内容正文:
SECTIONⅤ LESSON3
[基础性]
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.Atthesightofthiscruelty,theycould
hardlycontaintheir (愤怒).
2.ReadinganiPadinbed mayincrease
(癌症)risk.
3. (道路施工)arecausingtrafG
ficjaminthecitycenter.
4.Thereareasmanyas20jobsavailable
inthiscompany,andyouarefreeto
choosewhicheveryouthink
(适合)youbest.
5. (定期的)colourTVbroadcasts
weredelayedintheUKuntil1967.
6.IthoughtitwasanotherchancetoreG
paysomeoneforafavourIdbeengiven
(十年)earlier.
7.How doyou measurethevolumeof
(气体)?
8.ManyrobotstendtogettwistedtoG
getherorget (卡住的).
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1.Youcangetagoodviewof
(variety)landscapesalongtheriverby
ship.
2.Hisfameonlygrewafterhis
(die).Hewasunabletoearnaliving
fromthepaintings.
3.Theystudiedwhetherorhowair
(polute)mightaffectthebodys
responsetostress.
4.Thissituationcanbe (easy)
changedifyoutakemyadvice.
5.Conversationsoonturnedinto
(complain)aboutstressinworkandlife.
6. (anxious),shetookthe
dressout ofthe package and tried
iton.
7.Hisdesireforwealthandpowerled
himtohis (destroy).
8.Iwasgettingmoreandmore
(annoy)andofcourse,themoreupset
Igot,thelessIwasabletoconcenG
trate.
9.Yourcelphonenumbermaybemore
importantthananyother
(person)informationintheeyesof
thieves.
10.Itsnormalforteenstowanttostay
connectedwithfriendsand
(society)circle.
[应用性]
Ⅲ.完成句子
1. inarainyfieldwith
onehundredandfiftythousandother
people?
同十五万人在雨中跳舞怎么样?
2. ,themoreexpenG
sivethecamera,thebetteritsquality.
一般 来 说,照 相 机 价 格 越 贵,质 量 就
越好.
3.Theyreturnedhome, .
他们安然无恙地回家了.
4. deathsisexpected
todoubleby2050withoutnewgovernG
mentpolicies.
如果没有新的政府政策,预计到2050
年死亡人数将翻一番.
5.Science greatadvances
inthelastfiftyyears.
在过去的50年里科学进步得很快.
56
UNIT3 CONSERVATION
Ⅳ.课文语法填空
Withso manyroadworksonthe
road,quiteoftenwe1. (stick)
intrafficjams.Thatswhyweoftengetto
ourofficetiredand2. (annoy).
Overthelasttwodecades,thenumberof
carsontheroad3. (go)upby
25% in Britain,and vehicle accidents
havealsoincreasedgreatly,4.
resultinlots ofdeaths.Besides,too
muchtrafficmeanstoo muchairpoluG
tion.
5. (keep)suchabadtendG
encyundercontrol,weoughttotakeacG
tion6. (immediate)soasto
makeadifference.Insteadof7.
(drive)ourcars,wecanwalkortakea
bikeforshortjourneys.8. addiG
tion,wecanusepublictransportorshare
ourcarswithothers.Also,wearesupG
posedtothink9. wesetout.Is
itnecessaryforustogothere? Canwe
buy10. (thing)intheshop
aroundthecorner?Inthisway,wecan
contributealottoourMotherEarth.So,
dontjustsitaroundandcomplain! Do
whicheverofthesethingsthatsuityou.
[综合性]
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
Moreand morebirdsareflyingto
settleinQinghaiLake,oneofthehighest
inlandlakesinChina,thankstotheconG
servationeffortsofthelocalgovernment.
Coveringanareaofover4,000squarekiloG
meters,QinghaiLakeisalsothecountrys
biggestsaltwaterlake.
Located in Qinghai Province of
northwestChina,thelakeisfamousfor
thetwoislandsatitsnorthwestpoint—
CormorantIslandand EggIsland.The
twoislandshaveplentyoffloatinggrass
andvariouskindsoffish,offeringrich
foodsourcestobirds.Theislandshave
becomeaparadisefordifferentkindsof
groupsof birds and have been caled
“BirdIsland”.
