Unit 12 section Ⅱ Lesson 1-【创新教程】2024-2025学年高中英语选择性必修第四册五维课堂课时作业（北师大版2019）

课时作业 UNIT 12 INNOVATION 英课时 SECTION I LESSON 1 语作业 SCIENTIFIC BREAKTHROUGHS 纠错空间 [基础性] 3.Alice recognized Tom instant I,单词拼写 she saw him. 1.After class we talked a lot and became 4.I really doubt we can finish (立刻的)friends. the work ahead of time. 2.She (捐赠)a large sum of 5. the sun,the world would be money to the college. in total darkness. 3.The two countries signed an agreement 6.I was about to give up my effort to to jointly launch (卫星) work on the puzzle a good 4.Our (持续不断的)aim is idea struck me. to help our guests enjoy the party. 7.One of the main (find)of 5.In order to achieve this goal,we will the survey was the confusion about the strengthen our cooperation and make facilities already in place. (共同的)efforts. 8.However,research has proved that people can learn to sleep more 方法总结 6.Still,the actor finds ways to keep him- (efficient). self (谦虚的). [应用性] 7.The government (提议) Ⅲ.完成句子 changes to the voting system. 1.Times change and we must 8.Far away from each other,the two (随…而变化)them. sisters (通信)every 2.We know who we can depend on in our week. lives and (求助于)them 9.His (提议)that these tickets when we need help. should be available for one month is 3.Then (想出)one quite acceptable. practical solution you can take for each 10.With online shopping increasingly of those pieces. popular,the Internet is seen as an 4.Now it is not the time to (高效的)way of reaching target (挑选出)your friends at work.. customers. 5.The children's ages Ⅱ.单句语法填空 (在5至15岁之间). 1.She still corresponds friends 6.We (捐赠)the school she met in Mexico nine years ago. fund every year. 2.Employees make regular (捐款)is given to those who do best in (donate)to charity. exams. ·51· 选择性必修第四册·(BSD) 英语兰 [综合性] Here's the good news.In a wired I 阅读理解 world with constant global communica- A tion,we're all positioned to see flashes of 纠错空间 Who is a genius?This question has genius wherever they appear.And the greatly interested humankind for centu- more we look,the more we will see that ries. social factors(因素)like gender,.race,and Let's state clearly:Einstein was a class do not determine the appearance of genius.His face is almost the internation- genius.As a writer says,future geniuses al symbol for genius.But we want to go come from those with"intelligence,crea- beyond one man and explore the nature of tivity,perseverance(w毅力)，and simple genius itself.Why is it that some people good fortune,who are able to change the are so much more intelligent or creative world.” than the rest of us?And who are they? 1.What does the author think of victors' In the sciences and arts,those standards for joining the genius club? A.They're unfair. praised as geniuses were most often white B.They're conservative. men,of European origin.Perhaps this is C.They're objective. not a surprise.It's said that history is 方法总结 D.They're strict. written by the victors,and those victors 2.What can we infer about girls from the set the standards for admission to the study in Science? genius club.When contributions were A.They think themselves smart. made by geniuses outside the club- B.They look up to great thinkers. women,or people of a different color or C.They see gender differences earlier than belief-they were unacknowledged and boys. rejected by others. D.They are likely to be influenced by A study recently published by Sci- social beliefs. ence found that as young as age six,girls 3.Why are more geniuses known to the are less likely than boys to say that mem- public? bers of their gender(性别)are“really,re A.Improved