Unit 10 section Ⅱ Lesson 1-【创新教程】2024-2025学年高中英语选择性必修第四册五维课堂（北师大版2019）

参考答案 参考答案 UNIT 10 CONNECTIONS 课文篇章理解 SECTION I TOPIC TALK I.1.C2.B3.A4.E5.D6.F7.G 新知点点突破 Ⅱ.1-5 CACBB 重点词汇 要点层层精析 基础单词 核心词汇 1.clinic 2.gallery 3.grocery 4.stadium 1.①impression②on ③by/with④a.made a 5.suburb 6.intervention 7.envy 8.friction deep impression on the students b.are deeply im- 拓展单词 pressed with his lecture c.have a deep impression 1.agreement agreeable disagree disagreement of his lecture d.impressed the students deeply with 2.encouragement 3.disturbing disturbed disturbance 4.apology his lecture 核心短语 2.①randomly②at③at random 1.to 2.of 3.out 4.on 5.for mankind 6.with ④a random sample 7.in 8.come up 9.sort out 10.with 3.①发行；发布②发泄；宣泄③放开；松手 要点层层精析 ④释放⑤to be released 核心词汇 重点句型 1.①out②down③on④around/about⑤挂出 l.(l)①It②wandering③to understand④cost ⑥闲逛 ⑤paid⑥spent⑦took⑧It will take ten 2.①conflicted with②in conflict with③John of- workers half a month to build a house. ten comes into conflict with his boss.You (2)①to change②checked③running④broken should avoid conflicting with your neighbors. 3.①disagreement②disagreements③in④with ⑤get your friend to help you⑥get the campus ⑤in complete disagreement⑤disagree with more beautiful Dtorn into pieces 4.①encouragement②to become③an④en (3)①seen②to say③tired④if⑤when couraging⑤encouraged⑥without the encour- 2.①get②will have③Once formed④Once it is agement of DHer encouragement and support heard 5.DHe apologised to the customer for making fun 3.①It was not until that②was it that you③It of her.2He made an apology to the customer for was Tom that It was this crime that It was at this making fun of her.3He said sorry to the custom- site that er for making fun of her. 6.①of②out③you your good health having SECTION I GRAMMAR good health is the envy of us 语法体悟精析 重点句型 即学活用1 ①am staying./will stay ②is helping ③has ①A new house was built②I was disturbed by the been working neighbour upstairs 3My father was taken good SECTION II LESSON 1 care of by the nurses 新知点点突破 即学活用2 重点词汇 ①all the work had been finished②five new 基础单词 schools had been set up the injured driver had 1.theory 2.chain 3.random 4.parcel 5.release been sent to the hospital 6.phrase 即学活用3 拓展单词 1.impress impression impressive ①was being decorated②was being questioned 2.monthly bimonthly ③was being repaired 核心短语 即学活用4 1.with 2.to 3.to 4.of 5.to do 6.a 7.to ①would be published②A new bridge was going to 8.on 9.to 10.than be built was to be carried out ·109·英语(BSD)·选择性必修第四册 SECTION II LESSON 1 HOW CLOSELY CONNECTED ARE WE? 课文对照释疑 [教材原文] [汉语译文] Research shows the average person only has regu 研究表明,普通人只与7至15个 lar communication with between seven and fifteen peo 人经常保持联系,而且其中大部分的 ple,and that most of our communication is in fact with 交流实际上只发生在5到10个最亲 five to ten people who are closest to us. However, per 近的人身上。