Unit 2 Section Ⅲ Grammar and usage-（课件PPT+Word教案）【步步高】2024-2025学年高二英语选择性必修第三册教师用书（译林版2020）

Section Ⅲ Grammar and usage Out of this world Unit 2 认真阅读下列短文，找出含有主语从句的句子，并标出连接词 For thousands of years，people have looked to the starry sky and wondered what，or who，is out there.In the early 1600s，Galileo was the first to use his telescope to explore the sky and since then，telescopes have continually improved. 语境感悟 One major breakthrough came in 1990，when the Hubble Space Telescope was launched.That Hubble is based in space allows it to see further than ground-based telescopes，and it allows scientists to learn more about the universe.Hubble observations have played a crucial role in the discovery of the mysterious dark energy.Hubble was followed by the Kepler Space Telescope in 2009.Kepler’s scientific goal is to search for Earth-size planets orbiting other stars.Whether life on other planets does exist is yet to be proved，but the signs are promising: Kepler has detected many suitable planets that are almost the same size as the Earth. In recent years，China has developed advanced telescopes as well. One example is the innovative FAST，which is the largest single-dish radio telescope in the world.With a dish the size of 30 football fields，FAST is able to carry out observations with extraordinary sensitivity.One of its scientific goals is to detect communication signals between the stars in the universe. It is clear that telescopes are crucial tools for space exploration and that developing the required technology will help astronomers all over the world make exciting discoveries.How much we will learn from the telescopes is merely limited by our imagination. 答案　 1.That Hubble is based in space allows it to see further than ground-based telescopes... 2.Whether life on other planets does exist is yet to be proved... 3.It is clear that telescopes are crucial tools for space exploration and that developing the required technology will help astronomers all over the world make exciting discoveries. 4.How much we will learn from the telescopes is merely limited by our imagination. 语法总览 语法精讲 主语从句 一、定义 在主从复合句中充当主语的从句即为主语从句。 What made me embarrassed was that neither of them reacted to my question. 使我尴尬的是他们俩都没有对我的问题作出回应。 It worried the astronaut that her niece was always playing computer games.侄女经常玩电脑游戏，这让这名宇航员很担心。 二、基本用法 (一)主语从句的引导词 类别 例词 句法功能 从属连词 that，whether/if 在从句中不作成分，只起连接作用；that无实义，whether/if表示“是否”。 连接代词 who，what，which，whoever，whatever等 在从句中作主语、宾语、表语、定语等成分。 连接副词 when，why，where，how等 在从句中作时间、原因、地点、方式等状语成分。 1.从属连词that和whether/if (1)that在从句中不充当任何句子成分，本身无任何意义，只起连接作用，但不可省略。 That the astronomers survived the accident in the circumstances is a miracle.在这种情况下，天文学家们在事故中幸存下来简直是个奇迹。 (2)whether/if在从句中不充当任何句子成分，起连接作用，意为“是否”，不可省略。 Whether the radiation will be controlled is still unknown. ＝It is still unknown if/whether the radiation will be controlled. 辐射是否会得到控制还是未知的。 2.连接代词(who，whose，whom，what，which，whichever，whoever，whomever，whatever等) 连接代词引导主语从句，在从句中可以作主语、宾语、表语或定语。 Whoever (of you) comes first will be admitted by this agency. 无论(你们中的)谁获得第一名都将被这家机构录取。 Who will be in charge of the administration is plain to see. 谁将负责这个行政部门是显而易见的。 Whatever you do in your spare time should do no harm to others. 无论你在空闲时间做什么都不能伤害其他人。 3.连接副词(when，where，how，why等) 连接副词引导主语从句，在从句中作状语。 How this mission was accomplished is not clear to anyone. 这个任务是怎么完成的，谁也不清楚。 When we will have a meeting is an important question. 我们何时举行会议是个重要的问题。 Where the treasure was buried is still a puzzle. 财宝埋在哪里仍然是个谜。 [点津]　主语从句中引导词的选择技巧： (1)分析连接词在从句中所作的句子成分； (2)分析从句的意义。 (二)it作形式主语 为保持句子平衡，常把主语从句后置，而用形式主语it代替。it作形式主语时常用于以下句型： 句型 说明 It＋be动词＋形容词＋主语从句 常用于此句型的形容词有important，(un)likely，possible，necessary，natural，wrong等。 