Unit2 Section Ⅱ Welcome to the unit & Reading-（课件PPT+Word教案）【步步高】2024-2025学年高二英语选修第三册教师用书（译林版2020）

Section Ⅱ Welcome to the unit & Reading Thinking out of the box Unit 2 Part 1　课文整体理解 Part 2　长句难句分析 Part 3　基础知识达标 整体理解 课文 3 Step 1　速读——整体理解文意 Ⅰ.明文章大意 What’s the main idea of the text? A.A type of laboratory. B.An introduction to philosopher. C.A way to make abstract，complex ideas. D.A kind of experiment known as thought experiments. √ Ⅱ.悉篇章结构 Introduction Para. l: Einstein’s thought experiment played an important role in the 1._______________ of his special theory of relativity. development Para. 2: Thought experiments are defined as 2.____________ carried out in the imagination. experiments Main Body Para. 3: Thought experiments have a long 3.________ and are used in many areas. history Para. 4: Thought experiments have contributed to the development of 4.___________ theories. scientific Main Body Para. 5: Thought experiments can stimulate debate and lead to a more 5.__________ understanding of the topic in question. thorough Conclusion Para. 6: Participating in thought experiments can help us 6._________ our minds. stretch Step 2　细读——深度获取细节 1.What’s the function of the first sentence in the first paragraph? A.To puzzle the readers. B.To introduce the topic. C.To show the writer’s wisdom. D.To prove Albert Einstein’s ridiculousness. √ 2.What’s the meaning of the word “Put” in the second paragraph? A.Say. B.Lay. C.Translate. D.Organize. √ 3.What can we conclude from the first two paragraphs? A.Albert Einstein asked himself the question in his twenties. B.Thought experiments refer to the real experiments in the lab. C.Some factors limit an experimental scenario in the real world. D.Thought experiments are valueless. √ 4.What’s the writer’s attitude to Galileo Galilei? A.Negative. B.Subjective. C.Indifferent. D.Positive. √ Step 3　读后——课文语法填空 Thought experiments are experiments 1. (carry) out in the laboratory of the mind,2. means they take place in the imagination. While the term “thought experiment” 3. (originate) in the 19th century，the use of thought experiments can be traced much 4.__________(far) back，when ancient philosophers used 5. (they) to explore difficult questions.Thought experiments 6. (make) a great difference to the development of scientific theories.With logical reasoning， carried which originated further them have made they are capable 7. putting forward a new theory and supporting or disproving an 8. (exist) theory.By making abstract，complex ideas more concrete and 9. (access)，thought experiments can stimulate debate and lead to a more thorough understanding of the topic 10.____ question.So let’s create our own thought experiments. of existing accessible 返 回 in 难句分析 长句 13 1.This intuitive thinking later played important role in the development of his special theory of relativity，as Einstein acknowledged in his 1949 Autobiographical Notes.(P16；Para.1) 结构分析：此句是 句。as引导 从句，as在从句中作 。 汉语翻译：_____________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ Ⅰ.补句子　析结构 an 复合 非限制性定语 正如爱因斯坦在他1949年的《自述》中所承认的那样，这个直觉性的想法之后在他的狭义相对论的发展中发挥了重要作用。 宾语 2.We set up some hypothetical situation，carry out an operation，see what happens，and draw a (conclude) from our analysis.(P16；Para.2) 结构分析：此句是 句。主句谓语动词为________________________ _______；what引导 从句，并在从句中作 。 汉语翻译：_____________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ conclusion 复合 set up，carry out，see， draw 我们提出某种假设情况，进行一场实验，看看会发生什么，然后从我们的分析中得出结论。 宾语 主语 3.In such circumstances，we move into the area of thought experiments，which function as a valuable means (test) the limits of our knowledge and advance our understanding of the world.