专题02 阅读理解20篇（说明文&议论文）（黑龙江专用）-【好题汇编】备战2024-2025学年高一英语下学期期中真题分类汇编

专题02 阅读理解20篇（说明文&议论文） 考查范围：主题、语篇范围 题号 难度 知识点 阅读理解CD篇 1 较易 食物与饮料 ,竞技/比赛 2 适中 说明文,微信/微博/短视频 3 适中 动物,科学技术 ,说明文 4 适中 职业内容,议论文 5 适中 动物,说明文 6 适中 美术与摄影,议论文,人工智能 7 适中 科普知识 ,说明文 8 适中 交通与运输 ,发明与创造 ,说明文 9 适中 动物,说明文 10 较难 外国文化与节日,电影与戏剧,说明文 11 适中 天体和宇宙,社会问题与社会现象,议论文 12 适中 中国文化与节日,新闻报道 13 适中 人与动植物,环境保护,说明文 14 适中 科普知识 ,环境污染,说明文 15 适中 医疗 ,疾病 ,说明文 16 适中 信息技术 ,发明与创造 ,说明文 17 适中 食物与饮料 ,科普知识 ,说明文 18 适中 个人保健,科普知识 ,说明文 19 适中 日常生活 ,说明文,直接理解,语意转化,论证方式,标题判断 20 适中 环境保护,环境污染,说明文 （一） （23-24高一下·黑龙江省齐齐哈尔市讷河市第二中学·期中）Competitive eating has become big business. The International Federation of Competitive Eating (IFOCE) holds events for competitive eating all around the world. One of the most popular contests (竞赛) is held every 4th of July on Coney Island in New York. Nathan’s Hot Dog Eating Contest started in 1916 and the event has been dominated (占据优势) by Takeru Kobayashi. The Japanese competitor set his first record in 2001, when he ate 50 hot dogs in 12 minutes and has won the contest six years in a row. The main types of food eaten in the contests are fast food. Hot dogs, chicken wings, pickles, corndogs and pizza are main foods of the contests. The contests usually last from around 8 to 12 minutes. Now most of the competitors are men, but there are also women who take part in competitive eating. Being large and overweight isn’t necessarily an advantage in competitive eating. The biggest advantage a competitor can have is the ability to actually stretch (扩张) their stomach. Many competitors will drink plenty of water over a period of time in order to achieve this. Apart from having an unusually stretchable stomach, another important thing seems to be hand to mouth speed. The IFOCE has very strict safety guidelines laid out regarding competitive eating. Competitions must take place in a controlled area and only competitors over the age of 18 are allowed to enter. They also advise against any type of home training. There has been much talk regarding the inclusion of competitive eating as an Olympic sport. Although the IFOCE has talked about that with the Olympic committee, it seems that they will not agree to it at present. 1．Nathan’s Hot Dog Eating Contest _____. A．has a history of over 200 years B．takes place once a year in Japan C．is becoming less popular than before D．has made Takeru Kobayashi famous 2．What do we know about eating contests? A．Fast food is the only type of food. B．They usually last ten minutes or so. C．Only men are allowed to enter a contest. D．They are open to competitors of all ages. 3．What is the third paragraph mainly about? A．How to win an eating contest. B．The history of competitive eating. C．Safety guidelines from the IFOCE. D．The disadvantages of eating too much. 4．What’s the main purpose of the text? A．To report. B．To advertise. C．To introduce. D．To warn. （二） （23-24高一下·黑龙江省齐齐哈尔市讷河市第二中学·期中）WeChat is one of the well-established digital (数字的) platforms (平台) in China. Launched in 2011, WeChat’s active users reached 0.768 billion in 2016, to say nothing of the number in 2022. The lifestyle changes brought by WeChat are very obvious. Before the existence of WeChat, Weibo is the social platform where people got connected and shared information with each other. People still texted to each other at that time. When WeChat just came out, the pain point Wechat solved at first was the trouble of texting long messages. It came out with the outstanding function (功能) of sending voice messages. WeChat launched a sharing function called “Moment” in 2012. People share images and words in Moment. WeChat users can only see the Moment and activities posted by their friends. They can also like and comment on their friends’ Moments. Later on, WeChat started to have more and more functions, including Official Account, Money Transfer, Service Account and etc. With Official Account, companies found a new way to promote their brands (品牌) and products. According to the WeChat Influence Report, there are over 12 million Official Accounts on WeChat. It is becoming an industry. After other financial (金融的) functions launched on WeChat, people can go out with only a smartphone. People no longer bring their wallets when going out. It is really convenient. They only need to scan a QR code and confirm with their Touch ID．This function can be used in almost every store and market. The success of WeChat is not random (随机的). With updating (更新) its new versions (版本) in function, it makes our life much easier. According to the WeChat Influence Report, 94% of We-Chat users use WeChat every single day. It becomes a part of our life. 5．Why was WeChat so popular when it came out according to the text? A．It offered voice message service. B．It allowed texting long messages. C．It contributed to financial functions. D．It’ allowed people to have a video call. 6．What can we know about the “Official Account”? A．It’s a new way for companies to advertise their products. B．More and more people are setting up Official Accounts. C．It’s an industry for all the WeChat users to earn money. D．Official Account will replace other kinds of advertisements. 7．What’s the author’s attitude to the use of WeChat? A．Doubtful. B．Positive. C．Unconcerned. D．Negative. 8．What can be the best title for the text? A．What are the advantages of WeChat? B．How does WeChat beat Weibo? C．How does WeChat grow into a huge part of life? D．What excellent functions does WeChat have? （三） （23-24高一下·黑龙江省哈尔滨市第九中学校·期中）Have you ever looked at a seal (海豹) and thought, “Is that the same seal I saw yesterday?” Well, there could soon be an app for that. Known as SealNet, this app was developed by a team of undergraduate students from Colgate University in New York. Taking inspiration from the technology adapted for recognizing bears, Krista Ingram, a biologist at Colgate University, led her students to develop software that is tailored to identify the harbor seal, a species with a special liking for posing on coasts. The team had to train their software to identify seal faces. “I give it a photograph. It finds the face, and makes it a standard size,” says Ingram. And then she and her students would identify the nose, the mouth, and the center of the eyes by themselves. As with all technology, however, SealNet is not always unerring. The software saw seal faces on other body parts, plants, and even rocks. In one case, Ingram and her students did a double take at the similarity between a rock and a seal face. “The rock did look like a seal face,” Ingram says. “The darker parts were about the same distance as the eyes, so you can understand why the software found a face.” Consequently, she says it’s always best to check that seal faces identified by the software belong to a real seal. Of the world’s pinnipeds — a group that includes seals and sea lions — harbor seals are considered the most widely spread. Yet knowledge gaps do exist. Other techniques to track seals, such as tagging and aerial monitoring, have their limitations and can be highly invasive (侵入的) or expensive. Ingram believes SealNet could be a useful, noninvasive tool for researchers. Ingram points to an aspect of seal behavior that SealNet could cast more light on. The team’s trials indicated that seals return to the same sites on coasts year after year. Increasing scientists’ understanding of how seals move around could strengthen arguments for protecting specific areas, says Anders Galatius, an ecologist at Aarhus University in Denmark. 9．What can we learn about SealNet? A．It is a seal face-finding system. B．It can help recognize bears as well. C．It was developed by some graduates. D．It can take photos of seals automatically. 10．What does the underlined word “unerring” in Paragraph 4 mean? A．Available. B．Complicated. C．Accurate. D．Essential. 11．What do seals tend to do on coasts? A．Stay on round rocks. B．Move around to keep fit. C．Stick with sea lions. D．Visit certain spots regularly. 12．What is the main purpose of the text? A．To call for the protection of seals. B．To introduce seal-friendly technology. C．To display new ways of tracking seals. D．To explain why seals always move around. （四） （23-24高一下·黑龙江省哈尔滨市第九中学校·期中）There is something to be said for being a generalist, even if you are a specialist. Knowing a little about a lot of things that interest you can add to the rich ness of a whole, well-lived life. Society pushes us to specialize, to become experts. This requires commitment to a particular occupation, branch of study or research. The drawback to being specialists is that we often come to know more and more about less and less. There is a great deal of pressure to master one’s field. You may pursue training, degrees, or increasing levels of responsibility at work. Then you discover the pressure of having to keep up. Some people seem willing to work around the clock in their narrow specialty. But such commitment can also weaken their sense of freedom. These specialists could work at the office until ten each night, then look back and realize they would have loved to have gone home and enjoyed the sweetness of their family and friends, or traveled to exciting places, meeting interesting people. Mastering one thing to the exclusion of others can hold back your true spirit. Generalists, on the other hand, know a lot about a wide range of subjects and view the whole with all its connections. They are people of ability, talent, and enthusiasm who can bring their broad perspective (视角) into specific fields of expertise (专长). The doctor who is also a poet and Philosopher, is a superior doctor, one who can give so much more to his patients than just good medical skills. Things are connected. Let your expertise in one field fuel your passions in all related areas. Some of your interests may not appear to be connected but, once you explore their depths, you discover that they are. My editor Toni, who is also a writer, has edited several history books. She has decided to study Chinese history. Fascinated by the structural beauty of the Forbidden City as a painter, she is equally interested to learn more about Chinese philosophy. “I don’t know where it will lead, but I’m excited I’m on this pursuit.” These expansions into new worlds help us by giving us new perspectives. We begin to see the interconnectedness of one thing to another in all aspects of our life, of ourselves and the universe. Develop broad, general knowledge and experience. The universe is all yours to explore and enjoy. 13．To become a specialist, you may have to ________. A．narrow your range of knowledge B．get pushed by the surroundings C．know a lot more about society D．broaden your perspective on life 14．According to the author, a superior doctor is one who ________. A．is a pure specialist in medicine B．is gifted in poetry and philosophy C．is fully aware of his talent and ability D．brings knowledge of other fields to work 15．What does the author intend to show with the example of Toni? A．Chinese culture is appealing to people worldwide. B．One passion alone is not enough to ensure success. C．In-depth exploration can make discoveries possible. D．Seemingly unrelated interests are in a way connected. 16．What does the author suggest we do? A．Decide to be specialist or generalist B．Be more of a generalist than a specialist C．Find ways to become a specialist D．Focus on mastering one field. （五） （23-24高一下·黑龙江省哈尔滨师范大学附属中学·期中）An ancient Latin proverb says “Aquila non capit muscas” —cagles don’t hunt flies—meaning that important ones shouldn’t concern themselves with small, insignificant matters.But the lions in East Africa should concern themselves with the seemingly insignificant ants, because these ants are changing their lifestyles. The story starts with the acacia trees(金合欢树)in an African wildlife area in central KenyaSome of these acacia trees provide food and shelter for specific ant species, which in turn defend the tree against herbivores(食草动物).The ants are actively attacking and driving away herbivores that attempt to feed on the tree’s leavesThis is highly effective; the ants not only physically harm the herbivores but also release chemicals that can deter other potential attackers. But these ants are in trouble.Another species called the “big-headed” ant is destroying entire groups of tree-protecting ants.This, in turn, sets off an entire chain of events that ends up influencing when and how lions can hunt. This ant invasion(入侵)affects one thing after the other.It leaves the acacia trees defenseless against herbivores especially elephants.The elephants come in and eat the acacias at five to seven times the rate observed in uninvaded areas.The lions, while hunting for food, have no more trees to use for hiding.This reduced tree cover makes lions less successful at hunting and pushes them to find different areas to hunt in． “These tiny invaders are pulling on the ties that put an African ecosystem together, determining who is eaten andwhere,” said Todd Palmer, an ecologist from Florida. The lions, which are already endangered, are managing to cope with this by no longer focusing their attention on zebras.The zebras, of course, can see them much better on the approach given the lack of cover.Instead, they are targeting water buffalo.But this also isn’t the end of the story.Who knows what the lions’ changing strategy will mean for the ecosystem down the line? 17．What does the underlined word “deter” in paragraph 2mean? A．Direct. B．Discourage. C．Identify. D．Seek. 18．What role do the elephants play in the chain reaction? A．Cooperating with “big-headed” ants. B．Damaging the hiding place for lions. C．Protecting the acacias from herbivores. D．Starting off the disturbance of the chain. 19．The author mentions lions, zebras and water buffalo to show that ______. A．animals fall victim to bigger ones B．the ecology is on the road to recovery C．animals are corelated in the ecosystem D．species are firmly positioned in the food chain 20．What is the text mainly about? A．What ecologists find about animals. B．Why African lions are endangered. C．How tiny ants affect the way lions hunt. D．