精品解析：广东省揭阳市惠来县第一中学2024-2025学年高二下学期第一次阶段考试英语试题

2024-2025年度第二学期 惠来一中高二级第一次阶段考英语试卷 时间：120分钟，满分130分 第一部分 阅读(共两节，满分40分) 第一节 (共11小题;每小题2.5分，满分27.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A The following 4 famous paintings — from Jan van Eyck’s portrait to Pablo Picasso’s masterpiece — have stood the test of time. The Amolfini Portrait Jan van Eyck’s Amolfini Portrait, an oil painting on wood produced in 1434, in which a man and a woman hold hands with a window behind him and a bed behind her, is undoubtedly one of the masterpieces in the National Gallery, London. This painting is as visually interesting as it is famed. It is also an informative document on fifteenth-century society, through van Eyck’s heavy use of symbolism — while husbands went out to engage in business, wives concerned themselves with domestic duties. The Starry Night Vincent van Gogh painted The Starry Night, oil on canvas (帆布), a moderately abstract landscape painting of an expressive night sky over a small hillside village, during his 12-month stay at the mental hospital near Saint–Remy-de-Provence, France between 1889 and 1890. When the Museum of Modem Art in New York City purchased the painting from a private collector in 1941, it was not well known, but it has since become one of van Gogh’s most famous works. The Harvesters The Harvesters is an oil painting on wood completed by Pieter Bruegel the Elder in 1565. It describes the harvest time which most commonly occurred within the months of August and September. Nicolaes Jonghelinck, a merchant banker and art collector from Antwerp, commissioned this painting. The painting has been at the Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York City since 1919. Guernica Guernica, a large black-and-white oil painting, was painted by the Cubist Spanish painter, Pablo Picasso in 1937. The title ‘Guernica’ refers to the city that was bombed by Nazi planes during the Spanish Civil War. The painting depicts the horrors of war and as a result, has come to be an anti-war symbol and a reminder of the tragedies of war. Today, the painting is housed at the Museo Nacional Centro de Arte Reina Sofia in Madrid. 1. Which of the following paintings was produced earliest? A. Guernica. B. The Harvesters. C. The Starry Night. D. The Amolfini Portrait. 2. Who created the painting describing the harvest seasons? A. Pieter Bruegel the Elder. B. Vincent van Gogh. C. Jan van Eyck. D. Pablo Picasso. 3. What do we know about the painting The Starry Night? A. It was painted on wood in oils. B. It described the painter’s life in hospital. C. It wasn’t widely recognized before 1941. D. It was given away to the museum by a collector. 【答案】1. D 2. A 3. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四幅经受住了时间考验的著名画作。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据The Amolfini Portrait部分“Jan van Eyck’s Amolfini Portrait, an oil painting on wood produced in 1434(扬・凡・艾克的《阿尔诺芬尼夫妇像》，一幅创作于1434年的木板油画)”；The Starry Night部分“Vincent van Gogh painted The Starry Night, oil on canvas (帆布), a moderately abstract landscape painting of an expressive night sky over a small hillside village, during his 12-month stay at the mental hospital near Saint–Remy-de-Provence, France between 1889 and 1890.(文森特・梵高在1889年至1890年期间，于法国圣雷米德普罗旺斯附近的精神病院里待了12个月，在此期间，他创作了《星夜》这幅布面油画。这是一幅适度抽象的风景画，描绘了一个小山坡村庄上方富有表现力的夜空)”；The Harvesters部分“The Harvesters is an oil painting on wood completed by Pieter Bruegel the Elder in 1565.(收获者》是一幅由老彼得・勃鲁盖尔于1565年完成的木板油画)”；Guernica部分“Guernica, a large black-and-white oil painting, was painted by the Cubist Spanish painter, Pablo Picasso in 1937.(格尔尼卡》，一幅大型黑白油画，是由立体派西班牙画家巴勃罗・毕加索于1937年创作的)”。对比创作时间可知，《阿尔诺芬尼夫妇像》创作时间最早。故选D。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据The Harvesters部分 “The Harvesters is an oil painting on wood completed by Pieter Bruegel the Elder in 1565. It describes the harvest time which most commonly occurred within the months of August and September.(《收获者》是一幅由老彼得・勃鲁盖尔于 1565 年完成的木板油画。它描绘了最常出现在八月和九月的收获时节)”可知，是老彼得・勃鲁盖尔创作了这幅描绘收获季节的画作。故选A。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据The Starry Night部分中的描述，“When the Museum of Modem Art in New York City purchased the painting from a private collector in 1941, it was not well known, but it has since become one of van Gogh’s most famous works.(1941年，当纽约现代艺术博物馆从一位私人收藏家手中购买这幅画时，它并不出名，但后来却成了梵高最著名的作品之一)”可知，The Starry Night在1941年之前并未被广泛认可。故选C。 B Mikah Frye, a 9-year-old boy, was walking down the streets with his grandmother discussing Christmas gifts when he saw some homeless people struggling to stay warm in the cold night. Then he was thinking about a way to help the homeless to spend a warm Christmas. That thought stayed in Mikah Frye’s mind and when he reached home, Mikah informed his parents not to buy the Microsoft XBox gaming device he had asked for earlier. Mikah realized that by not buying the $300 device, he could instead donate over 30 blankets to the homeless. He knew how much it meant to be warm in the cold holiday season. Three years ago, Mikah and his parents were the ones living in a homeless shelter. Having suffered a financial crisis, they too had lost their house, not knowing where their next meal would come from and sharing a blanket every night. Mikah was six years old then but he remembered what it was like to have to give back that precious blanket every morning. Reaching out to the emergency shelter programme that looked after them 3 years ago, the family donated 60 blankets in the end, each with a personalized message of hope in Mikah’s handwriting stating: “They gave me a blanket, but I had to leave it. That’s why I want you to have your own blanket. Today, I live in my own house, and someday you will too. Your friend, Mikah.” The homeless people at the shelter may not have been able to give Mikah a Christmas gift in return but his gesture was noted by the billion dollar company Microsoft who made sure that Mikah was fooled into visiting their store so that Santa Claus could personally deliver an XBox from the company to him as a reward for making the top of “Santa’s list of nice boys” that year. 4. Why did Mikah give up his Christmas gift? A. The device was out of date. B. His parents had a tight budget. C. He wanted to spend a warm Christmas. D. He decided to do something charitable. 5. What made Mikah have a better understanding of the situation of the homeless? A. His own experience. B. His parents’ education. C. His visiting to the emergency shelter. D. The cold weather during the holiday season. 6. What can be inferred from the last two paragraphs? A. The homeless gave Mikah a gift in return. B. He finally got the gift he wanted on Christmas. C. The company Microsoft fooled Mikah into buying an Xbox. D. Mikah wrote a thank-you note to the emergency shelter he lived in. 7. What might be the best title for the text? A. Mikah’s Precious Christmas Gift B. Mikah’s Giving Warmth on Christmas C. Microsoft Rewarded Nice Boys on Santa’s List D. The Homeless Needed Blankets on a Cold Christmas 【答案】4. D 5. A 6. B 7. B 【解析】 【分析】本文讲述了一个九岁男孩米卡放弃自己的圣诞礼物为无家可归的人买毛毯的感人故事。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段的“ Mikah realized that by not buying the $300 device, he could instead donate over 30 blankets to the homeless.( 米卡 意识到，如果不购买300美元的设备，他可以向无家可归者捐赠30多条毯子。)”可知，米卡放弃礼物是为了做慈善。故选D。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段的“ He knew how much it meant to be warm in the cold holiday season.( 他知道在寒冷的假期里温暖意味着什么。)”和第三段讲述的三年前米卡一家住在收容所里的经历可知， 米卡能理解无家可归的人的处境，是因为他曾经有同样的境遇。故选A。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Santa Claus could personally deliver an XBox from the company to him as a reward for making the top of “Santa’s list of nice boys” that year.