新课标词汇3-2025年新课标词汇中考特训冲关：测-讲-练

新课标词汇3冲关练习 2025年新课标词汇中考特训 冲关：测-讲-练 1. Jenny, you have _____ a lot, much thinner and more hardworking than before.（2024东营中考） A. done B. changed C. learned D. practiced 2. —Hurry up! The bus is leaving soon. —Don’t worry. There is ________ time left. （2023年菏泽中考） A. No B. little C. a little 3.Bing Dwen Dwen a mascot (吉祥物) for Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics, is so ________ that tens of thousands of people would like to get one.（2022年东营中考） A. shy B. cute C. small D. heavy 4. —Father’s Day is coming! What are you going to do for your father? —I will make a short video about his daily life. （2022年东营中考） —Wow! It’s a ________ idea. A. boring B. strange C. creative D. difficult 5. —How did you put together the model plane so perfectly? —It’s easy. I just followed the ________.（2022年滨州中考） A. instruments B. inventions C. interviews D. instructions 6.—Bill, I planned to give you the card on Saturday, but I ________ forgot. —That’s OK. I won’t use it until next weekend.（2022年滨州中考） A. completely B. recently C. quietly D. clearly 7 —Don’t be so rude. You should ________ like a gentleman. —Sorry. I will be more polite.（2022年滨州中考） A. perform B. behave C. provide D. consider 8. If people use less water and plant more trees, I believe there will be less ________.（2022青岛中考） A progress B. pleasure C. pollution D. production 9.—What would you like, sir? —A cup of __________, please. A. potato B. coffee C. banana D. hamburger 10.﹣The relations between my parents have become difficult． What should I do？ ﹣You could do more jobs around the house so that they have more time for proper____． A．instrument B．communication C．community 11.Be more____next time， and you won't make the same mistake again． A．careless B．careful C．nervous 12.—Mum, must I be a teacher like you when I grow up. —No, you needn't. You can make your own _______________. A. difference B. discussion C. discovery D. decision 13.—The Xiaoqing River in Jinan has become ___again. —Let's go to take photos there! A.clean B.dirty C. warm D.easy 14.Wingsuit Flying （翼装飞行） is one of the most ______ sports in the world. Nearly 30% people who take part in it may lose their lives. A. famous B. exciting C. dangerous D. interesting 15. 5G, as a new global network （全球网络） after 3G and 4G, will certainly ______ our life in many ways. A. copy B. break C. change D. control 二、完形填空 I used to have little passion (激情) in my life. But what happened the other day changed my mind. It was then that I learned how 1 it is to have a passion in life. That day I went home in Mom’s car. When Mom 2 at a red light, someone on the side of the road caught my eye. It was a man dressed 3 old clothes. He was homeless. That didn’t interest me, because I had seen 4 like him before. Those people usually looked unhappy and hopeless. But this man was 5 in some way. He was not sitting down with a 6 expression. Instead, he had a 7 in his hand and was dancing happily to the music. The radio seemed to be the most valuable thing he had. “Mom, why does that man have a radio 8 he’s homeless?” I asked. “He 9 