How the law of the jungle works in Africa. （六） （23-24高一下·黑龙江省哈尔滨师范大学附属中学·期中）“Woman reading book, under a night sky, dreamy atmosphere,” I type into Deep Dream Generator’s Text 2 Dream feature. In less than a minute, an image is returned tom e showing what I’ve described. Welcome to the world of AI image generation, where you can create what on the surface looks like top-rank artwork using just a few text prompts (提示). But closer examination shows oddities. The face of the woman in my image has very odd features, and appears to be holding multiple books. And, while there’s an initial thrill at seeing an image appear, there’s no creative satisfaction. AI image generation could impact everything from film to graphic novels and more. Children’s illustrators were quick to raise concerns about the technology. They say AI-generated art is the exact opposite of what art is believed to be. Fundamentally, art is all about translating something that you feel internally into something that exists externally. Whatever form it takes, true art is about the creative process much more than it’s about the final piece. And simply pressing a button to generate an image is not a creative process. Beyond creativity, there are deeper issues. To create images from prompts, AI generator s rely on databases of already existing art and text. This could lead to the creation of images that are intentionally meant to imitate the style of other artists, without their agreement. There is an argument that Al generators work no differently to humans when it comes to being influenced by others’ work, However, a human artist is also adding emotion and nuance (细微差别) into the mix. AI doesn’t do the same — it can only copy. The increasing use of AI will also lead to a devaluing of the work of artists. There’s already a negative prejudice towards the creative industry. People will begin to think that their “work” is as valid as that created by someone who has spent a career making art. It’s nonsense, of course. You can use your mobile phone to take a nice picture of your daughters, but you are no match for professionals. 21．What does the writer think of his image creation? A．Exciting. B．Appealing. C．Unsatisfying. D．Shocking. 22．What do children’s illustrators value most about art? A．The creating process. B．The final work. C．Personal feelings. D．External forms. 23．What is Paragraph 4 of the text mainly about? A．The styles of human artworks and AI ones. B．Human artists’ influence on AI generators. C．Different means used in human and AI art creation. D．The drawbacks of drawing from existing art and text. 24．Which of the following best summarizes the last paragraph? A．Art is the mirror of life. B．Rome is not built in a day. C．No man can do two things at once. D．Jack of all trades, master of none. （七） （23-24高一下·黑龙江省哈尔滨市第六中学·期中）Time to load up some popular games: new research indicates pigs have the mental capability to play video games. The study, published in Frontiers in Psychology, tested the ability of four pigs (Hamlet, Omelette, Ebony and Ivory) to play a simple joystick (操纵杆) game with their noses, moving a cursor (光标) to four targets on the screen. Although the animals didn’t show the skills to win a round any time, they did show an understanding of some simple games. Performing well not by chance, the pigs appeared to recognize that the movement of the cursor was controlled by the joystick. The fact that they did so well although they didn’t have flexible fingers is “extraordinary”, according to the researchers. That pigs can do this should give us pause about what else they are capable of learning and how such learning may influence them,” said Purdue University’s Dr Candace Croney, the study’s lead author. Researchers also noted that while the pigs could be taught to play the game using food as positive motivation, they also responded well to social interaction. In fact, when the game was made more challenging and the pigs became unwilling to participate in it, “only encouraging words from the experimenter” would make the pigs continue their training. These findings are the latest to highlight the intelligence and learning abilities of pigs. Not only have they been shown to use mirrors to find hidden food, but studies have also shown how pigs can be taught to “come” and “sit” after oral commands. As with any sentient (有感觉力的) beings, how we interact with pigs and what we do to them influences and matters to them. We therefore have a duty to further understand how pigs get information and what they are capable of learning and remembering, because this may help them understand their interactions with us and their environments. 25．What can be learned from Paragraph 1? A．The pigs knew a lot about the video games. B．The pigs operated joysticks with their noses. C．The pigs competed with each other in the games. D．The pigs sometimes performed well by chance. 26．What made researchers believe pigs socially interacted well? A．Their being inspired by human words. B．Their being driven by food. C．Their being willing to keep trying. D．Their being stopped by challenges. 27．Which of the following statement is true according to the passage? A．Pigs can’t play video games for lack of flexible fingers. B．When playing games, pigs can win a round at any time. C．The research suggests that pigs are very friendly animals. D．When games are difficult, pigs are unwilling to play them. 28．What will researchers probably focus on in the next stage of their experiment ? A．How pigs learn to play challenging games. B．How pigs improve their learning ability. C．How pigs manage to get information. D．How pigs adapt to their living environment. （八） （23-24高一下·黑龙江省哈尔滨市第六中学·期中）Smart Highway is a creative idea for smart roads of tomorrow: Smart Highway is the result of the teamwork between builder and developer Heijmans and designer Daan Roosegaarde. Among them, Glowing Lines, the world’s first light-emitting (发光的) highway, is a safe and environment-friendly road. The site of the pilot project is a part of the N329 Highway in Oss, located in the province of Noord-Brabant, the Netherlands. The road was built by Heijmans and was designed by Daan Roosegaarde, using light- emitting paints. The paints absorb ultraviolet light (紫外线) during the day and give it off for up to 10 hours at night. Solar energy panels (太阳能板) or other sources of power can provide energy to make sure that the road continues to provide light as required, despite weather or daylight hours. The Van Gogh-Roosegaarde bicycle path is a creative path, inspired by Van Gogh’s The Starry Night and designed by Daan Roosegaarde. There are thousands of light-emitting stones, giving visitors an experience of poetry and design. The path gets energy at daytime and emits light during the night. It is supported by LED light to make sure of safety, quality and light during the whole night. Art and technology merge in this new, public view. The bicycle path is 600 metres long and is part of the Van Gogh cycling path. The Van Gogh-Roosegaarde bicycle path is set up as a cultural and enjoyable road, based on the light-emitting technologies developed for the Smart Highway. Riding a bicycle at this site is a wonderful experience. Furthermore, the path is lit up in such an environment-friendly way without destroying the ecology. As a tourist attraction, the bicycle path also offers economic added value to the Eindhoven region: Visitors can experience the pathway in the evening and will likely stay in the region longer. 29．What can we know about the Glowing Lines? A．It cannot provide light continuously in bad weather. B．It brings light pollution to the environment. C．It’s the result of the teamwork among builders, developers and designers. D．It’s the only highway in the world which can emit light. 30．What does the underlined word “merge” in paragraph 4 mean? A．Come out. B．Take off. C．Take over. D．Mix together. 31．What can we infer about the Van Gogh-Roosegaarde bicycle path from the last paragraph? A．It only attracts cyclists to Eindhoven. B．It should be built in other cities. C．It can promote the local economy. D．Its light has bad effects on ecology. 32．What is the purpose of this text? A．To tell us what future roads are like. B．To show the history of the road development. C．To stress the high technology of the Netherlands. D．To introduce two smart roads. （九） （23-24高一下·黑龙江省哈尔滨市第五十九中学校·期中）Although orcas(虎肆), also known as killer whales, are famous for their attacks on sea animals, they are never a threat to humans. However, since late July, the normally social animals have been purposely attacking sailboats off the coasts of Spain and Portugal. The strange behavior first reported on July 29, 2020, when a 46-foot boat was repeatedly attacked for almost an hour by nine orcas, almost turning the boat over and having its engine turned off. Since then. over 30 more similar incidents have been reported. Researchers across the world are trying to explain the orcas’ behavior. Some believe it could be a result of the overfishing of the bluefin tuna-the orcas’ main food source-which has made the area’s killer whales hungry and unable to feed their babies. “I saw them look at boats carrying fish. I think they know humans are related to food shortages,”says Ken Balcomb, senior scientist at the Center for Whale Research in USA．The environmentalists believe that there is another reason for the agitation. They think the orcas’ behavior could also be caused by the sudden increase in boat. Human beings sail across the sea again, after months of restrictions(限制)on human activity last spring However, Alfredo López, a biology professor in Spain, thinks the attacks are preventive (预防性) measures the orcas took to guard themselves against boat injuries. The researcher made such a summary after looking at the videos of a few incidents and noticing that two of the young killer whales involved had serious injuries. Hopefully, the experts will be able to find a way to bring the peace between the animals and the humans back soon. 33．What can we infer about orcas from the first two paragraphs? A．They are friendly to humans. B．They always attacking boats. C．They have changed their behavior. D．They are famous for hunting skills. 34．The underlined word “agitation” in Paragraph 3 probably refers to ___. A．the attacks B．boat injuries C．fishing activities D．human activities 35．Which of the following may Alfredo Lopez agree with? A．Orcas attack boats for food. B．Orcas attack boats to protect themselves. C．Orcas are living peacefully with humans. D．Orcas are often hurt by human activities. 36．Which of the following would be the best title for the passage? A．How Do Killer Whales Attack Humans? B．Why Are Killer Whales Attacking Boats? C．What Can We Do to Help Killer Whales? D．Why Should We Stop Hunting Killer Whales? （十） （23-24高一下·黑龙江省哈尔滨市第五十九中学校·期中）Plays are an important part of British culture. The West End theatre district in London is the best place to watch a professional play, but acting also takes place in every school and village hall across the country. There are over 2,500 non-professional drama groups in the UK today and they are an active part of community life. people from all walks of life take on acting roles in addition to their regular jobs. They do it for fun, for the love of acting and as a way to meet new people. Not everyone in a drama club is a skilled actor, but enthusiasm(热情)is considered to be more important than talent. Friends, family members and neighbours enjoy getting together to watch the final performance and telling the people they know to “break a leg(走运)”. It’s a great way of bringing communities together. Also, in many rural parts of Britain, non-professional theatre is the only chance people have to see plays for miles around. Many people get a taste for acting at school. Every school puts on a play at least once per year, usually at Christmas, and parents love coming to watch their children perform. Ask any British person and they’re sure to have happy memories of being in their school’s Christmas play, whether they played the role of Mary or Joseph or perhaps even a sheep or a donkey. Another Christmas theatre tradition is the pantomime(舞剧). Pantomimes are a type of musical comedy for families .the audience is encouraged to participate in the performance-singing along with the music and shouting to the actors. Pantomimes are really fun to watch, especially for children. British people love going to the theatre, professional or not, and many of them also enjoy performing. If you have the chance, go and see a play in the UK. 37．What matters most for an actor in a drama club, according to the article? A．Talent B．Enthusiasm C．Professional training D．Support from family 38．According to the article, what is special about pantomimes? A．All the performers are professional child actors B．The audience is allowed to play some small roles in them C．The audience is encouraged to interact with the actors D．The musical comedy is always about family life 39．According to the article most Britain people ____________. A．learn how to be a professional actor in school B．consider acting to be their regular jobs C．often participated in performance when in school D．watch plays in the West End theatre district in London 40．What is the article mainly about? A．Reasons why British people love plays B．The origin of theatre traditions in the UK C．Rules for theatergoers to follow in the UK D．The popularity of non-professional plays in the UK （十一） （23-24高一下·黑龙江省齐齐哈尔市·期中）For those of us who grew up watching Star Trek, exploring space has been about discovering strange new worlds. And there are plenty of worlds to explore in time, but we still need major technological advancements to reach planets that are light years away. What we are doing in space today is providing unbelievable benefits right now, right here on Earth. From space, we can monitor, manage and care for our planet. Satellite-based sensors show us the short- and long-term effects of human activity on our environment. Many companies are using their interest in space to help solve problems here, from using hyperspectral imaging(高光谱成像), which enable us to map vegetation(植被) and rain forests, to microsatellites that provide global connectivity for the network of things. My company, OneWeb, is focusing on what I believe is one of the world’s most important issues: the need for equal access to the Internet. The Internet has become our economic lifeblood. And yet, nearly half of the world’s population doesn’t have Internet access. Space is playing a key role in bridging this digital divide. OneWeb is launching 1,980 satellites to help bring Internet access to people everywhere, and our first production satellites are already flying in space and have shown very high download speeds. Fiber and cable Internet access technologies already cover most financially viable(可行的) major cities. Similarly, these regions will also be the first to be served with 5G. Poor communities are the last to get connected, and without connectivity, those communities have no chance to lift themselves from poverty. OneWeb’s satellites will reach every community in the world and enable equal access to the Internet for the world’s less developed places. Fifty years from the day when man first walked on the moon, we are still only approaching the possible. There will be tens of thousands of new satellites, space stations and factories in the coming years to bring advancements in communications, scientific research, monitoring the earth, exploring space and more. This is exciting, but we must take action carefully. 41．What is the second paragraph mainly about? A．Benefits space exploration can bring to us. B．Problems space exploration leads to. C．Steps of space exploration requires. D．Equipment space exploration needs. 42．What is OneWeb aiming to do? A．Increase download speeds. B．Narrow the gap in Internet learning. C．Help people set up and maintain a website. D．Enable people to make use of the Internet equally. 43．What can be inferred from the text? A．