Unit 11 section Ⅴ Lesson 3-【创新教程】2024-2025学年高中英语选择性必修第四册五维课堂（北师大版2019）

英语(BSD)·选择性必修第四册 SECTION V LESSON 3 WAR MEMORIES 课文。对照释疑 [教材原文] [汉语译文] Story A Death of a Village 故事A一个村的消亡 Do Chuc is a 48-year-old Vietnamese farmer 杜沙是48岁的越南农民，他的两个 whose two daughters and an aunt were killed by 女儿和姑妈那一天在美莱村被美国士兵 American soldiers in My Lai that day.He and his (soldier)杀害。杜沙和家人正在吃早餐， family were eating breakfast when the American 这时美军士兵进村了，命令所有村民(ci- soldiers entered the village and ordered all civilians vilian)从家里出来。他们和其他村民一 out of their homes.Together with other villagers, they were marched a few hundred metres into the 起，被带到几百米外的空地上，然后被要 village square where they were told to sit."Still we 求坐下。“这我们没觉得有什么可怕 had no reason to be afraid,"Chuc remembered. 的。”杜沙回忆道，“大家都很平静，我们 "Everyone was calm.We'd seen it all before."Then 之前也见过这样的场面。”但他惊讶地发 he watched in surprise as the soldiers set up a ma- 现士兵们竟架起了机枪(machine gun)。 chine gun.The calm ended and panic set in.The 平静结束了，恐慌(panic)开始了。人们 people began weeping and praying.One man showed 开始哭泣(weep)、祈求(pray)。一名男 his identification papers to a soldier,but the Amer- 子向士兵出示了他的身份证件(identifi- ican simply said,"Sorry."Then the shooting star- cation),但那个美国人只是简单地说了 ted.Chuc was wounded in the leg and almost un- 声“对不起”。然后，扫射开始了。杜沙 conscious,but he was covered by a pile of dead 的腿受了伤，几乎不省人事，但他被一堆 bodies and thus,his life was saved.After waiting (pile)死尸覆盖，幸存下来。等了一个小 an hour,he fled the village. 时后，他逃离(flee)了村子。 (Adapted from My Lai 4 by Seymour Hersh) (改编自西摩·赫什的《美莱村四小时》) Story B No More Fighting We were on the frontier and on Christmas 故事B不再有战斗 morning we stuck up a board displaying "A Merry 那时我们在前线(frontier国界，边 Christmas"on it.The enemy had stuck up a simi- 境)。圣诞节早晨我们竖起一块牌子，上 lar one.Two of our men then threw their equip- 面写着(display展示，陈列)“圣诞快乐”。 ment off and climbed out of the trench with their 敌人也竖起了一块差不多的牌子。然 hands above their heads as our representatives. 后，我们的两名士兵脱下装备，爬出战壕 Two of the Germans did the same.They greeted (trench),双手举过头顶，作为我方代表 each other and shook hands.Then we all got out of (representative)。两名德军士兵也这样 the trench.Bill (our officer)tried to prevent it but 做了。他们互相打招呼(greet)并握手， it was too late,so he and the other officers climbed 然后我们所有人都走出战壕。比尔（我 out,too.We,and the Germans,walked through 们的军官)试图阻止这一切，但为时已 the mud and met in the middle of no-man's land. 晚，因此他和其他军官也都爬了出来。 We spent all day with one another.Some of 我们和德国人穿过泥泞(mud),在无人 them could speak English.By the look of them, 地带中间相聚。 their trenches were in as bad a state as our own. One of their men.speaking in English,said that he 我们一起待了一整天。他们中有些 had worked in England for some years and that he 人会说英语。从样子上可以看出，他们 was fed up to the neck with this war and would be 的战壕和我们的一样糟糕。他们中的一 glad when it was over.We told him he wasn't the 个人用英语说，他在英国工作过几年，受 only one who was fed up with it.The German of- 够了这场战争，如果战争结束，他会很高 ficer asked Bill if we would like some beer and they 兴。我们告诉他，我们也同样受够了这 ·58· UNIT 11 CONFLICT AND COMPROMISE brought them over to us.Bill distributed the beer 场战争。德国军官问比尔要不要来点儿 among us and we consumed a lot.The officers came 啤酒，他们拿过来送给我们。比尔把啤 to an understanding that we would celebrate 酒分给(distribute)大家，我们喝了很多。 Christmas in temporary peace until midnight. 