it,” she replied. “But why doesn’t he use the money to buy food or clothes? He 10 for something that he didn’t need.” “Well, Sarah, sometimes food and clothes aren’t the most important.” That man must care so much about 11 that he bought a radio instead of food or clothes. I soon realized that 12 is the key to life. Since then 1 am always thinking of 13 is truly important in life. A home, a meal, clothes-these things are 14 part of the life. What we often forget is that we all need a joy, a light in a 15 day. We all need a passion which gives a person the happiness they need to keep going. 1．A．strange B．important C．dangerous D．difficult 2．A．stopped B．walked C．stood D．exercised 3．A．in B．on C．at D．of 4．A．none B．few C．all D．many 5．A．common B．different C．polite D．rude 6．A．sad B．nervous C．mad D．happy 7．A．hat B．phone C．scarf D．radio 8．A．though B．because C．until D．unless 9．A．borrowed B．made C．fixed D．bought 10．A．asked B．waited C．paid D．looked 11．A．stories B．music C．news D．languages 12．A．knowledge B．health C．happiness D．friendship 13．A．who B．what C．where D．when 14．A．only B．all C．also D．never 15．A．warm B．hot C．dark D．relaxing 三、阅读理解 Daniel loved games. In his mind, winning was everything. He fell off his bike and hurt his left leg last Saturday, but he still decided to take part in a race. Daniel was in the Blue Team. His team played against the Red Team in the playground. The coach blew the whistle (口哨) and Daniel began. He ran as fast as he could. And then, Daniel’s left leg began aching (疼痛) from running so long. But he couldn’t slow down. He had to win. Suddenly, Daniel fell over and his body hit the ground. Many runners ran past him, but one stopped. “Come on. Let’s finish it together,” someone said. Daniel looked up. It was a boy from the other team. He helped Daniel stand up slowly. Together they finished the race. “Why do you help me?” Daniel asked. “You can pass and help your team to win.” “Winning isn’t everything,” the boy said. “I’d like to be a nice person than winning one race.” Daniel never thought about that before. At first, he was embarrassed to lose the game. But that doesn’t seem so important to him now. Yes, winning isn’t everything. Being nice seems a lot better. 1．Why was Daniel’s left leg hurt last Saturday? A．Because he fell from a tree. B．Because he fell off his bike. C．Because he fell down the stairs. D．Because he fell over when running. 2．Which of the following is TRUE about Daniel? A．He loved to win games. B．He was a runner in the Red Team. C．He ran fastest of all the runners. D．His leg wasn’t aching during the match. 3．What can we know about the “helper”? A．He didn’t finish the race. B．He was on the same team as Daniel. C．He might not win the race in the end. D．He helped Daniel go to the hospital. 4．What does the underlined word “embarrassed” mean in English? A．relaxed B．proud (自豪的) C．careful D．uncomfortable 5．What can we learn from the passage? A．Winning isn’t everything. B．How to win the games. C．The differences between the two teams. D．Why people like to win the games. 四、语言运用 A.单词拼写（1-5小题，2023年泰安中考真题） 根据句意和首字母或汉语提示，将单词的正确形式完整地写在答题卡相应的位置上。 