(P16；Para.2) 结构分析：此句是 句。主句为“____________________________ _____________”；which引导 从句，修饰___________ ____________________。 汉语翻译：____________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ to test 复合 we move into the area of thought 在这种情况下，我们就进入思想实验的领域。作为一种有价值的手段，思想实验可以检验我们知识的极限，增进我们对世界的理解。 experiments 非限制性定语 the area of thought experiments 4.While the term “thought experiment” originated in the 19th century，the use of thought experiments can (trace) much further back，when ancient philosophers used them (explore) difficult questions.(P16；Para.3) 结构分析：此句是 句。While引导 从句，while在此意为“ ”；when引导 从句。 汉语翻译：_____________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ be traced to explore 复合 让步状语 尽管 虽然“思想实验”一词起源于19世纪，但其应用可以追溯到更早的时候，那时的古代哲学家们用思想实验来探索难题。 非限制性定语 5.In Galileo’s day，Aristotle’s belief that a heavier ball should fall ______(fast) than a lighter one was well accepted.(P17；Para.4) 结构分析：此句是 句。that引导 从句，是名词belief的 。 汉语翻译：_____________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ faster 复合 同位语 在伽利略的时代，人们普遍接受亚里士多德的观点，即一个较重的球应该比一个较轻的球下落得更快。 同位语 6.Doubtful，Galileo asked what would happen if the two balls ___________(tie) together.(P17；Para.4) 结构分析：此句是 。Doubtful在句中为形容词作 ；what引导 从句，在此从句中，if引导 从句。 汉语翻译：_____________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ were tied 主从复合句 状语 条件状语 宾语 伽利略对此持怀疑态度，他问道，如果把两个球绑在一起，会发生什么？ Ⅱ.研典句　学用法 As we explore the world in greater depth，we may reach a point where it is impossible to run an experimental scenario in the real world due to physical，ethical or financial limitations.(P16；Para.2) 当我们更深入地探索世界时，可能会遇到这样一种情况，即由于物理、伦理或财务上的限制而无法在现实世界中运行一个实验场景。 结构分析：此句是复合句。主句为we may reach a point；As引导时间状语从句，as在此意为“当……时候”；where 引导定语从句，先行词为point，在此从句中，it作形式主语，真正的主语是to run an experimental ...financial limitations。 as 引导的状语从句 as引导的状语从句如下： • as引导时间状语从句，意为“当……时候；随着……” • as引导让步状语从句，从句必须用倒装语序，即“表语/状语/动词原形＋as/though＋主语＋其他”，若表语是可数名词单数，前置时要省略冠词 • as引导方式状语从句，意为“按照” • as引导原因状语从句，意为“因为” • as引导比较状语从句，意为“和……一样” (1)(活动介绍)我对教给他人如何制作中国传统手工艺品尤其感兴趣，因为这是一个分享我们的文化，从别人身上学习的好机会。 I am particularly interested in teaching others how to make Chinese traditional crafts，_______________________________________________ __________________. (2)尽管我们很害羞，很胆小(timid)，我们年轻人总是渴望证明自己，渴望乐趣和兴奋。 ，we youngsters are always eager to prove ourselves and long for fun and excitement. as it is a great opportunity to share our culture and learn from others Shy and timid as we are (3)(读后续写之恐惧表达)当我站在舞台上的时候，我紧张极了。 ，nervousness/tension came flooding over me. (4)我希望这个项链同你借给我的一样好。 _______________________________________________ (5)你应该按照老师告诉你的那样做。 ___________________________________ As I was standing on the stage I hope the necklace is as good as the one you lent me. You should do as the teacher told you. 课文重点词块默写 1.以……的速度 ______________ 2.在……岁时 ______________ 3.在……中发挥作用 _____________ 4.简单来说 ___________ 5.执行；实施 __________ 6.换句话说 _______________ 7.发生 ___________ 8.提出；设置 _______ at the speed of at the age of... play a role in put simply carry out in other words take place set up 9.得出结论 _________________ 10.深入地；彻底地；全面地 _________ 11.因为，由于 _______ 12.在这种情况下 ____________________ 13.起……的作用 ___________ 14.检验我们知识的极限 _____________________________ 15.增进我们对世界的理解 ____________________________________ 16.探索难题 ________________________ draw a conclusion in depth due to in such circumstances function as test the limits of our knowledge advance our understanding of the world explore difficult questions 17.随着……的诞生 _______________ 18.变成一项……的重要工具 __________________________ 19.导致；有助于 ____________ 20.有能力做 __________________ 21.提出 ____________ 22.弄清楚；理解 __________ 23.以不同的速度 _________________ 24.