Unit 1 Section Ⅴ Extended reading(课件PPT+Word教案)-【步步高】2024-2025学年高一英语必修第三册教师用书（译林版2020）

Section Ⅴ Extended reading Nature in the balance Unit 1 Part 1　课文整体理解 Part 2　长句难句分析 整体理解 课文 3 Step 1　速读——整体理解文意 Ⅰ.明文章大意 What is the main idea of the passage? A.The local people are all against environmental pollution. B.There are different viewpoints on environmental pollution. C.The advantages of opening a factory outweigh the disadvantages. D.Environmental protection is a long-term task that requires joint efforts. √ Ⅱ.悉篇章结构 Smith: When I first moved here, the air was 3._____, the grass green and the water clear. Then things became entirely 4._________. I protest against heavy industry. Host: Our topic today is 1.________ in Norgate. Norgate’s rapid development has had significant environmental 2.______. Brown: I think I speak 5.____ all factory managers when I say we’re deeply concerned about the environment. We’ve been taking various 6.___________, including the use of new technologies.I’d also like to draw your attention to the economic 7._______ factories have brought to Norgate. Archer: Our committee has a major role to play in maintaining air and water 8._________. However, fighting pollution isn’t just a task for factories and the 9._____________. Everyone can help by following the golden rule: reduce, reuse and 10._______. pollution costs fresh different for measures benefits quality government recycle Step 2　细读——深度获取细节 1.What can we learn from Mr Smith’s words? A.He never coughs due to the pollution. B.He thinks Norgate has always been a polluted city. C.He thinks it is heavy industry that has polluted Norgate. D.He thinks Norgate used to be a city where the air wasn’t clean. √ 2.Which side is Mr Brown in favor of? A.The local residents. B.The factories. C.The government. 　 D.The community. √ 3.What can we infer from Archer’s opinion? A.Some factories have created jobs for local residents. B.It is the government’s duty to protect the environment. C.Everyone should do his best to protect the environment. D.Their committee has made environmental policies for citizens to follow. √ 4.What can we infer from the text? A.Economy is the most important. B.Environment and economy are separable. C.All the people are not responsible for the environment. D.We should not develop our economy at the cost of the environment. √ 5.What’s the main tone of this TV show? A.Critical. B.Objective. C.Subjective. D.Indifferent. √ Step 3　读后——课文语法填空 Three guests—James Smith，a local resident；Vincent Brown，senior manager of a local factory；and Julie Archer，chief of the Norgate Environmental Protection Committee—are invited to the TV show News that Matters.The topic is pollution in Norgate.Norgate’s rapid development has had significant 1.________________(environment) costs.Mr Smith protests against heavy industry.From Mr Smith’s point of view，after heavy industry 2._________(move) in，things became 3._________(entire) different.For health and safety reasons alone，heavy industry has to go. environmental moved entirely However，Mr Brown 4.______(hold) the idea differently.He speaks in defence 5.____ factories and factory managers.In his opinion，factories try to control the amount of pollution they produce and factory managers，6._____ are deeply concerned about the environment，have been taking various 7._________(measure) to reduce pollution in 8.______ production process，even though the measures raise the production costs.As far as Mrs Archer is concerned，their committee has a major role 9.