EachMarchandApril,wheniceand
snowcoveringtheQinghaiGTibetPlateau
(高原)starttomelt,over20kindsof
birdsflytotheBirdIslandtolayeggs.
Duringthemonths,flocksofbirdscover
thewholeskyovertheislandandbird
eggscanbefoundeverywhere.Visitors
canhearthesingingofbirdsfrom miles
away.Thesehavebecomea worldGfaG
moussymbolofthelake.
Toprotectthisparadiseforbirdsand
supportcalsforecologicalprotection,
ChinasetuptheQinghaiLakeNational
Nature Reserve atthe end of 1997.
Meanwhile,the State has pointed out
thattheBirdIslandandSpringBayof
QinghaiLakewerecentralreserves.
InspectorsandconservatorsoftenpaG
trol (巡 查 )thelake,enrichinglocal
residentsknowledgeofrelatedlawsand
spreadingknowledgeaboutanimalprotecG
tiontovisitors.Theyaremakinggreat
effortstocalonpeopletoloveandproG
tectthebirds.Atthesametime,they
havebuiltspecialfencesaroundtheisland
areatopreventwolves,foxesandother
carnivorous(食肉的)animals,aswelas
ilegal hunters from breaking up the
birdsbuilding nests,laying eggsand
breeding(繁殖).Asaresult,moreand
morebirdsarecomingtotheislandsfor
shelteringandbreeding.
66
选择性必修第一册(BSD)
1.Whyaremoreandmorebirdscoming
tothebiggestsaltwaterlakeinnorthG
westChina?
A.Itisbeingreformed.
B.Itisgettingwarmerandwarmer.
C.ThepeopletherearebecomingricG
herandricher.
D.TheenvironmentisgettingmoreagreeaG
bleforthemtolivein.
2.Whatdothebirdsfeedon?
A.Cornfromthelocalfarmers.
B.Saltwaterandplentyofgrains.
C.Floatingfishandvariouskindsof
grass.
D.GrassgrowinginthewateranddifG
ferentkindsoffish.
3.Whatcanbeinferredfromthetext?
A.Visitorscanseethebirdsfrommiles
away.
B.Over20kindsofbirdscometothe
BirdIslandsbeforeMarch.
C.The governmenthastaken many
measurestoprotectthedistrict.
D.Flocksofbirdsflyuptothewhole
skyovertheislandstolayeggs.
4.Whereisthetextmostprobablytaken
from?
A.Anewspaper. B.Adocument.
C.Astorybook. D.Asciencebook.
B
WalkthroughtheAmazonrainforest
todayandyouwilfinditsteamy,warm,
dampandthick.Butifyou had been
therearound15,000yearsago,during
thelasticeage,wouldithavebeenthe
same? Formorethan30years,scientists
havebeenarguingabouthowrainforests
mighthavereactedtothecold,drycliG
mateoftheiceages,buttilnow,noone
hasreachedasatisfyinganswer.
RainforestsliketheAmazonrainforG
estareimportantfor moppingup CO2
fromtheatmosphereandhelpingtosolve
globalwarming.Currentlythetreesinthe
Amazonrainforesttakein around 500
miliontonsofCO2 eachyear,equalto
thetotalamountofCO2givenoffinthe
UKeachyear.ButhowwiltheAmazon
rainforestreact to the future climate
change? Ifitgetsdrier,wilitsurvive
andcontinuetodrawdownCO2? ScienG
tistshopethattheywilbeabletolearnin
advancehowtherainforestwilmanagein
thefuturebyunderstandinghowrainforeG
stsreactedtoclimatechangeinthepast.
Unfortunately,colecting informaG
tionisincrediblydifficult.Tostudythe
pastclimate,scientistsneedtolookat
fossilizedpolen(花粉)keptinlakemud.
