Unit 5 作业(十四) SectionⅡ Using language-【精讲精练】2024-2025学年高中英语选择性必修第三册知能达标训练（外研版2019）

O英语·选择性必修第三册（配WY版）》 作业（十四） SectionⅡ Using language 层级①基础知识自测 5.老师遗憾地告诉汤姆他没通过考试，汤姆后悔没 有努力学习。 I.单句语法填空 The teacher Tom that he 1. (offer)the opportunity to speak didn't pass the exam,and Tom at the graduation ceremony made me overjoyed. 2.The film star wears sunglasses.Therefore,he can Ⅲ.用语篇练语法 go shopping without (recognise). As is known to us all,1. (pronounce) 3.We've had a good start,but next,more work needs words correctly is a common problem for English (do)to achieve the final success. learners.So today I'd like to talk about how 2. 4.Do you remember (borrow)a (improve)our English pronunciation. novel from me?Please don't forget Language researchers say pronunciation and fluency,3. (return)it to me next weekend,Bob. (follow)by grammar, (discuss)the matter are the biggest barriers in effective spoken English. 5.It's no use However,most people don't regard pronunciation with him because he wouldn't change his mind. as a very important part of communication skills. 6.The driver failed (see)the other They're more focused on vocabulary.One reason is car in front of him in time,causing a terrible that most people are not even aware of their accident. mispronunciations.So,first,it's important 4. 7.As is known to all,travelling is (find)out the words you mispronounce. (interest),but we often feel You should listen to native speakers,who are less (tire)when we are back from the journey. likely 5. make)pronunciation 8.You're supposed to seek (solve) mistakes.When 6. (listen)to them, to the problem by yourself rather than wait for you should pay attention to the words that sound someone to help you. strange.That's because you pronounce the same 9.An interview is a conversation between an words differently.When you come across such and a potential words,check a dictionary 7. which allows the interviewer to assess the job (confirm)their exact pronunciations.You can also applicant to see if he or she is suitable for the search for difficult-to-pronounce words and make a position.(employ) list of them.The last suggestion is 8. 10.In many cases,scientists take (read)aloud. (inspire)from nature to make a breakthrough. Now you've got the correct pronunciation of Ⅱ.语法与写作 the words,it's time 9. practice) 1.他的解释太令人费解了，以至于我们大多数人都 reading them every day.You'll soon be amazed to find you are on the road to 10. 无法理解。 (speak)English like native speakers. His explanation is most of us couldn't understand. 层级②素养能力提升 2.被校篮球队录取对我来说是一件极大的乐事。 I.阅读理解 A is a great pleasure for me. Scientists have always been interested in the 3.我在高中最想做的事是提高我的英语水平。 high level of organization in ant societies.American What I want to do most in high school is researchers have watched ants build life-saving rafts to keep afloat during floods.They also have 4.他一走进实验室，就完全投人到实验中以至于忘 recorded how ants choose their next queen-the 记了吃晚饭。 female whose job is to produce eggs. Upon he was so New technology is helping to improve researchers' attracted to his experiment that he understanding of the insects.But there is still a lot to be learned. 