精品解析：2025届上海市奉贤区高三下学期二模英语试卷

2024学年第二学期奉贤区高三英语练习卷 考生注意： 1. 考试时间105分钟，试卷满分115分。 2. 本次考试设试卷和答题纸两部分。所有答题必须涂(选择题)或写(非选择题)在答题 纸上，做在试卷上一律不得分。 3. 务必在答题纸上填写准考证号和姓名，并将核对后的条形码贴在指定位置。 I.Grammar and Vocabulary Section A(10分) Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank Middle East’s Dark Sky Hubs Sara Sami vividly recalls the first time she truly saw the stars. The 38-year-old photographer and travel guide____1____ (search) for a spot in Saudi Arabia — a massive cliff overlooking a vast desert — when she unexpectedly found herself under an amazing night sky. “There was a blanket of stars right above me, “Sami reminisces.” I ____2____ see thousands of them stretching endlessly. It was a breathtaking sight.” Ever since that night, Saudi Arabia has become her top stargazing destination. Sami has traveled numerous times from her home in Bahrain, a small island nation ____3____ (connect)to Saudi Arabia by a 15-mile causeway. She seeks out places with undisturbed darkness, far from towns and cities, ____4____ she can see the Milky Way. It was literally in the middle of a desert: there was an abandoned village with broken houses. ____5____ the atmosphere was frightening and filled with an unsettling stillness, the sky was stunningly beautiful. In November last year, another nature reserve, near the ancient oasis city of AlUla, ____6____ (name)the first-ever Dark Sky Park in the Middle East. Saudi Arabia joined 21 other countries on its list of certified Dark Sky Places, with the US and New Zealand ____7____ (top) the list. “Part of the 2,334 square kilometer reserve’s commitment to the preservation of the night sky involves careful lighting design, such as ensuring ____8____, if possible, lights are equipped with shades to minimize light pollution. Specifically, these shades are designed to direct the light down ____9____ up.” The local observatory is currently developing an outdoor lighting guide for new and existing developments within AlUla County. This guide will enable residents and visitors to see the night sky above AlUla in all its natural beauty for years_____10_____ (come). This ongoing effort reflects a broader commitment to preserving the night sky for future generations. 【答案】1. was searching 2. could 3. connected 4. where 5. Although## While##Though 6. was named 7. topping 8. that 9. rather than 10. to come 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了摄影师萨拉·萨米在沙特阿拉伯观星的经历，以及沙特阿拉伯致力于保护夜空。 【1题详解】 考查时态。句意：这位38岁的摄影师兼旅游导游正在沙特阿拉伯寻找一个地方——一个俯瞰广阔沙漠的巨大悬崖——这时她意外地发现自己在一个惊人的夜空下。此处为句型sb. be doing sth. when…表示“正在做某事，这时……”，发生在过去的某个时刻用过去进行时，主语为The 38-year-old photographer and travel guide，谓语用单数。故填was searching。 【2题详解】 考查情态动词。句意：我可以看到成千上万的山峦绵延不绝。后跟动词原形，表示“可以，能够”用can，发生在过去用could。故填could。 【3题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：萨米已经很多次从她在巴林的家出发，巴林是一个小岛国，通过一条15英里长的堤道与沙特阿拉伯相连。此处为独立主格结构，且island与connect为被动关系，用过去分词作定语。故填connected。 【4题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：她寻找远离城镇、黑暗不受干扰的地方，在那里她可以看到银河。此处非限制性定语从句修饰先行词places，在从句作地点状语，故填where。 【5题详解】 考查状语从句。句意：虽然气氛令人恐惧，充满了令人不安的寂静，但天空却美得惊人。引导让步状语从句，表示“虽然”用although、while或though，首字母大写。故填Although/While/Though。 【6题详解】 考查时态语态。句意：去年11月，另一个自然保护区，靠近古老的绿洲城市AlUla，被命名为中东第一个黑暗天空公园。主语another nature reserve与谓语name构成被动关系，根据上文In November last year可知为一般过去时的被动语态，谓语用单数。故填was named。 【7题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：沙特阿拉伯和其他21个国家一起获得了“黑暗天空之地”的认证，美国和新西兰位居榜首。此处为with的复合结构，且US and New Zealand与top构成主动关系，用现在分词作宾补。故填topping。 【8题详解】 考查宾语从句。句意：2334平方公里的自然保护区致力于保护夜空，其中包括精心的照明设计，如尽可能确保灯光配备遮光罩，以尽量减少光污染。引导宾语从句，从句不缺少成分或句意，故用that。故填that。 【9题详解】 考查固定短语。句意：具体来说，这些阴影的设计是为了引导光线向下而不是向上。表示“而不是”短语为rather than，说明光线引导的方向，即“向下而不是向上”。故填rather than。 【10题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：本指南将使居民和游客能够在未来几年里看到阿尔乌拉上空的夜空。短语for years to come表示“在今后的几年里”。故填to come。 Section B(10分) Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A. visually B. interacts C. essential D. minute E. composition F. perspective G. accuracy H. dominates I. expansive J. survives K. occasionally Masterpiece: One Thousand Liof Rivers and Mountains Wang Ximeng (1096-1119) was a famous but short-lived painter. Tragically, only one of his works _____11_____One Thousand Li of Rivers and Mountains, which is cherished as a rare and precious masterpiece in the art world. This masterpiece measures 51.5 cm high by11.92 m long, created in simple black ink and ground pigment (颜料) on a long silk scroll. Despite its material simplicity, the painting’s _____12_____is remarkably complex. It unfolds like a panoramic (全景式的) story of a Southern Chinese landscape, presented with a(n) _____13_____ that hints at Wang’s deep roots in the region. The landscape is divided into six mountain sections separated by water, _____14_____ linked by bridges. Houses, trees, and figures dot the mountains, shown from various viewpoints. This shifting _____15_____enables viewers, as they unroll the scroll from right to left, to experience a continuous, immersive narrative of daily activities. It creates a dynamic visual flow, much like watching scenery pass by through a train window. The painting’s perfection is enhanced by its_____16_____striking blue-green landscape, or qinglü shanshui, a technique that flourished during the Northen Song Dynasty. Brilliant blue _____17_____ the mountains’ peaks, bold green covers the mountains’ valleys, and pale brown implies the mountains’ bases. This radiant arrangement emphasizes color over line, skillfully using light, shade, and texture to create depth and atmosphere. This painting _____18_____ with the viewer in a way rarely found in Western paintings. Due to its vast scale but _____19_____ details, it requires multiple viewings at different distances. The first viewing is at a far distance to observe its sweeping grandeur. The second viewing is at a close distance to observe its refined features. The third viewing is at a mid-distance to observe its overall impact. This layered viewing experience deepens the engagement with the artwork, making the paintings feel completely alive. It offers a profound and subtle exploration of the visible world through its ______20______ — size, rich colors, and expressive details, emitting qi or energy that enlivens the viewer. Ultimately, this masterpiece invites viewers to immerse themselves in its beauty, discovering new horizons with each encounter. 【答案】11. J 12. E 13. G 14. K 15. F 16. A 17. H 18. B 19. D 20. I 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了王希孟的《千里江山图》以及画作鉴赏。 【11题详解】 考查动词。句意：可悲的是，他的作品只有一幅幸存下来——《千里江山图》，这是艺术界罕见而珍贵的杰作。根据“One Thousand Li of Rivers and Mountains, which is cherished as a rare and precious masterpiece in the art world”以及句意“幸存”可知，应填动词survive，陈述目前事实，应用一般现在时，主语是单数，谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式。故选J。 【12题详解】 考查名词。句意：尽管材料简单，这幅画的构图却异常复杂。根据“It unfolds like a panoramic story of a Southern Chinese landscape”以及句意“构图”可知，应填名词composition，作主语。故选E。 【13题详解】 考查名词。句意：它就像一个中国南方风景的全景故事，以一种准确的方式呈现，暗示了王在该地区的深厚根基。根据“that hints at Wang’s deep roots in the region”以及句意“准确”可知，应填名词accuracy，作宾语，不可数。故选G。 【14题详解】 考查副词。句意：这片景观被分成六个由水隔开的山区，偶尔由桥梁连接起来。根据“The landscape is divided into six mountain sections separated by water”以及后文“linked by bridges”和句意表示“偶尔”可知，应填副词occasionally，修饰动词linked。故选K。 【15题详解】 考查名词。句意：当观众从右向左展开卷轴时，这种变换的视角使他们能够体验到连续的、身临其境的日常活动叙事。根据“Houses, trees, and figures dot the mountains, shown from various viewpoints.(房屋、树木和人物点缀在山上，从不同的角度展示)”以及句意“视角”可知，应填名词perspective，作主语。故选F。 【16题详解】 考查副词。句意：这幅画的完美之处在于其视觉上引人注目的蓝绿色景观，或青绿山水，这是北宋时期蓬勃发展的一种技术。根据“striking blue-green landscape”以及句意“视觉上”可知，应填副词visually，修饰形容词striking。故选A。 【17题详解】 考查动词。句意：明亮的蓝色支配着山峰，大胆的绿色覆盖着山谷，浅棕色暗示着山脉的底部。根据“the mountains’ peaks, bold green covers the mountains’ valleys”以及句意“支配”可知应填动词dominate，作谓语，陈述事实用一般现在时，主语为Brilliant blue，谓语用三单形式。故选H。 【18题详解】 考查动词。句意：这幅画以一种在西方绘画中很少发现的方式与观众互动。根据“with the viewer in a way rarely found in Western paintings”以及句意“互动”可知，应填动词interact，作谓语，陈述目前事实，应用一般现在时，主语为This painting，谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式。故选B。 【19题详解】 考查形容词。句意：由于其庞大的规模和微小的细节，它需要在不同的距离进行多次观看。根据“The first viewing is at a far distance to observe its sweeping grandeur. The second viewing is at a close distance to observe its refined features. The third viewing is at a mid-distance to observe its overall impact.(第一次观看是在很远的地方观察它的壮观。第二次观察是在近距离观察其精致的特征。第三次观察是在中距离观察其整体影响)”以及句意“微小的”可知，应填形容词minute，修饰details。故选D。 【20题详解】 考查形容词。句意：通过其广阔的尺寸、丰富的色彩和富有表现力的细节，它提供了对可见世界的深刻而微妙的探索，散发出气或能量，使观众活跃起来。根据上文“This masterpiece measures 51.5 cm high by11.92 m long, created in simple black ink and ground pigment (颜料) on a long silk scroll.(这幅杰作高51.5厘米，长11.92米，用简单的黑色墨水和底色绘制在长长的丝绸卷轴上)”以及句意“广阔的”可知，应填形容词expansive，修饰名词size。故选I。 II.Reading Comprehension (45分) Section A(15分 ) Directions:For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A,B, Cand D.Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. The ocean twilight zone also known as the mid water, is a global layer of water stretching from 200 to 1,000 meters below the ocean surface. This dimly lit region, just beyond the reach of sunlight, is cold and under high pressure, yet it _____21_____ a host of marine species. Recent studies suggest that its fish biomass may be ten times greater than previously estimated, making it one of the most _____22_____ ecosystems on Earth. The twilight zone is home to a wide variety of organisms. Many of these creatures exhibit unique_____23_____to survive in this dark, high-pressure environment. One fascinating example is counter-illumination (反照明), where small fish generate light from their undersides to match the surface light above, making them nearly _____24_____to big fish below. One of the most remarkable phenomena in the twilight zone is the daily vertical (垂直的；纵向 的) _____25_____of its inhabitants. Every night, countless fish, squid, and plankton swim to the surface to feed under the cover of darkness. At dawn, they return to the_____26_____, safer waters. This daily migration is the largest regular animal movement on the planet, occurring every 24 hours across the world’s oceans. The twilight zone provides food for larger predators like whales and sharks, which are valuable for_____27_____reasons. Additionally, the twilight zone acts as a critical part of the ocean’s "biological pump". It helps transfer carbon dioxide from surface waters to the deep ocean, preventing it from _____28_____ to the atmosphere as a greenhouse gas. This process is vital for reducing climate change. Despite its ecological importance, the twilight zone remains largely unexplored. _____29_____ , commercial fishing interests are already targeting this region. Countries like Norway and Japan have begun ______30______harvesting of twilight-zone organisms, driven by the growing demand for fish meal and other products. To ensure sustainable use and ______31______of the twilight zone, we need to answer key questions about its biodiversity, life cycles, food webs, and role in the global carbon cycle. However, studying this region is ______32______due to its vastness, rapid changes, and the difficulty in capturing and observing its delicate organisms. In 2018, the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution launched a mission to explore a twilight zone.supported by $35 million from the Audacious Project. This initiative combines ______33______ technologies — such as advanced acoustics, high-resolution cameras, and genetic techniques — with traditional methods to study this complex ecosystem. By advancing our understanding of the twilight zone, we can develop policies to protect its biodiversity and ensure the ______34______ use of its resources. The ocean twilight zone remains a ______35______world of incredible biodiversity and ecological importance. As we face growing global challenges, understanding and preserving this mysterious region is more critical than ever. 21. A. housed B. excluded C. limited D. obtained 22. A. efficient B. intensive C. diverse D. internal 23. A. adaptations B. preferences C. insights D. rhythms 24. A. flexible B. incredible C. perceptible D. invisible 25. A. escape B. journey C. settlement D. exploration 26. A. deeper B. shallower C. warmer D. clearer 27. A. economic B. ecological C. evolutionary D. biological 28. A. bouncing B. reflecting C. dumping D. returning 29. A. However B. Therefore C. Additionally D. Consequently 30. A. agricultural B. residential C. industrial D. recreational 31. A. consumption B. conservation C. exploitation D. intervention 32. A. challenging B. rewarding C. fascinating D. engaging 33. A. life-changing B. cutting-edge C. cost-effective D. gene-altered 34. A. considerable B. comprehensive C. innovative D. responsible 35. A. remarkable B. complex C. hidden D. harsh 【答案】21. A 22. C 23. A 24. D 25. B 26. A 27. B 28. D 29. A 30. C 31. B 32. A 33. B 34. D 35. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了海洋“暮光地带”（中水层）位于海面下200至1000米，虽环境恶劣却物种丰富、生态多样。其生物有独特生存适应方式，且每日垂直迁移，是最大规模定期动物迁徙。“暮光地带”为大型捕食者供食，是“生物泵”关键部分，可减缓气候变化。人们需加深了解，制定政策保护生物多样性、合理利用资源，在全球挑战下，保护“暮光地带”意义重大。 【21题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这片光线暗淡的区域，阳光照射不到，温度低，压力大，但却居住着大量的海洋物种。A. housed让……居住；B. excluded排除；C. limited限制；D. obtained获得。根据下文“Recent studies suggest that its fish biomass may be ten times greater than previously estimated”可知，鱼类生物量可能是以前估计的十倍。由此可知，此处应表示这片区域虽然环境恶劣，但“居住”着大量的海洋物种。故选A项。 【22题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：最近的研究表明，它的鱼类生物量可能是以前估计的十倍，使其成为地球上最多样化的生态系统之一。A. efficient高效的；B. intensive密集的；C. diverse多样的；D. internal内部的。根据上文“Recent studies suggest that its fish biomass may be ten times greater than previously estimated”可知，该区域鱼类生物量比之前估计的十倍，说明是一个物种“多样的”生态系统。故选C项。 【23题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这些生物中的许多都表现出独特的适应能力，以便在这种黑暗、高压的环境中生存。A. adaptations适应性变化，适应能力；B. preferences偏好；C. insights洞察力；D. rhythms节奏。根据下文“survive in this dark, high-pressure environment”可知，这些生物在黑暗、高压环境中生存，展现出独特的“适应性”。故选A项。 【24题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一个有趣的例子是反照明，小鱼从它们的底部发出光来匹配上面的表面光，让下面的大鱼几乎看不见它们。A. flexible灵活的；B. incredible难以置信的；C. perceptible可察觉的；D. invisible看不见的。根据上文“small fish generate light from their undersides to match the surface light above”可知，小鱼通过反照明使自己与上面的光线匹配，让下面的大鱼几乎“看不见”它们。故选D项。 【25题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在暮光地带最引人注目的现象之一是它的居民每天的垂直旅行。A. escape逃跑；B. journey行程，旅程；C. settlement定居；D. exploration探索。根据下文“Every night, countless fish, squid, and plankton swim to the surface to feed under the cover of darkness.”可知，twilight zone的居民每天进行垂直“移动”。“journey”有“行程、旅程”的意思，这里指生物的垂直移动过程，符合语境。故选B项。 【26题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：黎明时分，它们回到更深更安全的水域。A. deeper更深的；B. shallower更浅的；C. warmer更温暖的；D. clearer更清澈的。根据文章开头“the mid water, is a global layer of water stretching from 200 to 1,000 meters below the ocean surface”可知，twilight zone在水下200到1000 米，所以黎明时它们回到更深的地方。故选A项。 【27题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这片暮光地带为鲸鱼和鲨鱼等大型捕食者提供了食物，它们在生态方面很有价值。A. economic经济的；B. ecological生态的；C. evolutionary进化的；D. biological生物的。根据上文“The twilight zone provides food for larger predators like whales and sharks”可知，鲸鱼和鲨鱼等大型捕食者对生态系统很重要。故选B项。 【28题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：它有助于将二氧化碳从地表水转移到深海，防止其以温室气体的形式返回大气。A. bouncing反弹；B. reflecting反射；C. dumping倾倒；D. returning返回。根据上文“It helps transfer carbon dioxide from surface waters to the deep ocean”可知，twilight zone帮助将二氧化碳从表层水转移到深海，防止其“返回”大气。故选D项。 【29题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，商业捕鱼利益已经瞄准了这一地区。A. However然而；B. Therefore因此；C. Additionally此外；D. Consequently结果。根据上文“Despite its ecological importance, the twilight zone remains largely unexplored.”以及下文内容可知，尽管twilight zone很重要，但商业捕鱼已经瞄准了这个区域，前后是转折关系。故选A项。 【30题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在对鱼粉和其他产品日益增长的需求的推动下，挪威和日本等国已经开始工业化捕捞濒临灭绝的生物。A. agricultural农业的；B. residential娱乐的；C. industrial工业的；D. recreational娱乐的。根据下文“driven by the growing demand for fish meal and other products”可知，挪威和日本等国在商业利益驱动下开始“工业化”捕捞 twilight-zone的生物。故选C项。 【31题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：为了确保暮光地带的可持续利用和保护，我们需要回答有关其生物多样性、生命周期、食物网以及在全球碳循环中的作用等关键问题。A. consumption消耗；B. conservation保护；C. exploitation探索；D. intervention干预。根据下文“we need to answer key questions about its biodiversity, life cycles, food webs, and role in the global carbon cycle”可知，为了可持续利用和“保护”twilight zone，我们需要了解它的相关信息。故选B项。 【32题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，由于该地区幅员辽阔，变化迅速，难以捕捉和观察其脆弱的生物，因此对该地区的研究具有挑战性。A. challenging有挑战性的；B. rewarding有回报的；C. fascinating迷人的；D. engaging吸引人的。根据下文“due to its vastness, rapid changes, and the difficulty in capturing and observing its delicate organisms”可知，该地区幅员辽阔，变化迅速，难以捕捉和观察其脆弱的生物。由此可知，对该地区的研究具有挑战性。故选A项。 【33题详解】 考查形容词短语辨析。句意：这项计划将先进的声学、高分辨率相机和基因技术等尖端技术与传统方法结合起来，研究这个复杂的生态系统。A. life-changing改变生活的；B. cutting-edge尖端的；C. cost-effective划算的；D. gene-altered基因改变的。根据下文“such as advanced acoustics, high-resolution cameras, and genetic techniques”可知，该研究项目结合了“尖端的”技术，如先进的声学、高分辨率相机和基因技术。故选B项。 【34题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：通过加深我们对暮光地带的了解，我们可以制定政策来保护其生物多样性，并确保负责任地使用其资源。A. considerable相当大的；B. comprehensive全面的；C. innovative创新的；D. responsible负责任的。根据上文“we can develop policies to protect its biodiversity”可知，通过了解暮光地带，我们可以制定政策保护其生物多样性，确保“负责任地”利用其资源。故选D项。 【35题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：海洋暮光地带仍然是一个隐藏的世界，有着令人难以置信的生物多样性和生态重要性。A. remarkable显著的；B. complex复杂的；C. hidden隐藏的；D. harsh严酷的。根据句意以及下文“incredible biodiversity and ecological importance”可知，海洋暮光地带是一个“隐藏的”世界，有着令人难以置信的生物多样性和生态重要性。