第10章 第2节 关系副词-【高考零起点】2025年新高考英语总复习学用word（艺考）

第二节　关系副词 引导定语从句的关系副词包括 when, where, why。 关系副词有两个作用：1. 连接主句和从句； 2. 在定语从句中充当状语(时间状语、 地点状语、 原因状语)。 关系副词 先行词 在从句中 充当的成分 例句 when 时间名词 时间状语 She still remembers the day when she won the prize. where 地点名词 地点状语 This is the factory where his father works. why reason 原因状语 He didn't know the reason why he was late. 注意：why引导定语从句时，先行词只有reason。 引导定语从句时，关系副词when, where, why等可以与“介词＋ which”互换。如： The day when she arrived was Thursday. ＝The day on which she arrived was Thursday. 她到的那天是星期四。 Do you remember the place where we had lunch? ＝Do you remember the place at which we had lunch? 你记得我们吃午饭的地方吗？ The reason why I came here was to be with my family. ＝The reason for which I came here was to be with my family. 我到这里来的原因是要跟我的家人在一起。 关系副词与相对应的“介词＋关系代词”： 关系 副词 when 时间 at/in/on/during...＋ which where 地点 at/in/to...＋which why 原因 for which 例1　The village has developed a lot we learned farming two years ago. 【答案】 where 【解析】 where在此引导定语从句，修饰先行词The village, 定语从句中we learned farming主谓宾齐全，选用关系副词where作状语，从句意为“我们两年前在这个村庄学习耕种”。注意，题中的定语从句与先行词The village之间被has developed a lot隔开了。 注意：在选择关系副词时，要弄清关系副词在句中所充当的成分，避免看到地点就用where, 看到时间就用when, 看到reason就用why的情况出现。 例2 (1)This is the house I lived two years ago. (2)This is the house I lived in two years ago. (3)I'll remember the days we stayed together in Paris. (4)I'll never forget the days we spent together in Paris. (5)Do you know the reason he is not here now? (6)The reason he gave us sounded reasonable. (7)This is the factory we visited last year. (8)She will always remember the days she spent in the countryside. (9)This is the very reason we all know. 【答案】 (1)where　(2)which/that (3)when　(4)which/that　(5)why (6)which/that　(7)which/that (8)which/that　(9)that 【解析】(1)(3)(5)填关系副词，在句中分别有where＝in which, when＝in which, why＝for which; (2)(4)(6)(7)(8)空白处均在从句中作宾语，故填关系代词which/that; (9)中先行词被very修饰，故填关系代词that。 定语从句与强调句的区别 1. 强调句的基本句型结构： It is/was＋被强调的部分＋that/who＋句子的剩余成分： (被强调的部分是人时，可用who或that, 其余的一律用that) It was Jim that told us the news. (强调句型的陈述句形式) Was it Jim that told us the news？(强调句型的一般疑问句形式) Who was it that told us the news？(强调句型的特殊疑问句形式) 2. 强调句型特点：去掉It be...that/who...，句子成分完整。 It is in the street that I met her. (强调句) 把It is...that...去掉，句子完整：In the street I met her. It is clear that not all boys like football. 去掉It is...that...后，clear not all boys like football不完整，不是强调句。 3. 强调句中只有that/who, 不会出现where, which, when等。 It is the street where I met her. (定语从句，where为关系副词，作定语从句中的地点状语) 4. 如果强调时间地点，就看前面有没有介词，有介词就是强调句，没有介词就是定语从句。如： It was in the park that she lost her necklace. (强调句，强调地点状语) →She lost her necklace in the park. (去掉It was...that...后，句子仍然成立) It was in 1991 that I was born. (强调句，强调时间状语) →I was born in 1991. (去掉It was...that...后，句子仍然成立) It was 1991 when I was born. (定语从句) →1991 I was born. (去掉It was...when...后，句子不成立) 例2　It was at midnight they reached the camp site. 【答案】 that　根据midnight前有介词at，可判断此句为强调句，而非定语从句，所以填that，构成强调句型结构“it was...that...”。 用适当的关系代词或关系副词填空。 1. The school where his sister works is a key school. 2. I remember the day when we first went to the Summer Palace. 3. The reason why he missed the speech is that he forgot the time. 4. This is the place that/which Li Bai once visited. 5. There comes a time when you have to make a choice. 6. Don't forget the time that/which I've told you. 7. What do you think of the reason that/which he gave this morning? 8. Self-driving is an area where China and the rest of the world are on the same starting line. 9. By 16：30, which was almost closing time, nearly all the paintings had been sold. 10. It is in the house that he lives. 11. It is the date when he went abroad. 12. We will put off the picnic in the park until next week, when the weather may be better. 13. Pisa is a city in Italy, where there is a leaning tower. 14. All the neighbors admire this family, where the parents are treating their child like a friend. 15. Sales director is a position where communication ability is just as important as sales skills. 16. It was the boy who/that had been in prison that stole the money. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$