08 分项突破： 动词时态-2025年高考英语语法填空满分冲刺

动词的时态、语态和主谓一致 全国各地历年高考真题全收录 1、 2025年高考真题 1． 2025．1浙江卷 The concept ___62___ (be) certainly not new — men have been renting good suits for decades — but for female shoppers, it is just taking off. 【答案】62. is 【解析】考查动词时态和主谓一致。主语为单数“concept”，描述一个广泛事实，应用一般现在时，故填is。 2． 2025．1八省联考 Every language is worthy of respect and should 60 （treat） equally. 【答案】60. be treated 【解析】考查动词的时态和语态。句意：每种语言都值得尊重，应该平等对待。此处表达的是被动语态，且“should”后接动词原形，因此填入be treated。 3． 2025．1八省联考 The UN Chinese Language Day not only provides a unique platform for the world to better understand China, but also 62 （promote） language and cultural exchanges in the world. 【答案】62. promotes 【解析】考查动词的时态。句意：它还促进了语言和文化交流。此处描述的是目前的情况，因此使用一般现在时，主语the UN Chinese Language Day为单数，谓语动词用promotes。 2、 2024年高考真题 1． 2024．6新高考1卷 Further, the Silk Route Garden around the greenhouse ____60____ (walk) visitors through a journey influenced by the ancient Silk Road,... 【答案】60. walks 【解析】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：此外，围绕温室的丝绸之路花园带领游客走过一段受古丝绸之路影响的旅程。walk sb. through，意为“带领某人穿过……”，空处为本句谓语动词，根据上文可知，本句时态为一般现在时，主语the Silk Route Garden为单数，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。故填walks。 2． 2024新高考2卷 Some of the things that Tang was writing about ___38___ (be)also Shakespeare’s concerns. 【答案】38. were 【解析】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：“汤显祖所写的一些内容也是莎士比亚所关心的。我碰巧知道汤显祖的戏剧《牡丹亭》在某些方面与《罗密欧与朱丽叶》相似。”这里为本句谓语动词，根据句意以及定语从句时态可知，本句时态为一般过去时；主语为“some of the things”，复数。故填were。 3． 2024新高考2卷 Two years later, a six-meter-tall pavilion, __inspired_40___ (inspire)by The Peony Pavilion, ___41___ (build)at the Firs Garden, just ten minutes’ walk from Shakespeare’s birthplace. 【答案】41. was built 【解析】考查时态和语态。句意：两年后，一座六米高的亭子在菲斯花园落成，该花园距离莎士比亚故居仅十分钟步行路程，其灵感来自《牡丹亭》。这里为本句谓语动词，根据时间状语“Two years later”可知，本句时态为一般过去时；主语为“a six-meter-tall pavilion”，单数，和动词“build”之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态。故填was built。 4． 2024．6全国甲卷 They ____44____(be) part of a 15-member exploring party that had spent almost five awesome weeks in witness of the natural beauties there. 【答案】44. were 【解析】 考查时态。句意：他们是一个由15人组成的探险队的一部分，他们花了近五个星期的时间来见证那里的自然美景。本空前They指代上文提及的四个男人，时间为1870年，同时联系后文had spent的过去完成时可知，本空时态为过去式且为复数形式，故填were。 5． 2024．6全国甲卷 What should ____45____(do) with such a beautiful place? 【答案】45. be done 【解析】考查被动语态。句意：对于这样一个美丽的地方，我们应该做些什么呢？主语what指物，与谓语动词do是被动关系，情态动词should后接be done构成被动语态，故填be done。 6． 2024．6北京卷 When we slow down, we create space to reflect on our thoughts and emotions, which helps us identify important areas of our lives and ___13___ (give) us the opportunity to make right choices. 【答案】13. gives 【解析】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：当我们放慢脚步时，我们会创造空间来反思我们的想法和情绪，这有助于我们确定生活中的重要领域，并给我们做出正确选择的机会。which引导的非限制性定语从句中，根据helps可知，从句使用一般现在时，which指代前边的整个句子，所以从句谓语应用第三人称单数形式gives，gives与helps并列，作并列谓语。故填gives。 7． 2024．6北京卷 On April 5, 2024, John Tinniswood ___15___ (name) the world’s oldest living man. 【答案】15. was named 【解析】考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：2024年4月5日，约翰·廷尼斯伍德被评为世界上在世最长寿的人。根据时间状语On April 5, 2024可知，此处描述过去发生的事，句子应用一般过去时；name与主语John Tinniswood之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，主语John Tinniswood是单数，be动词使用was。故填was named。 8． 2024．6北京卷 I ___20___ (jog) over to him. As I handed him the glasses, he looked at me and said, “Thanks!” 【答案】20. jogged 【解析】考查时态。句意：我很同情他，然后朝他慢跑过去。句中and连接并列句，空处作后句谓语，根据句中went可知，此处描述过去发生的事，句子使用一般过去时，动词使用过去式形式jogged。故填jogged。 9． 2024．1浙江卷 However, though it’s nice to get a few cents off a pack of sausages, it would help even more if they could sometimes ____41____ (offer) in smaller packs. 【答案】41. be offered 【解析】 考查含有情态动词的被动语态。句意：然而，虽然一包香肠能便宜几美分是件好事，但如果有时能以小包装出售，那就更好了。动词offer意为“提供”，和主语构成被动关系，主语they代指前文中的sausages。在情态动词could后动词应用原形。故填be offered。 10． 2024.1浙江卷 Over the last two years, some supermarkets ____42____ (start) selling chicken or salad in packs ____43designed____ (design) with two halves containing separate portions (份). 【答案】 42. have started 【解析】 考查现在完成时。句意：在过去的两年里，一些超市开始销售鸡肉或沙拉包装，设计成两半，拆分成两份。根据“Over the last two years”可知，此处应用现在完成时。动词start意为“开始”。故填have started。 11． 2024.1九省联考 He feels that neat handwriting 57 （be） still an important skill, ... 【答案】57. is 【解析】考查动词时态和主谓一致。根据句意，此处需要一般现在时态，主语为"neat handwriting"，为单数。故填is。 12． 2024.1九省联考 Fountain pens 59 （use） in schools long ago and have been regaining popularity lately because they are refillable . 【答案】59. were used 【解析】考查动词时态和语态。句意：“钢笔59在学校中使用了很长时间，并且最近因为它们是可再填充的而重新流行起来。” 根据句意，此处描述的是过去的事实，且强调被动行为，应使用被动语态的一般过去时。故填were used。 3、 2023年高考真题 1. 2023全国甲卷 Carson proves that a simple lyric form that has been passed down through the ages can still ____50____ (employ) today to draw attention to important truths. 【答案】 be employed 【解析】考查语态。句意：卡森证明了一种简单的抒情形式，已经代代相传，今天仍然可以用来吸引人们对重要真理的关注。从句主语a simple lyric form与employ之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态。情态动词can后接动词原形。故填be employed。 2． 2023新高考全国Ⅱ卷 As a little girl, I ___45___ (wish) to be a zookeeper when I grew up. 【答案】wished 【解析】考查动词时态。句意：作为一个小女孩，我希望长大后成为一名动物园管理员。分析句子结构可知，本句缺少谓语动词，所以wish作本句谓语，和主语I之间是主动关系，根据后文的grew可知用一般过去时。故填wished。 3． 2023年2月四省联考 My secretary called a repairman. To our surprise, the repairman ____43____(be) one of our first homeless students. 【答案】was 【解析】考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：令我们吃惊的是，那个修理工是我们第一批无家可归的学生之一。根据上文的“a couple of weeks ago”可知，此处讲述过去发生的事情，用一般过去时，且主语the repairman是第三人称单数，谓语动词用单数，故填was。 4． 2023年1月浙江卷 Citizens of higher social classes ____59____ (permit)to live closer to the center of the circles. 【答案】 were permitted 【解析】考查动词的被动语态。句意：高等阶层的公民被允许住在离中心地带更近的地方。分析句子结构可知，空格处在句中作谓语，和主语Citizens of higher social classes构成被动关系，因为是对过去事实的陈述应用一般过去时。故填were permitted。\ 5． 2023年1月浙江卷 The large siheyuan of these high-ranking officials and wealthy businessmen often ____60____ (feature)beautifully carved and painted roof beams and pillars(柱子). 【答案】featured 【解析】考查动词时态。句意：这些高级官员和有钱商人的高大的四合院，通常以雕刻精美和被粉刷的房顶横梁和柱子为特点。分析句子结构可知，空格处需要填谓语动词，再结合上下文时态可知，空格处应用一般过去时。故填featured。 6． 2023全国乙卷 ... I ____47____ (amaze) by the co-existence of old and new, and how a city was able to keep such a rich heritage (遗产) while constantly growing. 【答案】was amazed 【解析】考查时态和语态。句意：在过去的10年里，我多次访问北京，我惊讶于这里的新旧共存，惊讶于一个城市如何在不断发展的同时保持如此丰富的文化遗产。这里为本句谓语动词，根据下文“how a city was able to keep such a rich heritage (遗产) while constantly growing.”可知，本句用一般过去时；主语I和动词amaze之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态。故填was amazed。 7． 2023全国乙卷 ... _____50_____ (mean) there is always something new to discover here, and I could be photographing Beijing for the next 50 years. 【答案】means 【解析】考查时态。句意：这座城市的显著发展，在有意识地保护过去的同时步入现代世界，意味着这里总是有新的东西等待发现，我可以在接下来的50年里一直拍摄北京。这里为本句谓语动词，根据上下文可知，本句时态为一般现在时；主语为“development”，单数，所以谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填means。 4、 2022年高考真题 1．（2022新高考I卷） The plan will extend protection to a significant number of areas that __________ (be)previously unprotected, 【答案】were 【解析】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：该计划将把保护范围扩大到大量以前未受保护的地区，将许多现有的大熊猫保护区纳入一个管理机构，以提高效率，减少管理上的不一致性。设空处在that引导的限制性定语从句中作谓语，先行词为a significant number of areas，先行词在从句中作主语，根据“previously (之前地)”可知从句的时态应为一般过去时，根据主谓一致，从句主语复数，从句谓语复数形式。故填were。 2．（2022新高考I卷） After a three-year pilot period, the GPNP will be officially set up next year. The GPNP __________ (design)to reflect the guiding principle of “protecting the authenticity and integrity(完整性)of natural ecosystems, preserving biological diversity, protecting ecological buffer zones, and leaving behind precious natural assets(资产)for future generations”. 【答案】is designed 【解析】考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：GPNP旨在体现“保护自然生态系统的真实性和完整性，保护生物多样性，保护生态缓冲区，为子孙后代留下宝贵的自然资产”的指导原则。设空处在句中作谓语，和句子的主语The GPNP之间为被动关系；叙述客观事实，应用一般现在时。故设空处应为一般现在时的被动语态，主语单数，谓语单数形式。故填is designed。 3（2022全国甲卷） In the last five years, Cao ___________ (walk) through 34 countries in six continents 【答案】has walked 【解析】考查动词时态。句意：在过去五年中，曹操穿越了六大洲的34个国家，2016年，他到达了乞力马扎罗山顶，这是非洲最高的山峰。根据时间状语in the last five years可知，此处应用现在完成时，主语Cao为第三人称单数，助动词用has。故填has walked。 4．（2022全国乙卷） The chairman of the China Culture Promotion Society ___________ (address) the opening ceremony. 【答案】addressed 【解析】考查时态。句意：中国文化促进会会长在开幕式上致辞。陈述过去事情，用一般过去时。故填addressed。 5（2022年浙江卷1月） Travelling to conferences, lectures, workshops, and the like frequently by plane ________（view） as important for scientists to get together and exchange information. 【答案】is viewed或has been viewed 【解析】考查被动语态。句意：对科学家而言，旅行去参加会议、讲座、工作室之类的地方来相聚并交流信息这件事被视为是重要的。描述人们普遍认知的事情用一般现在时，此处也可以表示强调人们从过去到现在的认知，动名词作主语与主谓之间存在被动关系，故填is viewed或has been viewed。 6（2022年浙江卷1月） But Cobb and others ________ （be） now questioning that idea pushing conferences to provide more chances to participate remotely, and ________（change） their personal behavior to do their part in dealing with the climate change crisis. 【答案】are；changing 【解析】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：但是现在Cobb和其他人正在质疑那个想法，推动会议提供更多远程参加的机会以及为了尽自己的能力来应对气候变化危机，他们正在改变他们的个人行为。第一空：根据句意可知，此处也应使用现在进行时，主语为复数，故填are。第二空：分析句子结构可知，此处and连接并列的动词questioning和change，故填changing。 7（2022年浙江卷1月） On a website called No Fly Climate Sci, for example, roughly 200 academics —many of them climate scientists __________ （promise） to fly as little as possible since the effort started two years ago. 【答案】have promised 【解析】考查时态。句意：例如，在一个叫“无飞行科学家”的网站上，自从两年前成立以来，大约有200个学者，他们中很多人承诺尽可能少飞行。根据时间状语“since+过去时间”可知主句应使用现在完成时，故填have promised。 8．（2022年新高考2卷） Henry ___42___ (fix) his car when he heard the screams. 【答案】42. was fixing 【解析】 【解析】考查谓语动词。句意：听到尖叫声时，亨利正在修车。根据句子结构，设空处应该填写谓语动词。根据空后的when he heard the screams，可知，设空处的动作是正在发生的，同时该句描述的是过去的事实。故使用过去进行时。fix为动词，意为“修理”，其过去进行时为was fixing。故填was fixing。 9．（2022年新高考2卷）He looked up and saw Eric hanging from the balcony. He quickly ___43___ (throw) his tools aside, and started running, arms out. 【答案】 43. threw 【解析】考查谓语动词过去式。