Unit 10 Section Ⅱ Lesson 1-【金版新学案】2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第四册同步课堂高效讲义配套课件（北师大版）

该高中英语课件围绕“六度分隔”理论及人际关系展开，通过Pre-reading图片提问激活背景，While-reading分主旨、结构、细节梳理语篇，Post-reading难句解构与仿写搭建学习支架，帮助学生构建从语言输入到输出的完整学习链。 其亮点在于融合思维品质与语言能力培养，如通过批判性问题“为何研究人际连接”引导深度思考，结合难句分析提升语法应用能力，语基讲练与课时测评强化学习能力。教师可借助系统模块高效教学，学生能在真实语境中提升语言运用与思维水平。

UNIT 10　 CONNECTIONS 主题语境：人与社会——人际关系、社会交往、公益事业和志愿服务 Section Ⅱ　Lesson 1 内容索引 语基讲练　提能力 4 语篇研读　细梳理 1 语篇助解　释疑难 2 语基自查　固根基 3 课时测评 5 语篇研读　细梳理 返回 Step One：Pre-reading Step One：Pre-reading Look at the pictures and answer the following questions. 1．How many social media platforms do you have？ ________________________________________________________________ 2．How many contacts do you have on social media？ ________________________________________________________________ 3．How many people do you regularly communicate with？ ________________________________________________________________ There are two，respectively WeChat and QQ. Too many，but mainly some friends who can often study together. About 10 or so. Step Two：While-reading √ Ⅰ.Read for the main idea What's the main idea of the text？ A．Explain the number of people's connections. B．Analyse the causes of the“Six Degrees of Separation”． C．Describe the features of the“Six Degrees of Separation”． D．Introduce people's connections by the “Six Degrees of Separation”． Ⅱ.Match the main idea with each part Part 1(Para.1)　　 A．Development of the theory Part 2(Paras.2－6) B．Emphasis of the theory Part 3(Para.7) C．Introduction of the theory Ⅲ.Read for the structure connected recreate Columbia Small-world Project relationship regularly mathematically test Ⅳ.Read for details 1．How is the text mainly organized？ A．By giving a definition. B．By giving examples. C．By the order of time. D．By comparison. √ 2．What can we know about the “Six Degrees of Separation” theory？ A．The concept of friendship results from it. B．It was mentioned in the 1930s by Frigyes Karinthy. C．It first appeared in the book named Everything Is Different. D．It points out one person can be connected through no more than five persons. 3．How many methods are used to test the theory？ A．Three. B．Four. C．Five. D．Two. √ √ 4．What can we learn about Stanley Milgram's method？ A．Its samples are chosen randomly. B．Packages are sent between acquaintances. C．Parcels arrive at the targets very quickly. D．It enlightens the phrase“Six Degrees of Separation”． 5．What's unique about an experiment at the University of Milan？ A．It needs five stages to be connected. B．It has only recently been carried out. C．It focuses on the social media users. D．It involves the largest number of people. √ √ Ⅰ.难句解构 1．教材原句：Research shows the average person only has regular communication with between seven and fifteen people，and that most of our communication is in fact with five to ten people who are closest to us. 结构分析：本句为主从复合句。并列连词and连接两个that引导的_________，作动词shows的宾语，who引导_________，修饰先行词five to ten people。 汉语翻译：______________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ Step Three：Post-reading 宾语从句 定语从句 研究表明，普通人只与7至15个人经常保持联系，而且其中大部分的交流实际上只发生在5到10个和我们最亲近的人身上。 2．教材原句：The Hungarian author Frigyes Karinthy published a book called Everything Is Different in 1929，in which he introduced the idea of friendship networks and his ideas influenced many of our early impressions of social networks. 结构分析：本句为主从复合句。called Everything Is Different in 1929为过去分词短语作_____，修饰名词a book；in which引导__________________，修饰先行词a book。 汉语翻译：______________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 定语 非限制性定语从句 匈牙利作家弗里吉斯·考林蒂在 1929年出版了《一切皆不同》一书，书中介绍了朋友关系网的概念，许多早期关于社交网络的构想都受到了他的思想的影响。 Ⅱ.佳句仿写 1．教材佳句　“Six Degrees of Separation” refers to the theory that any person on Earth can be connected to any other person through a chain of no more than five other people. (下定义) 学后仿写　文化庆祝活动通常是指庆祝某一特定民族或地方的传统的活动。 A cultural celebration usually ________________ where the traditions of a particular people or place are celebrated. 2．教材佳句　For example，the Oscar-winning film Babel is based on the concept of “Six Degrees of Separation”. (举例) 学后仿写　露西和琳达有很多共同之处。例如，他们都喜欢潜水。 Lucy and Linda have a lot in common. ______________________________. refers to an event For example，they both like diving Ⅲ.品质升华 1．