减速 ___________ with the birth of become an important tool for contribute to be capable of doing put forward figure out at different speeds slow down 25.作为一个整体 __________ 26.证明……是正确/错误的 __________________ 27.用一个明确的答案 ____________________ 28.更透彻地理解…… ______________________________ 29.提出很多问题 ___________________ 30.一个给定的假设 _________________ 返 回 as a whole prove...right/wrong with a definite answer a more thorough understanding of raise many questions a given hypothesis 知识达标 基础 28 1.为了提高学生的读写能力，帮助他们及时解决问题，我设计了一个智能机器人来帮助学生学习英语。(literacy，to do作目的状语) ，I designed an intelligent robot to assist students in learning English. 单句写作(课文佳句仿写) To improve students’ literacy and help them tackle their problems timely 2.有了这个英语学习助手，即使是从头开始学习英语的学生也可以用英语进行对话，这样能帮助他们练习英语口语。(from scratch，which引导非限制性定语从句) With this English learning assistant，______________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________. even students who learn English from scratch can make a conversation in English，which can help them practice oral English 3.当这个智能机器人帮助学生检查他们的作文时，它能发现一些语法错误和拼写错误。(as引导的状语从句) ，it can find some grammar mistakes and spelling mistakes. 4.其实，最令人印象深刻的是，它能够根据他们以前的练习中收集到的错误提供一些练习。(what引导主语从句，capable) In fact，_______________________________________________________ ___________ according to the mistakes collected in their former exercises. As this intelligent robot helps students check their compositions what’s most impressive is that it is capable of providing some exercises 5.我坚信我的发明能对学生们有很大的好处，有一天它会流行起来。(catch on，that引导同位语从句，be＋of＋抽象名词) I hold a firm belief ______________________________________________ __________________________. that my invention can be of great benefit to students and it will catch on one day 组句成篇　以上句子可以加上过渡词语和其他联想内容组成一篇小短文。 __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ My Intelligent Robot for Learning English To improve students’ literacy and help them tackle their problems timely，I designed an intelligent robot to assist students in learning English. With this English learning assistant，even students who learn English from scratch can make a conversation in English，which can help them practice oral English.Additionally，as this intelligent robot helps students check their compositions，it can find some grammar mistakes and spelling mistakes.What’s more，it can also spark students _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ to have new ideas for their writing assignments.In fact，what’s most impressive is that it is capable of providing some exercises according to the mistakes collected in their former exercises. I hold a firm belief that my invention can be of great benefit to students and it will catch on one day. 返 回 本课结束 $$ Section Ⅱ　Welcome to the unit & Reading Step 1　速读——整体理解文意 Ⅰ.明文章大意 What’s the main idea of the text? A．A type of laboratory. B．An introduction to philosopher. C．A way to make abstract，complex ideas. D．A kind of experiment known as thought experiments. 答案　D Ⅱ.悉篇章结构 Step 2　细读——深度获取细节 1．What’s the function of the first sentence in the first paragraph? A．To puzzle the readers. B．To introduce the topic. C．To show the writer’s wisdom. D．To prove Albert Einstein’s ridiculousness. 答案　B 2．What’s the meaning of the word “Put” in the second paragraph? A．Say. B．Lay. C．Translate. D．Organize. 答案　A 3．What can we conclude from the first two paragraphs? A．Albert Einstein asked himself the question in his twenties. B．Thought experiments refer to the real experiments in the lab. C．Some factors limit an experimental scenario in the real world. D．Thought experiments are valueless. 答案　C 4．What’s the writer’s attitude to Galileo Galilei? A．Negative. B．Subjective. C．