1. Mr. Zhang is an experienced teacher. He has t________ geography for over thirty years. 2. W________ a football team wins or loses, it is important to congratulate the other team after the game. That is called sportsmanship. 3. To avoid w________ food, our school held a “Clear Your Plate” activity. 4. When Shenzhou-14 landed ________ (安全地) on the earth, all Chinese were cheerful. 5. The lovely rabbits on these ________（邮票）remind me of my sweet childhood. 6. Don’ t worry! We are old enough to look after___________(我们自己) 7. There is a big park _______ (在旁边) the supermarket. I prefer to take a walk there. 8. Rose’ s father is the ________ (忙碌的) in the hospital, because he is an excellent doctor. 9. People who learn _________ (明智地) and well will achieve their dreams more easily. 10. Where are __________ (狮子) from? 11. I have no problem _________(爬) the mountain, which is not too high. 12. Of the two boys, who do you think is more __________(仔细). 13. I just hid behind my father and never _______ (说) anything. 14. My life has _______ (改变) a lot in the last few years. 15. I__________ (借）a book from my classmate a week ago. B.选词填空。（2024年淄博中考真题） 根据短文内容，选择适当的单词填空，使短文意思完整。每个选项只用一次，有两项剩余。 wrong experience improved if time properly than everyone’s perfect in learn carefully Artificial intelligence (AI，人工智能) is the ability of a computer to “think” like a human. This means it can 16________ from its mistakes and perform tasks that usually need human intelligence. The concept (概念) of AI has been around for a long time, but it was difficult to make it work 17_______. In recent years, AI has 18______ and it can now carry out complex (复杂的) tasks. This will influence 19._______ lives, so it is important to know both the good and bad sides. AI can process (处理) large amounts of information much faster 20.________ a person can. In video games, AI can make the computer learn how to act like a human player, creating a more realistic gaming 21.________ if you are playing against the computer. AI can also be a useful tool in education because it can explain complex topics (话题) to people 22._______ simple ways. However, AI is not23. _______. It makes mistakes and can give the 24._______ answers to questions. It also doesn’t have feelings or a human’s sense of right and wrong, so it can sometimes be rude (粗暴的) or give bad advice. It can also be used in unkind or unfair ways. Whatever you think about AI, it is here to stay. 25.______ you have any questions about it, ask a responsible adult. C.语法填空。（2024年淄博中考真题） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填人适当的内容（不多于3个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。 Hi Kylie, We are excited to be pen pals with you. Thanks for telling us about New Hampshire, We would love to visit someday, especially in the winter so we can see snow for the 26._______ (one) time. We don’t get snow in Malaysia. We live in Petaling Jaya. We have lots 27._______ parks and there is plenty to do. We don’t have any seasons except for the monsoon season (雨季), when it rains non-stop. Recently, it rained so much that there was flooding (洪水) in parts of Malaysia. 