热点06 神舟十九与中国航空航天-2025年中考英语【热点·重点·难点】专练（安徽专用）

热点06 神舟十九与中国航空航天 神舟十九号任务是中国载人航天工程进入空间站应用与发展阶段的重要里程碑，其成果与技术创新不仅巩固了我国在太空探索领域的国际地位，也为未来深空探测奠定了坚实基础。神舟十九号返回时携带的86项实验样本（如果蝇基因数据、月壤砖样本等）将成为后续研究的关键素材。中国航天已形成“载人航天—深空探测—卫星应用”的完整体系，其发展路径体现三大战略导向： 技术自主化：从火箭发动机（如YF-75D氢氧发动机）到星载芯片全面国产化； 应用场景拓展：太空制造、能源转化等技术向民用领域渗透； 国际合作深化：通过空间站平台推动全球科学资源共享。 从神舟一号到十九号，中国航天用25年完成从“跟跑”到“领跑”的跨越。神舟十九号任务既是空间站常态化运营的成熟标志，也是迈向月球基地与火星探测的新起点，其技术积累与科学成果将持续赋能国家综合实力提升。 （建议用时：40分钟） 一、单项选择 1．（24-25九年级上·江苏镇江·期中）Shenzhou-19 went into space ________ the morning of 30, October, 2024. A．in B．on C．at D．by 【答案】B 【详解】句意：2024年10月30日早晨，神舟19号飞向太空。 考查介词辨析。in后跟年、月、季节等大的时间/泛指的上午、下午或晚上；on后跟具体某一天/具体某一天的上午、下午或晚上；at后跟具体时刻；by截止到。根据“the morning of October 26th, 2023.”可知，此处是具体的一天的上午，用介词on。故选B。 2．（2025·江苏扬州·一模）________ that the astronauts of Shenzhou-18 manned spaceship entered China’s space station early on April 26, 2024. A．What a success B．What success C．How a success D．How success 【答案】A 【详解】句意：神舟十八号载人飞船的宇航员于2024年4月26日凌晨成功进入中国空间站，多么成功啊！ 考查感叹句用法。感叹句常见结构为“What+ (a/an)+形容词+名词+主语+谓语！”和“How+形容词/副词+主语+谓语！”。本题中“success”为可数名词单数（指具体成功事件），需用“What a success”结构。故选A。 3．（24-25九年级下·广东深圳·开学考试）—Do you know why zebrafish are ______ to Shenzhou-18? —They have ______ like small size and short development cycle. A．take, stages B．taken, advantages C．taking, messages D．to take, preference 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你知道为什么要把斑马鱼带到神舟十八号上去吗？——它们具有体积小、培育周期短等优点。 考查动词和名词。stages阶段；advantages优势；messages信息；preference偏好。结合空前的are，此处第一空填“taken”表示“被带到”，构成被动语态结构；结合“They have...like small size and short development cycle.”可知，这些应是它们的优势，故选B。 4．（24-25九年级上·云南普洱·期末）—Frank, could you tell me ______? —Of course. On October 30th, 2024. A．when was Shenzhou-19 sent up B．where Shenzhou-19 was sent up C．when Shenzhou-19 was sent up D．where was Shenzhou-19 sent up 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——弗兰克，你能告诉我神舟十九号是什么时候发射的吗？——当然可以。在2024年10月30号。 考查宾语从句用法。由“could you tell me”可知，此空是宾语从句，宾语从句应用陈述句语序；根据答语“On October 30th, 2024.”可知，问句询问的是时间。故选C。 5．（24-25九年级上·北京西城·期末）We are going to visit Shenzhou-18 ________ Thursday morning. A．in B．on C．at D．to 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我们将于周四上午参观神舟十八号。 考查介词辨析。in在某年某月某季节；on在某一天或某一天的早中晚；at在某时刻；to到。空后是具体某一天的上午，用介词on。故选B。 6．（24-25九年级上·江苏泰州·期中）—Good news! The spacecraft Shenzhou IX was successfully sent into space. —Scientists tried their best to pay attention to every detail. To them, ________. A．it never rains but it pours B．a friend in need is a friend indeed C．a miss is as good as a mile D．the grass is always greener on the other side 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——好消息！神舟九号飞船成功发射升空。——科学家们尽力注意每一个细节。对他们来说，失之毫厘，谬以千里。 考查谚语。it never rains but it pours祸不单行；a friend in need is a friend indeed患难见真情；a miss is as good as a mile失之毫厘，谬以千里；the grass is always greener on the other side这山望着那山高。根据“Scientists tried their best to pay attention to every detail”可知，科学家们尽力注意每一个细节，所以对他们来说，失之毫厘，谬以千里。故选C。 二、完形填空 （2025·黑龙江大庆·一模）Zhu Yangzhu is the spaceflight engineer for the Shenzhou-16 task. He has loved the blue sky and flying 1 he was a boy. When he was a middle school student, Zhu often did physical exercises about flying. Because of his 2 grades, Zhu could enter the College of Aerospace (航空航天) Science and Engineering in Changsha in the summer of 2005. And he 3 there for the following years. During studying, Zhu made great 4 and finished his school life from the university with a doctor’s degree. In the summer of 2018, Zhu heard about the news about China’s astronauts. He 5 to have a try to become an astronaut. In September 2020, Zhu was 6 chosen as one of the country’s third group of astronauts, including six other flight engineers. However, for an engineer who had no air flight 7 , the astronaut training tasks presented a real test. For example, astronauts had to 8 for three days and three nights in a closed room , during which they had to do many tests on a computer. That 9 a lot of hard work. He not only completed the hard training himself, but also played a(n) 10 role in relaxing the team and helping others in his team. Last year, all his hard work paid off when he was chosen to carry out the Shenzhou-16 task. 1．A．unless B．since C．because D．though 2．A．low B．rich C．bad D．high 3．A．taught B．volunteered C．remained D．toured 4．A．progress B．change C．development D．wealth 5．A．decided B．refused C．agreed D．continued 6．A．slowly B．finally C．quietly D．simply 7．A．achievement B．feeling C．ability D．experience 8．A．pay back B．lie down C．stay up D．hang out 9．A．wasted B．saved C．advised D．required 10．A．dangerous B．important C．friendly D．lovely 【答案】 1．B 2．D 3．C 4．A 5．A 6．B 7．D 8．C 9．D 10．B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述航天工程师朱杨柱从少年梦想、大学深造到成为神舟十六号任务航天员的成长历程，突出其坚持不懈的精神品质。 1．句意：朱杨柱自少年时期就热爱蓝天和飞行。 unless除非；since自……以来；because因为；though尽管。根据“He has loved the blue sky and flying...he was a boy.”可知，为since引导的时间状语从句，从句为一般过去时，主句为现在完成时。故选B。 2．句意：由于他的成绩高，2005年夏天，朱杨柱进入了长沙航空航天科学与工程学院学习。 low低的；rich富裕的；bad差的；high高的。根据“Zhu could enter the College of Aerospace (航空航天) Science and Engineering in Changsha”可推测，他成绩高才会进入长沙航空航天科学与工程学院学习，故选D。 3．句意：此后几年，他一直留在那里。 taught教；volunteered做志愿者；remained留下；toured旅行。根据下文“finished his school life from the university with a doctor’s degree”可知，他一直留在那里，直到博士毕业。故选C。 4．句意：在学习期间，朱取得了很大进步，并以博士学位结束了大学生活。 progress进步；change改变；development发展；wealth财富。根据“Zhu made great...”可知，此处表达他取得巨大进步，故选A。 5．句意：他决定尝试成为一名宇航员。 decided决定；refused拒绝；agreed同意；continued继续。根据下文“as one of the country’s third group of astronauts”可知，他最终成为了宇航员之一，因此此处表达他决定当一名宇航员。故选A。 6．句意：2020年9月，朱最终入选中国第三批航天员，其中包括另外6名飞行工程师。 slowly慢慢地；finally最终；quietly安静地；simply简单地。根据“In September 2020, Zhu was...chosen as one of the country’s third group of astronauts”可知，经过努力后，他最终入选。故选B。 7．句意：然而，对于一个没有空中飞行经验的工程师来说，宇航员的训练任务是一个真正的考验。 achievement成就；feeling感受；ability能力；experience经验。根据“for an engineer who had no air flight..., the astronaut training tasks presented a real test.”可知，他没有飞行经验，所以面临考验。故选D。 8．句意：例如，宇航员必须在一个封闭的房间里熬夜三天三夜，在此期间，他们必须在计算机上进行许多测试。 pay back偿还；lie down躺下来；stay up熬夜；hang out出去玩。根据“astronauts had to...for three days and three nights, during which they had to do many tests on a computer”可知，此处在描述宇航员的艰苦训练，要在房间里熬夜三天三夜。故选C。 9．句意：这需要付出大量的努力。 wasted浪费；saved节约；advised建议；required需要。根据“That...a lot of hard work.”可知，此处表达需要付出大量努力。故选D。 10．句意：他不仅自己完成了艰苦的训练，还在团队中起到了放松身心、帮助他人的重要作用。 dangerous危险的；important重要的；friendly友好的；lovely可爱的。