09 分项突破： 名词性从句和定语从句-2025年高考英语语法填空满分冲刺

专题07 名词性从句和定语从句（解析版） 全国各地历年高考真题全收录 1、 2025年高考真题 1． 2025．1浙江卷 Tanya is also looking beyond special-occasion dresses to less formal clothing, ___63___ she plans to package as capsule wardrobes and offer to travellers,... 2、 2024年高考真题 1． 2024．6新高考1卷 ... to house the plants of the southwestern part of China at the end of a path retracing (追溯) the steps along the Silk Route ____64____ brought the plants from their native habitat in Asia... 2． 2024新高考2卷 Chinese cultural elements commemorating (纪念) Tang Xianzu, ___36___ is known as “the Shakespeare of Asia,” add an international character to Stratford-upon-Avon, William Shakespeare’s hometown. 3． 2024．6全国甲卷 On a cool, starry night in mid-September 1870, four men relaxed before a campfire along the Firehole River in ____43____ is now northwestern Wyoming. 4． 2024．6全国甲卷 Yellowstone was the largest United States national park — 2.2 million acres — until Wrangell-Saint Elias in southern Alaska, _____50_____ became a national monument in 1978, took the honors as a national park in 1980 with 12.3 million acres. 5． 2024．6北京卷 Tinniswood, ___17___ doesn’t smoke and rarely drinks, credited moderation for helping him stay healthy during his long life. 6． 2024．1浙江卷 Of course, shops are not charities — they price goods in the way ____38____ will make them the most money. 7． 2024．1浙江卷 If most of their customers are happy to buy larger quantities, that’s ____39____ they’ll promote. 3、 2023年高考真题 1. 2023新高考全国Ⅱ卷 This is ___42___ they need an English trainer. 2. 2023全国甲卷 ...the form of the fable still has values today, ___43___ Rachel Carson says in “A Fable for Tomorrow” 3. 2023全国甲卷 “There was once a town in the heart of America, ___44___ all life seemed to enjoy peaceful existence with is surroundings,”... 4. 2023全国乙卷 But for all its ancient buildings, Beijing is also a place ____43____ welcomes the fast-paced development of modern life... 5. 2023年2月四省联考 “A school-home is exactly ____40____ it sounds like. 4、 2022年高考真题 1（2022新高考I卷） The GPNP is intended to provide stronger protection for all the species ________ live within the Giant Panda Range and significantly improve the health of the ecosystem in the area. 2（2022全国甲卷） On the 1,100. Kilometer journey, the man Cao Shengkang, _________ lost his eyesight at the age of eight in a car accident, crossed 40 cities and counties in three province. 3（2022年浙江1月） Kim Cobb, a professor at the Georgia Institute of Technology in Atlanta, is one of a small but growing minority of academics __________ are cutting back on their air travel because of climate change. 4．（2022新高考II卷）“I don't know ___________ to thank him.” 5．（2022年浙江1月）Cobb, for her party, started to ask conference organizers who invited her to speak ______ she could do so remotely． 5、 2021年高考真题 1．（2021．6新高考1卷） Going to Mount Huangshan reminds me of the popular Beatle's song "The Long and Winding Road".      1      is so breathtaking about the experience is the out-of-this-world scenes. 2．（2021．3 天津卷）What puzzles Lily's friends is            she always has so many crazy  ideas. A. whether B. why C. what D. when 3．（2021．1 浙江卷 语法填空） BMI is an internationally recognized measurement tool      2      gives an indication of whether someone is a healthy weight. 4．（2021．3 天津卷 单选） At the Chinese art festival, there are different stands            artists demonstrate their skills and teach the visitors. A.where B.which C. that D. when 5．（2021．3 天津卷 单选） William Hastie once suggested that history informs us of past mistakes            we can learn without repeating them. A. from which B. in which C. with whom D. for whom 6．（2021新高考II卷）I decided that if I learned of a company___________ used a lot of plastic, I'd send it an email urging it to cut back. 7．（2021天津卷）In the spring, a season ________ we are learning new rhythms of life，many of us find comfort in the natural world． A. when B. where C. what D. which 8．（2021北京卷）When you sleep, your brain sorts through everything ____12____ happened during the day，trying to link new experiences to old memories. 9．（2021年北京卷）The poor woman wasn't able to give him any information about ________ she lived． 10.（2021年天津卷）It seemed that I had become ________ my parents had wanted me to be. A. when B. where C. what D. whether 6、 2020年高考真题 1． （2020江苏高考真题）It is not a problem __________ we can win the battle; it’s just a matter of time． A. whether B. why C. when D. where 2． （2020天津高考真题）The student completed this experiment to make come true __________ Professor Joseph had said． A. that B. what C. when D. where 3． （2020浙江高考真题）Over thousands of years，they began to depend less on 57 could be hunted or gathered from the wild, and more on animals they had raised and crops they had sown.4. （2020江苏高考真题）Many lessons are now available online, from __________ students can choose for free. A. whose B. which C. when D. whom 5． （2020天津高考真题）Dr． Rowan, __________ secretary resigned two weeks ago, has had to do all his own typing． A. whose B. of whom C. of which D. which 6． （2020新高考Ⅲ卷高考真题）In ancient China lived an artist 61 paintings were almost lifelike. 7．（2020新高考I卷）Because the moon’s body blocks direct radio communication with a probe, China first had to put a satellite in orbit above the moon in a spot __________ it could send signals to the spacecraft and to Earth. 8．（2020年北京卷）Oliver says if you're lucky enough to have someone close to you who enjoys cooking, ask them __________you can join in when it's possible. 7、 2019年高考真题 1．【2019·江苏卷·单项填空】25．Scientists have obtained more evidence ___________ plastic is finding its way into the human body． A. what B. that C. which D. where 2．【2019·新高考I卷·语法填空】While they are rare north of 88°,there is evidence ___61___ they range all the way across the Arctic, and as far south as James Bay in Canada. 3．【2019·北京卷·语法填空】What students do at college seems to matter much more than ___8___ they go. 4．（2019新高考II卷）Now Irene Astbury works from 9am to 5pm daily at the pet shop in Macclesfield，_________she opened with her late husband Les. 5．（2019新高考III卷）They were well trained by their masters ________ had great experience with caring for these animals. 6．（2019浙江卷）On the edge of the jacket, there is a piece of cloth ______ gives off light in the dark． 7．（2019北京卷）The students benefitting most from college are those ______ are totally engaged(参与) in academic life, taking full advantage of the college’s chances and resources(资源)． 2018年高考真题 1．【2018·北京】11． Without his support, we wouldn’t be _________ we are now． A. how B. when C. where D. why2.