UNIT 12 Section Ⅶ Reading Club-（课件PPT+Word教案）【步步高】2024-2025学年高二英语选择性必修第四册教师用书（北师大版2019）

INNOVATION UNIT 12 Section Ⅶ Reading Club Part 1　课文整体理解 Part 2　语言知识学习 整体理解 课文 3 Ⅰ.Read Reading Club 1 on P65，and fill in the blanks. Ancient Chinese Inventions The time when it first appeared How they were used Paper-making 1. . It was used to produce 2._____________________ _____________. Gunpowder 3. . It was used 4. and led to the development of many different kinds of 5. . About 2,000 years ago historical records,maps and literature In the 8th century AD in wars weapons Ancient Chinese Inventions The time when it first appeared How they were used Printing 6. . It made it much quicker and easier to 7. and led to the first ever 8._______________ of books and literature. The Compass 9.______________ ________. The Chinese were using 10._______ ____________________ to navigate their ships at sea by the 11th century. In 1045 AD reproduce written work mass-production During the 3rd century highly developed compasses Ⅱ.Read Reading Club 2 on P66－67，and choose the best answer. 1.Which of the following inventions help to govern our life and regulate almost everything we do? A.Refrigerators. B.Watches and clocks. C.Elevators. D.Computers. √ 2.Before the invention of refrigerators，how did people preserve food? A.They burned or boiled food before preserving it. B.They kept it in large ice-boxes. C.They kept it in snow or with ice. D.They could only leave it outside of the house. √ 3.When was the first electric powered elevator invented? A.In 1857. B.In 1880. C.In 1805. D.20 years ago. √ 4.What is the type of the passage? A.Narrative. B.Descriptive. C.Expository. D.Argumentative. √ 返 回 知识学习 语言 10 n.可能性(available adj.可利用的，可得到的；空闲的) 1 availability be available to sb可被某人利用的，某人可得到的 be available for sth有空做某事；可用于某事 be available to do sth有空做某事 (1)He has been asked about his (available) to take part in the competition. (2)Convenient transportation is available people from nearly every community. (3)I had intended to go to my cousin’s birthday party last night，_______ _____________________(但我没空去). (4)我打电话问你今晚是否有空参加我们的募捐活动。 I am calling to ask ______________________________________________ ________________. availability to but I was not available for it if you are available tonight to take part in our donation activity vt.保存(食物)，腌制；维护，保护 n.腌菜，果酱；保护区(preservation n.维护；保存) 2 preserve preserve...from/against...保护……免受…… be well/strictly preserved被很好地/严格地保存/保护 (1)More (preserve) have been built in our country to protect wildlife. (2)Before the arrival of the refrigerators，there was a demand for ice for food (preserve). (3)Penicillin has played an important role in preserving wounds _____________ infection and subsequently saves millions of lives. preserves preservation from/against (4)是时候我们应该采取措施保护环境免受污染了。(话题写作之环境保护) It is high time ___________________________________________ ______________________________. (5)在我看来，一些传统的旧习俗应该被很好地保留，所以迫切需要想出一些有效的保护措施。(话题写作之传统文化与习俗) From my point of view，__________________________________ ______________.So there is an urgent need to think of ________ _____________________________. 写作佳句 that we took/should take measures to preserve the environment from being polluted some traditional old customs should be well preserved some effective preservation measures 3 Now it is a common object in most homes and people would find it difficult to imagine living without it.(P67，Para.8) 现在它是大多数家庭中常见的物品，人们很难想象没有它的生活。 结构分析：句中的“find it difficult to imagine...”是find的复合结构，其构成是“find＋it＋形容词＋to do sth”，其中it是形式宾语，真正的宾语是不定式短语to imagine...。 find＋it＋形容词/名词＋to do sth • find的复合结构：“find＋it＋形容词/名词＋to do sth”，其中it是形式 宾语，形容词或名词作宾语补足语，不定式短语to do sth是真正的宾语。 •其他常见类似搭配：make/feel/think＋it＋形容词/名词＋to do sth (1)我发现如果你不经常接触一门外语，就很难学好它。 if you are not exposed to it often. (2)我认为保护空气免受进一步污染是我们的义务。 the air from being further polluted. (3)我们英语老师规定每学期必须要读一本英文原版书。 Our English teacher an original English book each semester. I find it hard to learn a foreign language well I think it our duty to preserve made it a rule to read 4 Next time you rely on any of these inventions，be grateful and think about the science and imagination that have gone into them and how much they have changed our everyday life.(P67，Para.12) 下次你依赖于这些发明时，要心存感激，想想它们所含有的科学和想象力，以及它们对我们的日常生活有多大的改变。 结构分析：句中名词短语next time充当连词。 next time引导时间状语从句 作连词引导时间状语从句的还有以下几种情况： • time构成的名词短语：every/each time，the first time，the last time等。 • the＋瞬间名词：the moment，the instant，the minute，the second等， 相当于as soon as，表示“一……就……”。 • immediately，instantly，directly等，相当于as soon as。 (1) (每次他来我家)，he either complains to me or borrows money from me. (2) (第二次我跟他交谈)，he admitted that he had made a big mistake and apologized to me. (3) (上次我去看望你的家人时)，your father seemed to be in good health. Every/Each time he comes over to my house The second time I talked to him The last time I went to visit your family (4)As soon as she stopped asking questions，I got up and went out of the room. → she stopped asking questions，I got up and went out of the room.(副词用作连词) → ，I got up and went out of the room.(the＋瞬间名词) 返 回 Instantly/Immediately/Directly The moment/instant/minute/second she stopped asking questions 本课结束 $$ Section Ⅶ　Reading Club Ⅰ.Read Reading Club 1 on P65，and fill in the blanks. Ancient Chinese Inventions The time when it first appeared How they were used Paper-making 1.About 2,000 years ago. It was used to produce 2.historical records，maps and literature. Gunpowder 3.In the 8th century AD. It was used 4.in wars and led to the development of many different kinds of 5.weapons. Printing 6.In 1045 AD. It made it much quicker and easier to 7.reproduce written work and led to the first ever 8.mass-production of books and literature. The Compass 9.During the 3rd century. The Chinese were using 10.highly developed compasses to navigate their ships at sea by the 11th century. Ⅱ.Read Reading Club 2 on P66－67，and choose the best answer. 1．Which of the following inventions help to govern our life and regulate almost everything we do? A．Refrigerators. B．Watches and clocks. C．Elevators. D．Computers. 答案　B 2．Before the invention of refrigerators，how did people preserve food? A．They burned or boiled food before preserving it. B．They kept it in large ice-boxes. C．They kept it in snow or with ice. D．They could only leave it outside of the house. 答案　C 3．When was the first electric powered elevator invented? A．In 1857. B．In 1880. C．In 1805. D．20 years ago. 答案　B 4．What is the type of the passage? A．Narrative. B．Descriptive. C．Expository. D．Argumentative. 答案　C availability n．可能性(available adj.可利用的，可得到的；空闲的) be available to sb可被某人利用的，某人可得到的 be available for sth有空做某事；可用于某事 be available to do sth有空做某事 (1)He has been asked about his availability(available) to take part in the competition. (2)Convenient transportation is available to people from nearly every community. (3)I had intended to go to my cousin’s birthday party last night，but I was not available for it(但我没空去)． (4)我打电话问你今晚是否有空参加我们的募捐活动。 I am calling to ask if you are available tonight to take part in our donation activity. preserve vt.保存(食物)，腌制；维护，保护 n．腌菜，果酱；保护区(preservation n．维护；保存) preserve...from/against...保护……免受…… be well/strictly preserved被很好地/严格地保存/保护 (1)More preserves(preserve) have been built in our country to protect wildlife. (2)Before the arrival of the refrigerators，there was a demand for ice for food preservation(preserve)． (3)Penicillin has played an important role in preserving wounds from/against infection and subsequently saves millions of lives. [写作佳句] (4)是时候我们应该采取措施保护环境免受污染了。(话题写作之环境保护) It is high time that we took/should take measures to preserve the environment from being polluted. (5)在我看来，一些传统的旧习俗应该被很好地保留，所以迫切需要想出一些有效的保护措施。(话题写作之传统文化与习俗) From my point of view，some traditional old customs should be well preserved.So there is an urgent need to think of some effective preservation measures. find＋it＋形容词/名词＋to do sth Now it is a common object in most homes and people would find it difficult to imagine living without it.(P67，Para.8) 现在它是大多数家庭中常见的物品，人们很难想象没有它的生活。 结构分析：句中的“find it difficult to imagine...”是find的复合结构，其构成是“find＋it＋形容词＋to do sth”，其中it是形式宾语，真正的宾语是不定式短语to imagine...。 ·find的复合结构：“find＋it＋形容词/名词＋to do sth”，其中it是形式宾语，形容词或名词作宾语补足语，不定式短语to do sth是真正的宾语。 ·其他常见类似搭配：make/feel/think＋it＋形容词/名词＋to do sth (1)我发现如果你不经常接触一门外语，就很难学好它。 I find it hard to learn a foreign language well if you are not exposed to it often. (2)我认为保护空气免受进一步污染是我们的义务。 I think it our duty to preserve the air from being further polluted. (3)我们英语老师规定每学期必须要读一本英文原版书。 Our English teacher made it a rule to read an original English book each semester. next time引导时间状语从句 Next time you rely on any of these inventions，be grateful and think about the science and imagination that have gone into them and how much they have changed our everyday life.