精品解析：广东省东莞市东华高级中学、松山湖2024-2025学年高二下学期教学检查（一）英语试题

东莞市东华高级中学2024-2025学年第二学期教学质量检查（一） 东华松山湖高级中学 高二英语 （本试题共三部分，满分130分，考试时间120分钟） 第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中选出最佳选项。 A Exhibitions Alicia’s Speculations Xi Wang’s Silicon Valley Solo Exhibition In the “Alicia’s Speculations” exhibition, Xi Wang sets off on a journey of imagination, blurring (使模糊) the boundaries between reality and fantasy. He offers a look into an alternative reality where physical laws are bent, and reality is nothing but a delicate illusion (错觉). Hululi Sijia Ke’s New York Pastel Drawing Exhibition In the city, we are constantly surrounded by the noise of urban life and weighed down by insignificant concerns. However, beneath the surface of this noise and disturbance, the works of Sijia Ke appear as a display of dreamy paintings, guiding us beyond the boundaries of reality into a world filled with imagination and creativity. The Light of Freedom Minying Han’s Silicon Valley Photography Exhibition This exhibition will showcase Minying Han’s latest achievements in the field of photographic art, presenting viewers with a visual celebration highlighting the power of contemporary women. We sincerely invite you to join us and experience the freedom of light, as well as the strength and charm of new women. Thresholds Shijie Hai’s New York Exhibition The exhibition theme “Thresholds” symbolizes the transitions (过渡) and transformations in life, reflecting the brief moments of change in the relationship between humans and their environment. Shijie Hai’s visual works will showcase two distinct yet interconnected series: “Territory” and “Fortikajo”. 1. What does “Alicia’s Speculations” aim to do? A. Reveal changes in our society. B. Inspire viewers’ passion for art creation. C. Showcase physical laws in everyday life. D. Challenge viewers’ understanding of reality. 2. What is the theme of “The Light of Freedom”? A. The downside of urban life. B. The power of modern women. C. The significance of light in physics. D. The concerns of contemporary people. 3. Which artist focuses on human-environmental relations? A. Xi Wang. B. Minying Han. C. Shijie Hai. D. Sijia Ke. B People usually wash their produce before eating to remove some remains from pesticides (农药). But are your fruits and vegetables really clean enough to eat? Now 14-year-old Sirish Subash from Georgia has won the 2024 3M Young Scientist Challenge for developing an AI-based handheld tool that is very accurate in finding pesticide residues (残留物). The ninth grader at the Gwinnett School of Mathematics, Science, and Technology in Snellville has received the title “America’s Top Young Scientist”, according to a press release from the 3M Company. Now in its 17th year, the challenge supports middle school students to think creatively and apply STEM principles to discover real-world solutions. When the finalists were chosen, they were paired with a 3M scientist who guided them over the summer to help transform their ideas from just concepts into models. Sirish spent four months competing against nine other finalists and secured his win at the final challenge events at 3M’s global headquarters in St. Paul, Minnesota. Sirish’s journey to winning the award came from watching his mother wash vegetables and fruits every day and caution him to always do so. He wondered whether washing actually made a difference. Since 70 percent of produce in the US has pestioide residues that are linked to illnesses like cancer and Alzheimer’s, it’s very important to know if the fruits and vegetables are safe to eat. That’s what PestiSCAND is designed to do. The device works by shining light on the surface of the produce and measuring the wavelengths that bounce back. Sirish has tested the device on more than 12,000 food samples including strawberries, apples, and tomatoes. PestiSCAND uses a sensor and an AI-based processor to achieve an accuracy of over 85 percent. Sirish aims at making this technology widely accessible so that consumers will be able to make safe food choices. But he still believes people should wash their produce anyway. He plans to use the $25,000 prize from the competition to help fund his educational goal of attending MIT. 4. Why was Sirish awarded “America’s Top Young Scientist”? A. He developed a new kind of pesticide. B. He invented a smart pesticide detector. C. He improved an AI-based handheld tool. D. He found a way to remove pesticide residues. 5. What inspired Sirish to make his achievement? A. His interest in the application of AI technology. B. His teacher’s guidance on scientific research. C. His family’s daily routine. D. His ambition to win a competition. 6. Which of the following can best describe Sirish? A. Curious and creative. B. Clever and courageous. C. Confident and knowledgeable. D. Devoted and responsible. 7. What does the text want to tell us? A. Actions speak louder than words. B. A good beginning is half done. C. Achievements are not about age. D. Many hands make light work. C After South American cane toads (甘蔗蟾蜍) were introduced to Australia in the 1930s to control pests (害虫), they damaged the country’s ecosystems — and their disturbance continues today. These animals release poison from their skin, killing pets and other animals that eat them. The yellow-spotted monitor, a big lizard (蜥蜴) found mainly in Australia, has been especially hard-hit; populations have declined by more than 90 percent in most areas where cane toads invaded (侵扰), with chain effects on the entire ecosystems. Now, to address the problem, scientists are experimenting with a surprising way to keep the lizards from eating the toads. For a study in Conservation Letters, researchers tested an idea: releasing cane toad eggs and youngsters in areas where monitors are present and adult toads are about to invade. Previous research had shown that monitors are only sickened — not killed — when they eat young cane toads, and that they therefore have a chance to learn to avoid the more poisonous adults in future encounters. For the new work, the researchers first identified seven areas in Australia’s Kimberley region that would soon be overrun by cane toads. They then released a total of about 200,000 eggs and young cane toads across three of the seven sites during two years’ wet seasons. The study found that monitor populations exposed to the young “teacher toads” often survived the adults’ invasion. In completely unexposed areas, however, the lizards virtually disappeared after the big toads showed up. “It’s a management strategy that’s now being adopted by wildlife management agencies based on our study,” says Georgia Ward-Fear, lead author of the study. “This research provides much hope for reducing the impacts of invasive species on native biodiversity,” says Jodi Rowley, a conservation biologist who wasn’t involved in the study. She adds, however, that although this approach is “extremely exciting,” each invasive species is likely to interact with its surroundings in different ways, and specific research is needed to find effective methods for protecting other animals and ecosystems. 8. How can the effects of introducing cane toads to Australia be described? A. Unexpected. B. Satisfying. C. Temporary. D. Insignificant. 9. What can we infer about cane toads? A. They use poison to hunt. B. Adults travel far to lay eggs. C. They are more active during wet seasons. D. Youngsters pose less of a threat than adults. 10. What can we say about the researchers’ experiment? A. It confirmed their assumptions. B. It changed their research goals. C. It disagreed with previous research. D. It inspired research on invasive species. 