global communication. ally smart.Even worse,the study found B.Less discrimination against women. that girls act on that belief:Around age C.Acceptance of victors'concepts. six they start to avoid activities said to be D.Changes in people's social positions. for children who are "really,really 4.What is the best title for the text? 4444444444 smart."Can our planet afford to have any A.Geniuses Think Alike great thinkers become discouraged and B.Genius Takes Many Forms give up?It doesn't take a genius to know C.Genius and Intelligence the answer:absolutely not. D.Genius and Luck ·52 世课时作业 UNIT 12 INNOVATION B At the age of 15,Louis Braille in- Do you have imagination?Do you vented the system named after him that like to solve problems?Can you?If so, allows the blind to read. you could be the next great inventor."But Chelsea Lanmon received a patent 纠错空间 I'm just a kid,”you might say！!Don't when she was just 8 for the "pocket dia- worry about a little thing like age.For ex- per(尿布)”，a new type of diaper that in- ample,one famous inventor-Benjamin cludes a pocket for holding baby wipes Franklin-got his start when he was and powder. only 12. 5.By saying "But I'm just a kid",you So you don't have to be an adult to probably mean you be an inventor.One thing you do need, A.are too young to achieve anything though,is something that kids have plen- B.are old enough to become an inventor ty of:curiosity and imagination. C.can do anything though you are young So what should you do if you have a D.have to learn knowledge from other peo- great idea for an invention?Talk to a ple friend or family member about it.Get input 6.Which of the following is the right or- from others about your idea.Then ask them der of an invention? to help you create a working model- A.A patent-a prototype-a good ide- 方法总结 called a prototype-of your idea. a-an invention. Once you have a prototype,you can B.A prototype-a patent-a good ide- test it.Sometimes your innovation turns a-an invention. out to be not as great as you thought.At C.A good idea-a prototype-an inven- other times,though,you realize it is a tion-a patent. good idea and your prototype can help you D.An invention-a good idea-a pa- figure out how to make it even better. tent-a prototype. If your idea is really a good one,an 7.Who invented something that helps the adult can help you contact companies that people who are not able to see to read? might be interested in it.You will also A.Jeanie Low. want an adult's help to get a patent for B.Louis Braille. your idea,so that it is protected and can't C.Chelsea Lanmon. be stolen by someone else. D.Benjamin Franklin. If you need some inspiration,consid- 8.Which of the following can be the best er these kids and their inventions: title for this passage? Jeanie Low invented the Kiddie Stool A.Kids have curiosity and imagination when she was just 11.It's a folding stool B.Kids are exactly like adults in a way 4444444444444 that fits under the kitchen sink.Kids can C.It is possible for kids to be inventors unfold it and use it to reach the sink all by D.There are some world-famous in- themselves. ventors ·53 选择性必修第四册·(BSD) 英语当 Ⅱ.阅读填句 A.When should you wash Germs are tiny organisms that can B.If you or someone else is sick cause disease-and they're so small that C.Once they've moved into your body 纠错空间 they can creep in your system without being D.How can you protect yourself from germs noticed.To stay healthy,it helps to give E.Getting a flu vaccination yearly is some thought to germs. strongly recommended Bacteria are tiny,single-celled or- F.Some bacteria are even used to produce ganisms that are found throughout na- medicines and vaccines ture,including in the bodies of human be- ings.A certain number of bacteria are G.Most viruses can only live for a very good for our bodies-they help keep the short time outside other living cells digestive system in working order and Ⅲ.