More than six decades ago, man first walked on the moon. B．More than half of the world’s people have no access to the Internet. C．OneWeb’s satellites will make it possible for most people to be served with 5G. D．Without the Internet, poor communities can hardly help themselves out of poverty. 44．What will the writer probably continue to write about in the following paragraph? A．The risks of furthering space exploration. B．The value of setting up space stations. C．The way we could monitor our earth. D．The features of microsatellites. （十二） （23-24高一下·黑龙江省齐齐哈尔市·期中）The Chinese Students and Scholars Association in the UK held a Spring Festival gala (庆典) on Wednesday in London to count down to the Chinese New Year. More than 900attendees, including representatives from British universities and education institutions, as well as Chinese students and scholars, joined to enjoy a feast of Chinese culture. This year’s Chinese New Year falls on Saturday, and 2024 is the year of the dragon based on the Chinese zodiac. The dragon is considered by the Chinese people to represent dignity, prestige, and fortune. The festival gala, with a theme of “Soaring Dragon’s Spring Melody”, featured Chinese folk music, dance, singing, martial arts performance and more. During the event, Zheng Zeguang, China’s ambassador to the UK, made a speech to the attendees, highlighting major accomplishments achieved in the past year and stating China’s future development focuses. He pointed out that China will determinedly pursue high-quality development and Chinese modernization to advance the great rejuvenation (复兴) of the Chinese nation. China will also call for an equal and orderly multipolar (多级的) world as well as for inclusive economic globalization that benefits all, Zheng noted. “Our motherland has bright prospects for future growth,” he said. The ambassador praised Chinese students and scholars for being hardworking and behaving in a controlled way, saying that the number of Chinese students in the UK has significantly increased due to the transformation of China. “I hope you will carry on the tradition of patriotism. I hope you will ai m high and work hard. I hope you will unit e and help each other, as well as make friends widely. I hope you will grow into the backbone of the nation in the near future,” he said. Alistair Fitt, vice-headmaster of Oxford Brookes University, extended warm wishes of good fortune and prosperity in the year of the dragon and expressed hope for progress in Sino-British relations. “I am very sure that our two great nations will continue to expand all of our very successful relationships,” he said. 45．What does the underlined word “prestige” in Paragraph 2 mean? A．The condition of being strange and alone. B．The condition of being respected and admired. C．The condition of being large and frightening. D．The condition of being followed and monitored. 46．Why has the number of Chinese students significantly risen in the UK according to Zheng Zeguang? A．Advertising activities have been organized well in China to promote British universities. B．Chinese students are most attracted by the scenery in the UK. C．The education fees in the UK have been reduced. D．Great changes have taken place in China. 47．What does Alistair Fitt mainly express in the last paragraph? A．His suggestions. B．His surprises. C．His arrangements. D．His expectations. 48．What is the best title for the news report? A．Spring Festival gala brings joy to Chinese students in UK B．Chinese students in UK count down to Chinese New Year C．Warm wishes of good fortune expressed in year of dragon in UK D．China’s ambassador to UK states China’s future development focuses （十三） （23-24高一下·黑龙江省大庆市大庆中学·期中）In an effort to help out important insects like bees and butterflies, bus stops across the United Kingdom (UK) are getting living roofs. Small gardens on bus shelter roofs are being planted with flowers chosen to help support the struggling insects. The gardens provide much-needed islands of nature in a hard, man-made environment of a city. Humans depend on bees and other “pollinators (授粉者)” like butterflies to help grow plants, such as flowers and trees. But with humans taking over more and more land for cities, roads and farms, more natural areas have disappeared. The Wildlife Trusts, a group which works to protect wildlife in the UK, says that 97% of England’s wildflower fields have been lost since World War II and the insect numbers there have dropped by 50% since 1970. Bee bus stops are a small step toward supporting these important insects. The advertising company Clear Channel is working with The Wildlife Trusts and city governments to set up bee bus stops in cities across the UK. Bee bus stops are like ordinary bus shelters, but small gardens have been added to the roofs. The gardens are filled with flowers and plants chosen to attract bees and butterflies. Because the soil for the rooftop garden is heavy, especially when it rains, the bus shelters need to be sturdy. The rooftop gardens need to be cut about twice a year. But other than that, not much is needed to keep the gardens going. Clear Channel manages about 30,000 bus stops across the UK. It says that most bus stops last about 20 years. The little gardens can also help to slightly lower city temperatures. Even though the bus shelter gardens are small, together they add up to a much larger area. Thirzah McSherry, who works for The Wildlife Trusts, says, “We’re living through a nature and climate crisis and we need to use every tool we’ve got to deal with it.” 49．Why are bee bus stop gardens being built in the UK? A．To improve farming conditions. B．To make the city more beautiful. C．To solve the environment pollution. D．To provide shelters for pollinating insects. 50．What leads to the insect numbers dropping sharply in England? A．Loss of forests. B．Climate changes. C．Human activities. D．Natural disasters. 51．What does the underlined word “sturdy” mean in paragraph 3? A．Easily broken. B．Extremely popular. C．Firmly fixed. D．Finely decorated. 52．What can be inferred from the last paragraph? A．The city temperature is getting lower slowly. B．Small actions can also make a big difference. C．Cities should map out larger gardens for the insects. D．The bee bus stop will change the climate of the UK. （十四） （23-24高一下·黑龙江省大庆市大庆中学·期中）For most of human history, the stars shone brightly in a dark night sky. But today, cities and towns, increasingly lit by artificial light at night, dramatically reduce the visibility of stars. Satellite data suggests that light pollution has been increasing in many parts of the world over the last decade. However, satellites miss the blue light of LEDs (发光的二极管), which are commonly used for outdoor lighting, resulting in an underestimate of light pollution. An international citizen science project called Globe at Night (环球夜景) aims to measure how everyday people’s view of the sky is changing. The data shows that the night sky got, on average, 9.6% brighter every year. For many people, the night sky today is twice as bright as it was eight years ago. The brighter the sky, the fewer stars you can see. If this trend continues, a child born today in a place where 250 stars are visible now would only be able to see 100 stars on his/her 18th birthday. The main factors leading to increasing brightness of the night sky are industrialization and the growing use of LEDs for outdoor lighting. The loss of dark skies threatens our ability as astronomers to do good science. But everyday people feel this loss too. Starry night skies have inspired artists, writers, musicians and philosophers for thousands of years. Light pollution also has a bad effect on the daily cycle of light and dark that plants and animals use to adjust their lifestyle. Two-thirds of the world’s key biodiversity (生物多样性) areas are affected by light pollution. Individuals and their communities can make simple changes to reduce light pollution. The secret is using the right amount of light, in the right place and at the right time. Making outdoor lights shine downward, using lights that give out more yellow-colored light instead of white light and putting on light timers can all help reduce light pollution. A view of about 2,500 stars in a truly dark sky might convince you that dark skies are a resource worth saving. 53．How is the first paragraph mainly developed? A．By giving an example. B．By making a comparison. C．By reaching a conclusion. D．By raising a question. 54．What do the figures in the third paragraph indicate? A．The light pollution is getting more serious. B．The night sky today gets darker than before. C．It’s difficult to imagine a child’s fast growth. D．LEDs are commonly used for outdoor lighting. 55．What does Paragraph 4 mainly tell us? A．The bad effects of light pollution. B．The factors causing light pollution. C．The functions of starry night skies. D．Key biodiversity areas in the world. 56．What is the purpose of writing this text? A．To explain a phenomenon. B．To suggest a solution. C．To remember a scientist. D．To increase public awareness. （十五） （23-24高一下·黑龙江省大庆铁人中学·期中）In early July, FDA granted traditional full approval of Leqembi for the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). This is the first approved medication proven to slow the progression of AD’s clinical symptoms. A phase three trial among 50-to-90-year-old patients with early AD showed that it can do so by about 27% over an 18-month period. While we cannot extrapolate (推断) beyond 18 months, this represents about a six-month delay in progression of AD symptoms. A second disease-slowing drug, donanemab, has recently shown similar effects and may get FDA approval by the end of the year.The development of Leqembi is a notable success for medical science in that a disease previously impervious to any disease-modifying medical intervention now has an available, effective treatment. However, paraphrasing Winston Churchill, this is not the beginning of the end but the end of the beginning. The drug does not reverse disease symptoms or prevent progression, it slows progression. And there are considerations that make it inappropriate for many patients with AD．It does, however, lay the groundwork for future AD medications that could alleviate (减轻) suffering from this devastating disease for generations to come. An important factor for new drugs is their cost. Leqembi’s price tag is $26,500 per year — much more than the current symptomatic medications for AD but comparable or less expensive than new medications for other conditions, for example multiple sclerosis or ALS. Medicare has announced that it will provide coverage for this medication, although it is requiring that physicians perform certain clinical measures and enter the patient’s data in a registry in order for the drug to be covered, which will increase physician and patient burdens. What’s more, traditional Medicare only covers 80% of outpatient costs, so for those patients without supplemental insurance, a 20% copay for the drug and required MRI scans (核磁共振扫描) might amount to up to $10,000 or more per year out of pocket, but still only a fraction of the cost of a year of in a nursing home. 57．What can we learn from the first two paragraph? A．Leqembi can make a six-month delay of AD’s symptoms over a two-year period. B．To some degree, Leqembi is effective to slow the progression of AD symptoms. C．Both donanemab and Leqembi have got FDA approval. D．The drug is appropriate for any patient with AD． 58．The underlined sentence in Paragraph 2 means _____ in the passage. A．although the new drug has undergone trials, it is still not effective enough B．though Leqembi can slow the progression of AD’s symptoms, we still have a long way to go C．the research of the Leqembi will come to an end D．some others problems related to the the medicine have been caused 59．Leqembi’s price is _____ according to the passage. A．much cheaper than other medications for AD B．much more than current medications for other conditions C．affordable to almost every patient D．cheaper than new medications for ALS 60．Medicare will provide coverage for this medication on condition that _____. A．physician and patient burdens are increased B．patients do not have supplemental insurance C．patient’s data is registered and clinical measures are carried out by doctors D．patients pay the cost of a year of in a nursing home （十六） （23-24高一下·黑龙江省大庆铁人中学·期中）This week, Google researchers published a paper describing results from an AI tool built to create music. The tool, called MusicLM, is not the first AI music tool to be launched. But the examples Google provided demonstrate musical creative ability based on a limited set of descriptive words. Several different music examples produced by MusicLM were published online. Some of the generated music came from just one- or two-word descriptions, such as “jazz”, “rock” or “techno (高科技舞曲)”. The tool also created other examples from more detailed descriptions containing whole sentences. In one example, Google researchers included these instructions to MusicLM, “It is a soundtrack of a game. It is fast-paced and upbeat, with a catchy electric guitar riff (反复乐节). The music is repetitive and easy to remember, but with unexpected sounds ...” In the resulting recording, the music seemed to keep very close to the description. The team said the more detailed the description was, the better the system could attempt to produce it. The MusicLM model operates similarly to the machine-learning systems used by ChatGPT. ChatGPT and MusicLM both require powerful computers to operate complex machine-learning models. The San Francisco-based company OpenAI launched ChatGPT late last year. ChatGPT has recently received a lot of attention because of its ability to generate complex writings and other content from just a simple description in natural languages. Such tools can produce human-like results because they are trained on huge amounts of data. Many different materials are fed into the systems to permit them to learn complex skills to create realistic works. However, the MusicLM researchers said there were some risks linked to the new tool. One of the biggest issues the researchers identified was biases (偏好) present in the training data. A bias might be including too much of one side and not enough of the other. The researchers said this raised a question about appropriateness for music generation for cultures underrepresented in the training data. 61．What can we learn about MusicLM? A．It is the first AI music tool to be launched. B．It requires detailed descriptions of full sentences. C．It creates music based on simple descriptive words. D．It generates complex writings from a simple description. 62．What is the similarity between ChatGPT and MusicLM? A．They can take the place of musicians. B．They have gained commercial success. C．They don't have any practical use in life. D．They are based on huge amounts of data. 63．Which of the following is an issue of the MusicLM model? A．Creating music with strong biases. B．Requiring too much training data. C．