故选C项。 Section B(22分) Dircctions:Read the following three passages.Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements.For each of them there are four choices marked A,B,C andD.Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read A George Barris is not just an ordinary car designer; he is a visionary who transforms vehicles into custom-crafted masterpieces tailored to his clients’ wildest imaginations. Since the early 1940s, his pioneering creations have dominated both big screens and the private collections of Hollywood’s celebrities. At the age of 7, George Barris and his brother received a 1925 Buick from their parents. They made changes to it, repainted it and then sold it. This experience sparked Barris’ lifelong passion for transforming automobiles. Later, George started turning regular cars into fast racing cars. Hollywood soon recognized his talent, contracting him in 1958 to design his first custom vehicle for the film High School Confidential. Many Hollywood stars flocked to Barris, demanding one-of-a-kind vehicles. The list of clients includes John Wayne, Elvis Presley, the Beatles, Frank Sinatra and many others. Customizing cars became popular after World War II, because people sought something personal to express their individuality. Car clubs emerged, and the appetite for new vehicles grew, especially among the wealthy. The big automobile companies did not venture into this market, leaving the field open to independent operators such as George Barris and others. However, nobody could match Barris’s skill in this field. In the 1960s, Barris created the black and red Batmobile, the most distinctive car of the TV series based on the comic book. For the hit television show The Munsters, he took three Model T Fords and skillfully cut and combined them to craft the family’s unique mode of transportation, the Koach. This vehicle featured an interior that was specially designed to look like a coffin (棺材), perfectly capturing the gothic aesthetic (美学) of the show. The Koach quickly became closely associated with The Munsters, just as the Batmobile was with its own series. George Barris has been designing cars for over six decades. He is a legend in the car design business, often referred to as the “Van Gogh” of the automobile industry. At 80, his son and daughter have taken over the day-to-day operations of the business, but he still actively designs cars in his studio. 36. What first led George Barris and his brother to start working on cars? A. The ambition to design cars for Hollywood. B The fascination with celebrity car collections. C. The passion for turning regular cars into race cars. D. The inspiration from getting a car as a childhood gift. 37. What was the primary reason for the rise of car customization after World War II? A. The rise of car clubs demanding exclusive designs B. The innovations in automotive production technology C. People’s growing appetite for distinctive self-expression D. Post-war economic recovery boosting consumer spending 38. The underlined phrase “Van Gogh” is used to indicate that George Barris was________ A. a pioneer of abstract designs B. a master of artistic innovations C. a creator of pop culture symbols D. a promoter of mainstream models 39. What is the most appropriate title for the passage? A. Custom Car Clubs: Post-War Boom in Popularity B. Hollywood’s Great Car Designer: George Barris C. George Barris: A Legend in Custom Car Innovation D. Classic Car Designs: Batmobile &Koach Highlights 【答案】36. D 37. C 38. B 39. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了汽车改造大师乔治·巴里斯的个人经历以及他在汽车改造行业所取得的成就。 【36题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“At the age of 7, George Barris and his brother received a 1925 Buick from their parents. They made changes to it, repainted it and then sold it. This experience sparked Barris’ lifelong passion for transforming automobiles.(7岁时，乔治·巴里斯和他的兄弟从父母那里得到了一辆1925年产的别克车。他们对它做了改动，重新粉刷，然后卖掉了。这次经历激发了巴里斯对改造汽车的毕生热情)”可知，作为童年礼物得到一辆汽车的灵感让乔治·巴里斯和他的兄弟开始研究汽车。故选D。 【37题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“Customizing cars became popular after World War II, because people sought something personal to express their individuality. Car clubs emerged, and the appetite for new vehicles grew, especially among the wealthy.(第二次世界大战后，定制汽车开始流行起来，因为人们寻求一些个性化的东西来表达他们的个性。汽车俱乐部出现了，对新车的需求也在增长，尤其是在富人中)”可知，第二次世界大战后汽车定制兴起的主要原因是人们对与众不同的自我表达的胃口越来越大。故选C。 【38题详解】 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“In the 1960s, Barris created the black and red Batmobile, the most distinctive car of the TV series based on the comic book. For the hit television show The Munsters, he took three Model T Fords and skillfully cut and combined them to craft the family’s unique mode of transportation, the Koach. This vehicle featured an interior that was specially designed to look like a coffin (棺材), perfectly capturing the gothic aesthetic (美学) of the show.(在20世纪60年代，巴里斯创造了黑色和红色的蝙蝠车，这是根据漫画改编的电视剧中最具特色的汽车。在热门电视节目《明斯特一家》中，他拿了三辆T型福特，巧妙地将它们切割和组合，打造出这家人独特的交通工具——科赫。这辆车的内饰是特别设计的，看起来像一个棺材，完美地捕捉了这个节目的哥特式美学)”以及最后一段“He is a legend in the car design business, often referred to as the “Van Gogh” of the automobile industry.(他是汽车设计界的传奇人物，常被称为汽车行业的“梵高”)”可知，乔治·巴里斯一生中改造了许多汽车，有过很多汽车的创新，所以画线的短语“梵高”是用来表示乔治·巴里斯是一位艺术创新大师。故选B。 【39题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段“George Barris is not just an ordinary car designer; he is a visionary who transforms vehicles into custom-crafted masterpieces tailored to his clients’ wildest imaginations.(乔治·巴里斯不仅仅是一位普通的汽车设计师；他是一个有远见的人，他把汽车改造成定制的杰作，以满足客户最疯狂的想象)”结合文章主要介绍了汽车改造大师乔治·巴里斯的个人经历以及他在汽车改造行业所取得的成就。可知，C选项“乔治·巴里斯：定制汽车创新的传奇”最符合文章标题。故选C。 B A brain-computer interface (BCI) is a system that determines functional intent — the desire to change, move, control, or interact with something in your environment — directly from your brain activity. In other words, BCIs allow you to control an application or a device using only your mind. When it comes to motor control, if we want to interact with a device in our environment (e. g. a lamp), we first decide what we want to do (turn on the lamp), then we coordinate (协调) and use the muscles in our arms, legs, hands, feet, etc., to perform that action (reach out with your finger and press the lamps on/off switch) and then finally the device responds to that action (the lamp turns on). BCIs bypass that middle step of coordinating and using your muscles to perform the desired action, instead using a computer to identify the intended action and then controlling the application of device directly. A brain-computer interface (BCI) functions through a series of interconnected steps. Initially, a specialized device captures the brain’s electrical activity, providing raw data that reflects the user’s intentions. This data is then sent to a computer, which processes and analyzes the signals to decode the user’s desired actions. Finally, the interpreted information controls an external application or device, allowing the user to interact smoothly. This integration of measurement, analysis, and control forms the backbone of BCI technology. Another important step of a BCI is feedback: the system must somehow let the user know what decision or intended action the computer was able to interpret. In our previous example, the lamp successfully turning on indicates to the user that the BCI successfully identified the action the user wanted. Providing feedback helps the user adapt to the BCI system, learning how they can control and adjust their brain activity, just as we can learn to coordinate and control our muscles and bodies. 40. How does a BCI differ from motor control? A. It skips physical performance via muscles. B. It requires stronger muscle movements. C. It coordinates a variety of body parts. D It relies entirely on external sensors. 41. What role does the computer play in a BCI system? A. Measuring brain activity through sensors. B. Providing physical feedback to the user. C. Processing brain signals to identify intent D. Replacing the user’s decision-making process. 42. Which step in the illustration helps users adapt and confirm their intended action? A. ① B. ② C. ③ D. ④ 【答案】40. A 41. C 42. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了脑机接口（BCI）的定义，工作原理、应用和前景。 【40题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“BCIs bypass that middle step of coordinating and using your muscles to perform the desired action, instead using a computer to identify the intended action and then controlling the application of device directly.( BCIs绕过了协调和使用肌肉来执行预期动作的中间步骤，而是使用计算机识别预期动作，然后直接控制设备的应用)”可知，脑机接口（BCI）绕过了协调和使用肌肉来执行期望动作的中间步骤，而运动控制需要协调和使用肌肉来完成动作，所以BCI与运动控制的不同在于它跳过了通过肌肉进行的身体表现。