17 专项突破练习（科技类、文化类、故事类）-2025年高考英语语法填空满分冲刺

一、人物传记类 一、阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。     Yuan Longping, China’s “father of hybrid rice” and highly ①________(praise) for his contributions to the country’s food ②________(secure), died on Saturday. He was 91 years old.     Born in Beijing in September 1930, Yuan ③________(begin) his career as an agrarian(土地的) researcher during the 1950s. He often said in interviews that he ④________(drive) to increase rice output in China because of the hunger he had witnessed. “My lifetime pursuit is to ensure all people stay away from hunger,” he once said.     In 1964, Yuan theorized that a male-sterile(雄性不育的) grain could be crossed with other plants to increase production. ⑤________, it was not until 1973 that he cultivated the first hybrid rice thanks to the ⑥________(discover) of a wild rice species ⑦________ made the breakthrough possible. Mass cultivation(种植) of the crop began in 1976 and proved key to China’s ability ⑧________(feed) one-fifth of the world’s population ⑨________ just 9 per cent of its arable(可耕种的) land.     In 1995, he produced a two-line hybrid rice and was tasked by the government to improve production still ⑩__________(far). He later developed a single-line hybrid rice. Yuan was awarded the World Food Prize in 2004, for “pioneering research in his contributions to the fight against food deficiency(缺乏). 二、阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。     Zhang Guimei devoted to education in China’s southwestern borders for 40 years, is ①______ “mother” for more than 170 children, motivating young girls from poor families in mountainous areas. She has lit up hopes of many for education.     Zhang was born in Mudanjiang, Heilongjiang province in 1957. She came to Yunnan province at 17, ②______(respond) to the call of the country to support the development of border areas. Teaching at a middle school there, she saw the low ③______(admit) of girls to high school. It saddened her so much to find out that these girls ④______(abandon) their school work long before due to poverty. ⑤______, Zhang decided to build a free all-girl high school in 2002, in hope of changing the destiny of the girls in the mountain.     In 2007, Zhang went to Beijing as a deputy for the 17th CPC National Congress. Her speech “I Have a Dream” ⑥______(address) at the meeting made her dream of building a free all-girl high school known ⑦______ all. A year later, the school was completed as the first free all-girl high school in China.     On June 29, Zhang ⑧______ (award) July 1st Medal at a ceremony in Beijing, ⑨______ she said she did this out of her gratitude and love for the country, as well as her identity ⑩______(origin) as a CPC member. As long as she was still capable, she would stand in the classroom to give her all without regret. 三、阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。     From China’s Changcheng Research Station in the South Pole to Tuktoyaktuk, Canada in the North Pole, Guizhou runner Bai Bin took 433 days and ran 24,000 kilometers ①________(finish) this journey.     Born in Guizhou province, Bai ②________(be) a running enthusiast (爱好者) since childhood. In 2006, Bai took 50 days to run from Guiyang to Lhasa. In 2011, Bai took 150 ③________(day) to run from Istanbul to Xi’an. His former experience in grueling (激烈的) sports laid the foundation (基础) for him to push his limits. In 2018, Bai and his friend Li Zhenyu planned the route for ④________(run) from the South Pole to the North Pole. According ⑤________ the plan, the route will be by way of 219 cities and towns in 14 countries. His journey ⑥________(start) on March 2, 2018. In addition to running, the ⑦________(extreme) hard environment was a challenge for him. With the help of ⑧________(he) team, local citizens ⑨________ overseas Chinese, Bai overcame difficulties and arrived in the North Pole on May 8.     However, Bai is continuing on to ⑩________ new challenge. Next, he plans to cross the Bering Strait from the Arctic Ocean and run back to Xi’an. 四、阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。 Du Fu: China's Greatest Poet, a 58-minute documentary released recently on BBC, introduces Du Fu to the Western world for the first time ① the form of documentary. In the film, Michael Vot Wood, one of BBC's most popular hosts, visited a number of Chinese ② (city) to retrace Du's steps. The documentary invited well-known British actor Ian McKellen, ③ played Gandalf in The Lord of the Rings movies,④_____ (read)15 of Du's poems that have been translated into English. Born in 712, Du Fu lived through the violent fall of China’s brilliant Tang Dynasty. He had the desire to serve his country, but his life ⑤ (destroy) by the An Lushan Rebellion of 755, of⑥ ___ many poems he wrote, 500 have been preserved over the ages. For generations he⑦_____ (be) the guardian of the moral conscience of the nation. The documentary compared Du to Shakespeare to help audiences ⑧ (well) understand the poet’s great achievements in literature. It also highlighted Chinese poetry, noting that its 3000-year-old history makes ⑨ the oldest living tradition of poetry in the world During an interview, the director even quoted a line from Du ⑩ (encourage)the people suffering under the COVID-19 pandemic（流行病）. 五、阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。 Since the early 1970s, photographer David Hurn has been documenting those typical scenes ①_______ has defined his mountainous county in Wales. Unavoidably, landscape and agriculture have been a ②_______ (centre) focus in his photographs. “We only have a couple of reasonably large ③_______ (city) in Wales. If you travel around, you see open space and farms everywhere,” says Hurn. “Part of the Welshness of Wales is the farmers. I like farmers. They are warm and open. They work very hard and I like people who work hard.” Hurn, who has lived in rural Wales for the past 40 years, has seen various positive changes in all areas of Welsh life. In his village of Tintern, for example, he has noticed a decrease in residents working in the dirty coal industry ④_______ which the country once relied. ⑤_______ (unfortunate), sometimes with improvements come bad changes, too. Much of what Hurn has documented over the years has now disappeared ⑥_______ is disappearing. So he considers his work as producing a historical record. Hurn ⑦_______ (be) worried that if Wales’ agricultural life goes ⑧_______ same way as heavy industry, the nation’s very culture will disappear. “But the land and agriculture are a major part of Welsh life. If both the heavy industries and farming disappeared in Wales, then Wales would lose ⑨_______ (it) identity,” he says. “I have been trying my best ⑩_______ (preserve) our identity. ” 六、阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。     Yuan Longping, a Chinese plant scientist ①_____contributions in developing high-yield hybrid strains of rice helped to alleviate (消除）hunger and poverty across much of Asia and Africa, died of illness in ②_____ hospital in Changsha of Hunan province.     On China’s Twitter-like Sina Weibo, the news ③_____(view) more than a billion times so far, with netizens from all walks of life ④_____(express) grief at the death of the great man.     Born in Beijing in September 1930, Yuan began his career ⑤_____ an agricultural researcher in the 1950s. He often said in interviews that he was driven to increase rice output in China because of the hunger he had witnessed. “My lifetime pursuit is ⑥_____(ensure) all people stay away from hunger,” he once said.     In the decades that followed, Yuan was associated with some of the most important ⑦_____(breakthrough) in his field. As early as 1964, Yuan theorized that a male-sterile grain could be crossed with other plants to boost yields, but it was not until 1973 ⑧_____ he cultivated the first hybrid rice thanks to the discovery of a wild rice species that made the breakthrough possible.     In 2019, Yuan was awarded the Medal of the Republic, the country’s ⑨_____(high) honour, for his contribution to China’s food security and ⑩_____(science) development of agriculture, as well as increasing the world’s food output.(highest) 七、阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Before becoming a web novel writer in 2018 Disha Florence from Dhaka Bangladesh, now 25, was trying to find a way to free ① _____ (she) from the long-existed restrictions ②_____ (face) by a woman, a wish she has had since she was 8. It was then that she observed that being a girl meant she could not go to play in the park like boys. She needed to learn household chores but boys could play all day. “I lost many③_____ (opportunity) because, I had to listen to my parents and I regretted it. That’s when I thought that if I had ④_____ (free), I wouldn’t have to listen to others,” says Florence. As she grew up, she realized that ⑤_____ any experience and knowledge, it is impossible to be free. Therefore, while ⑥_____ (contiune) her study, Florence went to work as ⑦_____ volunteer in an NG,O. At 22, she ⑧ _____ (read) online fiction in English on Webnovel translated from Chinese when she noticed that the website was hiring authors ⑨_____ were said to have the chance ⑩_____ (make) a great deal of money. “Without thinking further, I started writing, and became a professional web novelist,” she says. 八、阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Jiang Peilan teaches visitors how to make ①_________(tradition) Chinese calligraphy brushes at a popular tourist attraction in Guangxi Zhuang autonomous region. Jiang, in her 50s, is ②_________ expert in making the Guilin-style brushes by hand, a technique ③_________(list) as a regional-level intangible cultural heritage(非物质文化遗产). Her courses are held in a cultural heritage experience center at a major tourist draw in Guilin city that ④_________(feature) several scenic rivers and lakes. Jiang regards her courses, where visitors learn to make ⑤_________(them) own writing brushes under her guidance, as a good way to preserve and promote a fading art that is becoming less ⑥_________(appeal) among young people in the digital age. Jiang began teaching brush-making at the experience center last year at the ⑦_________(invite) of a local cultural company ⑧_________ runs the facility. She sometimes gives more than five lectures on weekends or holidays to meet the growing demand from tourists. The center provides the general public with access ⑨_________ cultural heritage. Experience centers focusing on intangible cultural heritage have mushroomed across China. In Guangxi alone, a total of 368 such centers ​⑩_________(come) into existence since 2009. Experts believe the exploding popularity of such experience centers is part of a larger trend that has seen a growing focus on tradition. 九、阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The home crowd erupted when China’s Eileen Gu won the women’s big air freeskiing gold in Beijing. Gu jumped into the top position with her third run,①_____ (score) 94.50. Her total score was 188. 25 in the event’s debut at the Winter Olympics. The 18-year-old, who also ②_____ (go) by her Chinese name, Gu Ailing, is a freestyle skier, model and grade-A student with ③_____American father and a Chinese mother. She grew up in the United States. It was there ④_____she grew to love skiing. By 2018, she was representing the US in the world cup for the sport. Then, she decided to switch from representing the US ⑤_____ representing China. It was a decision met with shock and ⑥_____ (confuse) from her growing fan base, but Gu was ⑦_____ (determine), sharing her reasoning on Instagram at the time. “This was an ⑧_____ (incredible) tough decision for me to make...Through skiing, I hope to unite people, promote common understanding, create communication, and forge friendships between ⑨_____ (nation). If I can help to inspire one young girl ⑩_____ (break) a boundary, my wishes will have come true.” 十、阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Two young Chinese athletes placed a torch in the center of a giant snowflake during the opening ceremony of the Beijing 2022 Winter Olympic Games. One of the two athletes, Dinigeer Yilamujiang, was born in the Altay Prefecture, ①______ (locate)in the northern part of the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, ②______ (wide)acknowledged as the birthplace of human skiing. In earlier times, artifacts from Scandinavian and Russian archaeology proved the ③______ (exist)of ancient skiing, with the oldest found in Russia ④______ (date)back to 8,000-7,000years.In 2005, the record ⑤______ (break). A group of farmers in the Altay region went to a cave to hide from the rain, only ⑥______ (find)cave paintings describing men stepping on twin snowboards ⑦______ prey(猎物)carried on their backs. It turned out that, according to archaeologists' analyses, the cave paintings were drawn 12,000 years ago, some 4,000 years ⑧______ the artifacts from Russia were believed to have been made. After Beijing's successful bid to host the Winter Olympics, experts from 18 countries including Norway and Russia paid a visit to Altay to study the "potential origin of human skiing activity," after ⑨______ they jointly issued a declaration in 2015, recognizing Xinjiang's Altay as the ⑩______ (early)skiing region in the world. 二、故事类 一、阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。     The Goddess of the Luo River comes alive in a video, which was shared by Henan TV Station on social media platform Sina Weibo. The ancient tale of romance is given ①_____ new setting and still provides attractive viewing for a modern audience. The tale is presented in ②_____ seems like slow motion. Not ③_____(surprise), it became popular and has been viewed more than 20 million times.     The story of the Goddess of the Luo River has been the ④_____(inspire) for countless contemporary artists, who have described the goddess of unmatched beauty through ⑤_____(variety) art forms, like movies and dance dramas.     But the reason why the video, ⑥_____ runs for around two minutes and is titled Rhapsody on the Luo River Goddess, created such an impression and has generated such a wave of publicity, is that it ⑦_____(shoot) underwater. He Haohao plays the role of goddess. She masters not only her art but the technique of holding her breath as her lungs struggle to carry out ⑧_____(they) function. All this is done ⑨_____ the most peaceful facial expression.     It's not the first time that Henan TV Station has gained attention with its appealing videos ⑩_____(highlight) traditional Chinese culture. On Feb 13th, a dance piece, titled A Tang Dynasty Banquet, which is less than six minutes long, was staged during a gala aired on Henan TV Station to mark Spring Festival. 二、阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。     In the days when an ice cream cost much less, Tom, ①________ 8-year-old boy, entered a hotel coffee shop ②________ sat at a table. A waitress put a glass of water in front of him. "How much is an ice cream?" "Fifty-cents," replied the waitress. The little boy pulled ③________ right hand out of the pocket and studied a number of coins in it.     "How much is a dish of plain ice cream(纯冰淇淋)?" he asked. Some people were now waiting for her service and the waitress grew a bit ④________(patience)."Thirty-five cents," she said ⑤________(rude).The little boy carefully ⑥________ (count) the coins again. "I will have a plain ice cream," he said. The waitress walked ⑦________. The boy finished the ice cream, paid the cashier and left. It was not long ⑧________ the waitress came back and then she began to wipe down the table and suddenly was surprised ⑨________ what she saw. There, placed neatly beside the empty dish, were two nickels (五分镍币) and five ⑩________(penny) ...... her tip! 三、阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当单词或括号内单词的正确形式。     In 1863, the first underground passenger railway in the world opened in London. It ran for just under seven kilometers and allowed people to avoid terrible ①_______ (crowd) on the roads above as they travelled to and ②_______ work. It took three years to complete and was built using an interesting method. This included digging up the road, ③_______ (lay) the track and then building a strong roof over ④_______ top. When all those had been done, the road surface was replaced.     Steam engines ⑤_______ (use) to pull the carriages and it must have been ⑥_______ (fair) unpleasant for the passengers, with all the smoke and noise. However, the railway quickly proved to be a great success and within six months, more than 25,000 people were using ⑦_______ every day.     Later, engineers ⑧_______ (manage) to construct railways in a system of deep tunnels (隧道) , which became known as the Tube. This development was only possible with the ⑨_______ (introduce) of electric-powered engines and lifts. The Central London Railway was one of the most ⑩_______ (success) of these new lines, and was opened in 1900. It had white-painted tunnels and bright red carriages, and proved extremely popular with the public. 四、阅读下面短文,在空白处填写 1 个适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式。 An incredible dog has mastered more than just the doggy paddle(狗刨式游泳) — it helps disabled children learn how to surf. Ricochet's owner Judy said, “I was working with her at balance and coordination(协调). Her balance is ①_______ good that she can help to stabilize the board for the kids. And it makes them  feel  good  to  know  that  Ricochet  is  there  with  them, ②_______ (keep)  them company.” Ricochet helps the disabled children build up the confidence to get on the board themselves. ③_______ (dress) in a yellow jacket, Ricochet helps to counter-balance the board and acts as a comforting presence. Judy was ④_______ (severe) disabled since her teens. Having Ricochet around lifts her spirits, and  inspires her to conquer her pain to get on the board. “Ricochet has taught me to focus ⑤_______ what I can do, rather than what I can’t,” she said. A car crash ⑥_______ (leave) Ian, a six-year-old boy, with brain damage. ⑦_______ he had loved   surfing before the accident, he was too nervous to go back into the water. His fear turned to excitement, when he ⑧_______ (tell) he could try a tandem surf (双人冲浪) session with Ricochet. Their session was ⑨_______ (success) and by the end of it, Ian was smiling from ear to ear. Over the last 10 months,  Ricochet's  excellent ​⑩_______ (performance) have  raised £30,000 for a number of charity causes. 五、阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 I'm an international student from Bangladesh, working on a PhD program in Shanxi University. I've been in Taiyuan, the provincial capital of Shanxi, for two years since I ①_____ (admit) to the university. Over the two years, I found myself ②_____ (fall) in love with Taiyuan as I got more familiar with the city and the life here. Taiyuan has a history of more than 2.500 years. The ancient structures like Jinci are the material evidence to show you ③_____ ancient China looked like. My experience in Taiyuan is an opportunity to help ④_____ (broad) my view and life here is full of surprises. The pleasant changes are made possible ⑤_____ the help of my teachers and schoolmates. My teachers at Shanxi University are excellent. They ⑥_____ (high) value critical thinking and encourage us to conduct researches in ⑦_____ innovative manner. After a while at the university, I didn't feel much pressure in my study. I had much time to visit ⑧_____ (vary) parts of the city and I found it convenient ⑨_____ (hire) bicycles here. I liked to cycle and visit places I encountered randomly. The cycling ⑩_____ (tour) helped deepen my understanding of the city. 六、阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Happy Birthday to You is a happy song,①________the story behind it may not be known to all. Two sisters, Mildred Hill and Dr. Patty ②________(write)a song for children ③________(call) Good Morning to All. The song was sure to be ④________success due to ⑤________talents. The sisters published the song in 1893. Thirty-one years later, a gentleman by the name of Robert H. Coleman published the song without the sisters' ⑥________(permit). And ⑦________(make)matters worse, he added a second verse, which was the familiar Happy Birthday to You. Mr. Coleman's addition of the second verse⑧________(popular) the song and eventually, Happy Birthday to You, the one and only birthday song totally replaced the sisters' Good Morning to All. After Mildred died in 1916, Patty took Mr. Coleman to court. In court, she proved that she and her sister owned the melody. Because the family ⑨________(legal) owns the song, they are entitled to royalties from it whenever it is sung ⑩________commercial purposes. 七、阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。     Getting around the city when you are six months pregnant and have a two-year-old girl can be really ①_____(challenge). One spring afternoon, we went to one of the grocery ②_____(store) nearby to buy some food. There was no sign of rain ③_____ the store was just around the corner, so we went there without an umbrella. However, when we were about to leave the store, the rain came in full force and the streets ④_____(cover) with water within minutes.     I noticed a young Chinese couple staring at ⑤_____(we) when we came to a crossroad and were waiting for the light to change ⑥_____(patient). I figured they were probably wondering ⑦_____ a pregnant foreigner was dragging her little kid out through the rain. But as we crossed the street, the woman offered me her umbrella. I declined but she handed it to me and hurried off with her husband.     Though ⑧_____(catch) in the rain unexpectedly, we still treasure ⑨_____ memory and will remember the warmth and ⑩_____(kind) of the Chinese couple forever. 八、阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 It was an emotional moment for two women in China ①_____ the mother of the bridegroom discovered that her daughter-in-law was her biological daughter. The reunion occurred at the wedding in Suzhou on March 31.According to Sohu News, the discovery ②_____（make）after the mother noticed a birthmark on the bride's hand, which looked strikingly similar ③_____ that of her long-lost child. Determined to uncover the ④______（true），the woman gathered the courage ⑤_____（ask）the bride's parents whether she was adopted. After explaining her story and ⑥_____ same birthmark, the bride's parents ⑦_____（final）confirmed that their child had been adopted. Indeed, the bride was the woman's long-lost biological daughter. It turns out she went ⑧____（miss）as a child and was picked up by her adoptive parents on the roadside some two ⑨_____（decade）ago. The wedding would have been called off at this point, but the woman also revealed that her son was also adopted. The wedding proceeded as ⑩______（plan）. The story of joys and sorrows moved all the people present. The ending of the story is, as the idiom goes，"As You Like It. Photos of the bride crying and hugging her long-lost mother spread on Chinese social media. 九、阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。     The wildfires in Australia became considerably worse in January, 2020. The disaster faced by ①________ country is far from over. Many of the fires ②________ (send) smoke high into the atmosphere and some smoke turned into pyrocumulonimbus clouds. The clouds can help a fire draw in more air and shift surface winds, ③________ (result) in fire tornadoes (龙卷风). Fires have destroyed habitats for animals that ④________ (find) only in Australia, including koalas and rare birds. It will take time to fully know how much harm the fires have done ⑤________ wildlife. The wildfires are expected ⑥________ (continue) burning for months as Australia entered its dry season.     