【2018·北京】15. This is _________ my father has taught me—to always face difficulties and hope for the best. A. how B. which C. that D. what3.【2018·天津】9. The gold medal will be awarded ___________to wins the first place in the bicycle race. A. whomever B. wherever C. whoever D. whatever 4．【2018·江苏】21． By boat is the only way to get here, which is _______ we arrived． A. where B. when C. why D. how 模拟演练 1．Although there seemed only a slim chance the trees could survive,the difficulty did not prevent her from trying. 2．While making friends, we’re supposed to focus on what we have in common and set aside we disagree. 3． urban development and climate change are responsible for pushing animals out of their natural habitats is not necessarily accurate. 4． remains important is that we have an incredible desire to think and create, and that’s the real spirit of invention. 5．It occurred to me I had an important meeting to attend the next day. 6．To my surprise,the small village is no longer it used to be. 7．The most important thing is you should put your heart into it. 8．It remains to be seen the old couple will enjoy their journey. 9． the young man had resigned from the company made us surprised. 10．How we understand things has a lot to do with we feel． 11．An idea came to him he should go to the bookstore to buy some books． 12．1 was in my bed when my daughter called me and told me was happening． 13． you described in the book made children interested． 14．The experiment allowed students to get a taste of it was like to live in outer space． 15．The problem is one less hour of sleep is not equal to an extra hour of achievements. 16．I am wondering the book about western literature can interest my son． 17．What I want to tell you is that it doesn’t interest me you succeed or not． 18．It is reported a new film will be put on in the cinema． 19．It has not been decided will attend the meeting． 20． we will have a picnic depends on the weather． 21．Whether we can solve the problem of environmental pollution depends in large measure on we can use clean energy in a reasonable way or not． 22．She arrived just as we were leaving, but I was not sure this was by accident or by design． 23．I wonder makes this decision and how they come to their conclusion． 24．I like this jacket．I wonder they have it in different sizes． 25． we have achieved during the past 40-plus years of reform and opening-up shows that reform is the key to boosting productivity． 26．We should believe that each of us is able to do something well, and if we work hard, we will succeed． 27． you say must agree with what you do, which is the principle of being a human． 28．We all miss you and are very grateful for you did for us when we were together. 29．The question we should call in a specialist was answered by the family doctor． 30．This devotion and hard work is we see reflected within his photos． 31．Moreover, made Cunningham great was his devotion to photography, and the hours and hours of sheer hard work he put into his work． 32．At the meeting, the new secretary actually managed to take down the director said． 33．I am in favor of the opinion we must make full use of the existing technical equipment． 34．It suddenly hit me I had grown up and I had to look after myself and live independently． 35．Choosing the right bike depends on you want to use it for． 36．Tell me city you need to go to if you want to take part in Mardi Gras. 37．I just doubted I could write all that I wanted to say in the rest of my life． 38． she is still alive is the best news I have heard of． 39．Please identify the words indicate: an order, a request, ability or possibility． 40．I don't doubt my father will come to watch my performance, but I doubt he can come on time. 41．We are moving outside, so you can take you like in this room．It is free． 42． you like or dislike the job, you have to finish it． 43．The small children don’t know is in their stockings． 44．What surprises Lily’s friends is she has so many crazy ideas． 45．The reason his being angry was his students were rude to him. 46．The reason he didn’t pass the driving test was he was too nervous. 47．So, try filling up your time with other work．This is there is a saying that if you want something done, ask a busy person to do it． 48．The general manager approved of the plan they should work out weekly, monthly and yearly budgets. 49．It is necessary we strengthen self-discipline, whether we are lawyers, public servants, consultants, clerks, or receptionists． 50．It is obvious interviewers are often influenced too much by their personal prejudices． 51． is fond of his work will work with passion. 52．It is true most of us will join the labour force once our studies are completed． 53．Earning a living on your own means you don’t depend on your parents． 54．You should pay attention to is mentioned above． 55．It suddenly struck me I could use the money I saved to help a poor student in the countryside． 56．He gave me a guarantee he would finish the task within three days. 57．She realized that Johnson was trying to convey to her he was a genuine friend． 58．As he welcomes me into his home, I wonder he feels like easing off a little． 59．A ship in harbor is safe, but that is not ships are built for． 60． surprised us most was that her works of art soon became famous and were on display in the British Museum. 61．I have the belief some of you heard about UNESCO heritage sites or maybe even visited one． 62． sets the Harbin festival apart is the scale and size of the sculptures and the beautiful lighting． 63．Chinese New Year is a celebration marking the end of the winter season and the beginning of spring．This is decorating with plants, fruits and flowers carries special significance． 64．It soon became apparent the two women knew each other． 65．They were much stronger than modern humans, but it’s long been assumed human ancestors were smarter than the Neanderthals． 66．If you see a doctor leaving a house, you may deduce someone in the house is ill． 67．The possibility there is life on other planets in the universe has always inspired (激励) scientists to explore the outer space． 68．In the newspaper, it says English is getting more and more important． 69．After the hurricane was over, the villagers looked at was left of their houses, feeling sad． 70．Everything about the country seemed completely different from I’d experienced before. 71．The reason Kelvin made up for his absence was his car broke down on the way. 72．The cultures of the East and the West are quite different from each other．