双方军官达成共识，午夜(midnight)之前 Just before midnight,we all decided not to 我们将暂时(temporary)和平地庆祝圣 start firing before they did.We'd formed a bond 诞节。 and during the whole of Boxing Day,we never 临近午夜，我们都决定在对方开枪 fired a shot and they the same;each side seemed to 之前不先开枪。我们达成了一种默契， be waiting for the other to set the ball rolling.One 整个节礼日，我们都没有开过一枪，他们 of their men shouted across in English and asked 也一样；双方似乎都在等对方先开火。 how we had enjoyed the beer.We replied that we 他们中的一个人用英语大喊，问我们啤 were very grateful and spent the whole day chatting with them.That evening we were replaced by other 酒怎么样，我们回答说非常感谢他们的 soldiers. 啤酒，接下来一整天双方都在聊天。那 (Adapted from Old Soldiers Never Die by Frank 天晚上，我们被其他部队替换下来了。 Richards) (改编自弗兰克·理查兹的《老兵永 Story C Brave Patient 生》) I got a phone call from the chief nurse,say- 故事C勇敢的病人 ing,"You've got a patient there who is going to get 我接到护士长的电话，她说：“你那 an award.Make sure that the ward looks good." 儿有个病人要得奖了，务必确保病房 This really turned me off to begin with,"Let's (ward)千净整洁。”这一开始就让我很反 clean up the ward because we've got VIPs coming 感，“我们打扫病房吧，因为有贵宾要 in."Well,the VIPs happened to be a general and a 来。”嗯，贵宾是一名将军（general)和十 group of about a dozen people.It was this patient's 几(dozen一打)号人的随从。这是这位 second visit to us and this time he'd had both his 病人第二次来到我们这里，而这次他的 legs blown off-he was all-of-about 20 years old. 双腿都被炸没了——他也就才二十几 When he was waking up after the surgeon had fin- 岁。做完手术(surgeon外科医生)后他 ished,he whispered,"Don't you remember me, 苏醒过来，小声说：“你不记得我了吗，女 ma'am?”I said,“Oh yeah!”But really I didn'tbe 士？”我说：“哦，当然记得你！”但其实我 cause there were so many of them.The general was 对他没有印象，因为这里的伤员太多了。 coming to give him the award because he happened 将军是来给他颁奖的，因为他正好是这 to be number 20,000 to come through this hospi- tal.They had this little ceremony,where they pres- 家医院的第两万个病人。他们举行了一 ented him with a Purple Heart and a watch.As the 个小小的仪式(ceremony),给他须发一 general handed him the watch,"from the army,to 枚紫心勋章和一块手表。将军把那块 show our appreciation,"the kid more or less threw “来自军队，象征我们的感谢(apprecia the watch back at him.He said something like,"I tion)”的表递给他时，那孩子几乎是把表 can't accept this,sir;it's not going to help me 扔了回去。他说了几句话，大概意思是 walk."After this little incident,I went over and “长官，我不能要这块表，因为它不能帮 took him in my arms.If I remember correctly,I 我走路。”这件小插曲(incident事件)之 started sobbing and I think he was crying,too.I 后，我走过去把他搂在怀里。如果我没 really admired him for that.That was the only time 记错的话，我哭了，我记得他应该也哭 I let somebody see what I felt.It took a lot for him 了。我真的很佩服他能说出那样的话。 to do that,and it sort of said what this war was all 那也是我唯一一次流露自己真实的感 about to me. 受。他那么做是很需要勇气的，这也多 (Adapted from A Piece of My Heart by Keith 少反映了我对这场战争的看法。 Walker) (改编自凯斯·沃克的《心之彼方》) ·59 英语(BSD)·选择性必修第四册 新知。点点突破 重点词汇 5.a pile ●基础单词 堆…，一摞… n.士兵；军人 6.stick 竖起； 举起 2. n.将军，上将 7. n.国界，边境 像…一样糟糕的状态 n.国界；边界；边境地区 8.be fed up to the neck 可 vi.&vt.逃离，逃走 彻底厌倦，烦透 6 n.平民，百姓 9.come an understanding 7. t.展示，陈列 取得一致意见 8 l.问候，迎接，招呼 10.more less差不多 9. n.子夜，午夜 11.turn sb. 失去兴趣 10. um.一打 12.admire sb. 因…而软佩某人 11. 2.仪式，典礼 13.sort 有几分，稍微 12. n.事件 框架句型 ●拓展单词 1.He and his family were eating breakfast 1 n.泥，烂泥→ ad.泥泞 when the American soldiers entered the vil- 的，浑浊的 lage and ordered all civilians out of their t.分发，分配，分送 homes. n.分发，分配 他和他的家人正在吃早餐，这时美国士兵 n.经销商 进入村庄，命令所有平民离开家园。 