This past year, 2019, is the hottest and driest year on record. Fires happen ⑦________ (regular) during the Australian dry season. However, climate and natural changes fire making the situation ⑧________ (bad). At least 12 million acres have been burned so far in Victoria and New South Wales alone. Smoke from the fires has made ⑨________ to South America. There is so much smoke that it may stay in the air for months, ⑩________ could have a small effect on the planet's climate. 十、阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。     18-year-old Debbie Hall began his kindness marathon after he wanted to gift his own iPad to a friend in early 2020.     His mum asked him what skills he could use to raise cash, ①______ which he answered: "I can be kind." Since then the teen, who has learning difficulties, ②______ (perform) at least one act of kindness every day—more than l,600 in total.     He has walked neighbor's pets, washed cars—— ③______ even a boat—and baked cakes for nurses. The teen has also handed out bread ④______ (buy)with his pocket money to strangers, given 100 roses to 100 women ⑤______ (make) them smile.     Not only that but his deeds attracted £28,000, which he has given to charities. ⑥______ (great) encouraged, Debbie, the once shy boy said "Kindness ⑦______ (be) my superpower. I'm not stopping. I'll raise more money and make more people happy."     "⑧______ is hard for any young person to go up to random strangers and speak to them, and even ⑨______ (hard) for Debbie because he finds it really hard to find words himself. But he somehow found this inner ​⑩______ (strong) of being kind." said his mom. 三、科技类 一、阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。     The latest hit drama series named "Medal of the Republic" ①______ (arouse) enthusiastic discussion on Chinese social media. The series tells heart-warming stories about the first group of eight recipients of the Medal of the Republic, the country's ②______(high) honor for those ③______ have made great contributions to ④______ development of the People's Republic of China.     Among the recipients are combat ⑤______(hero) Li Yannian and Zhang Fuqing, nuclear physicist Yu Min, farmer Shen Jilan, satellite expert Sun Jiadong, "father of hybrid rice" Yuan Longping, nuclear scientist Huang Xuhua, and pharmacologist Tu Youyou.     The series is centered ⑥______ these people's devotion to their careers and ⑦______(continue) efforts to improve Chinese people's lives. Through the patriotism and the never-yielding spirit shown by these great people, the series hopes ⑧______(inspire) the younger generation.     According to the series' chief director Zheng Xiaolong, ⑨______(compare)to most documentaries that show the whole life of the featured individual, this series focuses ⑩______(specific) on the individuals' most shining moments. 二、阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。     Heard of the “metaverse” (元宇宙) lately? It has been hard not to. “Metaverse”, a ①________ (combine) of the prefix “meta”, meaning beyond and “verse”, which relates to the universe, has become the ②________ (late) buzzword (热词).     Facebook Chief Executive Mark Zuckerberg mentioned this term 16 times on a meeting ③________ (hold) last month. The future of Facebook, he said, is a metaverse, ④________ you can be physically present to hang out, play games, work and create.     But he didn’t coin the term. Neal Stephenson’s 1992 science fiction is regarded as the original inspiration for the concept. Tech giants want to play a role—preferably a ⑤________ (lead) one. Companies ranging from Intel Core to Unity Software made relevant plans last year. Apple Inc. is reported ⑥________ (work) on AR devices of its own currently.     But world through VR has plenty of drawbacks. There is still ongoing debate as to ⑦________ continual use of VR is safe. Some suggest parents avoid exposing their children to VR as their eyes are still developing. In addition, its target population interact little with people in real life, which ⑧________ (cause) concern in the past few years.     The last decade has seen AR and VR develop ⑨________ (remarkable). Metaverse, ⑩__________ a consequence, can be built as expected. But consumers will have to look before they leap. 三、阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。     Have you ever wondered ①________ you would do to solve math problems if you didn’t have a calculator or computer or even pencil and paper? People in China have used an ancient counting tool ②________(perform) mathematical operations. The Chinese calculator’s name is “suanpan”, but it is known ③________ “abacus” in English. Invented by Liu Hong, abacus is one of the symbols of Chinese people’s wisdom ④________(date) back to the 12th century.     Abacus has had a far-reaching influence on science and technology, language, literature, art, architecture and many ⑤________ fields of China and even some areas of the world. Meanwhile, abacus has affected people’s character, such as honesty and diligence. For centuries, this simple counting device (设备) ⑥________(pass) down through different dynasties with its original design and purpose ⑦________(actual) unchanged.     The calculations can be made on it immediately, with the device storing the results in “visual storage” much like a computer display. When working with an amount of ⑧________(number), an abacus is practically faster, since it has a ⑨________(good) “keyboard” than the Western calculators. Anyway, the small abacus has made an outstanding contribution in the fields of human intellectual development, just as the computer does in today’s ⑩________(social). 四、阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。     Thanks to an online facial recognition system, a ①______(China)man who was separated from his parents as a child has found his family.     Fu Gui, 33, was re-connected with his birth parents on April 1, 2018 after ②______(use) “Baby Come Home", a website that is ③______(special) used to help people find their missing relatives.     The website use a facial recognition system, ④______ matches the portraits offered by parents who are looking for their missing ⑤______(child) with people who are trying to find their parents.     This is the first time in China missing children and their parents ⑥______(be) re-connected with-the help of facial recognition technology.     As his father recalled, Fu Gui ⑦______(bear) in Chongqing, south-west China, in 1984 and went missing in 1990. ⑧______(find) his son, the man uploaded Fu Gui's information to the website "Baby Come Home" and attached a picture of Fu Gui ⑨______ he was little.     The re-connection of Fu Gui and his parents marked ⑩________ first case in China for missing children and their families to be matched with the help of facial recognition technology. 五、阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。     The Shenzhou-13 return capsule, carrying the three Chinese astronauts, Zhai Zhigang, Wang Yaping and Ye Guangfu, ①______(safe) landed back on Earth on Saturday morning after a record breaking six-month mission in space. China declared the Shenzhou-13 mission ②______ complete success after the medical team waiting on site confirmed that all three astronauts were ③______ good health.     Zhai, the commander of the mission, was the first ④______(come) out of the capsule, waving his hand to the cheering crowd on site with a big smile. He said he felt very good. He ⑤______(follow) by Wang, the first female Chinese astronaut who had entered China’s space station. “I want to tell my daughter, mom returned after reaching for the stars,” she said. Ye ⑥______(exit) last from the capsule.     “My first flight to space lasted six ⑦______(month), which was a challenge to me. My space dream came true,” he said.     During the six-month journey in the space station, the crew confirmed key technologies for the construction of the space station, ⑧______(involve) in-orbit transposition of spacecraft and robotic arm operation of heavy loads. Besides ⑨______(science) missions, the crew also gave two live science lectures from the space station, during ⑩________ they conducted various experiments and answered questions from students watching the class on Earth. 六、阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 For more than 12,000 years the tools of farming ①______(develop) from hoes to horse-drawn plows to high-tech tractors. Now, as we face the all-time challenge of feeding eight billion people, the tools of agriculture are changing once again. A drone (无人机) circling high above the countryside gives a farmer an overall overview into what is happening on their land. Equipped with specialized ②______ (camera), drones provide real-time data on crops, locating areas that need watering, weeding, or treating, and even ③____ (perform) some of those tasks themselves. ④______ (similar), drones can track herds of cattle or sheep over vast areas, helping to identify sickness and locate lost animals more efficiently than man alone. Meanwhile, on the ground, autonomous robots, which ⑤______ (design) to drill, sow, water, weed, treat, and even harvest crops, could be the key to micro-managing large areas of farmland. These robots work ⑥______ a team, communicating constantly with one another while independently making precise decisions on exactly what is needed centimeter by centimeter. Alongside drones and robots, a ⑦______ (combine) of sensors, hand-held devices and Apps, is making it easier ⑧______ (gather) valuable information on everything from soil health to crop growth. Armed with these new tools, farmers will have ⑨______ (great) control of their resources than ever before, at a time ⑩______ maximizing agricultural productivity has become a global priority. 七、阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。     Face recognition technology has made the journey from science fiction fancy ①______ the everyday familiar thing in our lives. In particular, facial recognition can be divided into two separate ②______ (technique) for identifying individuals: face detection and face identification. Face detection refers to ③______ (find) a human face within an image and identifying the measurements, relative placement and size of facial features. Face identification determines the identity of ④______ human face by comparing it with existing photos in a database.     Japan’s NEC ⑤______ (develop) face recognition technology in the late 1990s. Its NeoFace system can ⑥______ (accurate) identify human faces both in still images and videos. Recognition can be performed while subjects are walking naturally, ⑦______ means that there’s no need to remain still in front of a camera.     In the past few years, many new applications for face recognition technology ⑧______ (appear). For example, in office building cafeterias, face recognition technology can shorten the check-out process. Banks can also employ the system ⑨______ (detect) VIP customers once they have entered the bank. With both security and ​⑩______ (convenient) in mind, NEC attempts to use face recognition technology in building a better future for all. 八、阅读下面材料,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Halverson launched Waitz App with his roommates in UC San Diego after being frustrated by the lack of open spaces at the University's library. "I was walking up and down several ①_____ (floor)of UCSD's Geisel Library trying to find a seat, only ②_____ (see)no space available, " Halverson said. "I said to myself out loud, 'I wish I knew ③_____ busy every floor was before I came!' " This fall, students in UCSD can monitor seats through Waitz App, seeing which areas of the library have free seats without ④_____ (have)to physically visit it themselves. It uses the Internet to determine the number of people in a ⑤_____ (give)space. Sensors, ⑥_____ can scan for Bluetooth and Wi-Fi signals, are fixed into the walls. The signals ⑦_____ (change)into live occupancy data which are displayed in the monitors and on the mobile app. According to Halverson, the sensors have at least 90% ⑧_____ (accurate)and do not collect any ⑨_____ (person) information. Using the app, they can identify their best bets for ⑩_____ alternative space-and to know before they go to the library where's the best place to find a spot. 九、阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。     Over the past 3 decades great scientific breakthroughs ①________(make) in China. And a piece of good news: newly-developed robotic hands were displayed at ②________ sci-tech exhibition last Tuesday in East China’s Anhui province. The robotic arms, developed by researchers at the University of Science and Technology of China (USTC), have advanced ③________ (grasp) abilities compared with those on the market. They can complete flexible movements including picking up pieces of paper, bowls, soft tofu and cakes and placing ④________ (they) in certain places accurately. With the arms, robots can grasp and place different objects ⑤________ (steady) after judging the shape and size of the item.     "Imported robotic arms with such functions ⑥________ (be) very expensive and the current robotic arms in China can hardly conduct such complex movements. ⑦________, the new robotic arms cost no more than 1,000 yuan, ⑧________ gives them an advantage for much wider ⑨________ (apply)“ said Chen Xiaoping, director of the Robotics Laboratory at USTC. According to Chen, the arms will be first fixed on ”Kejia“, a home service robot developed by USTC, and are expected ​⑩________ (use) in more fields such as the elderly care services and logistics in the future. 十、阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 It's hard to keep up with technology, especially when science fiction becomes science fact. For decades, we ①______（watch）movies about a future with flying cars. This week, we saw a real one. A prototype flying AirCar ②______（successful）completed a test flight between two cities in Slovakia. The 90km journey took 35 minutes. AirCar is from a company ③______（call）Klein Vision. The company founder said，④______（fly）at a height of 2,500 metres and a speed of 185kph,it has turned science fiction into a ⑤______（real）.” AirCar is a road-legal car ⑥______ transforms into an aircraft in less than three minutes. AirCar CEO Professor Stefan Klein flew and landed the vehicle ⑦______ its test flight. After landing at Bratislava Airport, he pushed one button ⑧______（turn）the aircraft into a sports car and drove it into downtown Bratislava. He described ⑨______ flight as "normal" and "very pleasant". His company is working on a newer AirCar. This will have a much ⑩______（power）engine that is capable of a cruising speed of 300 kph and a range of 1,000 kilometres. The newer model will be a four-seater as opposed to the two-seater that was recently tested. 四、历史文化类 一、阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式. Chinese Zodiac (生肖) Story     According to the legend the Jade Emperor(ruler of heaven) would like to measure time by twelve different animals. He told animals that he would hold a great race on his birthday, the prize of ①_______ was twelve positions on the Chinese zodiac calendar.     The cat asked the rat to help it sign up, ②_______ the rat forgot its promise, so the cat wasn’t included. Thereafter, the cat and rat were ③_______(enemy).     The ox was ④_______(original) first, but he was so kind that he agreed ⑤_______(carry) the little rat across the river. Just as they were about to reach ⑥_______ other side of the river, the rat jumped off the ox’s back and crossed the finish line ⑦_______(one). So, the rat became the top of the zodiac animals, and the ox had been tricked into the second place.     The 12 animal signs of the Chinese zodiac ⑧_______(divide) into 2 categories by Chinese philosophy—Yin and Yang Theory. Yin is receptive and feminine; while Yang is ⑨_______(act) and masculine (阳性的). It’s believed that odd (奇数的) numbers belong to yang and even numbers belong to yin.     The yin or the yang of the animal is defined based on the number of ⑩________(they) toes. The 12 animals are arranged in an alternating yin-yang sequence. 二、阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式.     Chinese weddings are as much about the happy couple as they are about their respective families. The weddings are ①_____(impress) affairs that focus on blessings of happiness. The date of the wedding ceremony is chosen not ②_____ chance. Many couples carefully choose a favorable date ③_____(bring) success to their marriage. The ceremony can last anywhere from four hours to three days, ④_____ depends on how many Chinese wedding traditions are observed.     The Chinese wedding invitation is ⑤_____(typical) red with a golden Double Happiness symbol, dates for the wedding and names of the bride and bridegroom ⑥_____(include) inside.     While Chinese wedding traditions have modernized and no longer involve a large procession, the journey to pick up the bride ⑦_____(be) still a lively affair. It can involve ⑧_____ use of firecrackers, playing of drums and gongs, or even a lion dance.     Another vital tradition, the Chinese tea ceremony (Jing Cha), ⑨_____(perform) at Chinese weddings to express the new couple's respect, gratitude, and ⑩_____(appreciate) for their parents' love, support, and effort in raising them. A red tea set with a Double Happiness symbol is used for the tea ceremony. 三、阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Several large wooden constructions ①______(date) back to the Neolithic era(新石器时代) were unearthed at the Jijiaocheng ruins site, a prehistoric cultural site located in Changde City, central China's Hunan Province. First discovered in 1978，the site used ②______(be) a city from the Qujialing culture period (3300 BC-2600 BC) —a Neolithic civilization, ③______ had roots in the middle and upper reaches of the Yangtze River primarily ④______(find) in today's Hunan and Hubei provinces. Researchers ⑤______(conduct) three excavations(挖掘) at the southwestern part of the city wall since 2020. More than 30 housing sites were discovered at the 721-square-meter area, ⑥______ a number of wooden architectural relics unearthed that were built 4,800 years ago. Researchers think they are the most complete and ⑦______(early) wooden structure building foundation in China. Besides, remains of rice husks (外壳) were also found at the site, covering ⑧______ area of 80 square meters. Researchers believe ⑨______(strong) the new findings will enrich the architectural history of prehistoric China. "The ⑩______(discover) helps us understand the overall architectural style of the Yangtze River Basin," said Zhao Hui, a professor at Peking University School of Archaeology and Museology. 四、阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式. People say that the real culture of Beijing exists ①______ the culture of hutong and siheyuan. The hutongs ②______ (locate) in Beijing are formed by lanes of siheyuan, which is a type of residence in ③______ houses are purposely built to form squares or rectangles. In the mid 20th century, several hutongs in Beijing were torn down to pave the way for the ④______ (develop) of the city. However, since then, thanks to efforts designed to safeguard this ⑤______ (significance) aspect of the Chinese architectural culture, many hutongs ⑥______ (preserve). Because of the interlacement(交织)of the lanes, every house is connected to the other, making ⑦______ easy for local people to keep in touch with their neighbors. ⑧______, once one enters any of them, one can feel the deep and warm relationships among people, which is rarely found in this modern world. Gossiping in these lanes ⑨______ (be)a common scene as it is the main way for people ⑩______ (strong)their relationship. Where there is such a lane, there is a story. 五、阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Students in first and second grade should have no written exams while students in other grades at primary schools should only have one final exam every semester, ①_____Ministry of Education said on Monday. In a notice aimed at reducing the excessive academic workload of primary and middle school students, the ministry said middle schools will be allowed ②_____(organize) one test in the middle of the semester and one at the end. Some schools ③_____(give) too many tests that are too difficult. As a result, students have to frequently study hard, ④_____(lead) to an exam-oriented education and a heavy academic burden, the ministry said, adding that the practice has harmed ⑤_____(student) psychological and physical health and must be rectified. Local education ⑥_____(authority) should not organize regional or interscholastic exams, and schools and classes should not organize weekly or monthly tests, the notice said. In addition, schools should ⑦_____(strict) regulate the content of their final exams and make sure the difficulty does not go beyond the national syllabus (教学大纲). The exam questions should focus on basic knowledge and skills, ⑧_____ the number of questions focusing on rote (死记硬背的) learning should ⑨_____(reduce), the notice said. Moreover, the exam results should be divided ⑩_____ four or five grades, without giving specific scores, the notice added. 六、阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当单词或括号内单词的正确形式。     In 1863, the first underground passenger railway in the world opened in London. It ran for just under seven kilometers and allowed people to avoid terrible ①_______ (crowd) on the roads above as they travelled to and ②_______ work. It took three years to complete and was built using an interesting method. This included digging up the road, ③_______ (lay) the track and then building a strong roof over ④_______ top. When all those had been done, the road surface was replaced.     Steam engines ⑤_______ (use) to pull the carriages and it must have been ⑥_______ (fair) unpleasant for the passengers, with all the smoke and noise. However, the railway quickly proved to be a great success and within six months, more than 25,000 people were using ⑦_______ every day.     Later, engineers ⑧_______ (manage) to construct railways in a system of deep tunnels (隧道) , which became known as the Tube. This development was only possible with the ⑨_______ (introduce) of electric-powered engines and lifts. The Central London Railway was one of the most ⑩_______ (success) of these new lines, and was opened in 1900. It had white-painted tunnels and bright red carriages, and proved extremely popular with the public. 七、阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。​     The colorful clothes we wear today are made by machines. But what did ancient people do if they wanted to wear ①_______(some) colorful? Tie-dye(扎染) was a way to do this.     More than 1 000 years ago, the Bai people in Yunan used tie-dye to dye their clothes. Then this skill became so popular ②_______ people gave tie-dye clothes to the emperor as gifts.     To tie-dye, you need to first use tools ③_______ (tie), sew, or clip(夹住)your cloth. Then the folded cloth ④_______ (put)in dye. The Bai people usually make blue dye from ⑤_______ plant.     As the cloth is folded, some parts become dark blue, while other parts have a ⑥_______ (light) color. When you unfold the cloth, you will see beautiful patterns.     ⑦_______ the 1960s,tie-dye became a fashion trend in the US. People tie-dyed T-shirts and jeans in ⑧_______ (imagine)ways. Many children in the US still learn tie-dye in their art ⑨_______ (class).     At a recent famous show, an Italian designer surprised people with the tie-dye dresses. “Tie-dye is like an experiment. People cannot imagine the patterns of the cloth if they don’t see them. It’s a surprise,” the designer said. There is no doubt that the tie-dye trend has never really ⑩_______ (go)away. 八、阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1 个适当单词或括号内单词的正确形式。     As the world sees more and more extreme weather patterns, it is becoming increasingly difficult to ignore the effects of climate change. It is now ①_______ common topic of discussion and has even found its way into the books we read. Because of this, a genre(类型) ②_______ (call) climate fiction, or cli-fi, has found new life.     