新课标词汇2-2025年新课标词汇中考特训冲关：测-讲-练

新课标词汇2自测练习 (英译汉) 2025年新课标词汇中考特训 冲关：测-讲-练 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1.baby * 2.back * 3.background 4.bad * 5.badminton 6.bag * 7.balance 8.ball * 9.balloon 10.bamboo 11.banana * 12.band 13.bank 14.baseball 15.basic 16.basketball * 17.bat 18.bath 19.bathroom 20.be (am, is, are) * 21.beach * 22.bean 23.bear * 24.beat 25.beautiful * 26.because * 27.become 28.bed * 29.bedroom 30.bee 31.beef 32.before * 33.begin * 34.behave 35.behind * 36.believe 37.bell 38.belong 39.below 40.belt 41.benefit 42.beside * 43.best * 44.better 45.between 46.big * 47.bike (=bicycle) * 48.bill 49.bin 50.biology 51.bird * 52.birth 53.birthday * 54.biscuit 55.bit 56.black * 57.blackboard * 58.bleed 59.blind 60.block 61.blood 62.blouse 63.blow 64.blue * 65.board 66.boat * 67.body * 68.boil 69.book * 70.boring 71.born 72.borrow 73.boss 74.both 75.bottle 76.bottom 77.bowl 78.box * 79.boy * 80.brain 81.brave 82.bread * 83.break 84.breakfast * 85.breath 86.bridge 87.bright 88.bring * 89.brother * 90.brown * 91.brush 92.budget 93.build 94.building 95.bully 96.burn 97.bus * 98.business 99.busy * 100.but * $$ 新课标词汇2冲关练习 2025年新课标词汇中考特训 冲关：测-讲-练 一、单项选择 1.—I think Wu Jing acts ________ in the movie The Wandering Earth II.（2023年菏泽中考真题） —Me, too. He is one of my favorite Chinese actors. A. best B. worst C. earliest 2.Jack: When it thunders (打雷), why do we see lightning (闪电) first, then hear thunder?Tom: Because our eyes are _______ ears. Ha - ha! Just a joke! (2024年东营中考真题） A. Before B. opposite C. between D. beside 3. —I think Wu Jing acts ________ in the movie The Wandering Earth II. (2023年菏泽中考真题） —Me, too. He is one of my favorite Chinese actors.(2023年北京中考真题） A. best B. worst C. earliest 4.—Which do you like ________ swimming or skating? —Swimming. A. well B. better C. best D. the best 5.Han Hong is a talented singer. She can not only sing ______ but also write her own songs. A. quietly B. clearly C. loudly D. beautifully 6.Life isn't always perfect but it's up to you to make your life ________. A. better B. richer C. easier D. busier 7.Little Kate is only 4 years old, _________ she can help with a lot of housework. A. or B. so C. but D. because 8.It's important for students to____ A.break B.play C. follow D. refuse
 9.— Lucy, how about going to the      ? — Sounds great! Reading books can give us much pleasure. A. library                      B. cinema                     C. museum                  D. concert 10.Light and bright colors make people not only _______ but also more active.（　　） A．earlier B．Lazier C．busier D．happier 11.—Have you paid the ______? —Yes. It’s ten more dollars this month. A. bill B. price C. value D. menu 12.. - Let’s see what food you’ve got for dinner. -- Look, we have mutton, fish, eggs, tomatoes and . A. milk B. bread C. coffee D. juice 13.﹣Can I come today or tomorrow？ ﹣ is OK．I'm busy today and tomorrow． A．Either B．Neither C．Each D．None 14.Fruit is good for health，so I often have breakfast with one ． A．candy B．cake C．banana D．hamburger 15. I like hiking in the forest because the air is pretty ______. A. free B. dirty C. polluted D. fresh 二、完形填空（2024年青岛中考真题） It was December and the snow was falling quietly outside. The four March sisters, Meg, Jo, Beth and Amy, were sitting 1.