It＋be动词＋名词＋主语从句 常用于此句型的名词有fact，idea，honour，question，pity等。 句型 说明 It＋be动词＋过去分词＋主语从句 常用于此句型的过去分词有known，proved，said，decided，suggested，thought，believed等。 It＋不及物动词＋主语从句 常用于此句型的不及物动词有appear，happen，seem，occur，matter等。 It’s possible that he has passed the driving test. 他有可能通过了驾照考试。 It’s a pity that he didn’t catch the first bus. 他没赶上头班车，太可惜了。 It seems that it is going to rain. 看起来好像要下雨。 [点津]　(1)在“It＋be动词＋过去分词＋主语从句”结构中，过去分词若为suggested/ordered/required/advised等，主语从句中的谓语用“(should) do”。 It is suggested that the meeting (should) be put off. 有人建议会议延期召开。 (2)在“It＋be动词＋形容词＋主语从句”结构中，若形容词为important/necessary/strange等，主语从句中的谓语用“(should) do”。 It is important that he (should) know about this. 重要的是他应该知道此事。 三、应注意的问题 (一)从句要用陈述语序 What we will do next should be decided. 应该决定我们下一步要做什么。 (二)主谓一致 1.从句作主语时，主句的谓语一般用单数形式。 Where he will get a job after graduation has bothered him much. 毕业后到哪儿找份工作使他很苦恼。 [点津]　what引导主语从句时，有时主句的谓语动词应与主句中作表语的名词保持一致。 What the school needs most are books. 这所学校最需要的是书。 2.如果由and连接两个或两个以上的主语从句作主语时，谓语动词用复数；由两个或多个连接词引导一个主语从句时，谓语动词用单数。 When they will start and where they will go have not been decided yet. 他们将在什么时候动身以及要去哪里还没定下来。 When and where the movie will be shown is not clear. 这部影片何时何地上映还不清楚。 3.从句的时态一般要取决于主句。 What made people excited was that the solar ship had completed around-the-world trip. 让人们激动的是太阳能船已完成了环游世界的旅行。 Ⅰ.把下列各题中的两个简单句合并为一个含有名词性从句的复合句 1.Why did they suddenly disappear？It still remains a mystery. →____________________________________________________________ 2.He said a lot at the meeting.His words were very attractive. →____________________________________________________________ 3.It was a pity.You missed such a good lecture. →____________________________________________________________ 4.We should practise oral English for an hour every day.It is our rule. →____________________________________________________________ 达标检测 Why they suddenly disappeared still remains a mystery. What he said at the meeting was very attractive. It was a pity that you missed such a good lecture. It is our rule that we should practise oral English for an hour every day. 5.Shall we go for a picnic tomorrow？It depends on the weather. →____________________________________________________________ Whether we will go for a picnic tomorrow depends on the weather. Ⅱ.完成下列语段，尽可能多地使用主语从句 Since he graduated from college，he had been in low spirits.1._______ (使他沮丧的是) that his mother was always complaining about something.His father had been out of work for a long time.It worried him 2. (他们家将会负债) if he couldn’t find a suitable job.However，his parents didn’t understand 3.___________ (他正在考虑什么).They often urged him to look for a job as soon as possible.It was really a problem for him 4.___________________ (他不知道如何和他父母交流). What made him upset was that their family would get into debt what he was thinking about that he didn’t know how to communicate with his parents 5. (他是否将在当地的工厂找工作) was bothering him，for he planned to go to a bigger city. Whether he would find a job in the local factory 本课结束 $$ Section Ⅲ　Grammar and usage 认真阅读下列短文，找出含有主语从句的句子，并标出连接词 For thousands of years，people have looked to the starry sky and wondered what，or who，is out there.In the early 1600s，Galileo was the first to use his telescope to explore the sky and since then，telescopes have continually improved. One major breakthrough came in 1990，when the Hubble Space Telescope was launched.That Hubble is based in space allows it to see further than ground-based telescopes，and it allows scientists to learn more about the universe.Hubble observations have played a crucial role in the discovery of the mysterious dark energy.Hubble was