Why do you think people study how people are connected？(Critical Thinking批判性思维) ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________2．Why did Milgram and Columbia University both label their experiments “small-world”？(Creative Thinking创造性思维) ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Connections are an important part of our lives. Good interpersonal connections can relieve psychological pressure and promote mental health. But for bad interpersonal connections，it is easy to let people have psychological barriers. Because they chose a random sample of people and asked them to send packages to a stranger who only knew his name，job and general location. 返回 语篇助解　释疑难 返回 ①in fact 事实上，实际上 ②refer to参考，查阅；提到，提及；指的是 ③theory/'θɪəri/n.学说，理论 ④chain/tʃeɪn/n.一连串，一系列；链子，链条 a chain of一系列，一连串(人或事) ⑤no more than只是；仅仅；不超过 not more than不超过；至多；不比……更…… 原文呈现 名师圈点 HOW CLOSELY CONNECTED ARE WE？ Research shows the average person only has regular communication with between seven and fifteen people，and that most of our communication is in fact① with five to ten people who are closest to us. [1] However，perhaps we are closer to the rest of the world than we think.“Six Degrees of Separation”refers to② the theory③ that any person on Earth can be connected to any other person through a chain④ of no more than⑤ five other people. [1]本句为主从复合句。句中“the average person... people”为省略了引导词that的宾语从句；and后的that也引导宾语从句；who引导定语从句，修饰先行词five to ten people。 ⑥network/'netwɜːk/n.人际关系网，联络网；网络，网状系统 ⑦impression/ɪm'preʃən/n.印象，感想 impress vt.& vi.使钦佩； 给……留下深刻的好印象 impressive adj.给人印象深刻的，令人钦佩的 原文呈现 名师圈点 The concept was first talked about as long ago as the 1920s.The Hungarian author Frigyes Karinthy published a book called Everything Is Different in 1929，in which he introduced the idea of friendship networks⑥ and his ideas influenced many of our early impressions⑦ of social networks.[2] [2]本句为主从复合句。“called Everything Is Different”为动词-ed形式短语作后置定语；in which引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词a book。 ⑧in the 1950s为“in the＋年代的复数”，表示“在……世纪……年代”。 ⑨mathematically adv. 算术 地，数学上地 ⑩sociologist/ˌsəʊsi'ɒlədʒist/n.社会学家 random/'rændəm/adj.随机 的，随意的 at random随便地；任意地 randomly adv.随机地；任意地 in the middle of在……中间 原文呈现 名师圈点 In the 1950s⑧，an attempt was made by two scientists to prove the theory mathematically⑨；but after twenty years，they still had not had any success. In 1967，an American sociologist⑩ called Stanley Milgram tried using a new method to test the theory，which he called the “small-world problem”．He chose a random sample of people in the middle of America and asked them to send packages to a stranger in the state of Massachusetts.The people sending the packages location n．地点，位置；外景拍摄地 locate vt.找出……的准确位置 be located in 位于；坐落于 personally adv.就个人而言；亲自 person n．人 in person 亲自 personal adj.个人的，私人的 deliver vt.& vi.传送，递送 delivery n．递送；传达 原文呈现 名师圈点 only knew the name，job and general location of the stranger.Milgram told them to send the package to a person they knew personally who they thought might know the target stranger.Once the parcel had been received by this person，he/she would send the parcel onto a contact of theirs until the parcel could be personally delivered to the amazingly adv.令人惊讶地；惊奇地 amaze vt.使惊奇，使惊愕 amazed adj.惊奇的，惊讶的 amazing adj.令人大为惊奇的 amazement n．惊诧，惊奇 release/rɪ'liːs/vt.& n．发表，发布；释放 bimonthly/baɪ'mʌnθli/adj.两月一次的；一月两次的 原文呈现 名师圈点 correct person. Amazingly，it only took between five and seven people to get the parcels delivered，and once released [3]，the results were published in the bimonthly magazine Psychology Today. It was this research that inspired the phrase “Six Degrees of Separation”.[4] [3]句中it作形式主语，动词不定式短语“to get the parcels delivered”作真正的主语；once released为状语从句的省略形式。 [4]本句为强调句。其结构为“It is/was＋被强调部分＋that/who...”。 phrase /freɪz/n.成语，习语；警句 原文呈现 名师圈点 In the last few decades，the theory and the phrase have appeared again.Its name was used as the title of a play and then a film.Then，more films and TV programmes based on the concept were made and broadcast.For example，the Oscar-winning film Babel is based on the concept of “Six Degrees of Separation”．