________ the fire. They were knitting (编织) socks for soldiers (土兵). There was a war and everyone had to help. The festival was coming, but they wouldn’t get any 2.______ from their mother, Mrs. March. “We’ve got Father and Mother, and each other,” said Beth. They looked happy when hearing this. Then Jo said, “But it is a 3. ________ that our father is far away with the soldiers.” Nobody spoke for a minute, and then Meg said, “Mother says our men are at war and we mustn’t spend money for pleasure. That’s 4._______ we can’t have presents this year.” Although they would have no presents, they each had a dollar. They began to share what they wanted to buy. Jo would like to buy a book for herself because she was a book lover. Beth planned to spend hers on new music. She played the piano and loved singing. Amy would like a nice box of drawing pencils, for she wanted to be a(n) 5._______. Jo thought Mother didn’t say anything about their mopey and she wouldn’t wish them to give up 6._______. They worked hard so they 7._______ buy what they wanted each and had a little fun. It was true. The two elder sisters had jobs. Just then the clock struck (击) six. Beth 8._______ and put her mother’s slippers near the fire to warm. “Those slippers are very old,” said Jo. “Mother needs some new ones.” “I can buy a pair for her with my 9._______ dollars,” said Beth. “No, I’m the oldest,” Meg said. “I want to buy the slippers for her.” “I have an idea,” said Beth. “Don’t buy presents for ourselves. Get some for Mother 10._______.” Her sisters thought that was a very good idea. —Adaptation (改编) from Little Women by Louisa May Alcott 1. A. around B. without C. above D. except 2. A. presents B. food C. money D. hugs 3. A. joke B. surprise C. pity D. pleasure 4. A. how B. why C. where D. when 5. A. singer B. dancer C. artist D. actress 6. A. nothing B. something C. anything D.everything 7. A. should B. would C. must D. could 8. A. got up B. woke up C. showed up D. stayed up 9. A. useless B. secret C. own D. borrowed 10. A. though B. instead C. already D. yet 三、阅读理解 Major Snow, the 21st solar term of the year, falls on 6 December this year. It marks the beginning of midwinter. During Major Snow, the temperature drops greatly and there may be more snowy days. There's a Chinese saying, “A fall of snow gives promise of a fruitful year.” Most farmers welcome snow because snow can protect crops from cold fronts and keep the fields warm. Even if it melts, it can also provide enough water for the crops in spring. Folklore (民俗) expert Mr. Liu said that on the first day of Major Snow, farmers in Chengdu need to fertilize and water the newly sprouted soybeans (大豆) and wheat in the field. Snow season is also good for skiing and skating. ______ For example, Heilongjiang and Jilin provinces often have big snow already in November. People can also go to the frozen lakes to play ice sports. But people in the south will stay indoors to enjoy the winter activities. Though we have lots of fun because of the snow, we should pay attention to respiratory illness (呼吸道疾病). During Major Snow, it is drier and colder, so people should drink more water. At the same time, don't drink cold water after exercise. 