Unit 6 Section Ⅵ Developing ideas-（课件PPT+Word教案）【步步高】2024-2025学年高二英语选择性必修第四册教师用书（外研版2019）

Section Ⅵ　Developing ideas Step 1　速读——整体理解文意 Ⅰ.明文章大意 What is the main idea of the passage? A．Ancient people’s knowledge about space is limited. B．Humans will conquer the universe in the near future. C．The universe is far larger than people once imagined. D．People will know more about the universe with larger telescopes. 答案　D Ⅱ.悉篇章结构 Step 2　细读——深度获取细节 1．How did ancient people create a world in the sky? A．With the naked eye. B．With telescopes. C．By using their imaginations. D．By passing from mouth to mouth. 答案　C 2．What dramatically changed our power to investigate and understand space? A．The development of technology. B．The invention of the first telescope. C．The application of the Internet. D．The power of the human eye. 答案　B 3．What is the main function of the Hubble Space Telescope? A．Discovering new planets with life. B．Working out the age of the universe alone. C．Taking pictures of the universe beyond Earth. D．Making the universe expand more and more rapidly. 答案　C 4．What can be inferred from the last paragraph? A．There is no need to explore the early universe. B．We humans have explored the universe for the most part. C．We have seen stars and galaxies billions of light years away. D．Larger radio telescopes will do more to help us explore the universe. 答案　D Step 3　读后——课文语法填空 The night sky has been an endless source of 1.fascination(fascinate) since the start of human history.2.In reality，humans can see very little of the night sky with the naked eye.Our power to investigate and understand space changed 3.dramatically(dramatic) when the first telescope was angled at the night sky.We understood that the universe is far 4.larger(large) than was previously imaginable. Almost 400 years after the first Earth-based telescope 5.was invented(invent)，the Hubble Space Telescope was launched into orbit,6.giving(give) astronomers the first breathtakingly beautiful images of our universe taken from beyond Earth.7.To see(see) even further into the universe，many countries are now engaged in building ever more advanced telescopes.Currently，China operates the world’s largest and most powerful radio telescope,8.the FAST telescope,9.completed(complete) in 2016. The Hubble and the space telescopes will allow us to see further and further into space.So much of the universe remains unexplored 10.that we are still close to the start of this incredible journey of discovery. 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 Ⅰ.补句子　析结构 1．For example，the mysterious(mystery) large-eyed，bronze statues of the ancient Shu Kingdom，discovered at the Chinese archaeological site at Sanxingdui，were believed to have been(be) able to look across great distances into the stars.(P90 Para.1) 结构分析：此句是简单句。主语是the large-eyed，bronze statues，discovered at...Sanxingdui是过去分词短语作后置定语；谓语动词是were believed。 汉语翻译：例如在中国考古遗址三星堆发掘的古蜀国神秘的巨目铜像，古时的人们认为它能够看到遥远的星空。 2．Not knowing what the stars were，people in ancient times used their imaginations(imagine) to create a world in the sky.(P90 Para.1) 结构分析：此句为复合句。Not knowing what the stars were为现在分词短语的否定形式，在句子中作状语；what引导宾语从句，且在从句中作表语。 汉语翻译：古时的人们并不知道星星到底是什么，所以他们便凭着想象去创造了一个空中世界。 3．Our power to investigate(investigate) and thus understand space changed dramatically when the first telescope was angled at the night sky，increasing(increase) as it did the power of the human eye and enabling us to understand that the universe is far larger than was previously(previous) imaginable.(P90 Para.2) 结构分析：此句为复合句。主句为Our power changed；when引导时间状语从句；第二个and连接并列的结果状语；that引导宾语从句。 汉语翻译：当第一台望远镜对准夜空时，我们探索进而理解太空的能力就发生了巨大变化，它不仅增强了人类肉眼观测的能力，而且也让我们明白宇宙要比之前想象的大得多。 4．The planets were seen to be worlds similar to our own，many of them even having their own moons.