不过,也许我们与世界 haps we are closer to the rest of the world than we 上其他人的联系比想象中的更紧密 “六度分隔”理论(theory)说的是地球 think."Six Degrees of Separation" refers to the theory 上任何人都可通过不超过另外五个 that any person on Earth can be connected to any other per- 人一连串(chain)与一个陌生人联系 son through a chain of no more than five other people. 起来。 The concept was first talked about as long ago as 这个概念早在20世纪20年代就 in the 192os. The Hungarian author Frigyes Karinthy 被提出。匈牙利作家弗里吉斯·考 published a book called Everything Is Dif ferent in 林蒂在1929年出版了《一切皆不同) 1929,in which he introduced the idea of friendship net 一书,书中介绍了朋友关系网的概 works and his ideas influenced many of our early im- 念,许多早期关于社交网络(net pressions of social networks. work)的构想(impression)都受到他 In the 195os, an attempt was made by two scien 思想的影响。 tists to prove the theory mathematically; but after 20世纪50年代,两位科学家试 图用数学方法证明该理论,但20年 twenty years, they still had not had any success. In 过去了,仍未成功。1967年,美国社 1967, an American sociologist called Stanley Milgram 会学家(sociologist)斯坦利·米尔格 tried using a new method to test the theory,which he 兰姆试图用新的方法来验证这一理 called the"small-world problem". He chose a random 论,他称之为“小世界问题”。米尔格 sample of people in the middle of America and asked 兰姆在美国中部随机(random)抽取 them to send packages to a stranger in the state of 一部分人作为样本,让他们给马萨诸 Massachusetts. The people sending the packages only 塞州的一位陌生人寄包裹。这些寄 knew the name,job and general location of the stran- 送包裹的人只知道这位陌生人的姓 ger. Milgram told them to send the package to a persor 名、工作和大致的位置。米尔格兰姆 they knew personally who they thought might know 告诉这些人先把包裹寄给他们认为 有可能认识目标收件人的熟人。一 the target stranger. Once the parcel had been received 旦此人收到包裹(parcel),他或她就 by this person, he/she would send the parcel onto a 会将包裹再发给认识的人,直到包裹 contact of theirs until the parcel could be personally 被送到目标收件人手中。令人惊讶 delivered to the correct person. Amazingly,it only took 的是,这些包裹只需通过5至7个人 between five and seven people to get the parcels deliv 就能送到正确的人手中。结果一经 ered,and once released, the results were published in 公布(release),便发表在双月(bi the bimonthly magazine Psychology Today. It was monthly)刊《今日心理学》上。正是 this research that inspired the phrase "Six Degrees of 这项研究启发了“六度分隔”这一说 Separation”. 法(phrase习语)。 .6· UNIT 10 CONNECTIONS In the last few decades, the theory and the phrase 在过去的几十年里,这一理论和 have appeared again. Its name was used as the title of 说法又再次出现。它被用作戏剧标 play and then a film. Then, more films and TV pro 题和电影名称。随后,更多基于这一 grammes based on the concept were made and broad- 理论的影视节目相继拍摄、播出。例 cast. For example, the Oscar-winning film Babel is 如,奥斯卡获奖影片《通天塔》就是基 based on the concept of "Six Degrees of Separation" 于“六度分隔”这一概念。影片中所 The lives of all the characters were closely connected. 有人物彼此不认识、相隔千里,但他 although they did not know each other and lived thou 们的生活都是紧密相连的。电视连 sands of miles apart. The television series Lost also ex- 续剧《迷失》也探讨了“六度分隔”的 plored the idea of "Six Degrees of Separation",as al- 理论,剧中失事飞机上几乎所有人物 most all the characters had randomly met each other, 此前都曾偶遇,或曾遇见其他人物认 or had met someone the other characters knew, before 识的人。上世纪90年代中期,美国 they were all in the same plane crash. In the mid 两名大学生发明了一款游戏。