________ (play) in maintaining air and water quality.Besides，they also work hand in hand with other branches of government. holds of who measures the to play However，fighting pollution has to be a community-wide effort，and everyone can help by 10.__________(follow) the golden rule：reduce，reuse and recycle. 返 回 following 难句分析 长句 14 1.Joining us in the studio tonight are James Smith，a local resident；Vincent Brown，senior manager of a local factory；and Julie Archer，chief of the Norgate Environmental Protection Committee.(P11，Lines 2－4) 结构分析：此句是谓语部分的现在分词置于句首引起句子的________。 汉语翻译：_____________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Ⅰ.补句子　析结构 完全倒装 今晚来到我们演播室的有本地居民詹姆斯•史密斯、本地一家工厂的高管文森特•布朗，还有诺盖特环境保护委员会的负责人朱莉•阿彻。 2.In ________(defend) of the factories，however，I’d like to point out that we also try to control ______ amount of pollution we produce.(P11，Lines 19－21) 结构分析：此句是______句。其中that引导_______从句；we produce是省略了关系代词__________的定语从句，修饰先行词_________。 汉语翻译：_____________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ defence the 复合 宾语 that/which pollution 不过，我要为工厂说句话，我想指出，我们也在努力控制所产生的污染量。 3.I think I speak for all factory managers when I say we’re deeply concerned _______ the environment.(P11，Lines 21－22) 结构分析：此句是______句。I speak for all factory managers是______从句，省略了连接词______，作think的______。when引导__________从句。say后面是省略了_____的______从句。 汉语翻译：_____________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ about 复合 宾语 that 宾语 时间状语 that 宾语 我们对环境问题深感担忧，我想，我是代表所有的工厂负责人说的这句话。 4.We’ve been taking _______(variety) measures，including the use of new technologies，to reduce pollution in the production process，even though these measures raise our production costs.(P11－12，Lines 22－25) 结构分析：此句是_____句。to reduce...process是动词不定式作________；even though引导_________从句。 汉语翻译：_____________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ various 复合 目的状语 让步状语 我们一直在采取各种措施，包括使用新技术，以减少生产过程中的污染，尽管这些措施提高了我们的生产成本。 5.We also work hand ______ hand with other branches of government to ensure that development strategies are followed in an _________________ (environmental) friendly way.(P12，Lines 36－38) 结构分析：此句是______句。动词不定式to ensure...作__________；that引导______从句，作ensure的_____。 汉语翻译：_____________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ in environmentally 复合 目的状语 宾语 宾语 我们也与其他政府部门携手，确保以一种环境友好的方式贯彻发展战略。 6.It’s our duty to protect the environment while we aim _______ economic development.(P12，Lines 50－51) 结构分析：此句是_____句。it是__________，动词不定式短语to protect the environment是真正的______；while引导_________从句。 汉语翻译：_____________________________________________________ for 复合 形式主语 主语 时间状语 在追求经济发展的同时保护环境，这是我们的责任。 Ⅱ.研典句　学用法 with复合结构作状语 With pollution levels on the rise，the Norgate Environmental Protection Committee is searching for ways to fight the problem.(P12，Lines 28－30) 鉴于污染程度不断加重，诺盖特环境保护委员会正在设法应对这个问题。 结构分析：此句是简单句。句中With pollution levels on the rise为with复合结构，在句中作状语。 with复合结构作状语的构成： 表示主动、进行) done(表示被动、完成) to do(表示将来的动作) 介词短语/形容词/副词 with＋宾语＋ (1)With the exam ____________(approach)，the girl was a little nervous. (2)With more and more forest __________(damage)，some wildlife is facing the danger of dying out. approaching damaged (3)(应用文写作之求助信)由于有太多的工作要做，我焦虑不安，晚上睡不好觉。 ________________________，I suffer from anxiety and can’t sleep well at night. (4)(读后续写之场景描写)美丽的月亮挂在天空，我们坐在一起吃各种月饼，分享我们的故事。 With ____________________________，we sit together and eat various mooncakes，sharing our stories. 写作佳句 With too much work to do the beautiful moon in the sky (5)(读后续写之心理描写)汤姆扑进母亲的怀里，羞愧和尴尬的泪水在他眼眶里打转。 Tom threw himself into his mother’s arms，_________________ _____________________________________. with tears of shame and embarrassment welling up in his eyes _______________ _______________________ _______________ _____________ _________ ______________ __________ 课文重点词块默写 1.