11. What is Jodi Rowley’s attitude to the new method? A. Unclear. B. Indifferent. C. Approving. D. Objective. D Since the first astronauts spent time in space, scientists have known that space travel affects the human body in strange ways. Muscle and bone mass decrease and the risk of conditions usually associated with old age, such as cancers and cataracts (白内障), ticks up. Why the human body should decline faster in space is still largely a mystery, but one that researchers are dealing with increasing urgency as civilian space travel becomes more feasible. In a recent study that involved sending muscle samples to the International Space Station, some 250 miles above Earth, researchers from Stanford Medicine found that the lack of gravity in space impairs the normal regenerative ability of muscle. The samples were grown from muscle cells donated by healthy volunteers to resemble the bundled structure of muscle fibres. They spent seven days growing in space, then frozen until their return to Earth. The researchers found notable similarities between muscle that had spent a week in microgravity (gravity aboard the International Space Station is about 0.1% of gravity on Earth) and muscle in older adults with sarcopenia (肌肉减少症), a muscle-wasting condition that develops over decades. Both indicated a shift toward more fatty acid metabolism (脂肪酸代谢) and a greater tendency toward cell death. The impaired regeneration could contribute to why astronauts’ muscles weaken even with regular exercise. “Microgravity is almost like an accelerated disease-forming platform and environment,” said Ngan Huang, PhD, senior author of the study published recently in Stem Cell Reports. “It’s important to understand how microgravity is affecting different tissues in the body, with muscle being one of the most essential ones because of how much of it we have in our bodies.” Huang’s team also tested drugs that partially prevented these impairments in the muscle samples, which could benefit space travellers and Earth-bound seniors — perhaps even senior space travellers alike. Ultimately, Huang, who is also a principal investigator at the Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System hopes to find ways to enhance muscle regeneration to heal severe muscle injuries, like those many Soldiers injured during wars. 12. Which of the following best describes the meaning of the underlined word in paragraph 2? A. Difficult to complete. B. Lawful to conduct. C. Expensive to attempt. D. Possible to achieve. 13. What can we learn about the muscle samples in the recent study? A. They developed sarcopenia after a week in space. B. They were collected directly from volunteers’ muscles. C. They may fail to function properly after returning from space. D. They were frozen due to the freezing temperatures in microgravity. 14. Why is microgravity described as an “accelerated disease-forming platform”? A. It stops muscle from recovering after injury. B. It reproduces long-term conditions in a shorter time. C. It affects astronauts with pre-existing conditions only. D. It speeds up cancer and cataracts development in astronauts. 15. What is Huang likely to focus on in future research? A. Proving space travel advances aging in astronauts. B. Investigating microgravity’s impact on muscle structure. C. Creating ways to boost muscle regeneration in critical injuries. D. Designing exercises to prevent muscle loss during space travel. 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 You have to make a speech. You have done your research and now have plenty of ideas bouncing around in your head that you want to get across. The big question you face at this point is how to organize those thoughts. ___16___ You need to brainstorm some supporting ideas and then figure out how those ideas fit together. These are just two cases that many people deal with frequently. Some use outlining to flesh out and organize their ideas, but is that the best strategy? ___17___ ___18___ This two-dimensional structure is designed to help you remember information because its format is easy for your mind to remember. More than 250 million people worldwide use them, so why don’t you have a try and see what they are all about? What is a mind map? Simply put, it is one’s ideas put into the form of a visual diagram that starts with a central idea. Put this idea in a bubble in the middle of a page with lines radiating out to other bubbles that contain related themes or concepts. ___19___ Use words, short phrases or images to express your ideas. And use color-coded bubbles for a visual representation of each branch’s connection. Studies have shown that this technique of using pictures, colors and visual arrangement has improved people’s recall and memory of information by 10 to 15 percent. ___20___ Creativity is aroused because of the spatial arrangement, enabling people to make more links and associations on topics of any kind. Additionally, it increases one’s productivity because mind mapping makes it easier to learn faster. So whether you’re in charge of a project or writing a research paper, make this technique a core part of your planning process! A. But it doesn’t stop there. B. It should look like a many-legged spider. C. This is a common problem that many people face. D. It has proven to increase not only productivity and creativity but also memory. E. Or perhaps you are planning to write a paper, and all you have is the main topic. F. If everyone thought in a linear manner, then the answer would be yes, but most people don’t. G. Enter mind mapping, a technique that shows how different ideas and facts relate to one another. 第二部分 语言运用（共两节；满分30分） 第一节 完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项 (A、B、C和D) 中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 No one is willing to fall ill, especially in a foreign country alone. ___21___ , such was exactly what happened to me. A few months ago, while I was engaged in a volunteering project in Mwanza, Tanzania, something ___22___ happened — I fell ill. Despite my ___23___ to take medicines and avoid unboiled water, I was hit hard. I was ___24___ to a clinic with a high fever and severe body pain. Alone and terrified, I even thought, at a certain moment, that it was the ___25___ . ___26___ a battery of tests, I received a diagnosis (诊断) of serious malaria. The doctor gave me injections and tablets, ___27___ I wouldn't have to be admitted to the hospital. I ___28___ taking the tablets, and desperately thinking “keep these down, keep these down!”, but nothing worked and I had to be ___29___. Tears coursed down my cheeks. I was ____30____ with fear. Then, a kind nurse ____31____ . She remained by my side for a full eight hours even after her shift ____32____ , gently holding my hand. Her presence was really a great ____33____ . Had it not been for her, I can't imagine how I could have ____34____ that night. The medicines gradually took effect and soon I was released. I never learned her name, yet the nurse has left a deep mark. It serves as a reminder that in the darkest times, a simple act of kindness can make a difference, crossing ____35____ and bringing warmth to strangers in need. 21. A. Regrettably B. Constantly C. Originally D. Consequently 22. A. awkward B. strange C. unrecorded D. undesired 23. A. failure B. opportunity C. ambition D. effort 24. A. recommended B. rushed C. assigned D. returned 25. A. choice B. wisdom C. end D. truth 26. A. Patient with B. Subsequent to C. Dependent on D. Concerned about 27. A. replying B. apologizing C. promising D. assuming 28. A. kept B. forgot C. delayed D. quit 29. A. investigated B. dismissed C. hospitalized D. distinguished 30. A. consumed B. equipped C. compared D. impressed 31. A. departed B. emerged C. passed D. called 32. A. increased B. continued C. occurred D. concluded 33. A. trick B. relief C. reminder D. success 34. A. weathered B. described C. witnessed D. enjoyed 35. A. ages B. races C. boundaries D. genders 第二节 语篇填空（共10小题, 每小题1.5分, 