句意：他迅速把工具扔到一边，伸出胳膊跑了起来。根据句子结构，设空处与空后的and started构成并且结构。故应该使用一般过去时。throw为动词，意为“扔”，过去时为threw。故填threw。 5、 2021年高考真题 1．（2021．6新高考1卷 语法填空） What comes next is the endless series of steps. You can't help wondering how hard it      6      (be) for the people then to put all those rocks into place. 【答案】was 【解析】考查动词时态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，此处应该填谓语动词。根据空后的提示词then可知，表示当时的情况，故此处谓语动词应用一般过去时；从句主语为it，是第三人称单数形式。故填was。 2．（2021．6 浙江卷 语法填空） After Lincoln was elected President of the US in 1861, they rented the house and      10      (sell) most of their furniture. 【答案】sold 【解析】考查一般过去时。句意：1861年，林肯被选举为国家总统后，他们租了房子并且卖掉了大部分的家具。rent和sold为并列谓语，用and连接，所以都用一般过去时。 3．（2021．6全国甲卷 语法填空） It      1      (build) originally to protect the city in the Tang dynasty and has now been completely restored（修复）. 【答案】was built ; 【解析】考查动词的时态/语态以及主谓一致。根据句子结构可知，空格填写谓语动词， 又因it指代前面The Xi'an City Wall，和build是被动关系，且是在 the Tang dynasty被建立，故用过去式的被动语态。本句句意：它最初是在唐代为保护这座城市而建的，现在已经完全修复。故填was built。 4．（2021．6全国甲卷 语法填空） We      6      (hire) our bikes from the rental place at the South Gate. 【答案】hired 【解析】考查动词的时态。根据句子的结构可知空格应该填写谓语动词，根据后文My bike was old可知， 应该为过去的时态，主语为we, 为主动语态，故填hired。 5．（2021．6 浙江卷 语法填空） It doesn't impress like George Washington's plantation on the Pohomac, but Lincoln's home in downtown Springfield, Illinois,      1      (prove) irresistible to visitors since it opened to the publie.  【答案】has proved 或 has proven 【解析】考查现在完成时。结合句中since一词，可以判断句子的谓语应该用现在完成时。句意：自从它开放后，林肯的家已经证明是让游客们不可抵挡地想去参观的。 6．（2021．6 浙江卷 语法填空） Mary's niece wrote, pretty, "The little home      5      (paint) white. 【答案】was painted 【解析】考查一般过去时的被动语态。句意：这个小房子被粉刷成白色。房子被粉刷，所以用被动。动作发生在过去，所以用一般过去时。 7．（2021．1 浙江卷 语法填空） It is calculated by dividing a person’s weight in kg by their height in meters squared, and a BMI of between 19 and 25      4      (consider) healthy. 【答案】is considered 【解析】考查被动语态。句意：介于19-25的BMI数值被认为是健康的。分析句子结构a BMI of between 19 and 25   (consider) healthy.可知 Consider做谓语，主语是单数，根据句意谓语动词应为被动且时态为一般现在时，故答案为 is considered。 8．（2021．1 浙江卷 语法填空） In cities, however, the gain      6      (be) 1.3 in women and 1.6 in men. 【答案】was 【解析】考查系动词。句意：然而在城市里，女人增长数值是1.3，男人增长为1.6。分析句子结构可知主the gain是单数且该句陈述过去研究数据时态为一般过去时，故答案为was。 9．（2021．3 天津卷 单选） We            quite enough work for the morning; now let's take a break. A. have done B. will do C. had done D. were doing 【答案】A 【解析】考查时态。句意：今天上午我们做的工作够多的了，现在让我们休息一下吧。根据后半句"now let's take a break."可知，做很多工作这件事情是从过去某个时间开始一直到现在，应用现在完成时。故选A。 10.（2021.3 天津卷 单选） Currently, about 35, 000 works            in over 300 rooms in the Louvre, and it would take a lifetime to see everything. A. were displaying B. are displaying C. were being displayed D. are being displayed 【答案】D 【解析】考查时态和语态。句意：目前，大约有35000件作品陈列在卢浮宫的300多个展室里，要看完所有的展品恐怕要花一辈子的时间。根据本空前的Currently可知，应该用现在进行时。又因为display与主语works之间为被动关系，所以用现在进行时的被动形式。故选：D。 11.（2021新高考II卷）Whenever I heard of businesses using plastic, I'd send an email. One of the biggest companies I wrote to _______________ (be) Alaska Airlines Paris. 【答案】was 【解析】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：我给写信的最大的公司之一是巴黎阿拉斯加航空公司。 根据定语从句的谓语动词“wrote” 可知这里描述发生在过去的事情，用一般过去时；one of + 形容词最高级 + 可数名词复数结构中，谓语动词用单数，所以填was。 12.（2021年浙江卷1月）The study found that between 1985 and 2017, average rural BMI increased by 2.1 in women and men. In cities, however, the gain ____41____ (be) 1. 3 in women and 1. 6 in men. 【答案】was 【解析】考查主谓一致和动词时态。句意：然而，在城市中，女性增加了1.3，男性增加了1.6。分析句子结构可知，句子缺少谓语，主语（gain）是单数，时态是一般过去时，故填was。 13.（2021年北京卷）As it ________ (connect) things，your brain turns them into a story, and you get a dream． 答案: connects 【解析】考查时态。句意：当它连接事物时，你的大脑将它们变成一个故事，然后你就得到了一个梦。由主句谓语动词turns可知，空处从句的谓语动词需用一般现在时态，主语是第三人称单数it，所以空处谓语动词需用单数。故填connects。 14.（2021年北京卷）There __________(be) a dramatic rise in the number of extreme weather events over the past 20 years, causing largely by rising global temperatures, according to a new report from the United Nations． 【答案】has been 【解析】考查动词时态。句意：根据联合国的一份新报告，过去20年里，极端天气事件的数量急剧增加，这在很大程度上是由全球气温上升造成的。根据时间状语over the past 20 years可知，此处使用现在完成时，a dramatic rise是单数感念，助动词应用第三人称单数形式。故填has been。 6、 2020年高考真题 1．（2020·新高考I卷语法填空）The unmanned Chang’e-4 probe (探测器)—the name was inspired by an ancient Chinese moon goddess 61． (touch) down last week in the South Pole-Aitken basin. 【答案】touched 【解析】考查时态。句意：无人月球探测器嫦娥四号——名字的灵感来源于古代的中国月亮女神——上周在南极艾特肯盆地着陆。此处是句子的谓语，根据时间状语last week可知应使用一般过去时，故填touched。 2．（2020·新高考I卷语法填空）＂This really excites scientists,＂ Carle Pieters, a scientist at Brown University, says, ＂because it 67． (mean) we have the chance to obtain information about how the moon 68． (construct) .＂ 67.【答案】means 【解析】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：“这真的使科学家们激动，”布朗大学的一位科学家Carle Pieters说：“因为它意味着我们有机会获得月球是如何构造的信息。”根据上文“This really excites scientists”可知，此处也使用一般现在时，主语是it，所以空处谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式means，故填means。 68．【答案】is constructed 【解析】考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意同上。分析句子可知，此处是宾语从句谓语动词，谓语construct与主语the moon之间是被动关系，应使用被动语态，再由上下文可知此处应使用一般现在时，主语the moon是单数，故填is constructed。 3．（2020·江苏卷单项填空）Instead of getting down to a new task as I _____, he examined the previous work again． A. had expected B. have expected C. would expect D. expect 【答案】A 【解析】考查动词时态。句意:他没有像我所期望的那样着手做新工作，而是又检查了一遍以前的工作。此处描述的动作发生在examined之前，属于“过去的过去”，应使用过去完成时。故选A。 4．（2020·新高考III卷语法填空）The artist was sure he would63．(choose), but when he presented his masterpiece to the emperor’s chief minister, the old nan laughed. 【答案】be chosen 【解析】考查动词语态。句意：画家确信他会被选中，但是当他把他的杰作送给皇帝的宰相时，这位老人笑了。本句中主语he与谓语动词choose构成被动关系，且would后跟动词原形。故填be chosen。 5．（2020·新高考III卷语法填空） 65（When/As） he asked the villagers on the banks of the river where he could find the legendary (传奇的) artist, they smiled and 66． (point) down the river. 【答案】pointed 【解析】考查动词时态。句意：当他问河岸上的村民，他在哪里可以找到这位传奇艺术家时，他们笑着指着河的下游。根据上文they smiled and可知此处应用一般过去时。故填pointed。 6．（2020·浙江卷语法填空）And，as more children were born，more food 59．(need). 【答案】was needed 【解析】考查时态语态。句意：随着越多的小孩出生，越多的食物被需要。分析句子，逻辑主语和need之间表示被动逻辑。同时此处描述的是过去的时间，所以时态应用过去时。故此处应用过去时的被动语态。food为不可数名词。故填was needed。 7．（2020·浙江卷语法填空）By about 6000 BC，people 61． (discover)the best crops to grow and animals to raise. 【答案】had discovered 【解析】考查时态。句意：大约在公元前6000年，人们已经发现了最适宜种植的庄稼和最适宜饲养的牲畜。分析句子，简单句中除了提示词外无其余动词，故此处需用动词的时态。逻辑主语和提示词之间表示主动逻辑。by + 过去时间 译为“到……为止”，后面的句子用过去完成时。故填had discovered. 8．（2020·浙江卷语法填空）New methods 65． (mean)that fewer people worked in farming. 【答案】meant 【解析】考查时态。句意：新方法意味着更少的人从事农业。分析句子，主句部分无其他动词，故此处需填时态。文章的整体时态是过去时，根据时态一致原则此处也应为过去时。逻辑主语和动词之间表示主动关系。所以此处填过去时的主动形式。故填meant。 9．（2020·山东卷语法填空）The 80,000 objects collected by Sir Hans Sloane, for example, 38． (form) the core collection of the British Museum 39（which/that） opened in 1759. 【答案】formed 【解析】考查动词时态。句意:例如，汉斯•斯隆爵士的8万件藏品构成了1759年开馆的大英博物馆的核心藏品。此处是谓语动词，根据时间状语in1759可知，应使用一般过去时。故填formed。 10.（2020·山东卷语法填空） The parts of a museum open to the public 40． (call) galleries or rooms. 【答案】are called 【解析】考查动词时态及语态。句意:博物馆对公众开放的部分被称为画廊或展厅。此处描述的是客观使用，应使用一般现在时；主语与call是逻辑动宾关系，应使用被动语态，且主语是复数概念。故填are called。 11．（2020·天津卷单项填空） —You are a great swimmer. —Thanks. It’s because I ______ a lot these days. A．have been practising B．was practising C．would practise D．had practised 【答案】A 【解析】考查时态。句意：——你游泳很棒。——谢谢。这是因为这些天我一直在练习。根据时间状语these days(这些天)可知，“练习游泳”从数天前开始，一直持续到现在，因此该句应用现在完成进行时态。故选A。 12．（2020·天津卷单项填空） The number of medical schools reached 18 in the early 1990s and ______ around that level since. A．are remaining B．have remained C．is remaining D．has remained 【答案】D 【解析】考查时态和主谓一致。句意:20世纪90年代初，医学院的数量达到了18所，此后一直保持在这个水平。ever since“从那以后”作时间状语，句子用现在完成时态。主语为the number of medical schools，the number of表示“……的数目”，中心词是number，所以是单数，作主语时，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。综上，故选D。 13.（2020·江苏卷单项填空） If you look at all sides of the situation, you’ll find probably a solution that ______ everyone. A. suit B. suited C. suits D. has suited 【答案】C 【解析】考查动词时态。句意：如果你从各个方面看问题，你可能会找到一个适合每个人的解决方案。句子描述的客观事实，应使用一般现在时；此处是定语从句谓语动词，先行词是a solution，从句谓语动词应使用第三人称单数形式。故选C。 14.（2020新高考II卷）This is why decorating with plants, fruits and flowers ___________ (carry) special significance. 【答案】carries 【解析】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：这就是为什么用植物、水果和鲜花装饰具有特殊意义的原因。这是一个表语从句，从句主语为动名词短语decorating with plants, fruits and flowers，所以谓语动词用单数形式。 15.（2020山东卷）Often, only a small part of a museum’s collection ______ (be) on display．Most of it is stored away or used for research. 【答案】is 【解析】考查主谓一致。句意:通常，博物馆只展出一小部分藏品。此处描述的是客观事实，应使用一般现在时，主语a small part of a museum’s collection是单数概念，谓语动词应使用第三人称单数形式，且后面的Most of it is stored away or used for research.中的is也是提示。故填is。 16.（2020北京卷）Oliver is a host of a TV programme on food．He says food___ ___(play) a big role in his life. 【答案】plays/has played/is playing/has been playing 【解析】考查时态。句意：他说食物在他的生命中扮演着重要角色。此处表示现在的状态，也可以表示从过去一直到现在延续的状态，所以可以用现在时，现在进行时，现在完成时和现在完成进行时。故填plays/has played/is playing/has been playing。 17.（2020北京卷）Single-use plastic bags are used at most a few times before they___ __(throw) away. 【答案】are thrown 【解析】考查时态语态。句意：一次性塑料袋在扔掉之前最多使用几次。本文讲的是客观事实，应该用一般现在时，主语they（Single-use plastic bags ）和谓语动词throw之间是被动关系，应用一般现在时的被动语态，且谓语动词用复数形式。故填are thrown。 18.（2020浙江卷1月）Something significant is happening to the world population-it is aging．The median(中位数的)age of an American in 1950______(be)30—today it is 41 and is expected to increase to 42 by 2050. 【答案】was 【解析】考查动词时态。句意：1950年美国人的中年年龄是30岁，今天是41岁，预计到2050年将增加到42岁。结合上文in 1950可知应用一般过去时，且主语为The median age of an American，故谓语动词应用第三人称单数。故填was。 19.（2020浙江卷1月）However, greater attention should______(place)on longevity(长寿). 【答案】be placed 【解析】考查动词时态语态。句意：然而，更多的关注应放在寿命上。本句中主语与谓语动词构成被动关系，且should后跟动词原形，故填be placed。 7、 2019年高考真题 1．【2019·江苏卷·单项填空】 The musician along with his band members ___________ ten performances in the last three months. A. gives B. has given C. have given D. give 【答案】B 【解析】考查现在完成时与主谓一致。句意：在过去的三个月里，这名音乐家与他的乐队成员已经完成了十场演出。