Unit 4 Natural Disasters 第1课时单词部分-【回归课本】2025年高中英语导图填空训练

必 修 上 册 · 劝 学 答 案 及 详 解 7 in mind that health should always come first. Staying in shape is not easy. I have tried various methods, such as going on a diet or even taking some weight-loss medicine. However, they have made no difference to me. Therefore, I asked my coach to help me make a fitness plan and I began to work out at a gym and changed my eating habits. I felt tired and bored at the beginning, but I soon benefited from them. It turned out that working out regularly and having a balanced diet not only made me keep healthy but also helped me stay in shape. I think fitness should be an important part of our daily life. So just sweat our way to good health! Unit 4 Natural Disasters 第一课时  单词部分 ♂二 单词练习 ◎ / （一） 单句填空。 1. in ruins 2. damage 3. survived 4. breathing 5. expected 6. to deliver 7. struck 8. were damaged 9. effects 10. efforts ◎ / （二） 教材语篇填空。 1. but 2. was destroyed 3. covered 4. useless 5. instead 6. shock 7. electricity 8. were trapped 9. survivors 10. to breathe 第二课时  语法部分 ♂二 语法练习 ◎ / （一） 单句语法填空。 【答案】 1. who 2. which 3. that / which 4. that 5. which / that 6. whose 7. that / which 8. who / that 9. that / which 10. who / that 11. who / that 【解析】 1. 考查定语从句关系词。 句意：在 1100 千米的旅行中，8 岁时在一场车祸中失明 的男子曹晟康穿越了三个省的 40 个市和县。从句为非 限制性定语从句，从句部分缺少主语，用关系代词；先 行词是 Cao Shengkang，指人，故填 who。 2. 考查定语从句关系词。 句意：那包括杯子、瓶子和袋子，其中大多数只能使用 一次。此处是“介词＋关系代词”引导非限制性定语从句， 先行词是“cups，bottles，and bags”，指物，故填 which。 3. 考查定语从句关系词。 句意：体重指数是一种国际公认的测量工具，它可以表 明一个人是否维持在健康的体重。分析从句成分，从 句部分缺少主语，用关系代词；先行词是 measurement tool，指物，故填 that / which。 4. 考查定语从句关系词。 句意：当你睡觉时，你的大脑会整理白天发生的一切， 试图将新的经历与旧的记忆联系起来。分析从句成分， 从句部分缺少主语，用关系代词，且先行词是不定代词 everything，故填 that。 5. 考查定语从句关系词。 句意：例如，汉斯·斯隆爵士收集的 8 万件物品成了 1759 年开馆的大英博物馆的主要藏品。分析从句成分， 从句部分缺少主语，用关系代词；先行词是 the British Museum，指物，故填 which / that。 6. 考查定语从句关系词。 句意：中国古代有一位画家，他的画几乎栩栩如生。这 位画家的名声使他感到骄傲。定语从句的先行词是 an artist，关系词在从句中作定语，修饰后面的 paintings， 表示画家的画，故填 whose。 7. 考查定语从句关系词。 句意：在夹克的边缘有一块布，它在黑暗中发出光。分 析从句成分，从句部分缺少主语，用关系代词；先行词 是 a piece of cloth，指物，故填 that / which。 8. 考查定语从句关系词。 句意：从大学中受益最多的学生是那些完全投入到学 术生活中的学生。分析从句成分，从句部分缺少主语， 用关系代词；先行词是 those，这里指的是 The students （那些学生），故填 who / that。 9. 考查定语从句关系词。 句意：该评论的两位作者还在 2014 年发表了一项研究， 该研究表明，每天跑步 5 到 10 分钟就能降低患心脏病 和各种原因导致的过早死亡的风险。分析从句成分，从 句部分缺少主语，用关系代词；先行词是 a study，指物， 故填 that / which。 10. 考查定语从句关系词。 句意：一旦许多来到中国的西方人意识到在外面吃饭 是多么便宜时，他们做饭的次数就会比在他们自己的国 家少得多。分析从句成分，从句部分缺少主语，用关系 代词；先行词是 westerners，指人，故填 who / that。 回 归 课 本 · 高 中 英 语 48 Unit 4  Natural Disasters 第一课时  单词部分 ♂一 主题词汇 Natural Disasters 自然灾害 n. 灾害；灾难 disaster relief 灾害救援 the disaster / disaster-hit area 灾区 /dɪˈzɑːstə(r)/ n. 火山 复数：volcanoes / volcanos volcanic adj. 火山的；火山产生的 /vɒlˈkeɪnəʊ/ vi. & vt. （火山）爆发；（岩浆、烟等）喷出 ≈ burst out eruption n. 爆发；喷发 /ɪˈrʌpt/ n. 旱灾；久旱 /draʊt/ n.（尤指西大西洋的）飓风 /ˈhʌrɪkən/ n. 