(P90 Para.2) 结构分析：此句为简单句。many of them even having their own moons是独立主格结构。 汉语翻译：每个行星都可以被视为和我们地球类似的星球，其中许多行星甚至有它们自己的卫星。 5．Almost 400 years after the first Earth-based telescope was invented，the Hubble Space Telescope was launched into orbit，giving astronomers—indeed all of us—the first breathtakingly(breathtaking) beautiful images of our universe taken from beyond Earth.(P91 Para.3) 结构分析：此句为复合句。after后是时间状语从句； giving astronomers...是现在分词短语作结果状语；taken from beyond Earth是过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰images。 汉语翻译：第一个地基望远镜问世将近400年之后，哈勃空间望远镜发射入轨，不仅让宇航员，事实上还让我们所有人，都看见了来自地球之外令人叹为观止的宇宙美景。 6．Nothing in history has allowed us to see(see) so much over such great distances，from enormous clouds of gas where stars are being born，to huge black holes，and even to new planets where we might conceivably find life.(P91 Para.3) 结构分析：此句为复合句。句中的两个where引导的从句均为定语从句，分别修饰gas和planets。 汉语翻译：它让我们史无前例地看到了如此遥远的景观——从星体诞生的巨大气体云团，到巨型黑洞，甚至到可能会发现生命迹象的新行星。 7．Not only that—it has also helped us to work out the age and nature of the universe，and discover the incredible fact that the universe is expanding at an ever-increasing speed.(P91 Para.3) 结构分析：此句为复合句。句中第二个that引导同位语从句。 汉语翻译：不仅如此，它还帮助我们测算宇宙的年龄并分析宇宙的本质，且发现了惊人的事实——宇宙正在以不断增加的速度扩大。 8．Currently(current)，China operates the world’s largest and most powerful(power) radio telescope，the FAST telescope，completed in 2016.(P92 Para.4) 结构分析：此句为简单句。the FAST telescope是radio telescope的同位语，completed in 2016是过去分词短语作后置定语。 汉语翻译：近来，中国研发了世界最大、功能最强的射电望远镜——FAST望远镜，于2016年建成。 9．The 500-metre dish of the “Eye of Heaven”，as it is known，is being used in the search for dark matter，thought to be composed of subatomic particles invisible to ordinary telescopes.(P92 Para.4) 结构分析：此句为复合句。as it is known 为as引导的非限制性定语从句；thought to be composed...telescopes为过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰dark matter；invisible to ordinary telescopes为形容词短语作后置定语，修饰subatomic particles。 汉语翻译：众所周知，这个被称为“天眼”的500米口径巨盘用于探寻暗物质。暗物质被认为由亚原子粒子组成，普通望远镜是观测不到的。 10．Using ever-larger radio telescopes as our eyes，we will one day be able to look back to a time in the very early universe，before the existence(exist) of light.(P92 Para.5) 结构分析：此句为简单句。Using ever-larger...our eyes是现在分词短语作方式状语。 汉语翻译：终将有一天，我们会使用更巨大的射电望远镜当作人类之眼，回看在光产生之前的宇宙的最早时期。 Ⅱ.研典句　学用法 It be＋v.-ed＋that... Soon，it was understood that the Sun was just one star among billions in the galaxy we call the Milky Way.(P90－91 Para.2) 很快，我们明白太阳只不过是银河系中数十亿计的恒星中的一个。 结构分析：此句为复合句。it是形式主语，that引导主语从句。we call the Milky Way是省略引导词that/which的定语从句，修饰先行词the galaxy。 ————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————•在It be＋v.-ed＋that...句型中，it为形式主语，that引导的从句是真正的主语。常用于这种结构的动词有think，believe，report，say，know，suggest，announce等。此句型还可改为Sb＋be＋v.-ed＋to do...。 •it作形式主语的常见句式还有： It be＋n.＋that.../to do... It be＋adj.＋that.../to do... ———————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————— (1)He is believed to be(be) the most excellent doctor in the small town. →It is believed that he is the most excellent doctor in the small town. (2)据说很多交换生将参加即将到来的校园才艺表演。 It’s said that a large number of exchange students will participate in the upcoming campus talent show. (3)你今天下午四点来接我方便吗？ Would it be convenient for you to pick me up at four o’clock this afternoon? (4)很荣幸能发表演讲，与大家分享我对京剧的看法。 It is a great honour to deliver a speech to share with you my opinions on Beijing Opera. 课文重点词块默写 1．夜空the night sky 2．魅力的源头source of fascination 3．中国考古遗址三星堆the Chinese archaeological site at Sanxingdui 4．看到遥远的星空look across great distances into the stars 5．事实上，实际上in reality 6．肉眼the naked eye 7．古时的人们people in ancient times 8．对准be angled at 9．银河系the Milky Way 10．算出；理解；制定出；解决；锻炼work out 11．发现了惊人的事实discover the incredible fact 12．