Unit 11 section Ⅵ Writing Workshop-【创新教程】2024-2025学年高中英语选择性必修第四册五维课堂课时作业（北师大版2019）

x时业 UNIT 11 CONFLICT AND COMPROMISE 英课时 SECTION WI _画 语作业 WRITING WORKSHOP TO CHECK YOUR PROGRESS 纠错空间 [基础性] 6. Some boys are too crazy about playing I.单词拼写 games on the computer, which is very 1. It is (禁止)here inour (harm) to their health. school for boys to keep long hair. 7. Don't respond to any e-mails (伤害)by say- 2. He means no (request) personal information. ing what he thinks. no matter how official they look. 3.We 8. This new railway (结束)our meeting this area in many ways. It is at 9 o'clock yesterday evening. to the 4. Some food additives are regarded as people living in this area. For the (有益的)topeople's of more people, we should build health by the manufacturer. more railways.(benefit) (要 5. All the articles are [应用性] II.完成句子 求)to be related to the students' life. 6. My father has made a full 1. he never gives up. (康复) from the operation. 方法总结 (投 7. The government has 他取得如此成功的原因是他从不放弃。 2 资)heavily in public transport. the terrible disease 8. She gave will soon be controlled. (不真实的)infor- 人们希望这种可怕的疾病能迅速得到 mation to the insurance company. 控制。 9. There are no (永久 3. His father died. 性的) displays in this museum and ex- hibitions change all the time. 他父亲死了,留给他许多钱。 10. Temples and churches are all 4. Our teacher made a request that (宗教的,神圣的)buildings. II. 单句语法填空 我们的老师要求我们为考试做好充分 1. They drew different 的准备。 (conclude) from the facts. 5. If I am lucky enough to be elected,1 2. The reason he was ill will yesterday is such a bad excuse. 3. The new mayor is said 如果我有幸当选,我将尽最大努力为同 (come) into power next month. 学们和俱乐部的利益服务。 4. The cup dropped down to the ground, 6. Being able to read people helps kids (break) into pieces. from misreading a situation and jump 5. Local officials are so worried about air ing quality that they are considering a tem 能理解他人可以帮助孩子们避免错误 porary ban private cars. 判断处境并贸然得出错误的结论。 ·43. 选择性必修第四册·(BSD) 英语 [综合性] ments. Rewards, such as job promotions 画 I.阅读理解 and praise, are designed to encourage 4 people to behave and act in the interests 纠错空间 Almost every community has rules. of the whole community. Punishments. So why do we have rules, and what such as public embarrassment, fines, and makes people follow them? even imprisonment, can prevent people from Studies have suggested that the rea- acting against the community's best interests. son we don't like rule-breaking is that People need their communities to fairness is programmed into our brains. function smoothly. If there were no Scientists have found that the brain reacts rules, most people would probably still in a particular way when we feel we are behave positively, However, there would being treated unfairly. A fair situation always be a minority who would not. makes us feel comfortable and even hap- This is why a society without rules is un- py, but unfairness causes our brains to re- likely to exist. spond with negative feelings. The study 1. What does the underlined word "this" in found that this happened when subjects Paragraph 2 refer to? saw others being treated unfairly. They A. A programme in human brains. concluded that fairness is one of the basic B. A comfortable situation human needs. 方法总结 C. The response with bad feelings Arriving at a feeling of fairness D. The requirement of fairness. means considering different, often con- 2. Why do communities have rules? flicting, points of view. Regardless of the A. To punish illegal activities. disagreement, people almost always need B. To prevent disagreement. to compromise. But it can be difficult to C. To promote fairness. arrive at a compromise when there are D. To meet various demands. conflicting interests. This is why commu- 3. Which of the following is an example of nities have rules that everyone must fol- internal controls? low. A. Take exams honestly because cheating is Social controls are an important fac- shameful. tor in setting and following rules. They B. Park in the right place so as not to influence the way we behave, and can be get a parking ticket. internal(内在的)or