根据“ played a(n)...role in relaxing the team and helping others in his team.”可知，此处表达他在团队中的重要性，故选B。 （24-25八年级上·广东深圳·期末）Not many little girls grow up to be rocket engineers. Even fewer have a 1 to go into space. But Wang Haoze did both. As a student, Wang worked hard at school and did well in almost everything. In 2008, she studied at Southeast University. There, she 2 to shine, not only as the best student but also as a good runner. As a top student, Wang could 3 new research (研究) areas. It could be exciting but it wasn’t always 4 . Wang once complained (抱怨) about the difficulties. Her teacher, Gu Fan, gave her some 5 : Always do your best, even when you don’t enjoy it. If you don’t, when you finally find something you love, you might not know how to give your best. Wang kept these words in mind. She kept breaking into unknown spaces. Later, she found her 6 for space science. She began working as a rocket engine designer. Wang learned a lot and 7 solving problems. In just a few months, she designed a great new product 8 . In May 2018, China began training its third generation of astronauts. Wang jumped at the chance and joined in the tests. Thanks to her 9 body and mind, she stood out from 2,500 people. During her training, she faced one difficulty after another, but she never thought of giving up (放弃). On October 30, Wang flew into space aboard the Shenzhou-19 spaceship. Now, in her “new space” — the Tiangong space station — she 10 all the unknowns and difficulties! 1．A．question B．chance C．holiday D．reason 2．A．decided B．began C．continued D．wanted 3．A．explore B．describe C．leave D．protect 4．A．good B．busy C．easy D．popular 5．A．articles B．skills C．money D．advice 6．A．love B．time C．respect D．memory 7．A．stopped B．enjoyed C．minded D．remembered 8．A．confidently B．luckily C．carefully D．successfully 9．A．soft B．natural C．strong D．young 10．A．gets ready for B．looks out for C．runs away from D．comes along with 【答案】 1．B 2．C 3．A 4．C 5．D 6．A 7．B 8．D 9．C 10．A 【导语】本文主要讲述了王浩泽的故事。她努力学习，不仅在学校表现优异，在太空领域也表现得很优秀。 1．句意：甚至更少的人有机会进入太空。 question问题；chance机会；holiday假期；reason原因。根据前文“ Not many little girls grow up to be rocket engineers. ”可知，此处是表达有更少的人有机会进入太空。故选B。 2．句意：在那里，不仅作为一名优秀学生而且作为一名优秀的跑步者，她继续发光。 decided决定；began开始；continued继续；wanted想要。根据前文“As a student, Wang worked hard at school and did well in almost everything.”可知，她很优秀。所以此处应该是表达她继续发光。故选C。 3．句意：作为一个尖子生，王可以探索新的研究领域。 explore探索；describe描述；leave离开；protect保护。根据“As a top student, Wang could…new research (研究) areas.”可知，此处是表达作为一个尖子生，王可以探索新的研究领域。故选A。 4．句意：它可能令人兴奋，但并不总是容易的。 good好的；busy忙的；easy容易的；popular受欢迎的。根据“It could be exciting but it wasn’t always …”可知，此处是表达它可能令人兴奋，但并不总是容易的。故选C。 5．句意：她的老师古凡给了她一些建议。 articles文章；skills技能；money钱；advice建议。根据后文“Always do your best, even when you don’t enjoy it.”可知，此处是表达她的老师给了她一些建议。故选D。 6．句意：后来，她发现了自己对太空科学的热爱。 love爱；time时间；respect尊重；memory记忆。根据后文“She began working as a rocket engine designer.”可知，此处是表达她发现了自己对太空科学的热爱。故选A。 7．句意：王学到了很多，并且喜欢解决问题。 stopped停止；enjoyed喜欢；minded介意；remembered记得。根据“Wang learned a lot and … solving problems.”可知，此处是表达喜欢解决问题。故选B。 8．句意：在短短几个月，她成功地设计了一个伟大的新产品。 confidently自信地；luckily幸运地；carefully小心地；successfully成功地。根据“In just a few months, she designed a great new product …”可知，此处是表达成功地设计了一个伟大的新产品。故选D。 9．句意：多亏了她强壮的身体和头脑，她从900人中脱颖而出。 soft软的；natural自然的；strong强壮的；young年轻的。根据“Thanks to her … body and mind, she stood out from 2,500 people.”可知，此处是表达强壮的身体和头脑。故选C。 10．句意：现在，在她的“新空间”——天宫空间站——她为所有的未知事物和困难做好了准备! gets ready for准备好；looks out for留心；runs away from逃跑；comes along with一起来。根据“she … all the unknowns and difficulties!”可知，此处是表达为所有的未知事物和困难做好了准备。故选A。 三、阅读理解 （24-25九年级下·河北秦皇岛·阶段练习）The “Post-80s crew (工作人员)” of Shenzhou-18, Ye Guangfu, Li Cong, and Li Guangsu, met the media and public at the China Astronaut Research and Training Center, on January 8th, 2025, over 60 days after their space journey. They shared their unforgettable experiences in space. Ye Guangfu has been to the space station twice. He described his return as “three changes”—feeling more at home, enjoying a better environment with more tasks, and taking on greater responsibilities as a leader. During the mission (重要任务), the Shenzhou-18 crew met with the Shenzhou-17 and Shenzhou-19 crews twice in space. This showed how China’s space program passes on from one group to another. Li Cong felt a strong sense of r when he got the “baton (指挥棒)” from the Shenzhou-17. The crew stayed in space for 192 days, had a “smooth” mission, and now, they’re ready for regular training. 1．Which is NOT mentioned when Ye Guangfu described “three changes”? A．Feeling more at home. B．Enjoying a more beautiful view of space. C．Enjoying a better environment with more tasks. D．Taking on greater responsibilities as a leader. 2．How long did the Shenzhou-18 crew stay in space? A．60 days. B．170 days. C．192 days. D．200 days. 3．What is the proper word in the sentence “Li Cong felt a strong sense of r when he got the ‘baton’ from the Shenzhou-17”? A．Relaxation. B．Responsibility. C．Risk. D．Regret. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．B 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。主要讲述了神舟十八号乘组在太空任务结束后的媒体见面会上分享的太空经历。 1．细节理解题。根据“Ye Guangfu has been to the space station twice. He described his return as ‘three changes’—feeling more at home, enjoying a better environment with more tasks, and taking on greater responsibilities as a leader.”可知，叶光富的“三变”中并未提到享受更美的太空景色。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据“The crew stayed in space for 192 days, had a ‘smooth’ mission, and now, they’re ready for regular training.”可知，神舟十八号乘组在太空中停留了192天。故选C。 3．词句猜测题。根据“when he got the ‘baton’ from the Shenzhou-17.”可知，李聪从神舟十七号手中接过“指挥棒”时，感到一种强烈的责任感，因为接过指挥棒意味着承担更多的责任。最适合填入的单词是Responsibility。故选B。 （24-25九年级上·江苏扬州·期末）Early on Wednesday morning, a big rocket called Long March-2FY19 took off from Jiuquan in Northwest China. It carried three astronauts on a trip to the China Space Station. After about 10 minutes, the Shenzhou-19 spacecraft separated from the rocket and entered its designated orbit (轨道) . This meant the launch was a success! The China Space Station will welcome the new Shenzhou-19 crew (机组人员), led by experienced astronaut Cai Xuzhe and newcomers Song Lingdong and female astronaut Wang Haoze, about 6.5 hours after takeoff. Commander (指令长) Cai is going back to space just 22 months after his last trip, which is a record for the shortest time between missions(使命, 任务) in the history of Chinese astronauts. Song and Wang, both born in 1990, are on their first space mission. Wang is also China’s first female spaceflight engineer. This is the fourth time that astronauts have flown to the space station to work and do experiments, and it’s the 33rd mission in China’s manned space program. The main tasks include switching (交换) crews with the Shenzhou-18 astronauts, staying on the station for six months, doing space experiments, going outside the spacecraft and so on. After launch, Shenzhou-19 will connect to the Tianhe module of the space station about 6.5 hours later. They will come back to Earth in late April or early May. For this mission, the developers made the Shenzhou-19 spacecraft better by improving its design, so it can carry more supplies  (供给). This helps the astronauts and makes the space station work more effectively. 1．What does the underlined word “designated” mean in the second paragraph? A．planned B．named C．changed D．common 2．What is Wang Haoze’s special achievement? A．She is the youngest of the crew. B．She is the first female spaceman. C．She has flown to the space station four times. D．She is China’s first female spaceflight engineer. 3．What can we infer from the passage? A．Shenzhou-19 carried three astronauts on a trip to the China Space Station. B．Cai Xuzhe is on his first space mission. C．Shenzhou-19 separated from the rocket after 20 minutes. D．Improvements in the spacecraft design are helpful to the astronauts and their work. 4．Which of the following can be the best title for the passage? A．A Successful Launch of Shenzhou-19 B．The Main Tasks of Shenzhou-19 Crew C．The History of China’s Space Exploration D．The Development of China’s Space Technology 【答案】1．A 2．D 3．D 4．A 【导语】本文介绍了神舟十九号飞船的成功发射以及本次任务的相关信息。 1．词句猜测题。根据“After about 10 minutes, the Shenzhou-19 spacecraft separated from the rocket and entered its designated orbit”可知，神舟十九号飞船与火箭分离，进入预定轨道。因此“designated”与“planned”词义相近。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据“Wang is also China’s first female spaceflight engineer.”可知，她是中国第一位女航天工程师。故选D。 3．细节理解题。根据“For this mission, the developers made the Shenzhou-19 spacecraft better by improving its design, so it can carry more supplies.”可知，宇宙飞船设计的改进使它能携带更多的补给。故选D。 4．最佳标题题。通读全文内容可知，本文介绍了中国神舟十九号载人宇宙飞船以及宇航员的任务等情况。选项A“神舟十九号成功发射”适合作为本文的标题。故选A。 （24-25九年级上·山东德州·期末） Yan Zihan, 14, Shenzhen I have been curious about the universe since I was a child. I want to know more. Shi Yaoxin, 28, Beijing I am a rocket designer at the China Aerospace Science and Technology Corporation. Yan: What do you do as a rocket designer? Shi: My job has two parts: One is working at the Beijing headquarters and the other is carrying out launch missions at the launch site. In Beijing, I need to read materials related to rocket design and come up with structural design solutions. When doing launch missions (发射任务) at the launch site, I need to follow the steps to make sure that the product meets the design needs. Yan: How many times have you taken part in China’s manned space missions? Shi: In 2021, I started to be a rocket designer. I have taken part in three launch missions. In the Shenzhou XIV mission, for example, I did part of the final rocket check work. In the Shenzhou XVI mission, I saw the first Chinese civilian travel to space. Yan: What’s the most important quality for a rocket designer? Shi: I think that is a safety net mentality (安全底线思维). In the world of rocket making, being very careful is really important. So we always have a plan B．When people are going up into space in rockets, we can’t make any mistakes because we can’t put peoples lives in danger. It’s a job where we have to be perfect all the time. Yan: How do you make a balance between work and life? Shi: Although the high pressure at work, laughter and joy still always fill our offices. On weekends, I enjoy mountain climbing with friends. And many designers like to do sports, such as playing basketball or tennis after work. Yan: How did you get this job? Shi: I studied aeronautical engineering in college. I got this job through campus recruitment (招聘). You can also apply for the job by sending in your resume on the official websites of aerospace companies. 1．What do rocket designers usually do? A．They always work at the Beijing headquarters. B．They need to learn more related to rocket design. C．They only need to follow others ideas to solve the problems. D．Everyone needs to carry out launch missions at the launch site. 2．What do you think of rocket designers? A．They must be careful without any mistakes. B．Everyone has to be perfect all the time. C．They often have fun while they are working. D．Their daily lives are full of high pressure. 3．What’s the meaning of the underlined word “resume” in the last paragraph? A．职业 B．职能 C．简历 D．学历 4．Why does Yan Zihan make this interview? A．Because she wants to know more about the universe. B．Because she needs to finish her homework. C．Because she wants to be a rocket designer. D．Because she has the quality of being the rocket designer. 5．Where is the passage probably from? A．A diary. B．A newspaper. C．A novel. D．A play. 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．C 4．A 5．B 【导语】本文是一篇应用文，主要是来自深圳的Yan Zihan和火箭设计师Shi Yaoxin之间的对话。 1．细节理解题。根据“In Beijing, I need to read materials related to rocket design...”可知，他们需要学习更多与火箭设计相关的知识。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据“we can’t make any mistakes because we can’t put peoples lives in danger. It’s a job where we have to be perfect all the time.”可知，火箭设计师需要一直谨慎认真，不容许犯任何错误。故选A。 3．词句猜测题。根据“I got this job through campus recruitment (招聘). You can also apply for the job by sending in your resume on the official websites of aerospace companies.”可知，此处指递交简历，应聘工作，划线部分单词表示“简历”。故选C。 4．推理判断题。根据“I have been curious about the universe since I was a child. I want to know more.”可知，因为她想要了解更多关于宇宙的知识。故选A。 5．推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文是Yan Zihan和火箭设计师Shi Yaoxin之间的对话，所以最可能来源于报纸。故选B。 （23-24九年级上·山东日照·期中）The Shenzhou XV workers returned to Earth on June 4th, 2023 after a six-month task that watched the completion of the Tiangong space station. They all “felt pretty good” after landing on the ground. Deng Qingming, who realized his space dream through this task, was one of them. The name of Deng, 56 years old, wasn’t known by many people until China launched (发射) the Shenzhou XII spaceship. The story of Deng who relentlessly followed his space dream despite serving as a backup (后援) for years moved many people. Born in a farming family in Jiangxi Province, Deng joined the PLA Air Force in June 1984 and started training as a pilot at a flight college in Hebei Province. After graduating in November 1987, the young pilot began working at a fighter jet regiment (喷气机队) in Jilin Province. In 1996, Deng was finally chosen as an astronaut candidate (候选人) with another 13 pilots. They became the first members of the PLA Astronaut Division in January 1998. In the following years, Deng spent almost all of his time training and spared no effort to find a chance to fly into space. He was a backup crew member for the Shenzhou IX, X, XI and XIII missions. “Being a backup doesn’t mean you don’t need to work. I must watch closely in the control center and offer all I know about the mission and the spacecraft in case of an emergency (突发事件),” Deng said. “Only when the crew returns to the Earth will my mission be completed.” No matter how difficult the road to space flight was, Deng never once thought of giving up. “Whether it is a crew or a backup, it is a job. And the success of the mission comes before my personal wishes,” Deng once said. 1．Which helped Deng realize his dream? A．Shenzhou IX. B．Shenzhou XI. C．Shenzhou XII. D．Shenzhou XV. 2．What does the underlined word “relentlessly” mean? A．不停地 B．成功地 C．急切地 D．繁忙地 3．Which sentence in the passage shows that Deng is responsible (有责任心)? A．I must watch closely in the control center and offer … B．In 1996, Deng was finally chosen as an astronaut candidate … C．In the following years, Deng spent almost all of his time training … D．Deng Qingming, who realized his space dream through this task … 4．What is the best title for the passage? A．Chinese Space Develops Smoothly B．“Stay-at-home” Astronaut’s Dream Came True C．Astronauts’ Mission Changes in Space D．Astronauts’ Hard Training Happens All the Time 【答案】1．D 2．A 3．A 4．B 【导语】本文讲述了邓清明坚持不懈地追求他的太空梦想，最终梦想成真的故事。 1．细节理解题。根据“The Shenzhou XV workers returned to Earth on June 4th, 2023 after a six-month task that watched the completion of the Tiangong space station.”可知，神舟15号帮助他实现了他的梦想。故选D。 2．词句猜测题。根据“despite serving as a backup (后援) for years moved many people”可知，划线单词的意思是“不停地”。故选A。 3．推理判断题。根据“Being a backup doesn’t mean you don’t need to work. I must watch closely in the control center and offer all I know about the mission and the spacecraft in case of an emergency (突发事件)”可知，他是一位十分有责任心的宇航员。故选A。 4．最佳标题题。通读全文可知，本文讲述了邓清明坚持不懈地追求他的太空梦想，最终梦想成真的故事。因此最佳标题是“‘待在家里’的宇航员梦想实现了”。故选B。 （23-24八年级上·河南安阳·期中）China has four satellite launch bases (卫星发射基地). They are Jiuquan in Gansu, Xichang in Sichuan, Taiyuan in Shanxi and Wenchang in Haina. Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center which was founded (建立) in 1958 is one of the four famous satellite launch bases in China. The center has created eight proud firsts for China’s space industry. On April 21, 1970, China’s first man-made earth satellite was raised there. The Long March 2F rocket carrying the Shenzhou XII manned spacecraft blasted off (发射) from Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center in June, 2021. Xichang Satellite Launch Center, also known as Xichang Satellite City, was founded in 1970. After years of development, the center has thousands of sets of excellent equipment (设备). It is known as the “Oriental Houston (东方休斯顿)”. Taiyuan Satellite Launch Center was founded in 1967. The center has launched China’s first weather satellite “Fengyun-1”, making nine firsts in the history of China’s satellite launches. Wenchang Space Launch Center (founded in 2009) is now the fourth satellite launch center of China. Because it is only 19 degrees away from the equator (赤道), more rocket loads (负载) are possible, making it the center of China’s space development in the future. 1．How many satellite launch bases are there in China according to the passage? A．There are three. B．There are four. C．There are five. D．There are six. 2．What does the underlined words “manned spacecraft” mean in Chinese? A．载人飞船 B．宇宙空间站 C．航空航天器 D．人造地球卫星 3．Which center is known as the “Oriental Houston”? A．Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center. B．Xichang Satellite Launch Center. C．Taiyuan Satellite Launch Center. D．Wenhang Space Launch Center. 4．Choose the order of the foundation (成立) time of the four centers according to the following. ①Jiuquan   ②Xichang   ③Taiyuan   ④Wenchang A．①②③④ B．③①④② C．③④②① D．①③②④ 5．Which of the following is NOT right? A．The center of Taiyuan has made nine firsts since 1967. B．The Shenzhou XⅡ manned spacecraft blasted off in June, 2021. C．The center of Jiuquan has created eight proud firsts since 1968. D．The center of Wenchang will be the center of China’s space development. 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．B 4．D 5．C 【导语】本文主要介绍了中国四个卫星发射基地。 1．细节理解题。根据“China has four satellite launch bases (卫星发射基地).”可知，文中提到的卫星发射基地有四个。故选B。 2．词义猜测题。根据“The Long March 2F rocket carrying the Shenzhou XII manned spacecraft blasted off from Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center in June, 2021.”可知，长征二号F火箭携带神舟十二号载人飞船在酒泉卫星发射中心发射，manned spacecraft表示“载人飞船”。故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据“Xichang Satellite Launch Center...It is known as the ‘Oriental Houston’.”可知，西昌卫星发射基地被称为“东方休斯顿”。故选B。 4．细节理解题。根据“Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center which was founded in 1958 is one of the four famous satellite launch bases in China.”和“Xichang Satellite Launch Center, also known as Xichang Satellite City, was founded in 1970.”和“Taiyuan Satellite Launch Center was founded in 1967.”和“Wenchang Space Launch Center (founded in 2009) is now the fourth satellite launch center of China.”可知，酒泉卫星发射基地始建于1958年；西昌卫星发射基地始建于1970年；太原卫星发射基地始建于1967年；文昌卫星发射基地始建于2009年，可知①酒泉卫星发射基地第一个建成，③太原卫星发射基地第二个建成，②西昌卫星发射基地第三个建成，④文昌卫星发射基地第四个建成，即①③②④。故选D。 5．细节理解题。根据“Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center which was founded (建立) in 1958 is one of the four famous satellite launch bases in China. The center has created eight proud firsts for China’s space industry..”可知，酒泉卫星发射中心是1958年成立的，而不是1968年，故选C。 （2025·甘肃定西·模拟预测）On October 30, 2024, China successfully launched (发射) the Shenzhou-19 spacecraft to the Tiangong Space Station. Three taikonauts (中国航天员)—Cai Xuzhe, Song Lingdong and Wang Haoze—will stay in space for six months to complete their mission.   