The term “cli-fi” ③_______ (use) for the first time in 2007 by US climate activist and writer Dan Bloom. He wanted to make “climate fiction” more ④_______ (appeal). According to Bloom, the term really gained ⑤_______ (popular) when Canadian writer Margaret Atwood used it in a tweet, ⑥_______ (introduce) it to her half-a-million followers. ​     Just ⑦_______ the name suggests, climate fiction refers to stories with the central theme of climate change or global warming. These kinds of books can help us imagine ⑧_______ the world might be like in the future because of major climate change events.     The genre is welcome among college students because it usually looks at topics that ⑨_______ (be) relevant to what is really happening today. Cli-fi has also helped to inspire students to pursue science majors, with some universities even offering courses ⑩_______ (special) focusing on climate fiction. 九、阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。     Bing Dwen Dwen, ①_______ cute mascot of the Beijing 2022 Winter  Olympics,  has been  selling like hotcakes. Why is the ice-glazed panda so popular? What are the ②_______ (innovation) ideas behind its design? Professor Cao Xue, ③_______ is in charge of the Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics mascot design team, told the CMG the story.     Cao Xue ④_______ (clear) remembers the exciting day of September 17, 2019, when the Organizing Committee of the Winter Olympic Games officially announced the mascot ⑤_______ (design) by his team as that of the Beijing Winter Olympic Games. ⑥_______ discussion by many scholars, the mascot got a new name — “Bing Dwen Dwen”. During that time, there ⑦_______ (be) almost no holidays, and they ended up ⑧_______ (complete) over 10,000 manuscripts.  In the  end, Bing Dwen Dwen, based on a panda, ⑨_______ (select) from nearly 6,000 entries from 35 countries and regions.     Bing Dwen Dwen captures attention with its full-body “shell” made out of ice. Cao said the ​⑩_______ (inspire)  came  from  traditional  Chinese  snack  “ice-sugar  gourd,”  also  known  as tanghulu, while the shell also resembles a space suit. 十、阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式.     The Song Dynasty was an exciting period in Chinese history. At the height of ①_____(it) power, the country's population doubled. The fast growing economy and strong ②_____ the rulers helped the development of technology and the expansion of knowledge. During this period, a huge number of technological innovations emerged. Many of them had significant practical ③_____(apply).     One particular invention from this period made a mark on the world: moveable-type printing(活字印刷)—that is, individual blocks that could each print a single character and then ④_____(use) again. This technology finally emerged in Europe several centuries later. The Chinese language uses a huge number of characters, ⑤_____ most European languages use individual letters. Printing texts made up of individual letters ⑥_____(require) fewer blocks. This invention produced an enormous change in ⑦_____(write) communication in Europe and made it easier for a ⑧_____(grow) number of people to learn to read. The Chinese were also the first to invent the compass, ⑨_____ changed how sailors navigated the seas. Together with star charts(星图)—another Chinese invention—and ​maps, the compass made sea travel much ⑩_____(safe). 五、社会环境类 一、阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式.     The college entrance examination (CEE) is coming. It was resumed in ①_____ 1970s. It is very ②_____(compete). Anyone ③_____ wants to take the exam always makes ④_____(prepare) for it for a long time. ⑤_____ it comes to CEE, not only ⑥_____ it test the students, but also it tests the parents.     They are more nervous ⑦_____ the kids. Only you insist on ⑧_____(study) hard, you must benefit ⑨_____ the CEE. It is time that you ⑩_____(struggle) for your dream. 二、阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式. The skyscraper(摩天大楼)became the standard design of a modern, global city in the 20th century. So much so that by the end of last century, centers of many big cities around the world began ①______ (look) alike. As we entered the 21st century, many designers began to ask ②______ (they): Is this ③______ we want our cities to look? Must our cities give up their individual identities to become modern? Some ④______ (architect) have responded to these questions by incorporating traditional design elements into their skyscrapers. Others are returning ⑤______ local traditions and, often, local materials. In China, internationally famous architect Wang Shu wants to bring a breath of fresh air to modern design. He is creating designs in which modern concrete and Chinese traditional building practices coexist. Traditional Chinese buildings, ⑥______ (include)homes, often have green spaces on the inside. Wang says that the most important thing for Chinese people is "living in some ⑦______ (peace)place with trees, water, and your family together." He keeps this idea in mind and reuses old materials in his new buildings. Some buildings contain⑧______ (recycle)bricks and tiles from constructions that ⑨______ (build)hundreds of years ago. Wang believes this is what gives ⑩______ building its spirit and makes it feel alive. 三、阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式.     Chinese weddings are as much about the happy couple as they are about their respective families. The weddings are ①_____(impress) affairs that focus on blessings of happiness. The date of the wedding ceremony is chosen not ②_____ chance. Many couples carefully choose a favorable date ③_____(bring) success to their marriage. The ceremony can last anywhere from four hours to three days, ④_____ depends on how many Chinese wedding traditions are observed.     The Chinese wedding invitation is ⑤_____(typical) red with a golden Double Happiness symbol, dates for the wedding and names of the bride and bridegroom ⑥_____(include) inside.     While Chinese wedding traditions have modernized and no longer involve a large procession, the journey to pick up the bride ⑦_____(be) still a lively affair. It can involve ⑧_____ use of firecrackers, playing of drums and gongs, or even a lion dance.     Another vital tradition, the Chinese tea ceremony (Jing Cha), ⑨_____(perform) at Chinese weddings to express the new couple's respect, gratitude, and ⑩_____(appreciate) for their parents' love, support, and effort in raising them. A red tea set with a Double Happiness symbol is used for the tea ceremony. 四、阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Chinese net users have called for a boycott (抵制) of Hennes Mauritz AB ①______ it won't use cotton from Xinjiang. The company arouse widespread anger for ②______（it）previous statement deeply ③______ (concern) about reports of "forced labor" in Northwest China's Xinjiang Uygur autonomous region. Major e-commerce sites such as Alibaba Group's Taobao and JD.com ④______ (pull) products related to retailer H&M since Wednesday evening. Several Chinese celebrities，⑤______(include) actor Huang Xuan, and singer and actress Song Qian, announced around ⑥______ same time on Wednesday that they have terminated contracts with the global clothing brand, and "steadfastly object to" any action aimed at smearing or spreading misinformation about China and its people. The Communist Youth League, the Party's organization for young people, took to Weibo to criticize H&M for "finding fault. ⑦______ Xinjiang cotton". The U. S. and some other Western governments accuse China of sending as many as I million Muslim Uyghurs to internment (拘留) camps and ⑧______(force) them to work. China categorically denies all accusations regarding Xinjiang Uyghurs as "lies". Beijing says it is lifting the region out of ⑨______ (poor) building infrastructure(基础设施) ⑩______(improve) the economy and ensuring children receive education. The government says these efforts help it counter extremism in the region. 五、阅读下面短文，在空格处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 With the rapid spread of western culture, a ①__________ (grow) number of Chinese people prefer western holidays to Chinese traditional ones. When Christmas or Valentine's Day ②__________ (come), youngsters will flood into bars, restaurants, or department stores to celebrate these festivals, but actually they don't know much about Chinese traditional festivals. The reason behind this social phenomenon is obvious: in a society controlled by mass media and consumerism, festivals and holidays from abroad ③__________ (identify) as fashionable and new, while traditional ones are usually something out of date and old. Young people all over the world have regarded western life style，④__________ (especial) the life in Hollywood films，⑤__________ their goal of life. As a consequence, it is no wonder ⑥__________ Chinese young people have much more affection for Christmas. We should think about the influence of such ⑦__________ social phenomenon carefully. It is obvious that the wide spread and recognition of western holidays is ⑧__________ (harm) to our traditional value. If we don't take some ⑨__________ (measure) right now, some day in the future, Chinese cultural heritage may be strange to our grandchildren. It is high time for the government and all people ⑩__________ (take) action to protect our traditional culture. 六、阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1 个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。     Tuesday, February 22, ①_______(know)as one of the most “love” days in China's recent memory, because the number "two" in Chinese is very similar to the word “love” in ②_______(pronounce).     On this special day, many Chinese people decide to get married ③_______(add)meaning to their special day. At about 9 a.m., Jiang Shaoxin and Wang Yi came to ④_______ marriage registration office in Yuzhong District, Chongqing, Southwest China.     The couple got a marriage certificate, ⑤_______(make)a lifelong commitment(承诺) to each other. The two said that on February 22,two days after the closing of the 2022 Winter Olympics in Bei-jing, they reflected ⑥_______(they)own kismet(天命)through a series of surprising coincidences. Jiang and Wang met at a ski club ⑦_______they both practiced snowboarding. Their common inter-est soon turned into love. ⑧_______the Beijing Winter Olympics, they watched the competition together and cheered for their favorite athletes Gu Ailing and Su Yiming.     February 22 is the day with the ⑨_______(many) “two” numbers this year. It even falls on Tuesday, which is called “working day two” in Chinese. Chinese people think that even two ​means auspicious (吉祥) ⑩_______it can refer to a pair or a couple. 七、阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。​     China Post issued a set of special stamps for the Year of the Tiger on Wednesday, ①_______(mark) the 42nd constant year since it issued the first zodiac (生肖) stamps in 1980. Unlike last year, where there was only one stamp, this time there are two, each describing a different scene. The set costs 2.40 yuan.     The first stamp ②_______ (name) “Guoyun Changlong,” which means “national fortune and prosperity”. ③_______ describes a strong tiger staring into the distance, artistically displaying the ④(determine) and ambition of China to develop itself in the new year.     Meanwhile, ⑤_______ stamp “Huyun Jixiang” shows a heartwarming picture where a gentle mother tiger tends to her two baby tigers, extending the best ⑥_______ (wish) for family harmony and happiness to people.     Stamp designer Feng Dazhong says stamp design is not only an artistic creation ⑦_______ bears a part of social responsibility and that as an artist, he is responsible to ⑧_______ (brave) assume this work.     It is known to all ⑨_______ stamps are works of art on paper. It allows the artistic creation of famous artists ⑩_______ (enter) thousands of households in the most convenient way. Through the square inch stage, the light of art can bloom without limit. 八、阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Uploading a picture or video from a scenic spot to sites such as Douyin and Kuaishou ①______ (know) in China as daka, meaning "punching the card". The aim is not to produce a well-crafted video or beautiful photograph, but simply ②______ (show) that you have also been to the places that are popular. The beauty of the attraction is ③______ (important) than the fact that people are flocking there to daka. A subculture has developed of young people ④______ embrace daka as a lifestyle. So-called daka zu-"daka tribes"-can be found wandering Chongqing and other cities, checking ⑤______ at as many hot locations as possible within a single day. Just as shops and restaurants in other countries try to attract customers with decorations that might be a backdrop (背景)for Instagram pictures, ⑥______ in China try to make themselves as daka-friendly as possible: a coffee shop ⑦______ (build)inside a shipping container, for example. The daka craze may have ⑧______ (practice)origins. China's young urban professionals have little vacation time. In their first year at a company, ⑨______ (employ)can expect at most one day of vacation. They are ⑩______(routine)expected to work overtime for no pay. So workers need to make the most of their limited leisure time. Douyin captures the mood with its slogan: "Make every second count." 九、阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 A new study, ①_____(publish) last week, provides evidence of a sharp increase in the number of obese and overweight children and young adults worldwide during just 40 years.     The researchers studied obesity rates among children and young people, ②_____ 5 and 19 years of age. This was one of the biggest epidemiological ③_____(study) ever done. They used the information ④_____(get) the Body Mass Index measurements of the subjects.     The most ⑤_____(strike) changes have taken place in Middle Income Countries. The WHO defines Middle Income Countries as places ⑥_____ a person normally earns from $1,045 to $12,736 every year. Ezzati says obesity has ⑦_____ effect on children, with some evidence ⑧_____(suggest) it can affect their educational performance.     The report is calling for policymakers to find ways to make healthy food more available at home and school, ⑨_____(particular) in poorer families and communities. ⑩_____ also calls for higher taxes on unhealthy foods. Being overweight can cause many diseases later in life, including heart disease, stroke, diabetes and some cancers. 十、阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式.     If you stop a random person on the street in China, there's ①_____ pretty good chance that their surname would be either Wang, Li, Zhang, Liu or Chen.     That's because those are the five most common surnames in China. There are a few reasons for this: China is less racially diverse than countries such as the U.S., in ②_____ quantities of minority groups increase surname diversity. It also ③_____(have) to do with language. You can't just add a stroke to a Chinese character ④_____ random and create a new surname, like the way you add a letter to an English name.     But there's also another factor at play: technology. China's digital revolution has ⑤_____(dramatic) transformed daily life, and many of these systems rely on a ⑥_____(limit) list of standardized Chinese characters. To try to address this, experts have increased the database from 32,000 characters to 70,000 characters. They're still working to expand it ⑦_____(include) more than 90,000 characters. "The culture of surnames ⑧_____(pass) down in our country for thousands of years with a deep and broad influence," said the Ministry of Public Security. By the Song Dynasty, a book called the Hundred Family Surnames ⑨_____(list) several hundreds of the most common surnames, had become a classic text taught to children. Chinese surnames are central to people's ⑩_____(identity); they hold origin stories, reveal historic patterns of migration, and represent a direct tie to a person's ancestry and heritage. 六、健康环保类 一、阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。     Having extended the record of Chinese astronauts' ①_____(long) stay in space in a single flight mission to 90 days, the Shenzhou 12 mission crew ②_____(return) to earth at the designated Dongfeng landing site in the Gobi desert on Friday, ③_____(mark) a successful conclusion of the first crewed mission at the country's space station building stage.      The Shenzhou 12 return module separated from the orbiting module at 12:43 pm on Friday, then ④_____(follow) by a smooth separation from the propellant, according to the China manned space agency. Carrying the three ⑤_____(taikonaut)—mission commander Nie Haisheng and his fellow members, Liu Boming and Tang Hongbo, the return capsule touched down at the landing site at 1:34 pm. The homecoming heroes did not have to wait too long ⑥_____the search and rescue team reached them after their landing. They were confirmed ⑦_____ good condition after they touched down ⑧_____(safe) at the Dongfeng landing site. ⑨_____ whole process was so smooth that Tang Hongbo was seen playing with the pen during the process of returning to earth. "Real gold ⑩​_____(fear) no fire", Nie Haisheng joked with his fellow crew as they entered the earth's atmosphere. 二、阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Chinese Olympic gold medalist Zhang Jiaqi and French football star Kylian Mbappe revealed (透露) on Thursday the names of the newborn giant panda cubs(幼兽) at Beauval Zoo in central France. More than 120,000 French netizens have cast their vote to choose Huan Lili and Yuan Dudu ①_____ five pairs of names for the twin cubs, zoo officials said, ②_____(add) that the two names represent the ③_____(friend) between France and China as well as the wish for good health to the cubs. The twin cubs were born to mother Huan Huan and father Yuan Zai in August. The parents ④_____(arrive) in France in 2012. "In about two months, another panda, one of the Beijing 2022 Olympic Winter Games mascots, Bing Dwen Dwen, ⑤_____(draw) the world's attention in my hometown Beijing. I also look forward to meeting athletes from around the world in Paris in 2024," Zhang told journalists. Mbappe said that it was a memorable moment ⑥_____ (participate) in such an event with an Olympic champion. He felt proud and honored. Yu Jinsong, Charge d'affaires of the Chinese Embassy to France, said that Huan Huan and Yuan Zai have been expanding their family ⑦_____ they arrived, thanks to the joint efforts of Beauval Zoo and China's Chengdu Research Base of Giant Panda Breeding. They are symbols of Sino-French friendship. In 2017, Huan Huan gave birth to twin cubs, the first panda ⑧_____ (baby) born in France. The first cub died ⑨_____(short) after its birth and ⑩_____ second one was named Yuan Meng. 三、阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Environmentalists are getting more worried about the harmful effects of fast fashion on the environment. Fast fashion is the mass production of clothes at a low cost, which are put in shops and online quickly ①_______(create) a high demand. Manufacturers(制造商) make 100 billion items of clothing every year and this is expected to grow ②_______ 60 percent by 2030. It is reported ③_______ many of the clothes end up in the trash and are not recycled. The way people are buying clothes also adds to the problem of clothing waste. Many years ago, people went to stores and ④_______(try) clothes on. They took more time and thought ⑤_______(careful) before they bought clothes. They also wore them for a much ⑥_______ (long) time compared with current consumers. Today, people order cheap clothes on the Internet for ⑦_______(convenient) and if they don't like them, they throw them away. This is possibly leading to ⑧_______ throwaway society. Another negative effect on the environment that can not ⑨_______(ignore) is caused by the chemicals used to make the clothes. These chemicals cause pollution to the environment as well as health problems for people ⑩_______(work) in clothes factories. 四、阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 A theme park in France started a new and environmentally-friendly way ①_____ (deal) with litter. It has trained six rooks(白嘴鸦) to pick up rubbish. Rooks are members of the crow family. The birds have been trained to pick up cigarette ②_____ (end), paper and other things ③_____ (throw) on the ground. The birds pick up the litter and put it in a trash can. This gives the crows food as a reward. The more litter the birds put in the trash, the more food ④_____ get. The head of the park ⑤_____ (give) several reasons for using the crows. He said: "The goal is not just to clean up...but also to demonstrate ⑥_____ nature itself can teach us to take care of the environment." Crows are sociable and ⑦_____ (intelligence). They may be as smart as a seven-year-old child. The theme park head said: "In ⑧_____ affectionate, supportive atmosphere, they like to communicate with humans and ⑨_____(establish) a relationship through play." The crows are quick workers. They can fill a bucket ⑩_____ rubbish in less than 45 minutes. 五、阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Space junk(垃圾) is anything humans have placed in space but no longer use. The junk floats around hundreds of kilometers above Earth. Experts say the main worry is ①______ such junk will hit a space station, satellites or other ②______(equip). Space junk orbits around Earth very fast-about 25,000 kilometers per hour in low-Earth orbit. The junk can ③______(absolute) lead to major damage if ④______ hits satellites or spacecraft. With ⑤______ number of satellite deployments(部署) going up, near-Earth space is likely ⑥______ (see) more space junk in the coming years. Russia is not the only country that ⑦______(destroy) a satellite since the start of space exploration. The United States and India have also carried out anti-satellite missile tests. The American space agency NASA says junk in orbits 600 kilometers or less from Earth will fall back to the planet within several years. But the space junk above 1,000 kilometers ⑧______(expect) to continue circling for a century or more. In addition to ⑨______ (be) a threat to space property and astronauts, space junk also increases the cost for satellite operators. Industry experts have estimated that protection and reduction ⑩______(effort) to deal with space junk make up about 5-10 percent of satellite mission costs. 六、阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。     A herd(群)of wild elephants that hiked northward for months last year was recently spotted ①_______(enter) Wild Elephant Valley in Yunnan province. “The adults and babies in the herd are all in good health,” said Chen Fei, ②_______ (direct) of the National Forestry and Grassland Administration's Asian Elephant Research Center. The herd still has 14 members, but Chen said that could include some new members as it ③_______ (possible) came into contact with other groups along the route.  “We have not introduced electronic identity chips for elephant monitoring,” Chen said. “Observers usually recognize different groups ④_______ (base) on their years of experience and some special features on the elephants' bodies.” Yunnan is the only place in China where wild Asian elephants ⑤_______ (find).They live in the south of the province - in Xishuangbanna and the cities of Pu'er and Lincang. The Asian elephant, ⑥_______ is included on the International Union for Conservation of Nature Red List of Threatened Species as “endangered”, enjoys Class-A protection in China, the same level afforded to the ⑦_______ (adore) giant panda. Yunnan has established 11 nature reserves with a total area of 414,600 hectares(公顷), nearly double ⑧_______ amount in the 1980s. The province has also piloted the use of elephant canteens ⑨_______ (solve) the problem of human-elephant conflict.     