由“in the last three months”可知，这句话的时态为现在完成时，故排除AD选项。本句主语为the musician，为第三人称单数形式，句中的“along with his band members”是附加成分，故谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式。故选B。 2．【2019·江苏卷·单项填空】 A few months after he had arrived in China, Mr. Smith ___________ in love with the people and culture there. A. would fall B. had fallen C. has fallen D. fell 【答案】D 【解析】考查动词的时态。句意：他到中国几个月后，就喜欢上了那里的人和文化。发生在had arrived之后的动作或状态应用一般过去时。故选D。 3．【2019·江苏卷·单项填空】 They are trying to make sure that 5G terminals_________ by 2022 for the Beijing Winer Olympics. A. will install B. will have been installed C. are installed D. have been installed 【答案】B 【解析】考查时态和语态。句意：他们正努力确保在2022年北京冬奥会之前安装5G终端。表示在将来某一时间以前已经完成或一直持续的动作，用将来完成时。“5G终端”和“安装”之间是被动关系，用被动语态，故选B。 4．【2019·天津卷·单项填空】 I __________ to send Peter a gift to congratulate him on his marriage，but I couldn't manage it. A. had hoped B. am hoping C. have hoped D. would hope 【答案】A 【解析】考查过去完成时。句意：我本来计划在Peter结婚时送他一个礼物的，可是我没有做到。第二个分句中“couldn’t”用的是一般过去时，它之前的动作用过去完成时。故选A。 5．【2019·天津卷·单项填空】 Amy, as well as her brothers, ____________ a warm welcome when returning to the village last week. A. is given B. are given C. was given D. were given 【答案】C 【解析】本题考查时态、语和主谓一致态。句意：艾米和他的兄弟们当上周回到村里时，受到了热烈的欢迎。根据last week可知应用过去时，排除选项A和B。as well as连接并列主语，谓语动词就前原则。这句话真正的主语是Amy，她受到热烈欢迎，所以用过去时的被动。故选C。 6．【2019·新高考I卷·语法填空】 Of the nineteen recognized polar bear subpopulations, three are declining, six ___70___ (be) stable, one is increasing, and nine lack enough data. 【答案】are 【解析】时态和考查主谓一致。根据three are declining，此处数词six作主语，代指前文中的“polar bear subpopulations”，故用复数谓语，一般现在时，故填are。 7．【2019·新高考II卷·语法填空】 Picking up her“Lifetime Achievement”award，proud Irene ___64___(declare) she had no plans __to retire__ (retire) from her 36-year-old business. 【答案】declared 【解析】考查谓语动词的时态。根据上下文可知，该句主语为Irene，此处为谓语成分，根据后文had 以及said 可知用一般过去时态，故填declared。 8．【2019·新高考II卷·语法填空】 I don't see any reason to give up work. I love coming here and seeing my family and all the friends I ___66___(make) over the years 【答案】have made 【解析】考查动词的时态。根据该定语从句中的时间状语“over the years”可知，此处用现在完成时态，句意：我喜欢到这里来看看我的家人和我这些年来交到的朋友们。故填have made。 9．【2019·新高考III卷·语法填空】 Our hosts shared many of their experiences and___65___(recommend)wonderful places to eat，shop，and visit. For breakfast，we were able to eat papaya(木瓜)and other fruits from their trees in the backyard. 【答案】recommended。 【解析】考查一般过去时。句意：我们的主人跟我们分享了很多他们的经历并推荐了一些很好的吃饭、购物和参观的地方。“and”前后两个动作“shared”与“recommended”是并列关系，时态一致。故填recommended。 10.【2019·新高考III卷·语法填空】On the last day of our week-long stay，we ___69___(invite)to attend a private concert on a beautiful farm on the North Shore under the stars 【答案】were invited。 【解析】考查动词的时态和语态。由“on the last day of our week-long stay”可知，句子时态为一般过去时。根据句意：我们被邀请去参加一场私人音乐会，所以用被动语态。主语为we，故填were invited。 11.（2019新高考I卷）In recent years some Inuit people in Nunavut ________ (report) increases in bear sightings around human settlements 【答案】has reported 【解析】考查时态。根据上下文语境，尤其是时间状语in recent years可知，主句用现在完成时态，故填have reported。 12.（2019浙江卷）When every pupil in the school wears the uniform, nobody ______(have) to worry about fashion(时尚)． 【答案】will have/has 【解析】考查时态。句意：当每个学生在校穿校服时，没有人会担心时尚问题。本句是when引导的时间状语从句，遵循主将从现原则，因此，主句可以使用将来时will do；根据语境可知，本文叙述的是客观事实，因此，本句亦可用一般现在时，主语是nobody，谓语用has。故填will have/has。 13.（2019浙江卷）When the children are walking or ______(cycle) to school on dark mornings, car drivers can easily see them. 【答案】were invited 【解析】考查动词时态。句意：当孩子们在黑暗的早晨步行或骑车上学时，汽车司机很容易看到它们。or连接两个并列成分，根据or前的walking可知，此处要用cycling。故填cycling。 14.（2019浙江卷）One study in America found that students’ grades ______(improve) a little after the school introduced uniforms． 【答案】improved 【解析】考查时态。句意：美国的一项研究发现，在学校引入校服后，学生的成绩有所提高。本句是after引导的时间状语从句，前后时态保持一致，从句使用了一般过去时，主句用一般过去式。故填improved。 15.（2019北京卷）On the first day of my first grade, I stood by the door with butterflies in my stomach．I ______(voice) my biggest concern to my mother. 【答案】voiced 【解析】考查时态。句意：我向妈妈表达了我最大的担忧，“我将如何交朋友？”此处的voice是动词，“表达”的意思，作谓语。叙述的是一年级的事情，用一般过去时。故填voiced。 16.（2019北京卷）Does the name of the college you attend really matter? Research on the question ______(suggest) that, for most students, it doesn’t． 【答案】suggests/suggested/has suggested 【解析】考查时态。句意：对于这个问题的研究表明，对于大多数学生来说，它不重要。这里表示研究的客观结果，所以用一般现在时，一般过去时或现在完成时均可，故填suggests/suggested/has suggested。 2018年真题 48（2018新高考I卷）While running regularly can’t make you live forever，the review says it ____________ (be)more effective at lengthening life than walking, cycling or swimming. 【答案】is 【解析】考查时态和主谓一致。主语为it，所以用第三人称单数谓语。 49（2018新高考II卷）Since 2011, the country __________(grow) more corn than rice. 【答案】has grown 【解析】考查时态。since 2011 是现在完成时标志，故答案为has grown。 50（2018新高考II卷）The Chinese Ministry of Agriculture finds that between 2005—when the government _________ (start) a soil-testing program that gives specific fertilizer recommendations to farmers—and 2011, fertilizer use dropped by 7.7 million tons. 【答案】started 【解析】考查时态。描述过去的事情，所以用一般过去时态。 51（2018新高考III卷）True to a gorilla's unaggressive nature, the huge animal __________(mean) me no real harm. 【答案】meant 【解析】考查时态，描述过去的事情，所以用一般过去时态。 52（2018浙江卷）I still remember visiting a friend who’d lived here for five years and I ________(shock) when I learnt she hadn’t cooked once in all that time. 【答案】was shocked 【解析】考查时态和语态。此处表示我被震惊了。shock的主语是I，两者关系是被动，动作发生在过去。故填was shocked。 53（2018浙江卷）While regularly eating out seems to ________(become) common for many young people in recent years, it’s not without a cost. 【答案】have become 【解析】考查动词时态。根据时间状语in recent years可知，用现在完成时，seems to后用动词原形，故填have become。 54（2018北京卷） —Hi, I’m Peter. Are you new here? I haven’t seen you around? —Hello, Peter. I’m Bob. I just ________ on Monday. A. start B. have started C. started D. had started 【答案】C 【解析】本题考查时态。根据两人谈话内容可知，Bob现在在这儿，他开始(start)住在这儿是发生在周一的事情，周一是一个过去的时间，故该句应用一般过去时态。结合句意：——你是新来的吗？我没有在附近见过你。——你好，彼得。我是鲍勃。我周一刚刚开始住在这儿。故选C。 55（2018北京卷） Susan had quit her well-paid job and _________ as a volunteer in the neighborhood when I visited her last year. A. is working B. was working C. has worked D. had worked 【答案】B 【解析】考查时态。句意：Susan已经辞去了高薪的工作。去年当我探望她的时候，她正在一个社区里做志愿者。Susan辞职发生在她当志愿者之前，had quit是过去完成时态，过去完成时态通俗的说就是“过去的过去”，且结合时间状语when I visited her last year可知，Susan做志愿者是过去的某个时间段发生的情况，故该空应用过去进行时态。B选项正确。 56（2018北京卷）China’s high-speed railways _________ from 9,000 to 25,000 kilometers in the past few years. A. are growing B. have grown C. will grow D. had grown 【答案】B 【解析】考查时态。句意：在过去的几年里，中国的高速铁路已经从9,000公里增长到25,000公里。该句时间状语为in the past few years。中国高速铁路的增长是从过去一直到现在几年里的情况，故该句应用现在完成时态。B选项正确。 57（2018北京卷）A rescue worker risked his life saving two tourists who ________ in the mountains for two days. A. are trapping B. have been trapped C. were trapping D. had been trapped 【答案】D 【解析】考查语态和时态。句意：一个救援人员冒着生命危险挽救了两个被困在山里两天的旅游者。“who ___ in the mountains for two days”是定语从句，修饰two tourists，two tourists和trap之间是被动关系，该空应用被动语态。由risked可知，营救人员救游客是过去的事情，被困两天发生在营救人员救了他们之前，即“过去的过去”，该空应用过去完成时态。综上，D选项正确。 综合模拟演练 1．Lily is missing her parents since it is the first time that she ________(be) away from home for such a long time． 2．He ________ (pressure) the button to call the lift just now． 3．He describes what houses ________ (look) like in thirty years． 4．When the artificial flowers ________ (contrast) with natural ones, you can hardly tell the difference． 5．Magic, the miniature horse, ________ (win) many awards for her work so far． 6．This is the first time that I ________ (hear) such strange things ! 7．Last month, I ________ (take) part in the sports meeting in our school． 8．By 2021, the number of adult English speakers in Asia ________(reach) 350 million． 9．I________ (do) some voluntary work at the local hospital the other day, hoping to make a difference to others’ lives． 10．What is the matter with the guy, who has been________ (wander) for two hours by now? 11．Shouting and pushing, the farmer _________(force) the pig into the pig cage finally． 12．On the first day of primary school, some little kids ________ (escape) again and again from their seats． 13．It was not until Lucy was to leave that he realized he ________ (fall) in love with her． 14．If the trend continues, by 2020, the world ________(lose) two-thirds of its vertebrate biodiversity． 15．Family-friendly facilities ________(develop) in the following years． 16．The reason why many people unconsciously “tune out” their family members or close friends is that they think they already know what the other person  _______ (say)． 17．The week I turned 50, my marriage came to a sudden end．My house, furniture and everything I _______(own) was sold to pay debts that I didn’t know existed． 18．Jason set up a plan that in five years he ________ (show) his work in the top gallery in that area of the country． 19．The old scientist used to say that knowledge ______(come) from practice and he gained his experience by doing a lot of practical work． 20．The area in which Town of Ask ________(locate) is known to have a lot of quick clay, which can change from solid to liquid from．Previous landslides have been reported in the region． 21．Johnathan, as well as his fellow workers, ________ (resign) from the company since it announced its transformation plan． 22．The famous musician, as well as his students, _____ (be) invited to perform at the opening ceremony last year． 23．When it comes to this question, not only you but also she _____ (turn) out to be wrong． 24．We each have strong points and each of us, on the other hand, _____ (have) weak points． 25．Don’t call Mr．Wang at nine tomorrow．He________(listen) to a lecture on the reform of the college entrance examination． 26．Besides high-speed rail, China ______ (improve )people’s lives in many other innovative (创新的) ways over the last decade． 27．Born in Hangzhou, Mr．Ma________ ( begin) his career as an English teacher before he became one of the billionaires． 28．