This is the culture systems are separate． 73．Many people consider it his duty he looks after his disabled father． 74．There is no denying the College Entrance Examination creates a relatively level playing field for students from all family backgrounds． 75．The attendees (出席者) at the conference will vote to decide another bridge will be built over the support river or not． 76．A story goes Elizabeth I of England liked nothing more than being surrounded by clever and qualified noblemen at court． 77．There’s a feeling in me we’ll never know what a UFO is-not ever． 78．He spoke proudly of his part in the game, without mentioning his teammates had done． 79． made the school proud was that more than 90% of the students had been admitted to key universities． 80． we are sure about is the need to prevent children from being spoiled． 81．I have no idea the journalist could have got his information from． 82．What puzzles Lily’s friends is she always has so many crazy ideas． 83．It is by no means clear the president can do to end the strike． 84． will be in charge of the company is being discussed． 85．As a member of society，I am aware being responsible is what it takes to make a better society． 86．While making a paper work, I could easily work out the problem I should do at each step． 87．Mr Frank asked me a question I could go with him to what he called the treasure house the next week． 88．The proposal had been put forward, and then arose the question we were to get the proofs needed． 89．He has determined nothing shall prevent him from going to work in the countryside． 90．Eat whichever cake you like and leave the others for comes in late． 91．The police will reward they think provides useful information to catch the robber． 92．To improve the quality of our products, we asked for suggestions had used the products． 93．There was a mouse; I was aware he was trembling． 94．Fears grew the number of death could reach 5, according to figures released by emergency services． 95．As his best friend．I can make accurate guesses about he will do or think． 96．After Yang Liwei succeeded in circling the earth, our astronauts desire to do is walk in space． 97．There is a new problem involved in the popularity of private cars road conditions need to be improved． 98．As is well known to all,the Spring Festival is the family are reunited and celebrate the new year． 99．Outside of the farm, students are engaging in some taste tests with they get from the gardens． 100．Now that summer is finally here, families are preparing for they expect to be a great vacation away from the daily routines. / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 专题07 名词性从句和定语从句（解析版） 全国各地历年高考真题全收录 1、 2025年高考真题 1． 2025．1浙江卷 Tanya is also looking beyond special-occasion dresses to less formal clothing, ___63___ she plans to package as capsule wardrobes and offer to travellers,... 【答案】63. which 【解析】考查定语从句。先行词为“less formal clothing”，指物，在从句中作主语，故填which。 2、 2024年高考真题 1． 2024．6新高考1卷 ... to house the plants of the southwestern part of China at the end of a path retracing (追溯) the steps along the Silk Route ____64____ brought the plants from their native habitat in Asia... 【答案】64. which##that 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：Mark Woodruff补充说：“这是当代设计的最高成就，在丝绸之路的尽头，中国亚热带西南部的植物群从温带的欧洲穿过山脉、干旱的土地和高山牧场，这些植物从亚洲的原生栖息地带到英国，定义了英国园艺的丰富和荣耀。”空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词design，先行词指物，关系词在定语从句中作主语，用关系代词which或that引导从句。故填which/that。 2． 2024新高考2卷 Chinese cultural elements commemorating (纪念) Tang Xianzu, ___36___ is known as “the Shakespeare of Asia,” add an international character to Stratford-upon-Avon, William Shakespeare’s hometown. 【答案】36. who 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：为了纪念被誉为“亚洲莎士比亚”的汤显祖，中国文化元素为莎士比亚的故乡——埃文河畔的斯特拉特福增添了国际化的色彩。这里为定语从句的关系词，先行词为“Tang Xianzu”，在非限制性定语从句中担当主语，表示人，用关系代词who引导。故填who。 3． 2024．6全国甲卷 On a cool, starry night in mid-September 1870, four men relaxed before a campfire along the Firehole River in ____43____ is now northwestern Wyoming. 【答案】 43. what 【解析】考查宾语从句。句意：1870年9月中旬，在一个凉爽、繁星点点的夜晚，四个男人在火洞河边的营火前放松，这里现在是怀俄明州的西北部。后文为介词in的宾语，is前缺主语，指物，主语用what引导宾语从句，作介词in的宾语，故填what。 4． 2024．6全国甲卷 Yellowstone was the largest United States national park — 2.2 million acres — until Wrangell-Saint Elias in southern Alaska, _____50_____ became a national monument in 1978, took the honors as a national park in 1980 with 12.3 million acres. 【答案】50. which 【解析】考查定语从句。句意同上。本空所在句子为定语从句，先行词为Wrangell-Saint Elias，从句中作主语，指物，引导非限制性定语从句用which，故填which。 5． 2024．6北京卷 Tinniswood, ___17___ doesn’t smoke and rarely drinks, credited moderation for helping him stay healthy during his long life. 【答案】17. who 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：Tinniswood不吸烟，也很少喝酒，他认为适量饮酒有助于他在长寿期间保持健康。空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词Tinniswood，先行词指人，关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词who引导从句。故填who。 6． 2024．1浙江卷 Of course, shops are not charities — they price goods in the way ____38____ will make them the most money. 【答案】38. that##which 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：当然，商店不是慈善机构——他们以最赚钱的方式给商品定价。在定语从句中缺少主语，且先行词为way，所以应用关系代词that或which。故填that/which。 7． 2024．1浙江卷 If most of their customers are happy to buy larger quantities, that’s ____39____ they’ll promote. 【答案】39. what 【解析】考查名词性从句。句意：如果他们的大多数客户都乐意大量购买，那他们就会推广。在表语从句中缺少宾语，且是指事物，所以应用连接代词what。故填what。 3、 2023年高考真题 1. 2023新高考全国Ⅱ卷 This is ___42___ they need an English trainer. 【答案】why 【解析】考查表语从句。句意：这就是他们需要英语培训师的原因。分析句子结构可知，空处引导表语从句，从句中结构完整，应该用连接副词连接，前文提到需要培训师的原因，此处是表达“这就是他们需要英语培训师的原因”之意，应用why引导表语从句。故填why。 2. 2023全国甲卷 ...the form of the fable still has values today, ___43___ Rachel Carson says in “A Fable for Tomorrow” 【答案】as 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：然而，正如雷切尔·卡森在《明日寓言》中所说，寓言的形式在今天仍然具有价值。引导非限定性定语从句，且有“正如”之意，用关系代词as引导。故填as。 3. 2023全国甲卷 “There was once a town in the heart of America, ___44___ all life seemed to enjoy peaceful existence with is surroundings,”... 【答案】where 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：“从前，在美国的中心地带有一个小镇，那里所有的生命似乎都和周围的环境一起享受着和平的生活，”她的寓言是这样开头的，借用了许多古老寓言中的一些熟悉的词。句中先行词为town，在非限定性定语从句作地点状语，所以用关系副词where引导。故填where。 4. 2023全国乙卷 But for all its ancient buildings, Beijing is also a place ____43____ welcomes the fast-paced development of modern life... 【答案】 which/that 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：但是，除了古建筑，北京也是一个欢迎现代生活快节奏发展的地方，21世纪的建筑奇迹与过去的历史建筑并存。这里为定语从句的关系代词，先行词为“a place”，在定语从句中担当主语，所以用关系代词which或that引导。故填which/that。 5. 2023年2月四省联考 “A school-home is exactly ____40____ it sounds like. 【答案】what 【解析】考查表语从句。