这个 1990s,two college students in the United States inven 游戏的玩法是用不超过六个联结将 ted a game. The idea of the game was to link any actor 任意一个演员与著名美国演员、音乐 to Kevin Bacon, a famous American actor and musici- 家凯文·贝肯联系起来。这款游戏 an,through no more than six links. Soon the game was 很快在美国的大学里流行起来。 being played in universities across the United States. 2003年,哥伦比亚大学试图在互 In 2oo3, Columbia University tried to recreate 联网上重现米尔格兰姆的实验,被称 Milgram's experiment on the Internet. This became known 为“哥伦比亚小世界项目”。这项实 as the "Columbia Small-world Project". The experi- 验涉及24163个电子邮件链接,覆盖 ment involved 24,163 email chains with 18 target peo 了来自13个国家的18个目标人物 ple in 13 different countries. The results confirmed 实验结果证实,联络串上的连接平均 that the average number of links in the chain was six. 数量是6个。 Most recently,an experiment in 2ol1 at the Uni- 最新的是2011年米兰大学的一 versity of Milan analysed the relationship between 721 项实验,该实验分析了7.21亿社交 million social media users and found that 92 percent 媒体用户之间的关系,发现92%的用 were connected by only four stages,or five degrees of 户只需通过四个阶段(即五度分隔), separation. 就可建立联系。 So,think about it for a minute: How might you be 所以,思考一下这个问题:你与 connected to the driver of the bus you regularly take o 你经常乘坐的公交车司机或给你送 the person who delivers your parcels? 包裹的人可能存在怎样的联系? 新知点点突破 , 重点/词汇 ·拓展单词 ·基础单词 vt. 给......留下印象;使钦佩;使 敬仰→ n.学说,理论 n. 印象,感想→ 2. n.一连串,一系列;链子,链条 adj.令人赞叹的,令人钦佩的;印 3. adi.随机的,随意的 象深刻的 2.monthn.月,月份→ 4. .包裹;邮包 adj.每 月的,每月一次的→ vt.&。n.发表,发布;释放 adj.两 n.成语,习语;警句 6. 月一次的,一月两次的 .7) 英语(BSD)·选择性必修第四册 核心 短语 2. Amazingly, it only took between five and 1. communicate seven people to get the parcels delivered, and 与/和......交流,联系 once released, the results were published in 2. be close 与.....亲近 指的是.....;参考/参阅...... the bimonthly magazine Psychology To- 3. refer 一连串的 4.a chain day. 5. make an attempt sth.尝试做某事 令人惊讶的是,这些包裹只需通过5至7个 6. test theory验证一个理论 人就能送到正确的人手中。结果一经公 7. be delivered 被递送到...... 以......为依据 8. be based 布,便发表在双月刊《今日心理学》上。 9. link... .. (1)It takes sb. to do sth. 句型 把.....与.....连接/联系起来 (2)getsth.十宾语补足语句型 10. no more 仅仅;只有 架 句型 (3)省略的状语从句:连词十-ed分词 1. "Six Degrees of Separation"refers to the 3. It was this research that inspired the phrase theory that any person on earth can be con- “Six Degrees of Separation". nected to any other person .... 正是这项研究启发了“六度分隔”这一说法 “六度分隔”理论说的是地球上任何一个人 都能......与一个陌生人联系起来 强调句:Itis/was+被强调部分十that/ that引导的同位语从句。 who十剩余部分。 课文篇章理解 I. Read the text and match the main idea with II. Read the texts and finish the following exercises each paragraph 1. Who invented the theory "Six Degrees of A. Stanley Milgram tested the theory suc- Separation"? cessfully. B. Who invented the theory? A. Stanley Milgram. C. What does "Six Degrees of Separation" B. Two college students. refer to? C. Frigyes Karinthy. D. The result of Columbia University's D. Columbia University. study. 