导限制性定语从句，先行词是“30 Chinese and foreign satellites”（30 颗中外卫星），指物，在定语从句中作主语，所以用关系代词“that”或“which”引导。故填that/which。 10．考查介词固定短语。句意：王说，中国将加大生态保护力度。“put effort into...”是固定短语，意为“在……方面付出努力”。故填into。 重难语篇拔高练 （2025·内蒙古阿拉善盟·一模）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 It is predicted that in 2026, more than half of all new cars purchased in China will be an all-electric vehicle or a plug-in hybrid. By some estimates, more than 300 Chinese companies are making E.V.s, 1 (range) from discount offerings below $5,000 to high-end models that rival American and German automakers. There are 2 (rough) five million charging units in the country, with more coming. While other E. V. markets are still heavily dependent 3 subsidies (补助) and financial incentives, China has entered a new phase: Consumers are weighing the features and prices of electric vehicles against gas-powered cars without much 4 (consider) of state support. It took China more than a decade of subsidies, long-term investments and infrastructure spending 5 (lay) the foundation for its electric vehicle market to start standing on its own. Of the world’s top-10 best-selling E.V. brands, half are Chinese. And it’s not just the car sales 6 are thriving in China. The Chinese battery manufacturers are the biggest players in the industry. Mr Li, 7 27-year-old employee at a construction firm who recently decided to trade in his gas-powered sedan for an E.V., 8 (say) financial incentives did not weigh on his decision to go electric. In Chengdu, the megacity in southwestern China where Mr Li lives and works, traditional cars 9 (restrict) from being on the road on certain days of the week to help reduce congestion and pollution. Electric vehicles, however, are free to come and go. For electric cars, parking is free for the 10 (one) two hours at public parking lots. 【答案】 1．ranging 2．roughly 3．on/upon 4．consideration 5．to lay 6．that 7．a 8．said 9．are restricted 10．first 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国电动汽车市场的蓬勃发展。 1．考查现在分词。句意：据估计，有300多家中国公司在生产电动汽车，从低于5000美元的折扣产品到与美国和德国汽车制造商竞争的高端车型，不一而足。 本句已有谓语动词“are making”，此处应用非谓语动词。“more than 300 Chinese companies”与“range 之间是主动关系，用现在分词作后置定语，故填ranging。 2．考查副词。句意：全国大约有500万个充电装置，未来还会有更多。空处修饰谓语动词，应用副词roughly“粗略地，大约”作状语，故填roughly。 3．考查固定短语。句意：当其他电动汽车市场仍然严重依赖补贴和财政激励时，中国已经进入了一个新阶段：消费者在没有太多考虑国家支持的情况下，正在权衡电动汽车与燃油汽车的功能和价格。be dependent on/upon是固定短语，意为“依赖，依靠”，故填on/upon。 4．考查名词。句意：同上。介词without后需要名词作宾语，“consider”的名词形式是“consideration”，意为“考虑”，故填consideration。 5．考查不定式。句意：中国花了十多年的时间，通过补贴、长期投资和基础设施支出，为其电动汽车市场开始自立奠定了基础。It takes sb. some time to do sth. 是固定句型，意为“花费某人多长时间做某事”，所以此处用动词不定式作主语。故填to lay。 6．考查强调句。句意：在中国，蓬勃发展的不仅仅是汽车销售。“It’s not just the car sales...are thriving in China.”是强调句，强调句型为“It is/was + 被强调部分 + that/who + 其他部分”此处被强调部分是“the car sales”，指物，所以用 that。故填that。 7．考查冠词。句意：27岁的李先生是一家建筑公司的员工，他最近决定把自己的汽油动力轿车换成电动汽车。他说，经济激励因素并没有影响他选择电动汽车的决定。“27-year-old employee”是可数名词单数，这里表示“一名27岁的员工”，“27-year-old”发音以辅音音素开头，故用不定冠词a，故填a。 8．考查时态。句意：同上。设空处为谓语，根据后面的“did not weigh”可知，句子时态为一般过去时，故填said。 9．考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：在李先生生活和工作的中国西南部大城市成都，传统汽车在一周中的某些日子被限制上路，以帮助减少拥堵和污染。设空处为谓语，句子主语“traditional cars”与“restrict”之间是被动关系，且根据语境可知，描述的是现在的情况，所以用一般现在时的被动语态，其结构为“am/is/are + 过去分词”，主语“traditional cars” 是复数，be 动词用are，故填are restricted。 10．考查序数词。句意：对于电动汽车来说，在公共停车场停车前两个小时是免费的。此处表示“前两个小时”，应用序数词，“one”的序数词是“first”，故填first。 （2025·山西·一模）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Every year, the world needs more energy. As countries develop and populations grow, energy demand rises. Historically, coal, oil and gas have been primary sources, but their use causes 1 (pollute) and climate change. Luckily, many countries are switching from dirty fossil fuels to clean, green and renewable energy sources. Fossil fuels like coal and oil release harmful gases, like carbon dioxide, which add 2 global warming. Plus, these fuels will run out eventually. Once 3 source has been used up, another must 4 (find), and finding new sources becomes more difficult and expensive over time. With no emissions or waste, renewable energy sources cause 5 (limit) damage to the environment. They are renewable because they can be 6 (natural) replaced and can therefore be consumed without the risk of 7 (use) them up. Can renewables really be the future of energy? Our modern world has been built on fossil fuels, so it is tough 8 (change) quickly. But China and others use more renewables. Given the problems of climate change, there is little doubt 9 they will continue to grow. New battery technology, for example, solves the problem of bringing electricity from 10 (distance) sources to cities. Along with our being more aware of our energy consumption and waste, a clean and green energy future is possible and necessary. 