Since the start of Reform and Opening-up, Shenzhen ________ (grow) from a small fishing village to a modern city． 29．One day, she________ (wake) up and found a flying carpet which took her to many places． 30．The Edinburgh International Book Festival ________ (take) place every year in Charlotte Square in the center of Edinburgh. 31．There _______(be) a dramatic rise in the number of extreme weather events over the past 20 years． 32．Many of the climate scientists ________ (promise) to fly as little as possible since the effort started two years ago． 33．Friendship _________(need) care and attention to keep it in good health．(用所给词的适当形式填空) 34．Since the first Earth Day in 1970, Americans_________(get) a lot “greener” toward the environment． 35．Some language experts believe that 10,000 years ago, when the world had just five to ten million people, they _________(speak) perhaps 12,000 languages between them． 36．When the the world was still populated by hunter-gatherers, small, tightly knit (联系) groups _________(develop) their own patterns of speech independent of each other． 37．The average number of electronic devices _________(rise) from four per household in 1992 to 13 in 2007． 38．Ever since her childhood, Ginni, now 71, _________(have) a deep love for travel． 39．The next step, according to the researchers, is to try and work out whether the cockatoos _________(rely) entirely on visual clues (线索), or also use a sense of touch in making their shape selections． 40．The medicine________ (prove) vital for reducing fever and helping stop pain over these years. 41．The oven in her kitchen________ (give) off a sweet smell．Do you know what she is cooking? 42．I guess that you________ (use) the computer a lot recently．You should rest your eyes more often． 43．I ________(think) about what you said… and I think you’re probably right． 44．Ⅰ________ (expect) the movie to end happily, but actually it has a sad ending． 45．As the children are older now, we ________(think) of moving to a bigger house． 46．The company ________ (launch) an advertising campaign to promote its corporate image． 47．He finally ________(finish) the research paper under his tutor’s guidance． 48．My nephew Sam ________ (collect) comic books since he was five．Now he has more than two hundred of them． 49．She ______ (arise) at 6 o’clock as usual, but she suddenly realized it was Sunday as she prepared her schoolbag．(根据汉语提示单词拼写) 50．The crazy fans ________ (wait) in line since 7 pm and they would wait till the movie star arrived． 51．When I graduated from high school, I _______________ (bless) with the opportunity to be the first person in my family to attend college． 52．I was lucky because that was the second time that I _______________ (visit) Russia． 53．A survey shows that 80% of the middle-aged in this city ________(be) in favour of the proposal on health care reform． 54．Finally, we all _______(agree) that the wall newspaper would be the best choice．The next day, we put our idea into reality． 55．China_______ (become) the third country to independently send astronauts into space in 2003 when Yang Liwei orbited Earth in the Shenzhou-5 spacecraft．However Shenzhou V is not designed for the environment of deep space． 56．I’ll always remember the woman who gave me tissues while I was crying on the train．I ________ (try) so hard to calm down when she handed me the tissues． 57．Until now, it ________(become) an essential tool to guide the agricultural production in China．And its charm and value have been increasingly recognized by the public． 58．Life teaches us not to regret over yesterday, for it ________(pass) and is beyond our control. 59．China _______(launch) its first human spaceflight mission in more than three years successfully, placing into orbit a spacecraft carrying two astronauts that will dock with a new space laboratory module． 60．It is always the case that the police conducted an investigation and look at the evidence that may suggest who ________(commit) the offence． 61．Alan Greenspan, once reported as a financial god, had to admit that he _______ (make) some serious mistakes． 62．I ______(write) a report about the environment here over the last few days, which I have to hand in next week． 63．It is the 20th time in history that Chinese women’s table tennis team _________(win) the honorable award--M Corbillon Cup(考比伦杯)． 64．During my last summer holiday, I ________(go) to the countryside to enjoy myself． 65．On the bus, I ________(find)a woman with a cute baby standing beside me and having difficulty holding on to the grab pole． 66．He seemed confidence, although he ________(have) failed his first road test． 67．Last Saturday, eight students from school________( pay) a visit to the knowledge of Science and Technology Museum． 68．I hope Jack’s health ______ (improve) greatly by the time we go back to school this September． 69．I _______(have) written many compositions before that but none of them had been chosen to be read before the class． 70．Up to now, over 2,500,000 photos posted by 3,500 people from over 40 countries _______(find) their way to Litterati’s digital landfill． 71．Since alcohol could increase warm blood flow in the skin, last month, the researchers in a study________(suggest) that people should reach for booze(豪饮) when it’s cold outside． 72．China has led other developing countries and even some developed ones in this field since the first high-speed train ________ (come) into use in 2008． 73．It ________ (consist) of 18 different ramps，in 8 directions，on five different layers，with the highest one standing 37 meters above ground． 74．For many years, whisky has been one of the most popular drinks all over the world, and Scotland ________ (produce) more and more of it so far． 75．She is a famous lawyer in New York now, but nobody knows she ________(do) part-time jobs everywhere to make a living for six years． 76．In Tsinghua, he met his wife Yang Jiang, who was to become a successful playwright and translator, and _______ (marry) her in 1935． 77．Follow the instructions on the packet when you take the drug, and the drug, I think, ________ (work) soon． 78．Mr．Smith was writing a book about China last year but I don’t know whether he ________ (finish) it now． 79．A survey shows that 80 of the middle-aged in this city ________ (be) in favour of the proposal on health care reform． 80．He looked up and saw Eric hanging from the balcony．He quickly ________ (throw) his tools aside, and started running, arms out． 81．By about 6,000 BC, people ________(discover) the best crops to grow and animals to raise.   82．Don’t worry．It is not the first time Xiamen________(host) international competitions． 83．When and where to start the programs ____________(remain) unknown． 84．George said that he _____________(come) to school to see me the next day, but he didn’t． 85．Our teacher once told me light _________(travel) much faster than sound． 86．That was the first time she ________ (leave) alone at home during the weekends, bored to death． 87．An iron and steel works, with some satellite factories, _______ (be) to be built here． 88．The summer holiday is coming and we each ______(be) ready for the picnic in the past weeks． 89．The police ________(search) for the murderer everywhere when he suddenly appeared in a theatre． 90．As you can see, the number of cars on our roads ________(keep) rising these days． 91．Anyone who ___________(want) to see the film should put up your hands． 92．The teacher said, “Jerry, I hope you __________(be) more careful next time.” 93．Now it __________(occur) to him that his farm had much potential and that the death of the cow was a bit of luck． 94．Search the website of the Fire Department in your city, and you ________(learn) a lot about firefighting 95．I ________ (mean) to offer you a hand, but I was otherwise engaged then． 96．My elder brother graduated in 2021, by which time two of his books ________ (come) out． 97．He worked there through his university years until 1942, a year after he _________________ (gain) a Master’s degree at university in chemistry． 98．The harder you work, the greater progress you ________(make)． 99．Languages _________（come）and going for thousands of years，but in recent times there has been less coming and a lot more going． 100．One morning I __________ (spot) a lost lamb when I was in the top field, near where a motorway cuts through my land. 1．has been 【详解】考查固定句型。句意：莉莉很想念她的父母，因为这是她第一次离开家这么长时间。it/this is the first/second...time that+从句，表示“第一/二……次做某事”，主句用is，从句用现在完成时，从句主语是she，助动词应用has，故填has been。 2．pressed 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：他刚才按下按钮叫电梯。此处作谓语动词，应用动词press，由just now可知，应用一般过去时。故填pressed。 3．will look 【详解】考查时态。句意：他描述了三十年后房子会是什么样子。根据时间状语in thirty years可知，从句中谓语动词用一般将来时。故填will look。 4．are contrasted 【详解】考查时态。句意：把人造花和天然花对比一下，你几乎看不出有什么区别。短语be contrasted with表示“和……对比”，陈述客观事实用一般现在时，主语为flowers，谓语用复数。故填are contrasted。 5．has won 【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：到目前为止，小马Magic已经获得了许多奖项。由so far可知，句子时态用现在完成时，主语horse是单数，因此空格处是has won。故填has won。 6．have heard 【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：这是我第一次听到这样奇怪的事情! 空处涉及固定句型this is the first time that sb. have/has done“这是某人第一次做某事”，因此空处应用现在完成时，主语是I，助动词用have。故填have heard。 7．took 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：上个月，我参加了学校的运动会。由Last month可知，此处陈述过去发生的动作，应用一般过去时。故填took。 8．had reached 【详解】考查时态。句意：到2021，亚洲讲英语的成人人数已达到3.5亿。分析句子结构可知，空处为句子的谓语动词。根据时间状语By 2021可知，时态为过去完成时。故填had reached。 9．did 【详解】考查时态。句意：前几天，我在当地医院做了一些志愿者工作，希望能改变别人的生活。分析句子结构可知，空处为谓语动词，再根据时间状语the other day可知，空处应用一般过去时。故填did。 10．wandering 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：这家伙怎么了，他已经流浪了两个小时了？根据时间状语by now以及空前的has been可知，用现在完成进行时have been doing sth.。故填wandering。 11．forced 【详解】考查动词的时态。句意：农夫边喊边推，终于把猪逼进了猪笼。分析句子可知，空格处应填入谓语动词。根据语境，此处应用一般过去时，故用动词的过去式。故填forced。 12．escaped 【详解】考查时态。句意：小学第一天，一些小朋友一次又一次地从座位上逃走。