一位当地居民 2.变得完全不同 3.又脏又臭 4.烟灰色 5.摆脱 6.抗议 7.往往会 a local resident become entirely different dirty and smelly a smoky grey get rid of protest against tend to do 8.把……与……联系起来 9.不负责任的商人们 10.渴望做某事 11.牟取暴利 12.为了维护…… 13.指出 14.控制污染量 15.代表……讲话 _______________ _______________________ _________________ _________________ ____________ _________ ____________________________ _________ connect ...with... irresponsible businessmen (be) eager to do sth make huge profits in defence of point out control the amount of pollution speak for 16.对……深感担忧 17.采取各种措施 18.在生产过程中 19.增加生产成本 20.引起某人对……的关注 21.经济利益 22.寻找 23.在……方面起重要作用 ________________________ ____________________ _______________________ ____________________ _____________________ ________________ __________ ___________________________ be deeply concerned about take various measures in the production process raise production costs draw one’s attention to economic benefits search for have a major role to play in... 24.在……和……之间实现平衡 25.制定政策供某人遵守 26.与……一起努力 27.以一种环境友好的方式 28.全社会通力协作 29.遵守黄金法则 30.让人们摆脱贫困 31.推动经济增长 ______________________________ ___________________________ ________________________ _______________________________ ______________________ ____________________ _______________________ _______________________ achieve a balance between...and... make policies for sb to observe work hand in hand with... in an environmentally friendly way a community-wide effort follow the golden rule lift people out of poverty advance economic growth 32.同一场战斗 33.以……为目标 34.共同的未来 _____________________ _________ _______________ 返 回 one and the same fight aim for... a shared future $$ Section Ⅴ　Extended reading Step 1　速读——整体理解文意 Ⅰ.明文章大意 What is the main idea of the passage? A．The local people are all against environmental pollution. B．There are different viewpoints on environmental pollution. C．The advantages of opening a factory outweigh the disadvantages. D．Environmental protection is a long-term task that requires joint efforts. 答案　D Ⅱ.悉篇章结构 Step 2　细读——深度获取细节 1．What can we learn from Mr Smith’s words? A．He never coughs due to the pollution. B．He thinks Norgate has always been a polluted city. C．He thinks it is heavy industry that has polluted Norgate. D．He thinks Norgate used to be a city where the air wasn’t clean. 答案　C 2．Which side is Mr Brown in favor of? A．The local residents. B．The factories. C．The government. 　 D．The community. 答案　B 3．What can we infer from Archer’s opinion? A．Some factories have created jobs for local residents. B．It is the government’s duty to protect the environment. C．Everyone should do his best to protect the environment. D．Their committee has made environmental policies for citizens to follow. 答案　C 4．What can we infer from the text? A．Economy is the most important. B．Environment and economy are separable. C．All the people are not responsible for the environment. D．We should not develop our economy at the cost of the environment. 答案　D 5．What’s the main tone of this TV show? A．Critical. B．Objective. C．Subjective. D．Indifferent. 答案　B Step 3　读后——课文语法填空 Three guests—James Smith，a local resident；Vincent Brown，senior manager of a local factory；and Julie Archer，chief of the Norgate Environmental Protection Committee—are invited to the TV show News that Matters.The topic is pollution in Norgate.Norgate’s rapid development has had significant 1.environmental(environment) costs.Mr Smith protests against heavy industry.From Mr Smith’s point of view，after heavy industry 2.moved(move) in，things became 3.entirely(entire) different.For health and safety reasons alone，heavy