语法填空 keep harmful bacteria from moving in. What is a clone?A clone is a copy-a 1.But bacteria can cause trouble like genetic copy.Genes are the 1. viruses,too. (instruction)for life.They tell a 2.But some viruses,such as the cell what to do and how to do it.Genes make kind that causes hepatitis(肝炎)，can each plant or animal different and unique.A survive on surfaces for a week or longer clone has the same genes 2. the and still be able to cause infections. original organism. 方法总结 3,viruses spread easily and can Cloning is not new and 3. make you quite sick. (be)with us for centuries.Many The best way to prevent the infec- new plants are grown from cuttings from tions that germs cause is by protecting the 4. (origin)plants.One ben- yourself.Because most germs are spread efit of 5. (clone)is that we can through the air in sneezes or coughs. Washing your hands often is abso- make many copies of the best and healthi- lutely the best way to stop germs from est plants. getting into your body.4 After It's much 6. (dif- using the bathroom,after blowing your ficult)to clone animals than plants.In nose or coughing,after touching any pets 1997 scientists succeeded in cloning a or animals,after gardening,or before sheep.7. creation of Dolly,the and after visiting a sick relative or friend. cloned sheep,caused great attention And of course you should wash your around the world in no time.Scientists hands before eating or cooking. had tried to clone other animals like frogs Another way to fight infections from before that,but they 8. (fail). germs is to make sure you have the right Frogs died as tadpoles, never living long immunizations,especially if you are trav- 444444444 enough 9. become)adult elling to other countries.5 unless frogs. your doctor tells you otherwise. It may soon be possible to clone more With a little prevention,you can keep harmful germs out of your way! types 10. animals. 54·选择性必修第四册·(BSD) 英语到 2.B[考查动词。结合常识和空前的“The Chinese'”以 ness商业，买卖：official官页，高级职员：transporta 及下文“the gunpowder escaping from the tube could tion运输：enemy敌人。enemy ship表示“敌舰”。故 lift it into the air'”可以推断此处表示中国人发现了这 选D.] 一现象。think认为；discover发现：understand理解； l2.A[考查形容词。结合上文“Not everybody wanted decide决定。故选B。] to use rockets in battles.”可推断，这里表达的应该 3.A[考查动词。结合文章第一句“Rockets were 是“万户发明了一把飞天椅”。flying能飞的：diving probably invented by aceident about 2,000 years 潜水；surfing冲浪；swimming游泳。故选A。] ag0.”可知，第一段介绍了偶然发明火箭的想法，所以 13.B[考查名词。结合常识可知，这里指火箭被点燃 这里表达的应该是“火新的想法就诞生了”。born诞 之后，出现了大量的浓烟，就像云朵一样。pack包； 生：burst爆裂；find发现：improve改善。故选A。] cloud云，云状物：mass大量，许多；bunch来，串。故 4.C[考查形容词。结合下文“The Song Dynasty was 选B.] at war with the Mongols.”可知，这里应该是在说火箭 l4.C[考查动词。结合下文“Wan Hu and his chair 在军事上的使用。political政治的：official官方的； disappeared,and no one knew what had happened" military军事的；scientific科学的。故选C。] 可推断，这里是在说烟雾消散后的场景。fade褪色： 5.D[考查名词。结合上文提到的“The Song Dynasty complete完成；clear消散；reflect反射，反思。故 was at war with the Mongols..”和下文中的“the Song 选C.] army”可推断，这里讲述的应该是开封战役。occupa- 15.C[考查名词。结合本段叙述的万户发明飞天椅和 tion占领：attack攻击：search搜寻；battle战役。故 上文“miles into space”可推断，这里表达的应该是 选D。] “他成为世界上第一位宇航员”。scientist科学家： 6.B[考查动词。结合常识和上文“the Song army”以 researcher研究员：astronaut宇航员；explorer探险 及下文“arrows of flying fire'”可知是宋军发射了火箭。 家。故选C。] lift举起；shoot发射；explode爆炸：fly飞行。