句意：一所“学校之家”就是它听起来的样子。分析句子可知，空处引导表语从句，从句like是介词，缺少宾语，指物，用从属连词what引导表语从句，故填what。 4、 2022年高考真题 1（2022新高考I卷） The GPNP is intended to provide stronger protection for all the species ________ live within the Giant Panda Range and significantly improve the health of the ecosystem in the area. 【答案】that 【解析】考查定语从句关系词。句意：该计划旨在为生活在Giant Panda Range的所有物种提供更有力的保护，并显著改善该地区的生态系统健康。设空处为关系词引导限制性定语从句，先行词等于关系词，设空处在从句中作指物的主语，先行词为species，且先行词前为all修饰，只能用关系代词that。故填that。 2（2022全国甲卷） On the 1,100. Kilometer journey, the man Cao Shengkang, _________ lost his eyesight at the age of eight in a car accident, crossed 40 cities and counties in three province. 【答案】who 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：在1100公里的旅程中，8岁时因一次车祸失明的男子曹盛康穿过了三个省的40个城市和县。分析句子结合句意可知，此处是非限定性定语从句，先行词为Cao Shengkang，指人，在从句中作主语，应用关系代词who引导。故填who。 3（2022年浙江1月） Kim Cobb, a professor at the Georgia Institute of Technology in Atlanta, is one of a small but growing minority of academics __________ are cutting back on their air travel because of climate change. 【答案】that/who 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：亚特兰大佐治亚科技研究院的教授Kim Cobb是一个少数但是不断增加的少数学者中的一员，因为气候变化，他们正在削减他们的飞机旅行。名词academics后为定语从句且在从句中作主语，应使用关系代词替代，故填that/who。 4．（2022新高考II卷）“I don't know ___________ to thank him.” 【答案】how 【解析】考查宾语从句。句意：我不知道如何去感谢他。根据句子结构，设空处填写的是特殊疑问词+to do不定式结构作宾语。根据句意，how意为“如何”，符合句意。故填how。 5．（2022年浙江1月）Cobb, for her party, started to ask conference organizers who invited her to speak ______ she could do so remotely． 【答案】if/whether 【解析】考查宾语从句。句意：对于她的出席，Cobb开始询问邀请她的组织者是否可以远程进行。显然ask后面出现了一个宾语从句，宾语从句句意不完整，whether/if“是否”符合语境，故填whether或if。 5、 2021年高考真题 1．（2021．6新高考1卷） Going to Mount Huangshan reminds me of the popular Beatle's song "The Long and Winding Road".      1      is so breathtaking about the experience is the out-of-this-world scenes. 【答案】what 【解析】1： 考查名词性从句。分析题目，空格处无提示词。分子句子结构可知，_____is so breathing about the experience 作 is 的主语，为主语从句。从句中缺少主语，指代事情；且空格位于句首。故填What。 2．（2021．3 天津卷）What puzzles Lily's friends is            she always has so many crazy  ideas. A. whether B. why C. what D. when 【答案】B 【解析】考查连接词词义辨析。句意：令Lily的朋友们感到困扰的是她为什么总是有这么多疯狂的想法。A. whether是否；B.why为什么；C. what什么； D.when什么时间，当……的时候。分析成分结构句子，该空需要一个表语从句的连接词。再结合句意可知，应该是朋友们不明白Lily 为什么有这么多疯狂的想法。所以本句为why引导的表语从句。故选：B。 3．（2021．1 浙江卷 语法填空） BMI is an internationally recognized measurement tool      2      gives an indication of whether someone is a healthy weight. 【答案】that 或 which 【解析】考查关系代词。句意：BMI是全球公认的表示体重是否处于健康状态的测量工具。分析句子结构可知gives an indication of whether someone is a healthy weight.是BMI is an internationally recognized measurement tool的定语从句，先行词为tool, 故答案为that/which。 4．（2021．3 天津卷 单选） At the Chinese art festival, there are different stands            artists demonstrate their skills and teach the visitors. A.where B.which C. that D. when 【答案】A 【解析】考查定语从句。句意︰在中国艺术节上有不同的展台，在那里艺术家可以展示他们的技巧并教给参观者。分析句子成分结构可知，stands作先行词，空格后的句子为定语从句来修饰stands ，从句中不缺主宾表，故选关系副词，先行词stands在从句中作地点状语，所以应用where。故选：A。 5．（2021．3 天津卷 单选） William Hastie once suggested that history informs us of past mistakes            we can learn without repeating them. A. from which B. in which C. with whom D. for whom 【答案】A 【解析】考查定语从句。句意︰威廉·哈斯蒂曾经说过，历史会告诉我们过去的错误，我们可以从中学习避免重复犯错。分析句子成分结构可知，past mistakes为先行词，"we can learn without repeating them" 为定语从句，从句中的谓语动词为can learn。由此可知，此处讲述的是要从过去的错误中学习，固定短语：learn from"从……中学习”，所以应用from which引导定语从句。故选：A。 6．（2021新高考II卷）I decided that if I learned of a company___________ used a lot of plastic, I'd send it an email urging it to cut back. 【答案】that/which 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：我决定，如果我知道有哪家公司大量使用塑料，我就给它发邮件，敦促它减少使用塑料。分析句子结构， ________ used a lot of plastic是一个定语从句，修饰先行词a company，关系词在从句中作主语，指物，用which或that引导该从句，所以填which或that。 7．（2021天津卷）In the spring, a season ________ we are learning new rhythms of life，many of us find comfort in the natural world． A. when B. where C. what D. which 【答案】A 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：春天是我们学习新的生活节奏的季节，许多人在大自然中找到了舒适感。此处a season是先行词，在后面的定语从句中作时间状语，定语从句由关系副词when引导。故选A。 8．（2021北京卷）When you sleep, your brain sorts through everything ____12____ happened during the day，trying to link new experiences to old memories. 【答案】that 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：当你睡觉时，你的大脑会整理白天发生的一切，试图将新经历与旧记忆联系起来。分析句子结构可知，空处需用连接词引导定语从句，先行词是不定代词everything，关系词在定语从句中作主语，所以此处需用关系代词that引导定语从句。故填that。 9．（2021年北京卷）The poor woman wasn't able to give him any information about ________ she lived． 【答案】where 【解析】考查宾语从句。句意：这个可怜的老妇人不能说清楚她住在哪里。介词about后是宾语从句，根据句意，此处用where“在哪里；……的地方”符合句意，从句中作地点状语，故填where。 10.（2021年天津卷）It seemed that I had become ________ my parents had wanted me to be. A. when B. where C. what D. whether 【答案】C 【解析】考查宾语从句。句意：似乎我已经成为了我父母希望我成为的人。动词become后面是宾语从句，从句缺少引导词，且从句中的be缺少表语，所填词应该起双重作用。故选C 6、 2020年高考真题 1． （2020江苏高考真题）It is not a problem __________ we can win the battle; it’s just a matter of time． A. whether B. why C. when D. where 【答案】A 【解析】考查主语从句。句意：我们能否打赢这场战斗不是问题；这只是时间问题。A. whether是否；B. why为什么；C. when什么时候；D. where在哪里。根据下文it’s just a matter of time可知，此处指”我们能否打赢这场战斗不是问题”，it是形式主语，whether引导的从句是真正的主语。故选A。 2． （2020天津高考真题）The student completed this experiment to make come true __________ Professor Joseph had said． A. that B. what C. when D. where 【答案】B 【解析】考查名词性从句。句意：为了使约瑟夫教授所说的成为现实，这个学生完成了这个实验。_________ Professor Joseph had said作make的宾语从句，该从句中，空处在从句中作said的宾语，表示”……所说的话”，因此应用what引导该从句。故选B。 3． （2020浙江高考真题）Over thousands of years，they began to depend less on 57 could be hunted or gathered from the wild, and more on animals they had raised and crops they had sown. 【答案】what 【解析】考查名词性从句。句意：在几千年的时间里，他们开始减少对我们从野外采集的猎物的依赖，而更多地依赖他们饲养的动物和播种的庄稼。分析句子，宾语从句部分缺主语，所以引导词应为“连接代词”。根据句意，此处缺“什么”之意。故填what。 4． （2020江苏高考真题）Many lessons are now available online, from __________ students can choose for free． A. whose B. which C. when D. whom 【答案】B 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：许多课程现在都可以在网上找到，学生们可以从中免费选择。此处是非限定性定语从句，先行词是many lessons，关系词在从句中做介词from的宾语，应使用关系代词which引导。故选B。 5． （2020天津高考真题）Dr． Rowan, __________ secretary resigned two weeks ago, has had to do all his own typing． A. whose B. of whom C. of which D. which 【答案】A 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：罗文博士的秘书两周前辞职了，他现在只能自己打字。______ secretary resigned two weeks ago是非限制性定语从句，修饰Dr. Rowan，引导词在从句中作定语，表示“Dr. Rowan’s ”，表示“……的” ，应用关系代词whose引导该从句，故选A。 6． （2020新高考Ⅲ卷高考真题）In ancient China lived an artist 61 paintings were almost lifelike. 【答案】whose 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：中国古代有一位画家，他的画几乎栩栩如生。此处为定语从句修饰先行词artist，且先行词在从句中作定语，故应用关系代词whose。故填whose。 7．