GoingbacktothelasticeagemeansdrilG
ingdownintolakesediment(沉积物),
whichrequiresspecializedequipmentand
heavy machinery.Thereare veryfew
roadsandpaths,orplacestolandheliG
coptersandaeroplanes.Riverstendtobe
theeasiestwaytoentertherainforest,
butthisstilleavesvastareasbetweenthe
riverscompletelyunsampled (未 取 样).
Sofar,onlyahandfulofcoreshavebeen
driledthatgobacktothelasticeageand
noneofthemprovideenoughinformation
toprovehowtheAmazonrainforestreacG
tedtoclimatechange.
5.HowdoscientistsstudythepastcliG
matechange?
A.BydrilingdowndeepintolandsediG
ment.
B.By analyzing fossilized polen in
lakemud.
C.Bytakingsamplesfromriversinthe
Amazonrainforest.
D.Bypredictingtheclimatechangein
thefuture.
76
UNIT3 CONSERVATION
6.Whatisneededfordrilingdowninto
lakesediment?
A.Thenarrowpath.
B.Thelightmachinery.
C.Thelatesthelicopter.
D.Thespecialequipment.
7.Whatistheauthorspurposeinwriting
thepassage?
A.TocalonpeopletoprotectrainforG
ests.
B.Toattractmorepeoplesattentionto
CO2.
C.Toinformpeopleofhowscientists
workonrainforests.
D.Towarnpeopletostayawayfrom
thedangerofrainforests.
8.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?
A.MysteryoftheRainforest
B.ChangesoftheRainforest
C.ClimatesoftheRainforest
D.TheHistoryoftheRainforest
Ⅱ.完形填空
GrowingRoots
WhenIwasgrowingup,Ihadanold
neighbornamed Dr.Gibbs.Hedidnt
looklikeanydoctorId 1 known.
WhenDr.Gibbswasnt 2 lives,he
wasplantingtrees.
Thegooddoctorhadsome 3
theoriesonplantingtrees.Hebelievedin
“Nopains,nogains”.Henever 4
hisnewtrees,which was 5
manypeople.Hethoughtthatwatering
plantsspoiled (宠坏)them,andthatif
youwantstrongtrees,youhavetomake
things 6 forthem.Hetalked
abouthow wateringtrees 7
shalowroots,andhowtreesthatwerent
wateredhadtogrowdeeprootsin 8
ofwater.Icametounderstandthathe
meantdeeprootsweretobe 9 .The
lackofwaterseemedto 10 the
treesin wayscomfortand ease never
could.
Iusedto 11 formysons
thattheirliveswilbeeasy.But 12
Ivebeenthinkingthatitstimeto
13 myprayer.Iknow mychilG
drenaregoingtomeet 14 and
Im prayingthey wil bestrong.The
prayerforcomfortisseldom met.What
weneedtodoistoprayfordeeproots,
sowhenthewindsblow,theywontbe
15 away.
1.A.even B.ever
C.never D.hardly
2.A.valuing B.making
C.enjoying D.saving
3.A.exciting B.dul
C.interesting D.terrible
4.A.watered B.raised
C.loved D.sheltered
5.A.against B.beyond
C.within D.from
6.A.harmful B.favorable
C.tough D.wonderful
7.A.madefor B.headfor
C.alowfor D.carefor
8.A.charge B.favor
C.honor D.search
9.A.treasured B.chalenged
C.respected D.liked
10.A.harm B.raise
C.benefit D.hurt
11.A.pray B.apply
C.stand D.cal
12.A.perfectly B.formaly
C.obviously D.lately
13.A.attend B.say
C.change D.keep
14.A.hardships B.worries
C.bosses D.jobs
15.A.given B.sent
C.broken D.swept
86
选择性必修第一册(BSD)
9.where [考查定语从句.设空处引导定语从句,从句
中缺 少 地 点 状 语,故 应 用 关 系 副 词 where. 故 填
where.]