1. What does Major Snow mean? A. The end of the cold weather. B. The beginning of midwinter. C. The end of the snow season. D. The beginning of the harvest season. 2. What is the weather probably like during Major Snow? A. The temperature drops greatly. B. There may be more rainy days. C. The weather gets warmer and warmer. D. There are usually sunny and cool days. 3. The reasons why most farmers welcome snow are ______. ① They don't have to work in the fields. ② Snow can protect crops from cold fronts. ③ Snow can help keep the fields warm. ④ Melting snow is good for the crops in spring. A. ①②③ B. ①②④ C. ①③④ D. ②③④ 4.What does the underlined the word fruitful mean ? A. 水果的 B. 丰收的 C. 美好的 D. 有希望的 5. Which of the following is the best sentence to fill in the blank in paragraph 4? A. Skating is very popular among the people who live in southern China. B. In northern China, there are many such places with natural snow and ice. C. People in the north like outdoor activities, such as skiing in the mountains. D. Xiaoming, from Fujian, usually plays basketball in the gym with his friends in winter 四、语言运用 A.单词拼写（1-5小题，2024年泰安中考真题） 根据句意和首字母或汉语提示，将单词的正确形式完整地写在答题卡相应的位置上。 1. —What can I do for you, sir? —I’d like a glass of tea. I am a little t________. 2. The young man is good at traditional Chinese medicine. He often gives his friends some useful a________ about staying healthy. 3.. It’s raining ________ (猛烈地) now, so we have to wait until the rain stops. 4. My parents are busy ________ (准备) for my grandmother’s birthday party now. I’m going to help them. 5.As teenagers, we should always be ________ (诚实的) and never tell lies. 6.Her ways of solving problems are different from _________ (我的). 7.The hotel is _________ (在……的后面) the police station. 8.People in some countries eat many __________ (土豆) as their main food. 9.The exam is very important to us, so we must take it ___________ (严肃地). 10.After doing sports for a long time, Tina is _________ (瘦的) than before. 11. Where are __________ (狮子) from? 12. I have no problem _________(爬) the mountain, which is not too high. 13. Of the two boys, who do you think is more __________(仔细). 14. I just hid behind my father and never _______ (说) anything. 15. My life has _______ (改变) a lot in the last few years. B. 选词填空(2023年菏泽中考真题) 阅读下面短文，用方框内所给词汇适当形式填空，使短文语义完整。 smoke and see quickly chopstick be it gift husband into There is an interesting legend about how chopsticks were invented. It is said that Jiang Ziya and his wife once lived a poor life in the Shang Dynasty. The cruel wife was not satisfied with their life and always wanted to hurt her 16________. One day, Jiang Ziya’s wife cooked some meat and put something into it secretly. When Jiang Ziya was about to take the meat, a bird flew in through the window 17_____ pecked (啄) him. He didn’t eat the meat and hurried off to catch the bird. Jiang Ziya knew it 18.______ a fairy bird, so he pretended (假装) to drive the bird and ran after it out to a hillside. The fairy bird stopped on a bamboo, shook off two bamboo sticks and whispered, “Jiang Ziya, you should pick up the meat with these bamboo sticks.” Jiang Ziya 19._____ picked the two bamboo sticks and returned home. When his wife asked him to eat the meat again, Jiang Ziya put the two bamboo sticks 20._____ the bowl to hold the meat. Suddenly, he 21.