followed by the Kepler Space Telescope in 2009.Kepler’s scientific goal is to search for Earth-size planets orbiting other stars.Whether life on other planets does exist is yet to be proved，but the signs are promising: Kepler has detected many suitable planets that are almost the same size as the Earth. In recent years，China has developed advanced telescopes as well.One example is the innovative FAST，which is the largest single-dish radio telescope in the world.With a dish the size of 30 football fields，FAST is able to carry out observations with extraordinary sensitivity.One of its scientific goals is to detect communication signals between the stars in the universe. It is clear that telescopes are crucial tools for space exploration and that developing the required technology will help astronomers all over the world make exciting discoveries.How much we will learn from the telescopes is merely limited by our imagination. 答案　 1．That Hubble is based in space allows it to see further than ground-based telescopes... 2．Whether life on other planets does exist is yet to be proved... 3．It is clear that telescopes are crucial tools for space exploration and that developing the required technology will help astronomers all over the world make exciting discoveries. 4．How much we will learn from the telescopes is merely limited by our imagination. 主语从句 一、定义 在主从复合句中充当主语的从句即为主语从句。 What made me embarrassed was that neither of them reacted to my question. 使我尴尬的是他们俩都没有对我的问题作出回应。 It worried the astronaut that her niece was always playing computer games. 侄女经常玩电脑游戏，这让这名宇航员很担心。 二、基本用法 (一)主语从句的引导词 类别 例词 句法功能 从属连词 that，whether/if 在从句中不作成分，只起连接作用；that无实义，whether/if表示“是否”。 连接代词 who，what，which，whoever，whatever等 在从句中作主语、宾语、表语、定语等成分。 连接副词 when，why，where，how等 在从句中作时间、原因、地点、方式等状语成分。 1.从属连词that和whether/if (1)that在从句中不充当任何句子成分，本身无任何意义，只起连接作用，但不可省略。 That the astronomers survived the accident in the circumstances is a miracle. 在这种情况下，天文学家们在事故中幸存下来简直是个奇迹。 (2)whether/if在从句中不充当任何句子成分，起连接作用，意为“是否”，不可省略。 Whether the radiation will be controlled is still unknown. ＝It is still unknown if/whether the radiation will be controlled. 辐射是否会得到控制还是未知的。 2．连接代词(who，whose，whom，what，which，whichever，whoever，whomever，whatever等) 连接代词引导主语从句，在从句中可以作主语、宾语、表语或定语。 Whoever (of you) comes first will be admitted by this agency. 无论(你们中的)谁获得第一名都将被这家机构录取。 Who will be in charge of the administration is plain to see. 谁将负责这个行政部门是显而易见的。 Whatever you do in your spare time should do no harm to others. 无论你在空闲时间做什么都不能伤害其他人。 3．连接副词(when，where，how，why等) 连接副词引导主语从句，在从句中作状语。 How this mission was accomplished is not clear to anyone. 这个任务是怎么完成的，谁也不清楚。 When we will have a meeting is an important question. 我们何时举行会议是个重要的问题。 Where the treasure was buried is still a puzzle. 财宝埋在哪里仍然是个谜。 [点津]　主语从句中引导词的选择技巧： (1)分析连接词在从句中所作的句子成分； (2)分析从句的意义。 (二)it作形式主语 为保持句子平衡，常把主语从句后置，而用形式主语it代替。it作形式主语时常用于以下句型： 句型 说明 It＋be动词＋形容词＋主语从句 常用于此句型的形容词有important，(un)likely，possible，necessary，natural，wrong等。 It＋be动词＋名词＋主语从句 常用于此句型的名词有fact，idea，honour，question，pity等。 It＋be动词＋过去分词＋主语从句 常用于此句型的过去分词有known，proved，said，decided，suggested，thought，believed等。 It＋不及物动词＋主语从句 常用于此句型的不及物动词有appear，happen，seem，occur，matter等。 It’s possible that he has passed the driving test. 他有可能通过了驾照考试。 It’s a pity that he didn’t catch the first bus. 他没赶上头班车，太可惜了。 It seems that it is going to rain. 看起来好像要下雨。 [点津]　(1)在“It＋be动词＋过去分词＋主语从句”结构中，过去分词若为suggested/ordered/ required/advised等，主语从句中的谓语用“(should) do”。 It is suggested that the meeting (should) be put off. 有人建议会议延期召开。 (2)在“It＋be动词＋形容词＋主语从句”结构中，若形容词为important/necessary/strange等，主语从句中的谓语用“(should) do”。 It is important that he (should) know about this. 重要的是他应该知道此事。 