故选A项。 【41题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段中“Initially, a specialized device captures the brain’s electrical activity, providing raw data that reflects the user’s intentions. This data is then sent to a computer, which processes and analyzes the signals to decode the user’s desired actions. (起初，一个专门的设备捕捉大脑的电活动，提供反映用户意图的原始数据。然后，这些数据被发送到计算机，计算机对这些信号进行处理和分析，以解码用户想要的动作)”可知，计算机在 BCI 系统中的作用是处理大脑信号以识别意图。故选C项。 【42题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段“Another important step of a BCI is feedback: the system must somehow let the user know what decision or intended action the computer was able to interpret. In our previous example, the lamp successfully turning on indicates to the user that the BCI successfully identified the action the user wanted. Providing feedback helps the user adapt to the BCI system, learning how they can control and adjust their brain activity, just as we can learn to coordinate and control our muscles and bodies.( BCI的另一个重要步骤是反馈：系统必须以某种方式让用户知道计算机能够解释的决定或预期动作。在前面的示例中，灯成功打开向用户表明BCI成功识别了用户想要的操作。提供反馈可以帮助用户适应BCI系统，学习如何控制和调整大脑活动，就像我们可以学习协调和控制我们的肌肉和身体一样)”可知，反馈这一步骤帮助用户适应 BCI 系统并确认他们的预期动作，在图示中，④表示外部设备（如灯）对用户意图的反应，即反馈，所以④这一步骤帮助用户适应和确认他们的预期动作，D 选项正确。①②③这三个步骤都不是反馈步骤，A、B、C 错误。故选D项。 C The technological singularity (技术奇点) is a theoretical scenario where technological growth becomes uncontrollable and irreversible, leading to profound and unpredictable changes to human civilization. In theory, this phenomenon is driven by the emergence of artificial intelligence (AI) that surpasses human cognitive (认知的) capabilities and can autonomously enhance itself. The theory suggests that such advancements could evolve at a pace so rapid that humans would be unable to foresee or stop the process. The implications of reaching this singularity point could be good or disastrous for the human race. For now,the concept stays within the boundaries of science fiction, but nonetheless, it’s still worth thinking about what such a future might look like,so that humanity might steer AI development in such a way as to promote its civilizational interests. The timeline for reaching the technological singularity is a subject of much debate among experts. Ray Kurzweil, one of the most vocal advocates of the singularity, has famously predicted that the singularity is near and will happen by 2045. His prediction is based on trends such as Moore’s law and the increasing rate of technological advancements in fields such as computing, Al and biotechnology. Other experts cast more doubt on the prediction or propose different timelines. Some suggest that while Al will continue to advance, the complexities and unforeseen challenges of achieving superintelligence might delay the singularity beyond this century, if it happens at all.Systems theorist Richard Coren,in his book The Evolutionary Trajectory, projects a singularity in 2140. Technological, ethical and regulatory challenges might all potentially slow the pace of AI development. Moreover, figures such as Roman Yampolskiy point out that predicting the exact timeline is extremely difficult due to the exceptional nature of the singularity itself. The developments leading to a singularity involve many variables, including breakthroughs in AI algorithms, hardware capabilities and socictal factors that are hard to forecast with accuracy. Eamonn Healy, a professor at St.Edward’s University, assumes the evolution, particularly in terms of technological and intellectual advancement, is proceeding at an ever-increasing pace, compressing what used to take millennia into centuries and even shorter time frames. This concept of the acceleration (加速) of technological advancements echoes the views of futurists such as Ray Kurzweil, who predict that such changes might occur around the mid-21st century. 43. The underlined word “steer” in the passage is closest in meaning to_________. A. quicken B. restrict C. direct D. predict 44. If an expert foresees the singularity in less than 30 years, who might he team up with? A. Ray Kurzweil and Richard Coren. B. Eamonn Healy and Ray Kurzweil. C. Roman Yampolskiy and Eamonn Healy. D. Richard Coren and Roman Yampolskiy. 45. What best describes Roman Yampolskiy’s attitude toward predicting the singularity? A. Reserved. B. Optimistic. C. Indifferent. D. Neutral. 46. Which statement best summarizes the passage? A. The singularity is a guaranteed event with clear benefits. B. The singularity’s timelinc and implications remain uncertain. C. Experts agree the singularity will occur by 2045 without delay. D. AI development is accelerated due to regulatory obstacles. 【答案】43. C 44. B 45. A 46. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了技术奇点的概念、影响及专家对其到来时间的争议。 【43题详解】 词句猜测题。根据划线单词前半句话“For now, the concept stays within the boundaries of science fiction, but nonetheless, it's still worth thinking about what such a future might look like(目前，这个概念仍处于科幻小说的范畴之内，但尽管如此，思考一下这样的未来可能是什么样子仍然是值得的)”以及后面“AI development in such a way as to promote its civilizational interests(以促进人类文明利益的方式发展人工智能)”可知，技术奇点目前还处于科幻范畴，但思考其未来模样很有价值，目的是为了引导人工智能发展，进而促进文明利益。由此推知，划线词steer意思是“引导、指引”。故选C。 【44题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段的“Ray Kurzweil, one of the most vocal advocates of the singularity, has famously predicted that the singularity is near and will happen by 2045.(雷·库兹韦尔是技术奇点最直言不讳的支持者之一，他曾预言技术奇点即将到来，并将在2045年之前发生)”以及最后一段“Eamonn Healy, a professor at St. Edward's University, assumes the evolution, particularly in terms of technological and intellectual advancement, is proceeding at an ever-increasing pace, compressing what used to take millennia into centuries and even shorter time frames. This concept of the acceleration of technological advancements echoes the views of futurists such as Ray Kurzweil, who predict that such changes might occur around the mid-21st century.(圣爱德华大学的教授伊蒙·希利认为，进化，特别是在技术和智力进步方面，正在以越来越快的速度进行，将过去需要数千年才能完成的事情压缩到几百年甚至更短的时间内。这种技术加速发展的概念与雷·库兹韦尔等未来主义者的观点相呼应，他们预测这种变化可能发生在21世纪中期左右)”可知，如果一位专家预测技术奇点将在不到30年内出现，他可能会与雷·库兹韦尔和伊蒙·希利的观点一致。故选B。 【45题详解】 推理判断题。根据第五段的“Moreover, figures such as Roman Yampolskiy point out that predicting the exact timeline is extremely difficult due to the exceptional nature of the singularity itself.(此外，罗曼·亚姆波尔斯基等人指出，由于技术奇点本身的特殊性，预测其确切的时间线极其困难)”可推知，罗曼·亚姆波尔斯基对预测技术奇点的态度是有所保留的。故选A。 【46题详解】 主旨大意题。根据全文内容可知，尤其是第一段“The technological singularity(技术奇点)is a theoretical scenario where technological growth becomes uncontrollable and irreversible,leading to profound and unpredictable changes to human civilization.(技术奇点是一种理论设想，在这种设想中，技术的发展变得不可控制且不可逆转，从而给人类文明带来深刻且难以预料的变化)”可知，文章主要讲述了技术奇点的概念、不同专家对其发生时间的预测以及预测的不确定性。由此可知，B选项“技术奇点的时间线和影响仍然不确定”最能概括文章大意。故选B。 Section C(8分) Directions:Read the passage carefully.Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box Each sentence can be used only once.Note that there are two more sentences than you need The Rise of Plushie(毛绒玩具)Culture It looked like a typical fish-and-chip shop. Chefs tended to frying baskets and wrapped orders in newspaper. However, this “catch of the day” was entirely inedible. The London pop-up shop by Jellycat, a famous plush toy brand, sold soft fish with plushie lemons instead of real seafood. ____47____ TikTok videos with the Plushies tag, showing different kinds of stuffed toys like cartoon characters and creative shapes, have been watched almost 8 billion times. Crazy shopping scenes in some pop-up shops are extremely mind-blowing. ____48____. According to research firm Circana, soft toys are now the second most popular toys in the UK, with sales jumping 58% since 2021.The global plush toy market was worth $11.7 billion in 2023 and is expected to grow by 8% each year until 2030. The business is so profitable that Warren Buffett bought the company behind Squishmallows in 2022, calling it a money-making “jewel”. Surprisingly, children aren’t driving this demand. ____49____. The pandemic strengthened this shift, as isolated individuals sought comfort in nostalgic items. “Plushies bring happiness in a stressful world,” says Lucy Dray, an online retailer. Social media influencers promote “healing your inner child” through collecting. ____50____. They claim that the growing obsession with soft toys reflects a reluctance to embrace adult responsibilities and a desire to withdraw into the comfort of childhood. However, this perspective overlooks the deeper emotional and psychological benefits that plushies can provide. In a fast-paced, often overwhelming world, plushies offer a connection to simpler, happier times. Rather than a sign of immaturity, the plushie craze may simply highlight a universal human need for comfort and joy, regardless of age. A. The target instead is “kidults” (aged 12+), accounting for over 25% of toy sales. B. The playful concept mirrored a global trend: the world has gone soft for soft toys. C. That is because more children turned to plush companions for emotional support. D. Critics will argue that the plushie craze is a sign of an “infantilised” generation. E. High prices only enhance their appeal, making them luxury collectibles. F. Even with strict purchase limits, fans still line up for hours to get limited editions. 