【答案】 1．pollution 2．to 3．a/one 4．be found 5．limited 6．naturally 7．using 8．to change 9．that 10．distant 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了传统化石燃料带来污染和气候变化等问题，而可再生能源环保且可再生，虽转变不易，但未来发展前景好。 1．考查名词。句意：从历史上看，煤炭、石油和天然气一直是主要能源，但它们的使用会造成污染和气候变化。揭示词作宾语，用名词pollution，意为“污染”，不可数名词。故填pollution。 2．考查介词。句意：像煤炭和石油这样的化石燃料会释放有害气体，如二氧化碳，这会加剧全球变暖。add to是固定短语，意为“增加，加剧”。故填to。 3．考查冠词和数词。句意：一旦一种能源被用完，就必须找到另一种，而且随着时间的推移，寻找新的能源会变得更加困难和昂贵。可数名词source在句中表示“一种能源”，泛指，可用数词one修饰；也用冠词修饰，因source是发音以元音音素开头的单词，应用不定冠词a修饰。故填a/one。 4．考查被动语态。句意：一旦一种能源被用完，就必须找到另一种，而且随着时间的推移，寻找新的能源会变得更加困难和昂贵。find(找到，发现)是主句谓语动词，与主语another(指代另一种能源)之间是被动关系，且must是情态动词，后接动词原形，所以用be found。故填be found。 5．考查形容词。句意：由于没有排放物或废弃物，可再生能源对环境造成的破坏有限。提示词修饰名词damage，用形容词limited作定语，意为“有限的”。故填limited。 6．考查副词。句意：它们是可再生的，因为它们可以自然地得到补充，因此可以被消耗而不用担心用完。提示词修饰动词replaced，用副词naturally作状语，意为“自然地”。故填naturally。 7．考查动名词。句意：它们是可再生的，因为它们可以自然地得到补充，因此可以被消耗而不用担心用完。提示词作介词of后的宾语，用动名词形式using。故填using。 8．考查非谓语动词。句意：我们现代世界是建立在化石燃料基础上的，所以要快速改变很困难。“It is + 形容词 + to do sth.”是固定句型，其中it是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的不定式短语，所以用to change作主语。故填to change。 9．考查同位语从句。句意：考虑到气候变化的问题，毫无疑问它们将继续发展。“there is little doubt that...”是固定句型，that引导同位语从句，解释说明doubt的具体内容。故填that。 10．考查形容词。句意：例如，新的电池技术解决了将电力从遥远的能源输送到城市的问题。提示词修饰名词sources，应用形容词distant作定语，意为“遥远的”。故填distant。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 热点话题12 环境保护 基础语篇巩固练 （2025·青海西宁·二模）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The headwater region of the Yangtze River, 1 (know) as Sanjiangyuan, is like a human brain, which can influence the situation as a whole. The ecological environment of the source area plays a crucial role in 2 (maintain) the stability of the climate system, water resources security, biodiversity and ecosystem security along the Yangtze River. In recent years, the ecological environment 3 (protect) of the Sanjiangyuan area has achieved remarkable results. Data from Qinghai’s ecology and environment department shows that the water quality of the Yangtze River’s mainstream in the province 4 (remain) in a Class-I or Class-II condition for many years. In 1976, China organized its first scientific expedition to the headwater region of the Yangtze River. After overcoming many hardships, the expedition team 5 (eventual)traced (追溯) the source of the Yangtze River to the foot of Mount Geladandong, 6 changed the length of the Yangtze River and confirmed it as the 7 (three) longest river in the world. 8 (gain) a deeper understanding of the changes in the ecological environment in the source area of the Yangtze River, scientists have carried out comprehensive scientific expeditions to the Sanjiangyuan area since 2012. At present, the expedition has established 9 field scientific research observation system, including over 20 river observation sections and points, extending from wetlands, glaciers and water ecology and water environment evolution, 10 river channel evolution, water and sand changes. （2025·河南·一模）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Even at 80, Mei Jingtian continues to patrol (巡逻) the Shixiaguan section of the Great Wall. Having been working for over four decades, he skillfully taps the ground with a wooden stick, driving wild animals away 1 (ensure) his safety. Mei lives in Shixia, a village near the Shixiaguan section. The villager has 2 deep affection for the Great Wall. As a child, Mei always 3 (play) hide-and-seek with his friends there. However, in 1979 4 he returned to his hometown after working outside for years, he was shocked by the damage to the Great Wall. To help protect the wonder, Mei volunteered 5 a guardian, patrolling 20 kilometers each day. In 1984, a protection campaign was launched. Realizing the 6 (significant) of heritage protection, the villagers returned the bricks they had taken and joined Mei on patrol. In 2006, Mei 7 (successful) set up