三、应注意的问题 (一)从句要用陈述语序 What we will do next should be decided. 应该决定我们下一步要做什么。 (二)主谓一致 1．从句作主语时，主句的谓语一般用单数形式。 Where he will get a job after graduation has bothered him much. 毕业后到哪儿找份工作使他很苦恼。 [点津]　what引导主语从句时，有时主句的谓语动词应与主句中作表语的名词保持一致。 What the school needs most are books. 这所学校最需要的是书。 2．如果由and连接两个或两个以上的主语从句作主语时，谓语动词用复数；由两个或多个连接词引导一个主语从句时，谓语动词用单数。 When they will start and where they will go have not been decided yet. 他们将在什么时候动身以及要去哪里还没定下来。 When and where the movie will be shown is not clear. 这部影片何时何地上映还不清楚。 3．从句的时态一般要取决于主句。 What made people excited was that the solar ship had completed around-the-world trip. 让人们激动的是太阳能船已完成了环游世界的旅行。 Ⅰ.把下列各题中的两个简单句合并为一个含有名词性从句的复合句 1．Why did they suddenly disappear？It still remains a mystery. →Why they suddenly disappeared still remains a mystery. 2．He said a lot at the meeting.His words were very attractive. →What he said at the meeting was very attractive. 3．It was a pity.You missed such a good lecture. →It was a pity that you missed such a good lecture. 4．We should practise oral English for an hour every day.It is our rule. →It is our rule that we should practise oral English for an hour every day. 5．Shall we go for a picnic tomorrow？It depends on the weather. →Whether we will go for a picnic tomorrow depends on the weather. Ⅱ.完成下列语段，尽可能多地使用主语从句 Since he graduated from college，he had been in low spirits.1.What made him upset was(使他沮丧的是) that his mother was always complaining about something.His father had been out of work for a long time.It worried him 2.that their family would get into debt(他们家将会负债) if he couldn’t find a suitable job.However，his parents didn’t understand 3.what he was thinking about(他正在考虑什么)．They often urged him to look for a job as soon as possible.It was really a problem for him 4.that he didn’t know how to communicate with his parents(他不知道如何和他父母交流).5.Whether he would find a job in the local factory(他是否将在当地的工厂找工作) was bothering him，for he planned to go to a bigger city. 训练3　Grammar and usage　[分值：77.5分] Ⅰ.用适当的连接词填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分) 1．How the mission was done in such a short time was a permanent mystery. 2．Why John was late for the class is plain to see. 3．Which part of the territory he will make his way to needs discussing. 4．Where/When the English Evening will be held has not yet been decided. 5．What bothers me most is that he is too proud to take part in it. 6．Whoever is interested in the activity can sign his or her name. 7．Who will be in charge of the company is being discussed. 8．Whether the astronomers will hold a party tomorrow depends on the weather. 9．It is ordered that the construction of the sports ground should be completed next week. 10．That she became an artist may have been due to her father’s influence. Ⅱ.用主语从句完成下列句子(共5小题；每小题3分，共15分) 1．这是怎样发生的，谁也不清楚。 How this happened is not clear to anyone. 2．令我们印象最深的是你那展现了杰出天赋的艺术技巧。 What impressed us most was your artistic skills，in which you showed outstanding talent. 3．这个电影明星将来我们市，这使我们每个人感到兴奋。 That the film star will come to our city has excited every one of us. 4．她是否会来我都不太在意。 Whether she is coming or not doesn’t bother me too much. 5．他们什么时候开始不关你的事。 When they will start is none of your business. Ⅲ.阅读理解(共8小题；每小题2.5分，共20分) A Humans have long been trying to make sense of our place in the universe.NASA’s James Webb Space Telescope is the latest step forward in that ancient quest(探索)． Using telescopes，astronomers have seen many galaxies(星系) such as the Andromeda Galaxy and the NGC 3227 Galaxy.So far，the most distant galaxy ever discovered，GN-z11，was spotted by the Hubble Space Telescope.To the untrained eye，it looks like a red blob(小点)，but it’s basically like looking back in time about 13.4 billion years ago.That’s just about 0.4 billion years after the Big Bang. “Hubble is limited in how far back in time it can look，so finding this one was just a lucky break，” says Marusa Bradac，an astronomer at the University of California.