( 圣诞老人可以亲自送一台XBox给他，作为他在那年“圣诞老人的好男孩名单”上名列前茅的奖励。)”可推知，米卡最终得到了他想要的礼物——一台 Xbox游戏机。故选B。 【7题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，特别是根据第一段最后一句“Then he was thinking about a way to help the homeless to spend a warm Christmas.( 然后他想到了一个方法来帮助无家可归的人度过一个温暖的圣诞节。)”可知，本文讲述了一个九岁男孩放弃自己的圣诞礼物为无家可归的人买毛毯的感人故事，结合选项可知，选项B切题。故选B。 C In a groundbreaking discovery, bumblebees (大黄蜂) have shown a previously unseen level of cognitive (认知的) ability. A new study, published in Nature, shows that they can learn difficult, multi-step tasks through social interaction, even if they cannot figure them out on their own. Led by Dr Alice Bridges and Professor Lars Chittka, the research team designed a two-step puzzle (谜题) box requiring bumblebees to perform two separated actions to get a sweet reward at the end. Training bees to do this was no easy task, and bees had to be helped along by the addition of an extra reward at the end of the first step. This reward in the middle was finally taken away, and bees later had to open the whole box before getting their treat. Then some trained bees repeated the whole process for demonstration. Surprisingly, while bees that worked on their own had great difficulty in solving the puzzle, those allowed to watch a demonstrator bee finished the two steps easily — even the first — while only getting a reward at the end. This study shows that bumblebees have a level of social learning previously thought to be unique to humans. They can share and learn behaviors that are beyond their individual cognitive abilities. Professor Chittka further notes the implications, “This challenges the traditional view that only humans can socially learn difficult behavior beyond individual learning. It raises the amazing possibility that many of the greatest achievements of the social insects, like the nesting architectures of bees or the agricultural habits of ants, may have initially spread by copying clever innovators, before they finally became part of the species-specific behaviors.” This groundbreaking research opens new possibilities for understanding animal intelligence and the development of social learning. It challenges longstanding assumptions and helps us learn more about the cognitive wonders of insects, even suggesting the exciting possibility of advanced culture amongst seemingly simple creatures. 8. What is the purpose of the study? A. To learn how to train bumblebees. B. To compare bumblebees with ants. C. To develop puzzles for bumblebees. D. To test cognitive abilities of bumblebees. 9. How did the researchers train the bumblebees to solve the puzzle? A. By breaking it into two steps. B. By providing an extra reward. C. By demonstrating the process. D. By making the puzzle interesting. 10. What do Professor Chittka’s words imply? A. Both bees and ants are intelligent creatures. B. Only humans are capable of social learning. C. Individual learning may not be that important. D. Bees’ nest-building may be a learned behavior. 11. What could be the best title for the text? A. Bumblebees — willing learners B. Bumblebees — smarter than you think C. Social learning — intelligence indicator D. Social learning — universal across species 【答案】8. D 9. B 10. D 11. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文，主要讲述了一项关于大黄蜂的研究，该研究发现大黄蜂通过社会互动可以学习复杂的多步骤任务，即使它们自己无法解决这些任务。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“In a groundbreaking discovery, bumblebees (大黄蜂) have shown a previously unseen level of cognitive (认知的) ability. A new study, published in Nature, shows that they can learn difficult, multi-step tasks through social interaction, even if they cannot figure them out on their own.”（在一项突破性的发现中，大黄蜂显示出前所未有的认知能力。发表在《自然》杂志上的一项新研究表明，即使它们不能自己解决问题，它们也可以通过社交互动来学习困难的、多步骤的任务。）以及第四段“This study shows that bumblebees have a level of social learning previously thought to be unique to humans. They can share and learn behaviors that are beyond their individual cognitive abilities.”（这项研究表明，大黄蜂具有一种以前被认为是人类独有的社会学习能力。他们可以分享和学习超出他们个人认知能力的行为。）可知，这项研究的目的是测试大黄蜂的认知能力。故选D。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Led by Dr Alice Bridges and Professor Lars Chittka, the research team designed a two-step puzzle (谜题) box requiring bumblebees to perform two separated actions to get a sweet reward at the end. Training bees to do this was no easy task, and bees had to be helped along by the addition of an extra reward at the end of the first step. This reward in the middle was finally taken away, and bees later had to open the whole box before getting their treat. ”（由爱丽丝·布里奇斯博士和拉斯·奇特卡教授领导的研究小组设计了一个两步拼图盒子，要求大黄蜂完成两个独立的动作，最后获得甜蜜的奖励。训练蜜蜂做到这一点并不容易，在第一步结束时，蜜蜂必须得到额外奖励的帮助。中间的奖励最终被拿走了，蜜蜂后来不得不打开整个盒子才能得到它们的奖励。）可知，研究人员通过提供额外的奖励来训练大黄蜂解决谜题。故选B。 【10题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第四段“Professor Chittka further notes the implications, “This challenges the traditional view that only humans can socially learn difficult behavior beyond individual learning. It raises the amazing possibility that many of the greatest achievements of the social insects, like the nesting architectures of bees or the agricultural habits of ants, may have initially spread by copying clever innovators, before they finally became part of the species-specific behaviors.””（奇特卡教授进一步指出了这个含义，‘这挑战了只有人类可以社会性地学习超越个体学习的困难行为的传统观点。它提出了一个惊人的可能性，即许多社会昆虫的最大成就，如蜜蜂的筑巢结构或蚂蚁的农业习性，可能最初是通过模仿聪明的创新者传播的，然后最终成为了物种特有的行为。’）可知，奇特卡教授的话暗示了蜜蜂的筑巢可能是一种习得的行为。故选D。 【11题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是根据第一段“In a groundbreaking discovery, bumblebees(大黄蜂)have shown a previously unseen level of cognitive(认知的)ability.”（在一项突破性的发现中，大黄蜂表现出了前所未有的认知能力。）以及第四段“This study shows that bumblebees have a level of social learning previously thought to be unique to humans. They can share and learn behaviors that are beyond their individual cognitive abilities.”（这项研究表明，大黄蜂具有一种以前被认为是人类独有的社会学习能力。他们可以分享和学习超出他们个人认知能力的行为。）可知，这篇文章主要讲述了大黄蜂的认知能力和社会学习能力，这些能力超出了人们的预期，B选项“大黄蜂——比你想象的更聪明”最能概括文章的主旨。故选B。 第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Gear guide—buying a backpack A quick glance through my outdoor trade directory reveals 49 companies that sell or make backpacks. If they all produce ten backpacks then we have a frightening number for the humble beginner to choose from. ___12___ The first and most vital consideration is your anticipated load. If you have short summer evening walks then a small backpack would be fine, but if your walks are day-long and year-round then your pack will need to be bigger. Mine typically contains packed lunch, waterproofs, clothing I’ve taken off during the day, a first aid kit and an emergency shelter. Sometimes in winter I add a sleeping bag and a torch. ___13___ My current backpack is a Crag-hopper AD30(30 litres)which is just big enough. Admittedly I do often lead walking parties in remote places so perhaps my added responsibilities cause me to carry more. Compare my list with yours to see if you need as much carrying space. ___14___ Choose a light pack, but make sure it can take the weight of what you are carrying and it can support the load comfortably on your back. Today you can get quite technically advanced backpacks: advanced fabrics, a variety of side pockets, internal frames, adjustable belts, and clever systems to keep your back cool. You also need to look inside. It may seem obvious, but you should choose a backpack that allows you easy access. ___15___ It’s also important to choose a backpack that fits the length of your back. Being six feet I need a long, thin one rather than a short, wider one. If I use the latter, I’ ll have a hip belt round my stomach! ___16___ Obviously you can’t see it when it’s on your back, but why buy something that won’t look good on you? After all, there’s no shortage of colors or designs to choose from. A. I need a backpack with a reasonable capacity. B. Undoubtedly we won’t ignore the look of the pack. C. A wide variety of functions are offered to customers. D. It is recommended that you consider weight and features. E. Some have narrow necks that make removing large items difficult. F. So consider your own needs before you set foot in an outdoor shop. G. A cool pack can provide an enjoyable and comfortable hiking trip for you. 