【答案】47. B 48. F 49. A 50. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了毛绒玩具文化的兴起。毛绒玩具不再只是小孩子的玩具，在这个快节奏、压力巨大的世界里，毛绒玩具让人联想到更简单、更快乐的时代，而不是不成熟的标志，毛绒玩具热潮可能只是突显了人类对舒适和快乐的普遍需求，无论年龄大小。 【47题详解】 根据上文“It looked like a typical fish-and-chip shop. Chefs tended to frying baskets and wrapped orders in newspaper. However, this “catch of the day” was entirely inedible. The London pop-up shop by Jellycat, a famous plush toy brand, sold soft fish with plushie lemons instead of real seafood.(这家店乍看是一家典型的炸鱼薯条店。系围裙的厨师们忙着照看油炸篮和用报纸包裹的餐点。但这家位于伦敦百货公司塞尔福里奇的店铺有着别样的收获：顾客们争相抢购的是毛茸茸的鱼和柠檬玩具，而非真正的海鲜)”及下文“TikTok videos with the Plushies tag, showing different kinds of stuffed toys like cartoon characters and creative shapes, have been watched almost 8 billion times.(带有Plushies标签的TikTok视频，展示了卡通人物和创意形状等不同种类的填充玩具，已经被浏览了近80亿次)”可知，此处应该解释上文的奇特现象，指出人们对毛绒玩具的追捧痴迷。由此可知，B. The playful concept mirrored a global trend: the world has gone soft for soft toys.(这个好玩的概念反映了一种全球趋势：世界对毛绒玩具的喜爱程度越来越高)符合语境。故选B项。 【48题详解】 根据上文“Crazy shopping scenes in some pop-up shops are extremely mind-blowing.(一些快闪商店里疯狂的购物场景非常令人兴奋)”可知，人们疯狂购买毛绒玩具。由此可知，F. Even with strict purchase limits, fans still line up for hours to get limited editions.(即使有严格的购买限制，粉丝们仍然要排几个小时的队来买限量版)符合语境。故选F项 【49题详解】 根据上文“Surprisingly, children aren’t driving this demand.(令人惊讶的是，孩子们并没有推动这种需求)”可知，人们一向认为孩子们喜欢毛绒玩具，而上一句说目前疯狂购买毛绒玩具的却不是孩子。选项说明消费的主体是谁。A. The target instead is “kidults” (aged 12+), accounting for over 25% of toy sales.(目标是“成年孩子”（12岁以上），占玩具销售额的25%以上)符合语境。故选A项。 【50题详解】 根据下文“They claim that the growing obsession with soft toys reflects a reluctance to embrace adult responsibilities and a desire to withdraw into the comfort of childhood.(他们声称，对毛绒玩具日益增长的痴迷反映出人们不愿承担成人的责任，渴望回到童年的舒适中)”可知，有人认为成年人迷恋毛绒玩具是不愿承担成年人的责任。由此可知，D. Critics will argue that the plushie craze is a sign of an “infantilised” generation.(批评人士会说，对毛绒玩具的狂热是“幼稚化”一代的标志)符合语境，是对这种现象的负面评价，其中Critics呼应下文主语They。故选D项。 IIL.Summary Vriting(10分) 51 Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main poin(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. Noise-Cancelling Headphones: A Double-Edged Sword for Hearing? They are prized for making the daily trip more bearable and creating a barrier against the noise of daily life. But some specialists suspect that overusing the noise-cancelling headphones which constantly blocking out background noise may have unintended consequences. Renee Almeida, an adult audiology clinical lead at Imperial College healthcare NHS trust, has seen an increase in adults coming to her clinic with hearing issues only for tests to suggest their hearing is fine. The problem is with their brain, not their ears. They might fail to locate where a sound is coming from, or struggle to follow a conversation on the train, in a bar or at a restaurant. The condition, known as auditory processing disorder, is often diagnosed in children, so the rise in adults with similar issues struck Almeida as odd. Almeida suspects prolonged headphone use, which limits the brain’s exposure to multiple sounds, might be responsible. “Normally, our brains sort thousands of sounds and prioritize important ones,” Almeida explains.” But noise-cancelling headphones deliver only one sound source — music or podcasts — depriving the brain of practice in distinguishing speech from background noise.” However, for Harvey Dillon, a professor of auditory science at the University of Manchester, Almeida’s idea is an assumption yet to be tested.” There is no research investigating the link between the use of noise-cancelling headphones and reduced auditory processing ability,” he says. He cautions that loud music can damage neurons (神经元) in the auditory system. “It may be that listening to loud music is the cause of the auditory processing problem, not the noise-cancelling feature,” he says.” If so, noise cancelling could be a good feature, as it allows one to listen to music without interference from background noise.” While theories about headphone-related harm remain unproven, experts agree on one point: understanding how modern listening habits reshape auditory processing requires urgent scientific attention. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Some specialists suspect overusing noise-cancelling headphones may cause auditory processing disorder as they limit the brain’s sound exposure. Others say it’s unproven. Experts stress the need for scientific study. 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章探讨了降噪耳机可能对听觉处理能力产生的影响，专家对此持不同观点，并强调需要进一步科学研究。 【详解】1. 要点摘录 ① Noise-cancelling headphones are valued for blocking background noise, but overuse may lead to unintended consequences. ② Some adults exhibit hearing issues like sound localization difficulties, possibly due to prolonged headphone use limiting the brain’s exposure to multiple sounds. ③ Another expert argues this theory lacks research evidence, suggesting loud music volume might be the real cause of auditory problems. ④ Experts agree that scientific studies are urgently needed to understand how modern listening habits reshape auditory processing. 2. 缜密构思 将第1、2要点整合为降噪耳机的潜在危害，第3要点作为反驳观点，第4要点总结专家共识。 3. 遣词造句 Overuse of noise-cancelling headphones may impair auditory processing by limiting the brain’s exposure to diverse sounds, though this link remains unproven. Experts urge researches to clarify how modern listening habits affect hearing. 【点睛】【高分句型1】Overuse of noise-cancelling headphones may impair auditory processing by limiting the brain’s exposure to diverse sounds, though this link remains unproven.(通过by doing sth表方式，though引导让步从句，平衡地呈现争议。) 【高分句型2】Experts urge researches to clarify how modern listening habits affect hearing.(使用不定式结构作目的状语，how引导宾语从句，简洁强调科学研究的必要性。) IV.Translation(15 分) Directions:Translate the following sentences into English,using the words given in the brackets. 52. 我们没有泡面了，你下楼的时候去买几包好吗? (grab) （汉译英） ___________________________________________________ 【答案】We don’t have any instant noodles left. Could you please grab a few packs when you go downstairs? 【解析】 【详解】考查动词短语、固定句型和时间状语从句。根据句意以及句子的提示词可知，表示“没有泡面了”应为动词短语don’t have any instant noodles left；表示“你能……”应为固定句型Could you please...用于礼貌地提出请求；表示“买几包”应为动词短语grab a few packs；后接when引导的时间状语从句，该从句中，表示“当你下楼的时候”可译为when you go downstairs。故翻译为：We don’t have any instant noodles left. Could you please grab a few packs when you go downstairs? 53. 为了避免意外受伤，他锻炼的时候始终保持适当的强度。(moderate) （汉译英） ___________________________________________________ 【答案】In order to avoid accidental injuries, he always maintains a moderate intensity when exercising. 【解析】 【详解】考查时态以及状语从句的省略。表示 “为了……”用in order to，后接动词原形，“避免”用动词 avoid，“意外受伤”翻译为 accidental injuries，“in order to avoid accidental injuries” 作目的状语。表示“他”用 he，作主语。“始终”用副词 always，“保持”用动词 maintain，根据语境描述的是一般的行为习惯，用一般现在时，主语 he是第三人称单数，所以谓语动词用maintains。“适当的”用形容词moderate，“强度”用 intensity，“a moderate intensity”作maintains的宾语。“当……时候”用连接副词when，“锻炼”用动词 exercise。当时间状语从句的主语和主句的主语一致，且含有be动词时，可以省略从句的主语以及be动词。“when exercising”是省略了从句中的“he is”。故翻译为In order to avoid accidental injuries, he always maintains a moderate intensity when exercising. 54. 蛇年到来，愿你如灵蛇般冷静果政，敏锐地抓住生活中的每一个宝贵机遇。(seize) （汉译英） ___________________________________________________ 【答案】As the Year of the Snake arrives, may you be as calm and decisive as a clever snake and seize every precious opportunity in life keenly. 【解析】 【详解】考查时间状语从句、固定句型、形容词和动词短语。陈述客观事实，使用一般现在时，根据句意以及句子结构可知，该句为连词As引导的时间状语从句，从句表示“蛇年到来”可译为As the Year of the Snake arrives；主句中，表示“愿你……”可译为may you…；表示“像……一样”应为固定句型be as...as...；表示“冷静”为形容词calm；表示“果断的”为形容词decisive；表示“抓住生活中的每一个宝贵机遇”应为动词短语seize every precious opportunity in life；表示“敏锐地”为副词keenly。故翻译为：As the Year of the Snake arrives, may you be as calm and decisive as a clever snake and seize every precious opportunity in life keenly. 55. 如果你感到孤独、迷茫，请务必翻开这本书，它会给你勇气，助你挣脱生活樊笼，寻到内心的光芒与自由。(which) （汉译英） ___________________________________________________ 【答案】If you feel lonely and confused, be sure to open this book, which will give you the courage to break free from the cage of life and find the light and freedom in your heart. 【解析】 【详解】考查状语从句和定语从句。引导条件状语从句，表示“如果”用if，主语为you，表示“感到孤独、迷茫”为feel lonely and confused，陈述事实用一般现在时；表示“请务必”为肯定祈使句，为be sure to；表示“翻开这本书”为open this book；后跟非限制性定语从句修饰先行词book，在从句作主语，指物，用which；表示“给你做某事的勇气”用give you the courage to do sth.