内容正文:
练案[6] Unit 2 Lessons in life
Section Ⅱ Using language
Ⅰ.用所给词的正确形式填空
1. John was elected (elect)president of the
class.
2. Smoking isnt allowed (not allow)in public
places in China.
3. Oh,my god!Our house was broken (break)
into last night. Look at the footprints on the floor.
4. They can go home as soon as the homework is
finished (finish).
5. The reason why I havent moved into the new flat is
that it is being repaired (repair).
6. Through the Summer Employment Opportunities
program,students are hired (hire)each year
in a variety of summer positions.
7. Before choices are finalised,parents / carers will be
asked (ask) to sign to confirm their childs
choices.
8. My washing machine is being repaired
(repair)this week,so I have to wash my clothes
by hand.
Ⅱ.完成句子
1.他常被派去做这项工作。
He is often sent to do this work.
2.这男孩昨天挨了一顿批评。
The boy was criticized yesterday.
3.他们去年遭遇了自然灾害。
They were hit by a natural disaster last year.
4.历史是人民创造的。
History is made by the people.
5.这首歌是我一个朋友写的。
The song was composed by a friend of mine.
6.这个问题必须予以处理。
This matter must be dealt with .
7.这座桥将在今年年底建成。
The construction of the bridge will be
completed by the end of this year.
8.应该说,情况基本上是健康的。
It should be said that the situation is
basically sound.
9.据报道,敌人当时离那里只有十千米。
It is reported that the enemy were only ten
kilometers away.
10.很明显,这计划应当取消。
It is obvious that the plan should be
canceled .
Ⅲ.将下列主动句转换成被动句
1. The government official told him not to waste time
on fighting for rights.
2. I gave my cousin a toy at Christmas.
3. My brother is cleaning the window.
4. People living nearby have polluted the river in
recent years.
5. They named the boy Johnson.
6. People in the town laugh at Hugh for his fancy
dress.
Ⅳ.语法填空
(2023·高考全国甲卷)
For thousands of years,people have told fables (寓言) 1. (teach)a lesson or to pass on
wisdom. Fables were part of the oral tradition of many early cultures,and the wellknown Aesops fables date
to the 2. (six)century,B. C. . Yet,the form of the fable still has values today,3.
—171—
Rachel Carson says in “A Fable for Tomorrow.”
Carson uses a simple,direct style common to fable. In fact,her style and tone (口吻)are seemingly
directed at children. “There was once a town in the heart of America, 4. all life seemed to enjoy
peaceful existence with its surroundings,”her fable begins,5. (borrow)some familiar words from
many ageold fables. Behind the simple style,however,is a serious message 6. (intend)for
everyone.
7. (difference)from traditional fables,Carsons story ends with an accusation instead of a
moral. She warns of the environmental dangers facing society,and she teaches that people must take
responsibility 8. saving their environment.
The themes of traditional fables often deal with simple truths about everyday life. However,Casons
theme is a more weighty 9. (warn)about environmental destruction. Carson proves that a simple
lyric form that has been passed down through the ages can still 10. (employ)today to draw
attention to important truths.
Ⅴ.完形填空
阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
I went to hunt for a job in a magazine
company. For merely five editing 1. D ,there
were over 300 applicants,and only 50 could
enter the final interview after the written test.
On the day of the 2. C ,I got well dressed
without having breakfast. The company 3. B
us to draw lots to determine the interview
4. C . I was the 23rd. Before me was the 22nd
candidate who was a short and plainlooking
girl wearing light blue 5. A clothes without
using any makeup.
I did not 6. B that two hours had
passed 7. D only 10 candidates had been
interviewed. As I did not have breakfast,my
stomach started to ache. Half an hour later,I
could hardly 8. A my book and large drops
of sweat ran down my forehead.
9. C ,someone patted me on the
shoulder. It was No. 22. 10. B I didnt have
breakfast and that 11. A came to me,she
bought me a bottle of milk and a piece of
bread!I felt considerably 12. D all over my
heart,because I had not 13. C she would be
so nice to help me,her rival,in such a(n)
14. C situation!
Finally,I 15. D among all candidates
and managed to be an editor.