The lives of all the characters were closely connected，although they did not know each other and lived thousands of miles apart.The television series Lost also explored the idea of “Six Degrees of Separation”，as almost all the characters had randomly met each other，or had met someone the other characters knew，before they were all in the same plane crash.In the mid-1990s，two college students in the United States invented a game.The idea of the game was to link any actor to Kevin Bacon，a famous American actor and musician，through no more than six links.Soon the game was being played in universities across the United States. recreate vt.再创造；再现 confirm vt.& vi.证实，证明 原文呈现 名师圈点 In 2001，Columbia University tried to recreate Milgram's experiment on the Internet. This became known as the “Columbia Small-world Project”.The experiment involved 24，163 email chains with 18 target people in 13 different countries.[5]The results confirmed that the average number of links in the chain was six. [5]句中“with 18 target people in 13 different countries”为“with＋宾语＋宾语补足语”的复合结构。 analyse vt.分析(等于analyze) analysis n．分析，分析结果 原文呈现 名师圈点 Most recently，an experiment in 2011 at the University of Milan analysed the relationship between 721 million social media users and found that 92 percent were connected by only four stages，or five degrees of separation. So，think about it for a minute：How might you be connected to the driver of the bus you regularly take or the person who delivers your parcels？ 我们之间的联系有多紧密？ 研究表明，普通人只与7至15个人经常保持联系，而且其中大部分的交流实际上只发生在5到10个和我们最亲近的人身上。不过，也许我们与世界上其他人的联系比想象中的更紧密。“六度分隔”理论说的是地球上任何人都可通过不超过另外五个人的联结，与一个陌生人联系起来。 这个概念早在20世纪20年代就被提出。匈牙利作家弗里吉斯·考林蒂在1929年出版了《一切皆不同》一书，书中介绍了朋友关系网的概念，许多早期关于社交网络的构想都受到了他的思想的影响。 译文参考 20世纪50年代，两位科学家试图用数学方法证明该理论，但20年过去了，他们仍未成功。1967年，美国社会学家斯坦利·米尔格兰姆试图用新的方法来验证这一理论，他称之为“小世界问题”。他在美国中部随机挑选了一部分人作为样本，让他们给马萨诸塞州的一位陌生人寄包裹。这些寄送包裹的人只知道这位陌生人的姓名、工作和大致的位置。米尔格兰姆告诉这些人先把包裹寄给认为有可能认识目标收件人的熟人。一旦此人收到包裹，他或她就会将包裹再发给认识的人，直到该包裹被送到目标收件人手中。令人惊讶的是，只需要5至7个人就能把包裹送到。研究结果一经公布，便被发表在双月刊《今日心理学》上。正是这项研究启发了“六度分隔”这一说法。 在过去的几十年里，这一理论和说法又再次出现。它的名字被用作戏剧标题和电影名称。随后，更多基于这一理论的影视节目相继被拍摄、播出。例如，奥斯卡获奖影片《通天塔》就是基于“六度分隔”这一概念。影片中所有人物彼此不认识、相隔千里，但他们的生活都是紧密相连的。电视连续剧《迷失》也探讨了“六度分隔”的理论，剧中失事飞机上几乎所有人物此前都曾偶遇，或曾遇见其他人物认识的人。20世纪90年代中期，美国两名大学生发明了一款游戏。这款游戏的玩法是用不超过六个联结将任意一个演员与美国著名演员、音乐家凯文·贝肯联系起来。这款游戏很快在美国的大学里流行起来。 2001年，哥伦比亚大学尝试在互联网上重现米尔格兰姆的实验，该实验被称为“哥伦比亚小世界项目”。这项实验涉及24 163个电子邮件链接，覆盖了来自13个不同国家的18个目标人物。实验结果证实，联络串上的连接平均数量是6个。 最新的是2011年米兰大学的一项实验，该实验分析了7.21亿社交媒体用户之间的关系，发现92%的用户只需通过四个阶段(即五度分隔)，就可建立联系。 所以，思考一下这个问题：你与你经常乘坐的公交车司机或给你送包裹的人可能存在怎样的联系？ 返回 语基自查　固根基 返回 阅读单词——识记 1．a bicycle chain　　　　　 自行车_______ 2．a network of friends 朋友_________ 3．a memorable phrase 易记的_______ 4．a famous sociologist 著名_________ 链条 网 警句 社会学家 核心单词——练通 1．a __________ magazine 一本双月刊杂志 2．_______ a prisoner 释放囚犯 3．the_______ and practice of language teaching 语言教学理论与实践 bimonthly release theory 拓展单词——用活 1．___________ n．干涉，干预 →intervene vi.干扰；介入 2．____________ n．意见不合，分歧，争论 →disagree vi. 不同意 3．______________ n．鼓励，鼓舞；起激励作用的事物 →encourage vt.鼓励；怂恿；激励；支持 4．_____ n．羡慕，忌妒vt. 羡慕，妒忌 →envious adj.羡慕的；忌妒的 intervention disagreement encouragement envy 5．_______ vt.干扰，打扰，使中断 →disturbing adj.令人不安的，引起烦恼的 →disturbed adj.烦恼的；心神不安的 →disturbance n．干扰；骚动；妨碍 6．_________ vi.道歉，谢罪 →apology n．道歉，谢罪 7．_______ n．学说，理论 →theoretical adj. 理论上的 disturb apologise theory 8．__________ n．印象，感想 →impress vt.使钦佩；给……留下深刻的好印象 →impressive adj.令人敬佩的 9．________ adj.随机的，随意的 →randomly adv.随机地，任意地 impression random 规律方法 1．规律：动词后跟-ive变成形容词 impress vt.使钦佩；给……留下深刻的好印象＋-ive→ impressive adj.令人敬佩的 例如：creative adj.有创造力的 attractive adj.吸引人的 2．规律：动词后跟-ment变成名词 disagree vi.不同意＋-ment→disagreement n．意见不合，分歧，争论 例如：encouragement n．鼓励，鼓舞；起激励作用的事物 appointment n．预约，约定；任命　　 重点短语——再现 第一组　汉译英 1．事实上，实际上　　　 ____________ 2．闲逛；挂出 ____________ 3．与……相处融洽；……进展顺利 _________________ 4．处理；涉及 ____________ 5．代替；而不是…… ____________ 6．根据；以……为基础；建立在……基础上 ____________ in fact hang out get on well with... deal with instead of be based on 第二组　英译汉 7．come up　　　　　　 _________________________ 8．sort out _____________ 9．go over to ___________ 10．refer to _______________________________ 11．a chain of _______________________ 12．no more than ___________________ 13．the number of... ___________ 发生；升起；发芽；被提出 挑选出；分类 朝……走去 参考，查阅；提到，提及；指的是 一系列，一连串(人或事) 只是；仅仅；不超过 ……的数目 典型句式——默背 1．句型公式　状语从句的省略 教材原句　...and ____________(一经公布)，the results were published in the bimonthly magazine Psychology Today. 2．