10.wasdamaged [考查动词的时态和语态.设空处是
定语从句的谓语动词,根据上文时态和此处语境可知
应用一般过去时;且land与所给提示词damage之间
为被动关系,所以应用一般过去时的被动语态.故填
wasdamaged.]
SECTION Ⅴ
基础性
Ⅰ.1.anger 2.cancer 3.Roadworks 4.suits
5.Regular 6.decade 7.gas 8.stuck
Ⅱ.1.various 2.death 3.polution 4.easily
5.complaints 6.Anxiously 7.destruction
8.annoyed 9.personal 10.social
应用性
Ⅲ.1.Whataboutdancing 2.Generalyspeaking
3.safeandsound 4.Thenumberof 5.hasmade
Ⅳ.1.arestuck 2.annoyed 3.hasgone 4.which
5.Tokeep 6.immediately 7.driving 8.In
9.before 10.things
综合性
Ⅰ.[语篇解读] 本文是一篇新闻报道.越来越多的鸟
来到青海湖,当地政府的保护措施使这个地方成为鸟类
的天堂.政府向人们普及鸟类保护法,号召人们保护
鸟类.
1.D [推理判断题.根据第一段中的“Moreandmore
birdsareflyingtosettleinQinghaiLake,oneofthe
highestinlandlakesinChina,thankstotheconservaG
tioneffortsofthelocalgovernment.”和第二段中的
“ThetwoislandshaveplentyoffloatinggrassandvaG
riouskinds offish,offeringrichfood sourcesto
birds.”可知,越来越多的鸟飞到青海湖栖息一方面是
由于当地政府对环境保护所做出的努力,另一方面是
因为那里有充足的食物来源.由此可推测,那里的环
境越来越适合鸟类生存.故选 D.]
2.D [细节理解题.根据第二段中的“Thetwoislands
haveplentyoffloatinggrassandvariouskindsoffish,
offeringrichfoodsourcestobirds.”可知,两个岛上有
丰富的水草与各种鱼类,为鸟类提供了丰富的食物.
故选 D.]
3.C [推理判断题.根据第一段中的“thankstothe
conservationeffortsofthelocalgovernment”和第四、
五段的内容可推测,政府已经采取了很多措施保护这
片区域.故选C.]
4.A [推理判断题.通读全文可知,本文主要讲的是由
于当地政府对环境的保护,越来越多的鸟来到青海
湖.由此可推测,这篇文章很有可能出现在报纸上,
是一篇新闻报道.故选 A.]
[语篇解读] 本文是一篇说明文,主要介绍了科学家为
研究亚马孙雨林将如何应对将来的气候变化而对过去
的雨林是如何度过冰河时期的进行了研究调查.
5.B [细节理解题,根据第三段中的“Tostudythepast
climate,scientistsneedtolookatfossilizedpolenkept
inlakemud.”可知,要研究过去的气候,科学家需要分
析保存在湖泥中的花粉化石.故选B.]
6.D [细节理解题.根据第三段中的“Goingbackto
thelasticeagemeansdrilingdownintolakesediG
ment,whichrequiresspecializedequipmentandheavy
machinery.”可知,向下钻取湖泊中的沉积物需要专门
的设备和重型机械.故选 D.]
7.C [推理判断题.这是一篇科普类文章,写作目的通
常是提供信息.通读全文可知,文章主要讲了科学家
们是如何研究雨林的.故选C.]
8.A [主旨大意题.根据第一段可知,科学家们对于雨
林怎样应对气候变化一直没有满意的答案;第二、三
段讲述的是科学家进行该研究的价值和具体实践及
遇到的困难,所有这些都是为了研究亚马孙雨林是如
何度过冰河时期的,所以 A项“雨林的神秘”可作为文
章的最佳标题.B、C、D 项都只是文章提到的部分信
息.故选 A.]
Ⅱ.[语篇解读] 本文是一篇记叙文.文章通过对吉布
斯医生植树之道的描写,告诉了我们一个做人的道理:
要想面 对 人 生 的 风 风 雨 雨,我 们 必 须 有 一 个 坚 强 的
基础.