“Astronomers only spotted it because decades of using Hubble have let them cover much of the sky，and this particular early galaxy is surprisingly bright although it is 25 times smaller than the Milky Way Galaxy and has just one percent of its mass.” Already，with that one galaxy，we’ve started to question some of our assumptions about how galaxies grow.The powerful，$10 billion James Webb Space Telescope has technology that should let it see back to 0.1～0.2 billion years after the Big Bang，the period when the very first galaxies possibly formed. “If all go well，the James Webb Space Telescope will help us to build up the story of how the first galaxies ever formed and how they grew into galaxies we see today and we live in today，” says Bradac.“But the chances of seeing those first born stars with the new telescope are small.There’s maybe even more of a chance that we might see some of those stars explode.Such information can help us understand how galaxies formed and changed into the familiar shapes and structures seen today.That’s what’s amazing about the new telescope.” 1．When did the Big Bang take place? A．Around 13.0 billion years ago. B．Around 13.4 billion years ago. C．Around 13.6 billion years ago. D．Around 13.8 billion years ago. 答案　D 解析　细节理解题。根据第二段中“it’s basically like looking back in time about 13.4 billion years ago.That’s just about 0.4 billion years after the Big Bang”可知，宇宙大爆炸发生的时间距现在大约4＋134＝138亿年，即宇宙大爆炸发生在大约138亿年前。故选D项。 2．What do the underlined words “this one” in paragraph 3 refer to? A．The Milky Way Galaxy. B．The GN-z11 Galaxy. C．The Andromeda Galaxy. D．The NGC 3227 Galaxy. 答案　B 解析　代词指代题。根据第二段中“So far，the most distant galaxy ever discovered，GN-z11，was spotted by the Hubble Space Telescope.”以及画线词所在句可知，this one指代的是哈勃望远镜发现的GN-z11星系。故选B项。 3．What is the fourth paragraph mainly about? A．The great potential of the new telescope. B．The need for new scientific breakthroughs. C．The cost of the James Webb Space Telescope. D．The importance of the Hubble Space Telescope. 答案　A 解析　段落大意题。根据第四段中“The powerful，$10 billion James Webb Space Telescope has technology...the very first galaxies possibly formed.”可知，第四段主要介绍了韦伯望远镜的巨大潜力。故选A项。 4．What can the new telescope most likely help scientists do according to Bradac? A．Find the first born star in the universe. B．Witness the occurring of the Big Bang. C．See the explosion of some of the first born stars. D．Get a complete understanding of the universe. 答案　C 解析　细节理解题。根据最后一段中“But the chances of seeing those first born stars with the new telescope are small.There’s maybe even more of a chance that we might see some of those stars explode.”可知，Bradac认为韦伯天文望远镜很可能会帮助科学家观测到最早诞生的一批恒星中的一些爆炸的过程。故选C项。 B Mogao Grottoes is located at the western end of the Hexi Corridor along the ancient Silk Road in Dunhuang，China.Until now，most mural paintings at Mogao Grottoes have been dated by directly referring to the mural texts or historical documents.However，some are still left with the creation era(时代) uncertain due to the lack of reference materials or the disagreement of art experts. The drawing style of mural paintings was changing throughout history and can be learned and quantified through painting data.A new dating method has been developed by encoding(编码) the drawing styles using visual codes learned through deep learning.This new method successfully discovered the creation era of six mural paintings at Mogao Grottoes.This new research work