；表示“助你挣脱生活的樊笼”可用to break free from the cage of life；表示“寻到内心的光芒与自由”为find the light and freedom in your heart。从句表示将来的动作用一般将来时。故翻译为If you feel lonely and confused, be sure to open this book, which will give you the courage to break free from the cage of life and find the light and freedom in your heart. V.Guided Writing(25分 ) 56. Directions:Vrite an English composirion in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 假设你是明启中学高三学生李明，你校学生会计划开设一个名为“The Voice of Our Generation”的视频号，现正向广大学生征求第一期视频的内容，如：校园生活，成长故事， 流行文化……。请你向学生会写封信给出你的意见。信件内容须包括： 1. 视频的主要内容； 2. 选择该内容的理由。 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Dear Student Union, I am Li Ming, a Senior 3 student from Mingqi Middle School. I am writing to offer my suggestions for the first video of “The Voice of Our Generation”. I propose that the first video should focus on “campus life”. It can include scenes from our daily classes, club activities, and sports events. The reason is that campus life is the most familiar and vivid part of our generation. It reflects our efforts, dreams, and the bonds we form with classmates and teachers. Through sharing campus life, students from different grades can better understand each other and feel a sense of belonging. Moreover, it can also present our school spirit to the outside world, attracting more students to explore our wonderful campus. I sincerely hope my idea can be considered. Looking forward to seeing the wonderful first video. Yours sincerely, Li Ming 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生对于你校学生会计划开设一个名为“The Voice of Our Generation”的视频号，现正向广大学生征求第一期视频的内容，如：校园生活，成长故事， 流行文化……这一情况，向学生会写封信给出你的意见。 【详解】1.词汇积累 提供：offer→ provide 建议：propose→ suggest 此外：Moreover→ What’s more 专注于：focus on→ concentrate on 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：I am Li Ming, a Senior 3 student from Mingqi Middle School. 拓展句：I am Li Ming, who is a Senior 3 student from Mingqi Middle School. 【点睛】【高分句型1】I propose that the first video should focus on “campus life”.(运用了that引导的宾语从句) 【高分句型2】Moreover, it can also present our school spirit to the outside world, attracting more students to explore our wonderful campus.(运用了现在分词作状语) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2024学年第二学期奉贤区高三英语练习卷 考生注意： 1. 考试时间105分钟，试卷满分115分。 2. 本次考试设试卷和答题纸两部分。所有答题必须涂(选择题)或写(非选择题)在答题 纸上，做在试卷上一律不得分。 3. 务必在答题纸上填写准考证号和姓名，并将核对后的条形码贴在指定位置。 I.Grammar and Vocabulary Section A(10分) Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank Middle East’s Dark Sky Hubs Sara Sami vividly recalls the first time she truly saw the stars. The 38-year-old photographer and travel guide____1____ (search) for a spot in Saudi Arabia — a massive cliff overlooking a vast desert — when she unexpectedly found herself under an amazing night sky. “There was a blanket of stars right above me, “Sami reminisces.” I ____2____ see thousands of them stretching endlessly. It was a breathtaking sight.” Ever since that night, Saudi Arabia has become her top stargazing destination. Sami has traveled numerous times from her home in Bahrain, a small island nation ____3____ (connect)to Saudi Arabia by a 15-mile causeway. She seeks out places with undisturbed darkness, far from towns and cities, ____4____ she can see the Milky Way. It was literally in the middle of a desert: there was an abandoned village with broken houses. ____5____ the atmosphere was frightening and filled with an unsettling stillness, the sky was stunningly beautiful. In November last year, another nature reserve, near the ancient oasis city of AlUla, ____6____ (name)the first-ever Dark Sky Park in the Middle East. Saudi Arabia joined 21 other countries on its list of certified Dark Sky Places, with the US and New Zealand ____7____ (top) the list. “Part of the 2,334 square kilometer reserve’s commitment to the preservation of the night sky involves careful lighting design, such as ensuring ____8____, if possible, lights are equipped with shades to minimize light pollution. Specifically, these shades are designed to direct the light down ____9____ up.” The local observatory is currently developing an outdoor lighting guide for new and existing developments within AlUla County. This guide will enable residents and visitors to see the night sky above AlUla in all its natural beauty for years_____10_____ (come). This ongoing effort reflects a broader commitment to preserving the night sky for future generations. Section B(10分) Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A. visually B. interacts C. essential D. minute E. composition F. perspective G. accuracy H. dominates I. expansive J. survives K. occasionally Masterpiece: One Thousand Liof Rivers and Mountains Wang Ximeng (1096-1119) was a famous but short-lived painter. Tragically, only one of his works _____11_____One Thousand Li of Rivers and Mountains, which is cherished as a rare and precious masterpiece in the art world. This masterpiece measures 51.5 cm high by11.92 m long, created in simple black ink and ground pigment (颜料) on a long silk scroll. Despite its material simplicity, the painting’s _____12_____is remarkably complex. It unfolds like a panoramic (全景式) story of a Southern Chinese landscape, presented with a(n) _____13_____ that hints at Wang’s deep roots in the region. The landscape is divided into six mountain sections separated by water, _____14_____ linked by bridges. Houses, trees, and figures dot the mountains, shown from various viewpoints. This shifting _____15_____enables viewers, as they unroll the scroll from right to left, to experience a continuous, immersive narrative of daily activities. It creates a dynamic visual flow, much like watching scenery pass by through a train window. The painting’s perfection is enhanced by its_____16_____striking blue-green landscape, or qinglü shanshui, a technique that flourished during the Northen Song Dynasty. Brilliant blue _____17_____ the mountains’ peaks, bold green covers the mountains’ valleys, and pale brown implies the mountains’ bases. This radiant arrangement emphasizes color over line, skillfully using light, shade, and texture to create depth and atmosphere. This painting _____18_____ with the viewer in a way rarely found in Western paintings. Due to its vast scale but _____19_____ details, it requires multiple viewings at different distances. The first viewing is at a far distance to observe its sweeping grandeur. The second viewing is at a close distance to observe its refined features. The third viewing is at a mid-distance to observe its overall impact. This layered viewing experience deepens the engagement with the artwork, making the paintings feel completely alive. It offers a profound and subtle exploration of the visible world through its ______20______ — size, rich colors, and expressive details, emitting qi or energy that enlivens the viewer. Ultimately, this masterpiece invites viewers to immerse themselves in its beauty, discovering new horizons with each encounter. II.Reading Comprehension (45分) Section A(15分 ) Directions:For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A,B, Cand D.Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. The ocean twilight zone, also known as the mid water, is a global layer of water stretching from 200 to 1,000 meters below the ocean surface. This dimly lit region, just beyond the reach of sunlight, is cold and under high pressure, yet it _____21_____ a host of marine species. Recent studies suggest that its fish biomass may be ten times greater than previously estimated, making it one of the most _____22_____ ecosystems on Earth. The twilight zone is home to a wide variety of organisms. Many of these creatures exhibit unique_____23_____to survive in this dark, high-pressure environment. One fascinating example is counter-illumination (反照明), where small fish generate light from their undersides to match the surface light above, making them nearly _____24_____to big fish below. One of the most remarkable phenomena in the twilight zone is the daily vertical (垂直的；纵向 的) _____25_____of its inhabitants. Every night, countless fish, squid, and plankton swim to the surface to feed under the cover of darkness. At dawn, they return to the_____26_____, safer waters. This daily migration is the largest regular animal movement on the planet, occurring every 24 hours across the world’s oceans. The twilight zone provides food for larger predators like whales and sharks, which are valuable for_____27_____reasons. Additionally, the twilight zone acts as a critical part of the ocean’s "biological pump". It helps transfer carbon dioxide from surface waters to the deep ocean, preventing it from _____28_____ to the