2. Which of the following is true according to E. How did the theory influence the enter the passage? tainment industry? F. The result of the Milan University's A. The result of Columbia University's study. study confirmed that the average num G. How closely connected are you? ber of links in the chain was six. Para.1 Para.2 B. The result of the Milan University's Para.3 Para.4 Para.5 Para.6 study inspired the phrase "Six Degrees Para.7 of Separation". .8. UNIT 10 CONNECTIONS C. In the 195os, more films and TV pro- 4. Who tested the theory by using a new grammes based on the concept were method and inspired the phrase "Six De made and broadcast. grees of Separation"? D. The concept “Six Degrees of Separation" was first talked about as long ago as in A. Frigyes Karinthy. the 1930s. B. Stanley Milgram. 3. What does the concept "Six Degrees of Sep C. Kevin Bacon. aration"mean? A. People can be connected by six degrees. D. Ps ychology Toda y B. People can be separated by six degrees. 5. How many methods or experiments are C. People can be connected through a chain mentioned to confirm the theory in the pas of no more than five other people. D. People can be separated through six oth sage? er people. A.3. B.4. C.5. D.6. 要点层层精析 核心 词汇 [“四翼”考查]--基础性 1. impressionn.印象,感想 单句语法填空 (1)give an impression of ①It's a wise choice to wear the traditional 给人......的印象 Chinese dress which can leave a good leave/make a... impression on sb. (impress) on the ex- 给某人留下.....的印象 change students. have a(n)... impression of ②Her words impressed themselves 对......有......的印象 my memory. be under/have the impression that... ③I'm quite sure that you will be impressed 认为/记得...... the beauty of the city. (2)impressvz.使(人)印象深刻 [“四翼”考查]--创新性 be impressed by/with 一句多译 对......印象深刻 impress sb. with sth. ④他的讲座给学生们留下了深刻的印象。 a. His lecture 使某人对某事印象深刻 impress sth. on/upon sb. 使某人铭记某事 b. The students [经典佳句] My first impression of him was favourable. c. The students 他给我的第一印象不错。 The teacher impressed the importance of d. He English on/ upon me. 老师让我铭记英语的重要性。 2.randomadi.随机的,随意的;奇怪的,不同 Actually,I have a good impression of him 寻常的n. 随意,任意 实际上,我对他印象非常好。 (1)a random sample 随机抽样 Students often have the impression that English is very difficult to learn. (2)atrandom随便地;任意地 学生常常觉得英语很难学。 (3)randomlyadv.任意地:随便地 .9. 英语(BSD)·选择性必修第四册 ·[经典佳句] [“四翼”考查]--基础性 The interviews were given to a random 写出下列句子中release的汉语意思 sample of students. ①It's reported that Tavlor Swift's new al 随机抽选出部分学生进行了采访。 bum is to be released in 2024. The librarian took a book at random fron the shelf. ②She burst into tears,releasing all her de- 图书管理员从书架上随便拿了一本书。 pressed emotions. The winning numbers are randomly select ③He refused to release her arm. ed by computer. 中奖号码是由电脑随机选取的。 ④He was released from prison yesterday. [“四翼”考查]--基础性 ①They were (random) di- [“四翼”考查]-应用性 vided into four groups and exposed to va- 完成句子 That movie is rious noise levels in the background. in ② We received several answers, and we January. random. picked one 那部电影将在1月份上映。 [“四翼”考查]--应用性 重点句型 完成句子 1.(教材P。)