industry has to go.However，Mr Brown 4.holds(hold) the idea differently.He speaks in defence 5.of factories and factory managers.In his opinion，factories try to control the amount of pollution they produce and factory managers，6.who are deeply concerned about the environment，have been taking various 7.measures(measure) to reduce pollution in 8.the production process，even though the measures raise the production costs.As far as Mrs Archer is concerned，their committee has a major role 9.to play(play) in maintaining air and water quality.Besides，they also work hand in hand with other branches of government.However，fighting pollution has to be a community-wide effort，and everyone can help by 10.following(follow) the golden rule：reduce，reuse and recycle. Ⅰ.补句子　析结构 1．Joining us in the studio tonight are James Smith，a local resident；Vincent Brown，senior manager of a local factory；and Julie Archer，chief of the Norgate Environmental Protection Committee.(P11，Lines 2－4) 结构分析：此句是谓语部分的现在分词置于句首引起句子的完全倒装。 汉语翻译：今晚来到我们演播室的有本地居民詹姆斯•史密斯、本地一家工厂的高管文森特•布朗，还有诺盖特环境保护委员会的负责人朱莉•阿彻。 2．In defence(defend) of the factories，however，I’d like to point out that we also try to control the amount of pollution we produce.(P11，Lines 19－21) 结构分析：此句是复合句。其中that引导宾语从句；we produce是省略了关系代词that/which的定语从句，修饰先行词pollution。 汉语翻译：不过，我要为工厂说句话，我想指出，我们也在努力控制所产生的污染量。 3．I think I speak for all factory managers when I say we’re deeply concerned about the environment.(P11，Lines 21－22) 结构分析：此句是复合句。I speak for all factory managers是宾语从句，省略了连接词that，作think的宾语。when引导时间状语从句。say后面是省略了that的宾语从句。 汉语翻译：我们对环境问题深感担忧，我想，我是代表所有的工厂负责人说的这句话。 4．We’ve been taking various(variety) measures，including the use of new technologies，to reduce pollution in the production process，even though these measures raise our production costs.(P11－12，Lines 22－25) 结构分析：此句是复合句。to reduce...process是动词不定式作目的状语；even though引导让步状语从句。 汉语翻译：我们一直在采取各种措施，包括使用新技术，以减少生产过程中的污染，尽管这些措施提高了我们的生产成本。 5．We also work hand in hand with other branches of government to ensure that development strategies are followed in an environmentally(environmental) friendly way.(P12，Lines 36－38) 结构分析：此句是复合句。动词不定式to ensure...作目的状语；that引导宾语从句，作ensure的宾语。 汉语翻译：我们也与其他政府部门携手，确保以一种环境友好的方式贯彻发展战略。 6．It’s our duty to protect the environment while we aim for economic development.(P12，Lines 50－51) 结构分析：此句是复合句。it是形式主语，动词不定式短语to protect the environment是真正的主语；while引导时间状语从句。 汉语翻译：在追求经济发展的同时保护环境，这是我们的责任。 Ⅱ.研典句　学用法 with复合结构作状语 With pollution levels on the rise，the Norgate Environmental Protection Committee is searching for ways to fight the problem.(P12，Lines 28－30) 鉴于污染程度不断加重，诺盖特环境保护委员会正在设法应对这个问题。 结构分析：此句是简单句。句中With pollution levels on the rise为with复合结构，在句中作状语。 ————————————————————————————————————————with复合结构作状语的构成： with＋宾语＋ ———————————————————————————————————————— (1)With the exam approaching(approach)，the girl was a little nervous. (2)With more and more forest damaged(damage)，some wildlife is facing the danger of dying out. [写作佳句] (3)(应用文写作之求助信)由于有太多的工作要做，我焦虑不安，晚上睡不好觉。 With too much work to do，I suffer from anxiety and can’t sleep well at night. (4)(读后续写之场景描写)美丽的月亮挂在天空，我们坐在一起吃各种月饼，分享我们的故事。 With the beautiful moon in the sky，we sit together and eat various mooncakes，sharing our stories. (5)(读后续写之心理描写)汤姆扑进母亲的怀里，羞愧和尴尬的泪水在他眼眶里打转。 Tom threw himself into his mother’s arms，with tears of shame and embarrassment welling up in his eyes. 课文重点词块默写 1．一位当地居民a local resident 2．变得完全不同become entirely different 3．又脏又臭dirty and smelly 4．烟灰色a smoky grey 5．摆脱get rid of 6．抗议protest against 7．往往会tend to do 8．把……与……联系起来connect ...with... 9．不负责任的商人们irresponsible businessmen 10．渴望做某事(be) eager to do sth 11．牟取暴利make huge profits 12．