Cai Xuzhe is the commander (指挥官). He had been to space in 2022. Wang Haoze, the only female astronaut, will be responsible for some scientific experiments. Song Lingdong, the youngest engineer of them, will test new space technologies.   Life in space is challenging but exciting. Because of micro-gravity (微重力), they often float in the station. They exercise two hours daily to stay healthy. They will also grow vegetables and study how light affects plant growth in space.   During their mission, they will went outside the capsule three times to carry out a number of experiments and collect space environment data (数据). They will even give a live science class to students on the Earth, showing how water forms floating balls in micro-gravity.   They will fly back in April or May 2020. Before returning to the Earth, they will clean the station and prepare it for the next crew. Their work will help China’s plan to build a moon base in the future.   阅读以上材料，选择正确答案。 1．How long will the Shenzhou-19 mission last? A．3 months. B．6 months. C．1 year. D．2 weeks. 2．What will Wang Haoze mainly do in space? A．Test new technologies. B．Cooke food for the crew. C．Does scientific experiments. D．Repairs the satellite. 3．Why do the taikonauts exercise every day? A．To stay healthy. B．To grow plants. C．To take photos. D．To study light. 4．The underline word “live” (Paragraph 4) means ________. A．居住 B．活着的 C．实况地 D．现场直播的 5．What is the main purpose of this passage? A．To explain how to become an astronaut. B．To describe the Shenzhou-19 mission. C．To discuss the history of space stations. D．To teach students about plant growth. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．A 4．D 5．B 【导语】本文介绍了神舟十九号任务的细节，包括航天员职责、太空生活及科学实验，最后提及任务对中国未来月球基地计划的贡献。 1．细节理解题。根据第1段“Three taikonauts (中国航天员)—Cai Xuzhe, Song Lingdong and Wang Haoze—will stay in space for six months to complete their mission.”可知，神舟十九号任务将持续6个月，故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据第2段“Wang Haoze, the only female astronaut, will be responsible for some scientific experiments.”可知，王浩泽主要负责一些科学实验，故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据第3段“Life in space is challenging but exciting. Because of micro-gravity (微重力), they often float in the station. They exercise two hours daily to stay healthy.”可知，航天员每天锻炼是为了保持健康，故选A。 4．词句猜测题。根据第4段“They will even give a live science class to students on the Earth, showing how water forms floating balls in micro gravity.”可推测，他们将给地球上的学生进行科学课直播，展示水在微重力下如何形成浮球，live此处意为“现场直播的”，故选D。 5．主旨大意题。文章主要介绍了神舟十九号飞船的发射、航天员任务、太空生活等内容，主要目的是描述神舟十九号任务，故选B。 四、任务型阅读 （2025·安徽·模拟预测）Cleaning Up Earth’s Orbit: The Space Debris Challenge Earth’s orbit is cluttered with over 23,000 pieces of debris larger than 10 centimeters, posing collision risks to satellites and spacecraft. In 2024, the European Space Agency (ESA) successfully tested the “ClearSpace-1” mission, which uses a robotic arm to capture defunct satellites. The technology is capable of removing 500 kg of debris per mission. China’s Tiangong space station employs laser-based detection systems to avoid collisions. Meanwhile, SpaceX developed Starshield, a network of satellites designed to monitor debris and assist in orbital cleanup. “Space sustainability is critical for future exploration,” stated NASA Administrator Bill Nelson. The United Nations Committee on the Peaceful Uses of Outer Space is drafting an international treaty to regulate debris management. Violators could face fines up to $100 million. 1．How many large debris pieces are in Earth’s orbit? (No more than 5 words) 2．What technology does ClearSpace-1 use? (No more than 3 words) 3．What is the maximum fine for debris management violations? (No more than 5 words) 【答案】1．Over 23,000 pieces. 2．Robotic arm. 3．$100 million. 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了地球轨道上的太空垃圾问题以及各国为清理太空垃圾所采取的技术和措施。 1．根据文章第1段“Earth’s orbit is cluttered with over 23,000 pieces of debris larger than 10 centimeters”可知，地球轨道上有超过23,000块大型太空垃圾。故填Over 23,000 pieces. 2．根据文章第1段“the ‘ClearSpace-1’ mission, which uses a robotic arm to capture defunct satellites”可知，ClearSpace-1任务使用的是机械臂技术。故填Robotic arm. 3．根据文章第3段“Violators could face fines up to $100 million.”可知，违反太空垃圾管理规定的最高罚款为1亿美元。故填$100 million. 五、书面表达 1．随着天宫空间站的建设，学校掀起了一阵航天热。假如你是Allen，你班同学也在热议并遐想未来能进入空间站旅行。你班将举办一次主题为“My Trip to Tiangong Space Station”的英语演讲比赛。请你根据下图提示，发挥想象谈一下你的太空站之旅。 注意： 1. 短文须包含上图所有信息，可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； 2. 不得在作文中出现学校的真实名称和学生的真实姓名； 3. 词数不少于80。 My Trip to Tiangong Space Station I dream of travelling to space. Now I’ve got a chance to make my dream come true. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】例文 My Trip to Tiangong Space Station I dream of travelling to space. Now I’ve got a chance to make my dream come true. Next month, I’m going to take a trip to Tiangong Space Station with some of my classmates to learn more about space life. It will take about 6 hours by rocket. It will be fast and exciting. After I get into the space station, I’m going to give some presents to the astronauts first. Then I’m going to have dinner with the astronauts and try space food. It must be delicious. After that, I’m going to visit the space station and take photos of the astronauts’ daily life on the space station. All in all, it will be a wonderful trip. I can’t wait to start my trip. 【详解】[总体分析] ①题材：本文是一篇演讲稿； ②时态：本文以“一般将来时”为主； ③提示：根据图片提示内容完成写作，不得遗漏信息，可适当增加细节，并突出写作重点。 [写作步骤] 第一步，开篇点题（已给出）； 第二步，根据所给要点，依次描述去空间站的时间、目的、同行人员、具体活动等； 第三步，最后表达自己的感受。 [亮点词汇] ①learn about 了解 ②get into 进入 ③take photos 拍照 [高分句型] ①Next month, I’m going to take a trip to Tiangong Space Station with some of my classmates to learn more about space life.（动词不定式作目的状语） ②It will take about 6 hours by rocket.（it作形式主语） 1 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 热点06 神舟十九与中国航空航天 神舟十九号任务是中国载人航天工程进入空间站应用与发展阶段的重要里程碑，其成果与技术创新不仅巩固了我国在太空探索领域的国际地位，也为未来深空探测奠定了坚实基础。神舟十九号返回时携带的86项实验样本（如果蝇基因数据、月壤砖样本等）将成为后续研究的关键素材。中国航天已形成“载人航天—深空探测—卫星应用”的完整体系，其发展路径体现三大战略导向： 技术自主化：从火箭发动机（如YF-75D氢氧发动机）到星载芯片全面国产化； 应用场景拓展：太空制造、能源转化等技术向民用领域渗透； 国际合作深化：通过空间站平台推动全球科学资源共享。 从神舟一号到十九号，中国航天用25年完成从“跟跑”到“领跑”的跨越。神舟十九号任务既是空间站常态化运营的成熟标志，也是迈向月球基地与火星探测的新起点，其技术积累与科学成果将持续赋能国家综合实力提升。 （建议用时：40分钟） 一、单项选择 1．（24-25九年级上·江苏镇江·期中）Shenzhou-19 went into space ________ the morning of 30, October, 2024. A．in B．on C．at D．by 2．（2025·江苏扬州·一模）________ that the astronauts of Shenzhou-18 manned spaceship entered China’s space station early on April 26, 2024. A．