句型公式　强调句型 教材原句　____________________(正是这项研究) inspired the phrase “Six Degrees of Separation” . 3．句型公式　with复合结构 教材原句　The experiment involved 24，163 email chains ____________ __________________________(覆盖了来自13个不同国家的18个目标人物). once released It was this research that with 18 target people in 13 different countries 返回 语基讲练　提能力 返回 Ⅰ. 核心词汇练全 impression n.印象，感想 (教材原句)...and his ideas influenced many of our early impressions of social networks. ……许多早期关于社交网络的构想都受到了他的思想的影响。 (1)leave/make/create an impression on/upon... 给……留下印象 (2)impress vt. 给……留下深刻的好印象 be impressed by/at/with... 对……印象深刻 impress sth on/upon sb 使意识到(重要性或严重性等) (3)impressive adj. 令人赞叹的 归 纳 1 单句语法填空/一句多译 ①The teacher tried to impress the importance of punctuality ________ the students. ②She was impressed __________ the beautiful scenery when she visited the mountain village. ③His speech at the conference was so ___________ (impress)that it inspired many people. on/upon by/at/with impressive ④让我印象最深刻的是校园的美景和同学们的友善。(应用文写作之校园介绍) →______________________ was the beautiful scenery of the campus and the friendliness of my classmates. (主语从句；impress) →The scenery of the campus was beautiful，and my classmates were friendly，____________________________________________. (定语从句；impression) →_______________________ the beautiful scenery of the campus and the friendliness of my classmates. (be impressed by... ) What impressed me most which left/made/created a deep impression on/upon me I was deeply impressed by 归 纳 random adj.随机的，随意的 (教材原句) He chose a random sample of people in the middle of America and asked them to send packages to a stranger in the state of Massachusetts. 他在美国中部随机挑选了一部分人作为样本，让他们给马萨诸塞州的一位陌生人寄包裹。 (1)at random　　　 随便地，随意地 (2)randomly adv. 随机地，任意地　　 2 单句语法填空/一句多译 ①They throw out all of these behaviors __________(random). ②When the teacher came in，she opened her book _____ random and started reading. ③在科学实验竞赛中，学生们将被随机配对。(应用文写作之活动介绍) →For the science experiment competition，___________________________ ________. →For the science experiment competition，____________________________ ____. randomly at students will be paired up at students will randomly be paired up random 归 纳 release vt.& n.发表，发布；释放 (教材原句)Amazingly，it only took between five and seven people to get the parcels delivered，and once released，the results were published in the bimonthly magazine Psychology Today. 令人惊讶的是，只需要5至7个人就能把包裹送到。研究结果一经公布，便被发表在双月刊《今日心理学》上。 release...from...　　 从……释放/放出/放走……　　 3 单句语法填空/完成句子 ①The firefighters managed to release the trapped people ________ the burning building. ②关于这次事故，警方没有透露更多的细节。 Police __________________________ about the accident. from have released no further details Ⅱ.典型句式讲透 归 纳 句型公式：强调句型 (教材原句)It was this research that inspired the phrase “Six Degrees of Separation”． 正是这项研究启发了“六度分隔”这一说法。 (1)强调句的构成：It is/was＋被强调部分＋that/who...，当被强调的部分为主语时，句子的谓语动词与被强调的主语保持一致。 (2)强调句的一般疑问句：Is/Was it＋被强调部分＋that/who...？ (3)强调句的特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词＋is/was it＋that/who...？ (4)对“not...until...”进行强调时，应使用句型“It is/was not until...that...”。当not until...置于句首时，句子要倒装。 单句语法填空/句式升级 ①______ was it that you first realized your passion for painting？ ②It was on the farm where we first worked together _____ we met each other for the first time. ③It was the culture，rather than the language，_____ made it hard for him to adapt to the new environment. ④The sports meeting will not be held until next week. →__________________________________________________(强调句) →____________________________________________(倒装句) When that that It is not until next week that the sports meeting will be held.　 Not until next week will the sports meeting be held. 返回 课时测评 返回 维度一　根据汉语意思或首字母提示填入单词的适当的形式(每小题1分，共9分) 1．He received a mysterious ________ (包裹) in the mail and couldn't wait to open it. 2．Factories are grouped in the southern ________(郊区) of the city. 3．The government announced that the prisoners would be ________(释放). 4．In ________(理论)，this plan should work，but in practice，there may be some problems. 语境基础练 parcel suburb released theory 5．There is some ________(冲突) between the two departments due to the different work styles. 6．I made a ________(随机的)choice and picked the book on the top shelf. 7．A ______(链条) consists of metal rings connected together in a line. 8．