台风 /taɪˈfuːn/ n. ⇔ v. n. 洪水；大量 vt. 使灌满水；淹没 vi. 淹没；大量涌入 flooding n. 洪水泛滥 the flood-hit area 洪水泛滥地区 /flʌd/ vi. & vt. （使）滑行；滑动 过去式和过去分词：slid, slid landslide n. （山地或悬崖的）崩塌；滑坡 ≈ landfall snowslide n. 雪崩 /slaɪd/ U nit 4 必 修 第 一 册 N atural D isasters 49 Natural Disasters 自然灾害 火山喷发 /vɒlˈkænɪk ɪˈrʌpʃn/ n. ⇔ v. n. 海浪；波浪 vi. & vt. 挥手；招手 the tsunami wave 海啸波 /weɪv/ The Impact of Natural Disasters 自然灾害的影响 vt. 影响；（疾病）侵袭；深深打动 /əˈfekt/ n. 影响；结果；效果 have (no) effect on ... 对……（没）有影响 possible effects of ... ……可能造成的影响 cause and effect 因果 【辨】effect / affect 注意两者词性完全不同，effect 是名词，affect 只能作动 词，考生容易在 have (no) effect on ... 等常用搭配中出错。 /ɪˈfekt/ vt. 摧毁；毁灭 ≈ damage completely destroy 彻底摧毁 【辨】damage / destroy 两者作动词时都可以表示对物的“破坏”，但 damage 一般指部分性损坏，而 destroy 的破坏性更强，常指使 其无法再次使用的彻底性破坏。 /dɪˈstrɔɪ/ v. ⇔ n. vt. 损害；破坏 n. 损坏（≈ destruction）；损失（≈ loss） cause a lot of / great / serious damage 造成严重的破坏 damaged adj. 被破坏的；被损坏的 /ˈdæmɪdʒ/ n. ⇔ v. n. & vt. 破坏；毁坏 in ruins 严重受损；破败不堪 leave ... in ruins 使……破败不堪 turn ... into ruins 使……变成废墟 /ˈruːɪn/ 回 归 课 本 · 高 中 英 语 50 The Impact of Natural Disasters 自然灾害的影响 vt. 遭受；蒙受 vi. （因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等）受苦 suffer from 遭受；受……之苦 suffer for it 吃苦头 suffer from injuries 受伤 suffer from illnesses 患病 /ˈsʌfə/ n. ⇔ v. n. 震惊；令人震惊的事；休克 vt. （使）震惊 in shock 震惊；吃惊 /ʃɒk/ vi. 生存；存活 vt. 幸存；艰难度过 survive on 靠……维持生活 survivor n. 幸存者 /səˈvaɪv/ v. ⇔ n. vi. & vt. 侵袭；突击；击打 n. 罢工；罢课；袭击 过去式和过去分词：struck, struck / stricken v. ⇔ n. vt. & vi. 碰撞；撞击 n. 撞车；碰撞 crash into sth. 撞到某物 /straɪk/ /kræʃ/ v. ⇔ n. vt. 使落入险境；使陷入圈套 n. 险境；陷阱 其他形式：trapping, trapped fall into the trap of doing sth. 掉进做某事的陷阱 /træp/ vt. & vi. 打扫；清扫 过去式和过去分词：swept, swept sweep away 消灭；彻底消除 /swiːp/ vi. & vt. 呼吸 breathe in / out 吸气 / 呼气 / briːð/ n. 死；死亡 the number of deaths 死亡人数 /deθ/ vt. 埋葬；安葬 bury the dead 埋葬死者 /ˈberi/ n. 电；电能 ≈ power /ɪˌlekˈtrɪsəti/ U nit 4 必 修 第 一 册 N atural D isasters 51 The Impact of Natural Disasters 自然灾害的影响 n. 电力供应；能量；力量；控制力 power lines 电线 powerful adj. 强有力的；力量大的 /ˈpaʊə(r)/ n. 管子；管道 a water pipe 一根水管 /paɪp/ n. 砖；砖块 /brɪk/ n. 金属 /ˈmetl/ Disaster Relief Work 灾害救援工作 n. ⇔ v. n. & vt. 营救；救援 a rescue team 一支救援队 rescue workers 救援人员 the rescue mission 救援任务 rescue sb. / sth. from ... 从……中营救某人 / 物 a rescue / sniffer dog 一只搜救犬 /ˈreskjuː/ n. ⇔ v. n. 援助；帮助；救援物资 vi. & vt. ( formal ) 帮助；援助 an aid programme 一个援助计划 give aid to sb. 向某人提供援助 first aid 急救 visual aid 视觉辅助工具 /eɪd/ n. 努力；艰难的尝试；尽力 tireless efforts 不懈的努力 make an effort 做出努力 make every effort to do sth. 竭尽全力做某事 /ˈefət/ n. 突发事件；紧急情况 call an emergency number 拨打紧急电话 in an emergency 在紧急情况下 /iˈmɜːdʒənsi/ n. 成套工具；成套设备 an emergency kit 一个应急包 first aid kit 急救箱 /kɪt/ 回 归 课 本 · 高 中 英 语 52 Disaster Relief Work 灾害救援工作 n. ⇔ v. n. 避难处；居所；庇护 vt. 保护；掩蔽 vi. 躲避（风雨或危险） build / set up / put up a shelter 搭建住处 take shelter from 躲避 seek shelter 找地方躲避 /ˈʃeltə(r)/ n. ⇔ v. n. 