What a success B．What success C．How a success D．How success 3．（24-25九年级下·广东深圳·开学考试）—Do you know why zebrafish are ______ to Shenzhou-18? —They have ______ like small size and short development cycle. A．take, stages B．taken, advantages C．taking, messages D．to take, preference 4．（24-25九年级上·云南普洱·期末）—Frank, could you tell me ______? —Of course. On October 30th, 2024. A．when was Shenzhou-19 sent up B．where Shenzhou-19 was sent up C．when Shenzhou-19 was sent up D．where was Shenzhou-19 sent up 5．（24-25九年级上·北京西城·期末）We are going to visit Shenzhou-18 ________ Thursday morning. A．in B．on C．at D．to 6．（24-25九年级上·江苏泰州·期中）—Good news! The spacecraft Shenzhou IX was successfully sent into space. —Scientists tried their best to pay attention to every detail. To them, ________. A．it never rains but it pours B．a friend in need is a friend indeed C．a miss is as good as a mile D．the grass is always greener on the other side 二、完形填空 （2025·黑龙江大庆·一模）Zhu Yangzhu is the spaceflight engineer for the Shenzhou-16 task. He has loved the blue sky and flying 1 he was a boy. When he was a middle school student, Zhu often did physical exercises about flying. Because of his 2 grades, Zhu could enter the College of Aerospace (航空航天) Science and Engineering in Changsha in the summer of 2005. And he 3 there for the following years. During studying, Zhu made great 4 and finished his school life from the university with a doctor’s degree. In the summer of 2018, Zhu heard about the news about China’s astronauts. He 5 to have a try to become an astronaut. In September 2020, Zhu was 6 chosen as one of the country’s third group of astronauts, including six other flight engineers. However, for an engineer who had no air flight 7 , the astronaut training tasks presented a real test. For example, astronauts had to 8 for three days and three nights in a closed room , during which they had to do many tests on a computer. That 9 a lot of hard work. He not only completed the hard training himself, but also played a(n) 10 role in relaxing the team and helping others in his team. Last year, all his hard work paid off when he was chosen to carry out the Shenzhou-16 task. 1．A．unless B．since C．because D．though 2．A．low B．rich C．bad D．high 3．A．taught B．volunteered C．remained D．toured 4．A．progress B．change C．development D．wealth 5．A．decided B．refused C．agreed D．continued 6．A．slowly B．finally C．quietly D．simply 7．A．achievement B．feeling C．ability D．experience 8．A．pay back B．lie down C．stay up D．hang out 9．A．wasted B．saved C．advised D．required 10．A．dangerous B．important C．friendly D．lovely （24-25八年级上·广东深圳·期末）Not many little girls grow up to be rocket engineers. Even fewer have a 1 to go into space. But Wang Haoze did both. As a student, Wang worked hard at school and did well in almost everything. In 2008, she studied at Southeast University. There, she 2 to shine, not only as the best student but also as a good runner. As a top student, Wang could 3 new research (研究) areas. It could be exciting but it wasn’t always 4 . Wang once complained (抱怨) about the difficulties. Her teacher, Gu Fan, gave her some 5 : Always do your best, even when you don’t enjoy it. If you don’t, when you finally find something you love, you might not know how to give your best. Wang kept these words in mind. She kept breaking into unknown spaces. Later, she found her 6 for space science. She began working as a rocket engine designer. Wang learned a lot and 7 solving problems. In just a few months, she designed a great new product 8 . In May 2018, China began training its third generation of astronauts. Wang jumped at the chance and joined in the tests. Thanks to her 9 body and mind, she stood out from 2,500 people. During her training, she faced one difficulty after another, but she never thought of giving up (放弃). On October 30, Wang flew into space aboard the Shenzhou-19 spaceship. Now, in her “new space” — the Tiangong space station — she 10 all the unknowns and difficulties! 1．A．question B．chance C．holiday D．reason 2．A．decided B．began C．continued D．wanted 3．A．explore B．describe C．leave D．protect 4．A．good B．busy C．easy D．popular 5．A．articles B．skills C．money D．advice 6．A．love B．time C．respect D．memory 7．A．stopped B．enjoyed C．minded D．remembered 8．A．confidently B．luckily C．carefully D．successfully 9．A．soft B．natural C．strong D．young 10．A．gets ready for B．looks out for C．runs away from D．comes along with 三、阅读理解 （24-25九年级下·河北秦皇岛·阶段练习）The “Post-80s crew (工作人员)” of Shenzhou-18, Ye Guangfu, Li Cong, and Li Guangsu, met the media and public at the China Astronaut Research and Training Center, on January 8th, 2025, over 60 days after their space journey. They shared their unforgettable experiences in space. Ye Guangfu has been to the space station twice. He described his return as “three changes”—feeling more at home, enjoying a better environment with more tasks, and taking on greater responsibilities as a leader. During the mission (重要任务), the Shenzhou-18 crew met with the Shenzhou-17 and Shenzhou-19 crews twice in space. This showed how China’s space program passes on from one group to another. Li Cong felt a strong sense of r when he got the “baton (指挥棒)” from the Shenzhou-17. The crew stayed in space for 192 days, had a “smooth” mission, and now, they’re ready for regular training. 1．Which is NOT mentioned when Ye Guangfu described “three changes”? A．Feeling more at home. B．Enjoying a more beautiful view of space. C．Enjoying a better environment with more tasks. D．Taking on greater responsibilities as a leader. 2．How long did the Shenzhou-18 crew stay in space? A．60 days. B．170 days. C．192 days. D．200 days. 3．What is the proper word in the sentence “Li Cong felt a strong sense of r when he got the ‘baton’ from the Shenzhou-17”? A．Relaxation. B．Responsibility. C．Risk. D．