Indifferent. D．Positive. 答案　D Step 3　读后——课文语法填空 Thought experiments are experiments 1.carried(carry) out in the laboratory of the mind,2.which means they take place in the imagination.While the term “thought experiment” 3.originated(originate) in the 19th century，the use of thought experiments can be traced much 4.further(far) back，when ancient philosophers used 5.them(they) to explore difficult questions.Thought experiments 6.have made(make) a great difference to the development of scientific theories.With logical reasoning，they are capable 7.of putting forward a new theory and supporting or disproving an 8.existing(exist) theory.By making abstract，complex ideas more concrete and 9.accessible(access)，thought experiments can stimulate debate and lead to a more thorough understanding of the topic 10.in question.So let’s create our own thought experiments. Ⅰ.补句子　析结构 1．This intuitive thinking later played an important role in the development of his special theory of relativity，as Einstein acknowledged in his 1949 Autobiographical Notes.(P16；Para.1) 结构分析：此句是复合句。as引导非限制性定语从句，as在从句中作宾语。 汉语翻译：正如爱因斯坦在他1949年的《自述》中所承认的那样，这个直觉性的想法之后在他的狭义相对论的发展中发挥了重要作用。 2．We set up some hypothetical situation，carry out an operation，see what happens，and draw a conclusion(conclude) from our analysis.(P16；Para.2) 结构分析：此句是复合句。主句谓语动词为set up，carry out，see，draw；what引导宾语从句，并在从句中作主语。 汉语翻译：我们提出某种假设情况，进行一场实验，看看会发生什么，然后从我们的分析中得出结论。 3．In such circumstances，we move into the area of thought experiments，which function as a valuable means to test(test) the limits of our knowledge and advance our understanding of the world.(P16；Para.2) 结构分析：此句是复合句。主句为“we move into the area of thought experiments”；which引导非限制性定语从句，修饰the area of thought experiments。 汉语翻译：在这种情况下，我们就进入思想实验的领域。作为一种有价值的手段，思想实验可以检验我们知识的极限，增进我们对世界的理解。 4．While the term “thought experiment” originated in the 19th century，the use of thought experiments can be traced (trace) much further back，when ancient philosophers used them to explore(explore) difficult questions.(P16；Para.3) 结构分析：此句是复合句。While引导让步状语从句，while在此意为“尽管”；when引导非限制性定语从句。 汉语翻译：虽然“思想实验”一词起源于19世纪，但其应用可以追溯到更早的时候，那时的古代哲学家们用思想实验来探索难题。 5．In Galileo’s day，Aristotle’s belief that a heavier ball should fall faster(fast) than a lighter one was well accepted.(P17；Para.4) 结构分析：此句是复合句。that引导同位语从句，是名词belief的同位语。 汉语翻译：在伽利略的时代，人们普遍接受亚里士多德的观点，即一个较重的球应该比一个较轻的球下落得更快。 6．Doubtful，Galileo asked what would happen if the two balls were tied(tie) together.(P17；Para.4) 结构分析：此句是主从复合句。Doubtful在句中为形容词作状语；what引导宾语从句，在此从句中，if引导条件状语从句。 汉语翻译：伽利略对此持怀疑态度，他问道，如果把两个球绑在一起，会发生什么？ Ⅱ.研典句　学用法 as 引导的状语从句 As we explore the world in greater depth，we may reach a point where it is impossible to run an experimental scenario in the real world due to physical，ethical or financial limitations.(P16；Para.2) 当我们更深入地探索世界时，可能会遇到这样一种情况，即由于物理、伦理或财务上的限制而无法在现实世界中运行一个实验场景。 结构分析：此句是复合句。主句为we may reach a point；As引导时间状语从句，as在此意为“当……时候”；where 引导定语从句，先行词为point，在此从句中，it作形式主语，真正的主语是to run an experimental ...financial limitations。 ————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————as引导的状语从句如下： ·as引导时间状语从句，意为“当……时候；随着……” ·as引导让步状语从句，从句必须用倒装语序，即“表语/状语/动词原形＋as/though＋主语＋其他”，若表语是可数名词单数，前置时要省略冠词 ·as引导方式状语从句，意为“按照” ·as引导原因状语从句，意为“因为” ·as引导比较状语从句，意为“和……一样” ———————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————— (1)(活动介绍)我对教给他人如何制作中国传统手工艺品尤其感兴趣，因为这是一个分享我们的文化，从别人身上学习的好机会。 I am particularly interested in teaching others how to make Chinese traditional crafts，as it is a great opportunity to share our culture and learn from others. (2)尽管我们很害羞，很胆小(timid)，我们年轻人总是渴望证明自己，渴望乐趣和兴奋。 Shy and timid as we are，we youngsters are always eager to prove ourselves and long for fun and excitement. (3)(读后续写之恐惧表达)当我站在舞台上的时候，我紧张极了。 