______ the bamboo sticks hissing (发出“嘶嘶”声) out green smoke. Jiang Ziya pretended not to know about the truth and said to his wife, “How can the meat 22.______? Is there anything wrong with the meat?” As he said it, Jiang Ziya picked up the meat and offered 23.______ to his wife’s mouth. His wife’s face turned white and she hurried out of the door. Jiang Ziya knew that these bamboo sticks were a 24. ______ sent by the fairy bird. From then on, he used the two bamboo sticks for every meal. After the story was told, not only did his wife dare not hurt him again, but also the neighbors learned to eat with bamboo sticks. Later, more and more people ate with 25._______, and the custom was passed down from generation to generation. C.阅读填空（2024年临沂中考真题） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Hi Alice, How are you? I want to tell you about my trip to the city space museum two days ago. I have never been there before, so I was 26.________ (excite)! I was taking care of my little sister and she was bored so I said, “We are going on an 27.______ (usual) experience!” When we arrived, we started to explore (探索). The space museum is very large and full of interesting and exciting objects 28._______ (touch). The first room you enter looks like deep space. There is information about different planets with a quiz (知识竞赛) at the end. The 29.________ (win) has a chance to invent a name for a planet—that’s exciting, isn’t it? The 30._______ (two) room looks like the inside of a spaceship. You can touch an astronaut’s spacesuit (宇航服). It looks really heavy! I don’t know how an astronaut can wear it. It looks a little old. I don’t know when it 31.______ (make), either. And you can see where the astronauts prepare their food. Did you know they use a knife, fork and spoon to eat? I didn’t. I thought it was all in bags. We were looking at the oven from the spaceship when my sister 32.________ (tell) me she was hungry. So we went to have a snack. They were preparing a pizza (比萨饼) in the restaurant and the smell of food always makes me hungry so we had a piece of pizza! It was delicious. While we 33._______ (eat) a pizza, they were baking (烘焙) biscuits, so we ate some. Don’t worry! We have bought some 34.________ you—you will love them! They look like rockets and taste like honey! After lunch, we explored more of the museum 35.________ stayed for the rest of the day. They were turning off the lights when we left! Have you ever been to a museum? See you soon! Helen 五、书面表达 假如你是小华，初中生活就要结束了。最近你和同学们经常谈论三年中你最敬佩的人。某英文网站正在举行“A Person I Admire”的征文活动，请你写一篇短文参加此活动。谈谈你最敬佩的人 是谁，他/她是什么样的人，以及你敬佩他/她的原因。 提示词语:kind; helpful; have some difficulties; encourage; solve the problems 提示问题:Who is the person that you admire? What is he/she like? Why do you admire him/her? 答案与解析 一、1. A 2. A 3. A 4. B 5. D 6. A 7. C 8. A 9. A 10. D 11. A 12. B 13. B 14. C 15. D 二、1. A 2. A 3. C 4. B 5. C 6. D 7. D 8. A 9. C 10. B 解析：【导语】本文节选自《小妇人》，主要讲述了四个女孩讨论圣诞礼物的场景。 1句意：马奇四姐妹，梅格、乔、贝丝和艾米，围坐在炉火旁。 around周围；without没有；above在上方；except除了。根据“the fire”可知是围坐在炉火旁。故选A。 2.句意：但她们没有从母亲马奇太太那里得到任何礼物。 presents礼物；food食物；money钱；hugs拥抱。根据“we can’t have presents this year.”可知是没有得到节日礼物。故选A。 3.句意：可惜我们的父亲和士兵们在很远的地方。 