【答案】12. F 13. A 14. D 15. E 16. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了如何选购一款适合自己背包。 【12题详解】 根据前文“A quick glance through my outdoor trade directory reveals 49 companies that sell or make backpacks. If they all produce ten backpacks then we have a frightening number for the humble beginner to choose from. (快速浏览我的户外贸易目录，发现有49家公司销售或制造背包。如果它们都生产10个背包，那么对于初学者来说，选择的数量是令人惊人的。)”可知，此处强调当面临数量众多的背包时，不知道如何选择，后文应该指出解决方案。F选项“So consider your own needs before you set foot in an outdoor shop.(所以，在你踏入户外商店之前，先考虑一下你自己的需求。)”与前文构成因果关系。故选F。 【13题详解】 根据前文“Sometimes in winter I add a sleeping bag and a torch. (冬天的时候，我有时会加一个睡袋和一个手电筒。)”可知，此处指出作者常常带的物品，后文应该介绍作者目前所使用型号的背包足够大。A选项“I need a backpack with a reasonable capacity.(我需要一个容量适中的背包。)”讲述作者对背包容量的需求，承接前文。故选A。 【14题详解】 根据后文“Choose a light pack, but make sure it can take the weight of what you are carrying and it can support the load comfortably on your back. (选择一个轻的背包，但要确保它能承受你所携带的东西的重量，并且它能舒适地支撑你的背部。)”可知，本段主要围绕的是选择轻型背包，并考虑背包材质、内饰、性能等展开。D选项“It is recommended that you consider weight and features.(建议您考虑重量和特征。)”概括本文内容。故选D。 【15题详解】 根据前文“you should choose a backpack that allows you easy access. (你应该选择一个方便取用的背包。)”以及后文“It’s also important to choose a backpack that fits the length of your back. (选择一个适合你背部长度的背包也很重要。)”可知，此处指出选择合适自己的背包。E选项“Some have narrow necks that make removing large items difficult.(有些背包的脖口很窄，很难取出大的东西。)”引起下文，指出背包的脖口很小，很难伸手够到东西，承接前文提出的应该要选择适合自己背包。同时后文也提出了具体建议还要适合自己背部长度的背包，符合语境。故选E。 【16题详解】 根据前文“but why buy something that won’t look good on you? (但是为什么要买一些不适合你的东西呢？)”可知，此处强调选择背包也要注意外观。B选项“Undoubtedly we won’t ignore the look of the pack.(毫无疑问，我们不会忽视背包的外观。)”符合语境。故选B。 第二部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节 (共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 On the surface, Vienna Cammarota is a simple grandmother in her Italian hometown. But initial impressions can be ____17____. The mother of three in her 70s is a well- known ____18____, who bravely explores what the world has to offer. ____19____ by Marco Polo’s historic silk road trip in 1275, she hopes to see more of modern China by ____20____ in Marco Polo’s footsteps. Carrying only a simple ____21____, she set out on a remarkable expedition from Venice, the explorer’s hometown to retrace the historic Silk Road ____22____ on April 26, 2022. Cammarota arrived in China via the Xinjiang Uygur autonomous region on August 29, 2024, the last stop of her journey to the East, hiking more than 20,000 kilometers. Cammarota was greeted by ____23____ who welcomed her with a friendship wreath and traditional performances. Then she experienced the local folk customs and history, ranging from a century- old teahouse where she ____24____ residents to learn about tea culture to a naan bread shop where she tried her ____25____ at making the traditional staple food. During her stay she ____26____ the history and modernity of the ancient city through the lens of a camera, which she will share with the world. Throughout her journey, Cammarota has ____27____ challenges, including moments of frustration and loneliness.____28____ , kindness from strangers has helped her overcome language barriers through ____29____ and basic local language skills. Her journey will last 15 months, covering over 30 cities across 17 provinces, ending in Beijing to mark the 750th anniversary of Marco Polo’s ____30____. Chinese authorities have supported her journey, emphasizing the importance of ____31____ exchange and cooperation. 17. A. strange B. impressive C. misleading D. rewarding 18. A. hiker B. writer C. artist D. reporter 19. A. Inspired B. Informed C. Persuaded D. Acknowledged 20. A. leading B. taking C. copying D. following 21. A. umbrella B. flashlight C. charger D. backpack 22. A. by boat B. on foot C. by air D. by subway 23. A. neighbours B. locals C. volunteers D. professionals 24. A. appealed to B. relied on C. engaged with D. enquired about 25. A. luck B. hand C. best D. part 26. A. recalled B. created C. evaluated D. documented 27. A. avoided B. ended C. faced D. forecast 28. A. Therefore B. Instead C. Besides D. However 29. A. signals B. gestures C. customs D. emotions 30. A. survival B. birth C. death D. arrival 31. A. economic B. historical C. cultural D. political 【答案】17. C 18. A 19. A 20. D 21. D 22. B 23. B 24. C 25. B 26. D 27. C 28. D 29. B 30. D 31. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了70岁的Vienna Cammarota受到1275年马可波罗历史性丝绸之路之旅的启发，跟随马可波罗的脚步，徒步到中国，去了解现代中国。 【17题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但最初的印象可能会误导人。A. strange奇怪的；B. impressive印象深刻的；C. misleading误导的；D. rewarding值得的。根据上文“On the surface, Vienna Cammarota is a simple grandmother in her Italian hometown.(表面上，维也纳·卡马罗塔是意大利家乡的一位朴实的祖母)”以及后文她探索世界可知，最初对于她的印象可能会误导对她的判断。故选C。 【18题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这位70多岁的三个孩子的母亲是一位著名的徒步旅行者，她勇敢地探索世界所能提供的东西。A. hiker徒步者；B. writer作家；C. artist艺术家；D. reporter记者。根据后文“Cammarota arrived in China via the Xinjiang Uygur autonomous region on August 29, 2024, the last stop of her journey to the East, hiking more than 20,000 kilometers.(2024年8月29日，卡马罗塔通过新疆维吾尔自治区抵达中国，这是她东行之旅的最后一站，她徒步旅行了2万多公里)”可知，她是一名徒步者，探索世界。故选A。 【19题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：受到1275年马可波罗历史性丝绸之路之旅启发，她希望跟随马可波罗的脚步，更多地了解现代中国。A. Inspired启发，鼓舞；B. Informed通知；C. Persuaded说服；D. Acknowledged承认。根据后文“by Marco Polo’s historic silk road trip in 1275, she hopes to see more of modern China”可知，她想要了解中国是受到了马可波罗的启发。故选A。 【20题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：受到1275年马可波罗历史性丝绸之路之旅的启发，她希望跟随马可波罗的脚步，更多地了解现代中国。A. leading领导；B. taking带走；C. copying复制；D. following跟随。根据后文“in Marco Polo’s footsteps”指跟随马可波罗的脚步。故选D。 【21题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：2022年4月26日，她背着一个简单的背包，从探险家的家乡威尼斯出发，踏上了一次非凡的探险之旅，徒步追溯历史悠久的丝绸之路。A. umbrella雨伞；B. flashlight手电筒；C. charger充电器；D. backpack背包。根据后文“she set out on a remarkable expedition from Venice”可知，要徒步背的是背包。故选D。 【22题详解】 考查介词短语辨析。句意：2022年4月26日，她背着一个简单的背包，从探险家的家乡威尼斯出发，踏上了一次非凡的探险之旅，徒步追溯历史悠久的丝绸之路。A. by boat坐船；B. on foot步行；C. by air坐飞机；D. by subway乘坐地铁。根据后文“Cammarota arrived in China via the Xinjiang Uygur autonomous region on August 29, 2024, the last stop of her journey to the East, hiking more than 20,000 kilometers.(2024年8月29日，卡马罗塔通过新疆维吾尔自治区抵达中国，这是她东行之旅的最后一站，她徒步旅行了2万多公里)”可知，她是步行去的。故选B。 【23题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：当地人用友谊花圈和传统表演迎接卡马罗塔。A. neighbours邻居；B. locals当地人；C. volunteers志愿者；D. professionals专家。根据后文“who welcomed her with a friendship wreath and traditional performances”指当地人用友谊花圈和传统表演迎接卡马罗塔。故选B。 【24题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：然后，她体验了当地的民俗和历史，从一个有百年历史的茶馆，她与居民一起学习茶文化，到一家馕饼店，她尝试制作传统主食。A. appealed to吸引；B. relied on依靠；C. engaged with参与；D. enquired about询问。根据后文“residents to learn about tea culture”可知，她与居民一起学习茶文化，engaged with表示“参与”，指与某人或某事物产生联系或参与其中。故选C。 【25题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后，她体验了当地的民俗和历史，从一个有百年历史的茶馆，她与居民一起学习茶文化，到一家馕饼店，她尝试制作传统主食。A. luck运气；B. hand手；C. best最好的事物；D. part部分。