As I was standing on the stage，nervousness/tension came flooding over me. (4)我希望这个项链同你借给我的一样好。 I hope the necklace is as good as the one you lent me. (5)你应该按照老师告诉你的那样做。 You should do as the teacher told you. 课文重点词块默写 1．以……的速度at the speed of 2．在……岁时at the age of... 3．在……中发挥作用play a role in 4．简单来说put simply 5．执行；实施carry out 6．换句话说in other words 7．发生take place 8．提出；设置set up 9．得出结论draw a conclusion 10．深入地；彻底地；全面地in depth 11．因为，由于due to 12．在这种情况下in such circumstances 13．起……的作用function as 14．检验我们知识的极限test the limits of our knowledge 15．增进我们对世界的理解advance our understanding of the world 16．探索难题explore difficult questions 17．随着……的诞生with the birth of 18．变成一项……的重要工具become an important tool for 19．导致；有助于contribute to 20．有能力做be capable of doing 21．提出put forward 22．弄清楚；理解figure out 23．以不同的速度at different speeds 24．减速slow down 25．作为一个整体 as a whole 26．证明……是正确/错误的prove...right/wrong 27．用一个明确的答案with a definite answer 28．更透彻地理解……a more thorough understanding of 29．提出很多问题raise many questions 30．一个给定的假设a given hypothesis 单句写作(课文佳句仿写) 1．为了提高学生的读写能力，帮助他们及时解决问题，我设计了一个智能机器人来帮助学生学习英语。(literacy，to do作目的状语) To improve students’ literacy and help them tackle their problems timely，I designed an intelligent robot to assist students in learning English. 2．有了这个英语学习助手，即使是从头开始学习英语的学生也可以用英语进行对话，这样能帮助他们练习英语口语。(from scratch，which引导非限制性定语从句) With this English learning assistant，even students who learn English from scratch can make a conversation in English，which can help them practice oral English. 3．当这个智能机器人帮助学生检查他们的作文时，它能发现一些语法错误和拼写错误。(as引导的状语从句) As this intelligent robot helps students check their compositions，it can find some grammar mistakes and spelling mistakes. 4．其实，最令人印象深刻的是，它能够根据他们以前的练习中收集到的错误提供一些练习。(what引导主语从句，capable) In fact，what’s most impressive is that it is capable of providing some exercises according to the mistakes collected in their former exercises. 5．我坚信我的发明能对学生们有很大的好处，有一天它会流行起来。(catch on，that引导同位语从句，be＋of＋抽象名词) I hold a firm belief that my invention can be of great benefit to students and it will catch on one day. 组句成篇　以上句子可以加上过渡词语和其他联想内容组成一篇小短文。 My Intelligent Robot for Learning English To improve students’ literacy and help them tackle their problems timely，I designed an intelligent robot to assist students in learning English. With this English learning assistant，even students who learn English from scratch can make a conversation in English，which can help them practice oral English.Additionally，as this intelligent robot helps students check their compositions，it can find some grammar mistakes and spelling mistakes.What’s more，it can also spark students to have new ideas for their writing assignments.In fact，what’s most impressive is that it is capable of providing some exercises according to the mistakes collected in their former exercises. I hold a firm belief that my invention can be of great benefit to students and it will catch on one day. 训练1　Welcome to the unit & Reading [分值：45分] Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分，共17.5分) A (2024·福建十一校高三联考) While Alice has her adventures in the Wonderland，you can have your own as well this summer.British contemporary artist Philip Colbert has created a Lobster(龙虾) Wonderland in Changsha，Hunan Province. Date：July 15 Location：Changsha International Finance Square (Changsha IFS) About Philip Colbert His globally welcomed lobster series has won the hearts of a large number of followers.The artist，with a master’s in philosophy，takes lobster as his second personality. Through large installations，public art theme exhibition and new media art，the artist has introduced works from galleries and created a surreal art scenery in city’s public space with a combination of pop art and local culture. Features In Changsha IFS，Colbert’s exhibition，which is the London-based artist’s first large-scale outdoor public art installations，has three major sectors，showcasing his large installations，sculptures and new media arts as well as the special works created for the event. The opening ceremony，an art carnival，saw the debut(首次登台) of a 12-meter-long Lobster Taikonaut specially made by Colbert.His Lobster Flower and Lobster Shark also found their way in the parade.At the southwest square，people can find Lobster Fountain towering 12 meters and enjoy two major theme sectors，Lobster Island and Lobster Skate Park. Lobster Rainbow，a lobster breaking through a roof with a rainbow behind it，is the artist’s brand-new work for Changsha IFS.In his works，such as Daydreamer，Colbert also expresses his wish of narrowing the distance between art pieces and people. 语篇解读　本文是一篇应用文，介绍了英国当代艺术家菲利普·考尔伯特在湖南长沙创作的“龙虾仙境”。 1．What is Philip Colbert well known for? A．Alice Wonderland. B．Shark experience. C．Lobster series. D．Rainbow story. 答案　C 解析　细节理解题。根据About Philip Colbert部分中“His globally welcomed lobster series has won the hearts of a large number of followers.”可知，他的龙虾系列作品受到全球欢迎，所以他是因他的龙虾系列作品而全球闻名的。故选C。 2．What can we learn about the exhibition according to the text? A．It takes place in the open air. B．There are no special works for the event. C．People can enjoy lobster fountain and lake. D．Lobster Island is the artist’s brand-new work for Changsha IFS. 答案　A 解析　细节理解题。根据Features部分中“In Changsha IFS，Colbert’s exhibition，which is the London-based artist’s first large-scale outdoor public art installations，has three major sectors...”可知，该展览是这位伦敦艺术家的第一个大型户外公共艺术装置。故选A。 3．Where can the text probably be found? A．A shopping brochure. B．An art magazine. C．A science report. D．A fashion advertisement. 答案　B 解析　文章出处题。根据第一段并结合文章主要介绍了一位艺术家的展览可知，本文可以在艺术杂志上看到。故选B。 B (2024·江苏南通等六市高三一模) The motivation for his invention came to Aarrav Anil last year when he saw his uncle Arjun，who has Parkinson’s disease，struggle to eat.Some food spilled(溢出) out of his mouth，the rest splattered(溅) on his clothes.Arjun attempted to keep his dignity but the frustration forced him to give up and call his helper to feed him. The sight of his uncle’s shaking the spoon so violently inspired Aarrav,17，from Bengaluru，south India，to turn to robotics.He locked himself in his room with microcontrollers，sensors，motors，and a 3D printer.What emerged was a prototype(原型) of a smart spoon that is now undergoing trials at the RV College of Physiotherapy in Bengaluru. The sensors in the battery-operated spoon detect shaking on one side and activate movement on the other，effectively cancelling out shaking to keep the spoon stable. “I’ve been fine_tuning the design based on the college’s feedback—that it needs to be waterproof so that it can be washed without damaging all the electronics inside; that it must be removable so it can be cleaned and replaced by a fork，” Aarrav says. For Aarrav it is the peak of a 10-year interest in mechanics that began when his mother bought him a Lego set.He has now represented India at more than 20 robotics competitions across the world. When the blueprint for the smart spoon won first prize in the Future Innovators category at last year’s World Robot Olympiad in Germany，Aarrav felt encouraged to make the prototype. More than 7 million people in India are estimated to have Parkinson’s disease，a condition in which parts of the brain become progressively damaged and which mainly affects people over the age of 50.Symptoms(症状) include involuntary shaking and stiff muscles.As the disease progresses，eating can become more difficult，forcing people to rely on help from others. Aarrav’s ambition is that every family that has someone with Parkinson’s disease will have the smart spoon.He says his uncle Arjun’s words keep echoing(回响) in his mind: “Who would have thought such a small thing could mean the difference between dignity and indignity？” 