以越来越快的速度at an ever-increasing speed 13．从事，忙于 be engaged in 14．先进的望远镜advanced telescope 15．寻找in the search for 16．由……组成be composed of 17．有能力做have the ability to do 18．数十亿光年之外billions of light years away 19．看见更加遥远的太空 see further and further into space 20．回顾look back to/on/at 21．追求，探索quest for 22．未经勘探remain unexplored 23．奇幻的发现之旅incredible journey of discovery 训练4　Developing ideas　[分值：50分] Ⅰ.单句写作(应用文写作——探索星空)(共15分) 1．人们总是被布满星星的令人敬畏的夜空所吸引。 People have always been fascinated by the awesome night sky full of stars. 2．但事实上，人类用肉眼几乎看不到夜空。 But in reality，humans can see very little of the night sky with the naked eye. 3．不知道星星是什么，古代的人们用他们的想象力在天空中创造了一个世界。(现在分词短语作状语) Not knowing what the stars were，people in ancient times used their imaginations to create a world in the sky. 4．越来越多先进的望远镜被发明出来，人们可以看到更远的天空。(独立主格结构) More and more advanced telescopes invented，people can see further into the sky. 5．人们相信，未来我们会更加了解宇宙。(It be＋v.-ed＋that...) It is believed that we will have a better understanding of the universe in the future. 组句成篇　以上句子可以加上过渡词语和其他联想内容组成一篇小短文。 Ever since ancient times，people have always been fascinated by the awesome night sky full of stars.But in reality，humans can see very little of the night sky with the naked eye.Not knowing what the stars were，people in ancient times used their imaginations to create a world in the sky.Later，with the advent of the first telescope，people learned that the universe is far larger than was previously imaginable.More and more advanced telescopes invented，people can see further into the sky with time going by.It is believed that we will have a better understanding of the universe in the future. Ⅱ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分，共20分) A Sending rockets into space requires sacrificing expensive equipment，burning massive amounts of fuel，and risking potential catastrophe.So in the space race of the 21st century，some engineers are abandoning rockets for something much more exciting: elevators. Imagine hopping on a fast-spinning carousel(旋转木马) while holding a rope attached to a rock.As long as the carousel keeps spinning，the rock and rope will remain horizontal，kept in the air by centrifugal force(离心力)．If we replace the carousel with the Earth，the rope with a long cable，and the rock with a counterweight，we can imagine the modern space elevator—a cable pulled into space by the physics of our spinning planet.For this to work，the counterweight would need to be far enough away that the centrifugal force generated by the Earth’s spin is greater than the planet’s gravity.These forces balance out at roughly 36,000 kilometers above the surface，so the counterweight should be beyond this height.The resultant force on objects at this specific distance is evidently zero，leaving the objects in geostationary orbit，which means they revolve around the Earth at the same rate the planet spins，thus appearing motionless in the sky. The counterweight itself could be anything.From here，the cable could be released down through the atmosphere and connected to a base station on the planet’s surface.To maximize centrifugal acceleration，this anchor point should be close to the Equator.And by making the loading station a mobile ocean base，the entire system could be moved at will，allowing it to perform around extreme weather，and avoid satellites in space.Once established，cargo could be loaded onto devices called climbers，which would pull packages along the cable and into orbit. But the main problem lies in the cable itself.In addition to supporting a massive amount of weight，the cable’s material would have to be strong enough to stand the counterweight’s pull.And because this tension and the force of gravity would vary at different points，its strength and thickness would need to vary as well.But so far，we’ve only been able to manufacture very small nanotube(纳米管) chains. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍的是现代太空升降机——一根通过我们旋转的星球的物理机制拉入太空的缆绳。 1．Why does the author mention the carousel experience in paragraph 2? A．To illustrate a theory. B．To make a prediction. C．To introduce the topic. D．To provide the background. 答案　A 解析　推理判断题。根据第二段中“As long as the carousel keeps spinning...a cable pulled into space by the physics of our spinning planet.(只要旋转木马继续旋转，岩石和绳索就会保持水平，并通过离心力保持在空中。如果我们用地球代替旋转木马，用长缆绳代替绳索，用配重代替岩石，我们就可以想象现代太空升降机——一根通过我们旋转的星球的物理机制拉入太空的缆绳)”可知，作者在第二段中提到旋转木马的经历是为了更形象地说明一个理论，故选A。 2．What makes objects revolve around the Earth at the same rate the planet spins? A．The resultant force. B．The counterweight’s pull. C．The centrifugal force. D．The planet’s gravity. 答案　A 解析　细节理解题。根据第二段中最后一句“在这个特定距离的物体的合力显然为零，使物体处于与地球旋转同步的轨道上，这意味着它们以与行星相同的旋转速度绕地球旋转，因此在天空中看起来是静止的”可知，让物体以与行星相同的速度围绕地球旋转的是合力，即The resultant force，故选A。 3．Which of the following statements about the space elevator is correct? A．The loading position would be a fixed base. B．The climbers would pull the cable into orbit. C．The cargo could be sent into orbit from the sea. D．The cable could connect the base station to the Equator. 答案　C 解析　细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“And by making the loading station a mobile ocean base，the entire system could be moved at will，allowing it to perform around extreme weather，and avoid satellites in space.(通过使装载站成为一个移动的海洋基地，整个系统可以随意移动，允许它在极端天气下运行，并避开太空中的卫星)”可知，这些货物可以从海上送入轨道。故选C。 4．How might scientists solve the cable problem? A．By operating the elevator with more cables. B．By making the cable flexible and strengthened. C．By reducing the counterweight’s pull on the cable. D．By building the elevator somewhere with no gravity. 答案　B 解析　推理判断题。根据最后一段中第二、三句“除了支撑大量重量外，缆绳的材料还必须足够坚固，以承受配重的拉力。因为这种张力和重力在不同的点是不同的，所以它的强度和厚度也需要相应地进行改变”可知，科学家可通过使缆绳更坚固和灵活来解决缆绳问题，故选B。 B As Geoffrey Hinton，widely seen as the father of artificial intelligence，warns about growing dangers from how it is developing，businesses are scrambling to see how they can use the technology to their advantage. Recently，the hot topic is how to employ ChatGPT style technology across their businesses as quickly as possible.A boss looked at his computer，entered the transcript of a customer complaint call，and asked ChatGPT to respond to it based on set of rules.In about a minute it came up with a very credible answer，which was 85% accurate but only cost 1% of the cost of employing staff.The good news for all is the pure enhancement to productivity. Technology has improved the quality of life.A lot of innovation has made our entertainment time more enjoyable.But the real shock has been that these technologies are usable in a commercial context，not just for “low-cognitive，repetitive” tasks，i.e.robotic-tasks likely to be automated. The surprise has been how employable the technology is to highly creative，high-value work.Specifically，creating an image，or music，or coding a programme can be achieved in seconds rather than weeks of briefing and refining.So the good news is that rapid employment of this technology could solve the longstanding productivity crisis.The bad news is that it could occur so rapidly as to overtake workers’ ability to adapt in time，creating social crisis.Could we face in call centers and creative studios in the 2020s，the equivalent of what happened in the coal mines in the 1980s? Some individuals have started to suggest that states should provide a basic income due to the possibility of AI leading to job loss.The response of tech enthusiasts is that “You won’t be replaced by an AI，but you might be replaced by someone who knows how to use AI”．