空处为句子谓语动词，结合语境和时间状语“On the first day of primary school”判断为一般过去时。故填escaped。 13．had fallen 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：直到露西要离开，他才意识到他爱上了她。空处应填谓语动词的形式，结合句意及空前的he realized以及空后的in love with her可知应填过去完成时形式had fallen ，表示从句动作发生在主句动作realised之前，fall in love with sb 意为“爱上某人”，固定搭配。故填had fallen。 14．will have lost 【详解】考查时态。句意：如果这一趋势继续下去，到2020年，世界将失去三分之二的脊椎动物的生物多样性。分析可知，设空处为谓语，根据时间状语by 2020，可知表示对将来造成的影响，所以用将来完成时，故填will have lost。 15．will be developed 【详解】考查一般将来时和被动语态。句意：在接下来几年，适合家用的设施将会被研发。根据句意可知这里缺少谓语动词，时间状语“in the following years”说明是一般将来时，主语“facilities”和谓语动词“develop”之间是被动关系，故用一般将来时的被动语态will be done。故填will be developed。 16．is going to say/will say 【详解】考查谓语动词的时态。句意：许多人无意识地“不理”家人或亲密朋友的原因是他们认为自己已经知道对方要说什么。分析句子可知，what引导的宾语从句缺谓语动词，结合句意，“他们已经知道对方将要说什么”，所以谓语动词用一般将来时is going to say或will say。故填is going to say或 will say。 17．had owned 【详解】考查时态。句意：在我50岁生日的那一周，我的婚姻突然走到了尽头。我的房子、家具和我所有的一切都被卖掉了，用来偿还我不知道存在的债务。own这个动作发生在was sold之前，was sold是过去的动作，因此空格处时态用过去完成时，表示过去的过去已经完成的动作，因此空格处是had owned。故填had owned。 18．would show 【详解】考查动词时态和语态。句意：他给自己设定了一个目标，用五年的时间，他要让他自己的作品在全国顶尖艺术馆里被展出。分析句子可知，本句缺乏谓语，show与he为主谓关系，故用主动语态，由于陈述过去的计划和打算，故用过去将来时，故填would show。 19．comes 【详解】考查谓语动词的时态。句意：这位老科学家常说，知识来自实践，他的经验是通过做大量的实际工作得来的。结合句意可知，that引导的宾语从句描述的是客观真理，因此谓语动词的时态用一般现在时，主语knowledge为不可数名词，谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式，所以填comes。故填comes。 20．is located 【详解】考查时态。句意：众所周知，阿斯所在的地区有很多快速粘土，可以从固体变成液体。be located in坐落于。分析句子可知，设空处为定语从句谓语。根据文章时态可知，用一般现在时，主语是单数。故填is located。 21．has resigned 【详解】考查谓语动词时态和主谓一致。句意：自从公司宣布改组计划之后，乔纳森和他的同事们就已经决定辞职了。分析句子结构可知，设空处在句中作谓语。根据since引导时间状语从句可知，此处应用现在完成时；主语“A, as well as B”对应的谓语动词的数应遵循就远原则，前面的主语人称Johnathan为单数形式，主语与谓语动词之间为主动关系，故填has resigned。 22．was 【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：这位著名的音乐家和他的学生被邀请在去年的开幕式上表演。结合时间状语last year可知，该空谓语时态用一般过去时，as well as (和)遵循的是就远原则，即谓语动词要与该结构前面的主语保持一致，该句应与主语The famous musician保持一致，谓语单数形式。故填was。 23．turns 【详解】考查主谓一致。句意：说到这个问题，不仅你错了，她也错了。由从句中的动词comes可知，主句谓语动词应为一般现在时。分析从句结构可知，该句为not only…but also…句型，谓语动词需要就近原则，即谓语和最近的主语保持人称和数的一致，所以she为最近的主语，对应的谓语动词为三单形式。故填turns。 24．has 【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：我们每个人都有优点，另一方面，我们每个人也都有缺点。结合前面的have可知，并列谓语动词have用一般现在时，“each of +名词复数”作主语，谓语单数形式。故填has。 25．will be listening 【详解】考查时态。句意：明天九点不要给王先生打电话。他将听一场关于高考改革的讲座。根据句意和时间状语at nine tomorrow可知，此处应用将来进行时，表示将来某段时间正在进行的动作。故填will be listening。 26．has improved 【详解】考查时态。句意：除了高铁，中国在过去十年中还以许多其他创新方式改善了人们的生活。根据句意和时间状语over the last decade可知，此处应用现在完成时，表示过去发生的动作对现在的影响。主谓一致，故填has improved。 27．had begun 【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：马先生出生于杭州，在成为亿万富翁之前，他就开始了英语教师的职业生涯。根据句意和时间状语before he became one of the billionaires可知，此处应用过去完成时，表示“过去的过去”。故填had begun。 28．has grown 【详解】考查时态。句意：改革开放以来，深圳从一个小渔村发展成为一座现代化城市。根据时间状语Since the start of Reform and Opening-up可知，此处应用现在完成时，表示过去的动作对现在的影响。主谓一致，故填has grown。 29．woke 【详解】考查时态。句意：一天，她醒来发现一块飞毯，带她去了很多地方。根据时间状语One day和后文动词过去式took可知，本句描述过去发生的事情，用一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式。故填woke。 30．takes 【详解】考查时态。句意：爱丁堡国际图书节每年都在爱丁堡市中心的夏洛特广场举行。根据时间状语every year可知，此处应用一般现在时。主语为单数，主谓一致，故填takes。 31．has been 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：过去20年中，极端天气事件的数量急剧增加。根据时间状语over the past 20 years可知，此处应用现在完成时；a dramatic rise是单数概念，动词应用第三人称单数形式。故填has been。 32．have promised 【详解】考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：自两年前开始这项行动以来，许多气候科学家已经承诺尽可能少坐飞机。根据时间状语“since+过去时间”可知主句应使用现在完成时，主语“Many of the climate scientists”是复数，因此空格处是have promised。故填have promised。 33．needs 【详解】考查动词。句意：友谊需要关心和爱护，才能永葆青春。本句表达的是一个客观事实，谓语动词要用一般现在时。又因为主语Friendship 是第三人称单数，谓语动词用复数，故填needs。 34．have gotten/have got 【详解】考查时态。句意：自从1970年第一个地球日以来，美国人对环境变得更加“环保”了。根据时间状语Since the first Earth Day in 1970可知，用现在完成时。主语Americans为复数，所以助动词用have。结合句意，故填have gotten/got。 35．spoke 【详解】考查谓语动词时态。句意：一些语言专家认为，1万年前，当世界上只有500万到1000万人的时候，人们之间可能会说1.2万种语言。分析句子可知，that引导的宾语从句包含一个when引导的时间状语从句，且主句中缺谓语，根据时间状语 10,000 years ago和从句的谓语had可知，主句的谓语动词用一般过去时，即spoke。故填spoke。 36．developed 【详解】考查时态。句意：当世界上还充斥着以狩猎采集为生的人的时候，相互联系紧密的小群体发展出了各自独立的语言模式。空处在句中为主句的谓语，结合从句中was可知，本句的时态为一般过去时，所以填developed，故填developed。 37．rose 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：平均每户拥有的电子设备数量从1992年的4台增加到2007年的13台。分析句子可知，rise是谓语动词，根据句意用一般过去时，故填rose。 38．has had 【详解】考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：现年71岁的金妮从小就热爱旅行。根据句子结构及ever since，可知谓语动词用现在完成时，主语为单数，谓语动词用单数形式。故填has had。 39．rely 【详解】考查动词的时态和主谓一致。句意：根据研究人员的说法，下一步是尝试找出凤头鹦鹉是完全依靠视觉线索，还是在选择形状时也使用触觉。分析句子可知，空格是宾语从句的谓语。根据句中“is”和“use”判断，此处应用一般现在时，主语cockatoos是复数，谓语动词用复数形式。故填rely。 40．has proved 【详解】考查动词。句意：这些年来，这种药物已被证明对退烧和帮助止痛至关重要。由over these years时间状语可知，此处动词为现在完成时，结合主语The medicine为单数名词，所以为动词三单形式。故填has proved。 41．is giving/has been giving 【详解】考查时态。句意： 她厨房里的烤箱一直散发出一股香味。你知道她在煮什么吗?强调现在正在发生的事情或强调动作从过去某一时间开始，一直持续到现在，并且可能仍然要继续下去，所以有现在进行时或现在完成进行时。主语The oven 为单数，所以谓语动词用is或has。根据句意，故填is giving/has been giving。 42．have used 【详解】考查时态。句意：我猜你最近经常用电脑。你应该多让眼睛休息一下。根据后文recently可知应用现在完成时，主语为you，助动词用have。故填have used。 43．have been thinking 【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意： 我一直在考虑你说的话，我觉得你可能是对的。结合句意可知，说话人一直在考虑，过去的动作一直持续到现在，应用现在完成进行时态，又因主语是I，助动词用have。故填have been thinking。 44．expected/was expecting 【详解】考查时态。句意：我期待这部电影会有一个快乐的结局，但实际上它的结局很悲惨。陈述过去事实或表示过去在某一时间段或某一段时间内正在发生或进行的动作，所以用一般过去时或过去进行时。故填expected/was expecting。 45．are thinking 【详解】考查时态。句意：孩子们都长大了，我们正考虑搬到大一点的房子里去。此处表示正在考虑，应用现在进行时，主语为we，谓语用复数。故填are thinking。 46．launched 【详解】考查时态。句意：该公司发起了一场广告活动，以宣传其企业形象。结合语意，句子描述过去的情况，应用一般过去时，动词使用过去式形式launched。故填launched。 47．finished 【详解】考查时态。句意：在导师的指导下，他终于完成了研究论文。此处陈述过去发生的事情，需用一般过去时。故填finished。 48．has been collecting 【详解】考查时态。句意：我的侄子Sam从5岁开始收集漫画书。现在他已经有了200多本了。根据句子分析可知，主语为Sam，与collect之间为主动关系，且根据时间状语“since he was five”可知，此处应用现在完成进行时，表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响，并仍然可以延续下去。故填has been collecting。 49．arose 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：她像往常一样6点钟起床，但当她准备书包时，她突然意识到今天是星期天。根据后文“but she suddenly realized it was Sunday as she prepared her schoolbag.”可知，句子陈述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时。故填arose。 50．had been waiting 【详解】考查时态。句意：疯狂的粉丝们从晚上7点就开始排队，他们会一直等到电影明星到来。根据时间状语 since 7 pm 和句意可知，表示过去某一时间段内一直持续的动作，并对过去造成的影响，用过去完成进行时。故填had been waiting。 51．was blessed 【详解】考查固定短语和时态。句意：当我高中毕业的时候，我有幸成了我家第一个有机会上大学的人。分析句子结构，所填词应该是谓语动词；短语be blessed with 意为“幸运地享有，有幸得到”；根据时间状语从句的时态graduated可知，应该用一般过去时，故填was blessed。 52．had visited 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：我很幸运因为那是我第二次拜访俄罗斯了。根据固定句型“It was the+序数词+…time that sb. had done”可知，这里要使用过去完成时态，故填had visited。 53．are 【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：一项调查显示，本市80%的中年人赞成医疗改革的建议。空处为宾语从句的谓语动词，主句为一般现在时，从句陈述客观事实，也用一般现在时；从句主语the middle-aged（中年人）指代一类人，是复数概念，故谓语动词用复数形式。综上，故填are。 54．agreed 【详解】考查一般过去时。句意：最后，我们都同意墙报是最好的选择。第二天，我们把想法变成了现实。根据“the wall newspaper would be the best choice”可知，此处描述过去的事情，应用一般过去时。故填agreed。 55．became 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：2003年，杨利伟乘坐神舟五号飞船绕地球轨道飞行，中国成为第三个独立将宇航员送入太空的国家。然而，神舟五号不是为深空环境设计的。设空处在句中作谓语，应用动词；主语为China，二者之间为主动关系，应用主动语态；结合时间状语in 2003可知，此处表示发生在过去的事，应用一般过去时。故填became。 56．tried/was trying 【详解】考查固定句式及时态。句意：我永远记得那个在火车上哭泣时给我纸巾的女人。当她把纸巾递给我时，我(正)努力使自己平静下来。根据句意，本句描述的是过去发生的事，时态应用一般过去时，谓语动词应用过去式，故填tried。根据句意及句子结构可知，此句考查句式were/was doing…when…，意为“正要做……这个时候……”。主语是I，故填was trying。故填tried/was trying。 57．has become/becomes 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：直到现在，它已经成为了引导中国农业生产重要的工具。它的魅力和价值也越来越被大众所认可。分析句子可知，until now可以理解为直到现在之前，用现在完成时或当前的状态用一般现在时。故填has become或becomes。 58．has passed 【详解】考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：生活教会我们不要后悔昨天的事情，因为它已经过去，我们无法掌控。分析句子可知，设空处在句中作谓语，应填动词；其主语为it，二者之间为主动关系，应用主动语态；结合句意可知，此处表示“昨天已经过去”，动作发生在过去，到现在已经完成，并对现在产生影响，故应用现在完成时have/has done结构，主语为第三人称单数，故谓语也用第三人称单数。故填has passed。 59．launched 【详解】考查时态。句意：三年多来，中国首次成功发射了载人航天任务，将一艘载有两名宇航员的飞船送入轨道，该飞船将与一个新的空间实验室模块对接。依据句意可知讲述的过去已经发生的事情，谓语动词launch“发射”，用一般过去时即可。故填launched。 60．committed 【详解】考查时态。句意：通常情况下，警察会进行调查，查看可能表明是谁作案了的证据。题干中名词evidence为先行词，后接限制性定语从句，先行词为物，故从句中的谓语动词suggest，意为“暗示，表明”之意，后接宾语从句，宾语从句不能使用虚拟语气，根据句意，陈述过去发生的动作，谓语动词用一般过去时，故填committed。 61．had made 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：曾经被报道为金融之神的艾伦·格林斯潘不得不承认他之前也犯过一些严重的错误。结合句意可知，make这一动作发生在had to admit之前，表示过去的过去，应用过去完成时。故填had made。 62．have been writing 【详解】考查时态。句意：过去几天，我一直在写一份关于这里的环境报告，我必须在下周提交。根据语境可知，本句中用现在完成进行时表示write“写作”从过去一直持续到现在，而且还有可能继续下去。故填have been writing。 63．has won 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：这是中国女子乒乓球队历史上第20次赢得“考比伦杯”这一荣誉奖项。分析句子结构可知，此处为“It is the +序数词 time that+从句”的句型，该句型中that从句要用现在完成时have/has done结构，从句的主语为“Chinese women’s table tennis team”，为单数。故填has won。 64．went 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：上个暑假，我去了农村玩。分析句子可知，设空处在句中作谓语，与主语I之间为主动关系，应用主动语态；根据last summer holiday可知，此处是在描述过去发生的事，应用一般过去时。故填went。 65．found 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：在公共汽车上，我发现一个抱着一个可爱婴儿的女人站在我旁边，她很难抓住抓杆。分析句子可知，设空处在句中作谓语，应用动词；其主语为I，二者之间为主动关系，应用主动语态；结合句意可知，此处应是在陈述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时。故填found。 66．had 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：虽然他的第一次路考失败了，但他似乎很有信心。分析句子可知，设空处在句中和后面的failed一起作谓语；根据句意可知，fail这一动作发生在seemed之前，表示过去的过去，应用过去完成时had done结构。故填had。 67．paid 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：上周六，我们学校八名学生参观了中国科技馆。分析句子可知，设空处在句中作谓语，应用动词；其主语为eight students，二者之间为互动关系，应用主动语态；结合时间状语last Saturday可知，此处为过去发生的事，应用一般过去时。故填 paid。 68．will have improved 【详解】考查时态语态。句意：当我们今年9月回到学校时，我希望杰克的健康会有很大的改善。根据句意和时间状语by the time we go back to school this September，此处应用将来完成时，表示在将来某一时间以前已经完成或一直持续的动作。故填will have improved。 69．had 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：在此之前，我写过很多作文，但没有一篇被选为课前阅读。分析句子可知，此处是一个but连接的并列句，前后谓语动词时态保持一致。根据后面的谓语动词had been chosen可知，此处应用过去完成时had done结构。故填had。 70．have found 【详解】考查时态。句意：到现在为止，来自40多个国的家3500人上传的2,500,000张照片都到了Litterati的数码垃圾池里。根据时间状语up to now可知，此处应用现在完成时，表示过去的动作对现在的影响；动词短语find one’s way to意为“到达……”和主语photos之间是主动关系。主语为复数名词，主谓一致，故填have found。 71．