1. A. tasks B. questions
C. courses D. positions
2. A. graduation B. judgment
C. interview D. ceremony
3. A. encouraged B. required
C. persuaded D. taught
4. A. procedure B. rule
C. order D. content
5. A. casual B. dirty
C. cheap D. strange
6. A. agree B. expect
C. doubt D. care
7. A. so B. or
C. and D. but
8. A. focus on B. put out
C. turn down D. take away
9. A. Naturally B. Secretly
C. Suddenly D. Gradually
10. A. Believing B. Knowing
C. Explaining D. Remembering
11. A. stomachache B. headache
C. toothache D. backache
12. A. calm B. proud
C. confident D. warm
13. A. admitted B. meant
C. imagined D. understood
14. A. awkward B. unpleasant
C. special D. dangerous
15. A. turned up B. worked hard
C. fell behind D. stood out
—271—
5. A 推理判断题。通读全文尤其根据第一段以及第二
段第三句可知,这是一篇读后感。故选A。
6. A 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Kite Runner shows
us a real man who is also desperate for others approval,who
may also become timid in the face of challenge,who will
also make big mistakes,just like most of us. (《追风筝的
人》向我们展示了一个真正的男人,他也渴望得到别人
的认可,他也会在挑战面前变得胆怯,他也会犯大错
误,就像我们大多数人一样。)”可知,在这本书中,展现
的主人翁跟我们生活中的大多数人一样。A项(Amir
反映了人性的许多方面)符合题意。故选A。
7. C 词义猜测题。根据倒数第二段中的“Also,cherish
people you love when they are still by your side,for they
may be away for good.”可知,当你爱的人还在你身边的
时候要珍惜他们,因为他们可能会永远离开你。根据
常识可知,每个人的生命都是有限的,总有一天会离开
亲人,所以人们要珍惜还在身边的人。所以只有forever
带入句中符合语境。故选C。
8. B 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“Also,cherish
people you love when they are still by your side,for they
may be away for good.”可知,B项(在失去之前,请珍惜
你所拥有的一切)符合题意。故选B。
Ⅱ. 语篇解读 本文为一篇说明文。文章鼓励人们
练习自我宽恕,并提供了一个简单的写作练习来增强自
信。通过列出个人的优点和善良的行为,人们可以学会
原谅自己的错误,并从中成长。
1. D 根据空前内容“Taking responsibility for mistakes is a
positive step,but dont beat yourself up about them. To err
(犯错)is human. (为错误承担责任是积极的一步,但
不要因此而自责。人孰能无过。)”可知,作者认为人都
会犯错,勇于承担责任固然重要,但是也不要因此而过
于自责。结合空后“You can use the following writing
exercise to help you do this. (你可以使用下面的写作练
习来帮助你做到这一点。)”中的“do this”以及下文内
容可推断,空处应该内容和“不要太自责”相似。选项
D“Its just as important to show yourself some forgiveness.
(宽恕自己也同样重要。)”与“不要太自责”语意相近,
起承上启下的作用。故选D。
2. B 根据空前内容“In a journal or on a piece of paper,
put the heading ‘Personal strengths.’(在日记或纸上写
上‘个人优点。’)”以及空后内容“Are you caring?
Creative?Generous?A good listener?Fun to be around?
They dont have to be worldchanging,just aspects of your
personality that youre proud of. (你有爱心吗?有创造力
吗?你慷慨吗?是一个好的倾听者?与人相处很有趣
吗?它们不一定要改变世界,只要你个性中让你感到
自豪的方面就行。)”可知,空处指的是列出一些你个性
中的优点。选项B“Now list all the characteristics you
like about yourself. (现在列出所有你喜欢的自己身上
的特点。)”符合上下文内容,下文内容具体解释哪些是
优点。故选B。
3. F 根据上文内容“At the top of a second page,put the
heading ‘Acts of kindness.’On this one,list all the
positive things youve done for others. It might be the time
when you helped a friend with their homework,when you
did the ironing without being asked,or when you baked
cookies after the family had had a tiring day. (在第二页
的顶部,写上‘善举’的标题。在这张单子上,列出
你为别人做过的所有积极的事情。它可能是当你帮
助朋友做作业的时候,当你没有被要求却主动熨衣
服的时候,或者当你在家人累了一天之后烤饼干的
时候。)”可知,本段主要讲述的是列出一些自己所
做的好事。选项F“Whatever it is,no matter how small
it might seem,write it down. (不管是什么,不管它看
起来有多小,都要把它写下来。)”与上文内容一致,