But they used to say that’s why everybody should learn how to code.That might not be such wise career advice any more. 语篇解读　这是一篇说明文，主要介绍了被广泛视为人工智能之父的杰弗里·辛顿Geoffrey Hinton警告称，人工智能的发展方式带来的危险越来越大，而企业正在争先恐后地利用这项技术为自己服务。 5．What do we learn about ChatGPT? A．It improves customers’ satisfaction. B．It enhances productivity and reduces cost. C．It perfects customers’ ability to summarize. D．It revolutionizes the business with accuracy. 答案　B 解析　细节理解题。根据第二段中“A boss looked at his computer...The good news for all is the pure enhancement to productivity.”可知，ChatGPT提高了效率，降低了成本。故选B项。 6．How has technology influenced individuals? A．By enriching leisure time. B．By increasing dependence. C．By simplifying people’s work. D．By reshaping entertainment forms. 答案　A 解析　细节理解题。根据第三段中“Technology has improved the quality of life.A lot of innovation has made our entertainment time more enjoyable.”可知，科技是通过丰富闲暇时间来影响个人的。故选A项。 7．What does the underlined word “equivalent” in paragraph 4 mean? A．Alternative. B．Opposite. C．Similarity. D．Reference. 答案　C 解析　词义猜测题。根据画线词前一句可知，人工智能发展过快，会比人类工作者更适应时代，进而造成社会危机，可推知画线词所在句应该讲述不好的事情，意为“我们会在呼叫中心和创意工作室面临类似于20世纪80年代煤矿发生的事情吗？”故可猜测，画线词与C项意思一致。故选C项。 8．What is the author’s attitude towards the application of AI? A．Intolerant. B．Favorable. C．Indifferent. D．Objective. 答案　D 解析　观点态度题。根据最后一段“Some individuals have started to suggest that...The response of tech enthusiasts is that...But they used to say that’s why everybody should learn how to code.That might not be such wise career advice any more.”可推知，对人工智能的应用，作者并未提出明确或褒或贬的个人观点，可得出作者对人工智能持客观的态度。故选D项。 Ⅲ.完形填空(每小题1分，共15分) The idea of holidays to the moon was once a concept of science fiction.However，several companies are racing to make it a 1 .To prepare for these holidays，Horizon Studios has 2 the world’s first luggage for space travel. The suitcase was co-designed by Alyssa Carson，who wanted to be one of the 3 on board NASA’s first manned mission on Mars in 2033. The suitcase，called Horizon ONE，is built from a special material，making it very strong and 4 .It is estimated that the case weighs no more than 900 grams! The base of the bag is electromagnetic (电磁的), 5 it to guide to the floor or walls even in zero 6 environments.Meanwhile，the suitcase is 7 with a lot of electronics，including Graphene supercapacitors(石墨烯超级电容器) and a charging field for wireless charging，an in-built smart screen，and fingerprint 8 .However，the suitcase has an eye-watering price that is likely to 9 many customers.It is currently priced at $40,000. Stefan Holwe，founder of Horizon Studios，said，“As a 10 travel brand，it is our job to enable 11 minds to go further，so this project lies very close to our hearts.We are happy to work with Alyssa，who 12 represents space travel for the next generation.” Space is seen as the final frontier，and Horizon ONE brings us one step closer.It shows how far smart travel technology has come，and how far it can 13 . Sadly，the suitcase is still a 14 and Horizon Studio expects the first space range to 15 in 2030. 语篇解读　这是一篇说明文。地平线工作室公布了世界上第一批用于太空旅行的行李箱，文章介绍了这个行李箱所采用的一些技术和理念。 1．A.dream B．reality C．hope D．success 答案　B 解析　根据后文“To prepare for these holidays”可知，有工作室为了度假在做准备，可见几家公司正在竞相实现这一目标。故选B。 2．A.produced B．reviewed C．demonstrated D．revealed 答案　D 解析　根据后文“the world’s first luggage for space travel”可知，指公布了世界上第一批用于太空旅行的行李箱。故选D。 3．A.designers B．scientists C．pilots D．astronauts 答案　D 解析　根据后文“on board NASA’s first manned mission on Mars in 2033”可知，Alyssa Carson想成为美国宇航局2033年首次载人火星任务的宇航员之一。故选D。 4．A.small B．light C．large D．heavy 答案　B 解析　根据后文“It is estimated that the case weighs no more than 900 grams！”可知，箱子很轻。故选B。 5．A.allowing B．causing C．forcing D．forbidding 答案　A 解析　根据上文“The base of the bag is electromagnetic(电磁的)”可知，袋子的底部有电磁，所以允许箱子在零重力环境中放到地板或墙上。