joke玩笑；surprise吃惊；pity遗憾；pleasure愉快。根据“our father is far away with the soldiers”可知她们的父亲在很远的地方，这是很遗憾的事情。故选C。 4.句意：这就是为什么我们今年不能收到礼物。 how如何；why为什么；where哪里；when当。“Mother says our men are at war and we mustn’t spend money for pleasure”是“we can’t have presents this year”的原因，用why引导。故选B。 5.句意：艾米想要一盒漂亮的绘图铅笔，因为她想成为一名画家。 singer歌手；dancer舞者；artist画家；actress演员。根据“Amy would like a nice box of drawing pencils”可知她想要绘图铅笔，因为她想成为画家。故选C。 6.句意：乔以为妈妈什么也没说，她也不希望她们放弃所有东西。 nothing没有事；something一些事；anything任何事；everything所有事。根据“she wouldn’t wish them to give up”可知是放弃所有东西，保留一美元卖自己想买的东西。故选D。 7.句意：她们努力工作，所以她们能买她们想要的东西，并享受一点乐趣。 should应该；would将；must必须；could能。根据“buy what they wanted each and had a little fun”可知她们工作很努力，所以她们能买一些自己想要的东西。故选D。 8.句意：贝丝站起来，把妈妈的拖鞋放在炉火旁取暖。 got up起来；woke up醒来；showed up现身；stayed up熬夜。根据“put her mother’s slippers near the fire to warm.”可知是站起来，把妈妈的拖鞋放在炉火旁。故选A。 9.句意：我可以用自己的钱给她买一双。 useless无用的；secret秘密的；own自己的；borrowed借。根据“I can buy a pair for her with my...”可知是想用自己的钱给妈妈买一双鞋。故选C。 10.句意：给妈妈买些吧。 though虽然；instead相反；already已经；yet还。根据“Don’t buy presents for ourselves. Get some for Mother”可知不给自己买礼物，相反给妈妈买。故选B。 三、 1. B 2. A 3. D 4. B 5. B 解析：【导语】本文介绍大雪节气，今年12月6日到来，标志仲冬开始，期间气温降、雪天多。雪对农事有益，利于冰雪运动，同时人们要防呼吸道疾病 。 1.根据文章第一段“It marks the beginning of midwinter.”可知，大雪标志着仲冬的开始，所以选B。 2. 由第一段“During Major Snow, the temperature drops greatly and there may be more snowy days.”可知，大雪期间气温大幅下降，可能有更多雪天，A选项符合，B选项说可能有更多雨天、C选项说天气越来越暖和、D选项说通常是晴朗凉爽的日子均错误。 3. 从第二段“Most farmers welcome snow because snow can protect crops from cold fronts and keep the fields warm. Even if it melts, it can also provide enough water for the crops in spring.”可知，雪能保护庄稼免受冷锋影响、保持田地温暖、融化的雪能为春天庄稼提供水分，②③④正确，文中未提及① ，所以选D。 4. 结合语境“A fall of snow gives promise of a fruitful year.”，下雪预示着好年景，“fruitful”意思是“丰收的” ，选B。 5. 后文“For example, Heilongjiang and Jilin provinces often have big snow already in November. People can also go to the frozen lakes to play ice sports.”在举例说明北方有天然冰雪的地方适合冰雪运动，B选项“在中国北方，有许多这样有天然冰雪的地方”能引出下文，符合语境。A选项说滑冰在南方很流行与后文不符；C选项“在山里滑雪”表述不如B全面；D选项说福建的小明与上下文话题不相关。 四、A.1.(t)hirsty 2.(a)dvice 3.heavily/hard 4.preparing 5.honest 6. mine 7. behind 8. potatoes 9. seriously 10. thinner 11. lions 12. climbing 13. careful 14. said 15. changed B.16.husband 17. and 18. was 19. quickly 20. into 21. saw 22. smoke 23. it 24. gift 25. chopsticks 解析:【导语】本文主要介绍了一个关于筷子是如何发明的传说。 16.句意：残忍的妻子对他们的生活不满意，总是想伤害她的丈夫。根据“The cruel wife was not satisfied with their life and always wanted to hurt her ”以及所给词可知这个残忍的妻子想要伤害她的丈夫，husband“丈夫”符合。故填husband。 17.句意：姜子牙正要取肉的时候，一只鸟从窗户飞了进来，啄了他一下。“flew in through the window”和“pecked (啄) him”是并列动作，用and连接。故填and。 18.句意：姜子牙知道那是一只仙鸟，就假装赶着那只仙鸟跑到了一个山坡上。根据“it...a fairy bird”可知它是一只仙鸟，句子用一般过去时，主语是it，be动词用was。故填was。 19.句意：姜子牙赶紧拿起两根竹签回家。根据“picked the two bamboo sticks and returned home.”以及所给词可知是快速拿起竹签，修饰动词用副词quickly“快速地”。故填quickly。 20.句意：当妻子让姜子牙再次吃肉时，姜子牙把两根竹签放进碗里盛肉。根据“Jiang Ziya put the two bamboo sticks...the bowl”可知是把竹签放进碗里，into“到里面”。故填into。 21.句意：突然，他看到竹签发出阵阵青烟。根据“the bamboo sticks hissing (发出“嘶嘶”声) out green smoke”以及所给词可知是看到了青烟，see“看见”，句子用一般过去时，动词用过去式。故填saw。 22.句意：这肉怎么会冒烟？根据“the bamboo sticks hissing (发出“嘶嘶”声) out green smoke”可知此处指冒烟，smoke“冒烟”，情态动词后加动词原形。故填smoke。 23.句意：说着，姜子牙拿起肉递给妻子。根据“offered...to his wife’s mouth”可知是把肉放进妻子的嘴里，用代词it。故填it。 24.句意：姜子牙知道这些竹签是仙鸟送的礼物。