40 Fire ants living in Brazilian forests are perfectly at B home in an environment where flooding is Water is a necessity of life.Rain,especially, common.To save themselves,the insects connect helps plants grow and stay green.But too much their legs together and create floating rafts.Some rain,especially in cities,can lead to flooding.That ant rafts can be up to 20 centimeters wide. can cause waste water systems to overflow and David Hu is an engineer at the Georgia Institute of Technology,also known as Georgia send pollutants into rivers and other waterways. Tech,saying,"If you have 100 ants,which means To fight the problem,several cities in the United 600 legs,99 percent of those legs will be connected States are starting programs like rooftop gardens. to a neighbor.So they're very,very good at A team at the University of the District of keeping this network. Columbia in the nation's capital has created a David Hu and other Georgia Tech researchers garden on the top of one school building.The wanted to study ants and the secret of their garden holds many kinds of plants to help absorb engineering.They froze ant rafts and then looked rainwater and grow food at the same time. at them with the help of computed technology,or Architect David Bell has designed five "green CT images.The pictures showed that larger ants roofs"for the university.He says he is excited serve in central positions to which smaller ants about the project because "it meant doing hold.The larger ants create pockets of air that keep something more than just dealing with storm water the insects afloat. management.It took advantage of a resource above Scientists say small robots or materials that the city and these flat roofs that aren't doing can change shape could be programmed in a similar anything really became something that was about way,working towards a shared goal. urban agriculture."Rainwater is collected in large Researchers at North Carolina State University containers and sent through a system that waters are also studying ants.They examined how Indian the rooftop garden.The roof is filled with green jumping ants choose the leader of the colony when they lose their top female or queen. life that appeals to insects. 1.Why does the author take fire ants as an example? In cities,"you don't have that many spaces to A.To tell us how ants survive. choose from and so rooftops are just (unused) B.To tell us how ants seek food. space,says Caitlin Arlotta.She is a student in the C.To tell us how ants communicate. school's Urban Agriculture program.The project is D.To tell us how ants live together. a part of a research program to see which plants do 2.What can we know from what David Hu said in well on rooftops.The researchers are looking at Paragraph 4? plants including strawberries,tomatoes and sweet A.Ants know the way to keep in touch in the river. potatoes.The university also has other green B.Ants know the way to join together closely. spaces."We also have our own farm experiments," C.Ants know the way to look for each other. Arlotta said."Within each of those growing D.Ants know the way to build a large raft. systems,we want to be able to tell people which 3.Why did the larger ants serve in central positions sorts of these crops grow the best." in their ant rafts? Sandy Farber Bandier helps run UDC's Master A.To stress their importance. Gardener program.It seeks to improve cities and B.To help all the ants float. make them beautiful by training people to become C.To fight against the enemies. Master Gardeners.She says she's been surprised by D.To defend their top female. 