suggested 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：由于酒精可以增加皮肤中的温暖血液流动，上个月，研究人员在一项研究中建议，人们应该在外面寒冷的时候喝酒。根据last month时间状语可知，句子用一般过去时态。故填suggested。 72．came 【详解】考查时态。句意：自从中国第一条高铁在2008年投入使用以来，中国在这一领域领先其他发展中国家甚至一些发达国家。根据句意，本句陈述过去的事情。根据“主句+完成时+since从句+一般过去时”，故此处用一般过去时，谓语动词用一般过去式，故填came。 73．consists 【详解】考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：它由18个不同的坡道组成，分为8个方向，分布在5个不同的层上，最高的坡道位于地面以上37米处。分析句子可知，主语是it，谓语要使用第三人称单数，且句子在描述客观事实，使用一般现在时。故填consists。 74．has produced 【详解】考查现在完成时。句意：多年来，威士忌一直是世界上最受欢迎的饮品之一，目前苏格兰生产的威士忌越来越多。根据so far可知，此处应用现在完成时。Scotland为第三人称单数。故填has produced。 75．did 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：她现在是纽约的著名的律师，但是没有人知道她有6年的时间为了生存到处打工。分析句意可知，她现在是纽约的著名的律师，故6年的打工是在过去发生的，即谓语动词使用一般过去时。故填did。 76．married 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：在清华，他遇到了他的妻子杨绛，杨绛后来成为一名成功的剧作家和翻译家，并于1935年与她结婚。分析句子可知，设空处与前面的met为并列谓语，时态保持一致，用一般过去时。故填married。 77．will work 【详解】考查时态。句意：当你服用这种药时，请按照包装上的说明服用，我想这种药很快就会起作用的。根据句意分析句子可知，该题是考查固定句型：祈使句+and+简单句，该句型中连词and后的句子多用一般将来时。故填will work。 78．has finished 【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：史密斯先生去年正在写一本关于中国的书，但我不知道他现在是否写完了。从句谓语动词finish动作发生在过去，持续到现在，用现在完成时，从句主语第三人称he，从句谓语单数形式。故填has finished。 79．are 【详解】考查动词时态及主谓一致。句意：一项调查显示这个城市的中年人中有80人赞成医疗改革的建议。当“分数/百分数+of+名词”结构作主语时，谓语动词的数应该与of后面的名词保持一致。the middle-aged是“the+形容词”结构，指一类人，谓语动词用复数。根据上文shows可知为一般现在时。故填are。 80．threw 【详解】考查时态。句意：他迅速把工具扔到一边，伸出胳膊跑了起来。根据句子结构，设空处为谓语，且与空后的and started构成并且结构。故应该使用一般过去时。throw为动词，意为“扔”，过去式为threw。故填threw。 81．had discovered 【详解】考查时态。句意：大约在公元前6000年，人们已经发现了最适宜种植的庄稼和最适宜饲养的牲畜。“by＋过去时间”意为“到……为止”，表示“过去的过去”。后面的句子应用过去完成时，且主语和提示词之间是“主动关系”。故填had discovered。 82．has hosted 【详解】考查时态。句意：别担心。这并不是厦门第一次举办国际比赛。It+is/was+the first/second/...time+(that)+sb./sth. has/had done sth.为固定句型，表示“这是某人第几次做某事”，该句型主句中be动词是is时，从句中谓语动词用has/have done，be动词是was时，从句中谓语动词用had done；本句中使用了其否定句形式“It is not the first time...”，且be动词为is，所以从句中应使用has/have done；结合主语Xiamen和提示词host，应填has hosted。故填has hosted。 83．remains 【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：何时何地启动这些项目仍是未知数。陈述现在事实，用一般现在时。“疑问词+ to do”短语作主语，谓语用单数。故填remains。 84．would come 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：乔治说他第二天会来学校看我，但他没有。根据said可知，主句的时态为一般过去时，而从句中的the next day暗示将要发生，所以宾语从句中用过去将来时。故填would come。 85．travels 【详解】考查宾语从句时态。句意：我们的老师曾经告诉我光传播得比声音快得多。分析句子可知若从句表示客观事实或真理，应使用一般现在时，即使主句是一般过去时从句时态也不变。light不可数，故填travels。 86．had left 【详解】考查时态。句意：这是她第一次在周末独自呆在家里，无聊到死。在 It/That was the first/second/third…time that…句型中，that引导的定语从句要用过去完成时。故答案是had left。 87．is 【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：这里将建一座钢铁厂和一些附属工厂。An iron and steel works表示“一家钢铁工厂”，谓语用单数，with some satellite factories是介词短语，不影响谓语与主语保持一致，用单数，结合语境可知为一般现在时。故填is。 88．are 【详解】考查时态。句意：暑假就要来了，在过去的几个星期里，我们每个人都为野餐做好了准备。本句each是同位语，真正主语是we，谓语用复数形式。故填are。 89．were searching 【详解】考查时态。句意：警察正在到处搜捕凶手，他突然出现在剧院里。sb. was/were doing…when…是固定句型，表示“正在做某事这时发生另一件意外的事”，police表示警察总称，复数意义。故填were searching。 90．keeps 【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：正如你所看到的，我们道路上的汽车数量如今一直在增加。短语the number of…表示“……的数量”，谓语用单数，结合语境应用一般现在时，故填keeps。 91．wants 【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：任何想看电影的人都应该举手。分析句子可知，句子陈述的是客观事实，应用一般现在时，句子为“who”引导的限制性定语从句，先行词为“Anyone”，“who”代指“Anyone”，在从句中作主语，谓语动词应用单数形式，“want”的三单形式为“wants”。故填wants。 92．will be 【详解】考查时态。句意：老师说：“杰瑞，我希望你下次会更加小心。”根据句意和句中“next time”可知，句子表示将来发生的动作，应用一般将来时，谓语动词为“will+动词原形”，故空格处应填“will be”。故填will be。 93．occurred 【详解】考查固定句型和时态。句意：现在他突然想到，他的农场很有潜力，牛的死亡是有点运气。根据句意和空格前的it以及空格后的to him that可知，该题是考查固定句型：It occurs to somebody that（某人突然想到）；根据句中的was可知，空格处也应该用一般过去时。故填occurred。 94．will learn 【详解】考查时态。句意：搜索你所在城市消防部门的网站，你会学到很多关于消防的知识。分析句子可知，该句子包含的句型是“祈使句 + and + 陈述句”，该句型中陈述句部分多用一般将来时will do形式。故填will learn。 95．had meant 【详解】考查虚拟语气、固定句型。句意：我本想帮你一把，但当时我另有安排。根据句意可知，此处为虚拟语气的固定句型，应用过去完成时，had meant to do表示“本打算做某事，但实际却没有做”。故填had meant。 96．had come 【详解】考查时态。句意：我哥哥2021年毕业，到那时他的两本书已经出版了。设空处在定语从句中，先行词为2021，根据by which可知，从句的时间状语为by 2021，从句应用过去完成时，come out意为“出版”，无被动。故填had come。 97．had gained 【详解】考查时态。句意：他在那里工作了几年，直到1942年，也就是他获得大学化学硕士学位后的一年。分析句子可知，此空应填谓语，且由前文 “a year after”可知，他获得大学化学硕士学位发生在1942年前，此空表“过去的过去”，应用过去完成时。故填had gained。 98．will make 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：你工作越努力，进步就越大。此句考查“the＋比较级，the＋比较级”结构，前句表条件，用一般现在时表将来，后句表结果，用一般将来时。故填will make。 99．have been coming 【详解】考查动词的时态。句意：语言的出现和消失已经有几千年的历史了，但最近，语言出现得越来越少，消失得却越来越多。根据时间状语for thousands of years并结合语意可知，动作come始于过去，持续到现在，且还会持续下去，所以应使用现在完成进行时。故填have been coming。 100．spotted 【详解】考查时态。句意：一天早上，我在一块高地上发现了一只迷路的羔羊，高地附近有一条高速公路穿过我的土地。空处为主句谓语动词，根据后文when I was in the top field可知应用一般过去时。故填spotted。 / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 动词的时态、语态和主谓一致 全国各地历年高考真题全收录 1、 2025年高考真题 1． 2025．1浙江卷 The concept ___62___ (be) certainly not new — men have been renting good suits for decades — but for female shoppers, it is just taking off. 2． 2025．1八省联考 Every language is worthy of respect and should 60 （treat） equally. 3． 2025．1八省联考 The UN Chinese Language Day not only provides a unique platform for the world to better understand China, but also 62 （promote） language and cultural exchanges in the world. 2、 2024年高考真题 1． 2024．6新高考1卷 Further, the Silk Route Garden around the greenhouse ____60____ (walk) visitors through a journey influenced by the ancient Silk Road,... 2． 2024新高考2卷 Some of the things that Tang was writing about ___38___ (be)also Shakespeare’s concerns. 3． 2024新高考2卷 Two years later, a six-meter-tall pavilion, __inspired_40___ (inspire)by The Peony Pavilion, ___41___ (build)at the Firs Garden, just ten minutes’ walk from Shakespeare’s birthplace. 4． 2024．6全国甲卷 They ____44____(be) part of a 15-member exploring party that had spent almost five awesome weeks in witness of the natural beauties there. 5． 2024．6全国甲卷 What should ____45____(do) with such a beautiful place? 6． 2024．6北京卷 When we slow down, we create space to reflect on our thoughts and emotions, which helps us identify important areas of our lives and ___13___ (give) us the opportunity to make right choices. 7． 2024．6北京卷 On April 5, 2024, John Tinniswood ___15___ (name) the world’s oldest living man. 8． 2024．6北京卷 I ___20___ (jog) over to him. As I handed him the glasses, he looked at me and said, “Thanks!” 9． 2024．1浙江卷 However, though it’s nice to get a few cents off a pack of sausages, it would help even more if they could sometimes ____41____ (offer) in smaller packs. 10． 2024.1浙江卷 Over the last two years, some supermarkets ____42____ (start) selling chicken or salad in packs ____43designed____ (design) with two halves containing separate portions (份). 11． 2024.1九省联考 He feels that neat handwriting 57 （be） still an important skill, ... 12． 2024.1九省联考 Fountain pens 59 （use） in schools long ago and have been regaining popularity lately because they are refillable . 3、 2023年高考真题 1. 2023全国甲卷 Carson proves that a simple lyric form that has been passed down through the ages can still ____50____ (employ) today to draw attention to important truths. 2． 2023新高考全国Ⅱ卷 As a little girl, I ___45___ (wish) to be a zookeeper when I grew up. 3． 2023年2月四省联考 My secretary called a repairman. To our surprise, the repairman ____43____(be) one of our first homeless students. 4． 2023年1月浙江卷 Citizens of higher social classes ____59____ (permit)to live closer to the center of the circles. 5． 2023年1月浙江卷 The large siheyuan of these high-ranking officials and wealthy businessmen often ____60____ (feature)beautifully carved and painted roof beams and pillars(柱子). 6． 2023全国乙卷 ... I ____47____ (amaze) by the co-existence of old and new, and how a city was able to keep such a rich heritage (遗产) while constantly growing. 7． 2023全国乙卷 ... _____50_____ (mean) there is always something new to discover here, and I could be photographing Beijing for the next 50 years. 4、 2022年高考真题 1．（2022新高考I卷） The plan will extend protection to a significant number of areas that __________ (be)previously unprotected, 2．（2022新高考I卷） After a three-year pilot period, the GPNP will be officially set up next year. The GPNP __________ (design)to reflect the guiding principle of “protecting the authenticity and integrity(完整性)of natural ecosystems, preserving biological diversity, protecting ecological buffer zones, and leaving behind precious natural assets(资产)for future generations”. 3（2022全国甲卷） In the last five years, Cao ___________ (walk) through 34 countries in six continents 4．（2022全国乙卷） The chairman of the China Culture Promotion Society ___________ (address) the opening ceremony. 5（2022年浙江卷1月） Travelling to conferences, lectures, workshops, and the like frequently by plane ________（view） as important for scientists to get together and exchange information. 6（2022年浙江卷1月） But Cobb and others ________ （be） now questioning that idea pushing conferences to provide more chances to participate remotely, and ________（change） their personal behavior to do their part in dealing with the climate change crisis. 7（2022年浙江卷1月） On a website called No Fly Climate Sci, for example, roughly 200 academics —many of them climate scientists __________ （promise） to fly as little as possible since the effort started two years ago.8.（2022年新高考2卷） Henry ___42___ (fix) his car when he heard the screams. 9．（2022年新高考2卷）He looked up and saw Eric hanging from the balcony. He quickly ___43___ (throw) his tools aside, and started running, arms out. 5、 2021年高考真题 1．（2021．6新高考1卷 语法填空） What comes next is the endless series of steps. You can't help wondering how hard it      6      (be) for the people then to put all those rocks into place. 2．（2021．6 浙江卷 语法填空） After Lincoln was elected President of the US in 1861, they rented the house and      10      (sell) most of their furniture. 3．（2021．6全国甲卷 语法填空） It      1      (build) originally to protect the city in the Tang dynasty and has now been completely restored（修复）. 4．（2021．6全国甲卷 语法填空） We      6      (hire) our bikes from the rental place at the South Gate. 5．（2021．