28._______ thankfully it didn’t flood where we live. It’s 29._______ (usual) warm all the time, but it can get very hot and wet. We get really sweaty (出汗的) when we are outdoors. We mostly wear shorts or dresses. The 30._______ (good) time of day to do outdoor activities is either in the morning or the evening when it is cooler. There is a park behind31. ________(we) home. We like 32._______ (ride) our bikes, skateboarding and exploring (探险) together there. When it’s hot, our favorite thing to do is to jump into a pool to cool off. Having ice cream 33._______ any cold drink helps, too. We also turn on the air conditioner (空调) most of the time. Thankfully, there are plenty of things to do indoors like museums, cinemas, science centers, the bird park, walking around huge malls, or playing a board game at home. In Malaysia, we have lots of really beautiful 34._______ (beach). If you’re lucky, you get to see hombills (犀鸟) up close. When you visit Malaysia, we 35.________ (take) you there! Tala and Tina 五、书面表达 英国学生 Joe在学习中国文化，他对成语“近朱者赤，近墨者黑”感兴趣，在某网站论坛上发起讨论。请你回帖发表你的见解：阐述你对该成语的理解，并从择友、交友的角度举例加以说明。 注意： （1）词数100左右，开头已给出，不计入总词数； （2）内容需涵盖所有要求，可适当发挥； （3）文中不能出现真实的人名、校名等信息。 Hi, Joe. I’m happy that you’re interested in Chinese culture. This is a famous Chinese idiom._________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 答案与解析 一、1.B 2. C 3. B 4. C 5. D 6. A 7.B 8.C 9.B 10.B 11.B 12.D 13. A 14.C 15.C 二、完形填空 1．B 2．A 3．A 4．D 5．B 6．A 7．D 8．A 9．D 10．C 11．B 12．C 13．B 14．A 15．C 【导语】本文主要讲述了作者以前对生活没有激情。但是有一天遇到了一个无家可归的人，他的举动改变了作者对生活的态度。他的事情告诉我们：无论我们的境遇如何，我们都需要激情来保持继续前行。 1．句意：就在那时，我明白了生活中有激情是多么重要。 strange陌生的；important重要的；dangerous危险的；difficult困难的。根据“I used to have little passion (激情) in my life. But what happened the other day changed my mind.”可知，作者明白了有激情的重要性。故选B。 2．句意：当妈妈在红灯前停下时，路边的一个人引起了我的注意。 stopped停止；walked散步；stood站；exercised锻炼。根据“That day I went home in Mom’s car.”可知，此处说的是停下来等红灯的时候。故选A。 3．句意：那是一个穿着旧衣服的男人。 in穿；on关于；at在；of……的。根据“old clothes”可知，此处指的是穿着旧衣服，应该用in。故选A。 4．句意：我对此不感兴趣，因为我以前见过很多像他这样的人。 none没有任何人；few几乎没；all所有；many很多。根据“That didn’t interest me”可知，作者见到过很多这样的人。故选D。 5．句意：但是这个人在某些方面与众不同。 common常见的；different不同的；polite礼貌的；rude粗鲁的。根据“Those people usually looked unhappy and hopeless.”可知，他是不同的。故选B。 6．句意：他没有带着悲伤的表情坐着。 sad伤心的；nervous紧张的；mad生气的；happy开心的。根据“…was dancing happily to the music.”可知，这个人没有像其他人一样带着悲伤的表情。故选A。 7．句意：相反，他手里拿着一台收音机，随着音乐快乐地跳舞。 hat帽子；phone手机；scarf围巾；radio收音机。根据“The radio seemed to be the most valuable thing he had.”可知，此处说的是收音机。故选D。 8．句意：妈妈，为什么那个人无家可归却有收音机？ though虽然；because因为；until直到；unless除非。根据“Mom, why does that man have a radio…he’s homeless?”可知，此处询问的是虽然他没家为什么有录音机。故选A。 9．句意：他买了它。 borrowed借；made制作；fixed修理；bought买。根据“But why doesn’t he use the money to buy food or clothes?”可知，此处妈妈的回答是他买的。故选D。 10．句意：他买了他不需要的东西。 asked询问；waited等待；paid支付；looked看。根据“He…for something that he didn’t need.”可知，此处说的是他买了他不需要的东西，pay for意为“支付”。故选C。 11．句意：那个人一定非常关心音乐，所以他买了一台收音机，而不是食物或衣服。 stories故事；music音乐；news新闻；languages语言。根据“was dancing happily to the music.”可知，与音乐有关。故选B。 12．句意：我很快意识到快乐是生活的关键。 knowledge知识；health健康；happiness快乐；friendship友谊。