4.What ideas do the ants give us according to the the garden's output."My biggest surprise was that we produced 4,250 pounds of produce the first passage? A.We can use similar-shaped machines in flooding year and was able to spread that to people in areas. need."She also likes being able to show people B.We can combine small robots or materials into who live in D.C.and others beyond the nation's larger ones. capital what and how food can be grown on a C.Small and shape-changeable things might work rooftop."This is the future for food.You grow it just like ants do. here,you prepare it in a commercial kitchen,you D.Small robots or materials in the shape of ants distribute through farmers markets,food trucks, can be made. and then you recycle." 41 ○英语·选择性必修第三册（配WY版） 5.What do we know about the rooftop gardens? : 5 For example,the icy cold snow melts A.Rooftop gardens are very common in average in the warmth of spring to give birth to fresh green neighborhoods. leaves,and these leaves turn into shades of gold in B.There are many sorts of plants there which the autumn but are once again buried in the cold help take in rainwater. winter.Change is unavoidable.It is important that C.They're playing an important role in the city's we enjoy what we have to the fullest because who food supply. knows how long it will last.Meanwhile,we D.Rooftop gardens are no more than containers shouldn't get attached to things that may lead to to collect rainwater. heartbreak and sorrow. 6.What can we infer from Paragraph 3? What we can learn from nature is limitless.So A.Rooftops can offer enough space to plant learn to respect her and include her wisdom in our crops. lives. B.Many plants like strawberries can grow well A.Change is constant. on rooftops. B.We should not forget but respect our origins. C.Some university students are participating in C.She inspires creatures to challenge themselves. the Urban Agriculture program. D.Trying to maintain the balance of nature is essential. D.The plants in rooftop gardens are attractive to E.She teaches us values that may lead to a full and many insects. happy life. 7.How does Sandy Farber Bandier feel about the F.Take a minute to admire this beautiful artist's future of rooftop gardens? creation around you. A.Confident. B.Doubtful. G.But the existence of one creature depends on the C.Worried. D.Ambiguous. existence of the other. 8.What is the best title for the text? Ⅲ.语法填空 A.Rainwater Necessity for Plant Life In ancient China lived an artist 1. B.Green Roofs-The Future of Urban Agriculture paintings were almost lifelike.The artist's reputation C.The United States'Agriculture Program : had made him proud.One day the emperor wanted to D.Rooftop Gardens-Food Paradise get his portrait (done so he called all great Ⅱ.七选五 artists to come and present their 2. (fine) Nature has a lot to offer.1 Here are some work,so that he could choose the best.The artist valuable life lessons. was sure he would 3. (choose),but Respect our roots.With time,a young tree when he presented his masterpiece to the emperor's grows into a full-grown one-something that was chief minister,the old man laughed.The wise old so tiny and delicate develops into a strong tree man told him to travel to the Li River-perhaps he capable of supporting others.However tall it could learn a little from the greatest artist in the grows,its roots are firmly buried where it once world. took root.2 and give something back to those Filled with 4. (curious),the artist humble beginnings that made us develop into who packed his bags and left.5. he asked the we are. villagers on the banks of the river where he could Develop our creativity.Have you ever noticed find the legendary(传奇的)artist,they smiled and various types of different plants'leaves,those 6. (point)down the river.The