n.感激→ was/were doing sth.when..句型 .欣赏；感激 2.It was this patient's second visit to us and .代表，代理人→ this time he'd had both his legs blown off- l.描绘：象征；代表 he was all-of-about 20 years old. 这是这位病人第二次来我们这里，这次他的 5 adj.暂时的；临时的→ 双腿都被炸掉了—一他只有20岁左右。 adj.永久的→ have sth.done句型 adu.暂时 3.Two of the man...climbed out of the 核心短语 trench with their hands above their 1.together 与…一起 heads.... 2. surprise惊讶地 我们两个士兵爬出战壕，双手举过 3.set 架起；设立 头顶…。 4.wound sb. the leg伤了某人的腿 with的复合结构 ·60· UNIT 11 CONFLICT AND COMPROMISE 课文。篇章理解 I.Scan the text and answer the following 3.Why did the soldier refuse the watch? question. A.Because he didn't like the watch. What does the text mainly tell us? B.Because he thought the watch was too The passage mainly tells us expensive. C.Because he thought the watch couldn't of different people. replace his legs. II.Read the text carefully and choose the best D.Because he thought other soldiers would answers. be better worth the watch. 1.Why was Chuc not killed by the American 4.The nurse began sobbing because soldiers? A.she admired the soldier and was moved A.Because he escaped from the village. by him B.Because he knew one of the American B.she felt sorry that she couldn't save the soldiers. soldier's legs C.Because the American soldiers didn't C.the soldier made her think of her son find him. D.Because he was covered by a pile of dead D.the war was cruel bodies after he was wounded. 5.Why was the patient awarded an award in 2.Both of the troops were fed up with the Story C? war,so A.He lost two legs. A.they gave up the war B.He fought bravely. B.they got together to celebrate Christmas C.He knew the general. C.they didn't fire a shot any more D.He was number 20,000 to come through D.they made friends with each other this hospital. 要点®层层精析 核心词汇 The next minute,the porridge boiled over 1.panic n.惊恐，惶恐，惊慌 and put out the fire.Jenna panicked. (1)in(a)panic惊慌地，在惊慌中 随后，粥煮沸并溢出，把炉火浇灭。詹娜慌 get into a panic陷入恐慌（表动作） 了手脚。 in a state of panic在恐慌中 She got into a panic when she couldn't find a moment of panic一时惊慌 her single ticket. the panic over/about... 当找不到单程票时，她慌了起来。 对…的恐慌 基础性 (2)Don't panic!别慌！ ◆[“四翼”考查] panic sb.into doing sth. 单句语法填空 使某人仓促行动 ①We (panic)at first, ◆[经典佳句] but soon calmed down. The protests became more violent and many ②The boy was a panic,crying people were panicked into leaving the country. that he'd left textbook at home. 抗议变得更加激烈，吓得许多人离开了那个 ③Don't panic this kind of test, 国家。 for you have been well prepared. ·61· 英语(BSD)·选择性必修第四册 ◆[“四翼”考查]一应用性 3A few newspapers and magazines 完成句子 (pile)on a table. ④She when she DIt was a woman,pushing an old shop- thought she'd forgotten the tickets. ping trolley which was piled 她想起忘记带入场券，顿时惊慌起来。 bags. ⑤I have to admit that 5 While you're cleaning up the garage, when I saw this message in the please dispose of those (pile) first. of old newspapers. 我不得不承认当我最初看到这些信息时 ◆[“四翼”考查]一应用性 我感到恐慌。 完成句子 6Tom panicked at the sound of explosion 6Anyone who wants to teach has to take and his wife also (很多)education courses. 汤姆听到爆炸声惊慌失措，他的妻子也惊 DOne car made a sudden stop and the two 慌失措。 cars behind it (相撞). 2.pile n.堆，摞vi.&vt.堆积；积累 8They were amazed to find their car (1)a pile of一堆：很多 (堆满了)various piles of成堆的；一大团；一大批 vegetables. (2)pile up堆积；积聚，积累；相撞 3.display vt.