（2020新高考I卷）Because the moon’s body blocks direct radio communication with a probe, China first had to put a satellite in orbit above the moon in a spot __________ it could send signals to the spacecraft and to Earth. 【答案】where 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：中国首先必须 把一颗人造卫星送入月球轨道上的一个点，人造卫星可以在这个点向航天器和地球发射信号。分析句子可知，空处引导一个定语从句，先行词是a spot，关系词替代先行词在从句中作地点状语，应用where引导。故填where。 8．（2020年北京卷）Oliver says if you're lucky enough to have someone close to you who enjoys cooking, ask them __________you can join in when it's possible. 【答案】if/whether 【解析】考查连词。句意：问他们你是否有可能加入他们。____ you can join in when it's possible.是宾语从句，从句成分完整，但缺“是否”的意思，故填if/whether。 7、 2019年高考真题 1．【2019·江苏卷·单项填空】25．Scientists have obtained more evidence ___________ plastic is finding its way into the human body． A. what B. that C. which D. where 【答案】B 【解析】考查同位语从句。句意：科学家已经获得更多证据，塑料正在进入人们的体内。从句不缺句子成分，且与evidence指代的是同一事件，用that引导同位语从句。故选B。 2．【2019·新高考I卷·语法填空】While they are rare north of 88°,there is evidence ___61___ they range all the way across the Arctic, and as far south as James Bay in Canada. 【答案】that 【解析】考查同位语从句。根据句子结构分析可知，主句为there be句型，且结构完整，空格后为同位语从句，解释说明中心词evidence的内容，故填that。 3．【2019·北京卷·语法填空】What students do at college seems to matter much more than ___8___ they go. 【答案】where 【解析】考查宾语从句。句意：学生在大学里做什么似乎比去哪里（哪所大学）更重要。这里表达去哪所大学，表示地点，作状语。故用where。 4．（2019新高考II卷）Now Irene Astbury works from 9am to 5pm daily at the pet shop in Macclesfield，_________she opened with her late husband Les. 【答案】which 【解析】考查非限制性定语从句。分析句子结构可知，先行词为the pet shop，在非限制性定语从句中作opened一词的宾语，故用which。 5．（2019新高考III卷）They were well trained by their masters ________ had great experience with caring for these animals. 【答案】who/that 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：它们被他们的主人训练地很好，它们的主人在照顾这些动物方面很有经验。先行词为masters（主人），且从句缺主语。故关系词填who。 6．（2019浙江卷）On the edge of the jacket, there is a piece of cloth ______ gives off light in the dark． 【答案】that/which 【解析】考查定语从句。这是个限制性定语从句，先行词是cloth，指物，从句中缺少主语，因此，可以用that或which引导。故填that/which。 7．（2019北京卷）The students benefitting most from college are those ______ are totally engaged(参与) in academic life, taking full advantage of the college’s chances and resources(资源)． 【答案】who 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：从大学中获益最多的学生是那些完全投入学术生活的学生。______ are totally engaged(参与)in academic life.是定语从句，修饰先行词those，空格处在句中作主语，代指人，故填who。 2018年高考真题 1．【2018·北京】11． Without his support, we wouldn’t be _________ we are now． A. how B. when C. where D. why 【答案】C 【解析】考查名词性从句。句意：没有他的支持，我们是不会在现在这个位置的。how表方式，when表时间，where表地点，why表原因。“_________ we are now”是表语从句，结合句子的意思可知，该处指我们所处的位置，故该从句应用where引导。C选项正确。 点睛：表语从句是指一个句子充当表语，通俗的说就是系动词be后面接一个句子。连接表语从句的连接词有that，what，who，when，where，which，why，whether，how等。 2．【2018·北京】15． This is _________ my father has taught me—to always face difficulties and hope for the best． A. how B. which C. that D. what 【答案】D 【解析】考查名词性从句。句意：没有他的支持，我们是不会在现在这个位置的。how表方式，when表时间，where表地点，why表原因。“_________ we are now”是表语从句，结合句子的意思可知，该处指我们所处的位置，故该从句应用where引导。C选项正确。 点睛：what是常见的名词性从句引导词之一，它除了引导从句作用之外，还在从句中做主语，宾语，表语或者定语。根据不同的语境，what可以表示不同的意思，例如“……的东西或事情”，“……的人或样子”等。 3．【2018·天津】9． The gold medal will be awarded ___________to wins the first place in the bicycle race． A. whomever B. wherever C. whoever D. whatever 【答案】C 【解析】考查名词性从句连接词。句意：无论谁获得自行车比赛第一名，金牌将授予他。分析句子可知，宾语从句中缺少主语，故用whoever，表示“任何人，无论谁”。故选C。 点睛：分析句子可知，空格处做be awarded to的宾语，同时在后面的从句中做主语，再根据句意可知，这里主语指人，故用whoever。 4．【2018·江苏】21． By boat is the only way to get here, which is _______ we arrived． A. where B. when C. why D. how 【答案】D 【解析】考查名词性从句。句意：乘船是到达这里唯一的途径，这就是我们如何到达的。分析which引导的非限定性定语从句可知，后面为表语从句。分析句意可知，这里用连接副词how引导表语从句，充当方式状语，表示“如何”。故选D。 点睛：本题考查表语。首先需要弄清句意及分析句子结构，然后根据前句By boat is the only way to get here提示可知作方式状语，就不难选出正确答案。 模拟演练 1．Although there seemed only a slim chance the trees could survive,the difficulty did not prevent her from trying. 2．While making friends, we’re supposed to focus on what we have in common and set aside we disagree. 3． urban development and climate change are responsible for pushing animals out of their natural habitats is not necessarily accurate. 4． remains important is that we have an incredible desire to think and create, and that’s the real spirit of invention. 5．It occurred to me I had an important meeting to attend the next day. 6．To my surprise,the small village is no longer it used to be. 7．The most important thing is you should put your heart into it. 8．It remains to be seen the old couple will enjoy their journey. 9． the young man had resigned from the company made us surprised. 10．How we understand things has a lot to do with we feel． 11．An idea came to him he should go to the bookstore to buy some books． 12．1 was in my bed when my daughter called me and told me was happening． 13． you described in the book made children interested． 14．The experiment allowed students to get a taste of it was like to live in outer space． 15．The problem is one less hour of sleep is not equal to an extra hour of achievements. 16．I am wondering the book about western literature can interest my son． 17．What I want to tell you is that it doesn’t interest me you succeed or not． 18．It is reported a new film will be put on in the cinema． 19．It has not been decided will attend the meeting． 20． we will have a picnic depends on the weather． 21．Whether we can solve the problem of environmental pollution depends in large measure on we can use clean energy in a reasonable way or not． 22．She arrived just as we were leaving, but I was not sure this was by accident or by design． 23．I wonder makes this decision and how they come to their conclusion． 24．I like this jacket．I wonder they have it in different sizes． 25． we have achieved during the past 40-plus years of reform and opening-up shows that reform is the key to boosting productivity． 26．We should believe that each of us is able to do something well, and if we work hard, we will succeed． 27． you say must agree with what you do, which is the principle of being a human． 28．We all miss you and are very grateful for you did for us when we were together. 29．The question we should call in a specialist was answered by the family doctor． 30．This devotion and hard work is we see reflected within his photos． 31．Moreover, made Cunningham great was his devotion to photography, and the hours and hours of sheer hard work he put into his work． 32．At the meeting, the new secretary actually managed to take down the director said． 33．I am in favor of the opinion we must make full use of the existing technical equipment． 34．It suddenly hit me I had grown up and I had to look after myself and live independently． 