根据“We all need a passion which gives a person the happiness they need to keep going.”可知，此处说的是快乐是生活的关键。故选C。 13．句意：从那以后，我一直在思考生命中真正重要的是什么。 who谁；what什么；where哪里；when什么时候。根据“I soon realized that…is the key to life.”可知，此处描述的是生命中真正重要的是什么。故选B。 14．句意：一个家，一顿饭，衣服——这些东西只是生活的一部分。 only仅仅；all所有；also也；never从不。根据“What we often forget is that we all need a joy…”可知，此处说的是这些物质上的东西只是生活的一部分。故选A。 15．句意：我们经常忘记的是，我们都需要一种快乐，黑暗日子里的一盏灯。 warm温暖的；hot热的；dark黑暗的；relaxing放松的。根据“a light in a…day.”可知，此处说的是黑暗日子里的一盏灯。故选C。 三、阅读理解 1．B 2．A 3．C 4．D 5．A 解析：【导语】本文主要介绍了Daniel喜欢比赛，他觉得胜利就是一切，但是在一次比赛受伤后，另一个男孩对他的帮助让他改变了想法。 1．细节理解题。根据“He fell off his bike and hurt his left leg last Saturday”可知上周六，他从自行车上摔下来，左腿受伤。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据“In his mind, winning was everything”可知他认为赢就是一切，所以他喜欢赢得比赛。故选A。 3．推理判断题。根据“You can pass and help your team to win”可知Daniel不明白这个男孩为什么要帮助他，他可以传球，帮助他的球队获胜，可推知这个男孩最后可能没有赢得比赛。故选C。 4．词义猜测题。根据“At first, he was embarrassed to lose the game. But that doesn’t seem so important to him now”可知刚开始，他觉得输掉比赛很尴尬，故此处划线部分意为“尴尬的”，和选项D意义相近。故选D。 5．细节理解题。根据“Winning isn’t everything”以及文章内容可知，我们可以学到赢不是一切。故选A。 四、词汇运用 四、A. 1.(t)aught 2.(W)hether 3.(w)asting 4.safely 5.stamps 6.ourselves 7.beside 8.busiest 9.wisely 10.lions 11. climbing 12. careful 13. said 14. changed 15.borrowed B.16. learn 17. properly 18. improved 19. everyone’s 20. than 21. experience 22. in 23. perfect 24. wrong 25. If 解析:【导语】本文主要介绍了人工智能的优缺点。 16.句意：这意味着它可以从错误中吸取教训，并执行通常需要人类智力的任务。learn from 从……吸取教训。故填learn。 17.句意：人工智能的概念已经存在了很长一段时间，但很难使其正常运行。此处缺副词修饰动词work。结合句意可知表述的是人工智能正常地运行起来。故填properly。 18.句意：人工智能现已改进，现在它可以执行复杂的任务了。本句主语为AI，has 是助动词，空处应填动词的过去分词形式，结合备选词汇，人工智能现已改进，improved符合句意，故填improved。 19.句意：这将影响每个人的生活，所以明确人工智能的优缺点很重要。根据空后lives和备选词汇可知应该用物主代词或表示某人的名词所有格修饰，影响每个人的生活，everyone’s符合句意，故填everyone’s。 20.句意：人工智能在处理大量信息的速度要比人类快得多。根据“much faster”可知，本空考查比较级，缺少than。故填than。 21.句意：在电子游戏中，人工智能可以让电脑学习如何表现得像人类玩家一样，创造出更真实的游戏体验。根据“creating a more realistic gaming”和备选词汇可知人工智能可以让电脑模仿人类玩家的行为动作，这就使得人类玩家有了更真实的游戏体验，experience符合句意。故填experience。 22.句意：人工智能也可以成为一个有用的教学工具，因为它可以用简单的方式向人们解释复杂的话题。in simple ways“用简单的方式”。故填in。 23.句意：然而，人工智能并非完美无缺。根据“However”以及“It makes mistakes”可知，后面提到的是人工智能也会出错，那么前一句就是表述人工智能并不完美。故填perfect。 24.句意：它会出错，给出错误的答案。根据“It makes mistakes”和备选词汇可知，人工智能给出的问题相应的答案可能是错的。故填wrong。 25.句意：如果你有任何关于人工智能的问题，请向有责任心的大人求助。根据“you have any questions about it,”可知，此处考查if引导的条件状语从句，注意首字母大写。故填If。 C. 26. first 27. of 28. but 29. usually 30. best 31. our 32. riding 33. or 34. beaches 35. will take/can take 解析:【导语】本文是Tala和Tina写给Kylie 的书信，介绍了她们在马来西亚的生活。 26.句意：我们希望有一天能去那儿看看，特别是在冬天的时候，这样我们就能第一次看到雪了。根据“for the...time”以及“We don’t get snow in Malaysia.”可知，马来西亚不下雪，因此是第一次看到雪。“for+the+序数词+time”表示“第几次”，此处需要序数词，one的序数词是first。故填first。 27.句意：我们这儿有很多公园，有很多事可以做。lots of“许多”，固定搭配。故填of。 28.句意：最近雨下得很厉害，马来西亚的部分地区发洪水了，不过谢天谢地，没有在我们住的地方发洪水。根据句意可知前后句存在转折关系。故填But。 29.句意：通常这边的天气一直都很暖和，但也会有相当湿热的时候。根据句子结构可知，此处需要副词，usually“通常”符合语境。故填usually。 30.句意：一天中，做户外活动的最佳时间是在早上或晚上比较凉爽的时候。由空前的定冠词The可知，此处要用最高级，表示“做某事的最佳时间”，good的最高级是best。故填best。 31.句意：我们家后面有个公园。此处需要形容词性物主代词修饰home。故填our。 32.句意：我们喜欢一起那里骑自行车、滑滑板和探险。分析句子结构，此处和“skateboarding”、“exploring”并列；再根据like doing sth.