Thanks to the determined protection efforts in recent decades, the Asian elephant population in China has risen ⑩_______ 170 in the 1970s to 300. 七、阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。     Kim Cobb, a professor at the Georgia Institute of Technology in Atlanta, is one of a small but growing minority of academics ①_____ are cutting back on their air travel because of climate change. Travelling to conferences, lectures, workshops, and the like—frequently by plane—②_____(view) as important for scientists to get together and exchange information. But Cobb and others ③_____(be) now questioning that idea—pushing conferences to provide more chances to participate remotely​ and ④_____(change) their personal behavior to do their part in dealing with the climate change crisis. On a website called No Fly Climate Sci, for example, ⑤_____(rough) 200 academics—many of them climate scientists ⑥_____(promise) to fly as little as possible since the effort started two years ago.     Cobb, for her party, started to ask conference organizers who invited her to speak ⑦_____ she could do so remotely; about three-quarters of ⑧_____ time, they agreed. When the answer, was no, she declined the⑨_____(invite). That approach brought Cobb's air travel last year down by 75%, and she plans ⑩_____ (continue) the practice. "It has been fairly rewarding." she says—"a really positive change." 八、阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。     In recent years, climate change in the Arctic has drawn many scientists’ attention. Both research and ①________(explore) in the Arctic are fundamental to understanding and dealing with climate change issues. With the melting of Arctic ice, the polar region could provide an opportunity to ②________ (well) understand the effects of global warming. The Arctic is ③________ great importance, among other things, for the environment, trade, investment, energy and security. It is estimated ④________ (have) a quarter of the world’s oil and natural gas. China has a clear Arctic policy, explained in a White Paper, ⑤________ corresponds well with the concept of a "Polar Silk Road".     Thanks to global warming, Arctic ice is melting, ⑥________ (open) up the possibility of a "Northern shipping route" via the Northwest, Central and Northeast ⑦________ (passage). Shipping time between China and Europe via the Arctic would be shorter than ⑧________ existing one through the Indian Ocean and Suez Canal. Although this does not mean the “Northern route” would replace these established ones, it would represent a new chance, ⑨________ (particular) in the trade of energy and minerals. As issued in the white paper, great importance ​⑩________ (attach) to voyage security in the Arctic shipping routes and studies on the routes by China these years. 九、阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。     Chinese astronauts successfully carried out the country's first spacewalk outside their space station-a ①_______(significance) milestone in its rapidly expanding space program.     The spacewalk is only the second by Chinese astronauts since the Shenzhou 7 manned mission (任务)of 2008, which ②_______ (conduct) outside a spacecraft.     China launched three astronauts into space in June. On Sunday morning, two of them left the core module(核心舱) of the space station called Tiangong. During ③_______ spacewalk, they tested new-generation spacesuits, fit equipment, and tested the station's robotic arm.     According to the plan, there ④_______ (be) another spacewalk during the astronauts' orbital flight, ⑤_______, lasting three months, will be China's longest crewed mission.     As part of its plans to have a ⑥_______ (full) crewed space station by December 2022, China launched the first core module, known ⑦_______ Tianhe or Harmony of the Heavens, on April 29. The module is the largest spacecraft developed by China to date, with a total length of 16. 6 meters and a ⑧_______ (live) space of 50 cubic meters.     While China is not considering foreign participation in the space station's ⑨_______ (develop) now, non-Chinese astronauts will certainly be welcomed in the years ​⑩_______ (come). 十、阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。     On the northern tip of New Zealand's South Island, there is a long bar of sand ①_____(call) Farewell Spit. The area is famous, but for a(n) ②_____(desirable) reason. It's a hot spot of whale stranding(搁浅). Whales strand ③_____(they) on beaches. Are these coastlines the whales' graveyards?     In February, 2015, 200 pilot whales became stuck on the shore. It was the biggest stranding in the area in over a decade, according to local conservation teams. ④_____(rescue) spent hours trying to refloat them, but 100 died. Without the support of water, the weight of their bodies ⑤_____(break) their muscles.     The ⑥_____(remain) whales were watered and kept as comfortable as possible by volunteers equipped with buckets and spades. Sixty were eventually refloated, but soon stranded again. Members of the public helped to refloat them ⑦​_____ second time and now the whales ⑧_____(believe) to be back at sea.     Beaches like Farewell Spit are perhaps the most obvious places ⑨_____ whales can die. To all intents and purposes, it seems as if the whales have killed themselves by swimming too close ⑩_____ the shore. So are beaches the places in which whales go to die—or are there other graveyards that we don't know about? It's a mystery that has been around since ancient times. 七、日常生活类 一、阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。     Thousands of years ago, the West Lake in Hangzhou was connected to the sea. The Qiantang River, not far away from the West Lake, ①________(enter) the sea in the eastern part of this area. The solid material such as sand, stones and mud carried by the river ②________ (eventual) settled at the bottom and blocked the connection between the West Lake and the sea, ③________ (make) it an inland water.     Since the ninth century AD, the breathtaking scenery of the West Lake in all seasons ④________ (appear) time and again in poems, stories and legends. ⑤________ impresses people most is that there are about 630 legends of the West Lake alone. Su Dongpo wrote a poem to praise the West Lake ⑥________ compare it to Xizi, a Chinese legendary ⑦________ (beautiful). From then on, the West Lake got another elegant name — Xizi Lake.     In 2011, West Lake Cultural Landscape of Hangzhou was included ⑧________ the World Heritage List. It is now visited by an endless stream of ⑨________ (visitor) from home and abroad. Perhaps some of them will add ​⑩________ (they) own stories to West Lake’s wealth of literature. 二、阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Suzhou is a beautiful city in east China’s Jiangsu Province. In 514 BC, Wu State’s king He Lv ①_____(build) a capital in today’s Suzhou area. Now, Suzhou is famous for ②_____its classical gardens. Suzhou gardens’ ③_____(feature) are their rocks, hills and elegant pavilions. From the arrangement of rocks to the properly located pavilions, every part of the gardens is④_____ (careful) designed. Following the idea of borrowing neighboring scenery ⑤_____(create) a harmonious view, the gardens create beautiful scenes in limited spaces for visitors to appreciate from different points. ⑥_____(inspire) by ancient Chinese landscape paintings, Suzhou gardens were established in a similar way—refined, elegant, and free. Ye Shengtao, ⑦_____ is a famous writer and educator and also a local resident, writes about the gardens’ beautiful architecture and their art of perfectly joining human and natural elements in his “The Classical Gardens of Suzhou”. Nine of the best Suzhou gardens ⑧_____(list) as UNESCO World Cultural Heritage in 1997 and 2000. Nineteen of the 69 are under good ⑨_____(protect) and they are open to the public. Every year, the gardens receive ⑩_____ great number of visitors from across the world. 三、阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Every person in this world has their own unique experiences and challenges—and just because they aren't universal, it doesn't mean they aren't there. That's where the Human Library project comes in. It gives us a chance ①_____ (explore) the stories that we might never know about otherwise. It gives us ②_____ unique opportunity to look at the world through the eyes of others. It is done without ③_____ (judge), and it leads to understanding. The Human Library started ④_____ the concept of living books. Each person became an open “book” and shared their own experiences in life. They would talk about ⑤_____ life was like in their shoes. The project began with fifty different human books which were highlighted in an event that ⑥_____ (last) for four days, ⑦_____ (go) for eight hours each day, as the human books answered questions and held discussions. Now, the Human Library has become something that reaches so much ⑧_____ (far) and has had an impact on so many minds. The Human Library gives people a chance to ask questions. It offers a rare option to learn from the perspective of those who ⑨_____ (affect) by a situation. It's no longer about always having an outside perspective. It’s about having a chance to go to the source and ⑩_____ (simple) ask. Would you be willing to become a human book and share your own story? 四、阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。     In an effort to fight against global warming, Purdue University engineers have created the whitest paint that can keep surfaces cooler than the formulation(配方)that the researchers had ①________(previous) shown.     The new whitest paint formulation reflects up to 98. 1% of sunlight compared with the 95.5% of sunlight ②________ (reflect) by the researchers’ previous white paint and sends heat away from a surface at ③________ same time.     Two features give the paint its extreme whiteness. One is the ④________ (paint) high concentration of a special chemical, ⑤________ is used to make photo paper white as well. And the second feature is that the barium sulfate particles(硫酸钡离子)are all different ⑥________ size in the paint. How much each particle scatters(散射) light ⑦________ (depend) on its size, so a wider range of particle sizes allows the paint to scatter more of the light from the sun.     The extreme whiteness also means that the paint is the ⑧________ (cool) on record. Using high-accuracy temperature reading equipment, the researchers have shown that the paint can keep surfaces 19°F cooler than their surroundings at night and cool surfaces 8°F below their surroundings under strong sunlight during noon hours. The researchers hold a firm ⑨________ (believe) that coating buildings with this paint will one day cool them off enough ⑩________ (reduce)the need for air conditioning. 五、阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Food and Eating Habits Throughout China's history, eating habits have been influenced by many factors such as geography, religion, society and economy. As ①______result, food and eating habits are not only indicative of the social status, but characteristic of one group, differing in regions,②______ (family), peoples or religions to some extent. The Chinese diet ③______ (emphasize ) rice and grains , followed by fruits, vegetables, nuts and seeds. Food④______ ( make) of wheat flour is the staple (主食) for people living in the north, while rice is the main staple in the south. Chinese people also have a habit of⑤______ (consume) green tea, and plant-based alcoholic beverages (饮料) such as rice wine，beer and grain liquor moderately. The typical Chinese alcoholic beverage is baijiu, ⑥______is made from various grains. ⑦______ ( additional)，Chinese people like to drink hot water or tea with their meals since hot water is helpful for ⑧______ ( digest) according to traditional Chinese medicine. Nowadays, Chinese people like to eat out with relatives and friends during weekends or festivals. A typical meal starts ⑨______ some cold dishes, like boiled peanuts and smashed cucumber with garlic, followed by the main courses, including hot meat and vegetable dishes. Finally, soup⑩______ (bring) onto the table, followed by the staple food, rice, noodles, or sometimes dumplings. 六、阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 If you eat the right food and exercise①_____ (regular) you can feel better, look better and be more②_____ (energy). If you skip meals, you won’t get enough energy. Experts suggest that teenagers spend at least 30 minutes ③_____ (exercise), five times a week. That is easy to do! Walking and riding your bike count, and so ④_____school sports. When you exercise, your body produces some ⑤_____ (chemistry) that make you feel peaceful and relaxed, ⑥_____can increase your ability to concentrate⑦_____you study. A good amount of sleep every night is⑧_____important for your health. As a matter of fact, ⑨_____of sleep can make you look tired, and even cause you⑩_____ (gain) weight. 七、阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。     Dressed in a flowing long robe ①_______(decorate) with floral embroidery (花卉刺绣) from a past era, stylist Xiao Hang looks like she surfaced from a time machine. She walks across the noisy Beijing subway, ②_______ (attract) curious glances and questions.        China ③_______ (welcome) western fashion and futuristic technology during the last decades, ④_______ a growing number of young people like Xiao are looking to the past for their dressing choices. ⑤_______ (obvious), they prefer to put on traditional "hanfu", or "Han clothing".         These historic ⑥_______ (costume) of the Han ethnic majority are enjoying a renaissance because the government is promoting traditional culture. Period dramas have also contributed to a ⑦_______ (great) interest in traditional Chinese clothing and a higher demand for it.        Xiao, who used to work at a state-owned machine manufacturing company, now runs her own hanfu business, ⑧_______ she dresses customers for photo shoots and even plans hanfu-style weddings. However, there is some way before the style reaches wide ⑨_______ (accept) in China. Many people say their hesitation is due to the odd looks they get when wearing hanfu ​⑩_______ public. 八、阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。​     The colorful clothes we wear today are made by machines. But what did ancient people do if they wanted to wear ①_______(some) colorful? Tie-dye(扎染) was a way to do this.     More than 1 000 years ago, the Bai people in Yunan used tie-dye to dye their clothes. Then this skill became so popular ②_______ people gave tie-dye clothes to the emperor as gifts.     To tie-dye, you need to first use tools ③_______ (tie), sew, or clip(夹住)your cloth. Then the folded cloth ④_______ (put)in dye. The Bai people usually make blue dye from ⑤_______ plant.     As the cloth is folded, some parts become dark blue, while other parts have a ⑥_______ (light) color. When you unfold the cloth, you will see beautiful patterns.     ⑦_______ the 1960s,tie-dye became a fashion trend in the US. People tie-dyed T-shirts and jeans in ⑧_______ (imagine)ways. Many children in the US still learn tie-dye in their art ⑨_______ (class).     At a recent famous show, an Italian designer surprised people with the tie-dye dresses. “Tie-dye is like an experiment. People cannot imagine the patterns of the cloth if they don’t see them. It’s a surprise,” the designer said. There is no doubt that the tie-dye trend has never really ⑩_______ (go)away. 九、阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1 个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。     Red is used in many American expressions. It can be used to show ①_______(happy), as in the expression “a red-letter day”. This is a day ②_______ something special happens. The expression is probably based ③_______ church customs. For almost six hundred years, church calendars ④_______ (mark) with red to indicate special holy days. Today’s calendars are still marked that way with the date of holidays and special days ⑤_______ (print) in red. The expression “a red-letter day” is often heard in everyday life. A red-letter day is a day that people are feeling quite happy. It may be a day that you’ve long waited for, a wedding day, for example. Or it may be a day with ⑥_______ surprise. You might tell your friend that yesterday was a red-letter day, because you won some money in the lottery. “Rolling out the red carpet” is another ⑦_______ (common) heard expression, which ⑧_______ (represent) a warm welcome of any kind. A city may “roll out the red carpet” for ⑨_______ (it) baseball team when the team arrives home after winning the championship. Red is also used in some expressions that are not happy. “Red-handed” is one. To be caught red-handed is to be caught ⑩_______ (perform) a wrong act. 十、阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Foodie(吃货)or not, it's likely you've heard of Shaxian Delicacies. The chain, ①______ (originate) in Sharian county, Fujian province, has been a success across the country. According to local officials there are over 80,000 restaurants serving Sharian traditional snacks nationwide. But it is also a global hit. The chain has eateries(餐馆)im61 foreign countries an d regions. They are beloved by ②______ (foreign). In 2018, a Shaxian Delicacies restaurant opened in New York City, only ③______ (close) three hours later after all the dishes sold out. "It is amazing that the Shaxian Delicacies can open its eatery near my house in America. The flavors of the food here ④______ (be)just the same as I remember." Ms Zheng, ⑤______was born in Fuzhou city, capital of Fujian province, told China Daily. Though it has already kept the title "taste of home", the Shaxian Delicacies chain is always creating tastes tailored ⑥______ different local needs. For example, the owner of its franchise in France uses green tea powder, which is very popular there, rather than spinach seeds in the flour wrappers. Wu Shaohua in Portugal, ⑦______ (special) prepares "fried meat" and "fried spring rolls" for local residents who like ⑧______ (fry)food. Apart from the delicious food, a clean environment also keeps customers coming back. The owner of the Shaxian Delicacies eater y in New York, Shao Binfang designed ⑨______open kitchen in her restaurant. "When the customers can see the cooking process, it puts ⑩______ (they)at ease over food safety," Shao told People's Daily. / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 一、人物传记类 一、阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。     Yuan Longping, China’s “father of hybrid rice” and highly ①________(praise) for his contributions to the country’s food ②________(secure), died on Saturday. He was 91 years old.     Born in Beijing in September 1930, Yuan ③________(begin) his career as an agrarian(土地的) researcher during the 1950s. He often said in interviews that he ④________(drive) to increase rice output in China because of the hunger he had witnessed. “My lifetime pursuit is to ensure all people stay away from hunger,” he once said.     In 1964, Yuan theorized that a male-sterile(雄性不育的) grain could be crossed with other plants to increase production. ⑤________, it was not until 1973 that he cultivated the first hybrid rice thanks to the ⑥________(discover) of a wild rice species ⑦________ made the breakthrough possible. Mass cultivation(种植) of the crop began in 1976 and proved key to China’s ability ⑧________(feed) one-fifth of the world’s population ⑨________ just 9 per cent of its arable(可耕种的) land.     In 1995, he produced a two-line hybrid rice and was tasked by the government to improve production still ⑩__________(far). He later developed a single-line hybrid rice. Yuan was awarded the World Food Prize in 2004, for “pioneering research in his contributions to the fight against food deficiency(缺乏). 二、阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。     Zhang Guimei devoted to education in China’s southwestern borders for 40 years, is ①______ “mother” for more than 170 children, motivating young girls from poor families in mountainous areas. She has lit up hopes of many for education.     Zhang was born in Mudanjiang, Heilongjiang province in 1957. She came to Yunnan province at 17, ②______(respond) to the call of the country to support the development of border areas. Teaching at a middle school there, she saw the low ③______(admit) of girls to high school. It saddened her so much to find out that these girls ④______(abandon) their school work long before due to poverty. ⑤______, Zhang decided to build a free all-girl high school in 2002, in hope of changing the destiny of the girls in the mountain.     In 2007, Zhang went to Beijing as a deputy for the 17th CPC National Congress. Her speech “I Have a Dream” ⑥______(address) at the meeting made her dream of building a free all-girl high school known ⑦______ all. A year later, the school was completed as the first free all-girl high school in China.     On June 29, Zhang ⑧______ (award) July 1st Medal at a ceremony in Beijing, ⑨______ she said she did this out of her gratitude and love for the country, as well as her identity ⑩______(origin) as a CPC member. As long as she was still capable, she would stand in the classroom to give her all without regret. 三、阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。     From China’s Changcheng Research Station in the South Pole to Tuktoyaktuk, Canada in the North Pole, Guizhou runner Bai Bin took 433 days and ran 24,000 kilometers ①________(finish) this journey.     Born in Guizhou province, Bai ②________(be) a running enthusiast (爱好者) since childhood. In 2006, Bai took 50 days to run from Guiyang to Lhasa. In 2011, Bai took 150 ③________(day) to run from Istanbul to Xi’an. His former experience in grueling (激烈的) sports laid the foundation (基础) for him to push his limits. In 2018, Bai and his friend Li Zhenyu planned the route for ④________(run) from the South Pole to the North Pole. According ⑤________ the plan, the route will be by way of 219 cities and towns in 14 countries. His journey ⑥________(start) on March 2, 2018. In addition to running, the ⑦________(extreme) hard environment was a challenge for him. With the help of ⑧________(he) team, local citizens ⑨________ overseas Chinese, Bai overcame difficulties and arrived in the North Pole on May 8.     However, Bai is continuing on to ⑩________ new challenge. Next, he plans to cross the Bering Strait from the Arctic Ocean and run back to Xi’an. 四、阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。 Du Fu: China's Greatest Poet, a 58-minute documentary released recently on BBC, introduces Du Fu to the Western world for the first time ① the form of documentary. In the film, Michael Vot Wood, one of BBC's most popular hosts, visited a number of Chinese ② (city) to retrace Du's steps. The documentary invited well-known British actor Ian McKellen, ③ played Gandalf in The Lord of the Rings movies,④_____ (read)15 of Du's poems that have been translated into English. Born in 712, Du Fu lived through the violent fall of China’s brilliant Tang Dynasty. He had the desire to serve his country, but his life ⑤ (destroy) by the An Lushan Rebellion of 755, of⑥ ___ many poems he wrote, 500 have been preserved over the ages. For generations he⑦_____ (be) the guardian of the moral conscience of the nation. The documentary compared Du to Shakespeare to help audiences ⑧ (well) understand the poet’s great achievements in literature. It also highlighted Chinese poetry, noting that its 3000-year-old history makes ⑨ the oldest living tradition of poetry in the world During an interview, the director even quoted a line from Du ⑩ (encourage)the people suffering under the COVID-19 pandemic（流行病）. 五、阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。 