Amazingly, it only tookbetween ③It's better to read a few books carefully five and seven people to get the parcels deliv than to read many ered, and once released, the results were (随便地). published in the bimonthly magazine Psy- ④The survey used chology Today. 份随机抽样)of twothousand people 令人惊讶的是,这些包裹只需通过5至7个 across the Midwest. 人就能送到正确的人手中。结果一经公布, 3.releasevt.&n.发表,发布;释放 便发表在双月刊《今日心理学》上。 release from把......从......解脱出来 (1)It takes sb. to do sth. 句型 release to向.....发行 [句式结构] It takes sb. to dosth.做某事 [经典佳句] 需要某人...... Plants can absorb carbon dioxide and re- [规律总结] lease oxygen. (1)It takes(sb.) sth. to do sth 植物可以吸收二氧化碳释放氧气 (某人)花费某物做某事 Now,many films aim to release at the same (2) sb. spends some time/money on sth time around the world. 某人在某事物上花一些时间/钱 现在,许多电影都是在世界范围内同时发 sb. spends some time( in)/money 行的。 (on) doing sth. He felt relieved for his son had been re- 某人花一些时间/金钱做某事 leased from prison. (3)sb. pays some money for sth. 他感到如释重负,因为他的儿子从监狱里放 某人花一些钱买某物 了出来。 (4)sth. costs sb. some money. [辨析比较] relieve, release 某物花某人一些钱 [经典佳句] relieve 着重指减轻或暂时解除(痛苦、负 This student seems to have spent 担等) much time on this piece of writing release 指从根本上免除、解除 这名学生似乎在这篇文章上花了很多时间 .10· UNIT 10 CONNECTIONS She spent a good deal of time going over [经典佳句] your paper. You must get the work done by Friday 她花了许多时间反复研究你的论文 你必须在星期五以前把工作做完。(主 I have to pay 15o yuan for the sewing ma 语做) chine. 我得花150元买这台缝幼机。 John got his bad teeth pulled out yesterday. The repairs to the computer cost me over 约翰昨天把他的坏牙拔掉了。(别人做) 200 yuan. The barber got his finger cut while shaving 修这台电脑花了我200多元。 for his customer. [“四冀”考查]--基础性 理发师在为顾客刮胡子时把手指割伤了。 单句语法填空 If you are late again, I'll get you standing ① takes two pupils to lift up the desk. there. ②They spent the rest of the morning 如果你再迟到,我就叫你站在那儿。 (wander) in the streets. [误区规避]-语法填空 ③It took me quite a long time The woman wanted to get her novel (understand) the meaning of the (publish) but in vain. painting. (可能失误)填topublish [“四冀”考查]--应用性 选词填空:take/spend/paycost (正确表达)填published her ten ④The writing of the book (火眼金睛)novel与publish构成动宾关系, years of hard work. 故publish应为被动。故填publishec We got to the hotel, and I [“四翼”考查]-基础性 twenty yuan for the taxi. 单句语法填空 He a small fortune on impro- ①My father is really stubborn. I can't get ving his property. him It (change) his several programmers to de- velop the program. mind. [“四冀”考查]--创新性 ②Claire had her luggage 翻译句子 (check) an hour before her plane left. ⑧建一所房子需要10个工人花半个月的 ③Even if it is hot, you had better not get 时间。 the air-conditioning (run) all the time. ④My brother got his left leg (2)getsth.十宾语十宾语补足语 get/have sth. done sth. 与 [句式结构] (break) while playing football yesterday. done构成动宾关系。 [“四冀”考查]--应用性 [规律总结] 完成句子 (1)getsth.done使某事被做;请/让别人 You should 做某事;遭遇某事 (让你的朋友来帮你) (2)get sb./sth. todo sth.让某人/某物 They tried their best to 去做某事 (3)get sb./sth.doingsth. 使某人/某物 (让校园变得更美丽). 一直做或保持某动作 I found my letters (4)getsth./sb.adi.使某人或某物处于 (被撕成了碎片)after Iopened the 某种状态 drawer. ·11· 英语(BSD)·选择性必修第四册 (3)once released [“四翼”考查]--基础性 [句式结构] 状语从句的省略 单句语法填空 [规律总结] ①Once (see),it can never be for- 当时间、条件、让步、方式等状语从句的 gotten. 