(P67，Para.12) 下次你依赖于这些发明时，要心存感激，想想它们所含有的科学和想象力，以及它们对我们的日常生活有多大的改变。 结构分析：句中名词短语next time充当连词。 作连词引导时间状语从句的还有以下几种情况： ·time构成的名词短语：every/each time，the first time，the last time等。 ·the＋瞬间名词：the moment，the instant，the minute，the second等，相当于as soon as，表示“一……就……”。 ·immediately，instantly，directly等，相当于as soon as。 (1)Every/Each time he comes over to my house(每次他来我家)，he either complains to me or borrows money from me. (2)The second time I talked to him(第二次我跟他交谈)，he admitted that he had made a big mistake and apologized to me. (3)The last time I went to visit your family(上次我去看望你的家人时)，your father seemed to be in good health. (4)As soon as she stopped asking questions，I got up and went out of the room. →Instantly/Immediately/Directly she stopped asking questions，I got up and went out of the room.(副词用作连词) →The moment/instant/minute/second she stopped asking questions，I got up and went out of the room.(the＋瞬间名词) 训练5　Reading Club　[分值：57.5分] Ⅰ.单词拼写(每小题1分，满分10分) 1．This is the oldest working mechanical(机械的) clock in the world. 2．It is an important process that helps to regulate(调节) the global climate. 3．In an electric power plant，the heat converts water into high-pressure steam(蒸汽)． 4．On the desk were masses(大量) of books and papers，in which he buried himself. 5．It could be another year before the economy started to show some improvement(改善)． 6．It is the first nursing home specifically designed for people with AIDS. 7．A number of bombs have exploded，seriously injuring at least five people. 8．To lose weight，she only has a boiled egg and a cup of coffee each morning. 9．The lifeboat was immediately sent out to rescue the sailors from the sinking ship. 10．The industrial revolution，which started a couple of hundred years ago in Europe，has changed people’s way of life. Ⅱ.单句语法填空(每小题1.5分，满分15分) 1．Would you please give further illustration(illustrate) of your view? 2．The organisation was set up to preserve endangered species from extinction. 3．This approach made it much quicker and easier to deal with the problem. 4．A mass of data shows that both profit and not-for-profit innovations can work. 5．We can’t imagine what our life would be like if there were no electricity(electric)． 6．It was not until the teacher came in that the students stopped talking and laughing. 7．Keeping a diary can help you work out your daily food intake more accurately(accurate)． 8．The explosion made a massive(mass) hole in the ground，but fortunately nobody was injured. 9．It was specifically(specific) observed that the left side of the brain was more active during deep sleep. 10．According to the new regulation(regulate)，all the passengers are to be inspected before boarding the subway. Ⅲ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分，满分20分) A When I was five，I once peeled off the paper that enveloped my crayons and snapped them in two.My great enthusiasm was dampened to find just more crayon inside.When I started writing words with pencils，I would twist them inside a sharpener to see if the pencil lead went all the way through the body.Growing up，I saw my television taken apart to reveal the inner workings that only made sense when I did a degree in physics. Then I landed a career in engineering，spending six years as part of the team that designed the Shard，a famous building in London.Actually，whether I knew it or not，I was already on a mission to understand how things are formed. After exploring the big，I decided to turn to the small.I realized whatever matter forms human-made objects，complex devices are made up of fundamental building blocks，without which our complex machinery wouldn’t exist. It is this idea that inspired my book where I select what I believe are seven core elements that form the basis of the world—the nail，the wheel，the spring，the magnet，the lens，the pump and the string.Together they compose a vast range of innovations in terms of their underlying(潜在的) scientific principles and the fields of engineering they touch.They’ve changed our technology，and had a sweeping impact on our history，arts，culture，communication，political and power structures，etc. The blender we use to make baby’s food relies on gears(齿轮)，which couldn’t exist without the wheel.The speaker on the phone relies on a magnet.Even when we think of larger and more complex objects-diggers，skyscrapers，satellites—we come back to the same seven foundational innovations. So，look around you，and ask questions about what you see：reignite(重燃) that childhood curiosity.Hopefully，that will inspire you to investigate and lead you to a better understanding of the building blocks of our world. 