Since the early 1970s, photographer David Hurn has been documenting those typical scenes ①_______ has defined his mountainous county in Wales. Unavoidably, landscape and agriculture have been a ②_______ (centre) focus in his photographs. “We only have a couple of reasonably large ③_______ (city) in Wales. If you travel around, you see open space and farms everywhere,” says Hurn. “Part of the Welshness of Wales is the farmers. I like farmers. They are warm and open. They work very hard and I like people who work hard.” Hurn, who has lived in rural Wales for the past 40 years, has seen various positive changes in all areas of Welsh life. In his village of Tintern, for example, he has noticed a decrease in residents working in the dirty coal industry ④_______ which the country once relied. ⑤_______ (unfortunate), sometimes with improvements come bad changes, too. Much of what Hurn has documented over the years has now disappeared ⑥_______ is disappearing. So he considers his work as producing a historical record. Hurn ⑦_______ (be) worried that if Wales’ agricultural life goes ⑧_______ same way as heavy industry, the nation’s very culture will disappear. “But the land and agriculture are a major part of Welsh life. If both the heavy industries and farming disappeared in Wales, then Wales would lose ⑨_______ (it) identity,” he says. “I have been trying my best ⑩_______ (preserve) our identity. ” 六、阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。     Yuan Longping, a Chinese plant scientist ①_____contributions in developing high-yield hybrid strains of rice helped to alleviate (消除）hunger and poverty across much of Asia and Africa, died of illness in ②_____ hospital in Changsha of Hunan province.     On China’s Twitter-like Sina Weibo, the news ③_____(view) more than a billion times so far, with netizens from all walks of life ④_____(express) grief at the death of the great man.     Born in Beijing in September 1930, Yuan began his career ⑤_____ an agricultural researcher in the 1950s. He often said in interviews that he was driven to increase rice output in China because of the hunger he had witnessed. “My lifetime pursuit is ⑥_____(ensure) all people stay away from hunger,” he once said.     In the decades that followed, Yuan was associated with some of the most important ⑦_____(breakthrough) in his field. As early as 1964, Yuan theorized that a male-sterile grain could be crossed with other plants to boost yields, but it was not until 1973 ⑧_____ he cultivated the first hybrid rice thanks to the discovery of a wild rice species that made the breakthrough possible.     In 2019, Yuan was awarded the Medal of the Republic, the country’s ⑨_____(high) honour, for his contribution to China’s food security and ⑩_____(science) development of agriculture, as well as increasing the world’s food output.(highest) 七、阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Before becoming a web novel writer in 2018 Disha Florence from Dhaka Bangladesh, now 25, was trying to find a way to free ① _____ (she) from the long-existed restrictions ②_____ (face) by a woman, a wish she has had since she was 8. It was then that she observed that being a girl meant she could not go to play in the park like boys. She needed to learn household chores but boys could play all day. “I lost many③_____ (opportunity) because, I had to listen to my parents and I regretted it. That’s when I thought that if I had ④_____ (free), I wouldn’t have to listen to others,” says Florence. As she grew up, she realized that ⑤_____ any experience and knowledge, it is impossible to be free. Therefore, while ⑥_____ (contiune) her study, Florence went to work as ⑦_____ volunteer in an NG,O. At 22, she ⑧ _____ (read) online fiction in English on Webnovel translated from Chinese when she noticed that the website was hiring authors ⑨_____ were said to have the chance ⑩_____ (make) a great deal of money. “Without thinking further, I started writing, and became a professional web novelist,” she says. 八、阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Jiang Peilan teaches visitors how to make ①_________(tradition) Chinese calligraphy brushes at a popular tourist attraction in Guangxi Zhuang autonomous region. Jiang, in her 50s, is ②_________ expert in making the Guilin-style brushes by hand, a technique ③_________(list) as a regional-level intangible cultural heritage(非物质文化遗产). Her courses are held in a cultural heritage experience center at a major tourist draw in Guilin city that ④_________(feature) several scenic rivers and lakes. Jiang regards her courses, where visitors learn to make ⑤_________(them) own writing brushes under her guidance, as a good way to preserve and promote a fading art that is becoming less ⑥_________(appeal) among young people in the digital age. Jiang began teaching brush-making at the experience center last year at the ⑦_________(invite) of a local cultural company ⑧_________ runs the facility. She sometimes gives more than five lectures on weekends or holidays to meet the growing demand from tourists. The center provides the general public with access ⑨_________ cultural heritage. Experience centers focusing on intangible cultural heritage have mushroomed across China. In Guangxi alone, a total of 368 such centers ​⑩_________(come) into existence since 2009. Experts believe the exploding popularity of such experience centers is part of a larger trend that has seen a growing focus on tradition. 九、阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The home crowd erupted when China’s Eileen Gu won the women’s big air freeskiing gold in Beijing. Gu jumped into the top position with her third run,①_____ (score) 94.50. Her total score was 188. 25 in the event’s debut at the Winter Olympics. The 18-year-old, who also ②_____ (go) by her Chinese name, Gu Ailing, is a freestyle skier, model and grade-A student with ③_____American father and a Chinese mother. She grew up in the United States. It was there ④_____she grew to love skiing. By 2018, she was representing the US in the world cup for the sport. Then, she decided to switch from representing the US ⑤_____ representing China. It was a decision met with shock and ⑥_____ (confuse) from her growing fan base, but Gu was ⑦_____ (determine), sharing her reasoning on Instagram at the time. “This was an ⑧_____ (incredible) tough decision for me to make...Through skiing, I hope to unite people, promote common understanding, create communication, and forge friendships between ⑨_____ (nation). If I can help to inspire one young girl ⑩_____ (break) a boundary, my wishes will have come true.” 十、阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Two young Chinese athletes placed a torch in the center of a giant snowflake during the opening ceremony of the Beijing 2022 Winter Olympic Games. One of the two athletes, Dinigeer Yilamujiang, was born in the Altay Prefecture, ①______ (locate)in the northern part of the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, ②______ (wide)acknowledged as the birthplace of human skiing. In earlier times, artifacts from Scandinavian and Russian archaeology proved the ③______ (exist)of ancient skiing, with the oldest found in Russia ④______ (date)back to 8,000-7,000years.In 2005, the record ⑤______ (break). A group of farmers in the Altay region went to a cave to hide from the rain, only ⑥______ (find)cave paintings describing men stepping on twin snowboards ⑦______ prey(猎物)carried on their backs. It turned out that, according to archaeologists' analyses, the cave paintings were drawn 12,000 years ago, some 4,000 years ⑧______ the artifacts from Russia were believed to have been made. After Beijing's successful bid to host the Winter Olympics, experts from 18 countries including Norway and Russia paid a visit to Altay to study the "potential origin of human skiing activity," after ⑨______ they jointly issued a declaration in 2015, recognizing Xinjiang's Altay as the ⑩______ (early)skiing region in the world. 答案以及解析 一、 答案：①praised②security③began④was driven⑤However⑥discovery⑦that/which⑧to feed⑨with⑩Further 解析：这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了中国东交水稻之父“袁隆平”。 ①考查非谓语动词。句意:袁隆平,中国“杂交水稻之父”,因其对国家粮食安全的贡献而受到高度赞扬,于周六去世。分析句子结构可知,已有谓语动词died, 空处需填非谓语动词, Yuan Longping和praise为逻辑上的动宾关系,需填过去分词形式。故填praised, ②考查名词。句意同上。country's为名词所有格, 空处需填名词security, 此处为不可数名词。故填security. ③考查动词时态。句意:袁隆平1930年9月出生于北京,20世纪50年代开始了他的农业研究生涯。根据"during the 1950s"可知,此处陈述过去发生的事情,用-般过去时。故填began, ④考查动词时态和语态。句意:他经常在采访中说,由于亲眼目睹了饥荒,他被迫提高中国的大米产量。根据"said"可知, that引导的从句使用一般过去时,he和drive为被动关系, 需用被动语态,主语为he,谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式。故填was driven。 ⑤考查副词。句意:然而,直到1973年, 他才培育出第一个杂交水稻, 这多亏了一种野生水稻的发现,使这一突破成为可能。上下文之间是转折关系,需用副词however, 位于句首,首字母需大写。故填However。 ⑥考查名词。句意同上。定冠词the修饰名词,空处需填名词discovery, 作宾语,此处表抽象概念,不可数。故填discovery. ⑦考查定语从句。句意同上。空处引导定语从句,先行词species,指物,在定语从句中作主语,需用关系代词that/which引导。 故填that/which, ⑧考查非谓语动词。句意:这种作物的大规模种植始于1976年,事实证明,它是中国用仅9%的可耕地养活世界五分之一人口的关键。修饰名词ability, 需用动词不定式作后置定语。故填to feed, ⑨考查介词。句意同上。表示用'需用介词with。故填with。 ⑩考查比较级。句意: 1995年,他生产了-种两系杂交水稻,政府委托他进一步提高产量。此处需用副词比较级further,修饰动词improve,表示更进一步地. 故填further. 二、 答案：①a②responding③admission④had abandoned⑤Therefore⑥addressed⑦to⑧was awarded⑨where⑩originally 解析：这是一篇记叙文,讲述了张桂梅致力于中国西南偏远地区的女子教育的感人事迹。 ①考查冠词。句意:张桂梅致力于中国西南偏远地区的教育40年,她是170多位孩子的妈妈,激励着贫苦山区的女孩。根据空格前的 is可知,这里指她是一位妈妈。故填a。 ②考查非谓语动词。句意:17岁时,响应祖国的号召支援偏远地区的教育,她来到云南。空格处是状语,respond与主语She是主动关系,因此用现在分词表原因。故填responding。 ③考查名词。句意:在那里的中学教书时,她注意到女孩进入高中的机会很少。根据空格前的 the low可知空格处是名词。故填admission。 ④考查时态。句意:由于贫困,许多女孩放弃学业,这让她感到很难过。根据saddened可知,空格处表达过去的过去,要用过去完成时。故填had abandoned。 ⑤考查副词。句意:因此,在2002年,张桂梅决定建立一所免费女子高中,希望改变山区女孩的命运。此处表示因果关系,故填Therefore。 ⑥考查过去分词。句意:她在大会上的演讲——我有一个梦想,使她建立一所免费女子高中的梦想被大家知道。空格处是后置定语,address与所修饰的词Her speech “I Have a Dream” 是被动关系。故填addressed。 ⑦考查介词。句意:她在大会上的演讲——我有一个梦想,使她建立一所免费女子高中的梦想被大家知道。根据:known to all.(被大家所知),故填介词to。 ⑧考查时态和语态。句意:在六月29日,张桂梅在北京颁奖典礼上被授予七一勋章。根据On June 29可知本句陈述过去的事实,要用一般过去时,又因为award与主语Zhang是被动关系。故填was awarded。 ⑨考查关系副词。句意:在颁奖典礼上,她说她做这些是出于对祖国的感激和爱,也出于她最初作为党员的身份。空格处是非限制性定语从句,先行词是at a ceremony,在定语从句中缺少状语。故填where。 ⑩考查副词。句意:在颁奖典礼上,她说她做这些是出于对祖国的感激和爱,也出于她最初作为党员的身份。空格处的词作状语,修饰 as a CPC member。要用副词,故填originally。 三、 答案：①to finish②has been③days④running⑤to⑥started⑦extremely⑧his⑨and⑩a 解析：①to finish.考查动词不定式。句意:从南极的中国长城研究站到北极的加拿大图克托亚图克,贵州选手白斌用了433天的时间,跑了24000公里完成了这段旅程。结合语意,白斌花费433天的时间是为了完成这段旅程,空处应用动词不定式,表示目的。故填to finish。 ②has been.考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意:白先生出生于贵州省,从小就热衷于跑步。句中since表示"自从" ,表示动作从过去持续到现在,句子应用现在完成时,主语Bai是第三人称单数,谓语应用has been。故填has been。 ③days.考查可数名词的复数。句意: 2011年,白斌花费150天从伊斯坦布尔跑到西安。空前150是基数词,后接可数名词的复数形式。故填days。 ④running.考查动名词故填。句意: 2018年,白斌和他的朋友李振宇规划了从南极到北极的跑步路线。空处作介词for的宾语, 应用动名词形式。故填running。 ⑤to.考查介词。 句意:根据该计划,该线路将经过14个国家的219个城镇。according to为固定短语,表示"根据"。故填to。 ⑥started.考查动词时态。句意:他的旅程开始于2018年3月2日。根据时间状语on March 2 , 2018可知,应用一般过去时,动词使用过去式形式。故填started。 ⑦extremely.考查副词。 句意:除了跑步,极端艰苦的环境对他来说也是一个挑战。空处修饰形容词hard ,应用副词形式, 作状语, extremely是副词,表示"极其"。故填extremely。 ⑧his.考查代词。 句意:在他的团队、当地居民和海外华人的帮助下,白斌克服困难,于5月8日抵达北极。结合语意,此处表示他的团队,应用形.容词性物主代词his。故填his。 ⑨and.考查连词。句意:在他的团队、当地居民和海外华人的帮助下,白斌克服困难,于5月8日抵达北极。结合语意, team , local citizens 和overseas Chinese并列,作介词of的宾语,空处应用连词and。故填and。 ⑩a.考查冠词。句意:然而,白斌将继续面对一个新的挑战。表示泛指"一个新的挑战" ,空处应用不定冠词, new是辅音音素开头的单词,应用a。故填a。 四、 答案：①in ②cities ③who ④to read ⑤was destroyed ⑥the⑦has been ⑧better⑨it ⑩to encourage 解析：①in.考查介词。句意:第一次以纪录片的形式向西方观众介绍了杜甫。in the form of意为.....的形式" ,故填in。 ②cities.考查复数名词。句意:拜访了许多中国城市以追溯杜甫的足迹。a number of许多, 修饰可数名词的复数形式。故填cities。 ③who.考查定语从句。句意:该纪录片邀请到了曾在指环王系列电影中饰演甘道夫-角的英国著名演员伊恩·麦克莱恩来读15首已经译成英文的杜甫的诗。分析句子结构可知,空白处前句成分完整,后句缺少主语,有逗号隔开,应为非限制性定语从句,先行词Ian Mckellen是人名,应用关系代词who ,故填who。 ④to read.考查不定式。 句意:该纪录片邀请到了曾在指环王系列电影中饰演甘道夫一角的英国著名演员伊恩·麦克恩来读15首已经译成英文的杜甫的诗。分析句子可知,此处应为invite sb.to do sth.结构,意思是"邀请某人做某事" ,动词不定式作宾语补足语,故填to read。 ⑤was destroyed.考查时态和语态。句意:但他的生活被公元755年的安史之乱破坏了。分析句子可知,主语his life和所给谓语动词destroy之间为被动关系,应用被动语态,且文章讲述发生在过去的事件,应用一般过去时,故填was destroyed。 ⑥the.考查冠词。 句意:在杜甫写下的诸多诗篇中,只有500首流传至今。后面有定语从句限定,所以用定冠词特指, 故填the。 ⑦has been.考查时态。句意: 一直以来,杜甫都是中华民族道德良知的捍卫者。根据时间状语for generations可知,此处表示动作发生于过去并持续到现在,要用现在完成时,结合主语he,故填has been。 ⑧better.考查副词比较级。句意:纪录片将杜甫与莎士比亚做比较以帮助观众们更好地理解杜甫在文学上的伟大成就。从句意上来看,纪录片通过比较的手段是为了帮助观众"更好"地理解,要用well的比较级better ,故填better。 ⑨it.考查代词。句意:指出中国诗歌以其3000年的历史成为了世界上现存最古老的诗歌。分析句子可知,动词make的含义是"使成为" ,后面接复合宾语, the oldest living tradition of poetry in the world是宾语补足语,其宾语指代前面名词Chinese poetry ,应用代词it代指,故填it。 ⑩to encourage.考查不定式。句意:在一-次采访中,导演甚至引用了杜的一句话,鼓励在新冠肺炎疫情中受苦的人们。不定式作目的状语,故填to encourage。 五、 答案：①that/which②central③cities④on/upon⑤Unfortunately⑥or⑦is⑧the⑨its⑩to preserve 解析：(1) that/which.考查定语从句。句意:自20世纪70年代初以来,摄影师大卫·赫恩(David Hurn) 一直在记录那些典型的场景,这些场景定义了他位于威尔士的山区县。分析句子成分可知,该句是一个限制性定语从句;从句中缺少主语,且先行词为scenes ,应用关系代词that或which引导。故填that/which。 (2) central.考查形容词。 句意:不可避免地,景观和农业一直是他照片中的焦点。分析该句成分可知,所填词在此处作focus的定语,故用所给名词的形容词形式central。故填central。 (3) cities .考查可数名词的复数。句意:我们在威尔士只有几个相当大的城市。city为可数名词,根据空前的a couple of可知,此处用所给名词的复数。故填cities。 (4) on/upon.考查介词。 句意:例如,在他所在的村(Tintern),他注意到在这个国家曾经依赖的脏煤行业工作的居民减少了。分析句子可知,空格处应填介词构成"介词+关系代词which"结构。rely on/upon意为"依靠.....",为固定短语。故此处应填介词on/upon。 (5) Unfortunately.考查副词。 句意:不幸的是,有时随着改进也会带来糟糕的变化。此处用所给形容词的副词修饰整个句子,作状语。故填Unfortunately。 (6) or.考查连词。 句意: Hurn多年来记录的许多内容现在已经消失或正在消失。因此,他认为他的作品创作了-部历史记录。分析句子成分并结合句意可知,句中的has now disappeared 和is disappearing为并列的两种不同情况,表示"或者" ,应用or连接。故填or。 . (7)is.考查动词的时态和主谓一致。句意:Hurn担心,如果威尔士的农业生活与重工业一样,这个国家的文化就会消失。分析该句成分可知,所填词的主语是第三人称单数,又根据空前及空后的时态可知,该句叙述的是当前发生的情况,故用所给系动词的第三人称单数形式is。故填is。 (8) the.考查冠词。Hurn担心,如果威尔土的农业生活与重工业一样,这个国家的文化就会消失。the same意为"同样的" ,为固定搭配。故填the。 (9) its.考查形容词性物主代词。句意:如果重工业和农业在威尔士消失,那么威尔士将失去它的身份。此处用形容词性物主代词修饰后面的名词identity。故填its。 (10) to preserve.考查动词不定式。句意:“我一直在尽力保持我们的身份。"try one's best to do sth"意为"尽力做某事" ,为固定搭配。故填to preserve。 六、 答案： whose; a; has been viewed; expressing; as; to ensure; breakthroughs; that; highest; scientific 解析：这是一篇新闻报道。主要说明了中国植物科学家袁隆平因病在湖南省长沙市一家医院去世。袁隆平在培育高产杂交水稻品种方面做出了贡献,帮助减轻了亚洲和非洲大部分地区的饥饿和贫困。介绍了袁隆平的生平以及所取得的成就等。 [1题详解]考查定语从句。句意:中国植物科学家袁隆平因病在湖南省长沙市一家医院去世。袁隆平在培育高产杂交水稻品种方面做出了贡献,帮助减轻了亚洲和非洲大部分地区的饥饿和贫困。此处为定语从句修饰先行词scientist,先行词在从句中作定语,故用关系代词whose引导。故填whose。 [2题详解]考查冠词。句意:中国植物科学家袁隆平因病在湖南省长沙市--家医院去世。袁隆平在培育高产杂交水稻品种方面做出了贡献,帮助减轻了亚洲和非洲大部分地区的饥饿和贫困。hospital 为可数名词,此处为泛指应用不定冠词,且hospital是发音以辅音音素开头的单词,应用a。故填a [3题详解]考查时态语态。句意:在中国类似推特的新浪微博上,这条消息迄今已被浏览超过10亿次,各行各业的网民都对这位伟人的去世表达了悲痛。主语与谓语构成被动关系,根据后文so far可知用现在完成时的被动语态,主语为the news,助动词用has。故填has been viewed. [4题详解]考查非谓语动词。句意:在中国类似推特的新浪微博上,这条消息迄今已被浏览超过10亿次,各行各业的网民都对这位伟人的去世表达了悲痛。此处为with的复合结构,netizens from all walks of life与express构成主动关系,故用现在分词作宾补。故填expressing。 [5题详解]考查介词。句意:袁隆平1930年9月生于北京,20 世纪50年代开始从事农业研究工作。根据后文名词作宾语,表示“作为”应用介词as。故填as。 [6题详解]考查非谓语动词。句意:他曾经说过:“ 我毕生的追求就是让所有人远离饥饿。”此处说明主语的内容,用不定式作表语。故填to ensure。 [7题详解]考查名词的数。句意:在随后的几十年里,袁隆平与他的领域中- - 些最重要的突破有关。breakthrough 为可数名词,由some of修饰应用复数形式。故填breakthroughs. [8题详解]考查强调句。句意:早在1964年,袁隆平就提出了一个理论,即雄性不育粒可以与其他作物杂交以提高产量,但直到1973年,由于一种野生水稻的发现,他才培育出第一种杂交水稻, 使这一突破成为可能。 分析句子结构可知此处为强调句“it be not until+被强调部分+that+其它”。故填that。 [9题详解]考查形容词最高级。句意: 2019 年,袁隆平被授予共和国勋章,这是国家的最高荣誉,以表彰他为中国粮食安全和农业科学发展做出的贡献,以及增加世界粮食产量。结合句意表示“国家的最高荣誉”high 应用最高级形式。故填highest。 [10题详解]考查形容词。句意: 2019年, 袁隆平被授予共和国勋章,这是国家的最高荣誉,以表彰他为中国粮食安全和农业科学发展做出的贡献,以及增加世界粮食产量。修饰后文名词development应用形容词scientific,作定语。故填scientific. 七、 答案：①herself②faced③opportunities④freedom⑤without⑥continuing⑦a⑧was reading⑨who/that⑩to make 解析：①考查代词。句意：2018年，来自孟加拉国达卡的25岁的迪莎弗洛伦斯（Disha Florence）成为一名网络小说作家，她试图找到一种方法，让自己摆脱女性长期面临的限制，这是她从8岁起就有了的一个愿望。根据句意表示"让自己摆脱女性长期面临的限制"，所以用反身代词herself。故填herself。 ②考查非谓语动词。句意：2018年，来自孟加拉国达卡的25岁的迪莎弗洛伦斯（Disha Florence）成为一名网络小说作家，她试图找到一种方法，让自己摆脱女性长期面临的限制，这是她从8岁起就有了的一个愿望。分析句子可知，空处填非谓语动词，restrictions与face在逻辑上是被动关系，所以用过去分词作定语。故填faced。 ③考查名词单复数。句意：我失去了很多机会，因为我不得不听父母的话，我很后悔。many后接名词复数。故填opportunities。 ④考查名词。句意：那时我想，如果我有自由，我就不用听别人的了。had后接名词freedom作宾语，不可数名词。故填freedom。 ⑤考查介词。句意：随着她的成长。她意识到，没有任何经验和知识，就不可能有自由。根据"it is impossible to be free"可知，表示没有任何经验和知识，就不可能有自由。空处填介词without。故填without。 ⑥考查状语从句的省略。句意：因此，在继续学习的同时，Florence去NGO做了一名志愿。本句为状语从句的省略，还原后为：while she was continuing,省略了she was。 故填continuing。 ⑦考查冠词。句意：因此，在继续学习的同时，Florence去了NGO做一名志愿者。volunteer为可数名词，泛指"一名志愿"，volunteer首字母的发音为辅音音素。故填a。 ⑧考查时态。句意：22岁时，她在"网络小说"上阅读中文翻译的英文网络小说，突然注意到该网站正在招聘，据说有机会赚大钱的作家。本句为固定句式：be doing when... "正在做某事突然……"。句子在描述过去正在作的事情，用过去进行时，主语是she。 故填was reading。 ⑨考查定语从句。句意：22岁时，她在"网络小说"上阅读中文翻译的英文网络小说时，突然注意到该网站正在招聘，据说有机会赚大钱的作家。"____(make) a great deal of money."是限定性定语从句, authors为先行词, ____ were said to have the chance ____ 作定语从句的主语，关系代词为who或者that。故填who/that。 ⑩考查非谓语动词。句意：22岁时，她在"网络小说"上阅读中文翻译的英文网络小说，突然注意到该网站正在招聘，据说有机会赚大钱的作家。have the chance to do固定搭配，意为"有机会做……"，故填to make。 八、 答案：①traditional ②an ③listed ④features ⑤their ⑥appealing ⑦invitation ⑧that/which ⑨to ⑩have come 解析： ①考查形容词作定语。句意：在广西壮族自治区的一个热门旅游景点，蒋培兰教授游客如何制作中国传统书法毛笔。句中 Chinese calligraphy brushes是名词，由形容词修饰，所给词 tradition是名词，其形容词是 traditional。故填 traditional。 ②考查不定冠词。句意：50多岁的蒋是手工制作桂林毛笔的专家，该工艺被列为地方非物质文化遗产。句中expert以元音音素开头，前面加an，表示"一"。故填an。 ③考查过去分词作后置定语。句意：50多岁的姜瑜是手工制作桂林毛笔的专家，该工艺被列为地方非物质文化产。此处 technique和list之间是被动关系，是过去分词作后置定语。故填 listed。 ④考查般现在时。句意：她的课程在桂林市一个主要旅游景点的文化遗产体验中心举行，那里有几条风景优美的河流和湖泊。该句在描述一个客观事实，句子用一般现在时； Guilin city在句中作先行词，指物，在后面的定语从句中作主语，且谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填 features。 ⑤考查形容词性物主代词。句意：在蒋的课程中，游客可以在她的指导下学习如何制作自己的毛笔。蒋认为，这是保护和推广一门正在衰落的艺术的好方法，在数字时代，这门艺术对年轻人的吸引力越来越小。修饰名词短语 writing brushes应用形容词性物主代词。故填their。 ⑥考查形容词作表语。句意：在蒋的课程中，游客可以在她的指导下学习如何制作自己的毛笔。蒋认为，这是保护和推广一门正在衰落的艺术的好方法，在数字时代，这门艺术对年轻人的吸引力越来越小。此处用形容词作表语。故填 appealing。 ⑦考查名词。句意：去年，应当地一家文化公司的邀请，蒋开始在体验中心教授毛笔制作。分析句子结构，the用在名词前面，所以该空用名词，所给词 invite是动词，其名词是 invitation。故填 invitation。 ⑧考查定语从句。句意：去年，应当地一家文化公司的邀请，蒋开始在体验中心教授毛笔制作。此处 company是先行词，指物，在后面的定语从句中作主语，定语从句由that/ Which引导。故填that/ Which。 ⑨考查固定短语。句意：该中心为公众提供了获取文化遗产的途径。固定短语access to的意思是"接近，通向……的入口"。故填to。 ⑩考查现在完成时。句意自2009年以来，仅广西就有368个这样的中心。根据 since 2009可知句子用现在完成时，且主语是名词复数 centers。故填 have come。 九、 答案：①scoring ②goes ③an ④that ⑤to ⑥confusion ⑦determined ⑧incredibly ⑨nations ⑩to break 解析： ①考查非谓语动词。句意：在第三轮比赛中，谷爱凌以94.50分的成绩跃居榜首。分析句子结构可知，已有谓语动词jumped，空处需填非谓语动词作状语，Gu和score为逻辑主谓关系，需用现在分词形式。故填scoring。 ②考查时态及主谓一致。句意：这位18岁的中国女孩名叫顾爱玲，是一名自由式滑雪运动员、模特和优等生，她的父亲是美国人，母亲是中国人。结合句意及句中的is可知，句子是描述事实，应用一般现在时，who引导非限制性定语从句，代替先行词The 18-year-old在定语从句中作主语，表示单数意义，谓语动词需用第三人称单数形式。故填goes。 ③考查不定冠词。句意：这位18岁的中国女孩名叫顾爱玲，是一名自由式滑雪运动员、模特和优等生，她的父亲是美国人，母亲是中国人。father为可数名词，此处表示泛指，且American发音以元音音素开头，需用不定冠词an修饰。故填an。 ④考查强调句。句意：就是在那里，她爱上了滑雪。分析句子可知，此处为强调句，基本句型是：It is/was +被强调部分+that+句子其他成分，此处对地点状语there进行强调。故填that。 ⑤考查介词。句意：然后，她决定从代表美国转到代表中国。switch from...to…为固定短语，意为 “从……转变为……”, 故填to。 ⑥考查名词。句意：这一决定让她日益壮大的粉丝们感到震惊和困惑，但她下定了决心，当时她在Instagram上分享了自己的理由。空处和shock并列，需填名词形式作宾语，confusion意为“困惑”，表抽象概念，不可数。故填confusion。 ⑦考查形容词。句意：这一决定让她日益壮大的粉丝们感到震惊和困惑，但她下定了决心，当时她在Instagram上分享了自己的理由。空处需填形容词作表语，determined意为“下定决心的”。故填determined。 ⑧考查副词。句意：这对我来说是一个非常艰难的决定。修饰形容词tough需用副词作状语。故填incredibly。 ⑨考查名词复数。句意：我希望通过滑雪来团结人民，促进共识，创造交流，建立国家之间的友谊。nation为可数名词，此处表示泛指，且没有冠词限定，需填名词复数形式。故填nations。 ⑩考查非谓语动词。句意：如果我能帮助激励一个年轻女孩打破界限，我的愿望就实现了。inspire sb. to do sth. 为固定短语，意为“激励某人做某事”，空处需填动词不定式作宾语补足语。故填to break。 十、 答案：①located②widely③existence④dating⑤was broken⑥to find⑦with⑧before⑨which⑩earliest 解析：①考查过去分词。句意：在2022年北京冬奥会开幕式上，两名年轻的中国运动员将火炬放在一片巨大的雪花中央。两名运动员之一迪尼格尔依拉木江出生于新疆维吾尔自治区北部的阿勒泰地区，该地区被公认为人类滑雪运动的发源地。be located in位于，此处省略be,用过去分词作后置定语，故填located。 ②考查副词。句意：在2022年北京冬奥会开幕式上，两名年轻的中国运动员将火炬放在一片巨大的雪花中央。两名运动员之一迪尼格尔依拉木江出生于新疆维吾尔自治区北部的阿勒泰地区，该地区被公认为人类滑雪运动的发源地。修饰动词acknowledged用副词，故填widely。 ③考查名词。句意：早期，斯堪的纳维亚半岛和俄罗斯考古学的文物证明了古代滑雪运动的存在，在俄罗斯发现的最古老的滑雪运动可以追溯到7000-8000年前。此处缺少名词作prove的宾语，表抽象意义，不可数，故填existence。 ④考查现在分词。句意：早期，斯堪的纳维亚半岛和俄罗斯考古学的文物证明了古代滑雪运动的存在，在俄罗斯发现的最古老的滑雪运动可以追溯到7000-8000年前。此处为"with+宾语+宾补"的复合结构，the oldest found与date back to之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，用现在分词表主动，故填dating。 ⑤考查时态语态。句意：2005年，这一记录被打破了。时间状语"In 2005"表明用一般过去时，且the record与break之间是被动关系，所以用一般过去时的被动语态，故填was broken。 ⑥考查不定式。句意：在阿勒泰地区，一群衣民为了避雨，来到一个洞穴中，却发现了洞穴壁画，画中的人背着猎物踩在两块滑雪板上。此处表示一种出乎意料的结果，用不定式作结果状语，故填to find。 ⑦考查with的复合结构。句意：在阿勒泰地区，一群衣民为了避雨，来到一个洞穴中，却发现了洞穴壁画，画中的人背着猎物踩在两块滑雪板上。分析可知，此处为"with+宾语+宾补（prey与carry之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，用过去分词表被动）"的复合结构作伴随状语，故填with。 ⑧考查介词。句意：事实证明，根据考古学家的分析，这些洞穴壁画是在12000年前绘制的，比来自俄罗斯的文物早了约400年。分析可知，此处缺少表示"先于"的介词，与后面的名词the artifacts构成介宾短语，故填before。 ⑨考查定语从句。句意：北京申办冬奥会成功后，挪威、俄罗斯等18个国家的专家访问了阿勒泰，研究"人类滑雪活动的潜在起源"，并于2015年联合发表声明，确认新疆阿勒泰为世界上最早的滑雪区。此处为定语从句，关系词指代前面整个主句内容并在从句中作介词after的宾语，故填which。 ⑩考查形容词最高级。句意：北京申办冬奥会成功后，挪威、俄罗斯等18个国家的专家访问了阿勒泰，研究"人类滑雪活动的潜在起源"，并于2015年联合发表声明，确认新疆阿勒泰为世界上最早的滑雪区。根据上文的分析，新疆阿勒泰地区的滑雪洞穴壁画绘制于12000年前，比以前认为的最早的滑雪文物早了4000年，因此新疆阿勒泰为世界上最早的滑雪区，此处用形容词最高级表示"最早的"，故填earliest。 二、故事类 一、阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。     The Goddess of the Luo River comes alive in a video, which was shared by Henan TV Station on social media platform Sina Weibo. The ancient tale of romance is given ①_____ new setting and still provides attractive viewing for a modern audience. The tale is presented in ②_____ seems like slow motion. Not ③_____(surprise), it became popular and has been viewed more than 20 million times.     The story of the Goddess of the Luo River has been the ④_____(inspire) for countless contemporary artists, who have described the goddess of unmatched beauty through ⑤_____(variety) art forms, like movies and dance dramas.     But the reason why the video, ⑥_____ runs for around two minutes and is titled Rhapsody on the Luo River Goddess, created such an impression and has generated such a wave of publicity, is that it ⑦_____(shoot) underwater. He Haohao plays the role of goddess. She masters not only her art but the technique of holding her breath as her lungs struggle to carry out ⑧_____(they) function. All this is done ⑨_____ the most peaceful facial expression.     It's not the first time that Henan TV Station has gained attention with its appealing videos ⑩_____(highlight) traditional Chinese culture. On Feb 13th, a dance piece, titled A Tang Dynasty Banquet, which is less than six minutes long, was staged during a gala aired on Henan TV Station to mark Spring Festival. 二、阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。     In the days when an ice cream cost much less, Tom, ①________ 8-year-old boy, entered a hotel coffee shop ②________ sat at a table. A waitress put a glass of water in front of him. "How much is an ice cream?" "Fifty-cents," replied the waitress. The little boy pulled ③________ right hand out of the pocket and studied a number of coins in it.     "How much is a dish of plain ice cream(纯冰淇淋)?" he asked. Some people were now waiting for her service and the waitress grew a bit ④________(patience)."Thirty-five cents," she said ⑤________(rude).The little boy carefully ⑥________ (count) the coins again. "I will have a plain ice cream," he said. The waitress walked ⑦________. The boy finished the ice cream, paid the cashier and left. It was not long ⑧________ the waitress came back and then she began to wipe down the table and suddenly was surprised ⑨________ what she saw. There, placed neatly beside the empty dish, were two nickels (五分镍币) and five ⑩________(penny) ...... her tip! 三、阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当单词或括号内单词的正确形式。     In 1863, the first underground passenger railway in the world opened in London. It ran for just under seven kilometers and allowed people to avoid terrible ①_______ (crowd) on the roads above as they travelled to and ②_______ work. It took three years to complete and was built using an interesting method. This included digging up the road, ③_______ (lay) the track and then building a strong roof over ④_______ top. When all those had been done, the road surface was replaced.     Steam engines ⑤_______ (use) to pull the carriages and it must have been ⑥_______ (fair) unpleasant for the passengers, with all the smoke and noise. However, the railway quickly proved to be a great success and within six months, more than 25,000 people were using ⑦_______ every day.     Later, engineers ⑧_______ (manage) to construct railways in a system of deep tunnels (隧道) , which became known as the Tube. This development was only possible with the ⑨_______ (introduce) of electric-powered engines and lifts. The Central London Railway was one of the most ⑩_______ (success) of these new lines, and was opened in 1900. It had white-painted tunnels and bright red carriages, and proved extremely popular with the public. 四、阅读下面短文,在空白处填写 1 个适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式。 