根据后文“at making the traditional staple food”指亲手制作传统主食。故选B。 【26题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在她逗留期间，她通过照相机的镜头记录了这座古城的历史和现代，她将与世界分享。A. recalled回想起；B. created创造；C. evaluated评估；D. documented记录。根据后文“the history and modernity of the ancient city through the lens of a camera”可知，她通过照相机的镜头记录了这座古城的历史和现代，故选D。 【27题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在她的旅程中，卡马罗塔面临着挑战，包括沮丧和孤独的时刻。A. avoided避免；B. ended结束；C. faced面对；D. forecast预测。根据后文“challenges, including moments of frustration and loneliness”可知，卡马罗塔面临着挑战，包括沮丧和孤独的时刻。故选C。 【28题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，陌生人的善意帮助她通过手势和基本的当地语言技能克服了语言障碍。A. Therefore因此；B. Instead相反；C. Besides此外；D. However然而。结合前后文语境可知为转折关系，应用however。故选D。 【29题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，陌生人的善意帮助她通过手势和基本的当地语言技能克服了语言障碍。A. signals信号；B. gestures手势；C. customs习俗；D. emotions情感。根据后文“and basic local language skills”指通过手势和基本的当地语言进行沟通。故选B。 【30题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：她的旅程将持续15个月，覆盖17个省份的30多个城市，最终在北京结束，以纪念马可波罗到达750周年。A. survival生存；B. birth出生；C. death死亡；D. arrival到达。根据上文“mark the 750th anniversary of Marco Polo’s”指马可波罗到达750周年。故选D。 【31题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：中国政府支持她的行程，强调文化交流与合作的重要性。A. economic经济的；B. historical历史的；C. cultural文化的；D. political政治的。根据后文“exchange and cooperation”可知，她徒步到中国，促进了文化的交流和合作。故选C。 第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 “Experience China: Dunhuang Culture Enters New Zealand” exhibition kicked off in New Zealand's largest city Auckland on Monday. The exhibition ____32____ (bring) by the Gansu Provincial Information Office and the Dunhuang Academy with the aim of vividly showcasing the rich cultural heritage of China. The exhibition featured a systemic selection of Dunhuang murals, colored sculptures, and cave models. It also ____33____ (digital) restored Cave 285 of the Mogao Grottoes. These efforts allowed the audience to bury ____34____ (they) in the historical and cultural essence of the Dunhuang Grottoes. Additionally performers from the Gansu Performing Arts Group charmed (吸引) the audience with traditional Dunhuang music and dance, offering ____35____ unforgettable audio-visual experience. It aimed to enhance cultural exchanges ____36____ China and New Zealand while promoting people-to-people exchanges by displaying the unique charm of Dunhuang Grottoes art. According to the organizers, Dunhuang culture is an essential part of the ____37____(various) of world culture. Civilizations have become ____38____ (rich) and more colorful with exchanges and mutual learning. They hoped that this exhibition can contribute to ____39____ (strengthen) the people-to-people links in the two countries, facilitating healthy and stable development of bilateral (双边的) relations. “This exhibition is really significant, ____40____ brings a rare opportunity for New Zealanders _____41_____ (engage) with one of the most important cultural and religious sites in the world and facilitates people-to-people exchanges,” said New Zealand parliament member Jenny Salesa. 【答案】32. was brought 33. digitally 34. themselves 35. an 36. between 37. variety 38. richer 39. strengthening 40. which 41. to engage 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了在新西兰最大城市奥克兰举行的“感知中国：敦煌文化走进新西兰”活动。 【32题详解】 考查时态和语态。句意：此次展览由甘肃省新闻办公室和敦煌研究院承办，旨在生动展示中国丰富的文化遗产。空处需要谓语动词，主语The exhibition和bring之间是动宾关系，应用被动语态，而文中描述的活动已经结束，即动作发生在过去，应用一般过去时。故填was brought。 【33题详解】 考查副词。句意：活动还数字化还原了莫高窟第285窟。空处修饰谓语动词restored，需要副词，digital的副词形式应用digitally表示“以数字方式，数字化”符合句意。故填digitally。 【34题详解】 考查代词。句意：这些工作使得观众们沉浸在敦煌石窟的历史和文化精髓中。此处为代词作bury的宾语，they和宾语the audience所指相同，应用反身代词。故填themselves。 【35题详解】 考查冠词。句意：此外，来自甘肃演艺集团的演员们以传统的敦煌歌舞吸引了观众们，为他们提供了一场难忘的视听体验。experience意为“经历”为可数名词单数，空前无限定词，且这里表示 “一次、一场（经历）”，所以此处应用不定冠词，而空后unforgettable以元音音素开头，应用an。故填an。 【36题详解】 考查介词。句意：它旨在促进中新两国之间的文化交流，同时通过展示敦煌石窟艺术的独特魅力促进民间交流。此处为固定短语“between…and…”表示“在……和……之间”符合句意，所以此处使用介词between。故填between。 【37题详解】 考查名词。句意：据组织者介绍，敦煌文化是世界文化多样性的重要组成部分。此处为名词作of的宾语，various的名词为variety意为“多样化”。故填variety。 【38题详解】 考查形容词比较级。句意：通过交流互鉴，文明变得更加丰富多彩。此处为形容词作表语，由并列表语more colorful可知，这里应用形容词比较级。故填richer。 【39题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：他们希望这次展览有助于加强两国人民之间的联系，促进双边关系健康稳定发展。此处为非谓语动词作宾语，根据contribute to意为“有助于”中的to是介词可知，其后应接动名词作宾语。故填strengthening。 【40题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：“这次展览真的非常重要，它为新西兰人提供了与世界上最重要文化和宗教遗址之一接触的难得机会，并促进了民间交流。” 新西兰议会议员Jenny Salesa说道。此处为关系词引导的非限制性定语从句，从句中缺少主语，先行词为This exhibition，表示事物，应用关系代词which。故填which。 【41题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：“这次展览真的非常重要，它为新西兰人提供了与世界上最重要文化和宗教遗址之一接触的难得机会，并促进了民间交流。” 新西兰议会议员Jenny Salesa说道。此处为非谓语动词作定语修饰opportunity，修饰opportunity应用动词不定式形式。故填to engage。 第三部分 基础题(共三节，满分20分) 第一节 单词拼写 请根据释义或首字母，用Unit1，Unit2单词的适当形式填空(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)(每空限写一词)。 42. When Impressionism ________ (出现) in the late 19th century, artists became more interested in everyday subject matter.(根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】emerged 【解析】 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：当印象派在19世纪后期出现时，艺术家们对日常题材更感兴趣。空处为状语从句的谓语动词，根据时间状语 “in the late 19th century” 可知，句子要用一般过去时，故填 emerged。 43. During the Middle Ages, artists were not interested in painting ________ (现实的，逼真的) scenes. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】realistic 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：在中世纪，艺术家们对画现实场景不感兴趣。根据汉语提示“现实的，逼真的”可知，此处为形容词realistic，作定语，修饰名词scenes。故填realistic。 44. While painters as early as Da Vinci had used oil, this technique reached its height with Rembrandt who gained __________ (名誉) as a master of shadow and light. （根据汉语提示单词拼写） 【答案】reputation 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：虽然画家早在达·芬奇就使用了油画，但这种技术在伦勃朗获得了光影大师的声誉后达到了顶峰。此处需要使用名词作gained的宾语，“名誉”使用“reputation”是不可数名词。故填reputation。 45. Kings, nobles, and people of high rank wanted to ________ (购买；采购) accurate pictures of themselves and the people they loved. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】purchase 【解析】 【详解】考查动词。句意：国王、贵族和地位高的人都想购买他们自己和他们所爱的人的准确画像。根据汉语提示“购买；采购”和前文不定式符号to可知，此处用动词purchase原形构成不定式，作宾语。故填purchase。 46. Many of us try to change bad habits quickly, and if we are not successful straight away, we often become p________ and give up. (根据首字母提示单词拼写) 【答案】pessimistic##essimistic 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：我们中的许多人都试图迅速改变坏习惯，如果我们不能立即成功，我们往往会变得悲观并放弃。根据句意“悲观的”和首字母提示可知，此处为形容词pessimistic，作表语。故填pessimistic。 47. To facilitate a positive change in our bad habits, we must first ____________(检查) our bad habits cycles and then try to adapt them. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】examine 【解析】 【详解】考查动词。句意：为了促进坏习惯的积极改变，我们必须首先检查我们的坏习惯循环，然后尝试适应它们。空前是情态动词，所以空处应填动词原形，根据所给中文提示词，应是examine意为“检查”。故填examine。 48. Now my dad and I go rock climbing together monthly! It has ________ (提高) the quality of my life. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】enhanced 【解析】 【详解】考查动词。句意：现在我和爸爸每个月都一起去攀岩！这提高了我的生活质量。根据句意和汉语提示可知，空处应填动词enhance“提高”，由has可知，句子是现在完成时，动词用过去分词形式，enhance的过去分词是enhanced。故填enhanced。 49. It was not polite to d________ your neighbor with loud music last night. (根据首字母提示单词拼写) 【答案】disturb##isturb 【解析】 【详解】考查动词。句意：昨晚用大声的音乐打扰你的邻居是不礼貌的。根据句意和首字母提示可知，空处应填动词disturb“打扰”，It was not polite to do sth.“做某事是不礼貌的”，其中it是形式主语，真正的主语是不定式，动词不定式符号to后接动词原形。故填disturb。 50. A d________ once examined me and told me that too much sugar in my meals had damaged my teeth and heath. (根据首字母提示单词拼写) 【答案】dentist##entist 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：一位牙医曾经给我做过检查，告诉我饮食中糖分过多会损害我的牙齿和健康。根据句意“牙医”和首字母提示可知，此处为名词dentist，作主语，不定冠词a修饰单数可数名词。故填dentist。 