Each of these pages has hot links to other documents throughout the n_______. 9．I have been working in a g_______ store for two years. friction random chain etwork rocery 维度二　单句语法填空(每小题1分，共8分) 1．He needs all the support and ______________(encourage) he can get. 2．Whatever I saw and heard on my trip gave me a very deep __________ (impress). 3．The council recently drew fire for its __________(intervene) in the dispute. 4．We can't focus on our homework as a result of the ________(disturb) noise. 5．We had a ____________(disagree) about the fee for the work. 6．We _________(apology) for the delay and regret any inconvenience it may have caused. 7．Her schedule conflicts _____ the meeting time，so she can't attend. 8．____ theory，these machines should last for ten years or more. encouragement impression intervention disturbing disagreement apologise with In 维度三　完成句子/句式升级(每小题4分，共12分) 1．加入我们一起成为志愿管理人员，在为社区带来好处的同时也能提升你自己的技能。(状语从句的省略) Join us as a volunteer manager to develop your own skills ______________ ___________________________. 2．他们用手托着下巴，专注地盯着窗外或上面的天花板。(with复合结构) __________________________， they occupy themselves by staring out of the window or up at the ceiling. 3．I didn't realize a small act of care can melt people's loneliness until I experienced the event. →____________________________________________________________________________________ (强调句) while bringing benefits to the communities With their chins on their hands It was not until I experienced the event that I realized a small act of care can melt people's loneliness. 维度四　教材知识迁移(每小题1分，共10分) 阅读下面新情景，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 “Six Degrees of Separation” refers to the theory that any person on Earth can 1．____________(connect) to any other person through a chain of no more 2．_____ five other people.Up to now，it has experienced some stages as follows：In 3．_____ 1950s，two scientists attempted 4．________(prove) the theory mathematically，but failed.In 1967，Stanley Milgram tried 5．______ (use) a new method to test the theory called the “small-world problem”．In 2001，Columbia University tried to recreate Milgram's experiment on the Internet 6．_______ (know) as the “Columbia Small-world be connected than the to prove using known Project”．In 2011，the University of Milan analysed the relationship between 721 million social media 7．______(user) and found that 92 percent were connected by only four stages，or five degrees of 8．__________ (separate). Above all，think about it for a minute：How might you be connected to the driver of the bus you 9．_________(regular) take or the person 10．________ delivers your parcels？ users separation regularly who Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分，共20分) A (2025·山东威海期末) I don't remember a time in my life when I didn't have Laura. Our houses were down the road from each other. From my earliest memory，I would walk the path to hers，and she would walk it to mine. If we timed it right，we'd meet somewhere in the middle. We didn't have cellphones back then，and I don't remember calling each other much on the house phones either. We'd just show up. 素能提升练 Most of my childhood memories are with Laura. We wrote secret notes and left them in trees to rediscover later and we'd name fishes at the pond. Occasionally we would disagree，and one of us would walk home，but we'd always show up again a few hours later. The beauty of childhood friendships，of course，is that we are completely ourselves in them. I didn't need to dress a certain way for Laura; she didn't need to agree on everything. If one of us was tired，we would say so. If one of us didn't feel like talking for a while，we didn't. It was all quite simple. As adults，friendships can be more complicated than they were in childhood. We have to consider how our words and behaviors affect others. If you are an over-thinker like me，an evening of socializing might end with a series of thoughts：Should I have said that？ Did I take that the wrong way？ Why didn't I say that differently？ Those thoughts，although necessary at times，can also be tiring. If I take a step back and learn from my friendship with Laura，I can remind myself that friendships are not about being perfect but about being real. There's something magical about those childhood friendships. There is something special about them that is beyond just nostalgia (怀旧). Perhaps that something is the truthfulness of it. 