An incredible dog has mastered more than just the doggy paddle(狗刨式游泳) — it helps disabled children learn how to surf. Ricochet's owner Judy said, “I was working with her at balance and coordination(协调). Her balance is ①_______ good that she can help to stabilize the board for the kids. And it makes them  feel  good  to  know  that  Ricochet  is  there  with  them, ②_______ (keep)  them company.” Ricochet helps the disabled children build up the confidence to get on the board themselves. ③_______ (dress) in a yellow jacket, Ricochet helps to counter-balance the board and acts as a comforting presence. Judy was ④_______ (severe) disabled since her teens. Having Ricochet around lifts her spirits, and  inspires her to conquer her pain to get on the board. “Ricochet has taught me to focus ⑤_______ what I can do, rather than what I can’t,” she said. A car crash ⑥_______ (leave) Ian, a six-year-old boy, with brain damage. ⑦_______ he had loved   surfing before the accident, he was too nervous to go back into the water. His fear turned to excitement, when he ⑧_______ (tell) he could try a tandem surf (双人冲浪) session with Ricochet. Their session was ⑨_______ (success) and by the end of it, Ian was smiling from ear to ear. Over the last 10 months,  Ricochet's  excellent ​⑩_______ (performance) have  raised £30,000 for a number of charity causes. 五、阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 I'm an international student from Bangladesh, working on a PhD program in Shanxi University. I've been in Taiyuan, the provincial capital of Shanxi, for two years since I ①_____ (admit) to the university. Over the two years, I found myself ②_____ (fall) in love with Taiyuan as I got more familiar with the city and the life here. Taiyuan has a history of more than 2.500 years. The ancient structures like Jinci are the material evidence to show you ③_____ ancient China looked like. My experience in Taiyuan is an opportunity to help ④_____ (broad) my view and life here is full of surprises. The pleasant changes are made possible ⑤_____ the help of my teachers and schoolmates. My teachers at Shanxi University are excellent. They ⑥_____ (high) value critical thinking and encourage us to conduct researches in ⑦_____ innovative manner. After a while at the university, I didn't feel much pressure in my study. I had much time to visit ⑧_____ (vary) parts of the city and I found it convenient ⑨_____ (hire) bicycles here. I liked to cycle and visit places I encountered randomly. The cycling ⑩_____ (tour) helped deepen my understanding of the city. 六、阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Happy Birthday to You is a happy song,①________the story behind it may not be known to all. Two sisters, Mildred Hill and Dr. Patty ②________(write)a song for children ③________(call) Good Morning to All. The song was sure to be ④________success due to ⑤________talents. The sisters published the song in 1893. Thirty-one years later, a gentleman by the name of Robert H. Coleman published the song without the sisters' ⑥________(permit). And ⑦________(make)matters worse, he added a second verse, which was the familiar Happy Birthday to You. Mr. Coleman's addition of the second verse⑧________(popular) the song and eventually, Happy Birthday to You, the one and only birthday song totally replaced the sisters' Good Morning to All. After Mildred died in 1916, Patty took Mr. Coleman to court. In court, she proved that she and her sister owned the melody. Because the family ⑨________(legal) owns the song, they are entitled to royalties from it whenever it is sung ⑩________commercial purposes. 七、阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。     Getting around the city when you are six months pregnant and have a two-year-old girl can be really ①_____(challenge). One spring afternoon, we went to one of the grocery ②_____(store) nearby to buy some food. There was no sign of rain ③_____ the store was just around the corner, so we went there without an umbrella. However, when we were about to leave the store, the rain came in full force and the streets ④_____(cover) with water within minutes.     I noticed a young Chinese couple staring at ⑤_____(we) when we came to a crossroad and were waiting for the light to change ⑥_____(patient). I figured they were probably wondering ⑦_____ a pregnant foreigner was dragging her little kid out through the rain. But as we crossed the street, the woman offered me her umbrella. I declined but she handed it to me and hurried off with her husband.     Though ⑧_____(catch) in the rain unexpectedly, we still treasure ⑨_____ memory and will remember the warmth and ⑩_____(kind) of the Chinese couple forever. 八、阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 It was an emotional moment for two women in China ①_____ the mother of the bridegroom discovered that her daughter-in-law was her biological daughter. The reunion occurred at the wedding in Suzhou on March 31.According to Sohu News, the discovery ②_____（make）after the mother noticed a birthmark on the bride's hand, which looked strikingly similar ③_____ that of her long-lost child. Determined to uncover the ④______（true），the woman gathered the courage ⑤_____（ask）the bride's parents whether she was adopted. After explaining her story and ⑥_____ same birthmark, the bride's parents ⑦_____（final）confirmed that their child had been adopted. Indeed, the bride was the woman's long-lost biological daughter. It turns out she went ⑧____（miss）as a child and was picked up by her adoptive parents on the roadside some two ⑨_____（decade）ago. The wedding would have been called off at this point, but the woman also revealed that her son was also adopted. The wedding proceeded as ⑩______（plan）. The story of joys and sorrows moved all the people present. The ending of the story is, as the idiom goes，"As You Like It. Photos of the bride crying and hugging her long-lost mother spread on Chinese social media. 九、阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。     The wildfires in Australia became considerably worse in January, 2020. The disaster faced by ①________ country is far from over. Many of the fires ②________ (send) smoke high into the atmosphere and some smoke turned into pyrocumulonimbus clouds. The clouds can help a fire draw in more air and shift surface winds, ③________ (result) in fire tornadoes (龙卷风). Fires have destroyed habitats for animals that ④________ (find) only in Australia, including koalas and rare birds. It will take time to fully know how much harm the fires have done ⑤________ wildlife. The wildfires are expected ⑥________ (continue) burning for months as Australia entered its dry season.     This past year, 2019, is the hottest and driest year on record. Fires happen ⑦________ (regular) during the Australian dry season. However, climate and natural changes fire making the situation ⑧________ (bad). At least 12 million acres have been burned so far in Victoria and New South Wales alone. Smoke from the fires has made ⑨________ to South America. There is so much smoke that it may stay in the air for months, ⑩________ could have a small effect on the planet's climate. 十、阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。     18-year-old Debbie Hall began his kindness marathon after he wanted to gift his own iPad to a friend in early 2020.     His mum asked him what skills he could use to raise cash, ①______ which he answered: "I can be kind." Since then the teen, who has learning difficulties, ②______ (perform) at least one act of kindness every day—more than l,600 in total.     He has walked neighbor's pets, washed cars—— ③______ even a boat—and baked cakes for nurses. The teen has also handed out bread ④______ (buy)with his pocket money to strangers, given 100 roses to 100 women ⑤______ (make) them smile.     Not only that but his deeds attracted £28,000, which he has given to charities. ⑥______ (great) encouraged, Debbie, the once shy boy said "Kindness ⑦______ (be) my superpower. I'm not stopping. I'll raise more money and make more people happy."     "⑧______ is hard for any young person to go up to random strangers and speak to them, and even ⑨______ (hard) for Debbie because he finds it really hard to find words himself. But he somehow found this inner ​⑩______ (strong) of being kind." said his mom. 答案以及解析 一、 答案：①a ②what ③surprisingly ④inspiration ⑤various ⑥which ⑦was shot ⑧their ⑨with ⑩highlighting 解析： ①考查冠词。句意:这个古老的浪漫故事被赋予了一个新的背景, 仍然为现代观众提供了有吸引力的观看。setting意为"背景", 是可数名词, 且此处表泛指, 因此前面用不定冠词, new是辅音音素开头, 故填a。 ②考查宾语从句的引导词。句意:这个故事似乎是用慢镜头呈现的。空格处引导宾语从句, 从句中缺少主语指物, 故填what。 ③考查副词。句意:不出所料, 它变得流行起来, 被观看了超过2000万次。空格处用副词修饰整个句子, 作状语, not surprisingly意为"不出所料", 故填surprisingly。 ④考查名词。句意:罗江女神的故事启发了无数当代艺术家, 他们通过电影和舞剧等各种艺术形式描绘了这位无与伦比的美丽女神。the后跟名词作宾语, 根据句意可知, 空格处意为"灵感,启发", 为inspiration, 是不可数名词, 故填inspiration。 ⑤查形容词。句意:罗江女神的故事启发了无数当代艺术家, 他们通过电影和舞剧等各种艺术形式描绘了这位无与伦比的美丽女神。空格处用形容词作定语, variety的形容词是various, 意为"各种各样的", 故填various。 ⑥考查定语从句的引导词。句意:但这段时长约两分钟、名为《洛河女神狂想曲》的视频之所以能给人留下如此深刻的印象, 并引发如此大的宣传热潮, 是因为它是在水下拍摄的。空格处引导非限制性定语从句, ​指代先行词video并在从句中作主语, 故填which。 ⑦考查一般过去时的被动语态和主谓一致。句意:但这段时长约两分钟、名为《洛河女神狂想曲》的视频之所以能给人留下如此深刻的印象, 并引发如此大的宣传热潮, 是因为它是在水下拍摄的。it指代前面的the video, 是被拍, 且是在过去被拍的, 因此空格处用一般过去时的被动语态, 即was/were done, 主语it是单数, 故填was shot。 ⑧考查形容词性物主代词。句意:她不仅掌握了她的艺术, 而且掌握了在她的肺努力发挥其功能时屏住呼吸的技巧。根据句意和分析可知, 空格处意为"它们的", 后有名词, 因此用形容词性物主代词, 即their, 故填their。 ⑨考查介词。句意:这一切都是用最平和的表情完成的。根据句意可知, 空格处意为"用", 为介词with, 故填with。 ⑩考查现在分词。句意:这并不是河南电视台第一次因其突出中国传统文化的吸引人的视频而受到关注。分析可知, 在that从句中谓语是has gained, 空格处需用非谓语动词, videos和highlight是主谓关系, 因此空格处用现在分词表主动, 作后置定语, 故填highlighting。 二、 答案：1. an2. and3. his4. impatient5. rudely6. counted7. away/ off8. before9. at/by/with10. pennies 解析： 1．an 考查冠词．boy是可数名词,8-year-old boy发元音开头,用不定冠词an． 2．and 考查连词． entered和sat是并列谓语,用and连接表示动作的先后． 3．his 考查代词．his指代the boy's． 4．impatient 考查形容词．根据句意:一些人在等着她的服务,服务员变得不耐烦．用形容词impatient,意为"不耐烦的"． 5．rudely 考查副词．say是动词,用副词修饰． 6．counted 考查副词．根据句意:小男孩有仔细的数了硬币．用动词counted,意为"再一次,又一次"． 7．away/off 考查副词．根据句意:服务员走开了．用副词away/off,意为"离开"． 8．before 考查连词．It+be+一段时间+before-clause此句型中的"一段时间"通常用long,years,weeks,days,hours,minutes等词语表示．主句中的谓语动词为否定形式时,意为"没过多长时间就…"．主句中用was时,before从句中常用一般过去时． 9．at/by/with考查介词．be surprised at/by/with sth．意为"对…惊讶",是固定搭配． 10.pennies 考查名词复数.penny为可数名词,其前有数词five修饰时用复数形式. 三、 答案：crowds; from; laying; the; were used; fairly; it; managed; introduction; successful 解析： ①考查名词的单复数。根据空前面的形容词terrible可知此处填名词,crowd表示"人群",是可数名词,前面没有不定冠词a,所以用复数形式。 ②考查介词。to and from往返,来回,来来往往。to and from work上下班。 ③考查非谓语动词。laying和句中的digging up, building并列。 ④考查冠词。top 是名词,前面要用冠词,此处特指在挖的路的上面,所以用定冠词the。 ⑤考查时态和语态。此处讲的是过去的事情,主语Steam engines和use之间是被动关系,所以用一般过去时的被动语态。 ⑥考查词性转化。此处需要用副词来修饰形容词unpleasant。 ⑦考查代词。用it指代前句中的railway。 ⑧考查时态。此处讲的是过去的事情,所以用一般过去时,主语engineers和manage之间是主动关系,故填managed。 ⑨考查词性转化。根据空前面的with和定冠词the可知此处需要填名词。with the introduction of表示"随……的引进"。 ⑩考查词性转化。句意:伦敦中央地铁是这些新地铁线中最成功的线路之一。根据句意以及空格前的the most可知,此处是the most+多音节形容词构成最高级,故填successful。 四、 答案：1. so2. keeping3. Dressed4. severely5. on6. left7. Although/Though8. was told9. successful10. performances 解析： 1． 本题主要考查 so … that 的固定搭配。so … that 为固定搭配,意为“如此……以至于……”,so 为副词,修饰形容词 good,所以本空应该填 so。such ．．． that ．．． 也固定搭配,意为“如此……以至于……”,such 为形容词,后接名词,故本空不能填 such。故正确答案为 so。 2． 本题主要考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知本句的谓语动词是 is,因此填空处应为非谓语动词,且 keep 与 Ricochet 为逻辑上的主动关系,所以填空处应用现在分词形式。故正确答案为 keeping。 3． 本题主要考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知本句的谓语动词是 helps,因此填空处应为非谓语动词,且 dress 与 Ricochet 为逻辑上的被动关系,所以填空处应用过去分词形式,单词位于句首首字母需要大写。故正确答案为 Dressed。 4． 本题主要考查副词。disabled 是形容词,意为“有残疾的”,本空修饰形容词应该用 severe 的副词形式 severely。故正确答案为 severely。 5． 本题主要考查动词词组。focus on 为固定搭配,意为“集中注意力于”,所以本空应该填介词 on。故正确答案为 on。 6． 本题主要考查一般过去时。结合句意可知,本句是在讲述一场过去的车祸,因此本句应当使用一般过去时,且填空处为本句的谓语动词,leave 应当使用其过去式 left。故正确答案为 left。 7． 本题主要考查连词。分析句子结构可知句中 he had loved surfing before the accident 和 he was too nervous to go back into the water 之间是让步关系,单词位于句首首字母需要大写。故正确答案为 Although/Though。 8． 本题主要考查动词的时态和语态。结合文意本段讲述的是发生于车祸后的事情,是一个过去的时间,因此本句的时态应该用一般过去时,同时谓语动词 tell 和主语 he 是逻辑上的被动关系,因此填空处应当使用被动语态。故正确答案为 was told。 9． 本题主要考查形容词。success 意为“成功”,是名词。而填空处位于系动词 was 后充当表语成分,应该使用形容词,success 的形容词形式是 successful。故正确答案为 successful。 10．本题主要考查名词复数形式。performance 是可数名词,分析句子结构可知,本句为现在完成时,谓语动词为 have,所以其主语要用复数形式 performances。故正确答案为 performances。 五、 答案：①was admitted②falling③what④broaden⑤with⑥highly⑦an⑧various⑨to hire⑩tours 解析：①现在正在就读.因此录取发生在过去.且录取和作者是被动关系。 ②"falling"作宾语补足语。 ③"what"引导从句且在从句中作"like"的宾语。 ④根据句意和答题空后面的名词可知，此处应使用动词。 ⑤"with the help of ... "意为"在……的帮助下"。 ⑥该词修饰动词"value"，因此用副词。 ⑦此处表达的是"以某种方式"，因此使用不定冠词。 ⑧根据句意和答题空后面的名词可知.此处用形容词。 ⑨该句的"it"为形式宾语，不定式短语作真正的宾语。 ⑩根据本段意思，作者经常骑自行车游览，因此应用复数形式。 六、 答案：1. while/but2. wrote3. called4. a5. their6. permission7. to make8. popularized9. legally10. for/with 解析：1.while/but。考查连词。然而或但是。 2．wrote。考查时态。 3．called。考查非谓语动词。过去分词作后置定语 4．a。考查冠词。抽象名词具体化。 5．their。考查代词。根据前文可知是两姐妹的才 6．permission。考查名词。 7．to make。考查非谓语动词。固定搭配。 8．popularized。考查词性变化及时态。 9．legally。考查副词。 10.for/with。考查介词。 七、 答案：①challenging ②stores ③and ④were covered ⑤us ⑥patiently ⑦why ⑧caught ⑨the ⑩kindness 解析：①考查词性转换。句意为: 当你怀孕六个月并且带着一个两岁的女孩时, 在城市里四处走动真的很有挑战性。此处作be动词的表语, 表示"有挑战性的", 故填challenging。 ②考查名词单复数。句意为: 一个春天的下午, 我们去附近的一家杂货店买一些食物。此处为"one of+名词复数"的结构, 故填stores。 ③考查连词。句意为: 没有下雨的迹象, 而且商店就在拐角处, 所以我们没带伞就去了。结合句意可知, 此处为并列陈述, 故填and。 ④考查动词的时态和语态及主谓一致。句意为: 然而, 当我们正要离开商店时, 雨下得很大, 几分钟后街道就被水覆盖了。本句and连接两个谓语动词, 此处也应用一般过去时, streets与cover为被动关系, 故填were covered。 ⑤考查代词。句意为: 当我们来到一个十字路口耐心地等待红灯时, 我注意到一对年轻的中国夫妇在盯着我们。此处作介词的宾语, 应用宾格形式, 故填us。 ⑥考查词性转换。句意见上一题解析。此处修饰动词waiting, 应用副词形式, 故填patiently。 ⑦考查名词性从句。句意为: 我想他们可能想知道为什么一个怀孕的外国人会拖着她的孩子穿梭在雨中。分析句子结构可知, 设空处引导宾语从句, 结合句意可知, 此处表示"为什么", 设空处在从句中作状语, 故填why。 ⑧考查非谓语动词。句意为: 虽然意外淋雨了, 但我们仍然珍惜这段记忆, 永远记住这对中国夫妇的温暖和善良。此处为状语从句的省略, 从句省略了主语we和be动词, 省略的主语we与catch之间为被动关系, 故填caught。 ⑨考查冠词。句意见上一题解析。此处指代"雨中陌生人给我们送伞"的这段记忆, 应为特指, 故填the。 ⑩考查词性转换。句意见第⑧题解析。此处与warmth并列, 应用名词, 故填kindness。 八、 答案：①when ②was made ③to ④truth ⑤to ask ⑥the ⑦finally ⑧missing ⑨decades⑩planned 解析：①考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，所填词引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词moment，且在从句中作状语，故填when。 ②考查动词时态和语态。此处句子主语是the discovery，与动词make之间是被动关系，且表示过去发生的动作，故填was made。 ③考查介词。look similar to“看起来与……相似；和……相同”。 ④考查词性转换。此处truth是名词形式，用作动词uncover的宾语。 ⑤考查非谓语动词。此处to ask是动词不定式，用作目的状语。 ⑥考查冠词。此处the是定冠词，表示特指，常与same连用。 ⑦考查词性转换。此处finally是副词，用作状语，修饰动词confirmed。 ⑧考查词性转换。go missing“失踪；不见；丢失”。 ⑨考查名词单复数。根据空前的two可知，此处应用可数名词decade的复数形式。 ⑩考查非谓语动词。此处planned是过去分词，意思是“按计划的”，用作状语，相当于as it had been planned. 九、 答案：the; sent ; resulting ; are found; to; to continue; regularly; worse; it ; which 解析：①考查冠词。此处应用定冠词the,特指澳大利亚这个国家。故填the。 ②考查动词的时态。根据第一段第一句中的"in January, 2020"可知,此处应用一般过去时,表示过去发生的动作。故填sent。 ③考查非谓语动词。句中已有谓语动词help和shift,此处应用非谓语动词;此处应用result的现在分词形式表示自然而然的结果。故填resulting。 ④考查动词的时态、语态及主谓一致。根据语境可知,此处表示只有澳大利亚有这些动物,表示客观事实,应用一般现在时,且that引导的定语从句修饰先行词animals, animals和find之间是被动关系,应用被动语态;又因主语为复数形式,谓语动词也应用复数形式。故填are found。 ⑤考查介词。根据语境可知,此处指要想完全弄清楚大火给野生动物带来多大伤害需要很长时间。do harm to是固定搭配,意为“对……造成伤害”。故填to。 ⑥考查非谓语动词。be expected to do sth.是固定搭配,意为“有望做某事”。故填to continue。 ⑦考查词性转换。此处应用副词修饰动词happen。故填regularly。 ⑧考查形容词的比较级。根据语境可知,在旱季,澳大利亚火灾频发。然而,气候和自然变化使这一情况变得更糟糕,所以此处应用bad的比较级作宾语补足语。故填worse。 ⑨考查代词。根据语境可知,大火产生的一部分烟已经飘到美国南部地区。make it是固定搭配,意为“成功”。故填it。 ⑩考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知,空格处引导非限制性定语从句,先行词是整个主句,关系词在从句中作主语,所以此处应用which引导该从句。故填which。 十、 答案：1. to2. has performed3. and4. bough5. to make6. Greatly7. is8. It9. harder10. strength 解析： 1．该空所在句为非限制性定语从句,answer后通常与介词to连用,因此该空填介词to,to which引导定语从句,which指代前面整个句子。 2．根据"since then(从那时起)",可知该句用现在完成时,故填has performed。 3．该空填and,指"洗车甚至是船"。 4．该空填非谓语动词,buy与其逻辑主语bread之间是被动关系,因此该空填过去分词bought, "bought with his pocket money"作bread的后置定语。 5．该空填动词不定式to make, "to make them smile"在句中作目的状语。 6．该空填副词Greatly,修饰过去分词encouraged 7．Kindness作主语,因此该空填is。 8．该空填It,It是形式主语,动词不定式短语to go up…是真正的主语。 9．此处具有比较的意味,指"对于Debbie来说更难",故填比较级harder。 10.该空填名词strength(力量),作found的宾语。 三、科技类 一、阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。     The latest hit drama series named "Medal of the Republic" ①______ (arouse) enthusiastic discussion on Chinese social media. The series tells heart-warming stories about the first group of eight recipients of the Medal of the Republic, the country's ②______(high) honor for those ③______ have made great contributions to ④______ development of the People's Republic of China.     Among the recipients are combat ⑤______(hero) Li Yannian and Zhang Fuqing, nuclear physicist Yu Min, farmer Shen Jilan, satellite expert Sun Jiadong, "father of hybrid rice" Yuan Longping, nuclear scientist Huang Xuhua, and pharmacologist Tu Youyou.     The series is centered ⑥______ these people's devotion to their careers and ⑦______(continue) efforts to improve Chinese people's lives. Through the patriotism and the never-yielding spirit shown by these great people, the series hopes ⑧______(inspire) the younger generation.     According to the series' chief director Zheng Xiaolong, ⑨______(compare)to most documentaries that show the whole life of the featured individual, this series focuses ⑩______(specific) on the individuals' most shining moments. 二、阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。     Heard of the “metaverse” (元宇宙) lately? It has been hard not to. “Metaverse”, a ①________ (combine) of the prefix “meta”, meaning beyond and “verse”, which relates to the universe, has become the ②________ (late) buzzword (热词).     Facebook Chief Executive Mark Zuckerberg mentioned this term 16 times on a meeting ③________ (hold) last month. The future of Facebook, he said, is a metaverse, ④________ you can be physically present to hang out, play games, work and create.     But he didn’t coin the term. Neal Stephenson’s 1992 science fiction is regarded as the original inspiration for the concept. Tech giants want to play a role—preferably a ⑤________ (lead) one. Companies ranging from Intel Core to Unity Software made relevant plans last year. Apple Inc. is reported ⑥________ (work) on AR devices of its own currently.     But world through VR has plenty of drawbacks. There is still ongoing debate as to ⑦________ continual use of VR is safe. Some suggest parents avoid exposing their children to VR as their eyes are still developing. In addition, its target population interact little with people in real life, which ⑧________ (cause) concern in the past few years.     The last decade has seen AR and VR develop ⑨________ (remarkable). Metaverse, ⑩__________ a consequence, can be built as expected. But consumers will have to look before they leap. 三、阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。     Have you ever wondered ①________ you would do to solve math problems if you didn’t have a calculator or computer or even pencil and paper? People in China have used an ancient counting tool ②________(perform) mathematical operations. The Chinese calculator’s name is “suanpan”, but it is known ③________ “abacus” in English. Invented by Liu Hong, abacus is one of the symbols of Chinese people’s wisdom ④________(date) back to the 12th century.     Abacus has had a far-reaching influence on science and technology, language, literature, art, architecture and many ⑤________ fields of China and even some areas of the world. Meanwhile, abacus has affected people’s character, such as honesty and diligence. For centuries, this simple counting device (设备) ⑥________(pass) down through different dynasties with its original design and purpose ⑦________(actual) unchanged.     The calculations can be made on it immediately, with the device storing the results in “visual storage” much like a computer display. When working with an amount of ⑧________(number), an abacus is practically faster, since it has a ⑨________(good) “keyboard” than the Western calculators. Anyway, the small abacus has made an outstanding contribution in the fields of human intellectual development, just as the computer does in today’s ⑩________(social). 四、阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。     Thanks to an online facial recognition system, a ①______(China)man who was separated from his parents as a child has found his family.     Fu Gui, 33, was re-connected with his birth parents on April 1, 2018 after ②______(use) “Baby Come Home", a website that is ③______(special) used to help people find their missing relatives.     The website use a facial recognition system, ④______ matches the portraits offered by parents who are looking for their missing ⑤______(child) with people who are trying to find their parents.     This is the first time in China missing children and their parents ⑥______(be) re-connected with-the help of facial recognition technology.     As his father recalled, Fu Gui ⑦______(bear) in Chongqing, south-west China, in 1984 and went missing in 1990. ⑧______(find) his son, the man uploaded Fu Gui's information to the website "Baby Come Home" and attached a picture of Fu Gui ⑨______ he was little.     The re-connection of Fu Gui and his parents marked ⑩________ first case in China for missing children and their families to be matched with the help of facial recognition technology. 五、阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。     The Shenzhou-13 return capsule, carrying the three Chinese astronauts, Zhai Zhigang, Wang Yaping and Ye Guangfu, ①______(safe) landed back on Earth on Saturday morning after a record breaking six-month mission in space. China declared the Shenzhou-13 mission ②______ complete success after the medical team waiting on site confirmed that all three astronauts were ③______ good health.     Zhai, the commander of the mission, was the first ④______(come) out of the capsule, waving his hand to the cheering crowd on site with a big smile. He said he felt very good. He ⑤______(follow) by Wang, the first female Chinese astronaut who had entered China’s space station. “I want to tell my daughter, mom returned after reaching for the stars,” she said. Ye ⑥______(exit) last from the capsule.     “My first flight to space lasted six ⑦______(month), which was a challenge to me. My space dream came true,” he said.     During the six-month journey in the space station, the crew confirmed key technologies for the construction of the space station, ⑧______(involve) in-orbit transposition of spacecraft and robotic arm operation of heavy loads. Besides ⑨______(science) missions, the crew also gave two live science lectures from the space station, during ⑩________ they conducted various experiments and answered questions from students watching the class on Earth. 六、阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 For more than 12,000 years the tools of farming ①______(develop) from hoes to horse-drawn plows to high-tech tractors. Now, as we face the all-time challenge of feeding eight billion people, the tools of agriculture are changing once again. A drone (无人机) circling high above the countryside gives a farmer an overall overview into what is happening on their land. Equipped with specialized ②______ (camera), drones provide real-time data on crops, locating areas that need watering, weeding, or treating, and even ③____ (perform) some of those tasks themselves. ④______ (similar), drones can track herds of cattle or sheep over vast areas, helping to identify sickness and locate lost animals more efficiently than man alone. Meanwhile, on the ground, autonomous robots, which ⑤______ (design) to drill, sow, water, weed, treat, and even harvest crops, could be the key to micro-managing large areas of farmland. These robots work ⑥______ a team, communicating constantly with one another while independently making precise decisions on exactly what is needed centimeter by centimeter. Alongside drones and robots, a ⑦______ (combine) of sensors, hand-held devices and Apps, is making it easier ⑧______ (gather) valuable information on everything from soil health to crop growth. Armed with these new tools, farmers will have ⑨______ (great) control of their resources than ever before, at a time ⑩______ maximizing agricultural productivity has become a global priority. 七、阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。     Face recognition technology has made the journey from science fiction fancy ①______ the everyday familiar thing in our lives. In particular, facial recognition can be divided into two separate ②______ (technique) for identifying individuals: face detection and face identification. Face detection refers to ③______ (find) a human face within an image and identifying the measurements, relative placement and size of facial features. Face identification determines the identity of ④______ human face by comparing it with existing photos in a database.     