故 SECTION I 选B。] 基础性 7.A[考查动词。结合语境和上文“The tubes'”以及下 I.1.instant 2.donated 3.satellites 4.constant "to a long stick which helped keep the rocket mov- 5.joint 6.humble 7.proposed 8.correspond ing in a straight direction”可以推断，这里表达的应该 9.proposal 10.efficient 是“被固定到一根长杆上”。attac小把…固定， II.1.with 2.donations 3.the 4.whether if 把…附（在…上）：shake摇晃：wrap包襄：blow 5.Without 6.when 7.findings 8.efficiently 吹。故选A。] 应用性 8.B[考查副词。结合常识和下文“the Mongols learn- II.1.change with 2.turn to 3.figure out 4.single ed how to make rockets themselves'”可推断这里表达 out 5.range from 5 to 15 6.donate to The donation 的应该是“很快，蒙古人学会了自己制造火箭”。tus 综合性 因此：soon很快；finally最后：suddenly突然。故 I,A[语篇解读]这是一篇议论文。文章由问题“谁 选B。] 是天才？”引入，论述了世人对天才的狭隘定义，提出事 9.D[考查动词。结合常识和下文“them to Europe”可 实上“天才”有很多种形式，不要让思维限制了我们的 推断，这里表达的应该是“他们把火箭传入欧洲”。de “天才”能力。 liver递送：throw扔；pass通过：introduce使传入，引 l.A[推理判断题。极据第三段的“It's said that histo- 进。故选D。] ry is written by the victors,and those victors set the lO.A[考查名词。结合常识和下文“They were used standards for admission to the genius club.When con- for military purposes..”以及“One Italian scientist tributions were made by geniuses outside the even invented a rocket'”可推断，这里表达的应该是 club-women,or people of a different color or belief- “许多火箭实验”。experiment实验；exhibition展览： they were unacknowledged and rejected by others. performance表演：transformation转变。故选A,] 说历史是由胜利者书写的，而那些胜利者为进入天才 lL.D[考查名词。结合上文“They were used for mili- 俱乐部设定了标准。当俱乐部以外的天才人物 tary purposes,”可推断，这里表达的应该是“发明了 女性或不同肤色或信仰的人—做出贡献时，他们不 一种可以在水面上飞行并击中敌舰的火箭”。bus 会被承认并且被其他人拒绝)”可推知，作者认为那些 ·88▣ 世课时作业 参考答案 “胜利者”对进入“天才俱乐部”设置的标准是不公平 7.B[细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“At the age of15, 的，因为女性或者不同肤色或信仰的人做出的成就是 Louis Braille invented the system named after him 得不到承认的。故选A。] that allows the blind to read..”可知，路易斯·布菜叶 2.D[推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Even worse,the 发明了一种可以帮助那些看不见的人阅读的东西。 study found that girls act on that belief:Around age 故选B。] six they start to avoid activities said to be for children 8.C[主旨大意题。根据文章第二段“So you don't who are‘really,really smart..’(更糟糕的是，研究发 现女孩们是按照这个信念行事的：六岁左右，她们开 have to be an adult to be an inventor.One thing you 始避免那些据说是‘非常非常聪明’的孩子参加的活 do need,though,is something that kids have plenty 动)”可推知，女孩容易受到社会信仰的影响，认为自 of:curiosity and imagination.”并结合文章其他内容可 己在六岁左右就不适合做“聪明孩子”做的事情。故 知，本文主要讲了小孩子也可以成为发明家，并介绍 选D。] 了发明的步骤，列举了一些有发明的小孩子。所以D 3.A[细节理解题。根据最后一段的“In a wired world 选项“孩子们有可能成为发明家”最适合作为文章的 with constant global communication,we're all posi- 标题。故选C。] tioned to see flashes of genius wherever they appear. Ⅱ.[语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了 (在一个全球通信不断发展的互联网世界里，我们随 细菌的定义、存在方式及传播形式，还介绍了预防和对 时随地都能看到天才的出现)”可知，进步的全球通信 抗细菌的方法。 让更多的天才被公众所知道。故选A。] 1.F[根据前面一句可知，此处在讲细菌积极有用的一 4,B[主旨大意题。根据文章的主要内容，结合文章第 一段提出问题“Who is a genius?(谁是天才)”和最后 面：根据后一句转折引入细菌有害的一面可知，F项讲 一段的“As a writer says,future geniuses come from 述的也是细菌积极有用的一面，符合上下文语境。] those with 'intelligence,creativity,perseverance 2.G[根据后面But引出的内容可知，本句应该提到一 )and simple good fortune,who are able to change 般情况下病毒在活细胞外存活的时间较短。] the world..'(正如一位作家所说，未来的天才来自那 3.C[根据后面的viruses spread easily and can make 些具有·智慧、创造力、毅力和那些能够改变世界的简 you quite sick可知，此处应叙述病毒进入体内的 单天才。)”可知，天才不一定是那些有巨大贡献的 影响。] 人，他们也可以是某一方面比较突出的普通人。由此 4.A[根据后面连续几个after和before连接的时间状 可知，B项“天才有多种形式”可以作为本文最佳标题。 语可知，此处应为过渡句，引出下文，因此“何时洗手” 故选B。] 符合语境。] B.[语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文，主要讲了小孩子也 可以成为发明家，并介绍了发明的步聚，列举了一些有 5.E[根据后面的unless your doctor tells you other- 发明的小孩子。 wise可知，此处表示“除非医生告诉你不要这么做，否 5.A[推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Don't worry 则强烈建议每年注射流感疫苗”。] about a little thing like age.For example,one famous Ⅲ.