external. Internal con C. Pay the electricity bill on time in or- trols come from within and are based on der not to get a late fee. our values and fears. Most of us don't D. Cooperate with your classmates to steal, for example, because we believe win a prize for your class. that theft is unfair and wrong. We also 4. What is the best title for this passage? don't want to disappoint our family and A. Living by the Rules friends. In other words, our internal con B. Why Do Communities Need Rules? trols keep us from behaving. External C. Reaching a Compromise controls include rewards and punish- D. How Does Fairness Function? ·4. 课时作业 UNIT 11 CONFLICT AND COMPROMISE What has happened to Emily sounds Emily Egan was born and raised in shockingly similar to that of Michelle My ers, an Arizona woman who never 念 Essex, United Kingdom and speaks no foreign language, but hearing her speak, traveled outside of America, but woke up )纠错空间 you could swear she's a Russian immi- to speak with many accents-British, grant or a tourist, because of her Eastern Irish and Australian-after experiencing European accent. But the funny thing is severe headaches. that her voice sometimes sounds French. 5. Why is Emily Egan considered a Rus Italian or even Polish, depending on how sian immigrant? tired she is. A. She resembles a Russian very much. 31-year-old Emily's life changed greatly B. She speaks Russian like a native in January, when a mysterious condition speaker. left her unable to speak for two months. C. She speaks English with a Russiar She'd had headaches for two weeks before accent. D. She can freely switch between Eng one day developing a deeper voice sudden ly. Her colleagues at a children's home lish and Russian. 6. What resulted in Emily's inability to then noticed her speech had become slow and unclear, both signs of a stroke(中 speak? A. Brain injury 风). By the time she was rushed to the hospital, Emily had lost her ability to B. A sudden stroke. C. Long term tiredness. 方法总结 speak completely, but after running some D. Serious disease. tests, doctors ruled out the stroke, in 7. The underlined word"discern" in Para- stead blaming her voice loss on some sort graph 4 most probably means" of injury to her brain. A. control B. ignore After spending three weeks in the C. transform D. recognize hospital, Emily Egan was still unable to 8. What can be inferred about Emily from speak and relied only on basic sign lan- the text? guage she'd picked up at work and a text- A. She has already returned to work. to-speech app on her phone to communi- B. Her case isn't alone in the world. cate. A doctor encouraged her to go on a C. She learned sign language after her vacation in Thailand she and her husband voice loss. had already booked, and to try and relax D. Her voice returned after three weeks' as much as possible. She did just that and treatment. a few days into the vacation, she started II.阅读填句 to speak again. Life can be hard, and when our plans "I was so thrilled when my voice don't work out, it's often easy to blame oth started coming back but now I can't even ers. 1 . And when they don't act discern the voice that comes out of my as we think they should, we feel disap mouth. It doesn't sound like me," Egan pointed. Maybe it would be easier if we said. Ever since her voice came back, stopped expecting so much from other she's taken time off work because stress people. No one is perfect, and that in- only makes her condition worse cludes you ·15· 选择性必修第四册·(BSD) 英语 E. We all go through hard times and often 短画 So you want to travel the world be- try to hide it fore you do a degree, but your parents F. Sometimes we expect too much from 纠错空间 don't think it's a good idea. Of course, friends and family it's great if other people can support you G. Don't be too disappointed if they carry in your decisions, but you can't keep eve- on doing the same things ryone happy all of the time. It's your life III. 