35．Choosing the right bike depends on you want to use it for． 36．Tell me city you need to go to if you want to take part in Mardi Gras. 37．I just doubted I could write all that I wanted to say in the rest of my life． 38． she is still alive is the best news I have heard of． 39．Please identify the words indicate: an order, a request, ability or possibility． 40．I don't doubt my father will come to watch my performance, but I doubt he can come on time. 41．We are moving outside, so you can take you like in this room．It is free． 42． you like or dislike the job, you have to finish it． 43．The small children don’t know is in their stockings． 44．What surprises Lily’s friends is she has so many crazy ideas． 45．The reason his being angry was his students were rude to him. 46．The reason he didn’t pass the driving test was he was too nervous. 47．So, try filling up your time with other work．This is there is a saying that if you want something done, ask a busy person to do it． 48．The general manager approved of the plan they should work out weekly, monthly and yearly budgets. 49．It is necessary we strengthen self-discipline, whether we are lawyers, public servants, consultants, clerks, or receptionists． 50．It is obvious interviewers are often influenced too much by their personal prejudices． 51． is fond of his work will work with passion. 52．It is true most of us will join the labour force once our studies are completed． 53．Earning a living on your own means you don’t depend on your parents． 54．You should pay attention to is mentioned above． 55．It suddenly struck me I could use the money I saved to help a poor student in the countryside． 56．He gave me a guarantee he would finish the task within three days. 57．She realized that Johnson was trying to convey to her he was a genuine friend． 58．As he welcomes me into his home, I wonder he feels like easing off a little． 59．A ship in harbor is safe, but that is not ships are built for． 60． surprised us most was that her works of art soon became famous and were on display in the British Museum. 61．I have the belief some of you heard about UNESCO heritage sites or maybe even visited one． 62． sets the Harbin festival apart is the scale and size of the sculptures and the beautiful lighting． 63．Chinese New Year is a celebration marking the end of the winter season and the beginning of spring．This is decorating with plants, fruits and flowers carries special significance． 64．It soon became apparent the two women knew each other． 65．They were much stronger than modern humans, but it’s long been assumed human ancestors were smarter than the Neanderthals． 66．If you see a doctor leaving a house, you may deduce someone in the house is ill． 67．The possibility there is life on other planets in the universe has always inspired (激励) scientists to explore the outer space． 68．In the newspaper, it says English is getting more and more important． 69．After the hurricane was over, the villagers looked at was left of their houses, feeling sad． 70．Everything about the country seemed completely different from I’d experienced before. 71．The reason Kelvin made up for his absence was his car broke down on the way. 72．The cultures of the East and the West are quite different from each other．This is the culture systems are separate． 73．Many people consider it his duty he looks after his disabled father． 74．There is no denying the College Entrance Examination creates a relatively level playing field for students from all family backgrounds． 75．The attendees (出席者) at the conference will vote to decide another bridge will be built over the support river or not． 76．A story goes Elizabeth I of England liked nothing more than being surrounded by clever and qualified noblemen at court． 77．There’s a feeling in me we’ll never know what a UFO is-not ever． 78．He spoke proudly of his part in the game, without mentioning his teammates had done． 79． made the school proud was that more than 90% of the students had been admitted to key universities． 80． we are sure about is the need to prevent children from being spoiled． 81．I have no idea the journalist could have got his information from． 82．What puzzles Lily’s friends is she always has so many crazy ideas． 83．It is by no means clear the president can do to end the strike． 84． will be in charge of the company is being discussed． 85．As a member of society，I am aware being responsible is what it takes to make a better society． 86．While making a paper work, I could easily work out the problem I should do at each step． 87．Mr Frank asked me a question I could go with him to what he called the treasure house the next week． 88．The proposal had been put forward, and then arose the question we were to get the proofs needed． 89．He has determined nothing shall prevent him from going to work in the countryside． 90．Eat whichever cake you like and leave the others for comes in late． 91．The police will reward they think provides useful information to catch the robber． 92．To improve the quality of our products, we asked for suggestions had used the products． 93．There was a mouse; I was aware he was trembling． 94．Fears grew the number of death could reach 5, according to figures released by emergency services． 95．As his best friend．I can make accurate guesses about he will do or think． 96．After Yang Liwei succeeded in circling the earth, our astronauts desire to do is walk in space． 97．There is a new problem involved in the popularity of private cars road conditions need to be improved． 98．As is well known to all,the Spring Festival is the family are reunited and celebrate the new year． 99．Outside of the farm, students are engaging in some taste tests with they get from the gardens． 100．Now that summer is finally here, families are preparing for they expect to be a great vacation away from the daily routines. 1．that 【详解】考查同位语从句。句意：虽然这些树存活的可能性很小，但困难并没有阻止她去尝试。引导同位语从句，说明chance的内容，从句不缺少成分，句意完整，故用that。故填that。 2．where 【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：在交朋友的时候，我们应该把注意力集中在我们的共同点上，把我们的分歧放在一边。分析句子结构可知，空处引导宾语从句，从句中结构完整，应该用连接副词引导，在从句中作地点状语，根据句意，应用where引导。故填where。 3．That 【详解】考查主语从句。句意：城市发展和气候变化导致动物被迫离开自然栖息地的说法未必准确。根据句子结构， urban development and climate change are responsible for pushing animals out of their natural habitats为主语从句部分，句子结构完整，应用连词that引导，设空处在句首，首字母要大写。故填That。 4．What 【详解】考查主语从句。句意：仍然重要的是，我们有一种难以置信的思考和创造的欲望，这是真正的发明精神。分析句子结构，空处引导一个主语从句，并在从句中作主语，结合表语“that we have an incredible desire to think and create”，这里指“……的事物”，所以应用连接代词what引导主语从句。故填What。 5．that 【详解】考查主语从句。句意：我突然想到第二天我要参加一个重要的会议。