[语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。文章讲了什么是 inventor-Benjamin Franklin-got his start when he 克隆，克隆的历史以及进展。 was only12.”可知，下文举了本杰明·富兰克林在12 l.instructions[考查名词单复数。句意：基因是生命 岁时就开始了发明事业的例子，说明年龄并不是取得 的指南。] 成就的限制因素，所以你说“但我只是个孩子”的意思 2.as[考查介词。the same,.as.,是固定搭配.] 可能是想表达自己太年轻了，不能取得任何成就。故 3.has been[考查谓语动词。根据后文的for centuries 选A。] 可知用现在完成时。] 6.C[细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Get input from 4.original[考查词性转换。修饰名词用形容词。] others about your idea.Then ask them to help you 5.cloning [考查非谓语动词。介词后用动词的-ig create a working model-called a prototype-of your idea.”,第四段中的“Once you have a prototype,you 形式。] can test it.”和第五段中的“You will also want an 6.more difficult[考查形容词的比较级。根据后文的 adult's help to get a patent for your idea'”可知，发明 than可知用比较级。] 的正确步骤是“a good idea一a prototype-an inven- 7.The[考查冠词。此处表示特指。the creation of tion-a patent'”。故选C。] Dolly多莉的诞生。] ·89 选择性必修第四册·(BSD) 英语」 8.failed[考查动词的时态。这件事发生在过去，所以 7.A[推理判断题。文中第六、七段介绍了将芯片应用 填failed,.且上文的had tried也有所提示。] 于人类时存在的潜在问题。故选A。] 9.to become[考查非谓语动词。enough后接todo,用 8.C[推理判断题。由最后两段可知，植入脑机接口芯 作状语。] 片会有风险的。故选C。] 10.of[考查介词。more types of更多种.] Ⅱ，[语篇解读]本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者 SECTIONⅢ 和其同学在马路上做志愿者帮助交警指挥交通的故事。 基础性 L.B[从文章最后“we felt happy and fulfilled”可知，作 I.1.a small Swiss 2.a large square 3.his new Japa- 者是乐意参加志愿者活动的，故用Luckily。同时，也 nese timing 4.a beautiful short new red Chinese wool- 是传递正能量的需要。] len 5.two middle-aged 6.an easy-going 2.A[从文章最后一段的“At1lo'clock in the morn 7.an 800-metre-long 8.a man-eating ig”可知，他们是一大早出发，上午11点结束。故 应用性 选A.] II.1.a beautiful wooden desk 2.less important than 3.C[因为学生们只是一些志愿者，临时参加志愿者活 动，因此老师也只是向他们介绍一些最基本的交通 that one 3.make you comfortable 4.the biggest apple 法规。] I have ever met 5.a one-armed man 4.D[同时接三个宾语：hats,fluorescent vests和red 综合性 flags,故只能用given。] I,A.[语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了一 5.A[根据下文的“sacred mission'”可知设空处应选用 种新的面部识别系统，即使人们戴着口罩也能进行 一个积极向上的表达心情的袭义词。故选A。] 识别。 6.B[最终作者一行人“到达了”指定的路口。arrive at l.A[细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The process in 符合语境。故选B。] volved adding a collection of about 6 million unmasked 7.C[将一个整体分成几个部分用“divide”。故选C。] faces and a much smaller collection of masked faces, 8.A[一开始当行人好奇地看着“我”时，“我”感到有点 the company said..”可知，该公司通过收集很多人脸图 “不好意思！尴尬”。故选A。] 像来帮助建立该系统。故选A。] 9.D[“我”深呼吸来克服害羞的心理。take a deep 2.C[细节理解题。根据第三段中的“One performs breath表示“深呼吸”，] 'single channel'recognition,which is designed to be l0.A[get the hang of表示“掌握…的窍门”为固定 used at the entrances to buildings.”可知，单通道产品 词组。门 可以被运用在建筑物的入口处。故选C。] ll.B[由空后的“warning them of the dangers of their 3.B[推理判断题。极据最后一段中的“While some careless behavior'”可知是有行人想阁红灯。故 citizens have been against using such tools,the majori- 选B,] ty have accepted the technology as an effective way to 12.C[有行人间红灯，身为志愿者的“我们”应该走上 decrease crime and catch criminals.”以及文章其他内 前去制止他们。故选C。] 容可知，作者对该系统并没有发表自己的观点，而是 l3.C[极据下文中的“we kindly offered to help them” 以客观的口吻介绍了该面部识别系统，所以作者的态 可知，当老人要过马路时，“我们”主动上前帮助。] 度是客观的。故选B。] 14.D[根据上下文的语境，“我们”这群志愿者站在十 4.D[主旨大意题。根据第一段中的“Engineers at the 字路口帮忙雏持交通，成了一道亮丽的风景线。故 company say their system is the first to be created to 选D,] effectively identify people wearing face masks..”以及 15.D[到11点钟我们的志愿工作结束，故选came to 文章其他内容可知，本文主要介绍了一种新的面部识 an end。come to life表示“苏醒过来，开始有生气”， 别系统，即使人们戴着口罩也能进行面部识别。所以 不符合题意。门] D项“一种新的用于识别戴口罩的人的识别系统”作 SECTION M 为文章的标题最佳。故选D。] 基础性 B.[语篇解读]本文介绍了马斯克脑机接口新进展。 I.1.emerged 2.coincidence 3.clue 4.incubate 5.D[推理判断题。文章的前三段中可知，马斯克脑机 5.evaluate 6.achieved 接口芯片体积小而功能大，故选D] II.1.emerging 2.of 3.to 4.incubation 6.C[细节判断题。由文中第五段可知C项正确。] 5.evaluation 6.while ·90.