1.B [句意:他看起来不像我认识的任何医生.A.even
甚至;B.ever曾经;C.never从来没有;D.hardly几乎
不.结合句意可知,是和我曾经认识的所有医生作比
较后,得出他与任何医生不一样.选项 B符合题意.
故选B项.]
2.D [句意:当吉布斯医生不是在救死扶伤时,他就是
在种树.A.valuing重 视,珍 视;B.making制 作;C.
enjoying享受;D.saving救助.根据上文内容可知,吉
布斯是一名医生,所以救死扶伤是他的工作.选项 D
符合题意.故选 D项.]
3.C [句意:这位好医生对植树有一些有趣的理论.
A.exciting令人兴奋的;B.dul 无聊的;C.interesting
有趣的;D.terrible可 怕 的.结 合 下 文 “Hethought
thatwateringplantsspoiled(宠坏)them”可知,他认
为给树浇水会宠坏树,所以,这些理论是有趣的.选
项C符合题意.故选C项.]
4.A [句意:他从来不给他的新树浇水,这是很多人都
无法 想 象 的.A.watered 浇 灌;B.raised 养 育;C.
loved爱;D.sheltered 保 护,掩 蔽.结 合 下 句 “He
thoughtthatwateringplantsspoiled(宠坏)them”可
推知,他种树时从来不给新树浇水.选项 A 符合题
意.故选 A项.]
5.B [句意参见上题.A.against与相反;B.beG
yond超出;C.within在之内;D.from 来自.固定
搭配bebeyondsb.“使人无法想象(或理解等)”,结合
上句他种树不浇水可知,这件事是很多人无法理解
的,选项B符合题意.故选B项.]
29
选择性必修第一册(BSD)
6.C [句意:他认为给植物浇水会宠坏它们,如果你想
要强壮的树木,你必须给它们制造困境.A.harmful
有害的;B.favorable肯 定 的,赞 同 的;C.tough 棘 手
的;D.wonderful精 彩 的.结 合 下 一 句 “He,talked
abouthow wateringtrees 7 shalowroots,and
howtreesthatwerentwateredhadtogrow deep
rootsin 8 ofwater.”可知,浇灌过的树长着浅浅
的根,而没有浇水的树就不得不长出深深的根来寻找
水源.选项C符合题意.故选C项.]
7.A [句意:他谈到用水浇灌的树是如何长出浅浅的
根,没有浇水的树是如何长出深深的根来寻找水源.
A.madefor有利于;B.headfor前往;C.alowfor允
许;D.carefor喜欢.根据句意,浇灌过的树根生得
浅,也就是说有利于生浅根.选项 A 符合题意.故选
A项.]
8.D [句意参见上题.A.charge负责;B.favor赞成;
C.honor尊敬;D.search寻找.inchargeof负责;主
管;infavorof赞同;inhonorof为向表示敬意;in
searchof寻找.根据常识可知,不浇水的树会向有水
的地方生根,这样树就会长得结实.选项 D 符合题
意.故选 D项.]
9.A [句意:我开始明白,他的意思是要珍惜深厚的根
基.A.treasured重视;B.chalenged挑战;C.respecG
ted尊重;D.liked喜欢.根据下一句“ThelackofwaG
terseemedto 10 thetreesinwayscomfortand
easenevercould.”可 知,选 项 A 符 合 题 意.故 选
A项.]
10.C [句意:缺水似乎给树木带来了舒适和安逸永远
无法给 予 的 好 处.A.harm 伤 害;B.raise抚 养;C.
benefit有利于;D.hurt伤害.结合上文浇灌过的树长
着浅浅的根,而没有浇水的树长出深深的根来寻找水
源可知,缺水给树带来的好处就是根扎得深,长得更
结实.选项C符合题意.故选C项.]
11.A [句意:我过去常常为我的儿子们祈祷希望他们
的生活 能 够 轻 松.A.pray 祈 祷;B.apply 应 用;C.
stand站立;D.cal 喊.根据下文 myprayer可知,选
项 A符合题意.故选 A项.]