为了维护…… in defence of 13．指出point out 14．控制污染量control the amount of pollution 15．代表……讲话speak for 16．对……深感担忧be deeply concerned about 17．采取各种措施take various measures 18．在生产过程中in the production process 19．增加生产成本raise production costs 20．引起某人对……的关注draw one’s attention to 21．经济利益economic benefits 22．寻找search for 23．在……方面起重要作用have a major role to play in... 24．在……和……之间实现平衡achieve a balance between...and... 25．制定政策供某人遵守 make policies for sb to observe 26．与……一起努力work hand in hand with... 27．以一种环境友好的方式in an environmentally friendly way 28．全社会通力协作a community-wide effort 29．遵守黄金法则follow the golden rule 30．让人们摆脱贫困lift people out of poverty 31．推动经济增长advance economic growth 32．同一场战斗one and the same fight 33．以……为目标aim for... 34．共同的未来a shared future 训练5　Extended reading　[分值：62.5分] Ⅰ.单句写作(课文佳句仿写)(共15分) 1．我很荣幸被邀请参加明天在贵校举行的“中国文化日”活动。(it作形式主语) It is a great honor for me to be invited to take part in the “Chinese Culture Day” to be held at your school tomorrow. 2．参加活动的有来自贵校的老师、同学和受邀的嘉宾。(完全倒装) Attending the activity are teachers，classmates from your school and invited guests. 3．由于爷爷突然生病住院了，我明天必须去那里照顾他。(with的复合结构) With my grandpa suddenly falling ill and in hospital now，I have to go there and attend to him tomorrow. 4．再次对给您带来的不便表示歉意。(定语从句) Once again，I am sorry for any inconvenience that has been brought to you. 5．我希望你们所有人都能玩得开心，对中国文化有更深的了解。(that引导宾语从句) I do hope that all of you can have fun and have a deeper understanding of Chinese culture. 组句成篇　以上句子可以加上过渡词语和其他联想内容组成一篇小短文。 参考范文 Dear Sir/Madam， It is a great honor for me to be invited to take part in the “Chinese Culture Day” to be held at your school tomorrow.I have been looking forward to it.Attending the activity are teachers，classmates from your school and invited guests. However，much to my regret，I shall not be able to make it now.With my grandpa suddenly falling ill and in hospital now，I have to go there and attend to him tomorrow.I apologize for the sudden change of plan and feel it a great pity to miss the opportunity to be with you.Hopefully，I will have another chance to join you in the future. Once again，I am sorry for any inconvenience that has been brought to you.I wish the activity a great success.I do hope that all of you can have fun and have a deeper understanding of Chinese culture. Yours， Li Hua Ⅱ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分，共20分) A Protected areas have mixed success in protecting wildlife，according to the largest study on the effects of reserves(保护区)． A team led by researchers from the U．K.examined water bird data from 1,506 protected areas and analyzed more than 27,000 bird populations across the world.The authors write that their study，published in Nature，is the first robust(强有力的)，global assessment of protected areas’ influence on bird populations.The scientists found that protected areas with management of water birds and their habitats were more likely to benefit those populations. “Our study shows that，while many protected areas are working well，many others are failing to have positive effect，” lead author Hannah Wauchope of the University of Exeter says in a statement.The study compared water bird populations before and after the establishment of protected areas and also compared trends of similar populations within and outside of protected areas.Water birds respond quickly to changes in site quality，making them a good group to look at when studying the impact of protected areas. “In the majority of places we looked at，wildlife populations were still stable or were increasing，but they weren’t doing any better than in unprotected areas，” Wauchope says.