“喜欢做某事”可知，应用动名词riding。故填riding。 33.句意：吃冰淇淋或者喝冷饮也管用。根据“When it’s hot, our favorite thing to do is to jump into a pool to cool off. Having ice cream... any cold drink helps, too.”可知，天气炎热的时候可以通过到泳池里游泳、吃冰淇淋或者喝冷饮等方式降温；or表示选择，符合语境。故填or。 34.句意：在马来西亚有很多十分美丽的沙滩。根据“lots of really beautiful...”可知，此处需要填beach的复数形式。故填beaches。 35.句意：等你来马来西亚玩，我们就（可以）带你去！根据句意可知，Tala和Tina会带着Kylie去海边看犀鸟，句子结构缺谓语动词，此处使用will take和can take均可。故填will take/can take。 五、参考范文 Hi, Joe. I’m happy that you’re interested in Chinese culture. This is a famous Chinese idiom. It means that we are influenced by people around us. There are people who can make us kinder, braver and more confident. So it is important for us to choose a good friend. At the same time, we should keep away from people who have bad effects on us. Here, I want to share my own experience with you. When I was in Grade 8, I had a friend who was not good at schoolwork. She often asked me to play computer games with her. I spent so much time playing with her that I failed in my exams. This year, I have made a new friend. She was excellent. She was patient with me and gave me a hand whenever I had problems. She always encouraged me to study hard. With the help of her, I have made great progress. I got better grades in the exam. Because of her, I become better and more confident. Now I look forward to going to the same senior high school with her. This famous Chinese idiom can guide us how to choose friends. If you want to know more about Chinese culture, I will be ready to offer help to you. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 新课标词汇3自测练习 (英译汉) 2025年新课标词汇中考特训 冲关：测-讲-练 1.butter 2.butterfly 3.buy * 4.by * 5.cabbage 6.cake * 7.calendar 8.call * 9.calm 10.camera 11.camp 12.can * 13.cancel 14.cancer 15.candle * 16.candy * 17.cap * 18.capital 19.car * 20.card * 21.care 22.careful * 23.careless 24.carrot 25.carry 26.cartoon 27.case 28.cash 29.cat * 30.catch * 31.cause 32.celebrate 33.cent 34.central 35.centre (AmE center) 36.century 37.certain 38.chair * 39.chalk 40.challenge 41.champion 42.chance 43.change 44.character 45.characteristic 46.charity 47.chat 48.cheap 49.cheat 50.check 51.cheer 52.cheese 53.chemistry 54.chess 55.chicken * 56.child (pl. children) * 57.China * 58.Chinese * 59.chip 60.chocolate 61.choice 62.choose 63.chopsticks 64.chore * 65.Christmas * 66.cinema * 67.circle 68.citizen 69.city * 70.class * 71.classic 72.classmate 73.classroom * 74.clean * 75.clear 76.clever * 77.click 78.climate 79.climb 80.clock * 81.close * 82.clothes * 83.cloud 84.cloudy * 85.club 86.coach 87.coast 88.coat * 89.coffee 90.coin 91.cold * 92.collect 93.college 94.colour (AmE color) * 95.come * 96.comfortable 97.common 98.communicate 99.community 100.company 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 新课标词汇3自测练习 (汉译英) 2025年新课标词汇中考特训 冲关：测-讲-练 1.黄油 2.蝴蝶 3.买 4.通过；被；在……旁边 5.卷心菜 6.蛋糕 7.日历 8.呼叫；称呼；打电话 9.平静的；使平静 10.照相机 11.露营；营地 12.能；可以；罐头 13.取消 14.癌症 15.蜡烛 16.糖果 17.帽子 18.首都；大写字母；资金 19.汽车 20.卡片；纸牌 21.关心；照顾；在意 22.小心的；仔细的 23.粗心的 24.胡萝卜 25.搬运；携带 26.卡通片；漫画 27.情况；案例；盒子 28.现金 29.猫 30.抓住；赶上；接住 31.造成；原因 32.庆祝 33.美分 34.中心的；中央的 35.中心 36.