Regret. （24-25九年级上·江苏扬州·期末）Early on Wednesday morning, a big rocket called Long March-2FY19 took off from Jiuquan in Northwest China. It carried three astronauts on a trip to the China Space Station. After about 10 minutes, the Shenzhou-19 spacecraft separated from the rocket and entered its designated orbit (轨道) . This meant the launch was a success! The China Space Station will welcome the new Shenzhou-19 crew (机组人员), led by experienced astronaut Cai Xuzhe and newcomers Song Lingdong and female astronaut Wang Haoze, about 6.5 hours after takeoff. Commander (指令长) Cai is going back to space just 22 months after his last trip, which is a record for the shortest time between missions(使命, 任务) in the history of Chinese astronauts. Song and Wang, both born in 1990, are on their first space mission. Wang is also China’s first female spaceflight engineer. This is the fourth time that astronauts have flown to the space station to work and do experiments, and it’s the 33rd mission in China’s manned space program. The main tasks include switching (交换) crews with the Shenzhou-18 astronauts, staying on the station for six months, doing space experiments, going outside the spacecraft and so on. After launch, Shenzhou-19 will connect to the Tianhe module of the space station about 6.5 hours later. They will come back to Earth in late April or early May. For this mission, the developers made the Shenzhou-19 spacecraft better by improving its design, so it can carry more supplies  (供给). This helps the astronauts and makes the space station work more effectively. 1．What does the underlined word “designated” mean in the second paragraph? A．planned B．named C．changed D．common 2．What is Wang Haoze’s special achievement? A．She is the youngest of the crew. B．She is the first female spaceman. C．She has flown to the space station four times. D．She is China’s first female spaceflight engineer. 3．What can we infer from the passage? A．Shenzhou-19 carried three astronauts on a trip to the China Space Station. B．Cai Xuzhe is on his first space mission. C．Shenzhou-19 separated from the rocket after 20 minutes. D．Improvements in the spacecraft design are helpful to the astronauts and their work. 4．Which of the following can be the best title for the passage? A．A Successful Launch of Shenzhou-19 B．The Main Tasks of Shenzhou-19 Crew C．The History of China’s Space Exploration D．The Development of China’s Space Technology （24-25九年级上·山东德州·期末） Yan Zihan, 14, Shenzhen I have been curious about the universe since I was a child. I want to know more. Shi Yaoxin, 28, Beijing I am a rocket designer at the China Aerospace Science and Technology Corporation. Yan: What do you do as a rocket designer? Shi: My job has two parts: One is working at the Beijing headquarters and the other is carrying out launch missions at the launch site. In Beijing, I need to read materials related to rocket design and come up with structural design solutions. When doing launch missions (发射任务) at the launch site, I need to follow the steps to make sure that the product meets the design needs. Yan: How many times have you taken part in China’s manned space missions? Shi: In 2021, I started to be a rocket designer. I have taken part in three launch missions. In the Shenzhou XIV mission, for example, I did part of the final rocket check work. In the Shenzhou XVI mission, I saw the first Chinese civilian travel to space. Yan: What’s the most important quality for a rocket designer? Shi: I think that is a safety net mentality (安全底线思维). In the world of rocket making, being very careful is really important. So we always have a plan B．When people are going up into space in rockets, we can’t make any mistakes because we can’t put peoples lives in danger. It’s a job where we have to be perfect all the time. Yan: How do you make a balance between work and life? Shi: Although the high pressure at work, laughter and joy still always fill our offices. On weekends, I enjoy mountain climbing with friends. And many designers like to do sports, such as playing basketball or tennis after work. Yan: How did you get this job? Shi: I studied aeronautical engineering in college. I got this job through campus recruitment (招聘). You can also apply for the job by sending in your resume on the official websites of aerospace companies. 1．What do rocket designers usually do? A．They always work at the Beijing headquarters. B．They need to learn more related to rocket design. C．They only need to follow others ideas to solve the problems. D．Everyone needs to carry out launch missions at the launch site. 2．What do you think of rocket designers? A．They must be careful without any mistakes. B．Everyone has to be perfect all the time. C．They often have fun while they are working. D．Their daily lives are full of high pressure. 3．What’s the meaning of the underlined word “resume” in the last paragraph? A．职业 B．职能 C．简历 D．学历 4．Why does Yan Zihan make this interview? A．Because she wants to know more about the universe. B．Because she needs to finish her homework. C．Because she wants to be a rocket designer. D．Because she has the quality of being the rocket designer. 5．Where is the passage probably from? A．A diary. B．A newspaper. C．A novel. D．A play. （23-24九年级上·山东日照·期中）The Shenzhou XV workers returned to Earth on June 4th, 2023 after a six-month task that watched the completion of the Tiangong space station. They all “felt pretty good” after landing on the ground. Deng Qingming, who realized his space dream through this task, was one of them. The name of Deng, 56 years old, wasn’t known by many people until China launched (发射) the Shenzhou XII spaceship. The story of Deng who relentlessly followed his space dream despite serving as a backup (后援) for years moved many people. Born in a farming family in Jiangxi Province, Deng joined the PLA Air Force in June 1984 and started training as a pilot at a flight college in Hebei Province. After graduating in November 1987, the young pilot began working at a fighter jet regiment (喷气机队) in Jilin Province. In 1996, Deng was finally chosen as an astronaut candidate (候选人) with another 13 pilots. They became the first members of the PLA Astronaut Division in January 1998. In the following years, Deng spent almost all of his time training and spared no effort to find a chance to fly into space. He was a backup crew member for the Shenzhou IX, X, XI and XIII missions. “Being a backup doesn’t mean you don’t need to work. I must watch closely in the control center and offer all I know about the mission and the spacecraft in case of an emergency (突发事件),” Deng said. “Only when the crew returns to the Earth will my mission be completed.” No matter how difficult the road to space flight was, Deng never once thought of giving up. “Whether it is a crew or a backup, it is a job. And the success of the mission comes before my personal wishes,” Deng once said. 1．Which helped Deng realize his dream? A．