语法填空 and you need to make the decisions to Chinese scientists have created the make yourself happy. world's first light-based quantum(量子) Stop expecting everybody to like you computer, called Jiuzhang. It's 1. Don't worry if there are people who breakthrough in the field after Google aren't very nice to you, because there are completed its quantum computer last plenty of people who are called your year. 2. (compare)with today's friends. 3. And when it comes best super computers, Jiuzhang can cal- to finding that special person and settling culate 1o0,ooo billion times faster. down, remember: there's somebody for Usually, information 3. everyone. (handle)inbinarybits(二进制位)by Stop expecting people to know what classical computers, presenting itself as you're thinking either o's or 1's. However, quantum 方法总结 You think you're good enough to be computers process data using qubits(量 in the school team, but the teacher 子位),4. is identified as o's. doesn't seem to be thinking the same 1's or everything in between. As a result thing. Maybe he just hasn't thought as the number of qubits 5. (in- about it at all. He isn't a mind reader, so crease), the computing ability of quan- tell him. 4 . He might even tum computers rises too. Another advan- choose you. tage of Jiuzhang is that it's 6. (easy) No one is happy all the time to make and maintain. Superconducting From their Facebook, updates, you'd quantum computers must be kept at ul- believe that all your friends are happy all tracold temperatures 7. (en- the time. Of course, they aren't, just like sure) their materials can conduct electric you know that your life isn't always per- _5 . Be kind to people. fect. ity without any resistance. But most parts of Jiuzhang can operate at room They might be having a bad day and your smile could cheer them up. temperature except its sensory equipment which must be kept at -269. 1 C. With A. Spend time with them and avoid the others advantages 8. B. Then at least he knows what you're think traditional com- ing puters, quantum computers have a wide range of 9. C. Don't expect people always to (application). Ji- agree uzhang can 10. with you (potential) be D. You can tell them what you're not so applied to machine learning, quantum happy about chemistry and graph theory. ·46.选择性必修第四册·(BSD) 英语马 SECTION V B.[语篇解读]本文讲述了艾米丽头痛后一度丧失语 基础性 言能力，再开口说话时地有了多种外国口音。 I.1.banned 2.harm 3.concluded 4.beneficial 5.C[考查理解具体信息的能力。根据题干中的关键 5.requested 6.recovery 7.invested 8.false 信息a Russian immigrant定位到文章第一段中的 9.permanent 10.sacred "you could swear she's a Russian immigrant or a tour- II.1.conclusions 2.why/for which 3.to come ist,because of her Eastern European accent", 4.breaking 5.on/against 6.harmful 7.requesting 选C。] 8.benefits beneficial benefit 6.A[考查理解具体信息的能力。根据题干中的关键 应用性 信息inability to speak定位到第二段中的“but after lll.1.The reason why he has had such a success is that running some tests,doctors ruled out the stroke,in- 2.It is hoped that 3.leaving him a lot of money stead blaming her voice loss on some sort of injury to 4.we (should)be well prepared for the exam 5.make her brain”,该句中的“voice loss'”和“inability to every effort to serve for the benefit of students and our speak”同义，故选A,] club 6.to false conclusions 7.D[考查理解词汇的能力。根据画线诃所在句的后 综合性 一句“这听起来不像我”，可以推断画线词意为“分辩 I,A.[语篇解读]本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讲述 出”，故选D。] 了人们生活的社区和社会都需要有规则来促进公平。 8.B[考查推断能力。根据最后一段可知亚利桑那州 如果没有规则，社会就无法正常运行。 的Michelle Myers和Emily遭遇类似，故选B.] l.C[词义猜测题。根据第二段中的“A fair situation Ⅱ.[语篇解读]这是一篇说明文。生活不易，当不如 makes us feel comfortable and even happy,but un- 愿时，人们常常会责怪他人，这也许是因为我们对他人 fairness causes our brains to respond with negative 的期望过多了。 feelings.The study found that this happened when l.F[设空处下一句“And when they don't act as we subjects saw others being treated unfairly.”可知，this think they should,we feel disappointed..(当他们没有 指代上文提到的our brains to respond with negative 按我们期望的那样做时，我们会感到失望)”中的 feelings。] “they”指代F项“Sometimes we expect too much from 2.C[推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Regardless of friends and family(有时我们对朋友和家人的期望过 the disagreement,people almost always need to com- 高)”中的“friends and family”,且后文中出现的 promise.But it can be difficult to arrive at a compro- “expecting”也与F项中的“expect”呼应。