根据“sent by the fairy bird”以及所给词可知是仙鸟送的礼物，a后加名词单数gift“礼物”。故填gift。 25.句意：后来，越来越多的人用筷子吃饭，这一习俗代代相传。根据“more and more people ate with...”可知是用筷子吃饭，chopstick“筷子”，用名词复数。故填chopsticks。 C. 26. excited 27. unusual 28. to touch 29. winner 30. second 31. was made 32 told 33. were eating 34. for 35. and 解析：【导语】本文是一篇应用文，海伦向爱丽丝介绍了自己前两天去城市航天博物馆的经历。 26句意：我以前从来没有去过那里，所以我很兴奋！excite“使兴奋”，动词。此处应用形容词excited“兴奋的”，作表语，修饰人。故填excited。 27句意：我们要去经历一次不同寻常的经历！usual“通常的”，形容词。结合空前冠词an及文章内容可知，此处指一次不寻常的经历。unusual“不寻常的”，作定语修饰名词。故填unusual。 28句意：太空博物馆非常大，充满了有趣和令人兴奋的可以触摸的物体。touch“触摸”，动词。此处应用动词不定式作后置定语修饰名词objects，指可以触摸的物体。故填to touch。 29.句意：获胜者有机会为一颗行星发明一个名字——这很令人兴奋，不是吗？win“赢得”，动词。此处缺少主语，应用名词形式winner“获胜者”，结合“has”可知，用单数形式。故填winner。 30.句意：第二个房间看起来像宇宙飞船的内部。two“二”，基数词。room是单数，此处指第二个房间，应用序数词second表顺序。故填second。 31.句意：我也不知道它是什么时候制作的。make“制作”，动词。it指宇航服，与动词之间存在被动关系，且制作宇航服这件事发生在过去，应为一般过去时。主语it指第三人称单数，故用be动词was，make用其过去分词。故填was made。 32.句意：我们从宇宙飞船上看烤箱的时候，我妹妹告诉我她饿了。tell“告诉”，动词。此处是含when引导的时间状语从句的复合句，从句动作发生时，主句动作正在进行，指妹妹说她饿了的时候，我们正在……。主句是过去进行时，从句应为一般过去时，谓语动词用其过去式。故填told。 33.句意：当我们吃披萨的时候，他们在烤饼干，所以我们吃了一些。eat“吃”，动词。此处是含while引导的时间状语从句的复合句，从句是过去进行时，结构是was/were doing，主语是复数，be动词用were。故填were eating。 34.句意：我们给你买了一些——你会喜欢的！此处是buy sth. for sb.“给某人买某物”。故填for。 35.句意：午饭后，我们探索了更多的博物馆，并在那里待了一天。“explored more of the museum”和“stayed for the rest of the day”之间是顺承关系，用and连接。故填and。 五、参考范文  A Person I Admire The person I admire during my middle school life is my English teacher, Ms Liu. She is a charming lady with a beautiful face and a sweet voice. She is kind and helpful, for she is always ready to help others. Besides,She has a good sense of humour. She is able to make her class interesting and lively. Because of this, she is very popular among us. The reason why I admire her is that she devotes all her time and energy to teaching and cares for her students very much. When we have some difficulties in our studies, she always encourages us to work on and tells us how to solve the problems. For example,I remember when I failed in an exam, I felt disappointed. It was she who gave me encouragement and advice on how to learn English. At last, with her help ,I have made great progress. Generally speaking,I get so much from her, not only the knowledge but also kindness. Though she is common, I admire and love her. 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 新课标词汇2自测练习 (汉译英) 2025年新课标词汇中考特训 冲关：测-讲-练 1.婴儿 2.背部；后面；返回 3.背景 4.坏的 5.羽毛球 6.包 7.平衡 8.球 9.气球 10.竹子 11.香蕉 12.乐队；带子 13.银行；河岸 14.棒球 15.基本的 16.篮球 17.蝙蝠；球拍 18.洗澡；沐浴 19.浴室 20.是（am用于第一人称单数，is用于第三人称单数，are用于复数和第二人称） 21.海滩 22.豆 23.熊；忍受 24.打败；拍打 25.美丽的 26.因为 27.变成 28.床 29.卧室 30.蜜蜂 31.牛肉 32.在……之前；以前 33.开始 34.表现 35.在……后面 36.相信 37.铃铛 38.属于 39.在……下面 40.腰带 41.益处；受益 42.在……旁边 43.最好的；最 44.更好的；较好地 45.在……之间 46.大的 47.自行车 48.账单；钞票 49.垃圾箱 50.生物学 51.鸟 52.出生；诞生 53.生日 54.饼干 55.一点 56.黑色的；黑色 57.黑板 58.流血 59.失明的；盲人 60.街区；块 61.血液 62.女衬衫 63.吹；吹气 64.蓝色的；蓝色 65.木板；董事会 66.船 67.身体 68.煮沸 69.书；预订 70.无聊的 71.出生（bear的过去分词） 72.借 73.老板 74.两者都 75.瓶子 76.底部 77.碗 78.盒子；箱 79.男孩 80.大脑 81.勇敢的 82.面包 83.打破；休息 84.早餐 85.呼吸 86.桥 87.明亮的；聪明的 88.带来 89.兄弟 90.棕色的；棕色 91.刷子；刷 92.预算 93.建造 94.建筑物 95.欺凌；恶霸 96.燃烧 97.公共汽车 98.生意；商业 99.忙碌的 100.但是 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 新课标词汇2重点词汇拓展与解析 2025年新课标词汇中考特训 冲关：测-讲-练 1. beat (beat;beaten)：动词、名词。作动词有“打败；拍打；（心脏等）跳动”等意思；作名词意为“节拍；敲击声”。 