讲述的是不管你所做的事情有多小,只要是好的事
情,都记下来。故选F。
4. C 根据空后内容“That way,you could exchange
thoughts on what makes each of you special and the aspects
of your personality that shine through. (这样,你们就可以
交换意见,谈谈是什么让你们每个人都与众不同,以及
你们个性中闪光的方面。)”可知,空处提到了某种方
式,这种方式会使得你和朋友们一起交换意见等。选
项C“They might even like to have a go at doing the
exercise. (他们甚至可能想试一试做练习。)”符合语
境,C项中的“they”与空前的“You could ask a friend or
family member to help add to your list. (你可以让朋友或
家人帮你增加你的列表内容。)”中的“a friend or family
member”保持一致,同时选项C和下文“In fact,dont
wait until youve made a mistake to try this—its a great
way to boost selfconfidence at any time. (事实上,不要等
到你犯了错误才去尝试这个——这是一个在任何时候
都能增强自信的好方法。)”中的“this”一致。故选C。
5. G 根据空前内容“Its something of a cliché (陈词滥调)
that most people learn not from their successes but their
mistakes. The thing is,its true. (大多数人不是从他们
的成功中学习,而是从他们的错误中学习,这是陈词滥
调。但事实是,这是真的。)”可知,作者认为人是从错
误中学习。选项G“Whatever the mistake,remember it
isnt a fixed aspect of your personality. (不管你犯了什么
错误,记住这不是你性格中固定的一面。)”符合语境,G
项中的“isnt a fixed aspect of your personality”和空后内
容“Were all changing and learning all the time and
mistakes are a positive way to develop and grow. (我们一
直在改变和学习,错误是一种积极的发展和成长的方
式。)”保持一致,指的都是犯错并不是性格中固有的一
面,我们是通过错误来成长。故选G。
练案[6]
Ⅰ. 1. was elected 2. isnt allowed 3. was broken 4. is
finished 5. is being repaired 6. are hired 7. will be asked
8. is being repaired
Ⅱ. 1. sent to do 2. was criticized 3. were hit 4. is made
5. was composed 6. be dealt with 7. will be completed
8. It should be said that 9. It is reported that 10. should be
canceled
Ⅲ. 1. He was told (by the government official)not to waste
time on fighting for rights.
2. My cousin was given a toy (by me)at Christmas. / A toy
was given to my cousin (by me)at Christmas.
3. The window is being cleaned by my brother.
4. The river has been polluted in recent years (by people
living nearby).
5. The boy was named Johnson(by them).
6. Hugh is laughed at (by people in the town )for his fancy
dress.
Ⅳ. 语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍
了寓言的形式在今天仍然具有价值。
1. to teach 考查非谓语动词。句意:几千年来,人们通过
讲寓言来传授知识或传授智慧。根据句意可知,此处
表达“来传授知识和智慧”,所以用不定式作目的状语。
故填to teach。
2. sixth 考查数词。句意:寓言是许多古代文化口述传统
的一部分,而著名的伊索寓言可以追溯到公元前6世
纪。century“世纪”前面要用序数词形式。故填sixth。
3. as 考查定语从句。句意:然而,正如雷切尔·卡森在
《明日寓言》中所说,寓言的形式在今天仍然具有价值。
引导非限制性定语从句,且有“正如”之意,用关系代词
as引导。故填as
。
—532—
4. where 考查定语从句。句意:“从前,在美国的中心地
带有一个小镇,那里所有的生命似乎都和周围的环境
一起享受着和平的生活,”她的寓言是这样开头的,借
用了许多古老寓言中的一些熟悉的词。句中先行词为
town,在非限制性定语从句作地点状语,所以用关系副
词where引导。故填where。
5. borrowing 考查非谓语动词。句意:“从前,在美国的中
心地带有一个小镇,那里所有的生命似乎都和周围的
环境一起享受着和平的生活,”她的寓言是这样开头
的,借用了许多古老寓言中的一些熟悉的词。句中已
有谓语动词,所以用非谓语动词形式。逻辑主语her
fable与borrow之间为主动关系,所以用现在分词作状
语。故填borrowing。
6. intended 考查非谓语动词。句意:然而,在简洁的风格
背后,是每个人都想要传达的严肃信息。be intended for
打算为……所用,在句中作定语,所以用过去分词形
式。故填intended。
7. Different 考查形容词。句意:与传统寓言不同,卡森的
故事以一种指责而不是道德结束。be different from
与……不同,所以用形容词作状语。故填Different。
8. for 考查介词。句意:她警告社会面临的环境危险,并
教导人们必须承担起保护环境的责任。 take
responsibility for对……负责。故填for。
9. warning 考查名词。句意:然而,卡森的主题是对环境
破坏的更严重警告。形容词weighty后接名词形式。根
据句中不定冠词a可知,用可数名词的单数形式。故填
warning。
10. be employed 考查语态。句意:卡森证明了一种简单
的抒情形式,已经代代相传,今天仍然可以用来吸引人
们对重要真理的关注。从句主语a simple lyric form与
employ之间为被动关系,所以用被动语态。情态动词