满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The Taklimakan Desert, infamous as the “Sea of Death”, has now been fully encircled by the longest sand-blocking green ecological barrier, ____36____ length reaches an impressive 3,046 kilometers, ____37____ (mark) the completion of over 40 years of efforts to contain the desert expansion within a safety zone. Covering 337,600 square kilometers, the Taklimakan is China’s largest drifting desert, which poses an ____38____ (increasing) alarming threat to surrounding oases (绿洲) and serves as a significant source of dust storms and an upwind area for the country. In an effort to battle desertification and relieve the unfavorable effects of shifting sands and dust storms ____39____ nearby residents, the “Green Great Wall” has gradually emerged. So far, alongside the green belt, efforts ____40____ (make) to promote the development of sand-related industries, such as ceramics and pottery. The green belt not only acts as ____41____ ecological barrier but also stabilizes agriculture, boosts Xinjiang’s economic development, and highlights China’s technological and organizational strength in ecological governance. It is a shining example of ____42____ can be achieved through technological innovation and organizational capabilities. With a target ____43____ (restore) 2.34 million hectares of degraded land by 2030, this ongoing initiative will safeguard the environment and promote regional ____44____ (sustain) development. With the successful completion of the green barrier, this region, once ____45____ (trouble) by serious sandstorms, is set to see renewed vitality and dynamic ecosystems. 第三部分 写作（共三节；满分50分） 第一节 单词考查（共10小题, 每小题1分, 满分10分） 根据括号内中文或单词提示，在下面空格处填入一个符合句子意思和语法结构的词。 46. The company has a _________ (声誉) for producing high-quality products, which has attracted a loyal customer base over the years. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 47. They are looking for a _________(永久的) solution to the ongoing problem, rather than just a temporary fix that will only last for a short period of time. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 48. Despite the challenges, he remains optimistic; his friend, however, is quite_________ (悲观的) about their chances of success. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 49. He ________(频繁地) travels between his home and office due to the nature of his job, often having to attend meetings in different cities. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 50. Some people are more _________(敏感的) to criticism than others, taking even constructive feedback personally and becoming defensive. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 51. Under the _________ (指导) of our experienced coach, we won the championship, thanks to his strategic advice and motivational speeches. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 52. He has always been deeply_________ (commit) to his work, never giving up even in the face of difficulties. (所给词的适当形式填空) 53. She is a very_________ (tolerate) person who can accept different opinions and cultures. (所给词的适当形式填空) 54. The _________ (submit) time for the project is next Friday, so make sure you finish your work on time. (所给词的适当形式填空) 55. As an_________ (influence) figure in the industry, his opinions carry a lot of weight. (所给词的适当形式填空) 第二节（满分15分） 56. 假定你是校英文报记者李华，请你为学校本月举办的校园读书节写一篇活动报道，内容包括： 1.活动具体内容； 2.活动反响。 注意： 1.词数80左右； 2.可适当增加细节，使行文连贯。 参考词汇：校园读书节 Campus Reading Festival _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第三节（满分25分） 57. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 As I unzipped my lunchbox, the whole place was turned into a spicy curry (咖喱) dream. I immediately hid it under my seat, hoping no one would take notice. Mom had really outdone herself with masala — our family’s all-time favorite dish back in India. But today, it wasn’t just about me and my lunch. A warm smile on his face, Ricky invited me, a new transfer student from India to New York city, for lunch. “Ava, come sit here!” Ricky called out, gesturing towards a vacant seat. As I made my way over, memories of those awkward lunchtimes when I studied in Kansas, one of the most conservative states, flooded back. I could still recall how everyone would wrinkle their noses and stare curiously when I unpacked my Indian food. It always made me feel like an outsider, like I didn’t belong. Therefore, before my first day in this school, I had demanded my mom pack “normal” western-style food for me. I still remembered the look on her face upon hearing it, as she sighed in disappointment and confusion, “Isn’t there a moment when you feel proud of your origin?” That was hurting, but not more hurting than others’ giggles and whispers. Honestly, long queues were common in Indian restaurants in New York city, a cultural melting pot, but I wouldn’t take that risk. Unfortunately, this morning, Mom had forgotten to make sandwich or any “normal” food, so I had to bring leftovers from our dinner. At the thought of the possible oh-no-second (社死), I felt like being thrown into darkness. However, before I came back to reality, Ricky noticed my sneaking (躲躲藏藏). “What do you have for lunch?” he asked, his eyes twinkling with interest. I tried to brush it off (搪塞), claiming I wasn’t hungry. But Ricky wouldn’t let it go, and before I could protest, he had the lid of my lunchbox open and I prepared myself for such familiar responses as “Ew” or “What is that?” 注意： 1.续写词数应为150左右; 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 However, I did not get what I was expecting. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ After school, I found Mom preparing sandwich for tomorrow’s lunch. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 东莞市东华高级中学2024-2025学年第二学期教学质量检查（一） 东华松山湖高级中学 高二英语 （本试题共三部分，满分130分，考试时间120分钟） 第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中选出最佳选项。 A Exhibitions Alicia’s Speculations Xi Wang’s Silicon Valley Solo Exhibition In the “Alicia’s Speculations” exhibition, Xi Wang sets off on a journey of imagination, blurring (使模糊) the boundaries between reality and fantasy. He offers a look into an alternative reality where physical laws are bent, and reality is nothing but a delicate illusion (错觉). Hululi Sijia Ke’s New York Pastel Drawing Exhibition In the city, we are constantly surrounded by the noise of urban life and weighed down by insignificant concerns. However, beneath the surface of this noise and disturbance, the works of Sijia Ke appear as a display of dreamy paintings, guiding us beyond the boundaries of reality into a world filled with imagination and creativity. The Light of Freedom Minying Han’s Silicon Valley Photography Exhibition This exhibition will showcase Minying Han’s latest achievements in the field of photographic art, presenting viewers with a visual celebration highlighting the power of contemporary women. We sincerely invite you to join us and experience the freedom of light, as well as the strength and charm of new women. Thresholds Shijie Hai’s New York Exhibition The exhibition theme “Thresholds” symbolizes the transitions (过渡) and transformations in life, reflecting the brief moments of change in the relationship between humans and their environment. Shijie Hai’s visual works will showcase two distinct yet interconnected series: “Territory” and “Fortikajo”. 1. What does “Alicia’s Speculations” aim to do? A. Reveal changes in our society. B. Inspire viewers’ passion for art creation. C. Showcase physical laws in everyday life. D. Challenge viewers’ understanding of reality. 2. What is the theme of “The Light of Freedom”? A. The downside of urban life. B. The power of modern women. C. The significance of light in physics. D. The concerns of contemporary people. 3. Which artist focuses on human-environmental relations? A. Xi Wang. B. Minying Han. C. Shijie Hai. D. Sijia Ke. 【答案】1. D 2. B 3. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇应用文，文章介绍了几个艺术展览的相关信息。 【1题详解】 推理判断题。根据Alicia’s Speculations部分中“In the ‘Alicia’s Speculations’ exhibition, Xi Wang sets off on a journey of imagination, blurring (使模糊) the boundaries between reality and fantasy. He offers a look into an alternative reality where physical laws are bent, and reality is nothing but a delicate illusion (错觉).(在‘Alicia’s Speculations’展览中，王席开启了一场想象之旅，模糊了现实与幻想之间的界限。他提供了另一种现实的视角，在那里物理定律被扭曲了，现实只不过是一种微妙的错觉)”可知，‘Alicia’s Speculations’展览模糊了现实与幻想之间的界限，提供了另一种现实的视角，故该展览旨在挑战观众对现实的理解，故选D。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据The Light of Freedom部分中“This exhibition will showcase Minying Han’s latest achievements in the field of photographic art, presenting viewers with a visual celebration highlighting the power of contemporary women.(本次展览将展示韩敏颖在摄影艺术领域的最新成就，为观众呈现一场彰显当代女性力量的视觉盛宴)”可知，该展览的主题是“现代女性的力量”，故选B。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据Thresholds部分中“Shijie Hai’s New York Exhibition(海世杰纽约画展)”和“The exhibition theme ‘Thresholds’ symbolizes the transitions (过渡) and transformations in life, reflecting the brief moments of change in the relationship between humans and their environment.(展览主题‘临界值’象征着生活中的的过渡和转变，反映了人与环境之间关系的微妙变化)”可知，Shijie Hai的作品的重点是人与环境之间的关系，故选C。 B People usually wash their produce before eating to remove some remains from pesticides (农药). But are your fruits and vegetables really clean enough to eat? Now 14-year-old Sirish Subash from Georgia has won the 2024 3M Young Scientist Challenge for developing an AI-based handheld tool that is very accurate in finding pesticide residues (残留物). The ninth grader at the Gwinnett School of Mathematics, Science, and Technology in Snellville has received the title “America’s Top Young Scientist”, according to a press release from the 3M Company. Now in its 17th year, the challenge supports middle school students to think creatively and apply STEM principles to discover real-world solutions. When the finalists were chosen, they were paired with a 3M scientist who guided them over the summer to help transform their ideas from just concepts into models. Sirish spent four months competing against nine other finalists and secured his win at the final challenge events at 3M’s global headquarters in St. Paul, Minnesota. Sirish’s journey to winning the award came from watching his mother wash vegetables and fruits every day and caution him to always do so. He wondered whether washing actually made a difference. Since 70 percent of produce in the US has pestioide residues that are linked to illnesses like cancer and Alzheimer’s, it’s very important to know if the fruits and vegetables are safe to eat. That’s what PestiSCAND is designed to do. The device works by shining light on the surface of the produce and measuring the wavelengths that bounce back. Sirish has tested the device on more than 12,000 food samples including strawberries, apples, and tomatoes. PestiSCAND uses a sensor and an AI-based processor to achieve an accuracy of over 85 percent. Sirish aims at making this technology widely accessible so that consumers will be able to make safe food choices. But he still believes people should wash their produce anyway. He plans to use the $25,000 prize from the competition to help fund his educational goal of attending MIT. 4. Why was Sirish awarded “America’s Top Young Scientist”? A. He developed a new kind of pesticide. B. He invented a smart pesticide detector. C. He improved an AI-based handheld tool. D. He found a way to remove pesticide residues. 5. What inspired Sirish to make his achievement? A. His interest in the application of AI technology. B. His teacher’s guidance on scientific research. C. His family’s daily routine. D. His ambition to win a competition. 6. Which of the following can best describe Sirish? A. Curious and creative. B. Clever and courageous. C. Confident and knowledgeable. D. Devoted and responsible. 7. What does the text want to tell us? A. Actions speak louder than words. B. A good beginning is half done. C. Achievements are not about age. D. Many hands make light work. 【答案】4. B 5. C 6. A 7. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了14岁的Sirish Subash发明了一种基于人工智能的手持工具，用于准确检测农药残留，并因此获得了“美国顶尖年轻科学家”的称号。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段的“Now 14-year-old Sirish Subash from Georgia has won the 2024 3M Young Scientist Challenge for developing an AI-based handheld tool that is very accurate in finding pesticide residues (残留物).(现在，来自佐治亚州的14岁的Sirish Subash赢得了2024年3M青年科学家挑战赛，该挑战赛开发了一种基于人工智能的手持工具，该工具在寻找农药残留方面非常准确)”可知，Sirish因为发明了一种基于人工智能的手持工具，能够非常准确地检测农药残留，而获得了“美国顶尖年轻科学家”的称号。故选B。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段的“Sirish’s journey to winning the award came from watching his mother wash vegetables and fruits every day and caution him to always do so.(Sirish获得该奖项的旅程来自于看着他的母亲每天洗蔬菜和水果，并提醒他要经常这样做)”可知，Sirish的成就灵感来自于他每天看到母亲洗蔬菜和水果，并告诫他也要这样做。因此，他的家庭日常习惯激发了他的灵感。故选C。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段的“He wondered whether washing actually made a difference.(他好奇清洗是否真的有所作用)”可知，Sirish对清洗是否真的有用感到好奇，这表明他具有好奇心；根据第一段的“Now 14-year-old Sirish Subash from Georgia has won the 2024 3M Young Scientist Challenge for developing an AI-based handheld tool that is very accurate in finding pesticide residues (残留物).(现在，来自佐治亚州的14岁的Sirish Subash赢得了2024年3M青年科学家挑战赛，该挑战赛开发了一种基于人工智能的手持工具，该工具在寻找农药残留方面非常准确)”可知，Sirish发明了一种基于人工智能的手持工具来检测农药残留，这表明他具有创造力。由此可推知，Sirish是一个具有好奇心且有创造力的人。故选A。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。通读全文，特别是根据第一段的“Now 14-year-old Sirish Subash from Georgia has won the 2024 3M Young Scientist Challenge for developing an AI-based handheld tool that is very accurate in finding pesticide residues (残留物).(现在，来自佐治亚州的14岁的Sirish Subash赢得了2024年3M青年科学家挑战赛，该挑战赛开发了一种基于人工智能的手持工具，该工具在寻找农药残留方面非常准确)”可知，文章主要讲述了14岁的Sirish Subash因为发明了一种基于人工智能的手持工具来检测农药残留而获得了奖项，所以文章想要告诉读者“成就与年龄无关”。故选C。 C After South American cane toads (甘蔗蟾蜍) were introduced to Australia in the 1930s to control pests (害虫), they damaged the country’s ecosystems — and their disturbance continues today. These animals release poison from their skin, killing pets and other animals that eat them. The yellow-spotted monitor, a big lizard (蜥蜴) found mainly in Australia, has been especially hard-hit; populations have declined by more than 90 percent in most areas where cane toads invaded (侵扰), with chain effects on the entire ecosystems. Now, to address the problem, scientists are experimenting with a surprising way to keep the lizards from eating the toads. For a study in Conservation Letters, researchers tested an idea: releasing cane toad eggs and youngsters in areas where monitors are present and adult toads are about to invade. Previous research had shown that monitors are only sickened — not killed — when they eat young cane toads, and that they therefore have a chance to learn to avoid the more poisonous adults in future encounters. For the new work, the researchers first identified seven areas in Australia’s Kimberley region that would soon be overrun by cane toads. They then released a total of about 200,000 eggs and young cane toads across three of the seven sites during two years’ wet seasons. The study found that monitor populations exposed to the young “teacher toads” often survived the adults’ invasion. In completely unexposed areas, however, the lizards virtually disappeared after the big toads showed up. “It’s a management strategy that’s now being adopted by wildlife management agencies based on our study,” says Georgia Ward-Fear, lead author of the study. “This research provides much hope for reducing the impacts of invasive species on native biodiversity,” says Jodi Rowley, a conservation biologist who wasn’t involved in the study. She adds, however, that although this approach is “extremely exciting,” each invasive species is likely to interact with its surroundings in different ways, and specific research is needed to find effective methods for protecting other animals and ecosystems. 