6 浙江卷 语法填空） It doesn't impress like George Washington's plantation on the Pohomac, but Lincoln's home in downtown Springfield, Illinois,      1      (prove) irresistible to visitors since it opened to the publie.  6．（2021．6 浙江卷 语法填空） Mary's niece wrote, pretty, "The little home      5      (paint) white. 7．（2021．1 浙江卷 语法填空） It is calculated by dividing a person’s weight in kg by their height in meters squared, and a BMI of between 19 and 25      4      (consider) healthy. 8．（2021．1 浙江卷 语法填空） In cities, however, the gain      6      (be) 1.3 in women and 1.6 in men. 9．（2021．3 天津卷 单选） We            quite enough work for the morning; now let's take a break. A. have done B. will do C. had done D. were doing 10.（2021.3 天津卷 单选） Currently, about 35, 000 works            in over 300 rooms in the Louvre, and it would take a lifetime to see everything. A. were displaying B. are displaying C. were being displayed D. are being displayed 11.（2021新高考II卷）Whenever I heard of businesses using plastic, I'd send an email. One of the biggest companies I wrote to _______________ (be) Alaska Airlines Paris. 12.（2021年浙江卷1月）The study found that between 1985 and 2017, average rural BMI increased by 2.1 in women and men. In cities, however, the gain ____41____ (be) 1. 3 in women and 1. 6 in men. 13.（2021年北京卷）As it ________ (connect) things，your brain turns them into a story, and you get a dream． 14.（2021年北京卷）There __________(be) a dramatic rise in the number of extreme weather events over the past 20 years, causing largely by rising global temperatures, according to a new report from the United Nations． 6、 2020年高考真题 1．（2020·新高考I卷语法填空）The unmanned Chang’e-4 probe (探测器)—the name was inspired by an ancient Chinese moon goddess 61． (touch) down last week in the South Pole-Aitken basin. 2．（2020·新高考I卷语法填空）＂This really excites scientists,＂ Carle Pieters, a scientist at Brown University, says, ＂because it 67． (mean) we have the chance to obtain information about how the moon 68． (construct) .＂ 3．（2020·江苏卷单项填空）Instead of getting down to a new task as I _____, he examined the previous work again． A. had expected B. have expected C. would expect D. expect 4．（2020·新高考III卷语法填空）The artist was sure he would63．(choose), but when he presented his masterpiece to the emperor’s chief minister, the old nan laughed. 5．（2020·新高考III卷语法填空） 65（When/As） he asked the villagers on the banks of the river where he could find the legendary (传奇的) artist, they smiled and 66． (point) down the river. 6．（2020·浙江卷语法填空）And，as more children were born，more food 59．(need).7.（2020·浙江卷语法填空）By about 6000 BC，people 61． (discover)the best crops to grow and animals to raise.8.（2020·浙江卷语法填空）New methods 65． (mean)that fewer people worked in farming.9.（2020·山东卷语法填空）The 80,000 objects collected by Sir Hans Sloane, for example, 38． (form) the core collection of the British Museum 39（which/that） opened in 1759.10.（2020·山东卷语法填空） The parts of a museum open to the public 40． (call) galleries or rooms.11．（2020·天津卷单项填空） —You are a great swimmer. —Thanks. It’s because I ______ a lot these days. A．have been practising B．was practising C．would practise D．had practised 12．（2020·天津卷单项填空） The number of medical schools reached 18 in the early 1990s and ______ around that level since. A．are remaining B．have remained C．is remaining D．has remained 13.（2020·江苏卷单项填空） If you look at all sides of the situation, you’ll find probably a solution that ______ everyone. A. suit B. suited C. suits D. has suited 14.（2020新高考II卷）This is why decorating with plants, fruits and flowers ___________ (carry) special significance. 15.（2020山东卷）Often, only a small part of a museum’s collection ______ (be) on display．Most of it is stored away or used for research. 16.（2020北京卷）Oliver is a host of a TV programme on food．He says food___ ___(play) a big role in his life. 17.（2020北京卷）Single-use plastic bags are used at most a few times before they___ __(throw) away. 18.（2020浙江卷1月）Something significant is happening to the world population-it is aging．The median(中位数的)age of an American in 1950______(be)30—today it is 41 and is expected to increase to 42 by 2050. 19.（2020浙江卷1月）However, greater attention should______(place)on longevity(长寿). 7、 2019年高考真题 1．【2019·江苏卷·单项填空】 The musician along with his band members ___________ ten performances in the last three months. A. gives B. has given C. have given D. give 2．【2019·江苏卷·单项填空】 A few months after he had arrived in China, Mr. Smith ___________ in love with the people and culture there. A. would fall B. had fallen C. has fallen D. fell 3．【2019·江苏卷·单项填空】 They are trying to make sure that 5G terminals_________ by 2022 for the Beijing Winer Olympics. A. will install B. will have been installed C. are installed D. have been installed 4．【2019·天津卷·单项填空】 I __________ to send Peter a gift to congratulate him on his marriage，but I couldn't manage it. A. had hoped B. am hoping C. have hoped D. would hope 5．【2019·天津卷·单项填空】 Amy, as well as her brothers, ____________ a warm welcome when returning to the village last week. A. is given B. are given C. was given D. were given 6．【2019·新高考I卷·语法填空】 Of the nineteen recognized polar bear subpopulations, three are declining, six ___70___ (be) stable, one is increasing, and nine lack enough data. 7．【2019·新高考II卷·语法填空】 Picking up her“Lifetime Achievement”award，proud Irene ___64___(declare) she had no plans __to retire__ (retire) from her 36-year-old business.8.【2019·新高考II卷·语法填空】 I don't see any reason to give up work. I love coming here and seeing my family and all the friends I ___66___(make) over the years9.【2019·新高考III卷·语法填空】 Our hosts shared many of their experiences and___65___(recommend)wonderful places to eat，shop，and visit. For breakfast，we were able to eat papaya(木瓜)and other fruits from their trees in the backyard. 10.【2019·新高考III卷·语法填空】On the last day of our week-long stay，we ___69___(invite)to attend a private concert on a beautiful farm on the North Shore under the stars 11.（2019新高考I卷）In recent years some Inuit people in Nunavut ________ (report) increases in bear sightings around human settlements 12.（2019浙江卷）When every pupil in the school wears the uniform, nobody ______(have) to worry about fashion(时尚)． 13.（2019浙江卷）When the children are walking or ______(cycle) to school on dark mornings, car drivers can easily see them. 14.（2019浙江卷）One study in America found that students’ grades ______(improve) a little after the school introduced uniforms． 15.（2019北京卷）On the first day of my first grade, I stood by the door with butterflies in my stomach．I ______(voice) my biggest concern to my mother. 16.（2019北京卷）Does the name of the college you attend really matter? Research on the question ______(suggest) that, for most students, it doesn’t． 2018年真题 48（2018新高考I卷）While running regularly can’t make you live forever，the review says it ____________ (be)more effective at lengthening life than walking, cycling or swimming. 49（2018新高考II卷）Since 2011, the country __________(grow) more corn than rice. 50（2018新高考II卷）The Chinese Ministry of Agriculture finds that between 2005—when the government _________ (start) a soil-testing program that gives specific fertilizer recommendations to farmers—and 2011, fertilizer use dropped by 7.7 million tons. 51（2018新高考III卷）True to a gorilla's unaggressive nature, the huge animal __________(mean) me no real harm. 52（2018浙江卷）I still remember visiting a friend who’d lived here for five years and I ________(shock) when I learnt she hadn’t cooked once in all that time. 53（2018浙江卷）While regularly eating out seems to ________(become) common for many young people in recent years, it’s not without a cost. 54（2018北京卷） —Hi, I’m Peter. Are you new here? I haven’t seen you around? —Hello, Peter. I’m Bob. I just ________ on Monday. A. start B. have started C. started D. had started 55（2018北京卷） Susan had quit her well-paid job and _________ as a volunteer in the neighborhood when I visited her last year. A. is working B. was working C. has worked D. had worked 56（2018北京卷）China’s high-speed railways _________ from 9,000 to 25,000 kilometers in the past few years. A. are growing B. have grown C. will grow D. had grown 57（2018北京卷）A rescue worker risked his life saving two tourists who ________ in the mountains for two days. A. are trapping B. have been trapped C. were trapping D. had been trapped 综合模拟演练 1．Lily is missing her parents since it is the first time that she ________(be) away from home for such a long time． 2．He ________ (pressure) the button to call the lift just now． 3．He describes what houses ________ (look) like in thirty years． 4．When the artificial flowers ________ (contrast) with natural ones, you can hardly tell the difference． 5．Magic, the miniature horse, ________ (win) many awards for her work so far． 6．This is the first time that I ________ (hear) such strange things ! 7．Last month, I ________ (take) part in the sports meeting in our school． 8．By 2021, the number of adult English speakers in Asia ________(reach) 350 million． 9．I________ (do) some voluntary work at the local hospital the other day, hoping to make a difference to others’ lives． 10．What is the matter with the guy, who has been________ (wander) for two hours by now? 11．Shouting and pushing, the farmer _________(force) the pig into the pig cage finally． 12．On the first day of primary school, some little kids ________ (escape) again and again from their seats． 13．It was not until Lucy was to leave that he realized he ________ (fall) in love with her． 14．If the trend continues, by 2020, the world ________(lose) two-thirds of its vertebrate biodiversity． 15．Family-friendly facilities ________(develop) in the following years． 16．The reason why many people unconsciously “tune out” their family members or close friends is that they think they already know what the other person  _______ (say)． 17．