Japan’s NEC ⑤______ (develop) face recognition technology in the late 1990s. Its NeoFace system can ⑥______ (accurate) identify human faces both in still images and videos. Recognition can be performed while subjects are walking naturally, ⑦______ means that there’s no need to remain still in front of a camera.     In the past few years, many new applications for face recognition technology ⑧______ (appear). For example, in office building cafeterias, face recognition technology can shorten the check-out process. Banks can also employ the system ⑨______ (detect) VIP customers once they have entered the bank. With both security and ​⑩______ (convenient) in mind, NEC attempts to use face recognition technology in building a better future for all. 八、阅读下面材料,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Halverson launched Waitz App with his roommates in UC San Diego after being frustrated by the lack of open spaces at the University's library. "I was walking up and down several ①_____ (floor)of UCSD's Geisel Library trying to find a seat, only ②_____ (see)no space available, " Halverson said. "I said to myself out loud, 'I wish I knew ③_____ busy every floor was before I came!' " This fall, students in UCSD can monitor seats through Waitz App, seeing which areas of the library have free seats without ④_____ (have)to physically visit it themselves. It uses the Internet to determine the number of people in a ⑤_____ (give)space. Sensors, ⑥_____ can scan for Bluetooth and Wi-Fi signals, are fixed into the walls. The signals ⑦_____ (change)into live occupancy data which are displayed in the monitors and on the mobile app. According to Halverson, the sensors have at least 90% ⑧_____ (accurate)and do not collect any ⑨_____ (person) information. Using the app, they can identify their best bets for ⑩_____ alternative space-and to know before they go to the library where's the best place to find a spot. 九、阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。     Over the past 3 decades great scientific breakthroughs ①________(make) in China. And a piece of good news: newly-developed robotic hands were displayed at ②________ sci-tech exhibition last Tuesday in East China’s Anhui province. The robotic arms, developed by researchers at the University of Science and Technology of China (USTC), have advanced ③________ (grasp) abilities compared with those on the market. They can complete flexible movements including picking up pieces of paper, bowls, soft tofu and cakes and placing ④________ (they) in certain places accurately. With the arms, robots can grasp and place different objects ⑤________ (steady) after judging the shape and size of the item.     "Imported robotic arms with such functions ⑥________ (be) very expensive and the current robotic arms in China can hardly conduct such complex movements. ⑦________, the new robotic arms cost no more than 1,000 yuan, ⑧________ gives them an advantage for much wider ⑨________ (apply)“ said Chen Xiaoping, director of the Robotics Laboratory at USTC. According to Chen, the arms will be first fixed on ”Kejia“, a home service robot developed by USTC, and are expected ​⑩________ (use) in more fields such as the elderly care services and logistics in the future. 十、阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 It's hard to keep up with technology, especially when science fiction becomes science fact. For decades, we ①______（watch）movies about a future with flying cars. This week, we saw a real one. A prototype flying AirCar ②______（successful）completed a test flight between two cities in Slovakia. The 90km journey took 35 minutes. AirCar is from a company ③______（call）Klein Vision. The company founder said，④______（fly）at a height of 2,500 metres and a speed of 185kph,it has turned science fiction into a ⑤______（real）.” AirCar is a road-legal car ⑥______ transforms into an aircraft in less than three minutes. AirCar CEO Professor Stefan Klein flew and landed the vehicle ⑦______ its test flight. After landing at Bratislava Airport, he pushed one button ⑧______（turn）the aircraft into a sports car and drove it into downtown Bratislava. He described ⑨______ flight as "normal" and "very pleasant". His company is working on a newer AirCar. This will have a much ⑩______（power）engine that is capable of a cruising speed of 300 kph and a range of 1,000 kilometres. The newer model will be a four-seater as opposed to the two-seater that was recently tested. 答案以及解析 一、 答案：①has aroused②highest③who④the⑤heroes⑥on⑦continuous⑧to inspire⑨compared⑩specifically 解析：本文是一篇说明文,主要介绍的是电视剧《功勋》。 ①考查时态和主谓一致。句意:最新热播电视剧《功勋》在中国社交媒体上引发了热烈的讨论。根据语境可知,《功勋》已经引发了热烈的讨论,因此句子时态用现在完成时,主语“The latest hit drama series”指的是《功勋》这一部电视剧,因此是单数,空格处是has aroused,故填has aroused。 ②考查形容词最高级。句意:该电视剧讲述了首批8位共和国勋章获得者的感人故事。共和国勋章是国家授予那些为中华人民共和国的发展做出巨大贡献的人的最高荣誉。由常识可知,共和国勋章是国家授予那些为中华人民共和国的发展做出巨大贡献的人的最高荣誉,空格处意为“最高的”,用形容词最高级highest,故填highest。 ③考查定语从句。句意:该电视剧讲述了首批8位共和国勋章获得者的感人故事。共和国勋章是国家授予那些为中华人民共和国的发展做出巨大贡献的人的最高荣誉。分析句子结构可知,空格处引导定语从句,从句中缺少主语,先行词those指人,因此空格处用关系代词who,故填who。 ④考查定冠词。句意:该电视剧讲述了首批8位共和国勋章获得者的感人故事。共和国勋章是国家授予那些为中华人民共和国的发展做出巨大贡献的人的最高荣誉。空格处用定冠词特指“中华人民共和国的发展”,故填the。 ⑤考查名词的复数。句意:获奖者包括战斗英雄李延年和张福清、核物理学家于敏、农民申纪兰、卫星专家孙家栋、“杂交水稻之父”袁隆平、核科学家黄旭华和药理学家屠呦呦。“Li Yannian and Zhang Fuqing, nuclear physicist Yu Min, farmer Shen Jilan, satellite expert Sun Jiadong, "father of hybrid rice" Yuan Longping, nuclear scientist Huang Xuhua, and pharmacologist Tu Youyou.”是多个人,因此空格处用复数heroes,故填heroes。 ⑥考查介词和固定短语。句意:这部电视剧集中讲述了这些人对事业的奉献,以及为改善中国人民的生活而不懈努力的故事。be centered on是固定短语,意为“集中于”,因此空格处是介词on,故填on。 ⑦考查形容词。句意:这部电视剧讲述了这些人对事业的奉献,以及为改善中国人民的生活而不懈努力的故事。空格处用形容词作定语,修饰名词efforts,continue的形容词是continuous,意为“持续的”,故填continuous。 ⑧考查不定式。句意:通过这些伟大的人所表现出的爱国主义和永不屈服的精神,这部电视剧希望能够激励年轻一代。hope to do是固定短语,意为“希望做某事”,因此空格处用不定式to inspire,故填to inspire。 ⑨考查过去分词。句意:该剧总导演郑晓龙表示,相比于大多数记录人物一生的纪录片,这部剧更关注人物最辉煌的时刻。分析句子结构可知,句中谓语是focuses,空格处用非谓语动词形式作状语,this series和compare之间是逻辑动宾关系,因此空格处用过去分词表被动,故填compared。 ⑩考查副词。句意:该剧总导演郑晓龙表示,相比于大多数记录人物一生的纪录片,这部剧更关注人物最辉煌的时刻。空格处用副词修饰动词focuses, specific的副词是specifically,意为“特意”,故填specifically。 二、 答案：①combination②latest③held④where⑤leading⑥to be working⑦whether⑧has caused⑨remarkably⑩as 解析：本文是说明文。文章主要讲述元宇宙是什么。 ①考查名词。句意: "Metaverse",是前缀“meta”,意思是超出,和“verse” 的结合,它和宇宙有关,已经成为了最近的热词。根据句子结构和意思可知,前面有“a” 修饰,所以这里用可数名词单数。故填combination。 ②考查形容词。句意:见第1题详解。根据句子结构和意思可知,后面有名词“buzzword”,所以这里用形容词作定语,修饰后面的名词;空格前面有“the”,所以要用形容词的最高级。故填latest。 ③考查非谓语动词。句意:脸书总裁马克扎克伯格在.上个月举办的一次会议上提到这个词16次。根据句子结构和意思可知,这里用过去分词作后置定语,修饰前面的名词“meeting”,“hold” 和“a meeting”之间是被动关系,用过去分词。故填held。 ④考查定语从句。句意:他说,脸书的未来是一个元宇宙,在那里,你可以实际出现去闲逛,玩游戏,工作和创造。根据句子结构和意思可知,这里是非限制性定语从句,先行词是“metaverse”,在从句中作地点状语。故填where。 ⑤考查形容词。句意:科技巨头想要扮演一个角色一完美的- 个主角角色。根据句子结构和意思可知,这里用形容词作定语,修饰后面的代词“one” 。故填leading。 ⑥考查固定句型。句意:据报道,苹果公司目前正在致力于研究他自己的AR设备。根据句子结构和意思可知,这里是固定句型sb./sth. Be reported to do的结构,表示“据报 道,....做某事”的意思,表示“正在致力于研究”,要用动词不定式的进行式。故填to be working。 ⑦考查宾语从句。句意:关于继续使用VR技术是否是安全的争论一直在进行。 根据句子结构和意思可知,这里介词短语“as to”后面的是宾语从句,从句“continual use of VR is safe”是主系表结构,基本成分完整,上下文意思需要“是否”的意思,故填whether。 ⑧考查时态。句意:此外,它的目标人群在现实生活中和人们几乎没有交流,这在过去的几年里已经引起了担忧。根据句子结构和意思可知,这里是定语从句“which ___(cause) concern in the past few years”的谓语动词,因为有“in the past few years"作时间状语,所以谓语要用现在完成时,主语是前面整个主句的内容,所以助动词用单数形式。故填has caused。 ⑨考查副词。句意:过去的10年已经见证了AR和VR卓越的发展。根据句子结构和意思可知,这里是副词修饰动词“develop” 。故填remarkably。 ⑩考查介词短语。句意:因此,元宇宙可以像预期的那样被建立。根据句子结构和意思可知,这里考查介词短语“as a consequence”表示“因此”的意思。故填as。 三、 答案：①what②to perform③as④dating⑤other⑥has been passed⑦actually⑧numbers⑨better⑩society 解析：①考查连接代词。分析句子可知, wondered后的部分为宾语从句,从句中动词do后缺宾语,且表示"……的事物",故此处用what。该句中"if you didn't have a calculator or computer or even pencil and paper"为虚拟条件状语从句。 ②考查动词不定式。use sth. to do sth.表示"用某物做某事",为固定搭配。 ③考查介词。be known as..."作为……而出名",为固定搭配。 ④考查非谓语动词。date back to...表示"追溯到……;始于……"。句子主语abacus与动词date为逻辑上的主谓关系,故用现在分词作状语。 ⑤考查形容词。此处是说相对于前面提到的"科技、语言、文学、艺术、建筑学"等学科领域之外的其他领域,故要用other"其他的,另外的''来修饰后面的名词fields。 ⑥考查时态、语态和主谓一致。由时间状语For centuries可知,谓语动词要用现在完成时;由device和pass down之间的逻辑关系可知,要用被动语态,故填has been passed。 ⑦考查副词。副词actually修饰后面的形容词unchanged,此处意为"实际上未改变过的"。 ⑧考查名词。number"数字"是可数名词,其前有plenty of修饰,故用复数形式。 ⑨考查形容词比较级。由空后的比较级标志词than可知,此处用比较级。 ⑩考查名词。空前的所有格today's修饰名词,故空处应该用society。 四、 答案：①Chinese②using③specially④which⑤children⑥have been⑦was born⑧To find⑨when⑩the 解析：这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了利用人脸识别系统一失踪了27年的男子与双亲重聚的故事。 ①考查形容词。句意:因一个网上面部识别系统,一名从小就与父母失散的中国人找到了自己的家人。设空处修饰后面的名词man,所以应用形容词,专有名词,首字母大写。故填Chinese。 ②考查非谓语动词。句意:2018年4月1日,33岁的付贵在使用“宝贝回家”——一个专门帮助人们寻找失踪亲人的网站后,与自己的亲生父母重聚。分析句子结构可知,动词use在句中作非谓语,位于介词after后,所以用动名词形式作宾语,以不发音的e结尾,去e再加ing。故填using。 ③考查副词。句意:句意:2018年4月1日,33岁的付贵在使用“宝贝回家”——一个专门帮助人们寻找失踪亲人的网站后,与自己的亲生父母重聚。根据句意,提示词special修饰后面的动词used,修饰动词用副词。故填specially。 ④考查非限制性定语从句。句意:该网站使用面部识别系统,将寻找失踪孩子的父母所提供的照片与试图寻找父母的人进行匹配。结合句意和句子结构,设空处指代上文的website,引导其后的定语从句,在从句中做谓语动词matches的主语,即指物作主语,逗号隔开,是非限制性定语从句,不能用that。故填which。 ⑤考查名词单复数。句意:该网站使用面部识别系统,将寻找失踪孩子的父母所提供的照片与试图寻找父母的人进行匹配。child是可数名词,结合句意可知,失踪的孩子不止一个,用名词复数。故填children。 ⑥考查谓语动词的时态和主谓一致。句意:在中国,这是首次失踪儿童与他们的父母借助于面部识别技术重聚。根据句型It is the first/second...time (that) sb has/have done sth(这是某人第一/二…次做某事)可知,空处应用现在完成时,主语missing children and their parents是名词复数,助动词用have。故填have been。 ⑦考查谓语动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。句意:据他的父亲回忆,付贵于1984年出生在中国西南的重庆市,于1990年失踪。分析句子结构可知,设空处作谓语动词,出生用结构be born,发生在1984年,应该用一般过去时态,主语Fu Gui是第三人称单数,谓语动词用单数。故填was born。 ⑧考查非谓语动词。句意:为了找到儿子,付贵的父亲把付贵的照片上传到“宝贝回家”网站,并附上了一张他小时候的照片。分析句子结构可知,动词find在句子作非谓语动词,结合句意可知,表目的,所以用动词不定式,位于句首,首字母大写。故填To find。 ⑨考查连词。句意:为了找到儿子,付贵的父亲把付贵的照片上传到“宝贝回家”网站,并附上了一张他小时候的照片。根据句意可知,设空处表达“……时候”之意。故填when。 ⑩考查定冠词。句意:付贵与其父母的重聚标志着中国首次将人脸识别系统成功用于寻找失踪儿童及其父母。结合句子结构可知,设空处用来限定其后的序数词first,强调顺序,所以用定冠词。故填the。 五、 答案：①safely②a③in④to come⑤was followed⑥exited⑦months⑧involving⑨scientific⑩which 解析：本文是一篇新闻报道。 主要讲述了神州13号飞船安全返回地球,三位宇航员翟志刚、王亚平和叶光复分别描述了自己的感受,文章还提到他们在太空站所进行的科学和科普课堂。 [小题1]考查副词。句意:周六上午,神舟13号返回舱搭载了翟志刚、王亚平和叶光复三名中国宇航员,在完成打破纪录的六个月太空任务后安全返回地球。根据语境可知,此句意为“安全地着陆",需要用副词来修饰动词landed,故填safely. [小题2]考查不定冠词。句意:在现场等待的医疗小组确认三名宇航员身体健康后,中国宣布神舟十三号任务圆满成功。此句意为“宣布神州13号是一个巨大的成功”, success作Shenzhou-13 mission的宾语补足语,表示泛指, complete success欠缺不定冠词。故填a。 [小题3]考查介词。句意:在现场等待的医疗小组确认三名宇航员身体健康后,中国宣布神舟十三号任务圆满成功。be in good health意为“身体健康",是固定短语。故填in。 [小题4]考查不定式。句意:翟志刚,这次任务的指挥官,是第一一个走出太空舱的人,他微笑着向现场欢呼的人群挥手。当被修饰词前面有序数词时,要用动词不定式作后置定语。故填to come. [小题5]考查被动语态。句意:他说他感觉很好。他后面跟着王,她是进入中国空间站的第- -位中国女宇航员。根据语境可知,此句意为紧随其后的是王亚平",翟是“被跟随",所以是被动语态,时态根据上下文是过去时,且主语是第三人称单数,谓语动词用单数。故填was followed, [小题6]考查谓语动词的时态。句意:叶光复最后从胶囊舱里出来。根据上下文可知,此处在陈述过去的事情,所以是过去时。故填exited, [小题7]考查名词单复数。句意:“我的第一次太空 飞行持续了6个月,这对我来说是一个挑战。 我的太空梦实现了,”他说。month“月"是可数名词,由six修饰用复数。故填months. [小题8]考查非谓语动词。句意:在为期6个月的空间站之旅中,宇航员确定了空间站建设的关键技术,包括航天器在轨换位和机械臂重载操作。分析句子结构可知,此处为分词短语作状语,动词involve和其逻辑主语之间是 主谓关系。故填involving. [小题9]考查形容词。句意:除了科学任务,宇航员还在空间站上进行了两次现场科学讲座,期间他们进行了各种实验,并回答了在地球上观看课堂的学生的问题。根据语境可知,此句意为“除了科学的任务之外”,用形容词修饰miso作定语。故填scientific。 [小题10]考查定语从句。句意:除了科学任务,宇航员还在空间站上进行了两次现场科学讲座,期间他们进行了各种实验,并回答了在地球上观看课堂的学生的问题。根据句子结构可知,空处引导非限制性定语从句,先行词lectures, 从句中作介词during的宾语,用关系代词which。 故填which 六、 答案：①have developed②cameras③performing④Similarly⑤are designed⑥as⑦combination⑧to gather⑨greater⑩when 解析：①考查动词的时态和主谓一致。根据本句中的“For more than 12,000 years”可知，此处应用现在完成时；且主语“tools”为复数，谓语动词也应用复数形式。故填have developed。 ②考查名词的单复数。camera是可数名词；且根据下文中的“drones”可知，此处应用其复数形式。故填cameras。 ③考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，本句主语“drones”与动词perform为主动关系，且与上文中的“locating”为并列结构，故应用现在分词形式。故填performing。 ④考查词性转换。此处应用副词修饰整个句子，作状语。故填Similarly。注意首字母大写。 ⑤考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，which引导非限制定语从句，修饰先行词“robots”，句中缺少谓语动词，主语“robots”与动词design之间为动宾关系，且此处描述的是客观事实，应用一般现在时的被动语态，且主语“robots”为复数，谓语动词也应用复数形式。故填are designed。 ⑥考查介词。此处表示这些机器人作为一个团队工作。固定搭配work as意为“以……身份而工作”。故填as。 ⑦考查名词。分析句子成分可知，空格处应该填一个名词。故填combine的名词形式combination。 ⑧考查非谓语动词。固定句式 make it adj. (for sb.) to do sth.意为“（对某人来说）做某事是……”，其中it作形式宾语，真正的宾语为其后的动词不定式。故填to gather。 ⑨考查形容词的比较等级。根据下文中的“than”可知，此处应用形容词的比较级形式。故填greater。 ⑩考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空格处引导定语从句，先行词是“a time”，表示时间意义，且从句中不缺成分，此处应用when引导该从句。故填when。 七、 答案：1. to 2. techniques 3. finding 4. a 5. developed6. accurately 7. which 8. have appeared 9. to detect 10. convenience 解析：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了人脸识别技术的工作原理和应用。 1． to 考查介词。from．．．to．．．是固定搭配,意为“从……到……”。故填to。 2． techniques 考查名词的单复数。technique是可数名词,且根据上文中的“two”可知,此处应用其复数形式。故填techniques。 3． finding 考查非谓语动词。refer to是固定搭配,意为“指的是”,to为介词,其后应接动名词。故填finding。 4． a 考查冠词。此处泛指“一张人脸”,且human是以辅音音素开头的单词,应用a修饰。故填a。 5． developed 考查动词的时态。根据时间状语“in the late 1990s”可知,此处应用一般过去时。故填developed。 6． accurately 考查词性转换。此处应用副词修饰动词“identify”。故填accurately。 7． which 考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知,空处引导非限制性定语从句,先行词在从句中作主语,修饰前面一整句话,应用which引导该从句。故填which。 8． have appeared 考查动词的时态和主谓一致。根据时间状语“In the past few years”可知,此处应用现在完成时;主语“many new applications”为复数,谓语动词应用复数形式。故填have appeared。 9． to detect 考查非谓语动词。此处应用动词不定式作目的状语。故填to detect。 10．convenience 考查词性转换。介词“With”后应接名词作宾语。故填convenience。 八、 答案：①floors②to see③how④having⑤given⑥which⑦are changed/will be changed⑧accuracy⑨personal⑩an 解析：①考查名词的数的用法。此句意为“我当时正在加州大学圣地亚哥分校盖泽尔图书馆（Geisel Library）的几层楼里来回走动，试图找到一个座位，但却没有一个空位。” ②考查非谓语动词的用法。句意解析如上，句中用不定式to do表达意料之外的结果。 ③考查连词的用法。此句考查宾语从句，意为“我希望我来之前知道每一层楼都有多拥挤”。 ④考查非谓语动词的用法。此句意为“今年秋天，UCSD的学生可以通过Waitz应用程序监控座位，看到图书馆的哪些区域有空闲空间，而不用亲自去到图书馆。” ⑤考查非谓语动词的用法。此句意为“它利用互联网来确定一个特定空间的人数。” ⑥考查定语从句的用法。此句意为“传感器被固定在墙壁上，可以扫描蓝牙和Wi-Fi信号。” ⑦考查动词的时态和语态用法。此句意为“信号（将会）被转换成实时占用率数据，显示在监视器和移动应用程序上。” ⑧考查词性转换。此句意为“根据Halverson所说，传感器至少有90%的准确率，而且不会收集任何个人身份信息。” ⑨考查词性转换。句意解析如上，因空后是名词“information”，故填形容词形式。 ⑩考查冠词的用法。此句意为“使用这个应用程序，他们可以确定自己在一个可选择空间内的最佳选择，并在去图书馆之前就知道哪里是最好的能找到座位的地方。” 九、 答案：1. have been made2. a3. grasping4. them5. steadily6. are7. However8. which9. application10. to be used 解析： (1)have been made.考查动词时态及语态。句意:在过去的三十年里,中国取得了重大的科学突破。分析句子可知,此处为谓语动词,时间状语为Over the past 3 decades,句子用现在完成时,主语great scientific breakthroughs与make之间是被动关系,且主语为复数形式,故填have been made. (2)a.考查冠词。句意:上周二在中国东部的安徽省举行的一个科技展上,展示了一个新开发的机器人手的好消息。结合句意可知,此处表示泛指,用不定冠词,sci-tech为辅音音素开头的单词,故填a. (3)grasping.考查现在分词。句意:中国科技大学的研究人员开发的机器人手臂比市场上的机器人具有更高的抓握能力。分析句子可知,此处为非谓语动词作定语,表示"抓握能力",故用现在分词作定语,故填grasping. (4)them.考查代词。句意:他们可以完成灵活的动作,包括拿起纸碗,软豆腐和蛋糕块,并准确地把它们放在某些地方。结合句意可知,此处代指bowls,soft tofu and cakes,故填them. (5)steadily.考查副词。句意:通过手臂,机器人可以在判断物品的形状和大小后,稳定地抓取和放置不同的物体。分析句子可知,此处修饰动词grasp and place,副词修饰动词,故填steadily. (6)are.考查主谓一致。句意:这种功能的进口机械臂价格昂贵,中国现有的机械臂很难进行如此复杂的运动。主语Imported robotic arms为复数形式,谓语动词用复数形式,故填are. (7)However.考查副词。句意:然而,这种新型机械臂的价格不超过1000元,这使其具有更广泛应用的优势。结合句意可知,此处前后为转折关系,置于句首,首字母大写,故填However. (8)which.考查定语从句。句意:然而,这种新型机械臂的价格不超过1000元,这使其具有更广泛应用的优势。分析句子可知,此处引导非限制性定语从句,先行词为前面一句话,在从句中作主语,故填which. (9)application.考查名词。句意:然而,这种新型机械臂的价格不超过1000元,这使其具有更广泛应用的优势.。分析句子可知,此处作介词for的宾语,名词作宾语,故填application. (10)to be used.考查动词不定式及语态。句意:据陈国强介绍,这些手臂将首先固定在科大研发的家政服务机器人"科佳"上,未来有望在养老服务、物流等更多领域得到应用。be expected to do表示"期望做某事"符合句意,a home service robot与use之间是被动关系,故填to be used. 十、 答案：①have watched②successfully③called④Flying⑤reality⑥that/which⑦on⑧to turn⑨the⑩more powerful 解析：①考查动词时态。时间状语For decades；句意：几十年来，我们一直在看关于飞车未来的电影。由此可知：该句谓语动词应用现在完成时。故该空填have watched。 ②考查副词。修饰动词completed应用副词形式。故该空填successfully。 ③考查过去分词。a company called Klein Vision一个叫Klein Vision 的公司。此处called为过去分词作定语。故该空填called。 ④考查现在分词。句意：飞行高度2500米，时速185公里，该飞车把科幻变成了现实。Fly与句子主语it之间为主动关系，应用现在分词作状语。故该空填Flying。 ⑤考查名词。turn sth. into reality 把某事变成现实。故该空填reality。 ⑥考查定语从句关系词。句意：AirCar是允许合法在公路上开的车，它三分钟内可以转化成飞机。指代先行词a road-legal car 且在定语从句中作主语，用that/which。故该空填that/which。 ⑦考查介词。句意：AirCar首席执行官Stefan Klein第一次试飞飞车并安全着陆。on its test flight在第一次试飞。故该空填on。 ⑧考查动词不定式。he pushed one button _____ (turn) the aircraft into a sports car他按了一个按钮,把飞机变成了一辆跑车。此处to turn为动词不定式表目的。故该空填to turn。 ⑨考查冠词。句意：他描述这次飞行很“正常”很“愉快”。该处特指这次飞行，故该空填the。 ⑩考查形容词比较级。much 用于修饰形容词比较级。故该空填more powerful。 四、历史文化类 一、阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式. Chinese Zodiac (生肖) Story     According to the legend the Jade Emperor(ruler of heaven) would like to measure time by twelve different animals. He told animals that he would hold a great race on his birthday, the prize of ①_______ was twelve positions on the Chinese zodiac calendar.     The cat asked the rat to help it sign up, ②_______ the rat forgot its promise, so the cat wasn’t included. Thereafter, the cat and rat were ③_______(enemy).     The ox was ④_______(original) first, but he was so kind that he agreed ⑤_______(carry) the little rat across the river. Just as they were about to reach ⑥_______ other side of the river, the rat jumped off the ox’s back and crossed the finish line ⑦_______(one). So, the rat became the top of the zodiac animals, and the ox had been tricked into the second place.     The 12 animal signs of the Chinese zodiac ⑧_______(divide) into 2 categories by Chinese philosophy—Yin and Yang Theory. Yin is receptive and feminine; while Yang is ⑨_______(act) and masculine (阳性的). It’s believed that odd (奇数的) numbers belong to yang and even numbers belong to yin.     The yin or the yang of the animal is defined based on the number of ⑩________(they) toes. The 12 animals are arranged in an alternating yin-yang sequence. 二、阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式.     Chinese weddings are as much about the happy couple as they are about their respective families. The weddings are ①_____(impress) affairs that focus on blessings of happiness. The date of the wedding ceremony is chosen not ②_____ chance. Many couples carefully choose a favorable date ③_____(bring) success to their marriage. The ceremony can last anywhere from four hours to three days, ④_____ depends on how many Chinese wedding traditions are observed.     The Chinese wedding invitation is ⑤_____(typical) red with a golden Double Happiness symbol, dates for the wedding and names of the bride and bridegroom ⑥_____(include) inside.     While Chinese wedding traditions have modernized and no longer involve a large procession, the journey to pick up the bride ⑦_____(be) still a lively affair. It can involve ⑧_____ use of firecrackers, playing of drums and gongs, or even a lion dance.     Another vital tradition, the Chinese tea ceremony (Jing Cha), ⑨_____(perform) at Chinese weddings to express the new couple's respect, gratitude, and ⑩_____(appreciate) for their parents' love, support, and effort in raising them. A red tea set with a Double Happiness symbol is used for the tea ceremony. 三、阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Several large wooden constructions ①______(date) back to the Neolithic era(新石器时代) were unearthed at the Jijiaocheng ruins site, a prehistoric cultural site located in Changde City, central China's Hunan Province. First discovered in 1978，the site used ②______(be) a city from the Qujialing culture period (3300 BC-2600 BC) —a Neolithic civilization, ③______ had roots in the middle and upper reaches of the Yangtze River primarily ④______(find) in today's Hunan and Hubei provinces. Researchers ⑤______(conduct) three excavations(挖掘) at the southwestern part of the city wall since 2020. More than 30 housing sites were discovered at the 721-square-meter area, ⑥______ a number of wooden architectural relics unearthed that were built 4,800 years ago. Researchers think they are the most complete and ⑦______(early) wooden structure building foundation in China. Besides, remains of rice husks (外壳) were also found at the site, covering ⑧______ area of 80 square meters. Researchers believe ⑨______(strong) the new findings will enrich the architectural history of prehistoric China. "The ⑩______(discover) helps us understand the overall architectural style of the Yangtze River Basin," said Zhao Hui, a professor at Peking University School of Archaeology and Museology. 四、阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式. People say that the real culture of Beijing exists ①______ the culture of hutong and siheyuan. The hutongs ②______ (locate) in Beijing are formed by lanes of siheyuan, which is a type of residence in ③______ houses are purposely built to form squares or rectangles. In the mid 20th century, several hutongs in Beijing were torn down to pave the way for the ④______ (develop) of the city. However, since then, thanks to efforts designed to safeguard this ⑤______ (significance) aspect of the Chinese architectural culture, many hutongs ⑥______ (preserve). Because of the interlacement(交织)of the lanes, every house is connected to the other, making ⑦______ easy for local people to keep in touch with their neighbors. ⑧______, once one enters any of them, one can feel the deep and warm relationships among people, which is rarely found in this modern world. Gossiping in these lanes ⑨______ (be)a common scene as it is the main way for people ⑩______ (strong)their relationship. Where there is such a lane, there is a story. 五、阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Students in first and second grade should have no written exams while students in other grades at primary schools should only have one final exam every semester, ①_____Ministry of Education said on Monday. In a notice aimed at reducing the excessive academic workload of primary and middle school students, the ministry said middle schools will be allowed ②_____(organize) one test in the middle of the semester and one at the end. Some schools ③_____(give) too many tests that are too difficult. As a result, students have to frequently study hard, ④_____(lead) to an exam-oriented education and a heavy academic burden, the ministry said, adding that the practice has harmed ⑤_____(student) psychological and physical health and must be rectified. Local education ⑥_____(authority) should not organize regional or interscholastic exams, and schools and classes should not organize weekly or monthly tests, the notice said. In addition, schools should ⑦_____(strict) regulate the content of their final exams and make sure the difficulty does not go beyond the national syllabus (教学大纲). The exam questions should focus on basic knowledge and skills, ⑧_____ the number of questions focusing on rote (死记硬背的) learning should ⑨_____(reduce), the notice said. Moreover, the exam results should be divided ⑩_____ four or five grades, without giving specific scores, the notice added. 六、阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当单词或括号内单词的正确形式。     In 1863, the first underground passenger railway in the world opened in London. It ran for just under seven kilometers and allowed people to avoid terrible ①_______ (crowd) on the roads above as they travelled to and ②_______ work. It took three years to complete and was built using an interesting method. This included digging up the road, ③_______ (lay) the track and then building a strong roof over ④_______ top. When all those had been done, the road surface was replaced.     Steam engines ⑤_______ (use) to pull the carriages and it must have been ⑥_______ (fair) unpleasant for the passengers, with all the smoke and noise. However, the railway quickly proved to be a great success and within six months, more than 25,000 people were using ⑦_______ every day.     Later, engineers ⑧_______ (manage) to construct railways in a system of deep tunnels (隧道) , which became known as the Tube. This development was only possible with the ⑨_______ (introduce) of electric-powered engines and lifts. The Central London Railway was one of the most ⑩_______ (success) of these new lines, and was opened in 1900. It had white-painted tunnels and bright red carriages, and proved extremely popular with the public. 七、阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。​     The colorful clothes we wear today are made by machines. But what did ancient people do if they wanted to wear ①_______(some) colorful? Tie-dye(扎染) was a way to do this.     More than 1 000 years ago, the Bai people in Yunan used tie-dye to dye their clothes. Then this skill became so popular ②_______ people gave tie-dye clothes to the emperor as gifts.     To tie-dye, you need to first use tools ③_______ (tie), sew, or clip(夹住)your cloth. Then the folded cloth ④_______ (put)in dye. The Bai people usually make blue dye from ⑤_______ plant.     