8. How can the effects of introducing cane toads to Australia be described? A. Unexpected. B. Satisfying. C. Temporary. D. Insignificant. 9. What can we infer about cane toads? A. They use poison to hunt. B. Adults travel far to lay eggs. C. They are more active during wet seasons. D. Youngsters pose less of a threat than adults. 10. What can we say about the researchers’ experiment? A. It confirmed their assumptions. B. It changed their research goals. C. It disagreed with previous research. D. It inspired research on invasive species. 11. What is Jodi Rowley’s attitude to the new method? A. Unclear. B. Indifferent. C. Approving. D. Objective. 【答案】8. A 9. D 10. A 11. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了甘蔗蟾蜍引入澳大利亚结果破坏了生态系统，为此研究人员开展了控制其影响的研究。 【8题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“After South American cane toads (甘蔗蟾蜍) were introduced to Australia in the 1930s to control pests (害虫), they damaged the country’s ecosystems — and their disturbance continues today.(20世纪30年代，为了控制害虫，南美洲的甘蔗蟾蜍被引入澳大利亚，它们破坏了该国的生态系统——它们的干扰一直持续到今天)”可知，甘蔗蟾蜍引入澳大利亚的影响是意想不到的。故选A。 【9题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“Previous research had shown that monitors are only sickened — not killed — when they eat young cane toads, and that they therefore have a chance to learn to avoid the more poisonous adults in future encounters.(先前的研究表明，当它们吃小蔗蜍时，它们只会生病，而不会被杀死，因此它们有机会学会在未来遇到更有毒的成年蔗蜍时避开它们)”可知，蜥蜴吃幼年蟾蜍只会生病而非死亡，从而学会避开毒性更强的成年蟾蜍。由此可推，幼年蟾蜍的威胁较小，故选D。 【10题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“For a study in Conservation Letters, researchers tested an idea: releasing cane toad eggs and youngsters in areas where monitors are present and adult toads are about to invade.(在《保护快报》上的一项研究中，研究人员测试了一个想法：在有监视器和成年蟾蜍即将入侵的地区释放蔗蜍卵和幼崽)”以及倒数第二段“The study found that monitor populations exposed to the young “teacher toads” often survived the adults’ invasion. In completely unexposed areas, however, the lizards virtually disappeared after the big toads showed up.(研究发现，接触到年轻“老师蟾蜍”的监测种群通常在成年蟾蜍的入侵中幸存下来。然而，在完全未暴露的地区，大蟾蜍出现后，蜥蜴几乎消失了)”可知，研究人员的实验证实了他们的假设。故选A。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段““This research provides much hope for reducing the impacts of invasive species on native biodiversity,” says Jodi Rowley, a conservation biologist who wasn’t involved in the study. She adds, however, that although this approach is “extremely exciting,” each invasive species is likely to interact with its surroundings in different ways, and specific research is needed to find effective methods for protecting other animals and ecosystems.(“这项研究为减少入侵物种对本地生物多样性的影响提供了很大的希望，”Jodi Rowley说，他是一位没有参与这项研究的保护生物学家。然而，她补充说，尽管这种方法“非常令人兴奋”，但每种入侵物种都可能以不同的方式与周围环境相互作用，需要专门的研究来找到保护其他动物和生态系统的有效方法)”可知，Jodi Rowley提到了新方法的好处以及存在的问题，说明对新方法的态度是客观的。故选D。 D Since the first astronauts spent time in space, scientists have known that space travel affects the human body in strange ways. Muscle and bone mass decrease and the risk of conditions usually associated with old age, such as cancers and cataracts (白内障), ticks up. Why the human body should decline faster in space is still largely a mystery, but one that researchers are dealing with increasing urgency as civilian space travel becomes more feasible. In a recent study that involved sending muscle samples to the International Space Station, some 250 miles above Earth, researchers from Stanford Medicine found that the lack of gravity in space impairs the normal regenerative ability of muscle. The samples were grown from muscle cells donated by healthy volunteers to resemble the bundled structure of muscle fibres. They spent seven days growing in space, then frozen until their return to Earth. The researchers found notable similarities between muscle that had spent a week in microgravity (gravity aboard the International Space Station is about 0.1% of gravity on Earth) and muscle in older adults with sarcopenia (肌肉减少症), a muscle-wasting condition that develops over decades. Both indicated a shift toward more fatty acid metabolism (脂肪酸代谢) and a greater tendency toward cell death. The impaired regeneration could contribute to why astronauts’ muscles weaken even with regular exercise. “Microgravity is almost like an accelerated disease-forming platform and environment,” said Ngan Huang, PhD, senior author of the study published recently in Stem Cell Reports. “It’s important to understand how microgravity is affecting different tissues in the body, with muscle being one of the most essential ones because of how much of it we have in our bodies.” Huang’s team also tested drugs that partially prevented these impairments in the muscle samples, which could benefit space travellers and Earth-bound seniors — perhaps even senior space travellers alike. Ultimately, Huang, who is also a principal investigator at the Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System hopes to find ways to enhance muscle regeneration to heal severe muscle injuries, like those many Soldiers injured during wars. 12. Which of the following best describes the meaning of the underlined word in paragraph 2? A. Difficult to complete. B. Lawful to conduct. C. Expensive to attempt. D. Possible to achieve. 13. What can we learn about the muscle samples in the recent study? A. They developed sarcopenia after a week in space. B. They were collected directly from volunteers’ muscles. C. They may fail to function properly after returning from space. D. They were frozen due to the freezing temperatures in microgravity. 14. Why is microgravity described as an “accelerated disease-forming platform”? A. It stops muscle from recovering after injury. B. It reproduces long-term conditions in a shorter time. C. It affects astronauts with pre-existing conditions only. D. It speeds up cancer and cataracts development in astronauts. 15. What is Huang likely to focus on in future research? A. Proving space travel advances aging in astronauts. B. Investigating microgravity’s impact on muscle structure. C. Creating ways to boost muscle regeneration in critical injuries. D. Designing exercises to prevent muscle loss during space travel. 【答案】12. D 13. C 14. B 15. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了科学家发现太空的微重力环境会损害肌肉的正常再生能力，而这种症状和老年人的肌肉所患症状有相似性。 【12题详解】 词句猜测题。根据“researchers are dealing with increasing urgency as civilian space travel becomes more feasible(随着民用太空旅行变得更加feasible，研究人员正在处理越来越紧迫的问题)”并结合常识可知，民用太空旅行变得越来越可行，所以研究人员才处理与太空旅行有关的紧迫问题，feasible意为“可行的”，与D项“可能实现的”意思一致。故选D。 【13题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段中的“The researchers found notable similarities between muscle that had spent a week in microgravity (gravity aboard the International Space Station is about 0.1% of gravity on Earth) and muscle in older adults with sarcopenia(肌肉减少症), a muscle-wasting condition that develops over decades.(研究人员发现，在微重力环境（国际空间站上的重力约为地球重力的0.1%）下一周的肌肉与患有肌肉减少症的老年人的肌肉之间存在显著相似之处，肌肉减少症是一种数十年来发展的肌肉萎缩症状)”可知，在微重力环境下一周的肌肉和患有肌肉减少症的老年人的肌肉之间有明显的相似之处，由此可推测出，肌肉样品从太空回来之后可能无法像正常肌肉一样运转。故选C。 【14题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段中的“The researchers found notable similarities between muscle that had spent a week in microgravity (gravity aboard the International Space Station is about 0.1% of gravity on Earth) and muscle in older adults with sarcopenia(肌肉减少症), a muscle-wasting condition that develops over decades.(研究人员发现，在微重力环境（国际空间站上的重力约为地球重力的0.1%）下度过一周的肌肉与患有肌肉减少症的老年人的肌肉之间存在显著相似之处，肌肉减少症是一种数十年来发展的肌肉萎缩症状)”可知，在微重力环境下一周的肌肉与老年人在数十年里萎缩的肌肉之间有明显相似之处，由此可推测出，微重力能够在较短时间里让慢性病产生，所以被称为加速疾病形成的平台。故选B。 【15题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Ultimately, Huang, who is also a principal investigator at the Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System hopes to find ways to enhance muscle regeneration to heal severe muscle injuries, like those many Soldiers injured during wars.