“That’s disappointing，but not surprising.There seems to be this disconnect between people talking about how much land is protected and whether those areas are actually doing anything positive.” This research comes ahead of a United Nations meeting in China to discuss biodiversity goals for the next decade.Several countries have already devoted to protecting 30 percent of the planet by 2030，yet researchers say protection alone does not necessarily ensure positive outcomes for species. “We are not saying protected areas don’t work，” Wauchope concludes in the statement.“The key point is that their effects vary hugely，and the biggest thing this depends on is whether they are managed with species in mind—we can’t just expect protected areas to work without effective management.” 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了保护区在保护野生动物方面成败参半的现状，表达了保护区需要有效管理的观点。 1．What can we know from paragraph 2? A．The researchers may come from any European countries. B．The team studied lots of water bird data in so many protected areas. C．Many readers comment that the study is robust and influential. D．The protected areas with no management can benefit water birds. 答案　B 解析　细节理解题。根据第二段中“A team led by researchers from the U．K.examined water bird data from 1,506 protected areas and analyzed more than 27,000 bird populations across the world.”可知，团队研究了许多保护区的大量水鸟的数据。故选B。 2．Why were water birds chosen as the study subject? A．Because they can quickly respond to environmental changes. B．Because they can create significant financial profits. C．Because they can help change the quality of waters. D．Because they can’t be found outside protected areas. 答案　A 解析　细节理解题。根据第三段中“Water birds respond quickly to changes in site quality，making them a good group to look at when studying the impact of protected areas.”可知，水鸟被选为研究对象是因为它们对环境的变化反应迅速。故选A。 3．What can we know according to Wauchope? A．Every protected area was doing much better than unprotected areas. B．It’s unexpected to find out the uselessness of some preserves. C．Most wildlife populations were still stable or were increasing. D．The researchers thought that the protected areas don’t work at all. 答案　C 解析　细节理解题。根据第四段中Wauchope所说的话“In the majority of places we looked at，wildlife populations were still stable or were increasing，but they weren’t doing any better than in unprotected areas”可知，大多数的野生动物的种群数量保持稳定或正在增长。故选C。 4．What is the main idea of this passage? A．Unprotected areas are always better than protected areas. B．Unprotected areas show no improvement of animal protection. C．Protected areas can greatly contribute to animal protection. D．Protected areas need effective management based on a study. 答案　D 解析　主旨大意题。通读全文尤其根据最后一段中“The key point is that their effects vary hugely...we can’t just expect protected areas to work without effective management.”可知，本文主要介绍了一项研究表明，保护区需要有效管理。故选D。 B This summer we witnessed interview teams at the North Pole wearing short-sleeved shirts due to the warm weather.A study published on Aug.29 revealed more concerning issues in the supposedly coldest area of the world.Zombie ice from a massive Greenland ice sheet was confirmed to be melting，which would eventually raise global sea levels by at least 10 inches(25 centimeters) on its own，reported Associated Press(AP)． Zombie ice is the kind of ice that is still attached to thicker areas of ice，but is no longer getting fed by larger glaciers.Since glaciers are getting less snow to complement the amount of ice melted，once the zombie ice is melted，it cannot be re-formed. Scientists decided to look at the balance of the ice.In perfect equilibrium，snow in the mountains of Greenland flows down and thickens the sides of glaciers，balancing out what’s melting on the edges，according to AP.But in the last few decades，there is less refill and more melting，creating an imbalance. Study co-author William Colgan at the Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland told AP that 3.3 percent of Greenland’s total ice volume will melt eventually.