故选A。 6．A.tolerance B．activity C．gravity D．interaction 答案　C 解析　结合上文可知，箱子是为了太空旅行设计的，所以是在零重力环境下，故选C。 7．A.equipped B．burdened C．confronted D．surrounded 答案　A 解析　根据后文“with a lot of electronics，including Graphene supercapacitors(石墨烯超级电容器) and a charging field for wireless charging，an in-built smart screen”可知，行李箱配备了很多电子设备，故选A。 8．A.installment B．recognition C．facility D．instrument 答案　B 解析　根据上文fingerprint可知，此处为指纹识别技术，应用fingerprint recognition。故选B。 9．A.give off B．turn off C．put off D．put away 答案　C 解析　根据后文“It is currently priced at $40,000.”可知，这个旅行箱的价格太高，很可能会让很多顾客望而却步。put off此处意为“使(某人)失去热情”。故选C。 10．A.traditional B．new C．fashionable D．smart 答案　D 解析　根据后文“It shows how far smart travel technology has come”可知，这个品牌展示了智能出行技术，是智能旅游品牌。故选D。 11．A.curious B．dangerous C．conscious D．anxious 答案　A 解析　根据后文“minds to go further”可知，走得更远的是好奇的头脑，符合太空探索的要求。故选A。 12．A.hopelessly B．aimlessly C．carelessly D．fearlessly 答案　D 解析　根据后文“represents space travel for the next generation”可知，此处指Alyssa无畏地代表着下一代的太空旅行。故选D。 13．A.run B．go C．travel D．stand 答案　B 解析　根据上文“how far smart travel technology has come，and how far it can”可知，地平线一号展示了智能出行技术已经走了多远，以及它能走多远。故选B。 14．A.brand B．project C．concept D．designer 答案　C 解析　根据上文“Sadly，the suitcase is still a”中Sadly “遗憾的是”可知，行李箱仍是一个概念，故选C。 15．A.depart B．launch C．arrive D．disappear 答案　C 解析　根据后文“in 2030”可知，此处指地平线工作室预计第一个太空系列将于2030年问世。故选C。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ Section Ⅵ Developing ideas Space and beyond Unit6 Part 1　课文整体理解 Part 2　长句难句分析 整体理解 课文 3 Step 1　速读——整体理解文意 Ⅰ.明文章大意 What is the main idea of the passage? A.Ancient people’s knowledge about space is limited. B.Humans will conquer the universe in the near future. C.The universe is far larger than people once imagined. D.People will know more about the universe with larger telescopes. √ Ⅱ.悉篇章结构 Space—an endless source of fascination to the 1. eye 3. changed humans’ understanding of space. The 4. Space Telescope helps people see far beyond Earth. People in ancient times used their 2. to create a world in the sky. The first telescope extended the power of the human eye. Give all of us the first breathtakingly beautiful 5. of our universe. naked imaginations Telescopes Hubble images Many countries are engaged in building more 6. telescopes. The space telescopes will allow us to see further and further into space. Radio telescopes will enable people to look back to 8. . China operates the world’s largest and most powerful radio telescope, the 7. telescope. advanced FAST old times Step 2　细读——深度获取细节 1.How did ancient people create a world in the sky? A.With the naked eye. B.With telescopes. C.By using their imaginations. D.By passing from mouth to mouth. √ 2.What dramatically changed our power to investigate and understand space? A.The development of technology. B.The invention of the first telescope. C.The application of the Internet. D.The power of the human eye. √ 3.What is the main function of the Hubble Space Telescope? A.Discovering new planets with life. B.Working out the age of the universe alone. C.Taking pictures of the universe beyond Earth. D.Making the universe expand more and more rapidly. √ 4.What can be inferred from the last paragraph? A.There is no need to explore the early universe. B.We humans have explored the universe for the most part. C.We have seen stars and galaxies billions of light years away. D.Larger radio telescopes will do more to help us explore the universe. √ Step 3　读后——课文语法填空 The night sky has been an endless source of 1. (fascinate) since the start of human history.2. reality，humans can see very little of the night sky with the naked eye.Our power to investigate and understand space changed 3. (dramatic) when the first telescope was angled at the night sky.We understood that the universe is far 4. (large) than was previously imaginable. fascination In dramatically larger Almost 400 years after the first Earth-based telescope 5.