Shenzhou IX. B．Shenzhou XI. C．Shenzhou XII. D．Shenzhou XV. 2．What does the underlined word “relentlessly” mean? A．不停地 B．成功地 C．急切地 D．繁忙地 3．Which sentence in the passage shows that Deng is responsible (有责任心)? A．I must watch closely in the control center and offer … B．In 1996, Deng was finally chosen as an astronaut candidate … C．In the following years, Deng spent almost all of his time training … D．Deng Qingming, who realized his space dream through this task … 4．What is the best title for the passage? A．Chinese Space Develops Smoothly B．“Stay-at-home” Astronaut’s Dream Came True C．Astronauts’ Mission Changes in Space D．Astronauts’ Hard Training Happens All the Time （23-24八年级上·河南安阳·期中）China has four satellite launch bases (卫星发射基地). They are Jiuquan in Gansu, Xichang in Sichuan, Taiyuan in Shanxi and Wenchang in Haina. Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center which was founded (建立) in 1958 is one of the four famous satellite launch bases in China. The center has created eight proud firsts for China’s space industry. On April 21, 1970, China’s first man-made earth satellite was raised there. The Long March 2F rocket carrying the Shenzhou XII manned spacecraft blasted off (发射) from Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center in June, 2021. Xichang Satellite Launch Center, also known as Xichang Satellite City, was founded in 1970. After years of development, the center has thousands of sets of excellent equipment (设备). It is known as the “Oriental Houston (东方休斯顿)”. Taiyuan Satellite Launch Center was founded in 1967. The center has launched China’s first weather satellite “Fengyun-1”, making nine firsts in the history of China’s satellite launches. Wenchang Space Launch Center (founded in 2009) is now the fourth satellite launch center of China. Because it is only 19 degrees away from the equator (赤道), more rocket loads (负载) are possible, making it the center of China’s space development in the future. 1．How many satellite launch bases are there in China according to the passage? A．There are three. B．There are four. C．There are five. D．There are six. 2．What does the underlined words “manned spacecraft” mean in Chinese? A．载人飞船 B．宇宙空间站 C．航空航天器 D．人造地球卫星 3．Which center is known as the “Oriental Houston”? A．Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center. B．Xichang Satellite Launch Center. C．Taiyuan Satellite Launch Center. D．Wenhang Space Launch Center. 4．Choose the order of the foundation (成立) time of the four centers according to the following. ①Jiuquan   ②Xichang   ③Taiyuan   ④Wenchang A．①②③④ B．③①④② C．③④②① D．①③②④ 5．Which of the following is NOT right? A．The center of Taiyuan has made nine firsts since 1967. B．The Shenzhou XⅡ manned spacecraft blasted off in June, 2021. C．The center of Jiuquan has created eight proud firsts since 1968. D．The center of Wenchang will be the center of China’s space development. （2025·甘肃定西·模拟预测）On October 30, 2024, China successfully launched (发射) the Shenzhou-19 spacecraft to the Tiangong Space Station. Three taikonauts (中国航天员)—Cai Xuzhe, Song Lingdong and Wang Haoze—will stay in space for six months to complete their mission.   Cai Xuzhe is the commander (指挥官). He had been to space in 2022. Wang Haoze, the only female astronaut, will be responsible for some scientific experiments. Song Lingdong, the youngest engineer of them, will test new space technologies.   Life in space is challenging but exciting. Because of micro-gravity (微重力), they often float in the station. They exercise two hours daily to stay healthy. They will also grow vegetables and study how light affects plant growth in space.   During their mission, they will went outside the capsule three times to carry out a number of experiments and collect space environment data (数据). They will even give a live science class to students on the Earth, showing how water forms floating balls in micro-gravity.   They will fly back in April or May 2020. Before returning to the Earth, they will clean the station and prepare it for the next crew. Their work will help China’s plan to build a moon base in the future.   阅读以上材料，选择正确答案。 1．How long will the Shenzhou-19 mission last? A．3 months. B．6 months. C．1 year. D．2 weeks. 2．What will Wang Haoze mainly do in space? A．Test new technologies. B．Cooke food for the crew. C．Does scientific experiments. D．Repairs the satellite. 3．Why do the taikonauts exercise every day? A．To stay healthy. B．To grow plants. C．To take photos. D．To study light. 4．The underline word “live” (Paragraph 4) means ________. A．居住 B．活着的 C．实况地 D．现场直播的 5．What is the main purpose of this passage? A．To explain how to become an astronaut. B．To describe the Shenzhou-19 mission. C．To discuss the history of space stations. D．To teach students about plant growth. 四、任务型阅读 （2025·安徽·模拟预测）Cleaning Up Earth’s Orbit: The Space Debris Challenge Earth’s orbit is cluttered with over 23,000 pieces of debris larger than 10 centimeters, posing collision risks to satellites and spacecraft. In 2024, the European Space Agency (ESA) successfully tested the “ClearSpace-1” mission, which uses a robotic arm to capture defunct satellites. The technology is capable of removing 500 kg of debris per mission. China’s Tiangong space station employs laser-based detection systems to avoid collisions. Meanwhile, SpaceX developed Starshield, a network of satellites designed to monitor debris and assist in orbital cleanup. “Space sustainability is critical for future exploration,” stated NASA Administrator Bill Nelson. The United Nations Committee on the Peaceful Uses of Outer Space is drafting an international treaty to regulate debris management. Violators could face fines up to $100 million. 1．How many large debris pieces are in Earth’s orbit? (No more than 5 words) 2．What technology does ClearSpace-1 use? (No more than 3 words) 3．What is the maximum fine for debris management violations? (No more than 5 words) 五、书面表达 1．随着天宫空间站的建设，学校掀起了一阵航天热。假如你是Allen，你班同学也在热议并遐想未来能进入空间站旅行。你班将举办一次主题为“My Trip to Tiangong Space Station”的英语演讲比赛。请你根据下图提示，发挥想象谈一下你的太空站之旅。 注意： 1. 短文须包含上图所有信息，可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； 2. 不得在作文中出现学校的真实名称和学生的真实姓名； 3. 词数不少于80。 My Trip to Tiangong Space Station I dream of travelling to space. Now I’ve got a chance to make my dream come true. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 1 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$