51. What is western art? It is hard to give a p________ definition. (根据首字母提示单词拼写) 【答案】precise##recise 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：什么是西方艺术？很难给出一个精确的定义。根据句意“精确的”和首字母提示可知，此处为形容词precise，作定语，修饰名词definition。故填precise。 第二节 单句填空填空(共7小题;每小题1分，满分7分) 52. ________ (influence) painters such as Leonardo da Vinci (1452 -1519 ), Michelangelo (1475-1564), and Raphael (1483-1520) built upon Giotto and Masaccio’s innovations to produce some of the greatest art. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】Influential 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：达芬奇（1452 -1519）、米开朗基罗（1475-1564）和拉斐尔（1483-1520）等有影响力画家在乔托和马萨乔的创新基础上创作了一些最伟大的艺术作品。修饰名词painters，需用形容词influential，作定语，位于句首，首字母需大写。故填Influential。 53. In time, he gained ________ (recognize) as one of the greatest artists China has ever known. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】recognition 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：随着时间的推移，他被公认为中国有史以来最伟大的艺术家之一。空格处用名词作宾语，recognize的名词是recognition，是不可数名词，意为“认可”，故填recognition。 54. The children’s paintings are ________ exhibition at the school. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】on 【解析】 【详解】考查介词。句意：孩子们的绘画作品正在学校展出。on exhibition是固定短语，意为 “在展出；展览着” 。故填on。 55. I get ________ (refresh) through climbing, spend more time with my dad, and get to meet new friends. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】refreshed 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：攀岩让我精神焕发，花更多的时间和爸爸在一起，还能认识新朋友。空处作表语，需用形容词refreshed。故填refreshed。 56. ________ the survivors attempted to do was to build a memorial to the heroes. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】What 【解析】 【详解】考查主语从句。句意：幸存者们试图去做的是为拯救他们性命的英雄们建一个纪念碑。引导主语从句，空白处在主语从句中作to do 的宾语表示具体的内容，应使用what引导主语从句，故填What 。 57. Neither too much ________ too little is good. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】nor 【解析】 【详解】考查固定搭配。句意：太多或太少都不好。neither...nor...为固定搭配，意为“既不……也不……”。故填nor。 58. She ________ (repeat) urged her son not to tell anyone about it. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】repeatedly 【解析】 【详解】考查副词。句意：她一再敦促她的儿子不要把事情告诉任何人。空白处在句中作状语，修饰动词urged，应使用副词形式。根据所给词repeat，表示“重复”含义的副词为：repeatedly，故填repeatedly。 第三节 动词填空(共6小题;每小题0.5分，满分3分) 59. ________ (compose) of three parts, the exhibition attracts people from all over the world. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】Composed 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：展览由三个部分组成，吸引了来自世界各地的人们。句子已有谓语动词attracts，空处需填非谓语动词作状语，句子的主语 the exhibition与 compose之间是逻辑动宾关系，所以用过去分词 composed 作状语，位于句首，首字母需大写。故填 Composed。 60. The best way to do business is ________ (build) the trust between you and your client. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】to build 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：做生意的最好方法是在你和你的客户之间建立信任。is 是句子的谓语动词，“________ (build) the trust between you and your client” 是表语，此处用“to do”不定式作表语，用来表示具体的的动作。故填to build。 61. People have the freedom ________ (express) their opinion. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】to express 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：人们有表达自己观点的自由。have the freedom to do sth.是固定用法，意为 “有做某事的自由”，不定式作后置定语。故填to express。 62. It took the surgeon three hours ________ (finish) my mother’s long surgery. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】to finish 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：外科医生花了三个小时才完成我母亲的大手术。It takes sb sometime to do sth为固定句型，意为“做某事花费某人一些时间”，it为形式主语，动词不定式是真正的主语。故填to finish。 63. We turned around and found the little girl ________ (swim) in the lake. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】swimming 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我们转过身来，发现那个小女孩在湖里游泳。此处swim与girl为主动关系，用现在分词作宾补。故填swimming。 64. ______ (base) on a true story, the film will become a hit as soon as it is released. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】Based 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这部电影根据真实故事改编，一上映就会引起轰动。句中谓语是will become，空格处用非谓语动词，the film和base之间是逻辑动宾关系，因此空格处用过去分词作状语，位于句首，首字母大写。故填Based。 第四部分 写作 (共两节，满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 65. 假定你是李华，你校的许多同学由于种种原因养成了熬夜的习惯，熬夜会对健康造成很大的危害。请你以“The Harmful Effects of Staying Up Late”为题，写一篇英语短文，给你校英文报投稿，以使熬夜的同学认识到熬夜的危害并改掉这一不良习惯。 注意: 1.写作词数应为80左右; 2.请按如下格式在相应位置作答; 3.作文的标题已为你写好，不计人总词数。 The Harmful Effects of Staying Up Late ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 The Harmful Effects of Staying Up Late There are various reasons why many students have got into the habit of staying up late. Actually, staying up late is a bad habit, which has negative effects on our physical and mental health. To begin with, it will not only lead to a lack of energy but also cause us to suffer from dizziness and be unable to concentrate on our lessons. Additionally, long-time staying up late will weaken our memory, and do harm to eyesight as well as liver. What’s worse, those who are accustomed to staying up late are more likely to suffer from other diseases. Therefore, it’s high time that we made up our minds to adopt a healthy lifestyle. 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达是一篇应用文。要求考生以“The Harmful Effects of Staying Up Late”为题，写一篇英语短文，给学校英文报投稿。 【详解】1.词汇积累 各种各样的：various→all kinds of 事实上：actually→in fact 导致：lead to→result in 集中精力于：concentrate on→focus on 2.句式拓展 陈述句变倒装句 原句：To begin with, it will not only lead to a lack of energy but also cause us to suffer from dizziness and be unable to concentrate on our lessons. 拓展句：To begin with, not only will it lead to a lack of energy but also cause us to suffer from dizziness and be unable to concentrate on our lessons. 【点睛】[高分句型1] Actually, staying up late is a bad habit, which has negative effects on our physical and mental health.（运用了which引导非限制性定语从句） [高分句型2] Therefore, it’s high time that we made up our minds to adopt a healthy lifestyle.（运用了虚拟语气） 第二节(满分25分) 66. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 The long-awaited summer vacation finally came, and I immediately headed for Grandpa’s countryside home with excitement. I was looking forward to seeing Grandpa and playing with my best friend, Steve, his smart dog. Life in the countryside was great. I enjoyed Grandpa’s tasty vegetable soup and had a lot of fun playing with Steve. We explored the woods, chased (追逐) birds, and tried fishing by the stream, laughing all the while. One day, Grandpa went to the farm to get fresh pumpkins and tomatoes for a big dinner. While waiting for him to come back, I felt a bit bored. “Steve, let’s have some fun!” I declared, and with a wag (摇摆) of his tail, he excitedly agreed. Our game of hide-and-seek filled the house with laughter. “You can’t catch me!” I laughed, hiding and running away from Steve. But Steve was so smart that he could always find me, whether in the bedroom or the cupboard. However, while we were having fun, something unexpected happened. Suddenly there was a loud crash in the living room, breaking the calm like a stone disturbing a quiet pond. It turned out that I accidentally knocked over a mirror while playing. The mirror, once neat and pretty on the table, was now broken pieces on the floor because of our playful game. My heart pounded as I looked at the mess. The wind blew through the open window, making the curtains waving in the wind, which upset me even more. I didn’t know what to do with the broken mirror. Should I tell Grandpa or try to hide what had happened? I thought about it, and Steve lowered his ears. It seemed that he also realized that we had made a huge mistake. “What should we do, Steve?” I asked quietly, trying to find comfort. It was a tough decision, and I felt really guilty. Admitting the mistake seemed hard. Suddenly I had an idea — maybe I could put the blame on Steve alone 注意：1. 