供应（量）；补给；[pl.] 补给品 vt. 供应；供给 emergency supplies 应急物资 medical supplies 医疗用品 supply ... with ... 向……提供…… ≈ provide ... with ... in short supply 短缺 /səˈplaɪ/ vt. & vi. 递送；传达 vt. 发表 delivery n. 传送；递送；送货 /dɪˈlɪvə(r)/ 现有（尤指帮助） keep / have ... on hand 随时可用 on hand 露天；在户外in the open air adj. ⇔ v. adj. 镇静的；沉着的 vt. 使平静；使镇静 stay / keep calm 保持冷静 calm down 冷静下来 a calm life 平静的生活 /kɑːm/ n. 智慧；才智 /ˈwɪzdəm/ Write a Summary 写摘要 要点main point n. 总结；概括；概要 in summary 总的来说 /ˈsʌməri/ n. 长；长度 /leŋθ/ n. 上下文；语境；背景 /ˈkɒntekst/ U nit 4 必 修 第 一 册 N atural D isasters 53 ♂二 单词练习 ◎ / （一） 单句填空。 1. In less than one minute, a large city lay (ruin). 2. Eleven kilometres directly below the city, one of the most deadly earthquakes of the 20th century had begun, a quake that even caused (damage) more than 150 kilometres away in Beijing. 3. The CCTV reporter is interviewing a woman whose family (survive) the earthquake. 4. “She’s still (breath)! Come and help me dig her out !” shouted the soldier. 5. The number of deaths is (expect) to grow even higher over the next days. 6. However, dangerous conditions and damaged roads will make it difficult (deliver) food and supplies. 7. The undersea quake (strike) around 7:00 a.m. 8. According to the police, no one was injured in the landslide, but several cars (damage). 9. What are the possible (effect) of the disaster? 10. With strong support from the government and the tireless (effort) of the city’s people, a new Tangshan was built upon the earthquake ruins. ◎ / （二） 教材语篇填空。 shock cover electricity breathe destroy but instead survive useless trap Everywhere survivors looked, there was nothing 1. ruins. Nearly everything in the city 2. . About 75 percent of the city’s factories and buildings, 90 percent of its homes, and all of its hospitals were gone. Bricks 3. the ground like red autumn leaves, but no wind could blow them away. Most bridges had fallen or were not safe to cross. The railway tracks were now 4. pieces of metal. Tens of thousands of cows, hundreds of thousands of pigs, and millions of chickens were dead. Sand now filled the wells 5. of water. People were in 6. — and then, later that afternoon, another big quake shook Tangshan again. Even more buildings fell down. Water, food, and 7. were hard to get. People began to wonder how long the disaster would last. But hope was not lost. Soon after the quakes, the army sent 150,000 soldiers to Tangshan to dig out those who 8. and to bury the dead. More than 10,000 doctors and nurses came to provide medical care. Workers built shelters for 9. whose homes had been destroyed. Hundreds of thousands of people were helped. Water and food were brought into the city by train, truck, and plane. Slowly, the city began 10. again. >> 答案链接 P7 建议用时 15 min，实际用时 min