如,His heart is beating fast.（他的心跳得很快。） We beat their team in the match.（我们在比赛中打败了他们队。） The beat of the music is very strong.（音乐的节拍很强劲。） 【拓展】 “beat”和“win (won; won)”在用法上有一些区别： “beat”强调在比赛、竞争、战斗等中“击败”“战胜”对手，其宾语通常是比赛、竞争的对手。例如：We beat the other team in the football match.（我们在足球比赛中击败了另一支球队。） “win”则表示在比赛、竞赛、抽奖等活动中“赢得”“获得”胜利、奖品、荣誉等，其宾语通常是比赛、奖品、荣誉等，而不是对手。 例如：She won the first prize in the singing competition.（她在歌唱比赛中获得了一等奖。） 2. beautiful：形容词。美丽的；美好的。 如，She looks very beautiful in that dress.（她穿那条裙子看起来很漂亮。） 【拓展】 beauty（名词，美丽；美人），beautifully（副词，美丽地；美好地）。 3. because：连词，因为。引导原因状语从句，不能和so连用。 如，I didn't go to school because I was ill.（我没去上学因为我生病了。） = I was ill，so I didn't go to school. 短语：because of（因为，后接名词或代词等）。 如，He was late because of the traffic jam.（他因为交通堵塞迟到了。） 4.begin （began；begun）：动词，开始；着手。 短语：begin with（以……开始），begin to do/doing sth.（开始做某事）。 如，The meeting will begin at 9 o'clock.（会议将在9点开始。） 【拓展】beginning（名词，开始；开端）。 短语：at the beginning of 在……的开始，在……之初。其反义词组是“at the end of”，表示“在……的结尾，在……的尽头”。 例如：At the beginning of the month, I made a plan.（在月初，我制定了一个计划。） At the beginning of the movie, there was a beautiful scene.（在电影的开头，有一个美丽的场景。） At the end of the year, we will have a party.（在年底，我们将举办一个派对。） 5. behave：动词，表现；举止。 如The children behaved well at the party.（孩子们在聚会上表现得很好。） You should behave yourself in public.（你在公共场合应该举止得体。） 【拓展】 behavior（名词，行为；举止）。 6. believe：动词，相信；认为。 短语：believe in（信任；信仰） 如，I believe that he is honest.（我相信他是诚实的。） We should believe in ourselves.（我们应该相信自己。） 【拓展】 belief（名词，信仰；信念）；believable（形容词，可信的），反义词unbelievable(难以置信的） 如，His excuse sounded believable, so I forgave him. 他的借口听起来可信，所以我原谅他了。 This documentary makes the history believable with real stories. 这部纪录片用真实故事让历史变得可信。 It's unbelievable that she can run so fast. 她能跑得这么快，真令人难以置信。 The news of his sudden success was unbelievable to us. 他突然成功的消息让我们难以置信。 7. belong：动词，属于；应在（某处）。常与to连用构成短语belong to（属于）。 如，This book belongs to me.（这本书属于我。）= This book is mine。 The house belongs to my grandfather.（这房子属于我祖父。）= The house is my grandfather’s. The Diaoyu Islands belong to China. (钓鱼岛属于中国。) 8. benefit：名词、动词，作名词意为“益处；好处”；作动词有“使受益；得益于”。 短语：for the benefit of（为了……的利益），benefit from（从……中受益）。 如，The new policy will benefit many people.（新政策将使许多人受益。） We can benefit from reading books.（我们能从读书中受益。） The benefit of exercise is obvious.（锻炼的好处是显而易见的。） 9. best：形容词、副词、名词，最好的（地）；最优秀的（人或事物）。是good/ well的最高级. 如This is the best book I've ever read.（这是我读过的最好的书。） He runs the best in his class.（他在班上跑得最好。） 短语： do / try one's best to do（尽力做某事）。 如，We should try our best to solve the problem.（我们应该尽力解决这个问题。） 【拓展】good/well（原级）:better （比较级，更好的/地）;best（最高级），。 10. between：介词,在……之间；在……中间。表示两者之间的位置、时间、数量等关系。如,The book is between the two pens.（书在两支笔之间。） 短语：between...and...（在……和……之间）。 如，I usually go to school between 7 and 8 o'clock.（我通常在7点到8点之间去上学。） 【拓展】between 与among区别 二者同为介词，都有“在……中间”之意。between强调在两者之间，among强调在三者或以上。 如，She is the tallest among her classmates.（她在她的同学中是最高的。） 11. birth：名词, 出生；诞生；分娩。 如His birth was a great joy to his family.（他的出生给家人带来了极大的欢乐。） 短语：at birth（出生时），give birth to（生下；产生）。 如，The baby weighed 3 kilograms at birth.（婴儿出生时重3公斤。） 12. blow(blew;blown): 动词, 吹；刮。 短语：blow out 吹灭 如，The wind is blowing hard.（风刮得很大。） 作 He blew the candles out.（他吹灭了蜡烛。） 13. borrow：动词，借；借用。 短语：borrow from（向……借）。 如,I borrowed a book from the library yesterday.（我昨天从图书馆借了一本书。） Can I borrow your pen?（我能借你的钢笔吗？） 【拓展】lend，borrow，keep 区别 lend：意为“借给，借出”，表示将自己的东西暂时提供给别人使用。常用结构为lend sth. to sb.或lend sb. sth.。 例如：She lent her bike to me. = She lent me her bike.（她把她的自行车借给了我。） I lent my book to Tom.（我把我的书借给了汤姆。） borrow：意为“借入，借”，指从别人那里借来东西供自己使用。常用结构为borrow sth. from sb.。 例如：He borrowed a pen from his classmate.（他向他的同学借了一支钢笔。） Tom borrowed my book.（汤姆借了我的书。） keep：borrow是瞬间动词不能和一段时间连用,其延续性动词为keep,意为“保存，保留”，在借东西的语境中，强调借的时间长度，即“借多长时间”。 例如：How long can I keep this dictionary?（这本词典我可以借多久？） You can keep it for a week.（你可以借这本字典一周。） 14. both：代词、形容词、副词, 两者都。 短语：both...and...（……和……都）。 both of ---( -----都） 如。Both of them are students.（他们两个都是学生。） She is both smart and kind.（她既聪明又善良。） 【拓展】“both”“all”“neither”“none”的用法总结： 1）both：表示“两者都”。可作主语、宾语、定语和同位语。作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式；与“and”搭配，连接两个并列成分。 例如：Both of my parents are teachers.（我父母都是老师。），I like both apples and bananas.（苹果和香蕉我都喜欢。） 2）all：表示“三者或三者以上都”。可作主语、宾语、定语和同位语。作主语时，若指人，谓语动词用复数；若指物，谓语动词用单数。 例如：All of the students are here.（所有学生都在这儿。），All is well that ends well.（结果好一切都好。） 3）neither：表示“两者都不”。作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式，常与“nor”搭配，连接两个并列成分。例如：Neither of the books is interesting.（这两本书都没意思。），Neither you nor he is right.（你和他都不对。） 4）none：表示“三者或三者以上都不”。作主语时，谓语动词可用单数也可用复数。常与“of”连用。例如：None of the students has/have seen the film.（学生们都没看过这部电影。） 15. brave：形容词，勇敢的；无畏的。 短语：be brave enough to do sth.（足够勇敢去做某事）。 如。He is very brave.（他非常勇敢。） The brave soldier saved the child.（勇敢的士兵救了孩子。） 【拓展】 bravely（副词，勇敢地），bravery（名词，勇敢；勇气）。 16. break （broke；broken）：动词、名词。作动词有“打破；折断；破坏；中断”等意思；作名词意为“休息；间歇”。 短语：break down（出故障；分解），break into（闯入），take a break（休息一下）。 如，He broke the window.（他打破了窗户。） The rope broke.（绳子断了。） Let's take a break after working for a long time.（工作很长时间后，我们休息一下吧。） 【拓展】 过去分词broken，同时也是形容词，意为“破碎的；损坏的；伤残的”。 如，A broken window let the rain in.（一扇破窗户漏进了雨水。） 17. bring(brought; brought)：动词, 带来；拿来。 bring sth. to sb.或bring sb. sth.（给某人带来某物）， 如Please bring me a book.（请给我拿一本书来。） The good news brought us great joy.（这个好消息给我们带来了极大的欢乐。） 【拓展】 “bring”和“take”都有“拿、带”的意思，但在用法上有一些区别： bring：表示把人或物从别处带到说话者所在的地方，意为“带来；拿来”。例如：Please bring your book to school tomorrow.（请明天把你的书带到学校来。） take：表示把人或物从说话者所在的地方带到别处去，意为“带走；拿走”。例如：Take this letter to the post office.（把这封信带到邮局去。） 18. build (built; built): 动词, 建造；建筑；建立。 如,They are building a new house.（他们正在建造一座新房子。） The old house was built over 100 years ago. (这座老房子建于100多年前。） 【拓展】名词形式为 building（建筑物；房屋）。 如，The new building is very beautiful.（这座新建筑物很漂亮。） There are many tall buildings in the city.（城市里有许多高楼大厦。） 19. bully：动词、名词。作动词意为“欺负；霸凌”；作名词指“恶霸；欺凌者”。 如，Some students bully others at school.（一些学生在学校欺负别人。） The bully was punished by the teacher.（这个恶霸受到了老师的惩罚。） 20.busy：形容词，意为“忙碌的；热闹的”。常用于be busy (in) doing sth.或be busy with sth.结构，表示“忙于做某事”。 如，She is busy (in) doing her homework.（她忙于做家庭作业。） He is busy with his work.（他忙于工作。） 【拓展】 名词形式为business，意为“商业；生意；事务”。表示“商业”“生意”时，是不可数名词；表示“公司”“企业”时，是可数名词。 例如：He is in the clothing business.（他从事服装生意。），Our family runs a small business.（我们家经营一家小公司。） 常见短语“on business”表示“出差”，如：He went to Beijing on business.（他去北京出差了。） 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$