___________ (invent)，the Hubble Space Telescope was launched into orbit，6.______ (give) astronomers the first breathtakingly beautiful images of our universe taken from beyond Earth.7. (see) even further into the universe，many countries are now engaged in building ever more advanced telescopes.Currently，China operates the world’s largest and most powerful radio telescope,8. FAST telescope,9. (complete) in 2016. was invented giving To see the completed The Hubble and the space telescopes will allow us to see further and further into space.So much of the universe remains unexplored 10. we are still close to the start of this incredible journey of discovery. that 返 回 难句分析 长句 14 1.For example，the (mystery) large-eyed，bronze statues of the ancient Shu Kingdom，discovered at the Chinese archaeological site at Sanxingdui，were believed (be) able to look across great distances into the stars.(P90 Para.1) 结构分析：此句是　　　句。主语是　　　　　　　　　　　　　，discovered at...Sanxingdui是过去分词短语作　　　　　；谓语动词是 　　　　　　　　。 汉语翻译：_____________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ Ⅰ.补句子　析结构 mysterious to have been 简单 the large-eyed，bronze statues 后置定语 were believed 　　　　　例如在中国考古遗址三星堆发掘的古蜀国神秘的巨目铜像，古时的人们认为它能够看到遥远的星空。 2.Not knowing what the stars were，people in ancient times used their 　　　　　　(imagine) to create a world in the sky.(P90 Para.1) 结构分析：此句为　　　句。Not knowing what the stars were为现在分词短语的否定形式，在句子中作　　　；what引导　　　从句，且在从句中作　　　。 汉语翻译：_____________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ 复合 imaginations 宾语 状语 表语 　　　　　古时的人们并不知道星星到底是什么，所以他们便凭着想象去创造了一个空中世界。 3.Our power 　　　　　　　(investigate) and thus understand space changed dramatically when the first telescope was angled at the night sky， (increase) as it did the power of the human eye and enabling us to understand that the universe is far larger than was (previous) imaginable.(P90 Para.2) 结构分析：此句为　　　句。主句为　　　　　　　　　　；when引导 　　　　 从句；第二个and连接并列的 　　　　；that引导　　 从句。 汉语翻译：_____________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ increasing to investigate previously 复合 Our power changed 时间状语 结果状语 宾语 　　　　　当第一台望远镜对准夜空时，我们探索进而理解太空的能力就发生了巨大变化，它不仅增强了人类肉眼观测的能力，而且也让我们明白宇宙要比之前想象的大得多。 4.The planets were seen to be worlds similar 　　 our own，many of them even having their own moons.(P90 Para.2) 结构分析：此句为　　　句。many of them even having their own moons是　　　　　结构。 汉语翻译：_____________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ to 简单 独立主格 　　　　　每个行星都可以被视为和我们地球类似的星球，其中许多行星甚至有它们自己的卫星。 5.Almost 400 years after the first Earth-based telescope was invented，the Hubble Space Telescope was launched into orbit，giving astronomers—indeed all of us—the first 　　　　　　　(breathtaking) beautiful images 　　 our universe taken from beyond Earth.(P91 Para.3) 结构分析：此句为　　　句。after后是　　　　　从句； giving astronomers...是现在分词短语作　　　　　；taken from beyond Earth是过去分词短语作　　　　　，修饰　　　　。 汉语翻译：_____________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ breathtakingly of 复合 时间状语 结果状语 后置定语 images 　　　　　第一个地基望远镜问世将近400年之后，哈勃空间望远镜发射入轨，不仅让宇航员，事实上还让我们所有人，都看见了来自地球之外令人叹为观止的宇宙美景。 6.Nothing in history has allowed us 　　　(see) so much over such great distances，from enormous clouds of gas where stars are being born，___ huge black holes， even to new planets where we might conceivably find life.(P91 Para.3) 结构分析：此句为　　 句。句中的两个where引导的从句均为　　 从句，分别修饰 和 。 汉语翻译：_____________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ to see to and 复合 定语 gas planets 　　　　　它让我们史无前例地看到了如此遥远的景观——从星体诞生的巨大气体云团，到巨型黑洞，甚至到可能会发现生命迹象的新行星。 7.Not only that—it has also helped us to work out the age and nature of the universe， discover the incredible fact that the universe is expanding an ever-increasing speed.