语篇解读　这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了Aarrav Anil发明智能勺子的原因和过程。 4．What can Aarrav’s invention help people with Parkinson’s do? A．Control their physical balance. B．Boost their mood and relieve stress. C．Maintain a good range of movement. D．Feed themselves more independently. 答案　D 解析　推理判断题。根据第一段第一句和第三句、第二段第一句和第三句、第三段、倒数第二段最后一句以及最后一段中“He says his uncle Arjun’s words keep echoing(回响) in his mind: ‘Who would have thought such a small thing could mean the difference between dignity and indignity？’”可知，Aarrav的发明能帮助帕金森病患者更独立地自己进食。故选D。 5．What does the underlined part “fine tuning” in paragraph 4 mean? A．Overturning. B．Reconsidering. C．Conducting a study of. D．Making minor changes to. 答案　D 解析　词义猜测题。根据画线部分下文“the design based on the college’s feedback—that it needs to be waterproof so that it can be washed without damaging all the electronics inside; that it must be removable so it can be cleaned and replaced by a fork”可知，Aarrav根据学院的反馈对智能勺子进行调整，所以画线部分的意思是“调整”。make minor changes to意为“对……进行微小更改”，和画线部分含义接近。故选D。 6．What is the author’s purpose in mentioning Parkinson’s disease in India? A．To show prospects of Aarrav’s invention. B．To reveal the nation’s poor health situation. C．To popularize general knowledge of the disease. D．To convince people to volunteer for social causes. 答案　A 解析　推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“More than 7 million people in India are estimated to have Parkinson’s disease，a condition in which parts of the brain become progressively damaged and which mainly affects people over the age of 50.”可知，作者提到帕金森病目前在印度的概况的目的是展示Aarrav的发明的前景。故选A。 7．What can be learned about Aarrav from the text? A．He enjoys being alone. B．He has an innovative mind. C．He used to be a health worker. D．He longs to be a businessman. 答案　B 解析　推理判断题。根据第二、五、六段可知，Aarrav有创新的头脑。故选B。 Ⅱ.七选五(每小题2.5分，共12.5分) How to Improve Your Memory Can’t find your car keys？Forget your grocery list？You’re not alone.Everyone forgets things occasionally.__1__ Consider the following ways to sharpen your memory. Include physical activity in your daily routine. For most healthy adults，the Department of Health and Human Services recommends at least 150 minutes a week of moderate aerobic(有氧的) activity，such as brisk walking，or 75 minutes a week of vigorous aerobic activity，such as jogging—preferably spread throughout the week.__2__ Stay mentally active. Just as physical activity helps keep your body in shape，mentally stimulating activities help keep your brain in shape—and might keep memory loss at bay.Do crossword puzzles.Play bridge.Take alternate routes when driving.__3__ Volunteer at a local school or community organization. __4__ You’re more likely to forget things if your home is messy and your notes are disorganized.Take down tasks，appointments and other events in a special notebook，calendar or electronic planner.You might even repeat each entry out loud as you jot it down to help strengthen it in your memory.Keep to-do lists current and check off items you’ve completed. Manage chronic(慢性的) diseases. Follow your doctor’s treatment recommendations for medical conditions，such as depression，high blood pressure，high cholesterol，diabetes，obesity and hearing loss.