续写词数应为150左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 When Grandpa returned and came in, he looked surprised when he saw the broken mirror. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ At dinner, the joy of having Grandpa’s vegetable soup was now mixed with regret. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】When Grandpa returned and came in, he looked surprised when he saw the broken mirror. “What happened?” he asked. I looked away and made up a story about Steve being too playful. With my face burning, I told Grandpa, “Steve got too excited. He knocked over the mirror, and, well, the mirror broke.” Hearing this, Grandpa didn’t say anything, but his eyes showed a mix of doubt and disappointment. Grandpa cleaned up the mess and then he went to the kitchen to prepare the vegetable soup. I breathed a huge sigh of relief for I thought maybe the truth was hidden by the made-up story. At dinner, the joy of having Grandpa’s vegetable soup was now mixed with regret. Finally unable to bear the weight of dishonesty, with tears welling up in my eyes, I confessed, “Grandpa, it was my fault. Steve had nothing to do with the broken mirror.” Unexpectedly, Grandpa patted me on the shoulder and smiled gently, “I understand your situation, dear. But being honest is more important! You made the right choice just now.” At that moment, with the smell of soup in the air, I learned a big lesson about telling the truth. The countryside, with its wide fields and timeless lessons, became part of my memorable experience that stayed in my heart for a long time. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者在乡下爷爷家和小狗Steve玩耍时打碎了镜子，并对爷爷撒谎说是Steve打碎的，后来作者喝着爷爷做的蔬菜汤感到非常内疚，向爷爷说出真相承认了错误。 【详解】1. 段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“当爷爷回来进来的时候，当他看到破碎的镜子时，他看起来很惊讶。”可知，第一段可描写作者撒谎告诉爷爷说镜子是小狗Steve打碎的。 ②由第二段首句内容“吃晚饭时，喝爷爷做的蔬菜汤的喜悦中夹杂着遗憾。”可知，第二段可描写作者向爷爷说出真相，承认自己撒谎。 2. 续写线索：编故事撒谎——爷爷收拾碎玻璃后做饭——吃爷爷做的蔬菜汤——感到内疚——承认错误——爷爷原谅 3. 词汇激活： 行为类： ①承认：confess/admit ②清理：clean up/clear up ③拍：pat/tap 情绪类： ①笑：smile gently/give sb a gentle smile ②哭：with tears welling up in one’s eyes/with one’s eyes filled with tears 【点睛】【高分句型1】Hearing this, Grandpa didn’t say anything, but his eyes showed a mix of doubt and disappointed. (运用了现在分词作状语) 【高分句型2】I breathed a huge sigh of relief for I thought maybe the truth was hidden by the made-up story. (运用了省略that的宾语从句) 【高分句型3】The countryside, with its wide fields and timeless lessons, became part of my memorable experience that stayed in my heart for a long time. (运用关系代词that引导的限制性定语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2024-2025年度第二学期 惠来一中高二级第一次阶段考英语试卷 时间：120分钟，满分130分 第一部分 阅读(共两节，满分40分) 第一节 (共11小题;每小题2.5分，满分27.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A The following 4 famous paintings — from Jan van Eyck’s portrait to Pablo Picasso’s masterpiece — have stood the test of time. The Amolfini Portrait Jan van Eyck’s Amolfini Portrait, an oil painting on wood produced in 1434, in which a man and a woman hold hands with a window behind him and a bed behind her, is undoubtedly one of the masterpieces in the National Gallery, London. This painting is as visually interesting as it is famed. It is also an informative document on fifteenth-century society, through van Eyck’s heavy use of symbolism — while husbands went out to engage in business, wives concerned themselves with domestic duties. The Starry Night Vincent van Gogh painted The Starry Night, oil on canvas (帆布), a moderately abstract landscape painting of an expressive night sky over a small hillside village, during his 12-month stay at the mental hospital near Saint–Remy-de-Provence, France between 1889 and 1890. When the Museum of Modem Art in New York City purchased the painting from a private collector in 1941, it was not well known, but it has since become one of van Gogh’s most famous works. The Harvesters The Harvesters is an oil painting on wood completed by Pieter Bruegel the Elder in 1565. It describes the harvest time which most commonly occurred within the months of August and September. Nicolaes Jonghelinck, a merchant banker and art collector from Antwerp, commissioned this painting. The painting has been at the Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York City since 1919. Guernica Guernica, a large black-and-white oil painting, was painted by the Cubist Spanish painter, Pablo Picasso in 1937. The title ‘Guernica’ refers to the city that was bombed by Nazi planes during the Spanish Civil War. The painting depicts the horrors of war and as a result, has come to be an anti-war symbol and a reminder of the tragedies of war. Today, the painting is housed at the Museo Nacional Centro de Arte Reina Sofia in Madrid. 1. Which of the following paintings was produced earliest? A. Guernica. B. The Harvesters. C. The Starry Night. D. The Amolfini Portrait. 2. Who created the painting describing the harvest seasons? A. Pieter Bruegel the Elder. B. Vincent van Gogh. C. Jan van Eyck. D. Pablo Picasso. 3. What do we know about the painting The Starry Night? A. It was painted on wood in oils. B. It described the painter’s life in hospital. C. It wasn’t widely recognized before 1941. D. It was given away to the museum by a collector. B Mikah Frye, a 9-year-old boy, was walking down the streets with his grandmother discussing Christmas gifts when he saw some homeless people struggling to stay warm in the cold night. Then he was thinking about a way to help the homeless to spend a warm Christmas. That thought stayed in Mikah Frye’s mind and when he reached home Mikah informed his parents not to buy the Microsoft XBox gaming device he had asked for earlier. Mikah realized that by not buying the $300 device, he could instead donate over 30 blankets to the homeless. He knew how much it meant to be warm in the cold holiday season. Three years ago, Mikah and his parents were the ones living in a homeless shelter. Having suffered a financial crisis, they too had lost their house, not knowing where their next meal would come from and sharing a blanket every night. Mikah was six years old then but he remembered what it was like to have to give back that precious blanket every morning. Reaching out to the emergency shelter programme that looked after them 3 years ago, the family donated 60 blankets in the end, each with a personalized message of hope in Mikah’s handwriting stating: “They gave me a blanket, but I had to leave it. That’s why I want you to have your own blanket. Today, I live in my own house, and someday you will too. Your friend, Mikah.” The homeless people at the shelter may not have been able to give Mikah a Christmas gift in return but his gesture was noted by the billion dollar company Microsoft who made sure that Mikah was fooled into visiting their store so that Santa Claus could personally deliver an XBox from the company to him as a reward for making the top of “Santa’s list of nice boys” that year. 4. Why did Mikah give up his Christmas gift? A. The device was out of date. B. His parents had a tight budget. C. He wanted to spend a warm Christmas. D. He decided to do something charitable. 5. What made Mikah have a better understanding of the situation of the homeless? A. His own experience. B. His parents’ education. C. His visiting to the emergency shelter. D. The cold weather during the holiday season. 