语篇解读　本文是夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲述作者从小就对事物的内部感兴趣，他发现一切事物都是由七个核心小元素组成的，即：小东西也很重要。 1．Why does the author mention crayons in paragraph 1? A．To explain his choice of college major. B．To demonstrate his fascination with tools. C．To highlight his disappointment at the discovery. D．To show his early passion for the insides of objects. 答案　D 解析　推理判断题。这一段提到作者小时候把包着蜡笔的纸撕下来、用卷笔刀削铅笔、拆电视机等都是想说明作者从小就对事物的内部感兴趣。故选D。 2．What made the author’s book possible? A．His experience in designing buildings. B．His understanding of the origin of things. C．His finding of the components of machinery. D．His perspective on the operation of the world. 答案　C 解析　细节理解题。根据第三段中“I realized whatever...machinery wouldn’t exist.(我意识到复杂的设备都是由基本的构建块组成的……)”和第四段中“It is this idea...and the string.(正是这个想法启发了我的书，我选择了我认为构成世界基础的七个核心元素……)”可知，是作者对机械部件的发现促使他写书。故选C。 3．What do we know about the seven core elements? A．They throw light on scientific principles. B．They have a profound influence on society. C．They mark an era of technological innovation. D．They represent the advancement in engineering. 答案　B 解析　推理判断题。根据第四段第二、三句可知，这七个核心元素，就其基本科学原理和所涉及的工程领域而言，共同构成了一系列创新。它们改变了我们的技术，对我们的历史、艺术、文化、沟通、政治和权力结构等产生了广泛影响，即对社会产生了巨大影响。故选B。 4．What can be the best title for the text? A．Small Things That Count B．Big Dreams That Reward C．Ask the Right Questions D．Understand Core Elements 答案　A 解析　标题归纳题。这篇文章主要讲述作者从小就对事物的内部感兴趣，他发现一切事物都是由七个核心小元素组成的，即：小东西也很重要。故选A。 B In an age when most Chinese people thought that a lunar eclipse(月食) was a sign of angry deities，Wang Zhenyi(1768-1797)，an astronomer and mathematician who worked tirelessly to publish her discoveries about space，said，“Actually，it’s definitely because of the Moon.” Wang was born at a time when feudal(封建的) customs in China prevented girls from getting a formal education.However，she was fortunate that her family encouraged her in learning.Her grandfather，a former district governor，shared his knowledge of astronomy with her，while her father，a medicinal scholar，taught her basic math.Despite being denied formal education，Wang was determined to learn and became self-taught，studying a vast collection of books on various subjects. One of Wang’s most famous demonstrations involved creating a model to explain a lunar eclipse.After consulting decades of astronomical records，she used a lamp，a mirror and a round table to respectively symbolize the Sun，the Moon and the Earth.By moving the objects around，she was able to show that a lunar eclipse happened when the Moon passed directly behind the Earth and moved into its shadow.Her article The Explanation of a Lunar Eclipse is still considered highly accurate for its time. During the Qing Dynasty，the Western calendar was introduced to China.Wang argued for its adoption because it was based on the movement of the Sun.Many Chinese scholars rejected the idea for it had come from the West，to which Wang simply responded，“What counts is the usefulness，no matter whether it is Chinese or Western.” To make math and science accessible to common people，she spent years publishing articles hoping to make these ancient and poorly understood concepts easier to digest.She explained the rotation(旋转) of the planets，and even the Pythagorean theorem(勾股定理) for beginners. Unfortunately，most of Wang Zhenyi’s works have not passed the test of time，but her contributions continue to be recognized in modern times.In 1994，the International Astronomical Union named a crater(环形山) on Venus after her.Wang’s legacy continues to inspire and encourage future generations to pursue knowledge and innovation. 语篇解读　这是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了清代女科学家王贞仪的生平及其贡献。 5．Why was it difficult for Wang to receive a formal education? A．Her family emphasized her self-taught education. B．Her family encouraged her to follow feudal customs. C．She came from a upper class family with a good schooling. D．She lived in a time when girls were not allowed to attend school. 答案　D 解析　细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“Wang was born...a formal education.”可知，王生于中国封建习俗禁止女孩接受正规教育的时代，这是王贞仪很难接受正规教育的原因。故选D。 