Being difficult for some people to use. D．Producing music works with no creativity. 64．What would be the best title for the text? A．The future of humans with AI B．A new AI tool to make music C．Music created by some AI tools D．AI and its function in culture development （十七） （23-24高一下·黑龙江省密山市第一中学·期中）One debate about chicken eggs is why white eggs usually cost more than brown ones. Some people think white eggs are more nutritious (有营养的). Is that true? According to Sherman Hickman, the director of community outreach and education for Hickman’s Family Farms, it’s first important to know why chickens have different egg colors. Jesse LaFlamme is the CEO of Pete and Gerry’s Organic Egg. She says, the chicken breed (品种) decides whether or not hens have pigment genes, the natural chemical that results in a colored shell. Although all eggs start out white in color, shell color can change from white to brown and even blue in some rare breeds. An interesting way to know what color eggs a hen lays is to look at the color of its ear feathers (羽毛), LaFlamme says. Breeds such as the Leghorn chickens lay white eggs, while Orpington chickens lay brown eggs and Ameraucana chickens produce blue eggs. Hickman notes that the Leghorn breed is a popular choice for farmers because it lays more eggs. Hens that produce colored eggshells, however, usually are larger and require more feed and energy to create that painted shells. Since those breeds cost more to feed, their eggs are more expensive. Although eggs sometimes look different and are priced differently, it’s impossible to know their nutrition according to shell color alone. “Choosing between brown and white eggs is a matter of personal preference,” Malina Linkas Malkani, media spokesperson for the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics, says. “But it’s important for people to know that the color of the eggshell is related to the breed of the hen, not the egg’s nutrition, quality or shell thickness.” What does affect the nutrition is the specific food the hen eats, according to Malkani. 65．What decides the color of eggshells? A．Hens’ breed. B．Eggs’ nutrition. C．Shell thickness. D．Hens’ ear feathers. 66．Which one among the following matches is right? A．Ameraucana chickens lay white eggs. B．Orpington chickens lay brown eggs. C．Leghorn chickens lay blue eggs. D．Hickman’s Family Farms chickens lay red eggs. 67．Why are eggs of Leghorn chickens more expensive? A．They lay rare eggs. B．Raising them costs more. C．Their eggshells are white. D．Their eggs are more nutritious. 68．What does Malina Linkas Malkani try to explain? A．Why eggs are priced differently. B．What color of eggs people like best. C．What decides the nutrition of eggs. D．Why people like to eat eggs. （十八） （23-24高一下·黑龙江省密山市第一中学·期中）For those in search of safe, non-medicine sleep aids (助手), sound machines are a popular choice. The National Sleep Foundation recently found that 5% of Americans sleep with a “sound conditioner”. It can be a fan, phone app, or other noise-producing machines. Michael Grandner, director of the Sleep and Health Research Program at the University of Arizona, says a sound conditioner is a lifesaver if you live where loud nighttime noise is common. But even if your bedroom is very quiet, sound machines can still be helpful if you’re the type of person unsettled by a total absence of noise, or if you’re a light sleeper who wakes from even the softest sound. Research supports the idea that a little background sound can help people fall asleep. For a study in the journal Sleep Medicine, the researchers asked sleepers to listen to recorded hospital sounds either with or without a white noise machine. They found that those who slept with the white noise machine were hardly affected by the hospital sounds, while others who slept without white noise were easily awakened. There’s also so-called “pink noise” and “brown noise”, which can sound similar to white noise. “I don’t think there’s enough evidence yet to say one type is better than another,” says Michelle Drerup, a sleep psychologist at the Cleveland Clinic. “I know from talking with my patients that some people prefer natural sounds, like a rainstorm. But others don’t want a sound at all when they sleep,” she says. “It all comes down to the individual (个人).” For some, the best sound might be none. “Biologically (生物学上), you don’t need this sound to sleep,” says Michael Grandner, “and if you use it every night, you can get so used to it that you can’t sleep without it.” Most sleep experts agree. “I wouldn’t suggest people use sound machines to sleep unless they’re reporting difficulties with outside noises,” an expert says. 69．According to the text, who should sleep with a sound conditioner? A．Those who fall asleep fast. B．Those who wake up easily. C．Those who live in a quiet street. D．Those who are afraid to sleep alone. 70．What does Michelle Drerup think of the best type of sound for sleep? A．Pink noise and brown noise are better. B．Sleeping without any noise is the best. C．It all depends on personal preferences. D．Natural sounds are the best for people. 71．What is most experts’ suggestion? A．To use sound machines as little as possible. B．To see a doctor with your sleeping problems. C．To find a very quiet place to treat sleeping problems. D．To break the habits of sleeping with sound machines. 72．What’s the main idea of the text? A．Most Americans have a bad sleep. B．White noises are good for humans. C．Sound conditioners are a safe, non-medicine sleep aid. D．Not everyone should sleep with white noise machine. （十九） （23-24高一下·黑龙江省牡丹江市第一高级中学·期中）While flatmates can bring about stress and difficulty, they can also be great company and develop into wonderful, lifelong friends. Before making the decision to live with a flatmate or to live alone, consider carefully all the accompanying advantages and disadvantages. Most people join forces with a flatmate primarily due to financial problem. A shared living space also means you're responsible for only half of the rent or shared bills. Additionally, when you're splitting costs, you can afford a better apartment than you could alone. However, money can become a point of argument for flatmates as well. If your flatmate gets laid off or quits his job, you may have to pick up his bill until he's back on his feet. Your flatmate may also insist he owe less because he doesn't use the shower too often. In addition to bills and the rent, flatmates also typically share responsibility for unpleasant tasks, such as cleaning or doing the dishes. Without a flatmate, cleaning and tidying responsibilities are yours alone. However, flatmates also frequently end up sharing plenty of other things many people would rather not: use of the TV, the bathroom, food and even clothing, for example. You may have to wake up earlier than you'd like to get a hot shower before work or give up watching your favorite show because your flatmate beat you to it. When you live alone,  you get to determine the terms of your social life, and you go home to an empty house or apartment at the end of the day. That can be preferable if you're a serious student or professional, someone who needs to work and rest in the quiet of an apartment. With a flatmate, there are unexpected guests and your social options can expand sharply. Keep in mind, however, that having a flatmate means that he may feel social when you do not, and you may have to deal with wanted house guests. 73．What's the main reason for most people to share a flat? A．Ensuring safety. B．Saving money. C．Sharing housework. D．Reducing loneliness. 74．What does the author say about a serious flatmate? A．He likes a peaceful life. B．He has excellent social manners. C．He keeps everything in the room tidy. D．He often turns away unexpected guests. 75．How does the author express his opinions? A．By describing the process. B．By stating an argument. C．By making comparisons. D．By analyzing the outcome. 76．Which of the following can be the best title for the text? A．Buying a Flat or Sharing One? B．The Reasons for Sharing a Flat. C．How to Share a Flat with a Flatmate? D．The Advantages and Disadvantages of Flatsharing. （二十） （23-24高一下·黑龙江省牡丹江市第一高级中学·期中）We all have an idea about the common types of environmental problems. However, light pollution may be a new term to many of us. But, the fact is that it does affect mankind, other living forms and the environment as a whole. What is light pollution? It presents all forms of misused man-made light. The obvious cause of light pollution is the use of outdoor lighting products improperly. It can be office lighting, car headlights, station lights, streetlights and many more. Light pollution is harmful to both animals and plants. Upon studies, it is found that obvious effects are observed in the behaviour of animals that are active at night. Needless to mention, bright light at night makes it difficult for these animals to hunt, wander and perform their regular activities. Light pollution is directly or indirectly responsible for causing several diseases. Its effects are related to disturbance in the physical rhythm (节奏). It contributes to risks of developing cancerous cells. So, it’s nothing less than a threat to human health. You have already seen the negative effects of light pollution on animals and human health. Apart from this, the actual cost of misused light is about millions of dollars every year. It also leads to the release of greenhouse gases and global warming. After all, coal or gas is used for producing electricity. While outdoor lighting and using man-made lighting products are part of our modern lifestyle, some simple ways will surely help in reducing light pollution. For example, while installing (安装) outdoor lighting, make sure that they are pointed downwards. Also, use only the required lighting equipment for both home and offices. Believe it or not, many people living in the urban areas cannot view clear sky and stars at night. Let’s contribute our part in reducing the pollution. 77．What can we learn about light pollution? A．It has little effect on plants. B．It contributes to most cancers. C．It is a negative fruit of light technology. D．It affects animals’ behavior during the day. 78．Why does light pollution affect the climate? A．It increases the temperature at night. B．It creates clouds in parts of the Earth. C．It stops the release of greenhouse gases. D．It is related to the burning of coal and gas. 79．How can we contribute our part in reducing light pollution? A．Forbid the use of outdoor lighting. B．Use clean energy to produce electricity. C．Avoid unnecessary lights at home and offices. D．Reduce money spent on light in urban areas. 80．What can be inferred from the last paragraph? A．Citizens should be banned to install outdoor lighting. B．Only simple ways can help reduce light pollution. C．There is no clear sky or stars over the urban areas. D．Light pollution needs to be dealt with urgently. 1 / 37 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 专题02 阅读理解20篇（说明文&议论文） 考查范围：主题、语篇范围 题号 难度 知识点 阅读理解CD篇 1 较易 食物与饮料 ,竞技/比赛 2 适中 说明文,微信/微博/短视频 3 适中 动物,科学技术 ,说明文 4 适中 职业内容,议论文 5 适中 动物,说明文 6 适中 美术与摄影,议论文,人工智能 7 适中 科普知识 ,说明文 8 适中 交通与运输 ,发明与创造 ,说明文 9 适中 动物,说明文 10 较难 外国文化与节日,电影与戏剧,说明文 11 适中 天体和宇宙,社会问题与社会现象,议论文 12 适中 中国文化与节日,新闻报道 13 适中 人与动植物,环境保护,说明文 14 适中 科普知识 ,环境污染,说明文 15 适中 医疗 ,疾病 ,说明文 16 适中 信息技术 ,发明与创造 ,说明文 17 适中 食物与饮料 ,科普知识 ,说明文 18 适中 个人保健,科普知识 ,说明文 19 适中 日常生活 ,说明文,直接理解,语意转化,论证方式,标题判断 20 适中 环境保护,环境污染,说明文 （一） （23-24高一下·黑龙江省齐齐哈尔市讷河市第二中学·期中）Competitive eating has become big business. The International Federation of Competitive Eating (IFOCE) holds events for competitive eating all around the world. One of the most popular contests (竞赛) is held every 4th of July on Coney Island in New York. Nathan’s Hot Dog Eating Contest started in 1916 and the event has been dominated (占据优势) by Takeru Kobayashi. The Japanese competitor set his first record in 2001, when he ate 50 hot dogs in 12 minutes and has won the contest six years in a row. The main types of food eaten in the contests are fast food. Hot dogs, chicken wings, pickles, corndogs and pizza are main foods of the contests. The contests usually last from around 8 to 12 minutes. Now most of the competitors are men, but there are also women who take part in competitive eating. Being large and overweight isn’t necessarily an advantage in competitive eating. The biggest advantage a competitor can have is the ability to actually stretch (扩张) their stomach. Many competitors will drink plenty of water over a period of time in order to achieve this. Apart from having an unusually stretchable stomach, another important thing seems to be hand to mouth speed. The IFOCE has very strict safety guidelines laid out regarding competitive eating. Competitions must take place in a controlled area and only competitors over the age of 18 are allowed to enter. They also advise against any type of home training. There has been much talk regarding the inclusion of competitive eating as an Olympic sport. Although the IFOCE has talked about that with the Olympic committee, it seems that they will not agree to it at present. 1．Nathan’s Hot Dog Eating Contest _____. A．has a history of over 200 years B．takes place once a year in Japan C．is becoming less popular than before D．has made Takeru Kobayashi famous 2．What do we know about eating contests? A．Fast food is the only type of food. B．They usually last ten minutes or so. C．Only men are allowed to enter a contest. D．They are open to competitors of all ages. 3．What is the third paragraph mainly about? A．How to win an eating contest. B．The history of competitive eating. C．Safety guidelines from the IFOCE. D．The disadvantages of eating too much. 4．What’s the main purpose of the text? A．To report. B．To advertise. C．To introduce. D．To warn. 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．A 4．C 【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了竞吃比赛的有关情况。 1．细节理解题。由第一段中的“The Japanese competitor set his first record in 2001 ... has won the contest six years in a row”可知，Takeru Kobayashi在美国纽约的内森国际吃热狗大赛上连夺六届冠军，这使得他名声远扬。故D选项正确。 2．细节理解题。由第二段中的“The contests usually last from around 8 to 12 minutes”可知，竞吃比赛通常持续十分钟左右。故B选项正确。 3．段落大意题。由第三段“The biggest advantage a competitor can have is the ability to actually stretch (扩张) their stomach. Many competitors will drink plenty of water over a period of time in order to achieve this. Apart from having an unusually stretchable stomach, another important thing seems to be hand to mouth speed.”可知，竞争对手最大的优势是能够真正伸展自己的胃。为了实现这一目标，许多竞争对手将在一段时间内饮用大量的水。除了有一个异常可伸缩的胃，另一个重要的事情似乎是手到嘴的速度。所以本段主要说明了在比赛中获胜需要具备的优势条件。故A选项正确。 4．推理判断题。通读全文可知，短文主要介绍了竞吃比赛受欢迎的程度，比赛中吃的主要食物、参赛人员的性别、比赛中获胜需要具备的优势条、竞争性饮食的安全指南。所以作者写这篇短文的目的就是要介绍竞吃比赛的有关情况。故C选项正确。 （二） （23-24高一下·黑龙江省齐齐哈尔市讷河市第二中学·期中）WeChat is one of the well-established digital (数字的) platforms (平台) in China. Launched in 2011, WeChat’s active users reached 0.768 billion in 2016, to say nothing of the number in 2022. The lifestyle changes brought by WeChat are very obvious. Before the existence of WeChat, Weibo is the social platform where people got connected and shared information with each other. People still texted to each other at that time. When WeChat just came out, the pain point Wechat solved at first was the trouble of texting long messages. It came out with the outstanding function (功能) of sending voice messages. WeChat launched a sharing function called “Moment” in 2012. People share images and words in Moment. WeChat users can only see the Moment and activities posted by their friends. They can also like and comment on their friends’ Moments. Later on, WeChat started to have more and more functions, including Official Account, Money Transfer, Service Account and etc. With Official Account, companies found a new way to promote their brands (品牌) and products. According to the WeChat Influence Report, there are over 12 million Official Accounts on WeChat. It is becoming an industry. After other financial (金融的) functions launched on WeChat, people can go out with only a smartphone. People no longer bring their wallets when going out. It is really convenient. They only need to scan a QR code and confirm with their Touch ID．This function can be used in almost every store and market. The success of WeChat is not random (随机的). With updating (更新) its new versions (版本) in function, it makes our life much easier. According to the WeChat Influence Report, 94% of We-Chat users use WeChat every single day. It becomes a part of our life. 5．Why was WeChat so popular when it came out according to the text? A．It offered voice message service. B．It allowed texting long messages. C．It contributed to financial functions. D．It’ allowed people to have a video call. 6．What can we know about the “Official Account”? A．It’s a new way for companies to advertise their products. B．More and more people are setting up Official Accounts. C．It’s an industry for all the WeChat users to earn money. D．Official Account will replace other kinds of advertisements. 7．What’s the author’s attitude to the use of WeChat? A．Doubtful. B．Positive. C．Unconcerned. D．Negative. 8．What can be the best title for the text? A．What are the advantages of WeChat? B．How does WeChat beat Weibo? C．How does WeChat grow into a huge part of life? D．What excellent functions does WeChat have? 【答案】5．A 6．B 7．B 8．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了微信的发展历程以及如何成为人们生活当中不可或缺的一部分的。 5．细节理解题。根据第二段“When WeChat just came out, the pain point Wechat solved at first was the trouble of texting long messages. It came out with the outstanding function of sending voice messages.(微信刚问世的时候，首先解决的痛点是发长信息的麻烦。它推出的时候就有了出色的语音信息发送功能)”可知，微信支持发送语音信息解决了当时即时沟通软件市场的一个问题，所以很受欢迎。故选A。 6．细节理解题。根据第四段“With Official Account, companies found a novel approach to promote their brands and products. (通过公众号，公司找到了一种新的方法来推广他们的品牌和产品)”可知，通过公众号，企业有了一种新的推广自己产品的方式。故选A。 7．推理判断题。根据最后一段“The success of WeChat is not random. With updating its new versions in function, it makes or life much easier. According to the WeChat Influence Report, 94% of We-Chat users use WeChat every single day. It becomes a part of our life.(微信的成功不是随机的。通过更新其功能上的新版本，它使我们的生活更容易。根据微信影响报告显示，94%的微信用户每天使用微信。它成为我们生活的一部分)”可知，作者认为微信的成功并非偶然，而是它强大的功能方便了人们的生活，所以可推断出作者是支持微信使用的。故选B。 8．主旨大意题。根据第一段“Launched in 2011, WeChat’s active users reached 0.768 billion in 2016, to say nothing of the number in 2022.(微信于2011年推出，2016年的活跃用户达到7.68亿，更不用说2022年的活跃用户了)”，第三段“WeChat launched a sharing function called “Moment” in 2012. People share images and words in Moment.(微信在2012年推出了名为朋友圈的分享功能。人们在朋友圈分享图片和文字)”以及第四段“Later on, WeChat started to have more and more functions, including Official Account, Money Transfer, Service Account and etc. With Official Account, companies found a novel approach to promote their brands and products.(后来微信的功能越来越多，包括公众号、转账、服务号等。通过公众号，企业找到了一种新的方式来推广自己的品牌和产品)”可知，文章主要以介绍微信各个功能为线索，说明了微信影响人们生活，逐步成为人们生活中不可缺少的一部分，故C项“How does WeChat grow into a huge part of life?(微信是如何成长为生活的重要组成部分的?)”是文章最佳标题。故选C。 （三） （23-24高一下·黑龙江省哈尔滨市第九中学校·期中）Have you ever looked at a seal (海豹) and thought, “Is that the same seal I saw yesterday?” Well, there could soon be an app for that. Known as SealNet, this app was developed by a team of undergraduate students from Colgate University in New York. Taking inspiration from the technology adapted for recognizing bears, Krista Ingram, a biologist at Colgate University, led her students to develop software that is tailored to identify the harbor seal, a species with a special liking for posing on coasts. The team had to train their software to identify seal faces. “I give it a photograph. It finds the face, and makes it a standard size,” says Ingram. And then she and her students would identify the nose, the mouth, and the center of the eyes by themselves. As with all technology, however, SealNet is not always unerring. The software saw seal faces on other body parts, plants, and even rocks. In one case, Ingram and her students did a double take at the similarity between a rock and a seal face. “The rock did look like a seal face,” Ingram says. “The darker parts were about the same distance as the eyes, so you can understand why the software found a face.” Consequently, she says it’s always best to check that seal faces identified by the software belong to a real seal. Of the world’s pinnipeds — a group that includes seals and sea lions — harbor seals are considered the most widely spread. Yet knowledge gaps do exist. Other techniques to track seals, such as tagging and aerial monitoring, have their limitations and can be highly invasive (侵入的) or expensive. Ingram believes SealNet could be a useful, noninvasive tool for researchers. Ingram points to an aspect of seal behavior that SealNet could cast more light on. The team’s trials indicated that seals return to the same sites on coasts year after year. Increasing scientists’ understanding of how seals move around could strengthen arguments for protecting specific areas, says Anders Galatius, an ecologist at Aarhus University in Denmark. 9．What can we learn about SealNet? A．It is a seal face-finding system. B．It can help recognize bears as well. C．It was developed by some graduates. D．It can take photos of seals automatically. 10．What does the underlined word “unerring” in Paragraph 4 mean? A．Available. B．Complicated. C．Accurate. D．Essential. 11．What do seals tend to do on coasts? A．Stay on round rocks. B．Move around to keep fit. C．Stick with sea lions. D．Visit certain spots regularly. 12．What is the main purpose of the text? A．To call for the protection of seals. B．To introduce seal-friendly technology. C．To display new ways of tracking seals. D．To explain why seals always move around. 【答案】9．A 10．C 11．D 12．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了由科尔盖特大学的学生开发的名为SealNet的应用程序，该程序旨在通过识别海豹的面部特征来帮助研究人员追踪海豹的活动。 9．细节理解题。根据第一段“Have you ever looked at a seal (海豹) and thought, “Is that the same seal I saw yesterday?” Well, there could soon be an app for that. Known as SealNet, this app was developed by a team of undergraduate students from Colgate University in New York. (你有没有看过一只海豹，然后想：“这是我昨天看到的那只海豹吗？”很快就会有这样的应用。这款名为SealNet的应用程序是由纽约科尔盖特大学的一组本科生开发的。)”可知，SealNet是一个海豹的面部识别系统。故选A项。 10．词句猜测题。根据画线词的下文“The software saw seal faces on other body parts, plants, and even rocks. (该软件在其他身体部位、植物甚至岩石上看到了海豹的面孔。)”可知，该软件在识别海豹面孔时会出错。由此可知，它与所有技术一样，也并非总是正确无误，画线词意思应该是“正确无误的”，与Accurate意思一致。故选C项。 11．细节理解题。根据最后一段中“The team’s trials indicated that seals return to the same sites on coasts year after year. (研究小组的试验表明，海豹年复一年地回到海岸上的同一地点。)”可知，海豹往往会定期造访海岸上的某些地点。故选D项。 12．推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是第一段中“Have you ever looked at a seal (海豹) and thought, “Is that the same seal I saw yesterday?” Well, there could soon be an app for that. (你有没有看过一只海豹，然后想：“这是我昨天看到的那只海豹吗?”很快就会有这样的应用。)”可知，文章介绍了一款名为SealNet的应用程序展开，该程序旨在通过识别海豹的面部特征来帮助研究人员追踪海豹的活动，尽管目前会出现一些错误，但是这是一款非入侵性的工具。由此可知，文章的主要目的是介绍这一海豹友好型的技术。故选B项。 （四） （23-24高一下·黑龙江省哈尔滨市第九中学校·期中）There is something to be said for being a generalist, even if you are a specialist. Knowing a little about a lot of things that interest you can add to the rich ness of a whole, well-lived life. Society pushes us to specialize, to become experts. This requires commitment to a particular occupation, branch of study or research. The drawback to being specialists is that we often come to know more and more about less and less. There is a great deal of pressure to master one’s field. You may pursue training, degrees, or increasing levels of responsibility at work. Then you discover the pressure of having to keep up. Some people seem willing to work around the clock in their narrow specialty. But such commitment can also weaken their sense of freedom. These specialists could work at the office until ten each night, then look back and realize they would have loved to have gone home and enjoyed the sweetness of their family and friends, or traveled to exciting places, meeting interesting people. Mastering one thing to the exclusion of others can hold back your true spirit. Generalists, on the other hand, know a lot about a wide range of subjects and view the whole with all its connections. They are people of ability, talent, and enthusiasm who can bring their broad perspective (视角) into specific fields of expertise (专长). The doctor who is also a poet and Philosopher, is a superior doctor, one who can give so much more to his patients than just good medical skills. Things are connected. Let your expertise in one field fuel your passions in all related areas. Some of your interests may not appear to be connected but, once you explore their depths, you discover that they are. My editor Toni, who is also a writer, has edited several history books. She has decided to study Chinese history. Fascinated by the structural beauty of the Forbidden City as a painter, she is equally interested to learn more about Chinese philosophy. “I don’t know where it will lead, but I’m excited I’m on this pursuit.” These expansions into new worlds help us by giving us new perspectives. We begin to see the interconnectedness of one thing to another in all aspects of our life, of ourselves and the universe. Develop broad, general knowledge and experience. The universe is all yours to explore and enjoy. 13．To become a specialist, you may have to ________. A．narrow your range of knowledge B．get pushed by the surroundings C．know a lot more about society D．broaden your perspective on life 14．According to the author, a superior doctor is one who ________. A．is a pure specialist in medicine B．is gifted in poetry and philosophy C．is fully aware of his talent and ability D．brings knowledge of other fields to work 15．What does the author intend to show with the example of Toni? A．Chinese culture is appealing to people worldwide. B．One passion alone is not enough to ensure success. C．In-depth exploration can make discoveries possible. D．Seemingly unrelated interests are in a way connected. 16．What does the author suggest we do? A．Decide to be specialist or generalist B．Be more of a generalist than a specialist C．Find ways to become a specialist D．Focus on mastering one field. 【答案】13．A 14．D 15．D 16．B 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章介绍了作为专家需要具备的知识及作为一个多面手需要具备的东西，并对两者进行了比较与讨论，建议做一个多面手。 13．细节理解题。根据第二段的“Society pushes us to specialize, to become experts. This requires commitment to a particular occupation, branch of study or research. The drawback to being specialists is that we often come to know more and more about less and less.(社会促使我们专攻，成为专家。这需要致力于某一特定的职业、学科或研究。成为专家的缺点是，我们常常对越来越少的东西了解得越来越多)”可知，专家需要致力于某一特定的职业、学科或研究，所以要想成为专家，就必须缩小自己的知识面。故选A项。 14．细节理解题。根据第四段的“The doctor who is also a poet and Philosopher, is a superior doctor, one who can give so much more to his patients than just good medical skills.(一个既是诗人又是哲学家的医生是一个优秀的医生，他能给他的病人比良好的医疗技术更多的东西)”可知，作者认为一位优秀的医生不仅仅是纯粹的医生，他在诗歌和哲学上所知的东西也会运用到工作中去，给予病人超越医术的东西，会将其他领域的知识带到工作中去。故选D项。 15．推理判断题。根据第五段“Toni”的例子上文内容 “Things are connected. Let your expertise in one field fuel your passions in all related areas. Some of your interests may not appear to be connected but, once you explore their depths, you discover that they are.(事物是相互关联的。让你在某一领域的专长激发你在所有相关领域的热情。你的一些兴趣可能看起来没有联系，但一旦你探索了它们的深度，你会发现它们是联系的)”可知，作者想用托妮的例子来说明表面上不相关的兴趣在某种程度上是相关的。故选D项。 16．推理判断题。根据第一段中的“There is something to be said for being a generalist, even if you are a specialist.(做一个多面手是有道理的，即使你是个专家)”和最后一段“These expansions into new worlds help us by giving us new perspectives. We begin to see the interconnectedness of one thing to another in all aspects of our life, of ourselves and the universe. Develop broad, general knowledge and experience. The universe is all yours to explore and enjoy.(这些对新世界的扩展通过给我们新的视角来帮助我们。我们开始在我们生活的方方面面，在我们自己和宇宙中，看到事物之间的相互联系。拓展广博的知识和经验。宇宙完全在你使用的探索和享受中)”及结合全文理解可知，本文主要讲述做一个多面手，而不是专家，这更能让我们生活得充实，所以作者建议做一个多面手，而不是专家。故选B项。 （五） （23-24高一下·黑龙江省哈尔滨师范大学附属中学·期中）An ancient Latin proverb says “Aquila non capit muscas” —cagles don’t hunt flies—meaning that important ones shouldn’t concern themselves with small, insignificant matters.But the lions in East Africa should concern themselves with the seemingly insignificant ants, because these ants are changing their lifestyles. The story starts with the acacia trees(金合欢树)in an African wildlife area in central KenyaSome of these acacia trees provide food and shelter for specific ant species, which in turn defend the tree against herbivores(食草动物).The ants are actively attacking and driving away herbivores that attempt to feed on the tree’s leavesThis is highly effective; the ants not only physically harm the herbivores but also release chemicals that can deter other potential attackers. But these ants are in trouble.Another species called the “big-headed” ant is destroying entire groups of tree-protecting ants.This, in turn, sets off an entire chain of events that ends up influencing when and how lions can hunt. This ant invasion(入侵)affects one thing after the other.It leaves the acacia trees defenseless against herbivores especially elephants.The elephants come in and eat the acacias at five to seven times the rate observed in uninvaded areas.The lions, while hunting for food, have no more trees to use for hiding.This reduced tree cover makes lions less successful at hunting and pushes them to find different areas to hunt in． “These tiny invaders are pulling on the ties that put an African ecosystem together, determining who is eaten andwhere,” said Todd Palmer, an ecologist from Florida. The lions, which are already endangered, are managing to cope with this by no longer focusing their attention on zebras.The zebras, of course, can see them much better on the approach given the lack of cover.Instead, they are targeting water buffalo.But this also isn’t the end of the story.Who knows what the lions’ changing strategy will mean for the ecosystem down the line? 17．What does the underlined word “deter” in paragraph 2mean? A．Direct. B．Discourage. C．Identify. D．Seek. 18．What role do the elephants play in the chain reaction? A．Cooperating with “big-headed” ants. B．Damaging the hiding place for lions. C．Protecting the acacias from herbivores. D．Starting off the disturbance of the chain. 19．