a local volunteer protection association, and the villagers joined it. China has continued to step up 8 (effort) to protect the Great Wall. From 2015 to 2023, China approved 289 protection projects, and over 6,800 guardians nationwide were devoted to protection work. Today, more 9 (advance) technology has been adopted for protection. “It is my biggest wish to see heritage well-preserved and available to visit, 10 (encourage) more people to join us in protecting the Great Wall,” Mei says. （2025·辽宁·一模）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Chinese Forest Program launched in 1978 and set to conclude around 2050 is a national 1 (ecology) engineering project, which reflects the country’s continuous efforts to fight desertification. Extending 13 provinces, 2 its start, the program has already turned vast desert areas into green landscapes. On the whole, Inner Mongolia covers over 60% of the areas, 3 (mean) the region bears the lion’s share of the responsibilities of greening the areas, given the fact that desertification here is 4 (undoubted) one of the most under-reported environment crises. 5 (ensure) that all affected areas in Inner Mongol are included in the national plan, Inner Mongolia has completed 6 series of plans and sought national project funding support. The experts say up till now Inner Mongolia’ s control effectiveness has ranked first among the 13 places involved 7 that hopefully it will set an excellent example for others around the country to follow. It is the first time that the afforestation (造林) area in Inner Mongolia 8 (cover) 5.56million mu. To our delight, the area 9 sand and desert control measures were carried out has taken on an apparently new look and boosted the government’s confidence in promoting them in more areas. To achieve further goals, local authorities are stressing the need to establish and improve a stable investment system, which enables to have more businesses and 10 (individual) involved in sand and desert control work. （2025·山东济宁·一模）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The Taklimakan Desert, infamous as the “Sea of Death”, has now been fully encircled by the longest sand-blocking green ecological barrier, 1 length reaches an impressive 3, 046 kilometers, 2 (mark) the completion of over 40 years of efforts to contain the desert expansion within a safety zone. Covering 337, 600 square kilometers, the Taklimakan is China’s largest drifting desert, which poses an 3 (increasing) alarming threat to surrounding oases (绿洲) and serves as a significant source of dust storms and an upwind area for the country. In an effort to battle desertification and relieve the unfavorable effects of shifting sands and dust storms 4 nearby residents, the “Green Great Wall” has gradually emerged. So far, alongside the green belt, efforts 5 (make) to promote the development of sand-related industries, such as ceramics and pottery. The green belt not only acts as 6 ecological barrier but also stabilizes agriculture, boosts Xinjiang’s economic development, and highlights China’s technological and organizational strength in ecological governance. It is a shining example of 7 can be achieved through technological innovation and organizational capabilities. With a target 8 (restore) 2. 34 million hectares of degraded land by 2030, this ongoing initiative will safeguard the environment and promote 9 (region) sustainable development. With the successful completion of the green barrier, this region, once troubled by serious sandstorms, is set to see renewed 10 (vital) and dynamic ecosystems. （24-25高三下·山东·阶段练习）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式，并将答案填写在答题卡上。 