主语与主句主语一致(或者从句主语是 ②The resident stood up as if it),且从句谓语含有be动词时,为了简 (say)something. 练,可以将从句的主语和be动词一起 ③Though very (tire),he kept on 省略。 working. 状语从句省略后的结构模式; ④ No matter how much stress you have. 连词十现在分词/过去分词/介词短语/ stop and have a rest for a while 名词/代词/形容词/副词 possible. [经典佳句] Work hard young,or you'll re- Once opened, the museum will be very pop- gret. ular with the citizens. 2.(教材 P.)Once the parcel had been received 一旦开放,博物馆将非常受市民欢迎 by this person, he/she would send the par While at college, I began to know him, a cel onto a contact of theirs until the parcel strange but able student. could be personally delivered to the correct 我在上大学时就开始认识他,一个奇怪但有 person. 能力的学生。 一旦此人收到包裹,他/她就会将包裹发送 He wouldn't solve the problem even if ( he 到他们的联系人处,直到包裹被送到目标收 were) to take charge. 件人手中。 即使他来负责,他也解决不了这个问题 [句式结构] once引导时间状语从句,意 She looked anxious as though( she was) in 为“一......便,一旦,一经”。从句中常用一 trouble. 般现在时代替一般将来时。 她看上去很焦急,好像遇到了麻烦。 [规律总结] While (he was) a young boy, he was always ready to help others once在本句中引导时间状语从句,意 为“一旦......就......”。.如果once引导 他在孩提时代就总是乐于助人。 [名师点津] 的从句的主语与主句的主语一致,且从 主从主语一致时,从句含有be动词;为了简 句中的谓语动词含有be动词的某种形 练皆省去,剩下表语和分词。 式时,或从句为“itbe...”形式时,从 已形成固定结构的省略: 句中的“主语士be”或“itbe”可以省略。 if possible如果可能的话 [经典佳句] if necessary如果有必要的话 They made up their mind that they would if so如果是这样的话 ifnot如果不;不然 buy a new house once Larry changed jobs. 的话 他们下定决心,一旦拉里换了工作他们就买 if any如果有 if ever如果曾经(做过) 新房子。 .12· UNIT 10 CONNECTIONS Once broadcast, the TV play will be very [经典佳句] popular with young people. It was in the narrow street that he met his 一旦开播,这部电视剧将会为年轻人所 old classmate. 喜欢。 他是在这条狭窄的街道上遇见老同学的 It is biological age that determines our [“四翼”考查]-基础性 health. 单句语法填空 生物年龄决定我们的健康。 ①Once I (get) him a job,he'll be It was not until yesterday that I realized fine. what trouble he was in. ②Once you understand this rule, you 直到昨天我才意识到他有什么麻烦。 (have) no further difficulty. [误区规避]--语法填空 [“四翼”考查]-应用性 (be) five experts who will inter 完成句子 view the applicants. ③ ,a bad habit is very (可能失误)填are。 hard to get rid of.(状语从句的省略) (正确表达)填is。 一日形成,坏习惯将很难改掉。 (错误分析)谨记此规律:此类强调句中b [“四翼”考查]-创新性 只有is或was。其时态要根据谓语动词的 时态来判断。 补全句中的省略成分 [“四翼”考查]-应用性 ④Once heard,the song will never be for- 完成句子 gotten. ① he got seri- ,the song ously ill he knew the impor will never be forgotten. tance of health. 3.(教材 P.) It was this research that inspired 直到他生了重病,他才知道健康的重 要性。 the phrase "Six Degrees of Separation". ②When 正是这项研究启发了“六度分隔”这一说法 apr [句式结构] plied for your visa? 本句中Itis...that...是强调句型,此句强 你是什么时候申请的签证? [“四翼”考查]-创新性 调了主语this research. 句式转换 [规律总结] ③Tom recognised this crime at this site (1)陈述句形式:It is/was+被强调成分 recog- 十that/who+其他成分 nised this crime at this site.(强调主语) (2)一般疑问句形式:Is/wasit十被强调 → Tom 成分十that/who十其他成分? recognisedatthis site.(强调宾语) → (3)特殊疑问句形式:特殊疑问词十is/ Tom was itthat十其他成分? recognisedthis crime.(强调状语) (4)not until强调句式:It is/was notuntil c温馨提示- 学习至此,请完成配套训练 UNIT10SECTION II ...that十其他成分 .13·