The author mentions lions, zebras and water buffalo to show that ______. A．animals fall victim to bigger ones B．the ecology is on the road to recovery C．animals are corelated in the ecosystem D．species are firmly positioned in the food chain 20．What is the text mainly about? A．What ecologists find about animals. B．Why African lions are endangered. C．How tiny ants affect the way lions hunt. D．How the law of the jungle works in Africa. 【答案】17．B 18．B 19．C 20．C 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了小蚂蚁如何影响狮子的捕猎方式。 17．词句猜测题。根据上文“The ants are actively attacking and driving away herbivores that attempt to feed on the tree’s leaves. This is highly effective; the ants not only physically harm the herbivores(蚂蚁正在积极攻击并赶走试图以树叶为食的食草动物。这是非常有效的；蚂蚁不仅在身体上伤害食草动物)”可知，蚂蚁对合欢树具有保护作用。由此猜测“ but also release chemicals that can deter other potential attackers.”意为“蚂蚁还释放出可以阻止其他潜在攻击者的化学物质”，即deter意为“阻止”，与discourage同义。故选B。 18．细节理解题。根据文章第四段“This ant invasion(入侵)affects one thing after the other.It leaves the acacia trees defenseless against herbivores especially elephants.The elephants come in and eat the acacias at five to seven times the rate observed in uninvaded areas.The lions, while hunting for food, have no more trees to use for hiding.(蚂蚁的入侵影响了一件又一件事。这使得金合欢树无法抵御食草动物，尤其是大象。大象吃金合欢的速度是未被入侵地区的5到7倍。狮子在寻找食物的时候，没有更多的树可以用来躲藏。)”可知，在食物链中大象破坏狮子的藏身之处。故选B。 19．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段““These tiny invaders are pulling on the ties that put an African ecosystem together, determining who is eaten andwhere,” said Todd Palmer, an ecologist from Florida.(来自佛罗里达州的生态学家托德·帕尔默(Todd Palmer)说:“这些微小的入侵者正在拉动非洲生态系统的纽带，决定谁被吃掉，在哪里被吃掉。”)”和最后一段“The lions, which are already endangered, are managing to cope with this by no longer focusing their attention on zebras. The zebras, of course, can see them much better on the approach given the lack of cover. Instead, they are targeting water buffalo. (已经濒临灭绝的狮子正在设法解决这个问题，不再把注意力集中在斑马身上。斑马，当然，可以更好地看到它们靠近，因为缺乏掩护。相反，它们的目标是水牛。)”可知，蚂蚁的入侵导致金合欢树大量被吃，使得狮子在狩猎时失去掩护，这导致以斑马为主食的狮子转而猎杀水牛。由此推知，作者提到狮子、斑马和水牛是为了说明动物在生态系统中是相互关联的。故选C。 20．主旨大意题。通读全文，并根据文章第一段“But the lions in East Africa should concern themselves with the seemingly insignificant ants, because these ants are changing their lifestyles.(但是东非的狮子应该关注这些看起来微不足道的蚂蚁，因为这些蚂蚁正在改变它们的生活方式。)”可知，文章主要介绍了小蚂蚁如何影响狮子的捕猎方式。故选C。 （六） （23-24高一下·黑龙江省哈尔滨师范大学附属中学·期中）“Woman reading book, under a night sky, dreamy atmosphere,” I type into Deep Dream Generator’s Text 2 Dream feature. In less than a minute, an image is returned tom e showing what I’ve described. Welcome to the world of AI image generation, where you can create what on the surface looks like top-rank artwork using just a few text prompts (提示). But closer examination shows oddities. The face of the woman in my image has very odd features, and appears to be holding multiple books. And, while there’s an initial thrill at seeing an image appear, there’s no creative satisfaction. AI image generation could impact everything from film to graphic novels and more. Children’s illustrators were quick to raise concerns about the technology. They say AI-generated art is the exact opposite of what art is believed to be. Fundamentally, art is all about translating something that you feel internally into something that exists externally. Whatever form it takes, true art is about the creative process much more than it’s about the final piece. And simply pressing a button to generate an image is not a creative process. Beyond creativity, there are deeper issues. To create images from prompts, AI generator s rely on databases of already existing art and text. This could lead to the creation of images that are intentionally meant to imitate the style of other artists, without their agreement. There is an argument that Al generators work no differently to humans when it comes to being influenced by others’ work, However, a human artist is also adding emotion and nuance (细微差别) into the mix. AI doesn’t do the same — it can only copy. The increasing use of AI will also lead to a devaluing of the work of artists. There’s already a negative prejudice towards the creative industry. People will begin to think that their “work” is as valid as that created by someone who has spent a career making art. It’s nonsense, of course. You can use your mobile phone to take a nice picture of your daughters, but you are no match for professionals. 21．What does the writer think of his image creation? A．Exciting. B．Appealing. C．Unsatisfying. D．Shocking. 22．What do children’s illustrators value most about art? A．The creating process. B．The final work. C．Personal feelings. D．External forms. 23．What is Paragraph 4 of the text mainly about? A．The styles of human artworks and AI ones. B．Human artists’ influence on AI generators. C．Different means used in human and AI art creation. D．The drawbacks of drawing from existing art and text. 24．Which of the following best summarizes the last paragraph? A．Art is the mirror of life. B．Rome is not built in a day. C．No man can do two things at once. D．Jack of all trades, master of none. 【答案】21．C 22．A 23．C 24．B 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章介绍了儿童插画家的观点：人工智能创造的艺术不是真正的艺术。 21．推理判断题。根据第二段中“But closer examination shows oddities. The face of the woman in my image has very odd features, and appears to be holding multiple books. And, while there’s an initial thrill at seeing an image appear, there’s no creative satisfaction. (但仔细检查会发现奇怪的地方。我照片中那个女人的脸有非常奇怪的特征，似乎拿着好几本书。而且，虽然看到图像出现时最初会感到兴奋，但没有创造性的满足感)”可推知，作者对他的图像创作不满意。故选C项。 22．细节理解题。根据文章第三段中“Fundamentally, art is all about translating something that you feel internally into something that exists externally. Whatever form it takes, true art is about the creative process much more than it’s about the final piece. And simply pressing a button to generate an image is not a creative process. (从根本上说，艺术就是将你内在感受到的东西转化为外在存在的东西。无论采取何种形式，真正的艺术都关乎创作过程，而不是最终作品。简单地按下一个按钮来生成图像并不是一个创造性的过程)”可知，儿童插画家最看重艺术创作的过程，因为艺术的核心是将内在感受转化为外在存在，真正的艺术更多地关注创作过程而不是最终作品。故选A项。 23．主旨大意题。根据文章第四段“Beyond creativity, there are deeper issues. To create images from prompts, AI generator s rely on databases of already existing art and text. This could lead to the creation of images that are intentionally meant to imitate the style of other artists, without their agreement. There is an argument that AI generators work no differently to humans when it comes to being influenced by others’ work, However, a human artist is also adding emotion and nuance (细微差别) into the mix. AI doesn’t do the same — it can only copy. (除了创造力之外，还有更深层次的问题。为了从提示创建图像，人工智能生成器依赖于已经存在的艺术和文本的数据库。这可能会导致在未经其他艺术家同意的情况下故意模仿其他艺术家风格的图像。有一种观点认为，在受到他人作品的影响时，AI生成器的工作方式与人类没有什么不同，但是，人类艺术家也在混合中添加了情感和细微差别。人工智能不会做同样的事情——它只能复制)”可知，本段主要讲述了人类和人工智能艺术创造中使用的不同手段。故选C项。 24．主旨大意题。根据文章最后一段“The increasing use of AI will also lead to a devaluing of the work of artists. There’s already a negative prejudice towards the creative industry. People will begin to think that their “work” is as valid as that created by someone who has spent a career making art. It’s nonsense, of course. You can use your mobile phone to take a nice picture of your daughters, but you are no match for professionals. (人工智能的日益普及也将导致艺术家作品的贬值。对创意产业已经存在负面偏见。人们会开始认为他们的“作品”与那些以艺术创作为职业的人所创作的作品一样有效。当然，这是无稽之谈。你可以用你的手机给你的女儿拍一张漂亮的照片，但你不是专业人士的对手)”可知，人工智能的使用会使艺术家的作品贬值。人们会认为他们用AI创作的作品和以艺术创作为职业的人的作品有同样的价值。作者认为这是错误的，在最后一句中，作者认为尽管普通人可以创作出漂亮的作品，也比不上专业人士，作者暗示艺术创作需要经过长期的训练。由此可知，B项“Rome is not built in a day. (罗马非一日建成)”意指任何伟大的事物都需要时间和耐心来建立。故选B项。 （七） （23-24高一下·黑龙江省哈尔滨市第六中学·期中）Time to load up some popular games: new research indicates pigs have the mental capability to play video games. The study, published in Frontiers in Psychology, tested the ability of four pigs (Hamlet, Omelette, Ebony and Ivory) to play a simple joystick (操纵杆) game with their noses, moving a cursor (光标) to four targets on the screen. Although the animals didn’t show the skills to win a round any time, they did show an understanding of some simple games. Performing well not by chance, the pigs appeared to recognize that the movement of the cursor was controlled by the joystick. The fact that they did so well although they didn’t have flexible fingers is “extraordinary”, according to the researchers. That pigs can do this should give us pause about what else they are capable of learning and how such learning may influence them,” said Purdue University’s Dr Candace Croney, the study’s lead author. Researchers also noted that while the pigs could be taught to play the game using food as positive motivation, they also responded well to social interaction. In fact, when the game was made more challenging and the pigs became unwilling to participate in it, “only encouraging words from the experimenter” would make the pigs continue their training. These findings are the latest to highlight the intelligence and learning abilities of pigs. Not only have they been shown to use mirrors to find hidden food, but studies have also shown how pigs can be taught to “come” and “sit” after oral commands. As with any sentient (有感觉力的) beings, how we interact with pigs and what we do to them influences and matters to them. We therefore have a duty to further understand how pigs get information and what they are capable of learning and remembering, because this may help them understand their interactions with us and their environments. 25．What can be learned from Paragraph 1? A．The pigs knew a lot about the video games. B．The pigs operated joysticks with their noses. C．The pigs competed with each other in the games. D．The pigs sometimes performed well by chance. 26．What made researchers believe pigs socially interacted well? A．Their being inspired by human words. B．Their being driven by food. C．Their being willing to keep trying. D．Their being stopped by challenges. 27．Which of the following statement is true according to the passage? A．Pigs can’t play video games for lack of flexible fingers. B．When playing games, pigs can win a round at any time. C．The research suggests that pigs are very friendly animals. D．When games are difficult, pigs are unwilling to play them. 28．What will researchers probably focus on in the next stage of their experiment ? A．How pigs learn to play challenging games. B．How pigs improve their learning ability. C．How pigs manage to get information. D．How pigs adapt to their living environment. 【答案】25．B 26．A 27．D 28．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了研究新发现，猪有学习玩视频游戏的能力，由此展开更详细的研究过程，并指出接下来的研究方向。 25．细节理解题。根据第一段“The study, published in Frontiers in Psychology, tested the ability of four pigs (Hamlet, Omelette, Ebony and Ivory) to play a simple joystick (操纵杆) game with their noses, moving a cursor (光标) to four targets on the screen.(这项发表在《心理学前沿》上的研究测试了四只猪(哈姆雷特、煎蛋、乌木和象牙)用鼻子玩一个简单的操纵杆游戏的能力，将光标移动到屏幕上的四个目标上。)”可知，这些猪是用鼻子控制操纵杆的。故选B。 26．细节理解题。根据第三段“Researchers also noted that while the pigs could be taught to play the game using food as positive motivation, they also responded well to social interaction. In fact, when the game was made more challenging and the pigs became unwilling to participate in it, “only encouraging words from the experimenter” would make the pigs continue their training.(研究人员还指出，虽然可以教猪用食物作为积极的动力来玩游戏，但它们对社交互动的反应也很好。事实上，当游戏变得更具挑战性，猪变得不愿意参与时，“只有实验者鼓励的话”才能让猪继续它们的训练。)”可知，作者举例说猪不愿玩稍困难的游戏时，鼓励的话会使它们继续玩来说明猪和人也有社交互动的。故选A。 27．细节理解题。根据第三段“In fact, when the game was made more challenging and the pigs became unwilling to participate in it, “only encouraging words from the experimenter” would make the pigs continue their training.(事实上，当游戏变得更具挑战性，猪变得不愿意参与时，“只有实验者鼓励的话”才能让猪继续它们的训练。)”可知，当游戏难度大一些时，猪们不愿意玩了，D项中difficult和该句中的challenging意义相近，participate in参与这个游戏，也就是玩这个游戏，所以D项内容符合文章提到的细节。故选D。 28．推理判断题。根据最后一段“We therefore have a duty to further understand how pigs get information and what they are capable of learning and remembering, because this may help them understand their interactions with us and their environments.(因此，我们有责任进一步了解猪是如何获取信息的，以及它们能够学习和记忆什么，因为这可能有助于它们理解它们与我们和环境的相互作用。)”可推测，接下来这些研究人员将会对猪获取信息的方式方法进行研究。故选C。 （八） （23-24高一下·黑龙江省哈尔滨市第六中学·期中）Smart Highway is a creative idea for smart roads of tomorrow: Smart Highway is the result of the teamwork between builder and developer Heijmans and designer Daan Roosegaarde. Among them, Glowing Lines, the world’s first light-emitting (发光的) highway, is a safe and environment-friendly road. The site of the pilot project is a part of the N329 Highway in Oss, located in the province of Noord-Brabant, the Netherlands. The road was built by Heijmans and was designed by Daan Roosegaarde, using light- emitting paints. The paints absorb ultraviolet light (紫外线) during the day and give it off for up to 10 hours at night. Solar energy panels (太阳能板) or other sources of power can provide energy to make sure that the road continues to provide light as required, despite weather or daylight hours. The Van Gogh-Roosegaarde bicycle path is a creative path, inspired by Van Gogh’s The Starry Night and designed by Daan Roosegaarde. There are thousands of light-emitting stones, giving visitors an experience of poetry and design. The path gets energy at daytime and emits light during the night. It is supported by LED light to make sure of safety, quality and light during the whole night. Art and technology merge in this new, public view. The bicycle path is 600 metres long and is part of the Van Gogh cycling path. The Van Gogh-Roosegaarde bicycle path is set up as a cultural and enjoyable road, based on the light-emitting technologies developed for the Smart Highway. Riding a bicycle at this site is a wonderful experience. Furthermore, the path is lit up in such an environment-friendly way without destroying the ecology. As a tourist attraction, the bicycle path also offers economic added value to the Eindhoven region: Visitors can experience the pathway in the evening and will likely stay in the region longer. 29．What can we know about the Glowing Lines? A．It cannot provide light continuously in bad weather. B．It brings light pollution to the environment. C．It’s the result of the teamwork among builders, developers and designers. D．It’s the only highway in the world which can emit light. 30．What does the underlined word “merge” in paragraph 4 mean? A．Come out. B．Take off. C．Take over. D．Mix together. 31．What can we infer about the Van Gogh-Roosegaarde bicycle path from the last paragraph? A．It only attracts cyclists to Eindhoven. B．It should be built in other cities. C．It can promote the local economy. D．Its light has bad effects on ecology. 32．What is the purpose of this text? A．To tell us what future roads are like. B．To show the history of the road development. C．To stress the high technology of the Netherlands. D．To introduce two smart roads. 【答案】29．C 30．D 31．C 32．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍两段智能道路：位于荷兰奥斯的N329高速路段的夜光公路和位于荷兰埃因霍温的梵高·罗斯加德自行车道。 29．细节理解题。根据第一段“Smart Highway is the result of the teamwork between builder and developer Heijmans and designer Daan Roosegaarde.(智能高速公路是建筑商、开发商Heijmans和设计师Daan Roosegaarde合作的结果)”和第二段中的“Among them, Glowing Lines, the world’s first light-emitting (发光的) highway, is a safe and environment-friendly road.