“Starving would be a good phrase for what’s happening to the ice，” Colgan added. With a great number of natural resources buried under the earth，areas of melted ice revealed treasures that attracted the world’s richest men.According to CNN，in early August，there was a “treasure hunt” in Greenland.Billionaires，including Bill Gates and others，financially backed KoBold Metals，a US-based mineral exploration company，to explore the rare metals under the glaciers in Greenland.The company told CNN that since there were enough minerals to power hundreds of millions of electric vehicles，the critical resource is capable of powering the green energy transition. While investors are taking advantage of global warming，experts express their concerns that the mineral exploration is likely to worsen the local environment，draining up the world’s resources at a faster rate. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了全球变暖导致的极地冰层融化加快及其造成的严重后果。 5．What do we know about zombie ice? A．It has increased sea levels by up to 10 inches. B．It’s totally independent from large glaciers. C．It will melt away from the ice sheet. D．It’s complemented by nearby natural resources. 答案　C 解析　细节理解题。根据第一段中“Zombie ice from a massive Greenland ice sheet was confirmed to be melting”和第二段中“once the zombie ice is melted，it cannot be re-formed”可知，僵尸冰正在融化，而且不会再重新形成，即它将从冰盖上消失。故选C项。 6．What does paragraph 2 mainly talk about? A．Why melted zombie ice can’t be re-formed. B．What larger glaciers exactly are. C．What the melting of zombie ice can lead to. D．How zombie ice functions in the ecosystem. 答案　A 解析　段落大意题。根据第二段“Zombie ice is the kind of ice that is still attached to thicker areas of ice...once the zombie ice is melted，it cannot be re-formed.”可知，本段主要介绍了为什么一旦僵尸冰融化，就无法重新形成。故选A项。 7．What’s the experts’ attitude toward the “treasure hunt” in Greenland? A．Supportive. B．Tolerant. C．Indifferent. D．Worried. 答案　D 解析　观点态度题。根据最后一段“While investors are taking advantage of global warming，experts express their concerns...the world’s resources at a faster rate.”可知，专家们对投资者们在格陵兰岛的“寻宝游戏”持担忧的态度。故选D项。 8．What does the underlined part “draining up” in the last paragraph mean? A．Cutting up. B．Using up. C．Pulling up. D．Picking up. 答案　B 解析　词义猜测题。根据画线部分前的“experts express their concerns that the mineral exploration is likely to worsen the local environment”和之后的“the world’s resources at a faster rate”可知，专家不认可勘探冰层下资源的做法，认为这会破坏当地环境，并以更快的速度消耗掉世界资源。故推测draining up意为“用完，耗尽”。故选B项。 Ⅲ.七选五(每小题2.5分，共12.5分) Many people think of sharks as dangerous monsters.But human beings cause a far greater danger to them than they do to us.Although shark attacks do occur，they are quite rare.According to one estimate，however，humans kill 100 million sharks every year. 1 Why should we save the sharks? Sharks take up the top position on the food chain in the ocean.As sharks die off，the population of the animals that sharks consume will increase.This，in turn，means that the number of the creatures those animals eat will drop. 2 Fish that eat algae(藻类) are also included.This can cause algae to spread so much that it damages coral reefs. 