next brightly colored flowers,and unique patterns on morning he hired a boat and set out 7. animals?With so much beauty around,who could (find)the well-known painter.As the small boat refuse to admit that nature is the most creative moved 8. (gentle)along the river he was artist out there?3 Be inspired and create left speechless by the mountains being silently something that will in turn inspire others. reflected in the water.He passed milky white Learn to coexist peacefully.Nature provides waterfalls and mountains in many shades of blue. every creature a chance to exist,however big or And when he saw the mists rising from the river small it may be.4 The tiger eats the antelope; and the soft clouds 9. (surround)the without the antelope,the tiger wouldn't survive.mountain tops,he was reduced to tears.The artist Likewise,without tigers,the overpopulation of was finally humbled (by the greatest artist antelopes would cause them to starve to death. 10. earth,Mother Nature. 42@ 4.C标题归纳题。通读全文，尤其第一段可知，这：8.D根据上文“During an interview”可知，在一次 篇文章讲述的是由竹子建造的房子Cubo获得了 采访中，简和戴夫与我们分享了关于希望的精彩 5万英镑的最高奖金。故选C。 : 故事。故选D。 [语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。墙壁上几平方： 9.B根据“wonderful stories of hope”以及 米的苔藓植物真的可以解决空气污染吗？一家公 “inspired”可知，这些故事激励他们继续他们的 司表示，苔藓墙可以过滤高达80%的污染颗粒。 旅程。故选B。 5.A段落大意题。根据第二段中的“The walls: l0.C根据下文“how she would have enough collect rainwater,which is...airflow through money to fly home for their spring break. the plants.”可知，第二段主要讲苔藓墙是如何起 知，简一直在默默担心自己是否有足够的钱飞 作用的。 回家过春假。故选C。 6.B细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Around:1l,A根据“envelope?”以及“with$850 cash in 50 CityTrees have been installed in European the desert'”可知，后来她在沙漠中发现了一个 cities..emitted from passing traffic..”可知，欧 装有850美元现金的信封。故选A。 洲城市正在用苔藓墙来解决路上过往车辆造成：l2.D根据下文“they unexpectedly got help”可 的空气污染问题。 知，在他们乘坐的巴士在丹佛郊外出了故障后， 7.B观点态度题。根据第四段内容尤其是第一句 意外得到帮助。故选D。 可知，Zoran Ristovski对苔藓墙在繁忙的公交站 :l3.B根据上文“arrived in Yosemite National 点的有效性持消极态度。 Park three weeks later,”可知，刚好赶上了清 8.D推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Tre 理公园里所有垃圾的任务。故选B。 planting can backfire...because trees can 14.D根据上文他们的具体行动可知，他们致力于 reduce airflow-and so moss walls may be a 以微小而有意义的方式工作使人们关注他们寻 better option”可知，在两侧高楼鳞次栉比的街道 求真正改变的渴望。故选D。 上，树木会阻碍气流，因此种树会产生事与愿违；l5.C根据上文“picking up rubbish'”以及“clean 的结果。 up trash all over the park'”可知，我们可以用自 Ⅱ.[语篇解读]这是一篇记叙文。短文主要讲述 : 己的方式来为环境做出贡献。故选C。 了为提高人们对环境污染和气候变化的认识，简和 作业（十四） 戴夫等人花了三年时间共捡了201678磅垃圾，还 介绍了他们在旅途中的一些经历，他们的所作所为 [层级1基础知识自测] 提醒我们，我们都可以用自己的方式为保护环境做 I.1.Being offered 2.being recognised 3.to be 出贡献。 done/doing 4.borrowing;to return 5.discussing l.D根据上文“On a weekday evening,Jane was 6.to see 7.interesting;tired 8.solutions at home as usual.She received an urgent”可知， 9.employer;employee 10.inspiration 她接到妹妹的一个紧急电话。故选D。 II.1.so confusing that 2.Being admitted into the 2.A根据上文“One online message and a phone school basketball team 3.(to)improve my interview later'”可知，简发现自己和8个陌生人 English 4.entering the lab;forgot to have dinner 坐在一辆公共汽车上，在犹他州极端炎热的沙漠 5.regretted to tell;regretted not studying hard 中捡垃圾。故选A。 IlI.1.pronouncing 2.to improve 3.followed 3.A根据下文“went on a coast--to-coast road--side:4.to find5.to make6.listening7.to confirm trash pick-up”可知，简、戴夫和一群自称为“环保： 8.to read 9.to practice 10.speaking 拾荒艺术家”的人怀着对环境的深切热爱。故 [层级2素养能力提升] 选A。 I.[语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文，介绍了蚂蚁 4.D到海岸的路边拾荒就是希望再次改变现状。：是一种强大的生物，拥有有效的求生技能。科学家 故选D。 对巴西的火蚂蚁进行了研究，发现它们可以结成筏 5.A根据下文“environmental pick-up artists”可：子在洪水里自救，并研究了它们的自救原理。 知，简、戴夫和一群自称为“环保拾荒艺术家”的 :l.A细节理解题。