is led by Qingquan Li from Shenzhen University. With the help of experts from Dunhuang Academy，seven mural paintings from two grottoes (No.205 and No.206) were chosen as subjects for this dating research. To reveal the creation era of these paintings，Qin Zou，a researcher from Wuhan University，collected 3,860 mural paintings from 194 different grottoes with confirmed creation-era labels.To find the visual codes that can identify the era in these paintings，the authors constructed a deep convolutional neural network(卷积神经网络) and classified(将……分类) these painting images into the right eras.Based on the classification model，a dating method was built and applied to date the seven paintings. Six of the new dating results were approved by experts from Dunhuang Academy.“These dating results are correct and the method is great，” said Mr Hui-Min Wang，a distinguished expert from the Archaeological Institute of Dunhuang Academy. “To the best of our knowledge，” wrote the researchers，“this work represents the first account of a scientific and quantitative manner to support the era prediction and reduce the uncertainties in dating ancient paintings by using deep learning.” 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了研究人员已经开发出一种新的断代方法来确定中国莫高窟壁画的创作时代。 5．In which way can most mural paintings be directly dated? A．By checking painting data. B．By identifying the drawing styles. C．By referring to reference materials. D．By adopting a convolutional neural network. 答案　C 解析　细节理解题。根据第一段中“Until now，most mural paintings at Mogao Grottoes have been dated by directly referring to the mural texts or historical documents.”可知，通过查阅参考材料，如壁画文字或历史文献，可以直接确定大部分壁画的时代。故选C项。 6．What can be learned about the new dating method? A．It requires a large number of visual codes. B．It dated the seven chosen mural paintings correctly. C．It was developed by experts in Dunhuang Academy. D．It involves collecting information from the mural texts. 答案　A 解析　细节理解题。根据第二段中“A new dating method has been developed by encoding(编码) the drawing styles using visual codes learned through deep learning.”并结合第四段首句可知，新的断代方法需要大量的视觉代码。故选A项。 7．What is paragraph 4 mainly about? A．The importance of creation-era labels. B．How the classification model was created. C．The influence of the new dating research. D．Why the researchers chose 3,860 mural paintings. 答案　B 解析　段落大意题。根据第四段“To reveal the creation era of these paintings...Based on the classification model，a dating method was built and applied to date the seven paintings.”可知，第四段主要介绍了新的断代模型是如何创建的。故选B项。 8．What was Mr Wang’s attitude toward this new method? A．Doubtful. B．Critical. C．Positive. D．Uninterested. 答案　C 解析　观点态度题。根据倒数第二段中王先生说的话“These dating results are correct and the method is great”可推知，他对这种新的断代方法持肯定态度。故选C项。 Ⅳ.七选五(共5小题；每小题2.5分，共12.5分) Drawing is a great way to express yourself and share your creativity with others. 1 That’s because you need only simple supplies.Check out these tips to make your drawing skills better. Gather supplies One of the best parts about drawing is that you can get started right away with paper and pencils you already have.Drawing in a sketchbook(素描册) is also a great idea. 2 You can also experiment with other drawing materials，like colored pencils or markers. Pick your subject When thinking about what to draw，choose something you feel excited about. 