世纪 37.确定的；某些 38.椅子 39.粉笔 40.挑战 41.冠军 42.机会；可能性 43.改变；变化 44.性格；角色；文字 45.特征；特性 46.慈善机构；慈善事业 47.聊天 48.便宜的 49.欺骗；作弊 50.检查；核对；支票 51.欢呼；喝彩 52.奶酪 53.化学 54.国际象棋 55.鸡肉；小鸡 56.孩子（复数：孩子们） 57.中国 58.中国的；中国人；汉语 59.芯片；炸薯条 60.巧克力 61.选择 62.选择 63.筷子 64.日常琐事；杂务 65.圣诞节 66.电影院；电影 67.圆圈；环绕 68.公民；市民 69.城市 70.班级；课；阶级 71.经典的；名著 72.同班同学 73.教室 74.打扫；干净的 75.清楚的；清晰的 76.聪明的 77.点击 78.气候 79.攀登；爬 80.时钟 81.关闭；近的；亲密的 82.衣服 83.云 84.多云的 85.俱乐部 86.教练；长途汽车 87.海岸；海滨 88.外套；大衣 89.咖啡 90.硬币 91.寒冷的；感冒 92.收集；收藏 93.大学；学院 94.颜色 95.来 96.舒适的 97.常见的；共同的 98.交流；沟通 99.社区；团体 100.公司；陪伴 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 新课标词汇3重点词汇拓展与解析 2025年新课标词汇中考特训 冲关：测-讲-练 1.by：介词,靠近；通过；被；经由；在……之前。 用于表示动作发生的方式、时间、地点等。 如，表示方式，“I go to school by bus”（我乘公交车上学）； I improve my pronunciation by listening to tapes.(我通过听磁带来提高我的发音） 表示时间，“We must finish the work by 5 o'clock”（我们必须在5点前完成工作） 。 表示地点，The house by the river is very beautiful.（河边的房子非常漂亮。） 常见短语 1）by the way：顺便说一下。 By the way, I bought a new book yesterday.（顺便说一下，我昨天买了一本新书。） 2）by accident：偶然地。 I met my old friend by accident on the street.（我在街上偶然遇到了我的老朋友。） 3) by mistake：错误地；无意中；由于差错。 I took your umbrella by mistake yesterday.（我昨天错拿了你的伞。） 2.call：动词、名词, 动词意为呼叫；称呼；打电话；拜访；把……看作 ；名词意为喊；叫；打电话；通话 如，I received a call from my mother”（我接到了妈妈的一个电话）。 常见短语： 1）call on：拜访；号召。 We will call on an old friend tomorrow.（我们明天要去拜访一位老朋友。） call in：召集；召来。 The police called in some witnesses to get more information.（警方召集了一些证人以获取更多信息。） call up：打电话给。 Please call me up when you arrive at the station.（你到车站时请给我打电话。） 3.care：动词、名词，动词意为关心；在意；照顾；名词意为关怀；照料；谨慎 如，I care about your feelings（我在乎你的感受） 常见短语： 1） take care of：照顾。She takes good care of her grandparents.（她把祖父母照顾得很好。） 2）care about：关心；在意。He doesn't care about what others think.（他不在乎别人怎么想。） 3）care for：照顾，非常喜欢。 We should care for the environment.（我们应该关爱环境。） 【拓展】 1）careful（形容词，小心的；仔细的） 。Be careful when you cross the street.（过马路时要小心。） 2） careless（形容词，粗心的） 。He made a careless mistake in the exam.（他在考试中犯了一个粗心的错误。） 3）carefully（副词，小心地；仔细地） 。She listened carefully to the teacher.（她认真听老师讲课。） 4）carelessness（名词，粗心大意） 。His carelessness led to the failure of the project.（他的粗心大意导致了项目的失败。） 4.case：名词，情况；实例；箱；病例；案件 常见短语：in that case 介词短语，在句子中作状语。意为“既然那样；假使那样的话；在那种情况下” 。 It's going to rain tomorrow. In that case, we'd better cancel the outdoor activity.（明天要下雨。假使那样的话，我们最好取消户外活动。） 5.catch(caught; caught)：动词,抓住；赶上；感染；引起（注意等） 如，I caught him stealing my book”（我抓到他在偷我的书）。 He caught the ball with one hand.（他单手接住了球。） 常见短语： catch up with：赶上。 I have to study hard to catch up with my classmates.（我必须努力学习才能赶上我的同学。） catch a cold：感冒。 I caught a cold because of the rain.（因为下雨我感冒了。） 6.celebrate：动词,庆祝；庆贺 如，We celebrated his birthday with a big party.（我们举办了一个盛大的派对来庆祝他的生日。） They celebrated their victory by singing and dancing.（他们载歌载舞庆祝胜利。） 【拓展】 celebration（名词，庆祝；庆祝活动） There will be a celebration for the Spring Festival.（将有一场春节庆祝活动。） 7. centre (AmE center)：名词，中心；中央 常见短语： in the centre of：在……中心。 如，The park is in the centre of the city.（公园在城市的中心。） The city centre is always busy.（市中心总是很繁忙。） 【拓展】central（形容词，中心的；中央的） 。T This is a central area of the town.