China has added over 100,000 km² of wetlands since 2012. This is equal to adding an area the size of London every two years, with its total wetland area now 1 (amount) to more than 56 million hectares. This 2 (restore) is part of China’s broader efforts to recover its wetland ecosystems, 3 have experienced significant improvements in their ecological conditions — more than 2,200 wetland nature reserves have been established nationwide. Covering just 6 percent of the Earth’s land surface, wetlands are among the planet’s most 4 (influence) ecosystems. They provide critical services such as water purification, flood control, and carbon absorption 5 support 40 percent of all species, including countless plants, fish and migratory birds, according to Max Finlayson, a wetland ecologist. Mangroves (红树林) are a specific type of wetland found in tropical and subtropical coastal regions. China’s mangrove conservation and recovery efforts have been 6 (dramatic) successful, with over 8,800 hectares planted and 8,200 hectares restored in the past five years, resulting 7 a net increase in mangrove coverage. “Now, China’ s mangrove area exceeds 300 km², 8 nearly 40 percent rise since the early 2000s,” an official said at a meeting 9 (host) by the forestry and grassland administration. Last December, China 10 (further) its commitment by establishing the International Mangrove Center in Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, aiming to promote global cooperation in mangrove conservation. （2025·辽宁·模拟预测）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Air pollution is a major issue in Europe, with many cities and areas beyond the European Union’s air quality standards. The sources of air pollution in Europe are diverse, including transportation, industry, agriculture, and housing heating. Air pollution has significant health effects, including people’s having difficulty 1 (breathe) and heart diseases, and is estimated 2 (cause) hundreds of thousands of early deaths each year in Europe. To address this issue, the European Union has applied a range of measures to reduce air pollution levels, including guidelines on releases from vehicles and 3 (industry) sources, and support for renewable energy and energy 4 (efficient) . However, more needs to be done to ensure that air pollution levels are reduced 5 safe levels across Europe. Cars, trucks, and other vehicles produce pollutants such as nitrogen oxides (一氧化二氮) and carbon monoxide (一氧化碳), 6 can have serious health effects. In response, the European Union has made strict giving-out standards for vehicles. 7 , there is still a long way to go to achieve safe air quality levels in many cities. Factories give off pollutants with serious health effects. The European Union has applied 8 (rule) on productions, and has also supported the development of renewable energy sources such as wind and solar power. So far, these measures 9 (help) to reduce pollution levels, but more needs to be done to ensure that industry operates in an 10 (environmental) friendly manner. （2025·河南驻马店·模拟预测）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 July 31 1 (mark) World Ranger Day, and its theme this year is “30 by 30”, which is about ensuring that at least 30 percent of the planet is 2 (effect) conserved and managed by 2030, as outlined in the Global Biodiversity Framework agreed upon by world leaders and decision-makers at the 2022 United Nations Convention on Biological Diversity. Without rangers, many species would likely be extinct, and the ecosystems would be in a more degraded state. Rangers are, in many cases, putting their lives 3 risk, so that the people can enjoy fresh air, fresh water and a healthy planet. Globally, there are about 286,000 rangers according to the International Ranger Federation. Since the last World Ranger Day, at least 140 rangers 4 (lose)their lives in the line of duty, with 53 percent of these fatalities occurring in Asia and 30 percent in Africa. While this figure is slightly lower than the 148 ranger deaths reported in 2023, it remains high, 5 (bring) the total to 1,319 ranger deaths over the past decade. A troubling trend is that homicides account for the 6 (major) of these deaths (27 percent), 7 (follow) closely by animal encounters (26 percent). The federation highlights that the global number of rangers is significantly below 8 is needed. With  the Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework aiming 9 (ensure) that 30 percent of the planet is conserved by 2030, it points out that it is crucial to invest not only in our current rangers 10 also in the training of future rangers to achieve the goal. （2025·河北秦皇岛·一模）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 China has completed work on nationwide “ecological redlines” 1 (aim) at preserving its ecosystems. First proposed in 2011, 2 initiative puts large parts of the country off-limits to development. “It is hoped that