atmosphere as a greenhouse gas. This process is vital for reducing climate change. Despite its ecological importance, the twilight zone remains largely unexplored. _____29_____ , commercial fishing interests are already targeting this region. Countries like Norway and Japan have begun ______30______harvesting of twilight-zone organisms, driven by the growing demand for fish meal and other products. To ensure sustainable use and ______31______of the twilight zone, we need to answer key questions about its biodiversity, life cycles, food webs, and role in the global carbon cycle. However, studying this region is ______32______due to its vastness, rapid changes, and the difficulty in capturing and observing its delicate organisms. In 2018, the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution launched a mission to explore a twilight zone.supported by $35 million from the Audacious Project. This initiative combines ______33______ technologies — such as advanced acoustics, high-resolution cameras, and genetic techniques — with traditional methods to study this complex ecosystem. By advancing our understanding of the twilight zone, we can develop policies to protect its biodiversity and ensure the ______34______ use of its resources. The ocean twilight zone remains a ______35______world of incredible biodiversity and ecological importance. As we face growing global challenges, understanding and preserving this mysterious region is more critical than ever. 21. A. housed B. excluded C. limited D. obtained 22. A. efficient B. intensive C. diverse D. internal 23. A. adaptations B. preferences C. insights D. rhythms 24. A. flexible B. incredible C. perceptible D. invisible 25. A. escape B. journey C. settlement D. exploration 26. A. deeper B. shallower C. warmer D. clearer 27. A. economic B. ecological C. evolutionary D. biological 28. A. bouncing B. reflecting C. dumping D. returning 29. A. However B. Therefore C. Additionally D. Consequently 30. A. agricultural B. residential C. industrial D. recreational 31. A. consumption B. conservation C. exploitation D. intervention 32. A. challenging B. rewarding C. fascinating D. engaging 33. A. life-changing B. cutting-edge C. cost-effective D. gene-altered 34. A. considerable B. comprehensive C. innovative D. responsible 35. A. remarkable B. complex C. hidden D. harsh Section B(22分) Dircctions:Read the following three passages.Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements.For each of them there are four choices marked A,B,C andD.Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read A George Barris is not just an ordinary car designer; he is a visionary who transforms vehicles into custom-crafted masterpieces tailored to his clients’ wildest imaginations. Since the early 1940s, his pioneering creations have dominated both big screens and the private collections of Hollywood’s celebrities. At the age of 7, George Barris and his brother received a 1925 Buick from their parents. They made changes to it, repainted it and then sold it. This experience sparked Barris’ lifelong passion for transforming automobiles. Later, George started turning regular cars into fast racing cars. Hollywood soon recognized his talent, contracting him in 1958 to design his first custom vehicle for the film High School Confidential. Many Hollywood stars flocked to Barris, demanding one-of-a-kind vehicles. The list of clients includes John Wayne, Elvis Presley, the Beatles, Frank Sinatra and many others. Customizing cars became popular after World War II, because people sought something personal to express their individuality. Car clubs emerged, and the appetite for new vehicles grew, especially among the wealthy. The big automobile companies did not venture into this market, leaving the field open to independent operators such as George Barris and others. However, nobody could match Barris’s skill in this field. In the 1960s, Barris created the black and red Batmobile, the most distinctive car of the TV series based on the comic book. For the hit television show The Munsters, he took three Model T Fords and skillfully cut and combined them to craft the family’s unique mode of transportation, the Koach. This vehicle featured an interior that was specially designed to look like a coffin (棺材), perfectly capturing the gothic aesthetic (美学) of the show. The Koach quickly became closely associated with The Munsters, just as the Batmobile was with its own series. George Barris has been designing cars for over six decades. He is a legend in the car design business, often referred to as the “Van Gogh” of the automobile industry. At 80, his son and daughter have taken over the day-to-day operations of the business, but he still actively designs cars in his studio. 36. What first led George Barris and his brother to start working on cars? A. The ambition to design cars for Hollywood. B. The fascination with celebrity car collections. C. The passion for turning regular cars into race cars. D. The inspiration from getting a car as a childhood gift. 37. What was the primary reason for the rise of car customization after World War II? A The rise of car clubs demanding exclusive designs B. The innovations in automotive production technology C. People’s growing appetite for distinctive self-expression D. Post-war economic recovery boosting consumer spending 38. The underlined phrase “Van Gogh” is used to indicate that George Barris was________ A. a pioneer of abstract designs B. a master of artistic innovations C. a creator of pop culture symbols D. a promoter of mainstream models 39. What is the most appropriate title for the passage? A. Custom Car Clubs: Post-War Boom in Popularity B. Hollywood’s Great Car Designer: George Barris C. George Barris: A Legend in Custom Car Innovation D. Classic Car Designs: Batmobile &Koach Highlights B A brain-computer interface (BCI) is a system that determines functional intent — the desire to change, move, control, or interact with something in your environment — directly from your brain activity. In other words, BCIs allow you to control an application or a device using only your mind. When it comes to motor control, if we want to interact with a device in our environment (e. g. a lamp), we first decide what we want to do (turn on the lamp), then we coordinate (协调) and use the muscles in our arms, legs, hands, feet, etc., to perform that action (reach out with your finger and press the lamps on/off switch) and then finally the device responds to that action (the lamp turns on). BCIs bypass that middle step of coordinating and using your muscles to perform the desired action, instead using a computer to identify the intended action and then controlling the application of device directly. A brain-computer interface (BCI) functions through a series of interconnected steps. Initially, a specialized device captures the brain’s electrical activity, providing raw data that reflects the user’s intentions. This data is then sent to a computer, which processes and analyzes the signals to decode the user’s desired actions. Finally, the interpreted information controls an external application or device, allowing the user to interact smoothly. This integration of measurement, analysis, and control forms the backbone of BCI technology. Another important step of a BCI is feedback: the system must somehow let the user know what decision or intended action the computer was able to interpret. In our previous example, the lamp successfully turning on indicates to the user that the BCI successfully identified the action the user wanted. Providing feedback helps the user adapt to the BCI system, learning how they can control and adjust their brain activity, just as we can learn to coordinate and control our muscles and bodies. 40. How does a BCI differ from motor control? A. It skips physical performance via muscles. B. It requires stronger muscle movements. C. It coordinates a variety of body parts. D. It relies entirely on external sensors. 41. What role does the computer play in a BCI system? A. Measuring brain activity through sensors. B. Providing physical feedback to the user. C. Processing brain signals to identify intent D. Replacing the user’s decision-making process. 