（这是小镇的中心区域。） Beijing is the central city of China.（北京是中国的中心城市。） 8.challenge：名词、动词, 名词意为挑战；艰巨任务；动词意为挑战；向……挑战。 如，She challenged him to a running race.（她向他挑战赛跑。） We are facing a big challenge now.（我们现在正面临着一个巨大的挑战。） 9.chance：名词、动词，名词意为机会；可能性；动词意为碰巧；偶然发生 常用句型：have a chance to do sth.(有机会做某事）。 如，You have a chance to visit the Great Wall.（你有机会参观长城。） 10.change：名词、动词，名词意为变化；改变；零钱 ；动词意为兑改变；转变；更换 如，The city has changed a lot in recent years.（近年来这座城市变化很大。） 常见短语： change one's mind：改变主意。 She changed her mind at the last minute.（她在最后一刻改变了主意。） make a change：做出改变。 It's time to make a change in our lives.（是时候在我们的生活中做出改变了。） 11.cheer：动词、名词，动词意为欢呼；使高兴；为……加油 ；名词意为欢呼声；喝彩声。 如，The good news cheered him.（这个好消息使他很高兴。） 常见短语： cheer up：使高兴起来；振作起来。 Cheer up! Everything will be okay.（振作起来！一切都会好起来的。） 【拓展】cheerful（形容词，快乐的；愉快的） 。 She has a cheerful smile.（她有着愉快的笑容。） cheerfully（副词，高兴地；愉快地） 。 He greeted us cheerfully.（他愉快地和我们打招呼。） 12.choose （chose;chosen）：动词，选择；挑选 如，He chose the best one among them.（他在它们当中挑选了最好的一个。） You can choose from these books.（你可以从这些书中选择。） I choose to study abroad.（我选择出国留学。） 【拓展】 choice（名词，选择；选择权） 。 如，It's your choice.（这是你的选择。） It's your choice whether to go or not.（去不去由你选择。） 常见短语： make a choice：做出选择。 You have to make a choice between the two options.（你必须在这两个选项中做出选择。） 13.clean：动词、形容词，动词意为打扫；清理 ；形容词意为清洁的；干净的 如，Keep your hands clean.（保持你的手清洁。） The room is clean and tidy.（房间干净整洁。） 常见短语： clean up：打扫干净；清理。 We need to clean up the classroom after class.（课后我们需要打扫教室。） 【拓展】 cleaner（名词，清洁工；清洁剂） 。 The cleaner is cleaning the floor.（清洁工正在打扫地板。） cleanly（副词，干净地；清洁地） 。 He writes cleanly.（他书写工整。） 14.clear：形容词、动词，形容词意为清楚的；晴朗的；明显的 ；动词意为清除；清理 如，It's clear that he is lying.（很明显他在说谎。） The sky cleared up after the rain.（雨后天空放晴了。） 常见短语： clear out：清理；丢掉。 I need to clear out my closet this weekend.（我这个周末需要清理我的衣柜。） 【拓展】clearly（副词，清楚地；清晰地） 。 He spoke clearly.（他说得很清楚。） 15.close：动词、形容词，动词意为关闭；结束，读音是/kləʊz/。形容词意为亲密的；紧密的 ；接近的；靠近的，读音是/kləʊs/。 如，The factory closed down last year.（这家工厂去年倒闭了。） They are close friends.（他们是亲密的朋友。） 常见短语：close to：靠近；接近。 The school is close to my home.（学校离我家很近。） 16.comfortable：形容词，舒适的；舒服的；自在的 如，I feel comfortable in this chair.（我坐在这把椅子上感觉很舒服。） 常见结构：be comfortable (in) doing sth.，表示做某事感到自在。 如，She is comfortable speaking English in front of the class because she practices it every day. 她每天都练习英语，所以在全班同学面前说英语时感觉很自在。 【拓展】 1）comfort：名词，舒适；安慰；动词，安慰；使舒适。 如，She found comfort in her mother's arms.（她在母亲的怀抱中找到了安慰。） 2）comfortably：副词，舒适地；自在地。 They live comfortably in their new house.（他们在新房子里住得很舒适。） 3）uncomfortable，意思是“不舒服的；不自在的；令人不适的 ”。 如， The shoes are too tight and make me uncomfortable.（这双鞋太紧了，让我不舒服。） She felt uncomfortable in the strange environment.（她在陌生的环境中感到不自在。 ） 17.common：形容词：常见的；；共同的；普通的；名词：与---相同 如，It's just common sense to lock the door when you leave.（离开时锁门是常识。） 常见短语：have----in common：有相同特征，（想法，兴趣等方面）相同。 They have a lot in common.（他们有很多共同之处。） 18.communicate：动词，沟通；交流 如，I communicate with my friends abroad by email.（我通过电子邮件和国外的朋友交流。） 【拓展】 communication：名词，交流；沟通；通讯。 如，Good communication is essential in a relationship.（良好的沟通在人际关系中至关重要。） 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$