语篇解读　本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了作者与劳拉儿时的友谊，对比了儿时和成年后友谊的不同，强调了真实的重要性。 1．What is the key to her friendship with Laura according to the author？ A．Being themselves. B．Agreeing on everything. C．Sharing similar interests. D．Communicating regularly. √ 细节理解题。根据第三段中“The beauty of childhood friendships...was all quite simple.”可知，作者认为与劳拉友谊的关键是做自己。故选A项。 2．What does the author think of adult friendships？ A．They are long-lasting. B．They can lead to overthinking. C．They are more realistic. D．They can bring new thoughts. √ 推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可知，作者认为友谊不是追求完美，而是追求真实，由此可推知，作者在最后一段暗示真实在友谊中起着重要作用。故选B项。 3．What does the author imply in the last paragraph？ A．Childhood friendships are worth remembering. B．Being real plays an important role in friendships. C．Nostalgia adds to the magic of childhood friendships. D．Friendships are only meaningful when they are perfect. √ 推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可知，作者认为友谊不是追求完美，而是追求真实，由此可推知，作者在最后一段暗示真实在友谊中起着重要作用。故选B项。 4．What is the text mainly about？ A．What we can learn from childhood friendships. B．Friendship matters for both children and adults. C．How childhood friendships develop into adult ones. D．The differences between childhood and adult friendships. √ 主旨大意题。通读全文，并根据最后一段“If I take a step back and learn from my friendship with Laura，I can remind myself that friendships are not about being perfect but about being real.”可知，本文主要讲的是我们可以从童年友谊中学到的东西。故选A项。 B If you feel that making friends as a kid is easy，you're right. “They have a break between lessons and gym classes. They can let their guard down，” says Marisa G. Franco，a sought-after friendship & belonging expert. However，it's not the case for adults. Even though they see their colleagues every day，they still find it never easy to be friends with them. In the US，for example，a 2021 survey by the American Enterprise Institute，found that the number of adults who said they had no close friends had increased four times since 1990，going from 3 percent to 12 percent. “We've never been more disconnected，” says psychologist and author Jody Carrington. Although adults spend time together from 9：00 am to 6：00 pm and even late into the night，the fast paced work pattern dictates that communication is limited to the content of the work，and after work，they immediately go back to homes，leaving no extra energy to have unplanned interactions to develop further friendship. Research by Brigham Young University psychologist Julianne Holt-Lunstad has shown that loneliness is a major threat to longevity (长寿)，same as smoking 15 cigarettes a day or being an alcoholic. People who are lonely or socially cut off have a higher risk of having diseases like depression，dementia and cardiac death. On the another side，healthy friendships can help us a lot，doing better with stress and living more happily and longer. Plus，happiness is contagious. Harvard researchers found that when an individual becomes happy，his or her friends who live in a 1.6-kilometre radius have a 25 percent higher chance of getting a boost in happiness，too. Hence，making and deepening friendships matters more than we imagine. You might think making friends is an inherent skill that doesn't need to be taught. It's not the case. We can all get better at connection if we try. Some experts offer some tricks to make finding connection a little easier. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了成年人不容易建立联系的原因，强调了建立联系的重要性并提出建议。 5．How does the author lead in the topic of the text？ A．By listing a lot of figures. B．By drawing a conclusion. C．By making a comparison. D．By showing a conversation. √ 推理判断题。根据文章第一段内容可推知，作者通过对比的方式引出本文的话题。故选C。 6．What makes an adult difficult to be friends with others according to Paragraph 2？ A．Lack of breaks in the workplace. B．Worry about being deeply hurt. C．Unwillingness to communicate. D．Lack of unplanned interactions. √ 细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Although adults spend time together...leaving no extra energy to have unplanned interactions to develop further friendship.”可知，缺乏计划外的互动使成年人很难与他人成为朋友。故选D。 