展示，陈列；表露；显示n.陈列； pile with用…堆满 展览；表演；表露；流露 ◆[经典佳句] (1)display sth.tosb.向某人展示某物 I've a pile of work to knock off before I can (2)on display (on show on exhibition) take my holiday. 陈列，展出 在我去度假之前，还有一大堆工作得做完。 Children enjoy kicking piles of dead leaves ◆[经典佳句] around. The exhibition gives local artists an oppor- 孩子们喜欢把一堆堆的落叶踢得到处都是。 tunity to display their works. Snow continues to pile up deeper and dee- 这次展览为当地艺术家提供了展示自己作 per year after year. 品的机会。 雪年复一年堆积得越来越厚。 You should display all the favourable poli- A bus and three cars piled up on the main cies to your potential customers. road this morning. 你应该把所有优惠政策展示给你的潜在 一辆公共汽车和三辆小汽车今天上午在主 客户。 干道上相撞。 I have rarely seen her display any sign of He piled his plate with as much food as he emotion. could. 我难得见到她喜怒形于色。 他把食物猛往自己盘子里堆。 Designs for the new sports hall are on dis- ◆[“四翼”考查]一基础性 play in the library. 单句语法填空 新体育馆的设计图展示在图书馆里。 DCollect the books and put them in ◆[“四翼”考查]一基础性 pile on my desk. 单句语法填空 2He found that piles of silks,piles of sil- DOften,only a small part of a museum's ver and gold piled to the roof. collection is display. ·62· UNIT 11 CONFLICT AND COMPROMISE 2A pair of homemade cotton shoes 3When he arrived in Hefei that week,he (display)in glass cases. (greet)as an hono- 3 The professor was displaying his new ured guest. model the class when the bell ◆[“四翼”考查]—应用性 rang. 完成句子 ④When a computer (display)in- DAri stopped at their table to formation,it shows it on a screen. (互致问候). ◆[“四翼”考查]—应用性 ⑤His speech 完成句子 (博得了)a storm of applause. ⑤His pictures 6We will feel happy when we (在陈列中)at the art gallery at the mo (收到问候和 ment. 祝福)· 6Doing all for your children is not necessa- 5.distribute vt..分发，分配，分送 rily (一种爱 的流露) (1)distribute...among... 在…中分配…… 4.greet vt问候，迎接，招呼 distribute...to... (1)greet sb.with 把…分发/分配给…… 以…方式和某人打招呼 be distributed over分布于 be greeted with distribute...into... 受到…的对待接待 把…分成… (2)greeting n.问候；招呼 (2)distribution n.分发，分配，分送；分 send/offer.give (one's)greetings to 布：散发 向…问好 exchange/wave greetings ◆[经典佳句] 互致挥手问候 Food and clothes have been distributed smile/nod a greeting微笑/点头致意 among/to the poor. ◆[经典佳句] 食物和衣服已经分发给了穷人。 Mick greeted her with a kiss on each cheek. The butterflies are widely distributed over 米克亲吻她的双颊以表问候」 our country. We were first greeted with the barking by a 蝴蝶在我国分布广泛。 pack of dogs,seven to be exact. The teacher distributed the pupils into three 首先迎接我们的是一群狗的吠叫，确切地说 groups. 是七只。 老师把学生分成三组 I send greetings to those celebrating the Lu- ◆[“四翼”考查] 基础性 nar New Year. 单句语法填空 我向那些欢度农历新年的人们问好。 DPlease distribute these pictures ◆[“四翼”考查]一基础性 the children. 单句语法填空 ②Pines have a very wide ①They greet each other a hug (distribute). and say Happy New Year! 3The Red Cross has started ②The (greet)of all the distribute)food and blankets to guests took more than an hour. villages in the flood area. ·63· 英语(BSD)·选择性必修第四册 ◆[“四翼”考查]一应用性 ◆[“四翼”考查] 基础性 完成句子 单句语法填空 ④But its wealth ①He gave me a dozen roses for the population. my birthday. 但是它的财富却在人口中分配不公。 2He wrote a lot of novels, (doz- ⑤This kind of plant en)of which were regarded as master- throughout China. pieces. 这种植物在中国有广泛的分布。 