(最终，黄也是帕洛阿托退伍军人事务医疗保健系统的首席研究员，她希望找到促进肌肉再生的方法来治疗严重的肌肉损伤，例如许多在战争中受伤的士兵)”可推知，黄在未来可能专注于寻找方法来促进严重受损的肌肉再生。故选C。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 You have to make a speech. You have done your research and now have plenty of ideas bouncing around in your head that you want to get across. The big question you face at this point is how to organize those thoughts. ___16___ You need to brainstorm some supporting ideas and then figure out how those ideas fit together. These are just two cases that many people deal with frequently. Some use outlining to flesh out and organize their ideas, but is that the best strategy? ___17___ ___18___ This two-dimensional structure is designed to help you remember information because its format is easy for your mind to remember. More than 250 million people worldwide use them, so why don’t you have a try and see what they are all about? What is a mind map? Simply put, it is one’s ideas put into the form of a visual diagram that starts with a central idea. Put this idea in a bubble in the middle of a page with lines radiating out to other bubbles that contain related themes or concepts. ___19___ Use words, short phrases or images to express your ideas. And use color-coded bubbles for a visual representation of each branch’s connection. Studies have shown that this technique of using pictures, colors and visual arrangement has improved people’s recall and memory of information by 10 to 15 percent. ___20___ Creativity is aroused because of the spatial arrangement, enabling people to make more links and associations on topics of any kind. Additionally, it increases one’s productivity because mind mapping makes it easier to learn faster. So whether you’re in charge of a project or writing a research paper, make this technique a core part of your planning process! A. But it doesn’t stop there. B. It should look like a many-legged spider. C. This is a common problem that many people face. D. It has proven to increase not only productivity and creativity but also memory. E. Or perhaps you are planning to write a paper, and all you have is the main topic. F. If everyone thought in a linear manner, then the answer would be yes, but most people don’t. G. Enter mind mapping, a technique that shows how different ideas and facts relate to one another. 【答案】16. E 17. F 18. G 19. B 20. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍人们组织想法常遇难题，探讨大纲策略优劣后引入思维导图，阐述其构建方式及助记忆、提创造力与生产力的作用。 【16题详解】 由上文“The big question you face at this point is how to organize those thoughts. (此时你面临的大问题是如何组织这些想法。)”可知，这里强调面临如何组织想法的问题，而E项“Or perhaps you are planning to write a paper, and all you have is the main topic. (或者也许你正计划写一篇论文，而你所拥有的只是主题。) ”进一步列举了另一种类似的情况，即写论文时只有主题，同样面临组织想法的问题，与上文形成并列，有补充说明的作用。故选E项。 【17题详解】 由上文“Some use outlining to flesh out and organize their ideas, but is that the best strategy? (有些人用大纲来充实和组织他们的想法，但这是最好的策略吗？)”可知，这里提出大纲是否是最佳策略的疑问，而F项“If everyone thought in a linear manner, then the answer would be yes, but most people don’t. (如果每个人都以线性方式思考，那么答案会是肯定的，但大多数人不是。) ”对上文提出的问题进行了回应，解释了大纲并非对所有人来说都是最佳策略的原因，与上文的疑问相呼应。故选F项。 【18题详解】 由下文“This two-dimensional structure is designed to help you remember information because its format is easy for your mind to remember. More than 250 million people worldwide use them, so why don’t you have a try and see what they are all about? (这种二维结构旨在帮助你记住信息，因为它的格式很容易被你的大脑记住。全球有超过2.5亿人在使用它们，所以为什么不试试，看看它们到底是什么呢？)”可知，下文介绍了一种帮助记忆信息的二维结构。而G项“Enter mind mapping, a technique that shows how different ideas and facts relate to one another. (来了解思维导图，这是一种展示不同想法和事实如何相互关联的技术。)”引出了思维导图这一概念，正是下文所描述的内容，起到了承上启下的作用。故选G项。 【19题详解】 由上文“Put this idea in a bubble in the middle of a page with lines radiating out to other bubbles that contain related themes or concepts. (把这个想法放在页面中间的一个气泡里，用线条向外辐射到其他包含相关主题或概念的气泡上。)”可知，这里描述了思维导图的构建方式，而B项“It should look like a many-legged spider. (它应该看起来像一只多腿的蜘蛛。)”形象地描述了按照上文方式构建出来的思维导图的样子，与上文对思维导图构建的描述相呼应。故选B项。 【20题详解】 由上文“Studies have shown that this technique of using pictures, colors and visual arrangement has improved people’s recall and memory of information by 10 to 15 percent. (研究表明，这种使用图片、颜色和视觉排列的技术使人们对信息的回忆和记忆提高了 10% 到 15%。)”可知，这里阐述了思维导图对记忆的作用。而A项“But it doesn’t stop there. (但不止如此。)”表示递进，引出下文“Creativity is aroused because of the spatial arrangement, enabling people to make more links and associations on topics of any kind. Additionally, it increases one’s productivity because mind mapping makes it easier to learn faster. (由于空间排列激发了创造力，使人们能够在任何主题上建立更多的联系和联想。此外，它还提高了人们的生产力，因为思维导图使学习更容易、更快。)”，进一步说明思维导图在创造力和生产力方面的作用。故选A项。 第二部分 语言运用（共两节；满分30分） 第一节 完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项 (A、B、C和D) 中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 No one is willing to fall ill, especially in a foreign country alone. ___21___ , such was exactly what happened to me. A few months ago, while I was engaged in a volunteering project in Mwanza, Tanzania, something ___22___ happened — I fell ill. Despite my ___23___ to take medicines and avoid unboiled water, I was hit hard. I was ___24___ to a clinic with a high fever and severe body pain. Alone and terrified, I even thought, at a certain moment, that it was the ___25___ . ___26___ a battery of tests, I received a diagnosis (诊断) of serious malaria. The doctor gave me injections and tablets, ___27___ I wouldn't have to be admitted to the hospital. I ___28___ taking the tablets, and desperately thinking “keep these down, keep these down!”, but nothing worked and I had to be ___29___. Tears coursed down my cheeks. I was ____30____ with fear. Then, a kind nurse ____31____ . She remained by my side for a full eight hours even after her shift ____32____ , gently holding my hand. Her presence was really a great ____33____ . Had it not been for her, I can't imagine how I could have ____34____ that night. The medicines gradually took effect and soon I was released. I never learned her name, yet the nurse has left a deep mark. It serves as a reminder that in the darkest times, a simple act of kindness can make a difference, crossing ____35____ and bringing warmth to strangers in need. 21. A. Regrettably B. Constantly C. Originally D. Consequently 22. A. awkward B. strange C. unrecorded D. undesired 23. A. failure B. opportunity C. ambition D. effort 24. A. recommended B. rushed C. assigned D. returned 25. A. choice B. wisdom C. end D. truth 26. A. Patient with B. Subsequent to C. Dependent on D. Concerned about 27. A. replying B. apologizing C. promising D. assuming 28. A. kept B. forgot C. delayed D. quit 29. A. investigated B. dismissed C. hospitalized D. distinguished 30. A. consumed B. equipped C. compared D. impressed 31. A. departed B. emerged C. passed D. called 32. A. increased B. continued C. occurred D. concluded 33. A. trick B. relief C. reminder D. success 34. A. weathered B. described C. witnessed D. enjoyed 35. A. ages B. races C. boundaries D. genders 【答案】21. A 22. D 23. D 24. B 25. C 26. B 27. C 28. A 29. C 30. A 31. B 32. D 33. B 34. A 35. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者独自在异国他乡做志愿者时意外生病得到陌生人的照料的经历，表明小小的善意就可以产生很大的影响。 【21题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：遗憾的是，这正是发生在我身上的事情。 A. Regrettably遗憾的是；B. Constantly不断地；C. Originally最初；D. Consequently因此。根据上文“No one is willing to fall ill, especially in a foreign country alone.”和下文“such was exactly what happened to me”可知，没人愿意生病，尤其是独自在国外，而这样的事情却发生在作者身上了，所以应是遗憾地，故选A。 【22题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：几个月前，当我在坦桑尼亚的姆万扎参加一个志愿者项目时，一件不希望发生的事情发生了——我生病了。A. awkward尴尬的；B. strange奇怪的；C. unrecorded未记录的；D. undesired不希望得到的。根据下文“I fell ill”可知，此处是不希望发生的事情，故选D。 【23题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管我努力吃药，不喝生水，但我还是病的很重。A. failure失败；B. opportunity机会；C. ambition抱负；D. effort努力。