7．What does the author want to convey in Paragraph 3？ A．The necessity of staying connected. B．The approach to leading a happy life. C．The consequences of getting into bad habits. D．The relationship between happiness and habits. √ 推理判断题。根据文章第三段“Research by Brigham Young University psychologist Julianne Holt-Lunstad has shown that loneliness is a major threat to longevity (长寿)...doing better with stress and living more happily and longer.”可推知，孤独不利于身体健康，人们应该与他人保持联系，因此作者想要传达的是保持联系的必要性。故选A。 8．What does the underlined word “contagious” in Paragraph 3 mean？ A．Unrealistic. B．Influential. C．Flexible. D．Unique. √ 词义猜测题。根据画线词下文“Harvard researchers found that when an individual becomes happy，his or her friends who live in a 1.6-kilometre radius have a 25 percent higher chance of getting a boost in happiness，too.”可知，快乐是有感染力的。由此可知，contagious意为“有感染力的”，和B项“Influential (有影响力的)”意思相近。故选B。 Ⅱ.阅读七选五(每小题2.5分，共12.5分) (2025·河北沧州月考) How to Make the Lasting Friendships You Want When it comes to our physical and mental health，friendship may truly be the best medicine. Friendships are some of the most valuable relationships we can have in life. 1 . But how do you make friendships that last？ Here are some tips to help you build and maintain lasting friendships. Be Genuine Authenticity is the foundation of any strong friendship. 2 . When you are genuine，you attract people who appreciate you for who you are. This authenticity creates a deep connection that can withstand the test of time. 3 Trust is a crucial component of lasting friendships. Be someone your friends can count on. If you say you'll do something，follow through. Being reliable means being there for your friends in both good and bad times. This consistency helps build a strong bond that can endure through life's ups and downs. Communicate Openly Open and honest communication is essential for any relationship. Share your thoughts and feelings with your friends，and encourage them to do the same. Don't be afraid to have difficult conversations when necessary. 4 ． Practice Forgiveness 5 . When disagreements happen，practice forgiveness. Let go of grudges and focus on the bigger picture. Forgiveness allows you to move past issues and continue building a strong，lasting friendship. In conclusion，keeping close friends is an essential part of life that gives us meaning and fulfillment. By putting these principles into practice，you can create friendships that stand the test of time and enrich your life in countless ways. A．Be Reliable B．Spend Quality Time Together C．Be yourself and let others see the real you D．They bring joy，support，and a sense of belonging E．No friendship is perfect，and conflicts are bound to arise F．Encourage each other to pursue personal development and new experiences G．Addressing issues directly can prevent misunderstandings and strengthen your friendship 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如何建立和维持长久的友谊。 How to Make the Lasting Friendships You Want When it comes to our physical and mental health，friendship may truly be the best medicine. Friendships are some of the most valuable relationships we can have in life. _______________________________________________. But how do you make friendships that last？ Here are some tips to help you build and maintain lasting friendships. D．They bring joy，support，and a sense of belonging 根据空前的“Friendships are some of the most valuable relationships we can have in life.”可知，此处强调了友谊的重要性，结合空后的“But how do you make friendships that last？”可知，空处与下文为转折关系，由此可知，此空应是承接上文内容，进一步阐述友谊的重要性，D选项“他们带来快乐、支持和归属感”承接上文内容，其中的They指代空前的Friendships。故选D项。 Be Genuine Authenticity is the foundation of any strong friendship. _______________ _____________________________. When you are genuine，you attract people who appreciate you for who you are. This authenticity creates a deep connection that can withstand the test of time. 根据本段的主题句“Be Genuine”可知，此处强调真诚是友谊的基础，C选项“做真实的自己，让别人看到真正的你”与本段的主题“真诚”吻合，符合语境。故选C项。 C．Be yourself and let others see the real you ______________ Trust is a crucial component of lasting friendships. Be someone your friends can count on. If you say you'll do something，follow through. Being reliable means being there for your friends in both good and bad times. This consistency helps build a strong bond that can endure through life's ups and downs. 