故选F。] mise when there are conflicting interests.This is why 2.C[根据第二段第一句“So you want to travel the communities have rules that everyone must follow. world before you do a degree,but your parents don't 可知，社区设立规则的目的是让人们能够达成妥协， think it's a good idea.(所以你想在拿到学位之前周游 即促进公平。] 世界，但你父母认为这不是个好主意)”及后文内容可 3.A[推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Internal controls 知，本段主要讲述当别人与你的意见不统一时应该怎 come from within and are based on our values and 么做。C项“Don't expect people always to agree with fears.”和“In other words,.our internal controls keep you(不要指望人们总是同意你的意见)”在句式和句 us from behaving.”可知，“Take exams honestly 意上都适合作为本段落小标题。故选C。] because cheating is shameful..(诫实地参加考试，因为 3.A [A"Spend time with them and avoid the others 作弊是可耻的。)”和我们的价值观相关，属于内心的 (花时间和他们在一起，避开其他人)”中的“them”和 控制.] “the others'”分别指代前一句“Don'tworry if there are 4.A[主旨大意题。根据第一段中的“Almost every people who aren't very nice to you,because there are community has rules.So why do we have rules, plenty of people who are called your friends..(如果有 后一段中的“This is why a society without rules is un- 人对你不太好，不要担心，因为有很多被称为你的朋 likely to exist.”可知，本文主要讲述了社会需要规则， 友的人)”中的“your friends”和“people who aren't 如果没有规则，社会就无法正常运行。故选A。] very nice to you”句意承接上一句。故选A.] ·86. 旦课时作业 参考答案 4.B[根据上一句“He isn't a mind reader,so tell him. 综合性 (他不会读心术，所以告诉他)”可知，只有告诉了老 I.A.[语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了一 师，他才能知道你的想法。B项“Then at least he 个带有小型爪子的鸟类仿生机器人，它不仅可以模仿鸟 knows what you're thinking(那么至少他知道你在想 类飞行，停留在各种物体表面上，还可以捕捉和携带 什么)”在句意上承接上文。故选B] 物体。 5.E[上一句“Of course,they aren't,just like you L,B[细节理解题。根据第一段末尾句“，.just like know that your life isn'talways perfect.(当然，他们 the mighty falcon()that was used as the source of 不是，就像你知道你的生活并不总是完美的一样)”中 inspiration in its development..”可知，研究人员研发 的“life isn't always perfect'”与E项“We all go through SNAG鸟类仿生机器人的灵感来自华。故选B.] hard times and often try to hide it(我们都经历过艰难 2.D[推理判断题。根据第二段末尾句“.，there'san 的时刻，常常试图掩盖它)”中的“go through hard accelerometer(加速度计)on its right foot that reports times”呼应，且句意上承接了上文。故选E。] that it's landed while triggering (a balancing Ⅲ.[语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了 process to stabilize it.”可知，SNAG的右脚安装的加 中国科学家成功构建量子计算原型机“九章”，并介绍了 速度计在它降落在物体表面时会触发一个平衡系统， 它的操作原理和优势。 从而使SNAG能够稳定地降落在物体表面。故 L.a[breakthrough为可数名词，表泛指时前面用不定 选D.] 冠词，breakthrough的读音以辅音音素开头，故用不 3.A[主旨大意题。根据第四段第一句“As for the ap- 定冠词a。门 plications of the bird-like robot...”,第二句“Another 2.Compared[句子主语Jiuzhang与compare之间为被 great application is environmental research.,.”,第三 动关系，用过去分词compared作状语。] 句“By using a robot that can act like a bird..”和第 3.is handled[根据语境可知，用一般现在时：informa- 四句“Now scientists are moving on to improving the tion与handle之间为被动关系，用一般现在时的被动 robot's situational awareness and flight control. 语态] 知，第四段主要讲述了SNAG这项发明所蕴含的巨大 4.which[此处为非限制性定语从句，先行词为data, 实用价值。故选A。] 指物，用关系代词which引导从句。] 4.A[推理判断题。根据第四段末尾句“Now scien- 5.increases[根据语境可知，此处用一般现在时，“the tists are moving on to improving the robot's situation- number of..,.”作主语时，谓语动词用单数。] al awareness and flight control,”可知，研究人员现在 6.easier[与其他计算机相比，“九章”更容易制造和雏 正务力玫善SNAG的环境感知能力和飞行控制系统。 护，用比较级easier。] 故选A.] 7.to ensure[根据语境可知，此处用不定式短语作目的 B.[语篇解读]本文介绍了中国的北斗卫星导航系统。 状语。] 北斗的服务范围只受想象限制。 8.over[advantages over意为“优于.”。] 5.D[细节理解题。由文中第二段可知D项正确。] 9.applications[不止一个用途，用可数名词复数，] 6,B[推理判断题。由文中第三段可知，北斗使日常生 l0.potentially[修饰谓语动词用副词。] 活更加客易。] UNIT 12 SECTION I 7.A[细节理解题。由第四段可知A项正确] 基础性 8.A[推理判断题。由最后一段可知北斗的服务范国 I.1.transport 2.communication 3.improve 只受想象力限制，故选A。] 4.persistent 5.convenient 6.equipment 7.invention Ⅱ.[语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文，讲述了火箭可能 8.garbage 是2000年前偶然发明的，并介绍了不同国家发明火箭 II,1.innovation 2.entertainment 3.productive 所进行的尝试。 4.gifted 5.creative 6.discovery l,C[考查名词。结合常识和上文“The Chinese had a 应用性 form of gunpowder which was put in bamboo tubes ll.1.entertained us with 2.cannot improve without and thrown into fire to make'”可以推断目的是制造爆 3.friendship turns into love 4.soon get a pay rise 炸。cuisine菜肴；decoration装饰：explosion爆炸； 5.What a pleasant journey 6.will be put into operation difference差异。故选C。] ·87·