3 Surprisingly,in that bookstore,books ⑥The couldn't agree are sold the dozen. about the of the prof- ◆[“四翼”考查] 应用性 it,because some of them wanted the 完成句子 money not to be but ④She has starred in (很 gathered. )films since she became famous. 批发商们无法就利润分配一事达成协议， 5The saleswoman packed the pencils for 因为他们中有些人希望资金不是处于分 me (按打). 散的状态而是处于集中的状态。 ⑥ (许多人) 6.dozen num.一打；十二个；十来个；许多 filled in the questionnaire. 7.appreciation n.感激 (1)a dozen(of)一打 dozens of(=lots of)几十：许多 (1)show/express appreciation to 向…表示感激 by the dozen论打；按打计算 in appreciation of感激；欣赏 two dozen eggs两打鸡蛋 (2)appreciate vt.欣赏；感谢；珍惜 (2)dozen a,a few,some,many,sev- appreciate+n.pron./doing eral及具体数字修饰时用单数，后接 重视/感激某事或做某事… 可数名词复数。 I would appreciate it if... (3)dozen,score,hundred,thousand, 假如…我将不胜感激 million,billion所修饰的名词前有 the,his,their等限定词修饰或修饰 ◆[经典佳句] 代词时，用单数且与of连用。 To show our appreciation for all your hard two dozen of the eggs两打鸡蛋 work,we'd like to give you a bonus. 为了对你的辛勤工作表示感谢，我们要给你 ◆[经典佳句] 发奖金。 He bought three dozen bottles of wine. I'd appreciate it if you take my invitation in- 他买了36瓶酒。 to consideration. There were about a dozen of them. 如果您能考虑一下我的邀请，我将万分 他们大约有十二人。 感激。 Last winter when I went there again,they This was the sort of work that made you had a big separate house to raise dozens of appreciate the dollars you earned and re- chickens. spect those who did the work,he told me. 去年冬天我再去的时候，他们有一个大的单 他告诉我，这就是那种使你珍惜自己挣的 独的房子，养了几十只鸡。 钱，并尊重做这些工作的人的工作。 Packages arrived by the dozen from Ameri- Houses in this area have all appreciated in value ca. since the new road was built..(i.增值) 成打的包裹从美国寄来。 新路建好之后，这一地区的房子都增值了。 ·64 UNIT 11 CONFLICT AND COMPROMISE ◆[“四翼”考查]一基础性 ◆[经典佳句] 单句语法填空 If anyone happens to drop in while I am ①Idon't appreciate out,have him or her leave a message. (treat)like a second-class citizen. 如果我不在时有人来访，让他/她留个口信。 ②He expressed his He had us laughing during the lunchtime. (appreciate)for what she had done. 他在午饭期间让我们笑个不停。 ③I'd appreciate if you could let I had Mary clean the classroom this morn- me know in advance whether or not you ing. 今天早上我让玛丽打扫了教室。 will come. I have nothing to offer but blood,toil,tears ◆[“四翼”考查]—应用性 and sweat. 完成句子 我所能奉献的没有其他，只有热血、辛劳、眼 ④We would us know of 泪与汗水。 any problems. ◆[误区规避]—语法填空 如有任何问题，请告诉我们，我们将十分 In the busy seasons,farmers will keep their 感激。 machines (work)for days. ⑤I would you could (可能失误)填worked.. come tomorrow. (正确表达)填working。 如果你明天能来的话，我会非常感激。 (错误分析)此处非谓语动词的填充，要依据 ◆[“四翼”考查]—创新性 与其逻辑主语(machines)关系而定。Ma 同义句改写 chines与work为主谓关系，且延续进行。 6I would be grateful to you for turning off 故填working. ◆[“四翼”考查]一基础性 the lights..(用appreciate改写) 单句语法填空 →I'd you would turn DI need a new passport so I will have to off the lights. have my photograph (take). 重点句型 OUncle Sam won't have my father and me (教材Pa)It was this patient's second visit to (return)to the farm too us and this time he'd had both his legs blown off late. -he was all-of-about 20 years old. 3It was cold,and she had the fire 这是这位病人第二次来我们这里，这次他的 (burn)day and night. 双腿都被炸掉了— 他只有20岁左右。 DWe students have various activities [句式结构]have sth,done句型结构的意 (take)part in after class. 5I am going to see my son next week.Do 思主要有：遭遇某事；让别人做某事；使某件 you have anything 事被做。 (take)to your son? ◆[规律总结] ◆[“四翼”考查]一创新性 have sth.done使某事完成：遭遇某种 句式升级 (不幸的)事情：让叫别人做某事 ⑥（普通表达）You should take the chance have sb.do sth.