6. What can be inferred from the last two paragraphs? A. The homeless gave Mikah a gift in return. B. He finally got the gift he wanted on Christmas. C. The company Microsoft fooled Mikah into buying an Xbox. D. Mikah wrote a thank-you note to the emergency shelter he lived in. 7. What might be the best title for the text? A. Mikah’s Precious Christmas Gift B. Mikah’s Giving Warmth on Christmas C. Microsoft Rewarded Nice Boys on Santa’s List D. The Homeless Needed Blankets on a Cold Christmas C In a groundbreaking discovery, bumblebees (大黄蜂) have shown a previously unseen level of cognitive (认知的) ability. A new study, published in Nature, shows that they can learn difficult, multi-step tasks through social interaction, even if they cannot figure them out on their own. Led by Dr Alice Bridges and Professor Lars Chittka, the research team designed a two-step puzzle (谜题) box requiring bumblebees to perform two separated actions to get a sweet reward at the end. Training bees to do this was no easy task, and bees had to be helped along by the addition of an extra reward at the end of the first step. This reward in the middle was finally taken away, and bees later had to open the whole box before getting their treat. Then some trained bees repeated the whole process for demonstration. Surprisingly, while bees that worked on their own had great difficulty in solving the puzzle, those allowed to watch a demonstrator bee finished the two steps easily — even the first — while only getting a reward at the end. This study shows that bumblebees have a level of social learning previously thought to be unique to humans. They can share and learn behaviors that are beyond their individual cognitive abilities. Professor Chittka further notes the implications, “This challenges the traditional view that only humans can socially learn difficult behavior beyond individual learning. It raises the amazing possibility that many of the greatest achievements of the social insects, like the nesting architectures of bees or the agricultural habits of ants, may have initially spread by copying clever innovators, before they finally became part of the species-specific behaviors.” This groundbreaking research opens new possibilities for understanding animal intelligence and the development of social learning. It challenges longstanding assumptions and helps us learn more about the cognitive wonders of insects, even suggesting the exciting possibility of advanced culture amongst seemingly simple creatures. 8. What is the purpose of the study? A. To learn how to train bumblebees. B. To compare bumblebees with ants. C. To develop puzzles for bumblebees. D. To test cognitive abilities of bumblebees. 9. How did the researchers train the bumblebees to solve the puzzle? A. By breaking it into two steps. B. By providing an extra reward. C. By demonstrating the process. D. By making the puzzle interesting. 10. What do Professor Chittka’s words imply? A. Both bees and ants are intelligent creatures. B. Only humans are capable of social learning. C. Individual learning may not be that important. D. Bees’ nest-building may be a learned behavior. 11. What could be the best title for the text? A. Bumblebees — willing learners B. Bumblebees — smarter than you think C. Social learning — intelligence indicator D Social learning — universal across species 第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Gear guide—buying a backpack A quick glance through my outdoor trade directory reveals 49 companies that sell or make backpacks. If they all produce ten backpacks then we have a frightening number for the humble beginner to choose from. ___12___ The first and most vital consideration is your anticipated load. If you have short summer evening walks then a small backpack would be fine, but if your walks are day-long and year-round then your pack will need to be bigger. Mine typically contains packed lunch, waterproofs, clothing I’ve taken off during the day, a first aid kit and an emergency shelter. Sometimes in winter I add a sleeping bag and a torch. ___13___ My current backpack is a Crag-hopper AD30(30 litres)which is just big enough. Admittedly I do often lead walking parties in remote places so perhaps my added responsibilities cause me to carry more. Compare my list with yours to see if you need as much carrying space. ___14___ Choose a light pack but make sure it can take the weight of what you are carrying and it can support the load comfortably on your back. Today you can get quite technically advanced backpacks: advanced fabrics, a variety of side pockets, internal frames, adjustable belts, and clever systems to keep your back cool. You also need to look inside. It may seem obvious, but you should choose a backpack that allows you easy access. ___15___ It’s also important to choose a backpack that fits the length of your back. Being six feet I need a long, thin one rather than a short, wider one. If I use the latter, I’ ll have a hip belt round my stomach! ___16___ Obviously you can’t see it when it’s on your back, but why buy something that won’t look good on you? After all, there’s no shortage of colors or designs to choose from. A. I need a backpack with a reasonable capacity. B. Undoubtedly we won’t ignore the look of the pack. C. A wide variety of functions are offered to customers. D. It is recommended that you consider weight and features. E. Some have narrow necks that make removing large items difficult. F So consider your own needs before you set foot in an outdoor shop. G. A cool pack can provide an enjoyable and comfortable hiking trip for you. 第二部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节 (共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 On the surface, Vienna Cammarota is a simple grandmother in her Italian hometown. But initial impressions can be ____17____. The mother of three in her 70s is a well- known ____18____, who bravely explores what the world has to offer. ____19____ by Marco Polo’s historic silk road trip in 1275, she hopes to see more of modern China by ____20____ in Marco Polo’s footsteps. Carrying only a simple ____21____, she set out on a remarkable expedition from Venice, the explorer’s hometown to retrace the historic Silk Road ____22____ on April 26, 2022. Cammarota arrived in China via the Xinjiang Uygur autonomous region on August 29, 2024, the last stop of her journey to the East, hiking more than 20,000 kilometers. Cammarota was greeted by ____23____ who welcomed her with a friendship wreath and traditional performances. Then she experienced the local folk customs and history, ranging from a century- old teahouse where she ____24____ residents to learn about tea culture to a naan bread shop where she tried her ____25____ at making the traditional staple food. During her stay she ____26____ the history and modernity of the ancient city through the lens of a camera, which she will share with the world. Throughout her journey, Cammarota has ____27____ challenges, including moments of frustration and loneliness.____28____ , kindness from strangers has helped her overcome language barriers through ____29____ and basic local language skills. Her journey will last 15 months, covering over 30 cities across 17 provinces, ending in Beijing to mark the 750th anniversary of Marco Polo’s ____30____. Chinese authorities have supported her journey, emphasizing the importance of ____31____ exchange and cooperation. 