结合其他段落的主题句为祈使句可知，空处应为祈使句；根据下文的“Trust is a crucial component of lasting friendships. Be someone your friends can count on.”可知，本段讲述信任是友谊持久的关键，A选项“要可靠”为祈使句，且与本段讲述的内容吻合。故选A项。 A．Be Reliable Communicate Openly Open and honest communication is essential for any relationship. Share your thoughts and feelings with your friends，and encourage them to do the same. Don't be afraid to have difficult conversations when necessary. _____________________________________________________________________________. 根据空前的“Open and honest communication is essential for any relationship.”可知，此处强调了沟通的重要性，G选项“直接解决问题可以防止误解并加强友谊”为开放沟通的表现，与本段的主题句“Communicate Openly(坦诚沟通)”吻合，符合语境。故选G项。 G．Addressing issues directly can prevent misunderstandings and strengthen your friendship Practice Forgiveness ____________________________________________________. When disagreements happen，practice forgiveness. Let go of grudges and focus on the bigger picture. Forgiveness allows you to move past issues and continue building a strong，lasting friendship. In conclusion，keeping close friends is an essential part of life that gives us meaning and fulfillment. By putting these principles into practice，you can create friendships that stand the test of time and enrich your life in countless ways. E．No friendship is perfect，and conflicts are bound to arise 根据本段的主题句“Practice Forgiveness(学会原谅)”以及空后的“When disagreements happen，practice forgiveness.”可知，本段讲述的是如何解决友谊中的冲突，E选项“没有友谊是完美的，冲突必然会出现”引出了原谅的必要性，与下文“当分歧发生时，学会原谅。”相呼应，符合语境。故选E项。 Ⅲ.语法填空(每小题1.5分，共15分) (2025·湖南娄底阶段练习) Chinese culture has long been shaped by its deep-rooted emphasis on family values. These values form the foundation of Chinese society. Filial piety，or “xiao”，is a cornerstone of Chinese family values. 1．___________(develop) from Confucian teachings，it emphasizes the importance of respecting and caring for one's parents and elders. Children 2．_________ (teach) to honor their parents' wisdom and experience，and to provide support and care as they age. Developed are taught Education is 3．_______(high) valued in Chinese family values，viewed as a means of upward mobility and 4．________(person) growth. Parents invest significant resources into their children's education，with academic achievement serving 5．___ a symbol of family honor. The pursuit of success is deeply rooted in Chinese culture，driven by a desire to provide a better future for the family. highly personal as As China 6．_______________ (experience) rapid social and economic changes now，traditional family values are evolving. While 7．____ core values remain unchanged，their expression and application have adapted to accommodate the various 8．_________ (demand) of a modern society. But the principles of harmony，respect，and shared responsibility continue to guide family relationships，9．_______ have nurtured close-knit family units and formed a sense of belonging and support. Chinese family values remind us of the enduring importance of respect and harmony，10．____________ (emphasize) the deep impact that strong family bonds can have on individuals and society as a whole. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍的是中国家庭价值观的核心要素，如孝道与教育的重要性，及其在现代社会中的演变与发展。 is experiencing the demands which emphasizing 1．答案：Developed 2．答案：are taught 考查非谓语动词。develop与逻辑主语it之间为被动关系，所以此处使用过去分词形式，句首首字母大写。故填Developed。 考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。此处讲述的是客观事实，使用一般现在时，teach与主语Children之间为被动关系，所以使用一般现在时的被动语态，且主语为名词复数。故填are taught。 3．答案：highly 4．答案：personal 考查副词。此处修饰动词valued，应用副词形式highly“高度地”。故填highly。 考查形容词。此处修饰名词growth，应用形容词形式personal“个人的”。故填personal。 5．答案：as 6．答案：is experiencing 考查介词。固定短语serve as意为“充当，用作”。故填as。 考查动词的时态和主谓一致。根据句意以及时间状语now可知，此处使用现在进行时，表示动作正在进行，主语China为第三人称单数。故填is experiencing。 7．答案：the 8．答案：demands 考查冠词。此处表示特指，指上文提到的核心价值，应用定冠词the。故填the。 考查名词复数。此处用名词作宾语，demand“需求”为可数名词，且空前有various修饰，应用复数形式。故填demands。 9．答案：which 10．答案：emphasizing 考查定语从句。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为前面整个主句，空处在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which。故填which。 考查定语从句。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为前面整个主句，空处在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which。故填which。 返回 谢 谢 观 看 UNIT 10　 CONNECTIONS 返回 $