The week I turned 50, my marriage came to a sudden end．My house, furniture and everything I _______(own) was sold to pay debts that I didn’t know existed． 18．Jason set up a plan that in five years he ________ (show) his work in the top gallery in that area of the country． 19．The old scientist used to say that knowledge ______(come) from practice and he gained his experience by doing a lot of practical work． 20．The area in which Town of Ask ________(locate) is known to have a lot of quick clay, which can change from solid to liquid from．Previous landslides have been reported in the region． 21．Johnathan, as well as his fellow workers, ________ (resign) from the company since it announced its transformation plan． 22．The famous musician, as well as his students, _____ (be) invited to perform at the opening ceremony last year． 23．When it comes to this question, not only you but also she _____ (turn) out to be wrong． 24．We each have strong points and each of us, on the other hand, _____ (have) weak points． 25．Don’t call Mr．Wang at nine tomorrow．He________(listen) to a lecture on the reform of the college entrance examination． 26．Besides high-speed rail, China ______ (improve )people’s lives in many other innovative (创新的) ways over the last decade． 27．Born in Hangzhou, Mr．Ma________ ( begin) his career as an English teacher before he became one of the billionaires． 28．Since the start of Reform and Opening-up, Shenzhen ________ (grow) from a small fishing village to a modern city． 29．One day, she________ (wake) up and found a flying carpet which took her to many places． 30．The Edinburgh International Book Festival ________ (take) place every year in Charlotte Square in the center of Edinburgh. 31．There _______(be) a dramatic rise in the number of extreme weather events over the past 20 years． 32．Many of the climate scientists ________ (promise) to fly as little as possible since the effort started two years ago． 33．Friendship _________(need) care and attention to keep it in good health．(用所给词的适当形式填空) 34．Since the first Earth Day in 1970, Americans_________(get) a lot “greener” toward the environment． 35．Some language experts believe that 10,000 years ago, when the world had just five to ten million people, they _________(speak) perhaps 12,000 languages between them． 36．When the the world was still populated by hunter-gatherers, small, tightly knit (联系) groups _________(develop) their own patterns of speech independent of each other． 37．The average number of electronic devices _________(rise) from four per household in 1992 to 13 in 2007． 38．Ever since her childhood, Ginni, now 71, _________(have) a deep love for travel． 39．The next step, according to the researchers, is to try and work out whether the cockatoos _________(rely) entirely on visual clues (线索), or also use a sense of touch in making their shape selections． 40．The medicine________ (prove) vital for reducing fever and helping stop pain over these years. 41．The oven in her kitchen________ (give) off a sweet smell．Do you know what she is cooking? 42．I guess that you________ (use) the computer a lot recently．You should rest your eyes more often． 43．I ________(think) about what you said… and I think you’re probably right． 44．Ⅰ________ (expect) the movie to end happily, but actually it has a sad ending． 45．As the children are older now, we ________(think) of moving to a bigger house． 46．The company ________ (launch) an advertising campaign to promote its corporate image． 47．He finally ________(finish) the research paper under his tutor’s guidance． 48．My nephew Sam ________ (collect) comic books since he was five．Now he has more than two hundred of them． 49．She ______ (arise) at 6 o’clock as usual, but she suddenly realized it was Sunday as she prepared her schoolbag．(根据汉语提示单词拼写) 50．The crazy fans ________ (wait) in line since 7 pm and they would wait till the movie star arrived． 51．When I graduated from high school, I _______________ (bless) with the opportunity to be the first person in my family to attend college． 52．I was lucky because that was the second time that I _______________ (visit) Russia． 53．A survey shows that 80% of the middle-aged in this city ________(be) in favour of the proposal on health care reform． 54．Finally, we all _______(agree) that the wall newspaper would be the best choice．The next day, we put our idea into reality． 55．China_______ (become) the third country to independently send astronauts into space in 2003 when Yang Liwei orbited Earth in the Shenzhou-5 spacecraft．However Shenzhou V is not designed for the environment of deep space． 56．I’ll always remember the woman who gave me tissues while I was crying on the train．I ________ (try) so hard to calm down when she handed me the tissues． 57．Until now, it ________(become) an essential tool to guide the agricultural production in China．And its charm and value have been increasingly recognized by the public． 58．Life teaches us not to regret over yesterday, for it ________(pass) and is beyond our control. 59．China _______(launch) its first human spaceflight mission in more than three years successfully, placing into orbit a spacecraft carrying two astronauts that will dock with a new space laboratory module． 60．It is always the case that the police conducted an investigation and look at the evidence that may suggest who ________(commit) the offence． 61．Alan Greenspan, once reported as a financial god, had to admit that he _______ (make) some serious mistakes． 62．I ______(write) a report about the environment here over the last few days, which I have to hand in next week． 63．It is the 20th time in history that Chinese women’s table tennis team _________(win) the honorable award--M Corbillon Cup(考比伦杯)． 64．During my last summer holiday, I ________(go) to the countryside to enjoy myself． 65．On the bus, I ________(find)a woman with a cute baby standing beside me and having difficulty holding on to the grab pole． 66．He seemed confidence, although he ________(have) failed his first road test． 67．Last Saturday, eight students from school________( pay) a visit to the knowledge of Science and Technology Museum． 68．I hope Jack’s health ______ (improve) greatly by the time we go back to school this September． 69．I _______(have) written many compositions before that but none of them had been chosen to be read before the class． 70．Up to now, over 2,500,000 photos posted by 3,500 people from over 40 countries _______(find) their way to Litterati’s digital landfill． 71．Since alcohol could increase warm blood flow in the skin, last month, the researchers in a study________(suggest) that people should reach for booze(豪饮) when it’s cold outside． 72．China has led other developing countries and even some developed ones in this field since the first high-speed train ________ (come) into use in 2008． 73．It ________ (consist) of 18 different ramps，in 8 directions，on five different layers，with the highest one standing 37 meters above ground． 74．For many years, whisky has been one of the most popular drinks all over the world, and Scotland ________ (produce) more and more of it so far． 75．She is a famous lawyer in New York now, but nobody knows she ________(do) part-time jobs everywhere to make a living for six years． 76．In Tsinghua, he met his wife Yang Jiang, who was to become a successful playwright and translator, and _______ (marry) her in 1935． 77．Follow the instructions on the packet when you take the drug, and the drug, I think, ________ (work) soon． 78．Mr．Smith was writing a book about China last year but I don’t know whether he ________ (finish) it now． 79．A survey shows that 80 of the middle-aged in this city ________ (be) in favour of the proposal on health care reform． 80．He looked up and saw Eric hanging from the balcony．He quickly ________ (throw) his tools aside, and started running, arms out． 81．By about 6,000 BC, people ________(discover) the best crops to grow and animals to raise.   82．Don’t worry．It is not the first time Xiamen________(host) international competitions． 83．When and where to start the programs ____________(remain) unknown． 84．George said that he _____________(come) to school to see me the next day, but he didn’t． 85．Our teacher once told me light _________(travel) much faster than sound． 86．That was the first time she ________ (leave) alone at home during the weekends, bored to death． 87．An iron and steel works, with some satellite factories, _______ (be) to be built here． 88．The summer holiday is coming and we each ______(be) ready for the picnic in the past weeks． 89．The police ________(search) for the murderer everywhere when he suddenly appeared in a theatre． 90．As you can see, the number of cars on our roads ________(keep) rising these days． 91．Anyone who ___________(want) to see the film should put up your hands． 92．The teacher said, “Jerry, I hope you __________(be) more careful next time.” 93．Now it __________(occur) to him that his farm had much potential and that the death of the cow was a bit of luck． 94．Search the website of the Fire Department in your city, and you ________(learn) a lot about firefighting 95．I ________ (mean) to offer you a hand, but I was otherwise engaged then． 96．My elder brother graduated in 2021, by which time two of his books ________ (come) out． 97．He worked there through his university years until 1942, a year after he _________________ (gain) a Master’s degree at university in chemistry． 98．The harder you work, the greater progress you ________(make)． 99．Languages _________（come）and going for thousands of years，but in recent times there has been less coming and a lot more going． 100．One morning I __________ (spot) a lost lamb when I was in the top field, near where a motorway cuts through my land. / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$