it occurs/occurred to sb. that...为固定句型，意为“某人突然想到……”，其中it作形式主语，that引导的是主语从句。故填that。 6．what 【详解】考查表语从句。句意：令我惊讶的是，这个小村庄不再是过去的样子了。分析句子，设空处引导的是表语从句，引导词在从句中作表语，意为“什么”。故填what。 7．that 【详解】考查表语从句。句意：最重要的是你应该全身心地投入其中。分析句子可知，空处引导名词性从句作句子的表语，表语从句的成分和语义均完整，应用连接词that作引导词。故填that。 8．whether 【详解】考查连词。句意：这对老夫妇是否会享受他们的旅程还有待观察。分析句子结构可知此处使用了It作形式主语，空处引导主语从句，句子主干成分完整，结合句意，应用连接词whether“是否”引导从句，故填whether。 9．That 【详解】考查主语从句。句意：那个年轻人已经从公司辞职了，这使我们很吃惊。分析句子结构可知，本句为从句作主语，从句不缺少成分且句意完整，所以用连接代词that引导从句。根据句意，故填That。 10．what 【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：我们如何理解事物与我们的感受有很大关系。分析句子，设空处引导的是宾语从句，引导词在从句中作表语，意为“什么”。故填what。 11．that 【详解】考查同位语从句。句意：他突然想到他应该去书店买一些书。分析句子结构可知，本句为同位语从句，解释说明名词idea的具体内容。从句不缺少成分且句意完整，所以用连接代词that引导该从句。根据句意，故填that。 12．what 【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：我当时正在床上，女儿打电话来告诉我发生了什么。分析可知，设空处引导宾语从句，且在从句中做主语，意为“什么”，故填what。 13．What 【详解】考查主语从句。句意：你在书中所描述的东西使孩子们感兴趣。分析句子可知，空处引导主语从句，即“_______ you described in the book”为主语从句，引导词在从句中作宾语，指物，表示“……的物”，应用连接代词what引导，首字母应大写。故填What。 14．what 【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：这个实验让学生们感受到了在外太空生活的滋味。分析句子，设空处引导的是宾语从句，引导词在从句中作like的宾语，指代事物，用连接代词what。故填what。 15．that 【详解】考查表语从句。句意：问题是少一个小时的睡眠不等于多一个小时的成果。设空处引导表语从句，从句句子结构完整，不缺少成分和含义，故填that。 16．whether/if 【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：我想知道这本关于西方文学的书是否能引起我儿子的兴趣。空处引导宾语从句，从句成份完整，但缺少“是否”之一，故应用whether/if引导宾语从句。故答案为whether/if。 17．whether 【详解】考查主语从句。句意：我想告诉你的是，无论你成功与否，我都不感兴趣。根据空后的or not可知，空处需要whether，构成whether...or not的结构，意为“无论是否……”，在句中引导主语从句，而前面的it作形式主语。故填whether。 18．that 【详解】考查主语从句。句意：据报道，这家电影院将放映一部新电影。分析句子可知，It是形式主语，空处引导主语从句，作真正的主语，从句结构、意义完整，应用that引导，故填that。 19．who 【详解】考查主语从句。句意：谁来参加会议还没有决定。分析句子结构可知，此处应为连接词引导的主语从句，从句中缺少主语，结合句意可知，此处表示的是人，所说使用连接代词who。故填who。 20．When 【详解】考查主语从句。句意：我们什么时候去野餐取决于天气。分析句子结构可知，此处应为连接词引导的主语从句，从句中不缺主语和宾语，但句意不完整，结合句意，可知，此处表示“什么时候”应为when符合句意，且位于句首，首字母需大写。故填When。 21．whether 【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：我们能否解决环境污染问题在很大程度上取决于我们是否能合理地使用清洁能源。分析句子结构可知，空处引导宾语从句，作介词on的宾语，意为“是否”，只能用whether引导。故填whether。 22．whether/if　 【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：她刚好在我们正要离开时到达，但我不能肯定这是出于偶然还是有意安排。分析句子可知设空处引导宾语从句，从句不缺少成分，表示“是否”应用whether或if。故填whether/if。 23．who 【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：我想知道是谁做出了这个决定，他们是如何得出结论的。空格处引导宾语从句，在从句中作主语，指人，应用连接代词who引导该从句。故填who。 24．whether/if 【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：我喜欢这件夹克。我想知道他们有没有不同尺寸的。空处引导宾语从句，结合句意可知，此处指“他们是否有不同尺寸的”，应用whether或if引导，故填whether/if。 25．What 【详解】考查主语从句。句意：我们在过去四十多年的改革开放中取得的成就表明改革是提高生产力的关键。分析句子结构可知，空处引导主语从句，并在从句中作achieved的宾语，表示“……的事物”，应用what引导，单词位于句首，首字母大写。故填What。 26．that 【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：我们应该相信我们每个人都能把事情做好，相信如果我们努力工作，我们就会成功。分析句子结构可知，and连接两个宾语从句，作动词“ believe”的宾语，从句句意完整，不缺成分，故用that引导，当一个动词后有多个并列的宾语从句时，第一个从句中的连接词that可以省略，后面的宾语从句中的that不可省略。故填that。 27．What 【详解】考查主语从句。句意：你所说的必须与你所做的一致，这是做人的原则。分析句子结构可知，空处应为连词引导主语从句，从句中缺少宾语，所以使用连接代词，表示“……的事情”，所以使用what，因位于句首，所以首字母需大写。故填What。 28．what　 【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：我们都很想念您，非常感谢您与我们在一起时为我们所做的事。分析句子结构可知，设空处引导宾语从句，且在从句中作宾语，指事，表示“……的事”，应用what引导宾语从句。故填what。 29．whether 【详解】考查同位语从句。句意：家庭医生回答了我们是否应该请专家的问题。分析句子可知，“ we should call in a specialist”是对名词question内容的说明，是同位语从句，句中不缺成分，结合句意，表示“是否……”，应用whether引导该从句。故填whether。 30．what 【详解】考查表语从句。句意：我们在他的照片中看到了这种奉献和努力。分析句型可知，is后缺少连词引导表语从句，see后缺少宾语成分，指代事物，空处用连接代词what。故填what。 31．what 【详解】考查主语从句。句意：此外，Cunningham的伟大之处在于他对摄影的热爱，以及他在工作中投入的大量的辛勤工作。空处引导主语从句，从句缺少主语，表示“……的东西”，需用连接代词what引导。故填what。 32．what/ whatever 【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：在会上，这个新秘书能记下主管说的(一切)内容。此处引导宾语从句，且从句中said缺少宾语，故可用what或whatever引导，指（一切）事物。故填what/whatever。 33．that 【详解】考查同位语从句。句意：我支持我们必须充分利用现有的技术设备这一观点。分析句子结构并结合句意可知，空处引导的从句用来解释说明名词“opinion”的内容，是同位语从句，从句句意完整，不缺成分，故用that引导同位语从句。故填that。 34．that 【详解】考查主语从句连接词。句意：我突然想到，我已经长大了，我必须照顾好自己，独立生活。分析句子结构可知，句中的it是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的主语从句，从句中缺少连接词，该连接词在从句中不充当成分，无词义，不可省略，因而用that引导。故填that。 35．what 【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：选择合适的自行车取决于你想用它做什么。分析句子结构可知，空处引导宾语从句，作介词on的宾语。宾语从句中缺少for的宾语，而且表示想用它来“做的事情”，所以用what引导。故填what。 36．which 【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：如果你想参加狂欢节，告诉我你需要去哪个城市。“________ city you need to go to”是一个宾语从句，设空处为引导词，从句中缺city的定语，表示“哪一个”，所以填which引导宾语从句。故填which。 37．whether/if 【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：我只是怀疑我是否能在我的余生写下我想说的一切。引导宾语从句，从句中不缺少成分，表示“是否”应用whether或if。故填whether/if。 38．That 【详解】考查名词性从句引导词。句意：她还活着是我听到的最好的消息。分析句子可知空格处引导主语从句，且she is still alive结构完整，不缺少成分，用that引导符合题意，放在句首，首字母大写。故填That。 39．what 【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：请确认这些词表明什么：命令、请求、能力或可能性。分析句子可知，句子为宾语从句，空格处单词引导从句，从句中缺少“indicate”的宾语，指物，没有选择范围，故应用“what”引导从句。故填what。 40． that whether/if 【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：我不怀疑我父亲会来看我的表演，但我怀疑他是否能准时来。前半句为that引导的宾语从句，后半句为whether/if引导的宾语从句，意为“怀疑是否会”。故填that；whether/if。 41．whatever 【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：我们要搬出去，所以你可以在这个房间里拿任何你喜欢的东西。它是免费的。分析句子可知，句子为宾语从句，空格处单词引导从句，从句中缺少“like”的宾语，根据句意可知，应用“whatever”引导从句，意为“无论什么，任何事物”。故填whatever。 42．Whether 【详解】考查主语从句。句意：不管你喜欢还是不喜欢这项工作，你都必须完成它。分析句子可知，空格处应填入主语从句的连接词。由句中“or”可知，此处应用连接词whether，whether…or…意为“不管……还是……”，故填Whether。 43．what 【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：小孩子不知道他们的袜子里有什么。分析句子结构，空处引导宾语从句，作动词know的宾语，从句中缺少主语，表示“什么”，应用what引导从句。故填what。 44．that 【详解】考查表语从句。句意：让莉莉的朋友们惊讶的是她有这么多疯狂的想法。分析可知，空格处引导的是表语从句，从句中不缺成分，且句子意思完整，因此空格处用that引导表语从句，故填that。 45． for that 【详解】考查介词和表语从句。句意：他生气的原因是他的学生对他粗鲁无礼。the reason for表“……的原因”，为固定结构；第二空考查表语从句，根据句意可知，应填that。整句考查句型the reason for...is/was that+句子。故填①for；②that。 46． why that 【详解】考查定语从句和表语从句。句意：他没有通过驾驶考试的原因是他太紧张了。分析可知，“he didn’t pass the driving test”是定语从句，从句中不缺主语或宾语，先行词reason是原因，因此第一空用关系副词why引导定语从句；第二空引导的是表语从句，从句中不缺成分，且句子意思完整，因此第二空用that引导表语从句，故填why，that。 47．why 【详解】考查表语从句。句意：所以，试着把你的时间用在其他工作上。这就是为什么有这样一种说法:如果你想做一件事，请一个忙碌的人去做。分析可知，空格处引导的是表语从句，从句中不缺成分，根据语境可知，句子表示“试着把你的时间用在其他工作上。这就是为什么有这样一种说法：如果你想做一件事，请一个忙碌的人去做”，空格处意为“为什么”，用why引导表语从句，故填why。 48．that 【详解】考查同位语从句。句意：总经理批准了他们制定周、月、年预算的计划。分析句子可知，此处为连词that引导的同位语从句，对plan进行补充解释，说明。故填that。 49．that 【详解】考查主语从句。句意：无论我们是律师、公务员、顾问、职员还是接待员，都有必要加强自律。分析句子可知，此处考查固定句子“it be+形容词+that...”，意为“……是怎么样的”，此处的it是形式主语，真正的主语为that从句，此处为that引导的主语从句，结合语意可知，此处从句不缺任何成分，故空处应填连词that，无含义，只起到连接作用。故填that。 50．that 【详解】考查主语从句连接词。句意：很明显，面试官经常被他们的个人偏见影响太多。分析句子可知，空处应使用that引导主语从句，it is obvious意为“很明显......”。故填that。 51．Whoever 【详解】考查主语从句。句意：任何喜欢他的工作的人都会充满激情地工作。分析句子可知，此处考查引导主语从句的连接词，在从句中作主语，结合语意可知，此处意为“任何人”，故空处应填连词代词whoever。故填Whoever。 52．that 【详解】考查主语从句。句意：诚然，我们大多数人在完成学业后都会加入劳动力大军。本句用it作形式主语，后面是主语从句作真正主语，从句句意完整且不缺少成分，所以用that引导。