17. A. strange B. impressive C. misleading D. rewarding 18. A. hiker B. writer C. artist D. reporter 19. A. Inspired B. Informed C. Persuaded D. Acknowledged 20. A. leading B. taking C. copying D. following 21. A. umbrella B. flashlight C. charger D. backpack 22. A. by boat B. on foot C. by air D. by subway 23. A. neighbours B. locals C. volunteers D. professionals 24. A. appealed to B. relied on C. engaged with D. enquired about 25. A. luck B. hand C. best D. part 26. A. recalled B. created C. evaluated D. documented 27. A. avoided B. ended C. faced D. forecast 28. A. Therefore B. Instead C. Besides D. However 29. A. signals B. gestures C. customs D. emotions 30. A. survival B. birth C. death D. arrival 31. A. economic B. historical C. cultural D. political 第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 “Experience China: Dunhuang Culture Enters New Zealand” exhibition kicked off in New Zealand's largest city Auckland on Monday. The exhibition ____32____ (bring) by the Gansu Provincial Information Office and the Dunhuang Academy with the aim of vividly showcasing the rich cultural heritage of China. The exhibition featured a systemic selection of Dunhuang murals, colored sculptures, and cave models. It also ____33____ (digital) restored Cave 285 of the Mogao Grottoes. These efforts allowed the audience to bury ____34____ (they) in the historical and cultural essence of the Dunhuang Grottoes. Additionally, performers from the Gansu Performing Arts Group charmed (吸引) the audience with traditional Dunhuang music and dance, offering ____35____ unforgettable audio-visual experience. It aimed to enhance cultural exchanges ____36____ China and New Zealand while promoting people-to-people exchanges by displaying the unique charm of Dunhuang Grottoes art. According to the organizers, Dunhuang culture is an essential part of the ____37____(various) of world culture. Civilizations have become ____38____ (rich) and more colorful with exchanges and mutual learning. They hoped that this exhibition can contribute to ____39____ (strengthen) the people-to-people links in the two countries, facilitating healthy and stable development of bilateral (双边的) relations. “This exhibition is really significant, ____40____ brings a rare opportunity for New Zealanders _____41_____ (engage) with one of the most important cultural and religious sites in the world and facilitates people-to-people exchanges,” said New Zealand parliament member Jenny Salesa. 第三部分 基础题(共三节，满分20分) 第一节 单词拼写 请根据释义或首字母，用Unit1，Unit2单词的适当形式填空(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)(每空限写一词)。 42. When Impressionism ________ (出现) in the late 19th century, artists became more interested in everyday subject matter.(根据汉语提示单词拼写) 43. During the Middle Ages, artists were not interested in painting ________ (现实的，逼真的) scenes. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 44. While painters as early as Da Vinci had used oil, this technique reached its height with Rembrandt who gained __________ (名誉) as a master of shadow and light. （根据汉语提示单词拼写） 45. Kings, nobles, and people of high rank wanted to ________ (购买；采购) accurate pictures of themselves and the people they loved. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 46. Many of us try to change bad habits quickly, and if we are not successful straight away, we often become p________ and give up. (根据首字母提示单词拼写) 47. To facilitate a positive change in our bad habits, we must first ____________(检查) our bad habits cycles and then try to adapt them. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 48. Now my dad and I go rock climbing together monthly! It has ________ (提高) the quality of my life. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 49. It was not polite to d________ your neighbor with loud music last night. (根据首字母提示单词拼写) 50. A d________ once examined me and told me that too much sugar in my meals had damaged my teeth and heath. (根据首字母提示单词拼写) 51. What is western art? It is hard to give a p________ definition. (根据首字母提示单词拼写) 第二节 单句填空填空(共7小题;每小题1分，满分7分) 52. ________ (influence) painters such as Leonardo da Vinci (1452 -1519 ), Michelangelo (1475-1564), and Raphael (1483-1520) built upon Giotto and Masaccio’s innovations to produce some of the greatest art. (所给词的适当形式填空) 53. In time, he gained ________ (recognize) as one of the greatest artists China has ever known. (所给词的适当形式填空) 54. The children’s paintings are ________ exhibition at the school. (用适当的词填空) 55. I get ________ (refresh) through climbing, spend more time with my dad, and get to meet new friends. (所给词的适当形式填空) 56. ________ the survivors attempted to do was to build a memorial to the heroes. (用适当的词填空) 57. Neither too much ________ too little is good. (用适当的词填空) 58. She ________ (repeat) urged her son not to tell anyone about it. (所给词的适当形式填空) 第三节 动词填空(共6小题;每小题0.5分，满分3分) 59. ________ (compose) of three parts, the exhibition attracts people from all over the world. (所给词的适当形式填空) 60. The best way to do business is ________ (build) the trust between you and your client. (所给词的适当形式填空) 61. People have the freedom ________ (express) their opinion. (所给词的适当形式填空) 62. It took the surgeon three hours ________ (finish) my mother’s long surgery. (所给词的适当形式填空) 63. We turned around and found the little girl ________ (swim) in the lake. (所给词的适当形式填空) 64. ______ (base) on a true story, the film will become a hit as soon as it is released. (所给词的适当形式填空) 第四部分 写作 (共两节，满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 65. 假定你是李华，你校的许多同学由于种种原因养成了熬夜的习惯，熬夜会对健康造成很大的危害。请你以“The Harmful Effects of Staying Up Late”为题，写一篇英语短文，给你校英文报投稿，以使熬夜的同学认识到熬夜的危害并改掉这一不良习惯。 注意: 1.写作词数应为80左右; 2.请按如下格式在相应位置作答; 3.作文的标题已为你写好，不计人总词数。 The Harmful Effects of Staying Up Late ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节(满分25分) 66. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 The long-awaited summer vacation finally came, and I immediately headed for Grandpa’s countryside home with excitement. I was looking forward to seeing Grandpa and playing with my best friend, Steve, his smart dog. Life in the countryside was great. I enjoyed Grandpa’s tasty vegetable soup and had a lot of fun playing with Steve. We explored the woods, chased (追逐) birds, and tried fishing by the stream, laughing all the while. One day, Grandpa went to the farm to get fresh pumpkins and tomatoes for a big dinner. While waiting for him to come back, I felt a bit bored. “Steve, let’s have some fun!” I declared, and with a wag (摇摆) of his tail, he excitedly agreed. Our game of hide-and-seek filled the house with laughter. “You can’t catch me!” I laughed, hiding and running away from Steve. But Steve was so smart that he could always find me, whether in the bedroom or the cupboard. However while we were having fun, something unexpected happened. Suddenly there was a loud crash in the living room, breaking the calm like a stone disturbing a quiet pond. It turned out that I accidentally knocked over a mirror while playing. The mirror, once neat and pretty on the table, was now broken pieces on the floor because of our playful game. My heart pounded as I looked at the mess. The wind blew through the open window, making the curtains waving in the wind, which upset me even more. I didn’t know what to do with the broken mirror. Should I tell Grandpa or try to hide what had happened? I thought about it, and Steve lowered his ears. It seemed that he also realized that we had made a huge mistake. “What should we do, Steve?” I asked quietly, trying to find comfort. It was a tough decision, and I felt really guilty. Admitting the mistake seemed hard. Suddenly I had an idea — maybe I could put the blame on Steve alone. 注意：1. 续写词数应为150左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 When Grandpa returned and came in, he looked surprised when he saw the broken mirror. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ At dinner, the joy of having Grandpa’s vegetable soup was now mixed with regret. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$