让某人做某事 to deepen your knowledge of traditional have sb.doing sth..允许某人做某事 Chinese culture. (常用于否定句中)：使某人一直做某事 (高级表达)You should take the chance to (多用于肯定句中)》 have sth.todo有某事要做（主语自己做） .(have十宾语+宾补) have sth.to be done C温攀提 学习至此，请完成配套训练UNIT11 SECTION 有某事要做（不是主语自己做） 65参考答案 SECTION V LESSON 3 拓展单词 新知点点突破 1. harmful harmfully 2. conclude conclusion 重点词汇 3. benefit 4. invest investment 5. recovery 基础单词 recover 6. permanent impermanent 1. soldier 2. general 3. frontier 4. border 5. flee 核心短语 6. civilian 7. display 8. greet 9. midnight 1. of 2. in 3. result to 4. in 5. to 6. to 7. at 10. dozen 11. ceremony 12. incident 8. of 9. of 拓展单词 要点层层精析 1.mud I muddy 2. distribute distribution 核心词汇 distributor 3. appreciation appreciate 4. repre- ②on 1. ①was banned ③smoking ④be banned sentative represent 5. temporary permanent from had a ban on parking temporarily 2.①harm ②harm ③a. harms children b. does 核心短语 harm to children/ does children harm c. is really 1. with 2. in 3. up 4. in 5. of 6. up 7. as bad 8. with 9. to 10. or 11. off harmful to children a state as... ③to work 3. ①desirable ②to know ④(should) 12. for 13. of be used for to get It is most desirable 课文篇章理解 ⑧ have a strong desire she( should) go and I. the different war memories II.1-5 DBCAB see him ④trying 4.①in ②investment ③with 要点层层精析 inves- invest in new technology tor 核心词汇 invest heavily 5.①from ②conclusion ③with. 1.①panicked ②in ③over about ④got into a ④a. drew a con panic I was in (a) panic got into a panic clusion from my own experiences b. concluded from 2. ①a ②up ③were piled ④with piles my own experiences piled up ⑧was piled with ③is beneficial to a pile of/piles of ②from 6. ①beneficial benefits ②is displayed ③to ④displays are 3.①on us ④for thebenefit of a display of affection 7. ①recovery ②recovers on display/show/exhibition ③has been recovered 4.①with ②greeting ③was greeted ④exchange ④from made a quick recovery from greetings was greeted with 1 receive greetings recover the money the recovery of and wishes 8.①requests ②requests students not to bring 5.①among/to ②distribution ③distributing ③makes a request that students should not ④was distributed unfairly among is widely dis- ④It is reauested that distributors tributed distribution distributed 重点句型 ②dozens ③by ④dozens of 6.①of f by the 1.①why ②because ③why that ④why dozen Dozens of people 2. ①whichever ②Whatever ③Whoever 7. ①being treated ②appreciation ③it ④Whatever you can do ④appreciate you/ your letting whoever wins the first appreciate it if place Whatever you like/No matter what appreciate it if 重点句型 you like ①taken ②returning ④to take ③burning 写作表达升格 to be taken have your knowledge of traditional 遣词造句 Chinese culture deepened I. 1. vote 2. self-control 3. be beneficial to SECTION W WRITING WORKSHOP TO II. 1.(1)it's a better way (2)hold the opinion CHECK YOUR PROGRESS (3)is beneficial to (4)wastes a lot of (5)takes up the time 新知点点突破 : (6)make time for 重点词汇 (7)what we're interested in 基础单词 2.(8) Some students are for attending after-school 1. ban 2. cigarette 3. alcohol 4.desirable classes, thinking it a better way to make up for the 5. sacred 6. loose 7. carpet 8. greed missing lessons at school so that they can improve 9. request 10.false their grades more quickly ·113·