As the cloth is folded, some parts become dark blue, while other parts have a ⑥_______ (light) color. When you unfold the cloth, you will see beautiful patterns.     ⑦_______ the 1960s,tie-dye became a fashion trend in the US. People tie-dyed T-shirts and jeans in ⑧_______ (imagine)ways. Many children in the US still learn tie-dye in their art ⑨_______ (class).     At a recent famous show, an Italian designer surprised people with the tie-dye dresses. “Tie-dye is like an experiment. People cannot imagine the patterns of the cloth if they don’t see them. It’s a surprise,” the designer said. There is no doubt that the tie-dye trend has never really ⑩_______ (go)away. 八、阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1 个适当单词或括号内单词的正确形式。     As the world sees more and more extreme weather patterns, it is becoming increasingly difficult to ignore the effects of climate change. It is now ①_______ common topic of discussion and has even found its way into the books we read. Because of this, a genre(类型) ②_______ (call) climate fiction, or cli-fi, has found new life.     The term “cli-fi” ③_______ (use) for the first time in 2007 by US climate activist and writer Dan Bloom. He wanted to make “climate fiction” more ④_______ (appeal). According to Bloom, the term really gained ⑤_______ (popular) when Canadian writer Margaret Atwood used it in a tweet, ⑥_______ (introduce) it to her half-a-million followers. ​     Just ⑦_______ the name suggests, climate fiction refers to stories with the central theme of climate change or global warming. These kinds of books can help us imagine ⑧_______ the world might be like in the future because of major climate change events.     The genre is welcome among college students because it usually looks at topics that ⑨_______ (be) relevant to what is really happening today. Cli-fi has also helped to inspire students to pursue science majors, with some universities even offering courses ⑩_______ (special) focusing on climate fiction. 九、阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。     Bing Dwen Dwen, ①_______ cute mascot of the Beijing 2022 Winter  Olympics,  has been  selling like hotcakes. Why is the ice-glazed panda so popular? What are the ②_______ (innovation) ideas behind its design? Professor Cao Xue, ③_______ is in charge of the Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics mascot design team, told the CMG the story.     Cao Xue ④_______ (clear) remembers the exciting day of September 17, 2019, when the Organizing Committee of the Winter Olympic Games officially announced the mascot ⑤_______ (design) by his team as that of the Beijing Winter Olympic Games. ⑥_______ discussion by many scholars, the mascot got a new name — “Bing Dwen Dwen”. During that time, there ⑦_______ (be) almost no holidays, and they ended up ⑧_______ (complete) over 10,000 manuscripts.  In the  end, Bing Dwen Dwen, based on a panda, ⑨_______ (select) from nearly 6,000 entries from 35 countries and regions.     Bing Dwen Dwen captures attention with its full-body “shell” made out of ice. Cao said the ​⑩_______ (inspire)  came  from  traditional  Chinese  snack  “ice-sugar  gourd,”  also  known  as tanghulu, while the shell also resembles a space suit. 十、阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式.     The Song Dynasty was an exciting period in Chinese history. At the height of ①_____(it) power, the country's population doubled. The fast growing economy and strong ②_____ the rulers helped the development of technology and the expansion of knowledge. During this period, a huge number of technological innovations emerged. Many of them had significant practical ③_____(apply).     One particular invention from this period made a mark on the world: moveable-type printing(活字印刷)—that is, individual blocks that could each print a single character and then ④_____(use) again. This technology finally emerged in Europe several centuries later. The Chinese language uses a huge number of characters, ⑤_____ most European languages use individual letters. Printing texts made up of individual letters ⑥_____(require) fewer blocks. This invention produced an enormous change in ⑦_____(write) communication in Europe and made it easier for a ⑧_____(grow) number of people to learn to read.     The Chinese were also the first to invent the compass, ⑨_____ changed how sailors navigated the seas. Together with star charts(星图)—another Chinese invention—and ​maps, the compass made sea travel much ⑩_____(safe). 答案以及解析 一、 答案：①which②but③enemies④originally⑤to carry⑥the⑦first⑧are divided⑨active⑩their 解析：①考查定语从句。句意:他告诉动物们,他将在他的生日那天举行一场盛大的赛跑,比赛的奖品是中国十二生肖的十二个位置。此处为“介词+关系代词”引导的非限制性定语从句修饰先行词race,作介词的宾语,指物,故用关系代词which。故填which。 ②考查连词。句意:猫让老鼠帮它报名,但是老鼠忘记了它的承诺,所以猫没有参加。结合前后文语境可知为转折关系,应用表示转折的连词but。故填but。 ③考查名词的数。句意:从此,猫和老鼠成了敌人。enemy为可数名词,根据上文the cat and rat可知用复数形式。故填enemies。 ④考查副词。句意:牛本来是第一个过河的,但是他很善良,所以同意带着小老鼠过河。修饰后文序数词first应用副词originally,故填originally。 ⑤考查非谓语动词。句意:牛本来是第一个过河的,但是他很善良,所以同意带着小老鼠过河。结合句意表示“同意做某事”可知短语为agree to do sth。故填to carry。 ⑥考查冠词。句意:就在他们快要到达河对岸的时候,老鼠从牛背上跳了下来,第一个越过了终点线。此处.特指两边中的另一边,应用the other。故填the。 ⑦考查序数词。句意:就在他们快要到达河对岸的时候,老鼠从牛背上跳了下来,第一个越过了终点线。表示“第一”应用数词first。故填first。 ⑧考查时态和语态。句意:中国的十二生肖被中国哲学分为阴阳两类。表示“被分为......”,短语为be divided into,陈述客观事实应用一般现在时 ,主语为The 12 animal signs of the Chinese zodiac,是复数。故填are divided。 ⑨考查形容词。句意:阴善于接纳,阴柔;而阳则活跃,阳刚。作表语,表示“活跃”应用形容词active。 故填active。 ⑩考查代词。句意:动物的阴或阳是根据它们脚趾的数量来定义的。修饰名词toes应用形容词性物主代词their.故填their。 二、 答案：①impressive ②by ③to bring ④which ⑤typically ⑥included ⑦is ⑧the ⑨is performed ⑩appreciation 解析：①考查词性转换。句意为: 婚礼是令人印象深刻的事情, 它们的焦点是幸福的祝福。此处修饰名词affairs, 应用形容词, 故填impressive。 ②考查介词。句意为: 结婚典礼的日期不是偶然选定的。by chance意为"偶然", 为固定短语, 故填by。 ③考查非谓语动词。句意为: 许多夫妻会谨慎地选择一个适宜的日子以给他们的婚姻带来成功。此处表目的, 应用动词不定式作目的状语, 故填to bring。 ④考查定语从句。句意为: 典礼可能持续4个小时到3天不等, 这取决于要遵守多少中国婚礼传统。分析句子结构可知, 此处引导非限制性定语从句, 先行词为前面一整件事, 设空处在从句中作主语, 故填which。 ⑤考查词性转换。句意为: 中国的婚礼请柬通常是红色的, 上面有一个金色的双喜标志, 里面包括婚礼的日期和新郎新娘的名字。设空处修饰动词is, 应用副词形式, 故填typically。 ⑥考查非谓语动词。句意见上一题解析。分析句子结构可知, 此处应用非谓语动词, 逻辑主语dates for...and names of...与include之间为被动关系, 故填included。 ⑦考查动词的时态和主谓一致。句意为: 虽然中国的婚礼传统已经现代化, 不再需要大型的婚礼队伍, 但接新娘的旅程仍然是一件热闹的事情。此处描述中国婚礼的特点, 应用一般现在时, 主语为the journey, 谓语动词应用单数形式, 故填is。 ⑧考查冠词。句意为: 接亲可以使用鞭炮, 敲锣打鼓, 甚至是舞狮。此处表示"鞭炮的使用", 应为特指, 故填the。 ⑨考查动词的时态和语态及主谓一致。句意为: 另一个在婚礼上进行的重要传统是中国的敬茶仪式, 它用来表达新婚夫妇对父母的爱、支持和养育他们的尊重和感激之情。本句陈述事实, 应用一般现在时, 句中缺少谓语动词, 主语tradition与perform之间为被动关系, 故填is performed。 ⑩考查词性转换。句意见上一题解析。此处与respect, gratitude并列, 应用名词, 故填appreciation。 三、 答案：①dating②to be③which④found⑤have conducted⑥with⑦earliest⑧an⑨strongly⑩discovery 解析：①考查非谓语动词。句意：在中国中部湖南省常德市的一个史前文化遗址—鸡交城遗址出土了几座可以追溯到新石器时代的大型木结构建筑。分析句子结构，此处处作后置定语，修饰前面名词constructions，构成主动关系，用现在分词形式。故填dating。 ②考查动词不定式。句意：该遗址首次发现于1978年，曾是屈家岭文化时期（公元前3300-2600年）的一个城市，这是一个新石器时代的文明，起源于长江中上游，主要发现于今天的湖南和湖北省。used to do过去常常做某事，此处为不定式to，后接动词原形，固定搭配。故填to be。 ③考查非限制性定语从句。句意：该遗址首次发现于1978年，曾是屈家岭文化时期（公元前3300-2600年）的一个城市，这是一个新石器时代的文明，起源于长江中上游，主要发现于今天的湖南和湖北省。分析句子结构，此句为非限制性定语从句。先行词Neolithic civilization在从句作主语，用关系代词which引导。故填which。 ④考查非谓语动词。句意：该遗址首次发现于1978年，曾是屈家岭文化时期（公元前3300-2600年）的一个城市，这是一个新石器时代的文明，起源于长江中上游，主要发现于今天的湖南和湖北省。分析句子结构，此处作谓语动词，主语the site构成被动关系，用过去分词形式。故填found。 ⑤考查动词时态。句意：自2020年以来，研究人员已经在城墙西南部分进行了三次挖掘。根据since 2020，可知主句谓语动词用现在完成时，与前面名词Researchers保持一致，have conducted符合题意。故填have conducted。 ⑥考查介词。句意：在这片721平方米的土地上发现了30多处房屋遗址，出土了一些建于4800年前的木质建筑遗迹。分析句子结构，a number of wooden architectural relics unearthed不是完整的句子，用with复合结构，表达“出土了一些木质建筑遗迹”，符合题意。故填with。 ⑦考查形容词最高级。句意：研究人员认为它们是中国最完整和最早的木结构建筑基础。根据前面the most complete，可知此处与其构成并列关系，用形容词最高级形式。故填earliest。 ⑧考查冠词。句意：此外，稻壳的残骸在现场也发现了这些建筑，占地面积为80平方米。cover an area of...占地面积为……固定搭配。故填an。 ⑨考查副词。句意：研究人员坚信，新发现将丰富史前中国的建筑史。分析句子结构，此处修饰前面动词believe用副词修饰，strongly符合题意。故填strongly。 ⑩考查名词。句意：这一发现有助于我们了解长江流域的整体建筑风格，北京大学考古博物馆学院教授赵辉说。分析句子结构，此处作主语，用名词，discovery发现，符合题意。故填discovery。 四、 答案：①in②located③which④development⑤significant⑥have been preserved⑦it⑧Therefore⑨is⑩to strengthen 解析：①考查介词。短语动词exist in意为"在于"，故填in。 ②考查形容词。在句中作hutongs的后置定语，故填 located。 ③考查关系词。先行词为residence。且介词提前，故填which。 ④考查名词。根据空前的the,填development。 ⑤考查形容词。根据空后的aspect可知，缺定语，故填significant。 ⑥考查谓语。根据句中状语since then可知，用完成时,且主谓之间为被动，故填have been preserved。 ⑦考查代词。it在句中作形式宾语。故填it。 ⑧考查副词。根据前后的逻辑关系，填therefore。 ⑨考查主谓一致。动名词短语作主语，用单数。故填is。 ⑩考查不定式的复合结构表目的。故填to strengthen。 五、 答案：①the②to organize③have given/give④leading⑤students'⑥authorities⑦strictly⑧and/while⑨be reduced⑩into 解析：①考查冠词。句意：教育部周一表示，小学一、二年级学生不应考笔试，小学其他年级学生每学期只应考一次期末考试。由普通名词构成的专有名词需加定冠词，在此处为"教育部" (the Ministry of Education)，故填the。 ②考查非谓语动词。句意：教育部在一份旨在减轻中小学生过重学习负担的新通知中表示，中学可以在学期中和期末分别组织一次考试。结合句意表示"被允许做某事"可知短语为be allowed to do sth.。故填to organize。 ③考查时态。句意：有些学校已经组织了太多的考试，太难了。这里谈到的是现在的情况，考试太多、太难，需要改革。强调现在的结果用现在完成时，也可以看作陈述现在的情况，用一般现在时。故填have given/give。 ④考查现在分词作状语。句意：结果，学生不得不高强度学习，导致了应试教育和沉重的学习负担。此处用现在分词形式作结果状语，前面是行为，后面是促成的结果（应试教育），故填leading。 ⑤考查名词及其所有格。句意：同时，这种做法损害了学生的身心健康，必须加以纠正。分析句意，这种做法损害的是万千学生的身心健康，应用可数名词student（学生）的复数形式，又由于语境是"学生的"，使用复数名词所有格。故填students'。 ⑥考查名词。句意：地方教育主管部门不得组织地区性或校际考试。authority（行政管理机构，官方，当局）是可数名词，且前面没有冠词，应用复数，表示各地的教育行政部门，故填authorities。 ⑦考查副词。句意：此外，学校应该严格规定期末考试的内容，确保难度不超过国家教学大纲。修饰动词regulate应用副词strictly， 作状语。 故填strictly。 ⑧考查连词。句意：考试题目要集中在基础知识和技能上，减少死记硬背的题目数量。结合语境，前后文为并列或对照关系，应用连词and或while。故填and/while。 ⑨考查被动语态。句意：考试题目要集中在基础知识和技能上，减少死记硬背的题目数量。分析句子结构可知，主语questions与谓语动词reduce之间是逻辑上被动关系，应用被动语态，且情态动词should后接动词原形，故填be reduced。 ⑩考查动词与介词的固定搭配。句意：而且，考试成绩不需要给出具体的分数，应该分为4~5个等级。固定短语divide...into...（把……分为……)的被动形式是be divided into(……被分为……)，故填into。 六、 答案：crowds; from; laying; the; were used; fairly; it; managed; introduction; successful 解析： ①考查名词的单复数。根据空前面的形容词terrible可知此处填名词,crowd表示"人群",是可数名词,前面没有不定冠词a,所以用复数形式。 ②考查介词。to and from往返,来回,来来往往。to and from work上下班。 ③考查非谓语动词。laying和句中的digging up, building并列。 ④考查冠词。top 是名词,前面要用冠词,此处特指在挖的路的上面,所以用定冠词the。 ⑤考查时态和语态。此处讲的是过去的事情,主语Steam engines和use之间是被动关系,所以用一般过去时的被动语态。 ⑥考查词性转化。此处需要用副词来修饰形容词unpleasant。 ⑦考查代词。用it指代前句中的railway。 ⑧考查时态。此处讲的是过去的事情,所以用一般过去时,主语engineers和manage之间是主动关系,故填managed。 ⑨考查词性转化。根据空前面的with和定冠词the可知此处需要填名词。with the introduction of表示"随……的引进"。 ⑩考查词性转化。句意:伦敦中央地铁是这些新地铁线中最成功的线路之一。根据句意以及空格前的the most可知,此处是the most+多音节形容词构成最高级,故填successful。 七、 答案：1. something2. that3. to tie4. is put5. a6. lighter7. In8. imaginative9. classes10. gone 解析： 1． something考查不定代词(词形转换)。 2． that考查固定搭配(so．．．that句型)。 3． to tie考查非谓语动词(不定式作目的状语)。 4． is put考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。 5．  a  考查冠词。 6． lighter考查形容词地比较级形式。 7． In 考查介词用法(固定搭配)。 8． imaginative考查词性转换(动词转换成名词)。 9． classes考查名词复数。 10．gone考查动词的现在完成时态。 八、 答案：1. a2. called3. was used4. appealing5. popularity6. introducing7. as8. what9. are10. specially 解析： 这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了气候小说这一文学形式。 [小题1]考查冠词。句意:它现在是一个常见的讨论话题,甚至在我们读的书中都有发现。topic为可数名词此处表示泛指,且common发音以辅音音素开头,需用不定冠词a修饰。故填a. [小题2]考查非谓语动词。句意:由于他的作品,一种被称为气候小说或纪实小说的体裁获得了新生。 分析句子结构可知,已有谓语动词has found,空处需填非谓语动词作后置定语,genre和call为逻辑动宾关系, 需用过去分词形式。故called [小题3]考查动词时态语态。句意: 2007年,美国气候活动人士兼作家丹布鲁姆首次使用了“气候小说”一词。 根据时间状语"in 2007”可知,此处为一般过去时,主语The term cli - fi和use为被动关系, 需用被动语态,主语为单数名词,be动词用was. 故填was used。 [小题4]考查形容词。句意:他想让“气候小说”更有吸引力。“make+宾语+宾语补足语“为固定用法,空处需填形容词作宾语补足语。故境appealing。 [小题5]考查名词。句意:据布鲁姆说,这个词真正流行起来是在加拿大作家玛格丽特阿特伍德在一条推特上使用了这个词,并把它介绍给了她的50万朵花。Gained后面需填名词作宾语, popular it意为“流行",是不可数名词。故填popularity. [小题6]考查非谓语动词。句意同上。分析句子结构可知,已有谓语动词used,空处需填非谓语动词作状语,Canadian writer Margaret Atwood和introduce为逻辑主谓关系,需用现在分词形式。故填introducing. [小题7]考查连词。句意:顾名思义,气候小说是指以气候变化或全球变暖为主题的小说。just as为连词,意为“正如引导方式状语从句。故填as。 [小题8]考查宾语从句。句意:这类书籍可以帮助我们想象,由于重大的气候变化事件,未来的世界会是什么样子。空处引导宾语从句,从句缺少表语,需用连接代词what引导。故填what。 [小题9]考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意:这类题材在大学生中很受欢迎,因为它通常着眼于与当今真实发生的事情相关的话题。that引导的定语从句缺少谓语动词,此处陈述客观事实,使用一般现在时,主语that, 指代topics, 谓语动词使用复数形式。故填are. [小题10]考查副词。句意:气候小说也有助于激励学生选择理工科专业,一些大学甚至开设了专门针对气候小说的课程。修饰动词短语focusing on需用副词作状语。故填specially. 九、 答案：1. the2. innovative3. who4. clearly5. designed6. After7. were8. completing9. was selected10. inspiration 解析： ①考查冠词。句意:2022年北京冬奥会可爱的吉祥物"冰墩墩"近日热销。根据后文"of the Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics"可知,此处特指"2022年北京冬奥会的吉祥物",需用定冠词the修饰。故填the。 ②考查形容词。句意:其设计背后的创新理念是什么?修饰名词ideas应填形容词innovative作定语。故填innovative。 ③考查定语从句关系词。句意:北京2022年冬奥会吉祥物设计团队负责人曹雪教授向CMG讲述了这个故事。分析可知,空处引导非限制性定语从句,先行词为Professor Cao Xue,指人,在定语从句中作主语,故需用关系代词who引导。故填who。 ④考查副词。句意:曹雪清楚地记得2019年9月17日那激动人心的一天,那一天,奥组委正式宣布由他的团队设计的吉祥物为北京冬季奥运会吉祥物。分析可知,修饰动词remembers需用副词作状语。故填clearly。 ⑤考查过去分词。句意:曹雪清楚地记得2019年9月17日那激动人心的一天,那一天,奥组委正式宣布由他的团队设计的吉祥物为北京冬季奥运会吉祥物。分析句子结构可知,从句已有谓语announced,空处需填非谓语动词作后置定语,the mascot和design为逻辑上的动宾关系,故需用过去分词形式作定语。故填designed。 ⑥考查介词。句意:经过许多学者的讨论,吉祥物有了一个新名字"冰墩墩"。表示"在……之后"应用介词after,所填词位于句首,首字母需大写。故填After。 ⑦考查时态及主谓一致。句意:在那段时间里,几乎没有假期,他们最终完成了一万多份手稿。根据语境及后文"ended up"可知,此处应使用一般过去时,根据there be句型的就近原则及holidays可知,此处应使用复数形式。故填were。 ⑧考查动名词。句意:在那段时间里,几乎没有假期,他们最终完成了一万多份手稿。end up doing sth.为固定短语,意为"以做某事结束"。故填completing。 ⑨考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意:最终,以熊猫为原型的冰墩墩从来自35个国家和地区的近6000个参赛作品中脱颖而出。分析可知,此处缺乏谓语,句子是在陈述过去发生的事情,应使用一般过去时,主语Bing Dwen Dwen和select为被动关系,故需用一般过去时的被动语态,主语Bing Dwen Dwen为单数,be动词应用was。故填was selected。 ⑩考查不可数名词。句意:曹雪表示,这一设计灵感来自中国传统小吃"冰糖葫芦",而外壳也类似于宇航服。分析可知,空处需填名词inspiration作主语,inspiration在这里意为"灵感",为抽象名词,不可数。故填inspiration。 十、 答案：①its ②from ③application(s) ④be used ⑤while/but ⑥requires ⑦written ⑧growing ⑨which ⑩safer 解析：①考查代词。根据语境可知, 此处表示"在宋朝的国力鼎盛时期", 故用形容词性物主代词its。 ②考查介词。根据语境可知, 此处表示"来自统治者的大力支持", 故填from, 表示"来自"。 ③考查名词。空前有形容词practical, 故应填apply的名词形式, 表示"应用, 运用"。 ④考查动词的被动语态。根据语境可知, 每个单独的方块能够印一个单字, 然后可以再次被使用, 故填be used。 ⑤考查连词。根据句意可知, 空前说汉语使用大量的文字, 空后说大部分欧洲语言使用单独的字母。故此处前后形成对比或表示转折, 应用while或but。 ⑥考查时态和主谓一致。此句的主语是动名词短语"Printing texts", 且描述的是客观情况, 谓语动词需要用第三人称单数形式requires。 ⑦考查词性转换。分析句子结构并根据语境可知, 空处做定语, 修饰communication, 意为"书面交流", 故应用形容词written(书面的)。 ⑧考查词性转换。空前为a, 空后为名词number, 则空处应用形容词growing, 表示"增长的, 增加的", 做定语修饰number。 ⑨考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知, 空处引导非限制性定语从句, 先行词为the compass, 故填关系代词which。 ⑩考查形容词的比较级。根据语境可知, 此处表示"指南针与另一项中国发明—星图以及地图一起使海上旅行更安全", 所以需填safe的比较级形式safer。 五、社会环境类 一、阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式.     The college entrance examination (CEE) is coming. It was resumed in ①_____ 1970s. It is very ②_____(compete). Anyone ③_____ wants to take the exam always makes ④_____(prepare) for it for a long time. ⑤_____ it comes to CEE, not only ⑥_____ it test the students, but also it tests the parents.     They are more nervous ⑦_____ the kids. Only you insist on ⑧_____(study) hard, you must benefit ⑨_____ the CEE. It is time that you ⑩_____(struggle) for your dream. 二、阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式. The skyscraper(摩天大楼)became the standard design of a modern, global city in the 20th century. So much so that by the end of last century, centers of many big cities around the world began ①______ (look) alike. As we entered the 21st century, many designers began to ask ②______ (they): Is this ③______ we want our cities to look? Must our cities give up their individual identities to become modern? Some ④______ (architect) have responded to these questions by incorporating traditional design elements into their skyscrapers. Others are returning ⑤______ local traditions and, often, local materials. In China, internationally famous architect Wang Shu wants to bring a breath of fresh air to modern design. He is creating designs in which modern concrete and Chinese traditional building practices coexist. Traditional Chinese buildings, ⑥______ (include)homes, often have green spaces on the inside. Wang says that the most important thing for Chinese people is "living in some ⑦______ (peace)place with trees, water, and your family together." He keeps this idea in mind and reuses old materials in his new buildings. Some buildings contain⑧______ (recycle)bricks and tiles from constructions that ⑨______ (build)hundreds of years ago. Wang believes this is what gives ⑩______ building its spirit and makes it feel alive. 三、阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式.     Chinese weddings are as much about the happy couple as they are about their respective families. The weddings are ①_____(impress) affairs that focus on blessings of happiness. The date of the wedding ceremony is chosen not ②_____ chance. Many couples carefully choose a favorable date ③_____(bring) success to their marriage. The ceremony can last anywhere from four hours to three days, ④_____ depends on how many Chinese wedding traditions are observed.     The Chinese wedding invitation is ⑤_____(typical) red with a golden Double Happiness symbol, dates for the wedding and names of the bride and bridegroom ⑥_____(include) inside.     While Chinese wedding traditions have modernized and no longer involve a large procession, the journey to pick up the bride ⑦_____(be) still a lively affair. It can involve ⑧_____ use of firecrackers, playing of drums and gongs, or even a lion dance.     Another vital tradition, the Chinese tea ceremony (Jing Cha), ⑨_____(perform) at Chinese weddings to express the new couple's respect, gratitude, and ⑩_____(appreciate) for their parents' love, support, and effort in raising them. A red tea set with a Double Happiness symbol is used for the tea ceremony. 四、阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Chinese net users have called for a boycott (抵制) of Hennes Mauritz AB ①______ it won't use cotton from Xinjiang. The company arouse widespread anger for ②______（it）previous statement deeply ③______ (concern) about reports of "forced labor" in Northwest China's Xinjiang Uygur autonomous region. Major e-commerce sites such as Alibaba Group's Taobao and JD.com ④______ (pull) products related to retailer H&M since Wednesday evening. Several Chinese celebrities，⑤______(include) actor Huang Xuan, and singer and actress Song Qian, announced around ⑥______ same time on Wednesday that they have terminated contracts with the global clothing brand, and "steadfastly object to" any action aimed at smearing or spreading misinformation about China and its people. The Communist Youth League, the Party's organization for young people, took to Weibo to criticize H&M for "finding fault. ⑦______ Xinjiang cotton". The U. S. and some other Western governments accuse China of sending as many as I million Muslim Uyghurs to internment (拘留) camps and ⑧______(force) them to work. China categorically denies all accusations regarding Xinjiang Uyghurs as "lies". Beijing says it is lifting the region out of ⑨______ (poor) building infrastructure(基础设施) ⑩______(improve) the economy and ensuring children receive education. The government says these efforts help it counter extremism in the region. 五、阅读下面短文，在空格处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 With the rapid spread of western culture, a ①__________ (grow) number of Chinese people prefer western holidays to Chinese traditional ones. When Christmas or Valentine's Day ②__________ (come), youngsters will flood into bars, restaurants, or department stores to celebrate these festivals, but actually they don't know much about Chinese traditional festivals. The reason behind this social phenomenon is obvious: in a society controlled by mass media and consumerism, festivals and holidays from abroad ③__________ (identify) as fashionable and new, while traditional ones are usually something out of date and old. Young people all over the world have regarded western life style，④__________ (especial) the life in Hollywood films，⑤__________ their goal of life. As a consequence, it is no wonder ⑥__________ Chinese young people have much more affection for Christmas. We should think about the influence of such ⑦__________ social phenomenon carefully. It is obvious that the wide spread and recognition of western holidays is ⑧__________ (harm) to our traditional value. If we don't take some ⑨__________ (measure) right now, some day in the future, Chinese cultural heritage may be strange to our grandchildren. It is high time for the government and all people ⑩__________ (take) action to protect our traditional culture. 六、阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1 个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。     Tuesday, February 22, ①_______(know)as one of the most “love” days in China's recent memory, because the number "two" in Chinese is very similar to the word “love” in ②_______(pronounce).     On this special day, many Chinese people decide to get married ③_______(add)meaning to their special day. At about 9 a.m., Jiang Shaoxin and Wang Yi came to ④_______ marriage registration office in Yuzhong District, Chongqing, Southwest China.     The couple got a marriage certificate, ⑤_______(make)a lifelong commitment(承诺) to each other. The two said that on February 22,two days after the closing of the 2022 Winter Olympics in Bei-jing, they reflected ⑥_______(they)own kismet(天命)through a series of surprising coincidences. Jiang and Wang met at a ski club ⑦_______they both practiced snowboarding. Their common inter-est soon turned into love. ⑧_______the Beijing Winter Olympics, they watched the competition together and cheered for their favorite athletes Gu Ailing and Su Yiming.     February 22 is the day with the ⑨_______(many) “two” numbers this year. It even falls on Tuesday, which is called “working day two” in Chinese. Chinese people think that even two ​means auspicious (吉祥) ⑩_______it can refer to a pair or a couple. 七、阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。​     China Post issued a set of special stamps for the Year of the Tiger on Wednesday, ①_______(mark) the 42nd constant year since it issued the first zodiac (生肖) stamps in 1980. Unlike last year, where there was only one stamp, this time there are two, each describing a different scene. The set costs 2.40 yuan.     The first stamp ②_______ (name) “Guoyun Changlong,” which means “national fortune and prosperity”. ③_______ describes a strong tiger staring into the distance, artistically displaying the ④(determine) and ambition of China to develop itself in the new year.     Meanwhile, ⑤_______ stamp “Huyun Jixiang” shows a heartwarming picture where a gentle mother tiger tends to her two baby tigers, extending the best ⑥_______ (wish) for family harmony and happiness to people.     Stamp designer Feng Dazhong says stamp design is not only an artistic creation ⑦_______ bears a part of social responsibility and that as an artist, he is responsible to ⑧_______ (brave) assume this work.     It is known to all ⑨_______ stamps are works of art on paper. It allows the artistic creation of famous artists ⑩_______ (enter) thousands of households in the most convenient way. Through the square inch stage, the light of art can bloom without limit. 八、阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Uploading a picture or video from a scenic spot to sites such as Douyin and Kuaishou ①______ (know) in China as daka, meaning "punching the card". The aim is not to produce a well-crafted video or beautiful photograph, but simply ②______ (show) that you have also been to the places that are popular. The beauty of the attraction is ③______ (important) than the fact that people are flocking there to daka. A subculture has developed of young people ④______ embrace daka as a lifestyle. So-called daka zu-"daka tribes"-can be found wandering Chongqing and other cities, checking ⑤______ at as many hot locations as possible within a single day. Just as shops and restaurants in other countries try to attract customers with decorations that might be a backdrop (背景)for Instagram pictures, ⑥______ in China try to make themselves as daka-friendly as possible: a coffee shop ⑦______ (build)inside a shipping container, for example. The daka craze may have ⑧______ (practice)origins. China's young urban professionals have little vacation time. In their first year at a company, ⑨______ (employ)can expect at most one day of vacation. They are ⑩______(routine)expected to work overtime for no pay. So workers need to make the most of their limited leisure time. Douyin captures the mood with its slogan: "Make every second count." 九、阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 A new study, ①_____(publish) last week, provides evidence of a sharp increase in the number of obese and overweight children and young adults worldwide during just 40 years.     The researchers studied obesity rates among children and young peo$$