根据第三段中“T0save 人怀着对环境的深切热爱和改变现状的愿望。 themselves,the insects connect their legs 故选A。 together and create floating rafts..”可知，作者列 6.B根据“0.9 miles'”可知，有时一整天只走0.9 举巴西的火蚂蚁是为了告诉我们火蚂蚁在洪水 英里。故选B。 里会把腿连在一起，结成筏子自救，故A项 7.A根据下文“their way across the United: 正确。 States,picking up a total of2o1,678 pounds of2.B推理判断题。根据第四段中David Hu说的 trash in three years.”可知，他们慢慢地穿越美 话可知，如果你有100只蚂蚁，这意味着有600 国，三年内总共捡了201678磅垃圾。make 条腿，其中99%的腿将与邻居相连，所以它们非 one'sway“一路前进”。故选A。 常善于雏持这个网络。由此可以判断出，David 27 ⑧⊙ H山说的话解释了蚂蚁可以把自己的腿连接在一 故G项（但一种生物的存在依靠另一种生物的存 起形成一个网，这是蚂蚁在洪水里自救的方法， 在)符合语境。 说明它们了解这样的方法，故B项正确。 5.A结合本段内容可知，本段主要说明改变是不 3.B细节理解题。根据第五段中“The larger ants 可避免且持续不断的，由此可知，A项适合作本 create pockets of air that keep the insects 段主旨句。 afloat..”可知在蚂蚁组成的网里，更大些的蚂蚁 Ⅲ.[语篇解读]本文讲述一位中国古代画家找寻 们在网的最中间，形成一个气泡产生浮力，让所： 最伟大的艺术大师“自然母亲”的故事。 有的蚂蚁都能漂浮起来，故B项正确。 1.whose考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空 4.C推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中内容可知， 处引导一个定语从句，且与其后名词paintings之 蚂蚁的行为给科学家启示，可以用蚂蚁自救类似 间构成所属关系，故用whose。 的方法把一些微型机器人或其他一些能改变形 :2.finest考查形容词最高级。根据句意可知，皇帝 状的材料组合在一起，一起去完成一个共同的目： 命令所有知名画家献上他们最好的作品。 标，故C项正确。 3.be chosen考查动词的语态。这位画家确信自 [语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。美国由于雨水 己肯定会被选中。he与choose之间是动宾关 过多，为了避免洪涝和浪费，美国的几个城市正在 系，故填被动语态。 启动屋顶花园等项目。在大学校舍的顶部建造花 :4,curiosity考查名词。介词with后应使用名词。 园，种植多种植物吸收雨水，利用城市上空的一种 :5.When/As考查状语从句。When/As在句中表 资源，成了城市农业的一部分。 示“当…时”，引导时间状语从句。 5.B细节理解題。根据第二段中的“The garden:6.pointed考查动词的时态。空处与smiled构成 holds many kinds of plants to help absorb 并列谓语，故用一般过去时。 rainwater and grow food at the same time,.”可 7.to find考查非谓语动词。set out to do sth(怀 知，花园里有多种植物，可以帮助吸收雨水。 着目标)开始做某事，是常见用法。 6.C推理判断题。根据第三段中的“..Caitlin:8.gently 考查副词。修饰动词moved应使用 Arlotta.She is a student in the school's Urban 副词。 Agriculture program...The university also has :9.surrounding考查非谓语动词。根据上下文及 other green spaces.'We also have our own farm “rising from the river'”可知，此处为see sth doing experiments'”。可知，凯特琳·阿洛搭是该校都 sth结构。 市农业计划的学生。大学还有其他绿地，她们也： l0.on考查固定搭配。on earth意为“在世界上”， 有自己的实验农场，由此可推断出有许多大学生 是固定搭配。 正在参与这项城市农业计划。 作业（十五） 7.A推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“This is the future..and then you recycle,.”可推断出她对 [层级1基础知识自测] 于屋顶花园的未来很自信。 I.1.attained 2.rural 3.rejected 4.evaluate 8.B标题归纳题。第一段说美国由于雨水过多， 5.bow 6.decent 7.withdraw 8.domestic 为了避免洪涝和浪费，美国的几个城市正在启动：Ⅱ.l.to2.to withdraw3.evaluation4.rejection 屋顶花园等项目。接着下文进行了详细介绍，在：5.for6.depressed/,depressive;depressing 大学校舍的顶部建造花园，种植多种植物吸收雨：7.at8.departure9.through 10.reaction 水，利用城市上空的一种资源，成了城市农业的： IlI.1.it takes great courage to admit mistakes 一部分。由此可知，B项：“绿色屋顶一城市农：2.As is often the case3.while Jane sat alone 业的未来”最适合作本文标题。 IV.1.influential 2.for 3.seeking 4.quietness Ⅱ.[语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。大自然给我：5.an6.Although/Though/While7.wrote 们提供了很多东西，并且教会我们很多道理。本文 8.himself 9.to convince 10.simply 列举了一些我们能从大自然中学到的道理。 [层级2素养能力提升] l.E根据空前的Nature has a lot to offer..以及空 I,[语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。研究发现， 后的Here are some valuable life lessons..可知， 蜜蜂与许多其他动物一样，能理解“0”这样的抽象 E项符合语境，起承上启下的作用。E项中的 概念，尤其是蜜蜂的脑容量相比人类来说要小很 values照应空后一句中的valuable。 多。这给人工智能的发展带来了启示。 2.B根据空后的“and give something back., 1.A细节理解题。根据第一段第一句，尤其是 who we are'”,并结合本段主旨句“Respect our “considering the insects'tiny brains'”可知，令研 roots.”可推知，B项符合语境。B项中的origins 究人员吃惊的是在蜜蜂的脑容量小的情况下，它 呼应上文中的roots。 们也能理解“0”这样的概念。 3.F结合选项可知，F项承上启下，符合语境。 2.C细节理解题。根据第二段内容，尤其是最后 F项中的“this beautiful artist's creation”照应上 一句可知，蜜蜂能飞向符号少的卡片是训练的结 文中的“nature is the most creative artist'”。 果。但是，蜜蜂能更多地飞向空白的卡片是不需 4.G根据空后内容可知，生物间是相互依存的。 要训练的。 28