__5__ In addition，review your medications with your doctor regularly. A．Get organized. B．Learn to play a musical instrument. C．Various medications can affect memory. D．Still，memory loss is nothing to take lightly. E．Set aside a place for your wallet，keys，glasses and other essentials. F．The better you take care of yourself，the better your memory is likely to be. G．If you don’t have time for a full workout，squeeze in a few 10-minute walks throughout the day. 语篇解读　这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了如何提高记忆力。 1．答案　D 解析　上文“Everyone forgets things occasionally.”说明每个人都会偶尔健忘，选项D“不过，记忆力丧失是不可轻视的”承接上文，与上文形成转折并引出下文介绍提高记忆力的方法。故选D项。 2．答案　G 解析　小标题“Include physical activity in your daily routine.”和上文说明本段建议生活中应增添体育运动，并给出了建议的时长，选项G承接上文，介绍如果时间不允许，怎样进行体育锻炼。故选G项。 3．答案　B 解析　小标题“Stay mentally active.”和上文建议要保持思维活跃，并进行了举例说明，选项B“学习演奏一种乐器”承接上文，是列举的另一个保持思维活跃的例子。故选B项。 4．答案　A 解析　此处是段落小标题，下文“You’re more likely to forget things if your home is messy and your notes are disorganized.”说明如果家里很乱，没有条理，就容易忘记。选项A“变得有条理”符合本段主题，适合作小标题。故选A项。 5．答案　C 解析　上文谈到要按照医生的治疗建议治疗疾病，选项C“很多药物会影响记忆力”承接上文，说明吃药对记忆力有影响，并引出下文要定期检查，与选项存在因果关系。故选C项。 Ⅲ.语法填空(每小题1.5分，共15分) (2024·连云港一调) In recent years，various regions in China 1.____________(take) advantage of their unique resources and developed a diverse and dynamic rural tourism industry according to local conditions.They have created 2.____________(innovate) development models，giving rise to a number of desirable rural tourism destinations.They have paved the way for Chinese rural development 3.____________ combines culture and tourism，promotes harmonious coexistence between man and nature，and fights 4.____________ both material and cultural prosperity(繁荣)． With different types and rich forms，rural tourism is 5.____________(gradual) becoming a new hotspot in the Chinese tourism market.The annual reception and the tourism revenue(收入) have seen significant growth,6.____________(boost) the world’s tourism development. For foreign tourists，visiting rural areas in China is not just about sightseeing，but an opportunity 7.____________(get) a view of Chinese culture and customs.The beautiful countryside in China holds 8.____________ strong appeal for foreign visitors. Nowadays，some foreign tourists have shown a 9.____________(prefer) for immersive experiences in rural areas，such as enjoying tea and traditional opera performances in rural villages in Zhejiang，watching face-changing and fire-spitting shows of Sichuan Opera in rural parks in Sichuan,10.____________ listening to folk songs in ethnic villages of Guangxi. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国乡村旅游的发展。 1．答案　have taken 解析　考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。设空处在句中作谓语，由时间状语“In recent years”可知，此句用现在完成时，主语various regions为复数且与take之间为主动关系，助动词用have，故填have taken。 2．答案　innovative 解析　考查形容词。设空处作定语修饰名词短语development models，应填形容词。故填innovative。 3．答案　that/which 解析　考查定语从句。设空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词development，在从句中作主语，指物，从句用关系代词that/which引导。故填that/which。 4．答案　for 解析　考查介词。fight for意为“为……而奋斗”，符合句意。故填for。 5．答案　gradually 解析　考查副词。设空处修饰谓语动词is becoming作状语，应用副词。故填gradually。 6．答案　boosting 解析　考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知，设空处为非谓语动词，逻辑主语“年接待人次和旅游收入大幅增长”与动词boost之间构成主动关系，故应填现在分词形式。故填boosting。 7．答案　to get 解析　考查非谓语动词。an opportunity to do sth意为“做某事的机会”，设空处填动词不定式作后置定语。故填to get。 8．答案　a 解析　考查冠词。名词appeal前有形容词strong修饰，用作可数名词，此处表泛指用不定冠词，strong的发音以辅音音素开头，用不定冠词a。故填a。 9．答案　preference 解析　考查名词。由空前的a可知，设空处应填名词preference“偏爱，喜爱”作宾语。故填preference。 10．答案　and 解析　考查连词。设空处连接并列的三个动名词短语，用连词and。故填and。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$