can后接动词原形。故填be employed。
Ⅴ. 语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文。在一次面试中,
因为没有吃早饭,作者的胃病犯了。作者前面的应聘者
给他这个竞争对手送来了“救命草”,帮助了他。
1. D 根据上句中“hunt for a job in a magazine company”以
及本句中的“applicants”可知,这里是说“仅仅有5个编辑
岗位(positions)”。
2. C 根据上文内容“only 50 could enter the final interview
after the written test(只有50人可以通过笔试进入面
试)”可知,接下来的事发生在“面试(interview)那天”。
3. B 根据下文“I was the 23rd.”可知,此处是说杂志社要
求(required)用抽签的方式来决定面试次序(order)。
4. C 参见上题解析。
5. A 根据上文“plainlooking”以及下文中“without using
any makeup”可知,在“我”前面的22号应聘者不加修
饰,穿着休闲(casual)装。
6. B “我”没想到(expect)面试时间如此之长(所以没吃
早饭),时间过去了两个小时,却只轮到10号应聘者
面试。
7. D 此处表示转折,故用but。
8. A 根据上文“我”的胃开始隐隐作痛以及下文中“large
drops of sweat ran down my forehead”可知,半个小时后
“我”已经疼到无法集中精力(focus on)看书。
9. C 突然(Suddenly),有人轻拍“我”的肩膀。
10. B 由下文“she bought me a bottle of milk and a piece of
bread”可知,她知道(Knowing)了“我”胃疼。
11. A 由第8空前的“my stomach started to ache”可知
答案。
12. D 在互为竞争对手的特殊情况下,她竟然给“我”送
来了“救命草”,因此“我”感到心里暖暖的(warm)。
13. C 在互为竞争对手的特殊(special)情况下,她竟然
给“我”送来了“救命草”,这是“我”没有料到
(imagined)的。imagine在此处意为“料想;想到”。
14. C 参见上题解析。
15. D 根据下文“managed to be an editor”可知,“我”从
50名应聘者中脱颖而出(stood out),竞聘成功,成了该
杂志社的一名编辑。
练案[7]
一、语言基础训练
Ⅰ. 1. absurd 2. leaned 3. stroking 4. despair 5. luxury
6. instinctively
Ⅱ. 1. embarrassing 2. was staged 3. where 4. agree
5. in 6. in 7. to 8. to 9. buying 10. on;off / out
Ⅲ. 1. went on the stage 2. burst out 3. in despair 4. all
the time 5. set off 6. to the point
Ⅳ. 1. every / each time they listen to their excuses for
wrong deeds
2. Not my younger brother but I am
3. I only go fishing from time to time / at times
4. is no more moving than the one yesterday
二、培优提升训练
Ⅰ. A
语篇解读 本文首先讲述了Tim Richter和Linda
Richter夫妇是两位教师,在Tim经历了一次生死攸关的
心脏手术后,他们决定在他们退休后加入Imagination
Library去帮助孩子们。接着又介绍了他们在退休后是如
何做的。这让我们大家认识到与其坐着等死不如做点有
意义的事情,让自己活得更充实一些。
1. A 细节理解题。由第一段的最后两句“In April 1998,
he learned he would need a heart operation. It was the kind
of news that led to some serious thinking about lifes
purpose. ”可知是需要做一次心脏手术让他开始思考
生命的目的。
2. B 细节理解题。由第二段中的“‘I thought,maybe
Linda and I could do something like this when we retired,’
Tim recalls. ”可知Tim回忆起那时候的想法,他想等他
和Linda退休后也尝试做些类似的事。
3. D 细节理解题。由第四段中的“The quality of the
books was of great concern to the Richters. . . they went to
Dollywood for a looksee. ”可知Richter夫妇非常关心书
的质量,他们专门去Dollywood实地调查。
4. D 推理判断题。通过Tim的话可知,Tim没有坐在那
里等死,而是让自己在余生忙碌起来,做更有意义的
事。D选项:他认为自己的努力是值得的,符合主旨
大意。
B
语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作
者作为一名风景摄影师,在摄影途中发生的一些所见
所闻。
5. B 细节理解题。通过文章第二段“I tend to travel with
a few of my friends to state parks or to the countryside to go
on adventures and take photos along the way. (我倾向于
和几个朋友一起去州立公园或乡村探险,沿途拍照。)”
可知,作为一名中西部的风景摄影师,作者应对挑战的
方式是去乡村或州立公园拍摄。故选B。
6. A 推理判断题。通过文章最后一段“Still,looking
back on the photos,they are some of my best shots though
they could have been so much better if I would have been
prepared and managed my time wisely. (尽管如此,回顾
这些照片,它们仍然是我最好的一些照片,尽管如果我
能明智地准备和管理我的时间,它们本可以拍得更
好。)”可推知,作者认为,风景摄影成功的关键是适当
的时间管理。故选A。
7. C 推理判断题。通过文章最后一段“However,we did
not mark the route (路线)so we ended up almost missing
the sunset entirely. (然而,我们没有标出路线,所以我们
几乎完全错过了日落。)”可推知,
作者在与朋友的魔鬼
—632—