3 The ocean not only produces more oxygen than all the rainforests on Earth combined，but also removes half of the man-made greenhouse gas from the atmosphere.Once sharks die off，the global ecosystem will be upset，affecting all creatures including human beings. Don’t use shark products. First，vitamin energy drinks and leather goods can be made from shark parts. 4 In addition，shark meat is sold around the world，sometimes under misleading names such as rock salmon or whitefish. Shark fin soup is a popular dish.However，the process of getting fins is cruel.Fishermen cut the shark’s fins off and then throw the shark back into the water，still alive. 5 Sharks breathe by swimming，so a shark that can’t swim will die. A．It is time for children to learn about sharks. B．Shark oil is also used in many popular beauty products. C．Then the shark dies slowly，sometimes over several days. D．Actually，the killing of sharks will affect the whole planet. E．People in some countries are especially keen on shark products. F．Among them are some sea fish that humans consume every day. G．This number is a warning that many kinds of sharks may die out. 1．答案　G 解析　空前一句提到人类每年杀死1亿只鲨鱼，下文提到我们应该保护鲨鱼，所以G项“这个数字是一个警告，许多种类的鲨鱼可能会灭绝”符合语境，G项中“This number”指代上文的“100 million”，故选G。 2．答案　F 解析　上文提到鲨鱼数量减少对食物链的影响，结合下文“Fish that...also included”可知，空处应是提到鱼类会受到影响，F项“其中有一些是人类每天食用的海鱼”符合语境，F项中的“Among them”呼应下文的“also included”，故选F。 3．答案　D 解析　根据下文“Once sharks die off，the global ecosystem will be upset，affecting all creatures including human beings.”可知，本段是讲述鲨鱼数量减少对全球生态系统的影响，D项“事实上，捕杀鲨鱼会影响到整个地球”统领本段，符合语境。故选D。 4．答案　B 解析　空前一句提到鲨鱼被制成饮料和皮制品，空后一句提到鲨鱼肉被售卖，可知本段是在介绍鲨鱼制品，B项“鲨鱼油也被用于许多流行的美容产品中”符合语境，故选B。 5．答案　C 解析　空前一句提到被割掉鱼鳍的鲨鱼被扔回海里，空后一句说明没有鱼鳍的鲨鱼不能游泳，无法呼吸，所以几天就会死亡，C项“然后鲨鱼慢慢死去，有时会持续几天”符合语境，故选C。 Ⅳ.语法填空(每小题1.5分，共15分) The Sahara Desert is the world’s 1. (large) hot desert，located in North Africa.2. (it) area is about 3.5 million square miles.This 3. (make) it almost as large 4. the United States of America. The Sahara Desert is famous for many large sand dunes(沙丘)，some of 5. can reach more than 600 feet high. The Sahara Desert has been largely dry and with little plant life more than 5,000 years.Before this time，it was far wetter.This allowed more plants 6. (live) across the desert.There is evidence that many types of river animals have lived in the Sahara Desert.These have been found 7.__________(main) in southeast Algeria. The climate of the Sahara Desert has changed over several thousands of years.The area is smaller than it was during the last ice age.It was the end of the last ice age that brought a high level of rainfall to the Sahara.This was between 8000 8. 6000 BCE.Since this time，the northern part of the Sahara has dried out.Though the southern Sahara still receives rain during rainy season，it is still 9. (little) than before. Modern times have seen a few 10. (development) for the Sahara.One of these is that mines have been built to get the most from the natural resources (资源) within the area. 语篇解读　这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了撒哈拉沙漠是位于北非的世界上最大的沙漠，并对相关情况进行了介绍。 1．答案　largest 解析　考查最高级。“the＋形容词最高级”表示最……的。故填largest。 2．答案　Its 解析　考查形容词性物主代词。空后为area，应用形容词性物主代词修饰名词，指代撒哈拉沙漠。故填Its。 3．答案　makes 解析　考查动词时态和主谓一致。This作主语，且文章时态为一般现在时，所以用第三人称单数。故填makes。 4．答案　as 解析　考查固定句型。固定句型as...as...“和……一样”。故填as。 5．答案　which 解析　考查定语从句。分析句子可知，该句是非限定性定语从句，先行词是large sand dunes，表物。some of which表“其中的一部分”。故填which。 6．答案　to live 解析　考查非谓语动词。allow sb to do sth“允许某人做某事”。所以填to live。 7．答案　mainly 解析　考查词性转换。分析句子可知，此处应用副词修饰动词found。故填mainly。 8．答案　and 解析　考查连词。固定句型between...and...“在……到……之间”。故填and。 9．答案　less 解析　考查形容词的比较级。根据后文than可知，空处是进行比较，所以用比较级，little的比较级是less。故填less。 10．答案　developments 解析　考查名词复数。a few＋可数名词复数，意为“很多……”。development在此处指“发展势态，进展情况”，是可数名词，故填developments。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$