(P91 Para.3) 结构分析：此句为　　　句。句中第二个that引导　　　　从句。 汉语翻译：_____________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ and at 复合 同位语 　　　　　不仅如此，它还帮助我们测算宇宙的年龄并分析宇宙的本质，且发现了惊人的事实——宇宙正在以不断增加的速度扩大。 8.　　　 (current)，China operates the world’s largest and ____________ (power) radio telescope，the FAST telescope，completed in 2016.(P92 Para.4) 结构分析：此句为　　 句。the FAST telescope是radio telescope的_____ 语，completed in 2016是过去分词短语作　　　　　。 汉语翻译：_____________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ Currently most powerful 简单 同位 后置定语 　　　　　近来，中国研发了世界最大、功能最强的射电望远镜——FAST望远镜，于2016年建成。 9.The 500-metre dish of the “Eye of Heaven”，as it is known，is being used in the search dark matter，thought to be composed subatomic particles invisible to ordinary telescopes.(P92 Para.4) 结构分析：此句为　　　句。as it is known 为as引导的　　　　　　 从句；thought to be composed...telescopes为过去分词短语作　　　　　，修饰　　　　　 ；invisible to ordinary telescopes为形容词短语作_____ ，修饰 。 汉语翻译：_____________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ for of 复合 非限制性定语 后置定语 dark matter 后置 定语 subatomic particles 　　　　　众所周知，这个被称为“天眼”的500米口径巨盘用于探寻暗物质。暗物质被认为由亚原子粒子组成，普通望远镜是观测不到的。 10.Using ever-larger radio telescopes our eyes，we will one day be able to look back to a time in the very early universe，before the ___________ (exist) of light.(P92 Para.5) 结构分析：此句为　　　句。Using ever-larger...our eyes是现在分词短语作　　　　　。 汉语翻译：_____________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ as existence 简单 方式状语 　　　　　终将有一天，我们会使用更巨大的射电望远镜当作人类之眼，回看在光产生之前的宇宙的最早时期。 Ⅱ.研典句　学用法 It be＋v.-ed＋that... Soon，it was understood that the Sun was just one star among billions in the galaxy we call the Milky Way.(P90－91 Para.2) 很快，我们明白太阳只不过是银河系中数十亿计的恒星中的一个。 结构分析：此句为复合句。it是形式主语，that引导主语从句。we call the Milky Way是省略引导词that/which的定语从句，修饰先行词the galaxy。 • 在It be＋v.-ed＋that...句型中，it为形式主语，that引导的从句是真正 的主语。常用于这种结构的动词有think，believe，report，say， know，suggest，announce等。此句型还可改为Sb＋be＋v.-ed＋to do...。 • it作形式主语的常见句式还有： It be＋n.＋that.../to do... It be＋adj.＋that.../to do... (1)He is believed 　　　(be) the most excellent doctor in the small town. → he is the most excellent doctor in the small town. (2)据说很多交换生将参加即将到来的校园才艺表演。 the upcoming campus talent show. (3)你今天下午四点来接我方便吗？ at four o’clock this afternoon? to be It is believed that It’s said that a large number of exchange students will participate in Would it be convenient for you to pick me up (4)很荣幸能发表演讲，与大家分享我对京剧的看法。 to share with you my opinions on Beijing Opera. It is a great honour to deliver a speech 课文重点词块默写 1.夜空 2.魅力的源头 3.中国考古遗址三星堆 4.看到遥远的星空 5.事实上，实际上 6.肉眼 7.古时的人们 8.对准 ____________ ___________________ ________________________________________ ____________________________________ _________ _____________ _____________________ ____________ the night sky source of fascination the naked eye people in ancient times the Chinese archaeological site at Sanxingdui look across great distances into the stars in reality be angled at 9.银河系 10.算出；理解；制定出；解决；锻炼 11.发现了惊人的事实 12.以越来越快的速度 13.从事，忙于 14.先进的望远镜 15.寻找 16.由……组成 ______________ _________ ________________________ ________________________ _____________ __________________ _______________ _______________ the Milky Way work out discover the incredible fact at an ever-increasing speed be engaged in advanced telescope in the search for be composed of 17.有能力做 18.数十亿光年之外 19.看见更加遥远的太空 20.回顾 21.追求，探索 22.未经勘探 23.奇幻的发现之旅 ___________________ ________________________ ______________________________ _________________ _________ __________________ ____________________________ have the ability to do billions of light years away see further and further into space look back to/on/at quest for 返 回 remain unexplored incredible journey of discovery 本课结束 $$