6．Which of the following best describes Wang’s personalities? A．She was dependent and curious. B．She was intelligent and open-minded. C．She was determined but narrow-minded. D．She was hard-working but emotional. 答案　B 解析　推理判断题。根据第三段中“After consulting decades...into its shadow.” 可推知，王贞仪很聪明。根据第四段中“Many Chinese scholars...‘What counts...it is Chinese or Western.’”可推知，王贞仪思想开明。故选B。 7．Which of the following is not Wang’s contribution? A．Introducing the Western calendar to China. B．Arguing for the adoption of the Western calendar. C．Translating complex theories into simple concepts. D．Explaining a lunar eclipse using simple everyday objects. 答案　A 解析　细节理解题。根据第四段中“During the Qing Dynasty，the Western calendar was introduced to China.”可知，文章只说西历传入中国，并没有说是王贞仪引进的，所以A项“将西历引入中国”不是她的贡献。 8．What is one way that Wang’s legacy is recognized to inspire future generations? A．Her books are widely read today. B．A lunar crater was named Wang Zhenyi. C．A crater on Venus was named after her. D．She was awarded a Prize for determination after death. 答案　C 解析　细节理解题。根据最后一段中“In 1994，the International Astronomical Union named a crater(环形山) on Venus after her.”可知，金星上的一个环形山是以王贞仪的名字命名的，以这种方式来激励后代向王贞仪学习，故选C。 Ⅳ.七选五(每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) Have you considered how to choose your major in university，which is of great significance for your future career？Here is some practical advice. Initially，don’t choose a major merely based on money，otherwise mistakes will happen. 1 Can you see yourself investing the next 40 years in this career without getting bored？Actually choosing a major with high-paying career won’t guarantee you a high-paying job.It depends on position openings and your competitors when you graduate. 2 You want to pick something that interests you，but you need to be sure you won’t get sick of it as time progresses. 3 A hobby is a pursuit outside one’s regular occupation for relaxation while passion comforts you and drives you crazy at the same time.It isn’t relaxing.It inserts itself into your life.When you choose to study your hobby and build your life around it，it can lose its appeal and won’t be relaxing. Thirdly，never choose a major by feeling instead of research.Being interested in a major isn’t enough.Researching the field will ensure you to choose a right major.Besides，consider the entire journey you’ll pursue—the coursework，the major demands，the school time you’ll need，and the available job prospects. 4 Lastly，don’t always depend on your parents. 5 However，the choice is ultimately yours.If anyone wants to help you in choosing a major and you completely agree with their opinions，then go with it.But if you want your future to go in any other direction，speak up.The only way to get the best outcome is to shape your own future. A．Next，a hobby is never meant to be your priority. B．The opinions of your family aren’t something to ignore. C．Besides，keep a balance between hobbies and relaxation. D．Typically，people will confuse their hobbies with their passions. E．You should also consider your passions，dislikes，and happiness. F．Remember college is an investment of both your time and money. G．If you’re passionate about a major after research，follow your heart. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文，主要针对如何选择对未来职业有用的大学专业提出了一些实用的建议。 1．答案　E 解析　前文“Initially，don’t choose a major merely based on money，otherwise mistakes will happen.”讲述了不要仅仅根据金钱来选择专业，空处应讲述应该考虑其他因素，E项“你还应该考虑你热爱什么、不喜欢什么以及能让你觉得开心或幸福的是什么”符合题意。故选E。 2．答案　A 解析　空处是本段的主旨句。根据后文的“You want to pick something that interests you，but you need to be sure you won’t get sick of it as time progresses.”和“When you choose to study your hobby and build your life around it，it can lose its appeal and won’t be relaxing.”可知，本段主要讲述的是选择专业的时候不要首先考虑自己的爱好，A项“其次，爱好从来都不是你优先考虑的事情”符合题意。故选A。 3．答案　D 解析　后文“A hobby is a pursuit outside one’s regular occupation for relaxation while passion comforts you and drives you crazy at the same time.”讲述了爱好和激情之间的区别，所以空处应讲述的是二者容易被混为一谈，D项“通常，人们会将自己的爱好与激情混为一谈”符合题意。故选D。 4．答案　G 解析　根据本段主旨句“Thirdly，never choose a major by feeling instead of research.”可知，本段主要建议在选专业之前要进行研究，G项“如果你在研究之后对某个专业充满热情，那就用心去做吧”符合题意。故选G。 5．答案　B 解析　前文“Lastly，don’t always depend on your parents.”讲述了不要总是依赖父母的意见，后文“However，the choice is ultimately yours.”讲述了最终做决定的是你自己，由此可知，空处应是说家人的意见不容忽视，B项“你的家人的意见不容忽视”符合题意。故选B。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$