故填that。 53．that 【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：自食其力意味着你不依赖你的父母。分析可知，空格处引导的是宾语从句，从句中不缺成分且句子意思完整，因此用that引导宾语从句，故填that。 54．what 【详解】考查名词性从句。句意：你应该注意上面所提到的内容。pay attention to后跟名词性从句做宾语。在名词性从句中设空处做主语，指物，所以此宾语从句应该用连接代词what引导。故填what。 55．that 【详解】考查固定句型。句意：我突然想到，我可以用我攒下的钱去帮助一个农村的贫困学生。It strike sb. that...是固定句型，意为“某人突然想到……”，其中it形式主语，that是主语从句，此处缺少主语从句引导词that。故填that。 56．that 【详解】考查同位语从句。句意：他向我保证他会在三天内完成这项任务。分析可知，空格处引导的是同位语从句，从句中不缺成分，且句子意思完整，因此空格处用that引导同位语从句，故填that。 57．that 【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：她意识到约翰逊在试图向她表示他是一个真诚的朋友。引导宾语从句，从句中不缺少成分，句意完整，应用that。故填that。 58．whether/if 【详解】考查连词。句意：当他欢迎我到他家时，我不知道他是否想放松一下。分析句子结构可知此处缺少宾语从句连接词，从句中不缺少成分，结合句意可知使用whether/if“是否”符合题意，故填whether/if。 59．what 【详解】考查从属连词。句意：一艘在港口的船是安全的，但那不是船建造的目的。根据句子成分分析，后面的句子是一个表语从句，从句中缺少for后面的宾语，并且缺少“的目的”的意思，因此用what引导。故填what。 60．What 【详解】考查连词。句意：最让我们惊讶的是她的艺术作品很快就出名了，并在大英博物馆展出。分析句子可知，此处为连词what引导的主语从句，连词what在从句中作主语成分，意为“一些事情”。故填What。 61．that 【详解】考查同位语从句。句意：我相信你们中的一些人听说过联合国教科文组织目录中的文化遗址，或者甚至参观过一个。分析可知，空白及之后的内容对名词belief解释说明，所以为同位语从句。从句句意完整，成分齐全，所以此处用从属连词that来连接。故填that。 62．What 【详解】考查主语从句。句意：使哈尔滨节与众不同的是雕塑的尺寸和美丽的灯光。分析句子结构和意思可知，　　　　　　 sets the Harbin festival apart是主语从句，从句中缺少主语，指物，“什么”的意思，用连接词what。故填What。 63．why 【详解】考查表语从句。句意：中国新年是一个庆祝活动，它标志着冬天的结束和春天的开始。这就是用植物、水果和鲜花装饰有特殊意义的原因。分析句子结构和意思可知， decorating with plants, fruits and flowers carries special significance是表语从句，从句基本成分完整，上下文需要表示“为什么”意思的连词。This/That/It is why+从句（表示结果）“这/那/它就是……的原因”的意思。故填why。 64．that 【详解】考查主语从句。句意：这两个女人显然彼此认识。分析句子结构可知，“It”为形式主语，真正的主语为“the two women knew each other. ”，从句成分齐全，句意完整，使用that连接主语从句，故填that。 65．that 【详解】考查固定句型。句意：他们比现代人强壮得多，但长期以来人们一直认为人类祖先比尼安德特人更加聪明。it + be动词 + assumed that...是固定句型，意为“据认为……”，所以此处应填that，that连接主语从句。故填that。 66．that 【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：如果你看到医生离开一所房子，你就可以推断出房子里有人生病了。此处引导宾语从句，从句句意完整、成分齐全，应用只起连接作用、无实意的that引导。故填that。 67．that 【详解】考查同位语从句。句意：宇宙中其他星球上存在生命的可能性一直激励着科学家去探索外层空间。根据句意及所给句子可知，此处引导possibility的同位语从句，从句句意完整、成分齐全，应用只起连接作用、无实意的that引导。故填that。 68．that 【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：报纸上说英语越来越重要。该空引导宾语从句，从句结构完整，不缺任何意义，用只起连接作用的that。故填that。 69．what 【详解】考查名词性从句连接词。句意：飓风过去后，村民们看着他们房子的残骸，感到很悲伤。分析句子可知，looked at后作介词at的宾语，为宾语从句，从句部分was前缺少主语，表示物，此处用连接代词what引导。故填what。 70．what 【详解】考查连词。句意：这个国家的一切似乎与我以前所经历的完全不同。分析句子可知，空处引导宾语从句，从句缺少宾语，且指代经历的事情，应用what引导。故填what。 71． that/which that 【详解】考查定语从句和表语从句。句意：开尔文为他缺席编造的理由是他的车中途出故障了。根据句意可知第一空需要填连词that或者which引导定语从句，因为先行词the reason为物，且在从句中充当made up的宾语；第二空使用that引导表语从句，因为表语从句不缺少主要成分，只需要that起到引导作用。故填that/which和that。 72．because 【详解】考查表语从句。句意：东方和西方的文化是截然不同的。这就是为什么文化系统是分开的。this/that is beacause...，后接某事发生的原因，连接副词because引导表语从句。根据句意，故填because。 73．that 【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：许多人认为照顾残疾的父亲是他的责任。分析句子可知，it是形式宾语，空处引导的从句作真正的宾语，从句结构、意义完整，应用that引导。故填that。 74．that 【详解】考查同位语从句。句意：不可否认，高考为所有家庭背景的学生创造了一个相对公平的竞争环境。分析句子结构和意思可知， the College Entrance Examination creates a relatively level playing field for students from all family backgrounds是同位语从句，解释denying的内容，从句基本成分完整，上下文意思连贯，用连词that引导。故填that。 75．whether 【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：参加会议的人将投票决定是否在这条河上再建一座桥。空格处引导的是宾语从句，根据“over the support river or not”可知，句子表示“参加会议的人将投票决定是否在这条河上再建一座桥”，空格处意为“是否”，用whether引导宾语从句，whether...or not是固定搭配，意为“是否”，故填whether。 76．that 【详解】考查同位语从句。句意：有传言说，英国的伊丽莎白一世最喜欢的就是在宫廷里被聪明而有资格的贵族包围。根据句意和句子结构，空后句子完整，设空处应用连接代词that，引导同位语从句，解释说明主语A story的内容，由于该同位语从句较长而谓语较短，为保持句子平衡，谓语动词goes放在了主语与同位语从句之间。a story goes that.有传言说....是固定用法 ，故填that。 77．that 【详解】考查同位语从句。句意：我有一种感觉，我们永远不会知道什么是UFO。空处引导从句对名词feeling进行解释说明，因此是同位语从句， 从句成分和意义都完整，用连接词that引导。故填that。 78．what 【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：他自豪地谈到自己在比赛中所扮演的角色，但没有提及队友所做的一切。此处缺少宾语从句连接词，从句缺少宾语， 表示事物，故填what。 79．what 【详解】考查主语从句。句意：令学校感到自豪的是，90%以上的学生被重点大学录取。分析句子可知，此处引导主语从句，从句中缺少主语，表示“学校感到自豪的事情”，故用what来引导，且首字母大写。故填What。 80．What 【详解】考查主语从句。句意：我们确信有必要防止孩子被宠坏。引导主语从句，从句中缺少宾语，指事情应用what。句首单词首字母要大写。故填What。 81．where 【详解】考查同位语从句。句意：我不知道这个记者从哪里得到的消息。idea后面的从句解释idea的具体内容，引导同位语从句，表示从哪里获得信息，用where引导。故填where。 82．why 【详解】考查表语从句。句意：让Lily的朋友们困惑的是为什么她总是有那么多疯狂的想法。空处引导表语从句，缺少状语，表示“为什么”，应用连接副词why引导，故填why。 83．what 【详解】考查主语从句。句意：总统能做些什么来结束罢工，这一点不清楚。分析句子可知，It是形式主语，“　 the president can do to end the strike”是主语从句，从句中缺宾语，应用连接代词what引导该从句，意为“什么事情”。故填what。 84．Who 【详解】考查主语从句。句意：谁将掌管这家公司正在被议论。分析句子可知，此处缺少主语从句连接词，使用连词who“谁”符合题意，位于句首，单词首字母大写，故填who。 85．that 【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：作为社会的一员，我知道负责任是让社会变得更好的必要条件。结合句意及空后的being responsible is what it takes to make a better society.可知此处应填从句的引导词，从句结构完整，所以应填宾语从句引导词that，be aware that…意为“意识到……；知道……”，故填that。 86．what 【详解】考查同位语从句。句意：在做文件工作的时候，我可以很容易地计算出每一步我应该做什么。说明problem的内容，同位语从句缺少宾语，故用what。故填what。 87．whether 【详解】考查同位语从句。句意：弗兰克先生问我下星期是否能够和他一起去他所谓的宝库。分析句式结构可知，此处是同位语从句，从句不缺少成分，表示“是否”，应用whether来引导。故填whether。 88．where 【详解】考查同位语从句。句意：这个建议一经提出，就产生了一个问题，即我们到哪里去得到所需要的证据。分析句子可知，空处引导同位语从句，补充说明question的内容，结合句意可知，此处表示“去哪里得到我们需要的证据”，应用where引导。故填where。 89．that 【详解】考查宾语从句的连接词。句意：他已下定决心，什么也不能阻止他到农村去工作。谓语动词determine后接宾语从句，从句句意完整，应用that引导从句。故填that。 90．whoever 【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：你喜欢吃哪个蛋糕就吃哪个，剩下的留给来晚了的人。根据句意和句子结构，介词for后接宾语从句，设空处应用连接代词whoever，表“……的那个人，……的任何人”，作从句的主语，并引导从句。故填whoever。 91．whoever 【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：警察会奖励任何他们认为提供有用信息来抓捕强盗的人。theny think为插入成分，空处引导宾语从句，从句中缺少主语，表示“无论谁，任何人”应用whoever。故填whoever。 92．whoever 【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：为了提高我们产品的质量，我们征求了使用过产品的人的建议。ask sb. for suggestions表示“征求某人建议”，所以空处为宾语从句引导词。分词句子结构可知，宾语从句中缺少主语，根据句意可知为“无论谁使用过产品，我们都会征询建议”，所以用whoever引导宾语从句。故答案是whoever。 93．that 【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：有一只老鼠；我知道他在发抖。分析句子可知，句子为宾语从句，空格处单词引导从句作“aware”的宾语，从句中不缺成分且意义完整，故应用“that”引导从句。故填that。 94．that 【详解】考查同位语从句。句意：根据紧急服务部门发布的数据，人们越来越担心死亡人数可能会达到5人。分析可知， 　　　 the number of death could reach 5在句中为同位语从句，解释名词fear，空处后面的句子结构完整，成分齐全，所以空处用从属连词that连接，不能省略。故填that。 95．what 【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：作为他最好的朋友。我可以准确猜测他会做什么或想什么。引导宾语从句，从句缺少宾语，指事情应用what。故填what。 96．what 【详解】考查主语从句。句意：杨利伟成功绕地球飞行后，我们的宇航员渴望做的就是在太空行走。此处缺少主语从句引导词， 从句缺少宾语，应使用关系词what,故填what。 97．that 【详解】考查同位语从句。句意：私家车的普及涉及到一个新问题，即路况需要改善。此处说明problem的内容，应用that引导同位语从句。故填that。 98．when 【详解】考查表语从句。句意：众所周知，春节是一家人团聚并庆祝新年的日子。分析句子结构，空处引导表语从句，在从句中作时间状语，应用when引导从句。故填when。 99．what 【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：在农场外，学生们正在品尝他们从园子里采摘的食物。空处引导宾语从句，从句中的get 缺少宾语，指“采摘的食物”，故填what。 100．what 【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：夏天终于来了，很多家庭都在为他们期望的一个远离日常生活的美好假期做准备。分析句子结构，空格处位于介词for后，引导宾语从句，从句中expect后缺宾语，表示事物，所以填what。故答案为what。 / 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