12.D [句意:但最近我一直在想,是时候改变我的祈祷
文了.A.perfectly完美地;B.formaly正式地;C.obG
viously显 而 易 见 地;D.lately近 来.结 合 上 一 句 的
usedto...可知,此处指的是现在,选项 D符合题意.
故选 D项.]
13.C [句 意 参 见 上 题.A.attend参 加,出 席;B.say
说;C.change 改 变;D.keep 保 持.结 合 下 文 “The
prayerforcomfortisseldom met.”可以得出,祈祷孩
子的生活能够轻松是几乎不能得到的,所以此处应该
是指 改 变 我 的 祈 祷 文. 选 项 C 符 合 题 意. 故 选
C项.]
14.A [句 意:我 知 道 我 的 孩 子 们 会 遇 到 困 难.
A.hardships困难;B.worries担心;C.bosses老板;D.
jobs工作.结合本句后半句,我祈祷他们坚强可知,
此处 他 们 会 遇 到 困 难.选 项 A 符 合 题 意.故 选
A项.]
15.D [句意:我们需要做的是祈祷植物能够深深扎根,
这样当风吹过时,它们就不会被吹走.A.given给予;
B.sent发送;C.broken破坏;D.swept吹.结合常识
可知,当风吹过时,扎根深的树不会被吹走.选项 D
符合题意.故选 D项.]
SECTION Ⅵ
基础性
Ⅰ.1.carved 2.thunderstorm 3.typhoon 4.Atlantic
5.conserve 6.temple 7.valey 8.committee
9.Confucius
Ⅱ.1.changeable 2.increasingly 3.growth 4.truth
5.proudly 6.scenic 7.historic 8.agricultural
应用性
Ⅲ.1.Ontheotherhand 2.hungryandcold 3.with
hismouthwideopen 4.leavinghiswife
综合性
Ⅰ.[语篇解读] 本文是一篇说明文.本文介绍了亚马
逊河的流动对该地区生物多样性的贡献.
1.A [词义猜测题.根据划线处上文“AnewstudyfoG
cusedonbirdsexamineshowthemovementsofrivers
intheAmazonhavecontributedtothatareasexcepG
tionalbiologicaldiversity.”和划线单词所在句子“The
researchteam,ledbytheAmericanMuseumofNatuG
ralHistory,foundthatassmalriversystemschange
overtime,theyspurtheevolutionofnewspecies.”可
知,亚马逊河的流动促进该地区非凡的生物多样性,
这说明小型河流系统会发生变化,从而刺激新物种的
进化,由此可知,spur可以解释成导致、引起,再往深
一点是刺激了物种的进化.A.stimulate刺激;B.reG
new翻 新、更 新;A.pursue追 求;D.interrupt打 断.
故选 A.]
2.B [细节理解题.根据第二段最后一句“Researchers
havelongwonderedandhotlydebatedhowtheAmazons
richbiodiversityaroseandaccumulated.”可知,调查
者们正在争论的是亚马逊河河流丰富的生物多样性
是如何形成并累积的,故选B.]
3.D [推理判断题.根据第三段“EarlyevolutionarybiG
ologistslikeAlfredRusselWalacenoticedthat...on
theorderofthousandsortensofthousandsofyears.
(“此外,越来越多的地质证据表明,这些河流是高度
动态的,在相对较短的时间内,在数千年或数万年的
时间内,在南美洲的景观中流动.”)”LukasMusher
将这两件事关联起来,他认为是亚马逊河的流动导致
了河两岸丰富的生物多样性,故选 D.]
4.C [细节理解题.根据最后一段中“whenriverrearG
rangementsoccurquickly,populationsofbirdson
eachsidecancombinebeforetheyvehadtimetodifG
fer;whenriverchangeshappenslowly,specieshavea
longertimetodivergefromoneanother.”可知高速流
动的河流会导致物种结合,低速流动的河流会导致物
种的差距越来越大.所以,影响鸟类种类改变的因素
是河流的流速,故选C.]
39
参考答案