3 Items around your home，like a bowl of fruit or a favorite toy，can also be great subjects.If you can’t find exactly what you’re looking for，seek inspiration online and print out what you’d like to draw. Draw often 4 If something does attract you，try to work on it as often as you can.Put a small sketchbook in your backpack so you can draw when you have free time，like when you’re waiting for an activity to start.You could even give yourself mini challenges.For example，you can draw the same object for a week and see how much you improve. Seek out more resources You can improve your drawing by practicing on your own，but you can also get better with help.Ask a librarian to help you search for step-by-step drawing books at your local or school library.Museums and art studios in your area may also offer drawing classes. 5 A．It is also an easy hobby to pursue. B．It takes practice to get really good at drawing. C．You won’t draw perfectly unless you’re patient enough. D．Ask an art teacher at school to point you in the right direction. E．It can help you easily look back at your work and see your progress. F．When you start drawing，think of your subject in terms of simple shapes. G．You could draw a beautiful tree or go to a local park and sketch the landscape. 1．答案　A 解析　上文说绘画是一种表达自我和与他人分享创意的好方式，结合下文“That’s because you need only simple supplies.”可知，本空要说跟“绘画简单”有关的话题，A选项承上启下，符合语境，选项中的It指上文的Drawing。故选A。 2．答案　E 解析　空前讲到除了用普通的纸和铅笔，在素描册上绘画也是个好主意，空后讲到你还可以尝试其他绘画材料，因此可判断空格处应与在素描册上绘画的好处有关，E选项指出这便于你随时拿出来回顾自己的作品，能承上启下，符合语境。故选E。 3．答案　G 解析　空前讲到选择让你感到兴奋的东西作为绘画主题，空后讲到家附近的物品，如一碗水果或一个最喜欢的玩具，也可以是很好的主题。因此可判断空格处应是另一个寻找主题的方法，G 选项提到外出画风景，符合语境。故选G。 4．答案　B 解析　本段标题“Draw often”讲到要经常绘画，本空位于段首，应承接小标题，B选项“多练习才能画得好”符合语境。故选B。 5．答案　D 解析　由本段标题“Seek out more resources”和空前几句可判断，空格处应与向他人寻求帮助有关，D选项建议向老师寻求指导，能承接上文，符合语境。故选D。 Ⅴ.语法填空 (共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分) Adversity can beat you down，but probably it also has the ability to make you stronger.The impact and ultimate result depend on 1. you do with the difficulties that come in your way. Beethoven composed one of his 2. (great) works after going deaf.Qu Yuan was exiled，and then he wrote Li Sao.Had Columbus turned back，no one could 3. (blame) him.Of course，no one would have remembered 4. ，either.Gou Jian beat Fu Chai after many years of imprisonment. And here is a more recent example.For sixteen years，Dr.Mary Groda-Lewis had a difficult time 5. (study) the written words on account of a learning disorder.She 6.__________(put) in prison on two different occasions and almost died of a stroke when bearing a child.She resolved 7. (go) to college，so she did a variety of odd jobs to save money.When graduating from high school at eighteen，she was considered as an outstanding student and finally entered college 8. (success)．Determined to become a doctor，she received many 9. (rejection) of the medical schools before Albany Medical College finally accepted her.In 1984，Dr.Mary Groda-Lewis,10. was thirty-five years old then，graduated with honors and realized her dream. 语篇解读　逆境可以打败你，也能使你更强大，最终的结果取决于你在面对困难时如何对待它。 1．答案　what 解析　考查宾语从句。do with“处理，应对”与what搭配构成“what...do with”结构，表示“如何应对/处理”。故填what。 2．答案　greatest 解析　考查形容词的最高级。“one of＋one’s＋形容词的最高级＋名词的复数形式”表示“最……之一”。故填greatest。 3．答案　have blamed 解析　考查虚拟语气。Had Columbus turned back是If Columbus had turned back的省略倒装结构，表示与过去事实相反的假设，其主句的谓语动词应用could/would have done。故填have blamed。 4．答案　him 解析　考查代词。此处指代前文的Columbus，在句中作宾语，故用宾格him。 5．答案　studying 解析　考查非谓语动词。have a difficult time doing sth表示“做某事有困难”。故填studying。 6．答案　was put 解析　考查时态、语态和主谓一致。该段介绍Dr.Mary Groda-Lewis过去的经历，故应用一般过去时；句子主语She与谓语动词put之间是动宾关系，故用被动语态；主语为第三人称单数，所以空格处填was put。 7．答案　to go 解析　考查非谓语动词。resolve to do sth“下决心做某事”。故填to go。 8．答案　successfully 解析　考查词性转换。修饰动词entered应用副词形式。故填successfully。 9．答案　rejections 解析　考查名词复数。rejection是可数名词，空格前有many修饰，应用复数形式。故填rejections。 10．答案　who 解析　考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，该句为非限制性定语从句，空处修饰先行词Dr.Mary Groda-Lewis，关系词在从句中作主语，故用who引导。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$