it will stop some of the damage from rapid urbanisation and 3 (industry) growth,” a government official said on Thursday. Since the redline plan was first proposed in 2011, China 4 (establish) many national grade nature reserves. The goal is 5 (fight) against what the Ministry of Environmental Protection(MEP) mentioned in 2015 as “irrational development” that had encroached (侵占) upon forests and wetlands. The reserves are targeted at 6 (protect) endangered species such as the giant panda, snow leopard and golden monkey. The lines have now been fully decided, 7 (rough) covering an area of 3 million square kilometres of land——about 30 per cent of China’s total—as well as 150,000. sq km of sea areas. “All of the protected areas are under government supervision (监督) ,” Wang Zhibin, head of the nature protection office at the Ministry of Ecology and Environment(MEE),said at a news 8 (confer) in Beijing. “The supervision network makes use of 30 Chinese and foreign satellites 9 can spot human encroachment as it happens,” he added. Wang said that China will put more effort 10 ecological protection. “It is difficult to draw red lines, and it is even more difficult to strictly follow them,” he said. 重难语篇拔高练 （2025·内蒙古阿拉善盟·一模）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 It is predicted that in 2026, more than half of all new cars purchased in China will be an all-electric vehicle or a plug-in hybrid. By some estimates, more than 300 Chinese companies are making E.V.s, 1 (range) from discount offerings below $5,000 to high-end models that rival American and German automakers. There are 2 (rough) five million charging units in the country, with more coming. While other E. V. markets are still heavily dependent 3 subsidies (补助) and financial incentives, China has entered a new phase: Consumers are weighing the features and prices of electric vehicles against gas-powered cars without much 4 (consider) of state support. It took China more than a decade of subsidies, long-term investments and infrastructure spending 5 (lay) the foundation for its electric vehicle market to start standing on its own. Of the world’s top-10 best-selling E.V. brands, half are Chinese. And it’s not just the car sales 6 are thriving in China. The Chinese battery manufacturers are the biggest players in the industry. Mr Li, 7 27-year-old employee at a construction firm who recently decided to trade in his gas-powered sedan for an E.V., 8 (say) financial incentives did not weigh on his decision to go electric. In Chengdu, the megacity in southwestern China where Mr Li lives and works, traditional cars 9 (restrict) from being on the road on certain days of the week to help reduce congestion and pollution. Electric vehicles, however, are free to come and go. For electric cars, parking is free for the 10 (one) two hours at public parking lots. （2025·山西·一模）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Every year, the world needs more energy. As countries develop and populations grow, energy demand rises. Historically, coal, oil and gas have been primary sources, but their use causes 1 (pollute) and climate change. Luckily, many countries are switching from dirty fossil fuels to clean, green and renewable energy sources. Fossil fuels like coal and oil release harmful gases, like carbon dioxide, which add 2 global warming. Plus, these fuels will run out eventually. Once 3 source has been used up, another must 4 (find), and finding new sources becomes more difficult and expensive over time. With no emissions or waste, renewable energy sources cause 5 (limit) damage to the environment. They are renewable because they can be 6 (natural) replaced and can therefore be consumed without the risk of 7 (use) them up. Can renewables really be the future of energy? Our modern world has been built on fossil fuels, so it is tough 8 (change) quickly. But China and others use more renewables. Given the problems of climate change, there is little doubt 9 they will continue to grow. New battery technology, for example, solves the problem of bringing electricity from 10 (distance) sources to cities. Along with our being more aware of our energy consumption and waste, a clean and green energy future is possible and necessary. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$