42. Which step in the illustration helps users adapt and confirm their intended action? A. ① B. ② C. ③ D. ④ C The technological singularity (技术奇点) is a theoretical scenario where technological growth becomes uncontrollable and irreversible, leading to profound and unpredictable changes to human civilization. In theory, this phenomenon is driven by the emergence of artificial intelligence (AI) that surpasses human cognitive (认知的) capabilities and can autonomously enhance itself. The theory suggests that such advancements could evolve at a pace so rapid that humans would be unable to foresee or stop the process. The implications of reaching this singularity point could be good or disastrous for the human race. For now,the concept stays within the boundaries of science fiction, but nonetheless, it’s still worth thinking about what such a future might look like,so that humanity might steer AI development in such a way as to promote its civilizational interests. The timeline for reaching the technological singularity is a subject of much debate among experts. Ray Kurzweil, one of the most vocal advocates of the singularity, has famously predicted that the singularity is near and will happen by 2045. His prediction is based on trends such as Moore’s law and the increasing rate of technological advancements in fields such as computing, Al and biotechnology. Other experts cast more doubt on the prediction or propose different timelines. Some suggest that while Al will continue to advance, the complexities and unforeseen challenges of achieving superintelligence might delay the singularity beyond this century, if it happens at all.Systems theorist Richard Coren,in his book The Evolutionary Trajectory, projects a singularity in 2140. Technological, ethical and regulatory challenges might all potentially slow the pace of AI development. Moreover, figures such as Roman Yampolskiy point out that predicting the exact timeline is extremely difficult due to the exceptional nature of the singularity itself. The developments leading to a singularity involve many variables, including breakthroughs in AI algorithms, hardware capabilities and socictal factors that are hard to forecast with accuracy. Eamonn Healy, a professor at St.Edward’s University, assumes the evolution, particularly in terms of technological and intellectual advancement, is proceeding at an ever-increasing pace, compressing what used to take millennia into centuries and even shorter time frames. This concept of the acceleration (加速) of technological advancements echoes the views of futurists such as Ray Kurzweil, who predict that such changes might occur around the mid-21st century. 43. The underlined word “steer” in the passage is closest in meaning to_________. A. quicken B. restrict C. direct D. predict 44. If an expert foresees the singularity in less than 30 years, who might he team up with? A. Ray Kurzweil and Richard Coren. B. Eamonn Healy and Ray Kurzweil. C Roman Yampolskiy and Eamonn Healy. D Richard Coren and Roman Yampolskiy. 45. What best describes Roman Yampolskiy’s attitude toward predicting the singularity? A. Reserved. B. Optimistic. C. Indifferent. D. Neutral. 46. Which statement best summarizes the passage? A. The singularity is a guaranteed event with clear benefits. B. The singularity’s timelinc and implications remain uncertain. C. Experts agree the singularity will occur by 2045 without delay. D. AI development is accelerated due to regulatory obstacles. Section C(8分) Directions:Read the passage carefully.Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box Each sentence can be used only once.Note that there are two more sentences than you need The Rise of Plushie(毛绒玩具)Culture It looked like a typical fish-and-chip shop. Chefs tended to frying baskets and wrapped orders in newspaper. However, this “catch of the day” was entirely inedible. The London pop-up shop by Jellycat, a famous plush toy brand, sold soft fish with plushie lemons instead of real seafood. ____47____ TikTok videos with the Plushies tag, showing different kinds of stuffed toys like cartoon characters and creative shapes, have been watched almost 8 billion times. Crazy shopping scenes in some pop-up shops are extremely mind-blowing. ____48____. According to research firm Circana, soft toys are now the second most popular toys in the UK, with sales jumping 58% since 2021.The global plush toy market was worth $11.7 billion in 2023 and is expected to grow by 8% each year until 2030. The business is so profitable that Warren Buffett bought the company behind Squishmallows in 2022, calling it a money-making “jewel”. Surprisingly, children aren’t driving this demand. ____49____. The pandemic strengthened this shift, as isolated individuals sought comfort in nostalgic items. “Plushies bring happiness in a stressful world,” says Lucy Dray, an online retailer. Social media influencers promote “healing your inner child” through collecting. ____50____. They claim that the growing obsession with soft toys reflects a reluctance to embrace adult responsibilities and a desire to withdraw into the comfort of childhood. However, this perspective overlooks the deeper emotional and psychological benefits that plushies can provide. In a fast-paced, often overwhelming world, plushies offer a connection to simpler, happier times. Rather than a sign of immaturity, the plushie craze may simply highlight a universal human need for comfort and joy, regardless of age. A. The target instead is “kidults” (aged 12+), accounting for over 25% of toy sales. B. The playful concept mirrored a global trend: the world has gone soft for soft toys. C. That is because more children turned to plush companions for emotional support. D Critics will argue that the plushie craze is a sign of an “infantilised” generation. E. High prices only enhance their appeal, making them luxury collectibles. F. Even with strict purchase limits, fans still line up for hours to get limited editions. IIL.Summary Vriting(10分) 51. Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main poin(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. Noise-Cancelling Headphones: A Double-Edged Sword for Hearing? They are prized for making the daily trip more bearable and creating a barrier against the noise of daily life. But some specialists suspect that overusing the noise-cancelling headphones which constantly blocking out background noise may have unintended consequences. Renee Almeida, an adult audiology clinical lead at Imperial College healthcare NHS trust, has seen an increase in adults coming to her clinic with hearing issues only for tests to suggest their hearing is fine. The problem is with their brain, not their ears. They might fail to locate where a sound is coming from, or struggle to follow a conversation on the train, in a bar or at a restaurant. The condition, known as auditory processing disorder, is often diagnosed in children, so the rise in adults with similar issues struck Almeida as odd. Almeida suspects prolonged headphone use, which limits the brain’s exposure to multiple sounds, might be responsible. “Normally, our brains sort thousands of sounds and prioritize important ones,” Almeida explains.” But noise-cancelling headphones deliver only one sound source — music or podcasts — depriving the brain of practice in distinguishing speech from background noise.” However, for Harvey Dillon, a professor of auditory science at the University of Manchester, Almeida’s idea is an assumption yet to be tested.” There is no research investigating the link between the use of noise-cancelling headphones and reduced auditory processing ability,” he says. He cautions that loud music can damage neurons (神经元) in the auditory system. “It may be that listening to loud music is the cause of the auditory processing problem, not the noise-cancelling feature,” he says.” If so, noise cancelling could be a good feature, as it allows one to listen to music without interference from background noise.” While theories about headphone-related harm remain unproven, experts agree on one point: understanding how modern listening habits reshape auditory processing requires urgent scientific attention. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ IV.Translation(15 分) Directions:Translate the following sentences into English,using the words given in the brackets. 52. 我们没有泡面了，你下楼的时候去买几包好吗? (grab) （汉译英） ___________________________________________________ 53. 为了避免意外受伤，他锻炼的时候始终保持适当的强度。(moderate) （汉译英） ___________________________________________________ 54. 蛇年到来，愿你如灵蛇般冷静果政，敏锐地抓住生活中的每一个宝贵机遇。(seize) （汉译英） ___________________________________________________ 55. 如果你感到孤独、迷茫，请务必翻开这本书，它会给你勇气，助你挣脱生活的樊笼，寻到内心的光芒与自由。(which) （汉译英） ___________________________________________________ V.Guided Writing(25分 ) 56. Directions:Vrite an English composirion in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 假设你是明启中学高三学生李明，你校学生会计划开设一个名为“The Voice of Our Generation”的视频号，现正向广大学生征求第一期视频的内容，如：校园生活，成长故事， 流行文化……。请你向学生会写封信给出你的意见。信件内容须包括： 1. 视频的主要内容； 2. 选择该内容的理由。 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$