根据Despite和下文“I was hit hard”可知，上下文转折关系，尽管作者努力吃药，还是病的很重，故选D。 【24题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我发高烧，身体剧烈疼痛，被紧急送往诊所。A. recommended推荐；B. rushed急忙送去；C. assigned分配；D. returned返回。根据下文“with a high fever and severe body pain”可知，发高烧，身体剧烈疼痛，所以应该是紧急送去诊所，故选B。 【25题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我又孤单又害怕，在某个时刻，我甚至以为到了末日。 A. choice选择；B. wisdom智慧；C. end终点；D. truth事实。根据上文“with a high fever and severe body pain”和“Alone and terrified”可知，作者病的很重，并且还孤独害怕，所以甚至以为到了末日，也就生命的终点，故选C。 【26题详解】 考查形容词短语辨析。句意：经过一系列的检查，我被诊断患有严重的疟疾。A. Patient with对……有信心；B. Subsequent to在……之后；C. Dependent on依赖；D. Concerned about关心。根据“I received a diagnosis (诊断) of serious malaria”可知，作者被诊断患有严重的疟疾，所以是检查之后，故选B。 【27题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：医生给我打针和吃药，承诺我不必住院。A. replying回答；B. apologizing道歉；C. promising承诺；D. assuming假定。 根据上文“The doctor gave me injections and tablets”和下文“I wouldn't have to be admitted to the hospital”可知，如果作者可以打针吃药，医生就承诺作者不必住院，故选C。 【28题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我不停地吃药片，拼命地想：“不要吐，不要吐！”但都不起作用，我不得不住院。 A. kept持续；B. forgot忘记；C. delayed延迟；D. quit放弃。根据上文“___7___ I wouldn't have to be admitted to the hospital”和下文“and desperately thinking “keep these down, keep these down!””可知，如果作者能吃药，医生承诺不用住院，所以作者不停地的吃药，故选A。 【29题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. investigated调查；B. dismissed解雇；C. hospitalized住院；D. distinguished区分。根据上文“I ___8___ taking the tablets, and desperately thinking “keep these down, keep these down!”, but nothing worked”可知，作者不停地吃药，是因为不想住院，但是却都吐了，所以最后不得不住院，故选C。 【30题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我被恐惧吞噬了。A. consumed吞噬；B. equipped装备；C. compared对比；D. impressed使印象深刻。根据“Tears coursed down my cheeks.”可知，作者知道不得不住院后哭了，所以推断是被恐惧吞噬，be consumed with意为“被……吞噬”，故选A。 【31题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这时，一位好心的护士出现了。A. departed离开；B. emerged出现；C. passed经过；D. called呼叫。根据下文“She remained by my side for a full eight hours”可知，一位好心的护士出现了，故选B。 【32题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：甚至在她轮班结束后，她还在我身边待了整整8小时，轻轻的握着我的手。A. increased增加；B. continued继续；C. occurred发生；D. concluded结束。根据前文“a kind nurse”和上文 “She remained by my side for a full eight hours”可知，这位护士很善良，为了安慰和照顾作者，即使在轮班结束后仍然待了整整8小时，故选D。 【33题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：她的出现确实使我松了一口气。A. trick诡计；B. relief安慰；C. reminder提醒；D. success成功。根据下文“Had it not been for her, I can't imagine how I could have ___14___ that night.”可知，这位护士的出现给了作者安慰，故选B。 【34题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果没有她，我无法想象我是如何渡过那个夜晚的。 A. weathered平安渡过；B. described描述；C. witnessed见证；D. enjoyed享受。根据上文“Her presence was really a great ___13___ .”可知，这位善良护士的出现给了作者安慰，所以没有她，作者不知该怎样渡过那一晚，故选A。 【35题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：它提醒我们，在最黑暗的时刻，一个简单的善举可以改变世界，跨越国界，给需要帮助的陌生人带来温暖。A. ages年龄；B. races种族；C. boundaries界限；D. genders性别。 根据文章开头“No one is willing to fall ill, especially in a foreign country alone”可知，作者在国外，所以应是一个简单的善举能产生影响，即使跨越国界，故选C。 第二节 语篇填空（共10小题, 每小题1.5分, 满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The Taklimakan Desert, infamous as the “Sea of Death”, has now been fully encircled by the longest sand-blocking green ecological barrier, ____36____ length reaches an impressive 3,046 kilometers, ____37____ (mark) the completion of over 40 years of efforts to contain the desert expansion within a safety zone. Covering 337,600 square kilometers, the Taklimakan is China’s largest drifting desert, which poses an ____38____ (increasing) alarming threat to surrounding oases (绿洲) and serves as a significant source of dust storms and an upwind area for the country. In an effort to battle desertification and relieve the unfavorable effects of shifting sands and dust storms ____39____ nearby residents, the “Green Great Wall” has gradually emerged. So far, alongside the green belt, efforts ____40____ (make) to promote the development of sand-related industries, such as ceramics and pottery. The green belt not only acts as ____41____ ecological barrier but also stabilizes agriculture, boosts Xinjiang’s economic development, and highlights China’s technological and organizational strength in ecological governance. It is a shining example of ____42____ can be achieved through technological innovation and organizational capabilities. With a target ____43____ (restore) 2.34 million hectares of degraded land by 2030, this ongoing initiative will safeguard the environment and promote regional ____44____ (sustain) development. With the successful completion of the green barrier, this region, once ____45____ (trouble) by serious sandstorms, is set to see renewed vitality and dynamic ecosystems. 【答案】36. whose 37. marking 38. increasingly 39. on##upon 40. have been made 41. an 42. what 43. to restore 44. sustainable 45. troubled 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了中国在塔克拉玛干沙漠周围建成的绿色生态屏障及其意义。 【36题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：塔克拉玛干沙漠素有“死亡之海”的恶名，如今已被世界上最长的防沙绿色生态屏障完全包围，其长度达到了惊人的3046公里，标志着40多年来将沙漠扩张控制在安全区内的努力已经完成。本空引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词barrier，关系词代替先行词在从句中作定语，应用关系代词whose引导。故填whose。 【37题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意同上。本句谓语为has now been fully encircled，此处为非谓语动词，此处表示一种自然而然的结果，应用mark“标志着”的现在分词，作结果状语。故填marking。 【38题详解】 考查副词。句意：塔克拉玛干沙漠面积33.76万平方公里，是中国最大的流动沙漠，对周边绿洲构成了日益严峻的威胁，是我国沙尘暴的重要来源地和上风区。本空修饰形容词alarming，用副词increasingly“日益，越来越多地”，作状语。故填increasingly。 【39题详解】 考查介词。句意：为了治理沙漠化，减轻流沙和沙尘暴对附近居民的不利影响，“绿色长城”逐渐形成。effects on/upon表示 “对……的影响”，用介词on/upon。故填on。 【40题详解】 考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：到目前为止，除了绿化带，还在努力促进与沙子有关的产业的发展，如陶瓷和陶器。根据时间状语So far可知，时态用现在完成时，主语efforts和make为被动关系，应用现在完成时的被动语态，主语是复数，助动词用have。故填have been made。 【41题详解】 考查冠词。句意：绿色带不仅是一道生态屏障，而且稳定了农业，促进了新疆的经济发展，突出了中国在生态治理方面的技术和组织实力。此处表示泛指“一道生态屏障”，且ecological以元音音素开头，应用不定冠词an。故填an。 【42题详解】 考查宾语从句。句意：这是通过技术创新和组织能力可以实现的目标的光辉典范。本空引导宾语从句，从句缺少主语，指物，应用连接代词what引导。故填what。 【43题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：这一持续的倡议的目标是到2030年恢复234万公顷退化土地，这将保护环境，促进区域可持续发展。此处为不定式作后置定语，且该动作还未发生，故用不定式形式。故填to restore。 【44题详解】 考查形容词。句意同上。本空修饰名词development，用形容词sustainable“可持续的”，作定语。故填sustainable。 【45题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：随着绿色屏障的成功建成，这个曾经饱受严重沙尘暴困扰的地区将重新焕发生机和活力，生态系统也将充满活力。当状语从句的主语与主句的主语一致时或从句主语为it，且从句含有be动词时，可以省略状语从句的主语和be动词。本句中的状语从句完整形式为once this region was troubled by serious sandstorms，省去主语和was，保留过去分词。故填troubled。 第三部分 写作（共三节；满分50分） 第一节 单词考查（共10小题, 每小题1分, 满分10分） 根据括号内中文或单词提示，在下面空格处填入一个符合句子意思和语法结构的词。 46. The company has a _________ (声誉) for producing high-quality products, which has attracted a loyal customer base over the years. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】reputation 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：该公司以生产高质量的产品而闻名，多年来吸引了忠实的客户群。根据汉语提示可知用名词reputation，作宾语，故填reputation。 47. They are looking for a _________(永久的) solution to the ongoing problem, rather than just a temporary fix that will only last for a short period of time. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】permanent 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：他们正在寻找一个针对当前问题的永久性解决方案，而不是只能维持短时间的临时修补措施。此处需形容词作前置定语，“永久的”对应的英文单词是 permanent，与 temporary形成对比。故填permanent。 48. Despite the challenges, he remains optimistic; his friend, however, is quite_________ (悲观的) about their chances of success. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】pessimistic 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：尽管面临挑战，他依然保持乐观；然而，他的朋友对他们成功的机会相当悲观。空格处需要填入形容词做表语，“悲观的”在英语中为 pessimistic，与句中optimistic形成对比关系。故填pessimistic。 49. He ________(频繁地) travels between his home and office due to the nature of his job, often having to attend meetings in different cities. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】frequently 【解析】 【详解】考查副词。句意：由于工作的性质，他经常往返于家和办公室之间，经常要在不同的城市参加会议。根据汉语提示可知用副词frequently，修饰动词travel。故填frequently。 50. Some people are more _________(敏感的) to criticism than others, taking even constructive feedback personally and becoming defensive. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】sensitive 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：有些人对批评比其他人更敏感，甚至把建设性的反馈当作个人的意见，变得有戒心。空格处用形容词作表语，“敏感”的形容词是sensitive，故填sensitive。 51. Under the _________ (指导) of our experienced coach, we won the championship, thanks to his strategic advice and motivational speeches. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】guidance 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：在我们经验丰富的教练的指导下，我们赢得了冠军，这要归功于他的战略建议和励志演讲。根据汉语提示可知用名词guidance，作宾语，故填guidance。 52. He has always been deeply_________ (commit) to his work, never giving up even in the face of difficulties. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】 committed 【解析】 【详解】考查动词。句意：他一直对工作全身心投入，即使在困难面前也从未放弃。空格需要填入一个形容词或过去分词，构成 固定结构“be committed to…”。commit 的过去分词是 committed，这里作形容词，表示“忠诚的，投入的”。故填 committed。 53. She is a very_________ (tolerate) person who can accept different opinions and cultures. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】tolerant 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：她是一个非常宽容的人，可以接受不同的观点和文化。修饰名词person用形容词tolerant，故填tolerant。 54. The _________ (submit) time for the project is next Friday, so make sure you finish your work on time. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】submission 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：项目的提交时间是下周五，所以一定要按时完成工作。分析句子可知，这里考查submission time表示“提交时间”，在句中作主语，submission，表“提交”，为名词，在本句中作定语修饰后面名词。故填submission。 55. As an_________ (influence) figure in the industry, his opinions carry a lot of weight. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】influential 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：作为业内有影响力的人物，他的意见很有分量。修饰名词figure用形容词influential，作定语。故填influential。 第二节（满分15分） 56. 假定你是校英文报记者李华，请你为学校本月举办的校园读书节写一篇活动报道，内容包括： 1.活动具体内容； 2.活动反响。 注意： 1.词数80左右； 2.可适当增加细节，使行文连贯。 参考词汇：校园读书节 Campus Reading Festival _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】范文 Campus Reading Festival Sparks Enthusiasm Among Students This month, our school organized the Campus Reading Festival, aimed at fostering a love for literature among students. The festival featured a diverse range of activities, including book fairs, author talks, and reading competitions. Participants had the chance to explore new genres, interact with renowned authors, and showcase their literary skills. The response was overwhelmingly positive. Students eagerly engaged in every event, expressing enthusiasm for discovering new books and expanding their literary horizons. Overall, the Campus Reading Festival proved to be a resounding success, inspiring a renewed interest in literature across campus. 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生为学校举办的校园读书节写一篇活动报道。 【详解】1.词汇积累 培养：foster→develop 喜爱：love→affection 各种各样：a diverse range of→various 展示：showcase→display 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Overall, the Campus Reading Festival proved to be a resounding success, inspiring a renewed interest in literature across campus. 拓展句：Overall, the Campus Reading Festival proved to be a resounding success, which inspired a renewed interest in literature across campus. 【点睛】【高分句型1】This month, our school organized the Campus Reading Festival, aimed at fostering a love for literature among students.（运用了动名词作宾语） 【高分句型2】Overall, the Campus Reading Festival proved to be a resounding success, inspiring a renewed interest in literature across campus.（运用了现在分词作状语） 第三节（满分25分） 57. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 As I unzipped my lunchbox, the whole place was turned into a spicy curry (咖喱) dream. I immediately hid it under my seat, hoping no one would take notice. Mom had really outdone herself with masala — our family’s all-time favorite dish back in India. But today, it wasn’t just about me and my lunch. A warm smile on his face, Ricky invited me, a new transfer student from India to New York city, for lunch. “Ava, come sit here!” Ricky called out, gesturing towards a vacant seat. As I made my way over, memories of those awkward lunchtimes when I studied in Kansas, one of the most conservative states, flooded back. I could still recall how everyone would wrinkle their noses and stare curiously when I unpacked my Indian food. It always made me feel like an outsider, like I didn’t belong. Therefore, before my first day in this school, I had demanded my mom pack “normal” western-style food for me. I still remembered the look on her face upon hearing it, as she sighed in disappointment and confusion, “Isn’t there a moment when you feel proud of your origin?” That was hurting, but not more hurting than others’ giggles and whispers. Honestly, long queues were common in Indian restaurants in New York city, a cultural melting pot, but I wouldn’t take that risk. Unfortunately, this morning, Mom had forgotten to make sandwich or any “normal” food, so I had to bring leftovers from our dinner. At the thought of the possible oh-no-second (社死), I felt like being thrown into darkness. However, before I came back to reality, Ricky noticed my sneaking (躲躲藏藏). “What do you have for lunch?” he asked, his eyes twinkling with interest. I tried to brush it off (搪塞), claiming I wasn’t hungry. But Ricky wouldn’t let it go, and before I could protest, he had the lid of my lunchbox open and I prepared myself for such familiar responses as “Ew” or “What is that?” 注意： 1.续写词数应为150左右; 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 However, I did not get what I was expecting. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ After school, I found Mom preparing sandwich for tomorrow’s lunch. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】However, I did not get what I was expecting. Ricky took a deep breath, closed his eyes, and savored the aroma of the masala. Instead of the usual stares and whispers, there was only interest on Ricky’s face. His face lit up with a broad smile, asking, “You mum made masala for your lunch?” Before I could make a response, he added: “I could be dying of envy! You know what, last Sunday, my parents and I queued up for three hours in harsh cold in fifth Avenue for the new India restaurant.” He enjoyed every bite, nodding his head in approval. It was a welcome change from the stares and whispers I had grown accustomed to. After school, I found Mom preparing sandwich for tomorrow’s lunch. I came over and asked if I could have palak paneer in my lunchbox, which made her a bit confused. Finally, I told her about my experience with Ricky and how he had enjoyed my food. Mom’s face lit up with joy. “I’m glad he liked it,” she said. “And I’m even happier that you’re starting to feel proud of your roots again.” She paused and looked at me seriously. “Your culture, your traditions, and your food are all a part of who you are.” I nodded, feeling a sense of relief wash over me. Mom’s words had given me the courage to embrace my identity and share my culture with others. 【解析】 【导语】本文以午餐为线索展开，讲述了作者从印度转学到纽约，作为午餐，妈妈准备了他们家在印度一直以来最喜欢的菜——玛莎拉，但和其他同学的西餐不一样，其他同学感到很奇怪，作者感到自己被孤立了，所以要求妈妈为自己做西餐。结果一天妈妈忘记了做西餐，又做了玛莎拉，作者怕被其他同学看到，把午餐藏了起来。然而被同学Ricky发现了，Ricky打开了作者午餐盒的盖子，作者原想Ricky可能又是一番讨厌，结果这饭菜却是Ricky感兴趣，爱吃的，作者很高兴自己的饮食文化被同学认同，不再为自己的饭菜而尴尬了。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“然而，我没有得到我所预料的。”可知，第一段可描写Ricky的表现和作者的预料完全不同，他对玛莎拉很感兴趣。 ②由第二段首句内容“放学后，我发现妈妈正在为明天的午餐准备三明治。”可知，第二段可描写作者告诉妈妈自己的饭菜得到同学的认同，妈妈非常高兴。 2.续写线索：感兴趣——询问——喜欢吃——告知妈妈——高兴——感悟 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①. 询问：ask/question ②. 告知：tell/inform 情绪类 ①. 兴趣：interest/taste ②. 高兴：happy/pleased/delighted 【点睛】 [高分句型1]. His face lit up with a broad smile, asking, “You mum made masala for your lunch?”(由非谓语动词现在分词作状语) [高分句型2]. I came over and asked if I could have palak paneer in my lunchbox, which made her a bit confused. (由关系代词which引导非限制性定语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $