Unit 5 作业(十三) SectionⅠStarting out&Understanding ideas-【精讲精练】2024-2025学年高中英语选择性必修第三册知能达标训练（外研版2019）

l⑧ 家电及绿色环保系统；第五段介绍了作者对关于：8.D根据常识可知，计划旅行前出现的问题可能 未来智能家庭的这些展望最终能实现的信心。 有“这不是最合适的时间”或“我负担不起费 由此可知，文章主要讲的是未来智能家庭的相关 用”等。 信息，因此A项（未来智能家庭）适合作为本文的： 9.C根据下文中的“doing something I wanted”可 题目。故选A。 知，尽管独自旅行（很）可怕，但是由于可以做自 [语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。文章主要谈了 己想做的事情，作者认为独自旅行也是令人激 对未来学校的构想，例如，现在的学校将不复存 动的。 在，以后的学校将是电子化的等。 10.A根据常识可知，作者想要通过独自旅行来证 5.A细节理解题。根据第三段中“According to 明自己可以忽视恐惧，并做自己想做的事情。 The Age,the distant learning will be popular 11.D根据语境可知，作者独自去旅行，很多事情 and students will listen to teachers on 都得自己负责。 computers.”可知，根据The Age的报道，未来 12.B根据常识可知，作者独自旅行需要自己安排 学校的学生将主要在网上学习。 6.B细节理解题。根据第四段中“At this school. 时间，设置闹钟。 13.A根据常识可知，独自旅行可以自行安排各项 by teachers.”可知，这段主要以滨海小学为例， 说明了未来学校的运作方式。 事情，这让作者感到很自由。 7.D 词义猜测题。根据后文“Thus,we'lpay 14.C结合常识和上文可知，独自旅行需要自行安 more attention to the learning of kids rather than 排各项事情，这会让一个人变得更加独立。 the teaching.”可知，我们会更多地关注孩子的学 15.B根据语境可知，通过独自旅行作者成长了很 习，而非教学。科技改变了未来学习的重点。故 多，也意识到自己可以独自完成人生之旅。 画线单词意思为“重点，中心”。 作业（十三） 8.A标题归纳题。根据第一段中“What will the future school..in the future..”可知，本文给出 [层级1基础知识自测 了一篇报告的内容并以滨海小学为例证，给出了 I.1.frontiers 2.architect 3.mimic 4.superb 对未来学校的描述，故A项“未来的学校”适合作 5.respond 6.frontiers 文章标题。 II.1.to 2.to play;reading;to equip 3.architecture Ⅱ.[语篇解读]本文是一篇记叙文。在作者的成：4，with5.response6.Designed7.converted 长过程中，父母带他去旅行，这让作者意识到旅行 8.of 9.converting 10.it 对自己的成长很有益处。三周前，作者登上了独自： Ill.1.While (I was)reading a book 旅行的航班。通过这次旅行，作者变得更加独立，： 2.so fast that I couldn't take everything down 对未来的人生之路也更有信心了。 3.found ourselves attracted by the natural beauty l.B根据上文中的I was fortunate to travel with;of the scenery my parents和下文中的for opening my eyes to:W.l,fascinating2.Shaped3.themselves the world可知，作者对于父母能够带自己去旅行 4.truly 5.a 6.to draw 7.that/which 8.into 很感激。 9.be harvested 10.enables 2.C根据空后的内容可知，作者认为旅行是最好 [层级2素养能力提升] 的事情之一。 I,[语篇解读]本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述的 3.A根据上文可知，作者之前一直跟父母一起旅 是Earl Forlales从祖父母住的马尼拉郊外的竹屋中 行，而下文中的“I went to London alone'”.表明作 获得灵感，用竹子建造房子；并因此获得了5万英镑 者将独自出行。因此，对作者来说，这次旅行是 一次冒险经历。 的最高奖金。 4.D根据空后的“enter that airplane at6:40a.m.” :1.A细节理解题。根据第一段内容和第二段中的 和下文中的“The idea of going alone was scary” "Its use of bamboo...was praised by the 可知，作者独自坐飞机去旅行，可能会感到害怕。 judges..”可知，他建造房子的材料是获奖的最大 5.A根据上文中的“I went to London alone. 原因。故选A。 leaving my parents behind”可知，在旅行目的地 2.D词义猜测题。根据画线词后面的“the 没有人等作者。 world's biggest issues”"可知，此处指“处理世界上 6.C根据语境可知，看太阳升起让作者意识到自 最大的问题”。所以画线词的意思是“处理，解 己为什么在飞机上。毕竟，自己马上要实现一个 决”。handing处理，处理，故选D。 梦想了。 :3.B推理判断题。根据第二段中的“His house, 7.C作者曾尝试和朋友一起做旅行计划，但是面 known as Cubo...was praised by the judges. 临着一些问题。be faced with“面临着”，符合语 可知，他的房子一周就能完工，4小时就能搭建 境。be reminded of“被提醒…”；be warned 好，每平方米的成本为60英铸。它使用竹子，比 against“被警告不要做”；be attached to“喜爱； 树木多释放35%的氧气到环境中，由此可知， 附属于”。 Cubo房屋既环保又经济。故选B。 26 @ 4.C标题归纳题。通读全文，尤其第一段可知，这：8.D根据上文“During an interview”可知，在一次 篇文章讲述的是由竹子建造的房子Cubo获得了 采访中，简和戴夫与我们分享了关于希望的精彩 5万英镑的最高奖金。故选C。 : 故事。故选D。 [语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。墙壁上几平方： 9.B根据“wonderful stories of hope”以及 米的苔藓植物真的可以解决空气污染吗？一家公 “inspired”可知，这些故事激励他们继续他们的 司表示，苔藓墙可以过滤高达80%的污染颗粒。 旅程。故选B。 5.A段落大意题。根据第二段中的“The walls: l0.C根据下文“how she would have enough collect rainwater,which is...airflow through money to fly home for their spring break. the plants.”可知，第二段主要讲苔藓墙是如何起 知，简一直在默默担心自己是否有足够的钱飞 作用的。 回家过春假。故选C。 6.B细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Around:1l,A根据“envelope?”以及“with$850 cash in 50 CityTrees have been installed in European the desert'”可知，后来她在沙漠中发现了一个 cities..emitted from passing traffic..”可知，欧 装有850美元现金的信封。故选A。 洲城市正在用苔藓墙来解决路上过往车辆造成：l2.D根据下文“they unexpectedly got help”可 的空气污染问题。 知，在他们乘坐的巴士在丹佛郊外出了故障后， 7.B观点态度题。根据第四段内容尤其是第一句 意外得到帮助。故选D。 可知，Zoran Ristovski对苔藓墙在繁忙的公交站 :l3.B根据上文“arrived in Yosemite National 点的有效性持消极态度。 Park three weeks later,”可知，刚好赶上了清 8.D推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Tre 理公园里所有垃圾的任务。故选B。 planting can backfire...because trees can 14.D根据上文他们的具体行动可知，他们致力于 reduce airflow-and so moss walls may be a 以微小而有意义的方式工作使人们关注他们寻 better option”可知，在两侧高楼鳞次栉比的街道 求真正改变的渴望。故选D。 上，树木会阻碍气流，因此种树会产生事与愿违；l5.C根据上文“picking up rubbish'”以及“clean 的结果。 up trash all over the park'”可知，我们可以用自 Ⅱ.[语篇解读]这是一篇记叙文。短文主要讲述 : 己的方式来为环境做出贡献。故选C。 了为提高人们对环境污染和气候变化的认识，简和 作业（十四） 戴夫等人花了三年时间共捡了201678磅垃圾，还 介绍了他们在旅途中的一些经历，他们的所作所为 [层级1基础知识自测] 提醒我们，我们都可以用自己的方式为保护环境做 I.1.Being offered 2.being recognised 3.to be 出贡献。 done/doing 4.borrowing;to return 5.discussing l.D根据上文“On a weekday evening,Jane was 6.to see 7.interesting;tired 8.solutions at home as usual.She received an urgent”可知， 9.employer;employee 10.inspiration 她接到妹妹的一个紧急电话。故选D。 II.1.so confusing that 2.Being admitted into the 2.A根据上文“One online message and a phone school basketball team 3.(to)improve my interview later'”可知，简发现自己和8个陌生人 English 4.entering the lab;forgot to have dinner 坐在一辆公共汽车上，在犹他州极端炎热的沙漠 5.regretted to tell;regretted not studying hard 中捡垃圾。故选A。 IlI.1.pronouncing 2.to improve 3.followed 3.A根据下文“went on a coast--to-coast road--side:4.to find5.to make6.listening7.to confirm trash pick-up”可知，简、戴夫和一群自称为“环保： 8.to read 9.to practice 10.speaking 拾荒艺术家”的人怀着对环境的深切热爱。故 [层级2素养能力提升] 选A。 I.[语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文，介绍了蚂蚁 4.D到海岸的路边拾荒就是希望再次改变现状。：是一种强大的生物，拥有有效的求生技能。科学家 故选D。 对巴西的火蚂蚁进行了研究，发现它们可以结成筏 5.A根据下文“environmental pick-up artists”可：子在洪水里自救，并研究了它们的自救原理。 知，简、戴夫和一群自称为“环保拾荒艺术家”的 :l.A细节理解题。根据第三段中“T0save 人怀着对环境的深切热爱和改变现状的愿望。 themselves,the insects connect their legs 故选A。 together and create floating rafts..”可知，作者列 6.B根据“0.9 miles'”可知，有时一整天只走0.9 举巴西的火蚂蚁是为了告诉我们火蚂蚁在洪水 英里。故选B。 里会把腿连在一起，结成筏子自救，故A项 7.A根据下文“their way across the United: 正确。 States,picking up a total of2o1,678 pounds of2.B推理判断题。根据第四段中David Hu说的 trash in three years.”可知，他们慢慢地穿越美 话可知，如果你有100只蚂蚁，这意味着有600 国，三年内总共捡了201678磅垃圾。make 条腿，其中99%的腿将与邻居相连，所以它们非 one'sway“一路前进”。故选A。 常善于雏持这个网络。由此可以判断出，David 27Unit 5 Learning from nature 作业（十三） Section I Starting out Understanding ideas 层级①基础知识自测 8.Nowadays China is often quoted as the prime example a modern agricultural nation. I.单词拼写 9.Capturing energy from the sun and 1.The stories of those scientists working in the (convert)it into electricity to run your toaster (前沿)of science and technology sounds like magic. inspire us to study harder. 10.It is wrong for some young people to take 2.Every year millions of people flood into this : for granted that they should enjoy their wealthy life. colourful Spanish city to see the unique works of the famed (建筑师) Ⅲ.完成句子 1.在看书的时候，我听到了敲门声。（状语从句的 Antoni Gaudi. 省略) 3.The robot was programmed to I heard a (模仿)a series of human movements. knock on the door. 4.Ideas will come to you easily and some will prove : 2.老师说话如此之快以至于在课堂上我不能记下 to be (极好的). 所有的东西。(so,.that..) 5.Knowing basic first-aid techniques will help you The teacher spoke (回应)quickly to emergencies.. in class. 6.The (新领域)of medical 3.半小时后我们到达了那座老城，发现我们都被那 knowledge are being pushed forwards as time 里的自然美景吸引了。(find+oneself-+宾语补 goes on. 足语) Ⅱ.单句语法填空 We got to the old town half an hour later and 1.How did some drinks companies respond the sugar tax? W.课文语法填空 2.I used play)football on the Nature inspires us to create many of the most playground after school,but now I am used to 1 fascinate)architecture designs. (read)in the library.I think the Here are three typical architectural designs inspired by knowledge I get can be used nature. (equip)myself. 2. shape)like a lotus flower, 3.This concept has been applied successively to Singapore's ArtScience Museum produces waterfalls using recycled rainwater.Visitors are often amazed painting, (architect)and sculpture. to find 3. 4.Only if people live in harmony they)in an urban building that so 4. (true)captures each other can we create a more harmonious the beauty of natural forms. society. Harare's Eastgate Centre is 5. 5.If an argument gets resolved,the emotional superb example of biomimicry.Just like the (respond)tied to it is significantly mounds of termites,it is covered in little holes reduced or almost completely erased. designed 6. (draw)air into the (design)for children,the album building during the day and the heat absorbed by became popular with parents immediately it the wall warms the cool air at night,creating a came out comfortable temperature inside. 7.Now many kinds of electrical appliances are The Algae House in Hamburg is an excellent powered by electric energy piece of work making natural organisms part of a (convert)from solar energy. building.Its surface is covered in panels 7. 37 。英语·选择性必修第三册（配WY版） contain algae.This design has three advantages::1.What contributes most to Forlales'winning the the panels capture heat from the sun and convert it prize? b energy that powers the whole A.The material of his house. building:the algae grow faster in bright sunshine, B.The shape of his house. providing shade;besides,the algae can also C.The design of his house. 9. harvest)and used to produce D.The expense of his house. fuel.Therefore,the building reduces damage to the 2.Which word can best replace the underlined environment by generating its own renewable energy. word“tackling”in Paragraph3? Creating buildings such as these 10. A.Facing. B.Treating. (enable)us to live in closer harmony with our : C.Covering. D.Handling. environment. 3.What can we infer about the Cubo house? 层级②素养能力提升 A.It is created by Forlales and his parents. B.It is environmentally friendly and economical. I.阅读理解 C.It has already been built in Forlales'hometown. A D.It can be constructed in a week. Earl Forlales,a graduate in Materials Science 4.Which of the following can be a suitable title for and Engineering,took inspiration from the bamboo the passage? hut his grandparents lived in outside Manila and A.A Competition in House Building created a house made of bamboo that can be put B.A Man Devoted to City Development together in four hours to solve the chronic(长期 C.The Bamboo House Winning a Top Prize shortage of affordable accommodation in the D.The Way to Solve Housing Shortage Philippines.His design won a E50,000 top prize B from the Royal Institute of Chartered Surveyors Walls covered in moss(苔藓)are popping up (RICS)in its Cities for our Future competition. in major cities,along with people's promise that His house,known as Cubo,could be produced in they can help reduce air pollution-but can a few a week,constructed in four hours and costs f60 per square metres of plants really tackle the smog? square meter.Its use of bamboo-which releases 35% Berlin-based firm Green City Solutions believes so. more oxygen into the environment than trees-was Its moss walls,called CityTrees,are about 4 praised by the judges.The ability of the houses to be square metres in size.It says they can filter constructed in any bamboo-producing area was one of up to 80 percent of pollution particles out of the key attractions. the air. "The world's cities are growing all the time and The walls collect rainwater,which is pumped there is a real need to make sure they are safe, through an irrigation system to the plants.And clean and comfortable places to live in."John solar panels power fans to increase airflow through Hughes,the competition's head judge and then the plants.As a result,the firm says its product president at RICS,said."As we look at our filters nearly 3,500 cubic metres of air per hour, competitors,who are our next generation of which is equal to the total volume of air breathed leaders,I believe that real progress will be made in by around 7,000 people. tackling the world's biggest issues. Around 50 CityTrees have been installed in Forlales has already identified a suitable area: European cities in bus stops and busy streets where of land to start building his Cubo houses.He plans people are exposed to harmful particles emitted to begin the work next year with experts from the from passing traffic.The European Commission is RICS in an attempt to help relieve the huge interested in the idea and is funding a dozen moss pressure on housing in Manila,where a third of walls in Berlin.Alison Haynes at the University of the 12 million population live in poor districts.He Wollongong in Australia and her colleagues looked said,"I would like to thank RICS for the at how effectively moss and trees absorb pollution. opportunity,and look forward to working with They found that moss was up to four times better them to put this money to good use in Manila,and at trapping particles than the native Australian then hopefully elsewhere around the world. tree. 38 "But this doesn't mean moss walls will of self-5 "environmental pick-up artists"went necessarily protect people from pollution at busy on a coast-to-coast road-side trash pick-up.As they bus stops,"says Zoran Ristovski at Queensland walked,sometimes only 6 0.9 miles in an University of Technology in Australia."In a small entire day,they slowly 7 their way across the room,a moss wall only needs to filter a small United States,picking up a total of 201,678 amount of new air each hour,but tens or hundreds pounds of trash in three years. of times this volume of air is pushed past by During an interview,Jane and Dave 8 buses,"he says."Consequently,a moss wall in a with us wonderful stories of hope that inspired street is unlikely to make any difference. them to 9 their journey.After spending weeks "Different solutions will be needed depending silently 10 about how she would have enough on an area's layout(布局)，”says Ruby Michael at money to fly home for their spring break,Jane Griffith University in Australia."Tree planting can found an envelope 11 with $850 cash in the backfire where streets are lined with tall buildings desert,just enough to get her home and back. to create urban canyon effect because trees can After their bus 12 outside of Denver,they reduce airflow-and so moss walls may be a unexpectedly got help and arrived in Yosemite better option,"she added. National Park three weeks later,just 13 a 5.What's the second paragraph mainly about? mission to clean up trash all over the park. A.How moss walls function. Jane and Dave are like so many unsung heroes B.How moss walls are created. in our community.Their commitment to working in C.How an irrigation system works. small,meaningful ways 14 their desire for real D.How much polluted air is filtered. change.What they have done is a reminder that we 6.What can we learn from the third paragraph? can all be of 15 A.Moss-covered walls are widely installed every- 1.A.visit B.action where in Europe. C.advocate D.call B.European cities are using walls of moss to 2.A.found B.detected tackle air pollution from traffic. C.persuaded D.integrated C.Moss has weaker capability of filtering air 3.A.preference B.appetite C.concern D.fear than the Australian trees. 4.A.plan B.promise D.The European Commission has invested much C.route D.difference money in moss walls. 5.A.described B.corrected 7.What does Zoran Ristovski's attitude towards C.displayed D.discovered moss walls'effectiveness at busy bus stops? 6.A.measuring B.covering A.Objective. B.Negative. C.wandering D.fixing C.Optimistic. D.Unclear. : 7.A.made B.got 8.What does Ruby Michael mean by saying "Tree C.helped D.pedalled planting can backfire"? 8.A.heard B.read A.Trees filter pollution particles out of the air. C.wrote D.shared B.Trees provide much shade for street people. 9.A.begin B.carry on C.Trees are likely to cause serious fires. D.Tree planting may have the opposite effect. : C.improve D.insist on 10.A.learning B.complaining Ⅱ.完形填空 C.worrying D.talking On a weekday evening,Jane was at home as 11.A.filled B.supplied usual.She received an urgent 1 from her sister C.labelled D.equipped “Get over here！Turn on the TV and check these 12.A.set off B.sped up guys out.They are just like you.One online C.pulled up D.broke down message and a phone interview later,Jane 2 13.A.in touch with B.in time for herself on a bus with 8 strangers in the middle of C.in face of D.in return for the extreme desert heat of Utah,picking up 14.A.turns to B.picks up rubbish. C.takes up D.appeals to With a deep 3 for the environment and a 15.A.confidence B.advantage desire to remake a 4 Jane,Dave,and a group C.service D.gift 39