(其中，世界上最早的发光高速公路Glowing Lines是一条安全、环保的道路)”可推知，Glowing Lines是属于智能高速公路之一，是建造商、开发商和设计师共同努力的结果。故选C项。 30．词句猜测题。根据画线词上文“The Van Gogh-Roosegaarde bicycle path is a creative path, inspired by Van Gogh’s The Starry Night and designed by Daan Roosegaarde. There are thousands of light-emitting stones, giving visitors an experience of poetry and design. The path gets energy at daytime and emits light during the night. It is supported by LED light to make sure of safety, quality and light during the whole night.(梵高·罗斯加德自行车道是一条创意道路，灵感来自梵高的《星夜》，由丹·罗斯加德设计。这里有成千上万发光的石头，给游客一种诗意和设计的体验。这条路白天获得能量，晚上发光。采用LED灯支撑，保证安全、质量和夜间照明)”可知，梵高·罗斯加德自行车道构思源自梵高的著名作品《星夜》，同时整合了科技的元素，让艺术与科技融合，由此推知“Art and technology merge in this new”中merge是指“融合”，与mix together项意思相近。故选D项。 31．推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“As a tourist attraction, the bicycle path also offers economic added value to the Eindhoven region (作为一个旅游景点，自行车道也为埃因霍温地区提供了经济附加值)”可推知，梵高·罗斯加德自行车道促进了当地经济的发展。故选C项。 32．推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文介绍了两段智能道路：位于荷兰奥斯的N329高速路段的夜光公路和位于荷兰埃因霍温的梵高·罗斯加德自行车道，所以文章目的是介绍两条智能道路。故选D项。 （九） （23-24高一下·黑龙江省哈尔滨市第五十九中学校·期中）Although orcas(虎肆), also known as killer whales, are famous for their attacks on sea animals, they are never a threat to humans. However, since late July, the normally social animals have been purposely attacking sailboats off the coasts of Spain and Portugal. The strange behavior first reported on July 29, 2020, when a 46-foot boat was repeatedly attacked for almost an hour by nine orcas, almost turning the boat over and having its engine turned off. Since then. over 30 more similar incidents have been reported. Researchers across the world are trying to explain the orcas’ behavior. Some believe it could be a result of the overfishing of the bluefin tuna-the orcas’ main food source-which has made the area’s killer whales hungry and unable to feed their babies. “I saw them look at boats carrying fish. I think they know humans are related to food shortages,”says Ken Balcomb, senior scientist at the Center for Whale Research in USA．The environmentalists believe that there is another reason for the agitation. They think the orcas’ behavior could also be caused by the sudden increase in boat. Human beings sail across the sea again, after months of restrictions(限制)on human activity last spring However, Alfredo López, a biology professor in Spain, thinks the attacks are preventive (预防性) measures the orcas took to guard themselves against boat injuries. The researcher made such a summary after looking at the videos of a few incidents and noticing that two of the young killer whales involved had serious injuries. Hopefully, the experts will be able to find a way to bring the peace between the animals and the humans back soon. 33．What can we infer about orcas from the first two paragraphs? A．They are friendly to humans. B．They always attacking boats. C．They have changed their behavior. D．They are famous for hunting skills. 34．The underlined word “agitation” in Paragraph 3 probably refers to ___. A．the attacks B．boat injuries C．fishing activities D．human activities 35．Which of the following may Alfredo Lopez agree with? A．Orcas attack boats for food. B．Orcas attack boats to protect themselves. C．Orcas are living peacefully with humans. D．Orcas are often hurt by human activities. 36．Which of the following would be the best title for the passage? A．How Do Killer Whales Attack Humans? B．Why Are Killer Whales Attacking Boats? C．What Can We Do to Help Killer Whales? D．Why Should We Stop Hunting Killer Whales? 【答案】33．C 34．A 35．B 36．B 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了虎鲸，以攻击海洋动物而闻名，但它们对人类从来都不是威胁。然而，自7月下旬以来，这种通常群居的动物开始在西班牙和葡萄牙海岸故意袭击帆船。从而，世界各地的研究人员都在试图解释虎鲸的奇怪行为。 33．推理判断题。根据第一段中“However, since late July, the normally social animals have been purposely attacking sailboats off the coasts of Spain and Portugal.”（然而，自7月下旬以来，这种通常群居的动物开始在西班牙和葡萄牙海岸故意袭击帆船。）以及第二段“The strange behavior first reported on July 29, 2020, when a 46-foot boat was repeatedly attacked for almost an hour by nine orcas, almost turning the boat over and having its engine turned off. Since then.  over 30 more similar incidents have been reported.”（这种奇怪的行为首次报道于2020年7月29日，当时一艘46英尺长的船被9只逆戟鲸反复攻击了近一个小时，几乎把船翻了，发动机也被关闭了。从那时起。据报道，还有30多起类似事件。）可知，从前两段我们能推断出虎鲸它们已经改变了自己的行为。故选C项。 34．词句猜测题。根据第一二段提到的虎鲸故意袭击帆船，引出话题，提到袭击。以及第三段中“Some believe it could be a result of the overfishing of the bluefin tuna-the orcas’ main food source-which has made the area’s killer whales hungry and unable to feed their babies.”（一些人认为这可能是由于过度捕捞蓝鳍金枪鱼(虎鲸的主要食物来源)造成的，这使得该地区的虎鲸感到饥饿，无法喂养它们的孩子。）可知，为分析袭击的原因。和“The environmentalists believe that there is another reason”（环保主义者认为还有另一个原因）可推知，为分析袭击的另一个原因。故可猜测划线单词agitation为“袭击”的意思，结合选项A项the attacks“袭击”意思一致。故选A项。 35．细节理解题。根据最后一段中“However, Alfredo López, a biology professor in Spain, thinks the attacks are preventive measures the orcas took to guard themselves against boat injuries.”（然而，西班牙生物学教授Alfredo López认为，这些攻击是虎鲸为保护自己免受船只伤害而采取的预防性措施。）可知，Alfredo Lopez认为虎鲸攻击船只是为了保护自己。故选B项。 36．主旨大意题。根据文章大意以及第一段“Although orcas, also known as killer whales, are famous for their attacks on sea animals, they are never a threat to humans. However, since late July, the normally social animals have been purposely attacking sailboats off the coasts of Spain and Portugal.”（虽然虎肆，也被称为虎鲸，以攻击海洋动物而闻名，但它们对人类从来都不是威胁。然而，自7月下旬以来，这种通常群居的动物开始在西班牙和葡萄牙海岸故意袭击帆船。）以及下文提到的世界各地的研究人员都在试图解释虎鲸的行为。故可推知，文章最好的标题是“虎鲸为什么要攻击船只？”。故选B项。 （十） （23-24高一下·黑龙江省哈尔滨市第五十九中学校·期中）Plays are an important part of British culture. The West End theatre district in London is the best place to watch a professional play, but acting also takes place in every school and village hall across the country. There are over 2,500 non-professional drama groups in the UK today and they are an active part of community life. people from all walks of life take on acting roles in addition to their regular jobs. They do it for fun, for the love of acting and as a way to meet new people. Not everyone in a drama club is a skilled actor, but enthusiasm(热情)is considered to be more important than talent. Friends, family members and neighbours enjoy getting together to watch the final performance and telling the people they know to “break a leg(走运)”. It’s a great way of bringing communities together. Also, in many rural parts of Britain, non-professional theatre is the only chance people have to see plays for miles around. Many people get a taste for acting at school. Every school puts on a play at least once per year, usually at Christmas, and parents love coming to watch their children perform. Ask any British person and they’re sure to have happy memories of being in their school’s Christmas play, whether they played the role of Mary or Joseph or perhaps even a sheep or a donkey. Another Christmas theatre tradition is the pantomime(舞剧). Pantomimes are a type of musical comedy for families .the audience is encouraged to participate in the performance-singing along with the music and shouting to the actors. Pantomimes are really fun to watch, especially for children. British people love going to the theatre, professional or not, and many of them also enjoy performing. If you have the chance, go and see a play in the UK. 37．What matters most for an actor in a drama club, according to the article? A．Talent B．Enthusiasm C．Professional training D．Support from family 38．According to the article, what is special about pantomimes? A．All the performers are professional child actors B．The audience is allowed to play some small roles in them C．The audience is encouraged to interact with the actors D．The musical comedy is always about family life 39．According to the article most Britain people ____________. A．learn how to be a professional actor in school B．consider acting to be their regular jobs C．often participated in performance when in school D．watch plays in the West End theatre district in London 40．What is the article mainly about? A．Reasons why British people love plays B．The origin of theatre traditions in the UK C．Rules for theatergoers to follow in the UK D．The popularity of non-professional plays in the UK 【答案】37．B 38．C 39．C 40．D 【导语】这是一篇说明文。戏剧是英国文化的一个重要组成部分。本文讲述了在英国，非专业的戏剧表演深受人们欢迎。 37．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Not everyone in a drama club is a skilled actor, but enthusiasm(热情)is considered to be more important than talent.(戏剧俱乐部的人不是每个人都是演技精湛的演员，但热情比天赋更重要。)”可知，热情对于戏剧俱乐部的演员来说最重要。故选B。 38．细节理解题。根据文章第五段“Another Christmas theatre tradition is the pantomime(舞剧). Pantomimes are a type of musical comedy for families .the audience is encouraged to participate in the performance-singing along with the music and shouting to the actors.(圣诞节戏剧的另一个传统是舞剧。舞剧是一种适合家庭观看的音乐喜剧，鼓励观众跟着音乐一起唱歌，并向演员大喊。)”可知，舞剧的特殊之处在于观众可以和演员互动表演。故选C。 39．细节理解题。根据文章第四段“Many people get a taste for acting at school. Every school puts on a play at least once per year, usually at Christmas, and parents love coming to watch their children perform.(很多人在学校里就喜欢上了表演。每所学校每年至少上演一次戏剧，通常是在圣诞节，家长们都喜欢来看他们的孩子表演。)”可知，大多数英国人在学校经常参加戏剧表演。故选C。 40．主旨大意题。根据文章最后一段British people love going to the theatre, professional or not, and many of them also enjoy performing.(英国人喜欢去剧院，不管是不是专业的，很多人也喜欢表演。)”可知，在英国，非专业的戏剧表演深受人们欢迎。故选D。 （十一） （23-24高一下·黑龙江省齐齐哈尔市·期中）For those of us who grew up watching Star Trek, exploring space has been about discovering strange new worlds. And there are plenty of worlds to explore in time, but we still need major technological advancements to reach planets that are light years away. What we are doing in space today is providing unbelievable benefits right now, right here on Earth. From space, we can monitor, manage and care for our planet. Satellite-based sensors show us the short- and long-term effects of human activity on our environment. Many companies are using their interest in space to help solve problems here, from using hyperspectral imaging(高光谱成像), which enable us to map vegetation(植被) and rain forests, to microsatellites that provide global connectivity for the network of things. My company, OneWeb, is focusing on what I believe is one of the world’s most important issues: the need for equal access to the Internet. The Internet has become our economic lifeblood. And yet, nearly half of the world’s population doesn’t have Internet access. Space is playing a key role in bridging this digital divide. OneWeb is launching 1,980 satellites to help bring Internet access to people everywhere, and our first production satellites are already flying in space and have shown very high download speeds. Fiber and cable Internet access technologies already cover most financially viable(可行的) major cities. Similarly, these regions will also be the first to be served with 5G. Poor communities are the last to get connected, and without connectivity, those communities have no chance to lift themselves from poverty. OneWeb’s satellites will reach every community in the world and enable equal access to the Internet for the world’s less developed places. Fifty years from the day when man first walked on the moon, we are still only approaching the possible. There will be tens of thousands of new satellites, space stations and factories in the coming years to bring advancements in communications, scientific research, monitoring the earth, exploring space and more. This is exciting, but we must take action carefully. 41．What is the second paragraph mainly about? A．Benefits space exploration can bring to us. B．Problems space exploration leads to. C．Steps of space exploration requires. D．Equipment space exploration needs. 42．What is OneWeb aiming to do? A．Increase download speeds. B．Narrow the gap in Internet learning. C．Help people set up and maintain a website. D．Enable people to make use of the Internet equally. 43．What can be inferred from the text? A．More than six decades ago, man first walked on the moon. B．More than half of the world’s people have no access to the Internet. C．OneWeb’s satellites will make it possible for most people to be served with 5G. D．Without the Internet, poor communities can hardly help themselves out of poverty. 44．What will the writer probably continue to write about in the following paragraph? A．The risks of furthering space exploration. B．The value of setting up space stations. C．The way we could monitor our earth. D．The features of microsatellites. 【答案】41．A 42．D 43．D 44．A 【导语】本文是一篇议论文，主要讲述了我们在太空中取得的进步给地球带来了难以置信的好处，但我们仍然需要谨慎。 41．主旨大意题。根据第二段首句“What we are doing in space today is providing unbelievable benefits right now, right here on Earth.(我们今天在太空中所做的一切，在地球上此时此地正在提供令人难以置信的好处。)”并结合下文内容可知，本段主要讲述了太空探索带来的好处。故选A。 42．细节理解题。根据第三段中的“My company, OneWeb, is focusing on what I believe is one of the world’s most important issues: the need for equal access to the Internet. (我的公司OneWeb正专注于我认为是世界上最重要的问题之一：平等访问互联网的需要。)”可知，OneWeb致力于让人们能够拥有平等使用互联网的机会。故选D。 43．推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Poor communities are the last to get connected, and without connectivity, those communities have no chance to lift themselves from poverty.(贫困社区是最后一个建立连接的社区，如果没有连接，这些社区就没有机会摆脱贫困。)”可推出，如果没有网络，贫困社区很难摆脱贫困。故选D。 44．推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“There will be tens of thousands of new satellites, space stations and factories in the coming years to bring advancements in communications, scientific research, monitoring the earth, exploring space and more. This is exciting, but we must take action carefully.(未来几年，将有数以万计的新卫星、空间站和工厂，为通信、科学研究、地球监测、太空探索等领域带来进步。这是令人兴奋的，但我们必须谨慎地采取行动。)”可知，作者在文章最后提到，虽然未来我们将继续在太空中取得进度，但我们需要谨慎采取行动，由此可推测，接下来可能会讲述进一步探索太空有可能遇到的风险，这属于导致要谨慎行动的潜在因素。故选A。 （十二） （23-24高一下·黑龙江省齐齐哈尔市·期中）The Chinese Students and Scholars Association in the UK held a Spring Festival gala (庆典) on Wednesday in London to count down to the Chinese New Year. More than 900attendees, including representatives from British universities and education institutions, as well as Chinese students and scholars, joined to enjoy a feast of Chinese culture. This year’s Chinese New Year falls on Saturday, and 2024 is the year of the dragon based on the Chinese zodiac. The dragon is considered by the Chinese people to represent dignity, prestige, and fortune. The festival gala, with a theme of “Soaring Dragon’s Spring Melody”, featured Chinese folk music, dance, singing, martial arts performance and more. During the event, Zheng Zeguang, China’s ambassador to the UK, made a speech to the attendees, highlighting major accomplishments achieved in the past year and stating China’s future development focuses. He pointed out that China will determinedly pursue high-quality development and Chinese modernization to advance the great rejuvenation (复兴) of the Chinese nation. China will also call for an equal and orderly multipolar (多级的) world as well as for inclusive economic globalization that benefits all, Zheng noted. “Our motherland has bright prospects for future growth,” he said. The ambassador praised Chinese students and scholars for being hardworking and behaving in a controlled way, saying that the number of Chinese students in the UK has significantly increased due to the transformation of China. “I hope you will carry on the tradition of patriotism. I hope you will ai m high and work hard. I hope you will unit e and help each other, as well as make friends widely. I hope you will grow into the backbone of the nation in the near future,” he said. Alistair Fitt, vice-headmaster of Oxford Brookes University, extended warm wishes of good fortune and prosperity in the year of the dragon and expressed hope for progress in Sino-British relations. “I am very sure that our two great nations will continue to expand all of our very successful relationships,” he said. 45．What does the underlined word “prestige” in Paragraph 2 mean? A．The condition of being strange and alone. B．The condition of being respected and admired. C．The condition of being large and frightening. D．The condition of being followed and monitored. 46．Why has the number of Chinese students significantly risen in the UK according to Zheng Zeguang? A．Advertising activities have been organized well in China to promote British universities. B．Chinese students are most attracted by the scenery in the UK. C．The education fees in the UK have been reduced. D．Great changes have taken place in China. 47．What does Alistair Fitt mainly express in the last paragraph? A．His suggestions. B．His surprises. C．His arrangements. D．His expectations. 48．What is the best title for the news report? A．Spring Festival gala brings joy to Chinese students in UK B．Chinese students in UK count down to Chinese New Year C．Warm wishes of good fortune expressed in year of dragon in UK D．China’s ambassador to UK states China’s future development focuses 【答案】45．B 46．D 47．D 48．A 【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。英国中国学生学者联谊会周三在伦敦举办了春节联欢晚会，为中国新年倒计时。900多名来自英国大学和教育机构的代表，以及中国学生和学者，共同享受了一场中国文化的盛宴。文章主要介绍了此次活动的一些具体情况。 45．词句猜测题。根据该词描述的对象是“the dragon”以及该词前后的“dignity(尊严)”和“fortune(财富)”可知该词是“声望；威信”的意思。故划线词意思是“被尊重和钦佩的状态”，故选B。 46．细节理解题。根据第六段“The ambassador praised Chinese students and scholars for being hardworking and behaving in a controlled way, saying that the number of Chinese students in the UK has significantly increased due to the transformation of China.(这位大使赞扬了中国学生和学者的勤奋和克制，他说，由于中国的转型，在英国的中国学生人数大幅增加)”可知，在英国的中国学生数量会大幅增加是因为中国发生了巨大的变化。故选D。 47．主旨大意题。根据最后一段“Alistair Fitt, vice-headmaster of Oxford Brookes University, extended warm wishes of good fortune and prosperity in the year of the dragon and expressed hope for progress in Sino-British relations. “I am very sure that our two great nations will continue to expand all of our very successful relationships,” he said.(牛津布鲁克斯大学副校长阿利斯泰尔·菲特热烈祝愿中国龙年吉祥如意，并祝愿中英关系取得更大发展。他说：“我非常确信，我们两个伟大的国家将继续扩大我们所有非常成功的关系。”)”可知，Alistair Fitt在最后一段主要表达了他的期望。故选D。 48．主旨大意题。根据第一段“The Chinese Students and Scholars Association in the UK held a Spring Festival gala (庆典) on Wednesday in London to count down to the Chinese New Year. More than 900attendees, including representatives from British universities and education institutions, as well as Chinese students and scholars, joined to enjoy a feast of Chinese culture.(英国中国学生学者联谊会周三在伦敦举办了春节联欢晚会，为中国新年倒计时。900多名来自英国大学和教育机构的代表，以及中国学生和学者，共同享受了一场中国文化的盛宴)”结合文章主要介绍了此次活动的一些具体情况。可知，A选项“春节联欢晚会给在英中国留学生带来欢乐”最符合文章标题。故选A。 （十三） （23-24高一下·黑龙江省大庆市大庆中学·期中）In an effort to help out important insects like bees and butterflies, bus stops across the United Kingdom (UK) are getting living roofs. Small gardens on bus shelter roofs are being planted with flowers chosen to help support the struggling insects. The gardens provide much-needed islands of nature in a hard, man-made environment of a city. Humans depend on bees and other “pollinators (授粉者)” like butterflies to help grow plants, such as flowers and trees. But with humans taking over more and more land for cities, roads and farms, more natural areas have disappeared. The Wildlife Trusts, a group which works to protect wildlife in the UK, says that 97% of England’s wildflower fields have been lost since World War II and the insect numbers there have dropped by 50% since 1970. Bee bus stops are a small step toward supporting these important insects. The advertising company Clear Channel is working with The Wildlife Trusts and city governments to set up bee bus stops in cities across the UK. Bee bus stops are like ordinary bus shelters, but small gardens have been added to the roofs. The gardens are filled with flowers and plants chosen to attract bees and butterflies. Because the soil for the rooftop garden is heavy, especially when it rains, the bus shelters need to be sturdy. The rooftop gardens need to be cut about twice a year. But other than that, not much is needed to keep the gardens going. Clear Channel manages about 30,000 bus stops across the UK. It says that most bus stops last about 20 years. The little gardens can also help to slightly lower city temperatures. Even though the bus shelter gardens are small, together they add up to a much larger area. Thirzah McSherry, who works for The Wildlife Trusts, says, “We’re living through a nature and climate crisis and we need to use every tool we’ve got to deal with it.” 49．Why are bee bus stop gardens being built in the UK? A．To improve farming conditions. B．To make the city more beautiful. C．To solve the environment pollution. D．To provide shelters for pollinating insects. 50．What leads to the insect numbers dropping sharply in England? A．Loss of forests. B．Climate changes. C．Human activities. D．Natural disasters. 51．What does the underlined word “sturdy” mean in paragraph 3? A．Easily broken. B．Extremely popular. C．Firmly fixed. D．Finely decorated. 52．What can be inferred from the last paragraph? A．The city temperature is getting lower slowly. B．Small actions can also make a big difference. C．Cities should map out larger gardens for the insects. D．The bee bus stop will change the climate of the UK. 【答案】49．D 50．C 51．C 52．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍英国为保护授粉而建立的蜜蜂巴士站。 49．细节理解题。根据第一段“In an effort to help out important insects like bees and butterflies, bus stops across the United Kingdom (UK) are getting living roofs. Small gardens on bus shelter roofs are being planted with flowers chosen to help support the struggling insects. The gardens provide much-needed islands of nature in a hard, man-made environment of a city.(为了帮助蜜蜂和蝴蝶等重要昆虫，英国各地的公交车站正在安装“活屋顶”。公共汽车候车亭屋顶上的小花园种上了精心挑选的鲜花，以帮助这些在困境中挣扎的昆虫。这些花园在城市恶劣的人造环境中提供了急需的自然岛屿)”和第二段“Humans depend on bees and other “pollinators (授粉者)” like butterflies to help grow plants, such as flowers and trees.(人类依靠蜜蜂和蝴蝶等其他“传粉昆虫”来帮助种植植物，如花草树木)”可知，英国在公共汽车候车亭屋顶上安装小花园是为了为传粉昆虫提供庇护所。故选D。 50．细节理解题。第二段中“But with humans taking over more and more land for cities, roads and farms, more natural areas have disappeared. The Wildlife Trusts, a group which works to protect wildlife in the UK, says that 97% of England’s wildflower fields have been lost since World War II and the insect numbers there have dropped by 50% since 1970. (但随着人类占用越来越多的土地建设城市、道路和农场，越来越多的自然区域消失了。野生动物信托基金会是一个致力于保护英国野生动物的组织，该组织表示，自第二次世界大战以来，英格兰97%的野花田已经消失，那里的昆虫数量自1970年以来下降了50%)”可知，人类活动的干预导致英国昆虫数量急剧下降。故选C。 51．词句猜测题。根据划线词所在句子“Because the soil for the rooftop garden is heavy, especially when it rains, the bus shelters need to be sturdy. (因为屋顶花园的土壤很重，特别是下雨的时候，公共汽车候车亭需要sturdy)”中Because可知，句中存在因果关系。因为屋顶花园的土壤很重，又特别是下雨的时候，所以候车亭需要非常坚固才行。划线词意为“结实的，坚固的”，与firmly fixed同义。故选C。 52．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“The little gardens can also help to slightly lower city temperatures. Even though the bus shelter gardens are small, together they add up to a much larger area.(这些小花园还能略微降低城市温度。尽管公交候车亭花园很小，但它们加在一起的面积要大得多)”可知，小花园还可以帮助略微降低城市温度。由此推断，小小行为可以产生大大影响。故选B。 （十四） （23-24高一下·黑龙江省大庆市大庆中学·期中）For most of human history, the stars shone brightly in a dark night sky. But today, cities and towns, increasingly lit by artificial light at night, dramatically reduce the visibility of stars. Satellite data suggests that light pollution has been increasing in many parts of the world over the last decade. However, satellites miss the blue light of LEDs (发光的二极管), which are commonly used for outdoor lighting, resulting in an underestimate of light pollution. An international citizen science project called Globe at Night (环球夜景) aims to measure how everyday people’s view of the sky is changing. The data shows that the night sky got, on average, 9.6% brighter every year. For many people, the night sky today is twice as bright as it was eight years ago. The brighter the sky, the fewer stars you can see. If this trend continues, a child born today in a place where 250 stars are visible now would only be able to see 100 stars on his/her 18th birthday. The main factors leading to increasing brightness of the night sky are industrialization and the growing use of LEDs for outdoor lighting. The loss of dark skies threatens our ability as astronomers to do good science. But everyday people feel this loss too. Starry night skies have inspired artists, writers, musicians and philosophers for thousands of years. Light pollution also has a bad effect on the daily cycle of light and dark that plants and animals use to adjust their lifestyle. Two-thirds of the world’s key biodiversity (生物多样性) areas are affected by light pollution. Individuals and their communities can make simple changes to reduce light pollution. The secret is using the right amount of light, in the right place and at the right time. Making outdoor lights shine downward, using lights that give out more yellow-colored light instead of white light and putting on light timers can all help reduce light pollution. A view of about 2,500 stars in a truly dark sky might convince you that dark skies are a resource worth saving. 53．How is the first paragraph mainly developed? A．By giving an example. B．By making a comparison. C．By reaching a conclusion. D．By raising a question. 54．What do the figures in the third paragraph indicate? A．The light pollution is getting more serious. B．The night sky today gets darker than before. C．It’s difficult to imagine a child’s fast growth. D．LEDs are commonly used for outdoor lighting. 55．What does Paragraph 4 mainly tell us? A．The bad effects of light pollution. B．The factors causing light pollution. C．The functions of starry night skies. D．Key biodiversity areas in the world. 56．What is the purpose of writing this text? A．To explain a phenomenon. B．To suggest a solution. C．To remember a scientist. D．To increase public awareness. 【答案】53．B 54．A 55．A 56．D 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍光污染产生的原因，光污染给环境带来的危害以及减少光污染的措施。 53．推理判断题。由文章第一段“For most of human history, the stars shone brightly in a dark night sky. But today, cities and towns, increasingly lit by artificial light at night, dramatically reduce the visibility of stars.(在人类历史的大部分时间里，星星在黑暗的夜空中闪闪发光。但今天，城市和城镇在夜间越来越多地被人造光照亮，大大降低了恒星的能见度。)”可知，文章第一段主要通过讲述过去太空情况和现在的对比来展开的。故选B项。 54．推理判断题。由文章第三段“The data shows that the night sky got, on average, 9.6% brighter every year. For many people, the night sky today is twice as bright as it was eight years ago. The brighter the sky, the fewer stars you can see. If this trend continues, a child born today in a place where 250 stars are visible now would only be able to see 100 stars on his/her 18th birthday.(数据显示，夜空平均每年明亮9.6%。对许多人来说，今天的夜空是八年前的两倍明亮。天空越亮，你能看到的星星就越少。如果这种趋势继续下去，今天出生在一个现在可以看到250颗星的地方的孩子，在他/她的18岁生日那天只能看到100颗星。)”可知，第三段数据表明了光污染越来越严重。故选A项。 55．主旨大意题。由文章第四段“The loss of dark skies threatens our ability as astronomers to do good science. But everyday people feel this loss too. Starry night skies have inspired artists, writers, musicians and philosophers for thousands of years. Light pollution also has a bad effect on the daily cycle of light and dark that plants and animals use to adjust their lifestyle. Two-thirds of the world’s key biodiversity (生物多样性) areas are affected by light pollution.(黑暗天空的消失威胁着我们作为天文学家进行科学研究的能力。但每天人们也会感受到这种损失。数千年来，星空一直激励着艺术家、作家、音乐家和哲学家。光污染也会对植物和动物用来调整生活方式的每日明暗循环产生不良影响。世界上三分之二的关键生物多样性区域受到光污染的影响。)”以及上文可知，本段主要讲光污染的不良影响。故选A项。 56．推理判断题。由文章第一段“For most of human history, the stars shone brightly in a dark night sky. But today, cities and towns, increasingly lit by artificial light at night, dramatically reduce the visibility of stars.(在人类历史的大部分时间里，星星在黑暗的夜空中闪闪发光。但今天，城市和城镇在夜间越来越多地被人造光照亮，大大降低了恒星的能见度。)”以及下文可知，文章主要介绍光污染产生的原因，光污染给环境带来的危害以及减少光污染的措施，其目的是为了提高公众对光污染的意识。故选D项。 （十五） （23-24高一下·黑龙江省大庆铁人中学·期中）In early July, FDA granted traditional full approval of Leqembi for the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). This is the first approved medication proven to slow the progression of AD’s clinical symptoms. A phase three trial among 50-to-90-year-old patients with early AD showed that it can do so by about 27% over an 18-month period. While we cannot extrapolate (推断) beyond 18 months, this represents about a six-month delay in progression of AD symptoms. A second disease-slowing drug, donanemab, has recently shown similar effects and may get FDA approval by the end of the year.The development of Leqembi is a notable success for medical science in that a disease previously impervious to any disease-modifying medical intervention now has an available, effective treatment. However, paraphrasing Winston Churchill, this is not the beginning of the end but the end of the beginning. The drug does not reverse disease symptoms or prevent progression, it slows progression. And there are considerations that make it inappropriate for many patients with AD．It does, however, lay the groundwork for future AD medications that could alleviate (减轻) suffering from this devastating disease for generations to come. An important factor for new drugs is their cost. Leqembi’s price tag is $26,500 per year — much more than the current symptomatic medications for AD but comparable or less expensive than new medications for other conditions, for example multiple sclerosis or ALS. Medicare has announced that it will provide coverage for this medication, although it is requiring that physicians perform certain clinical measures and enter the patient’s data in a registry in order for the drug to be covered, which will increase physician and patient burdens. What’s more, traditional Medicare only covers 80% of outpatient costs, so for those patients without supplemental insurance, a 20% copay for the drug and required MRI scans (核磁共振扫描) might amount to up to $10,000 or more per year out of pocket, but still only a fraction of the cost of a year of in a nursing home. 57．What can we learn from the first two paragraph? A．Leqembi can make a six-month delay of AD’s symptoms over a two-year period. B．To some degree, Leqembi is effective to slow the progression of AD symptoms. C．Both donanemab and Leqembi have got FDA approval. D．The drug is appropriate for any patient with AD． 58．The underlined sentence in Paragraph 2 means _____ in the passage. A．although the new drug has undergone trials, it is still not effective enough B．though Leqembi can slow the progression of AD’s symptoms, we still have a long way to go C．the research of the Leqembi will come to an end D．some others problems related to the the medicine have been caused 59．Leqembi’s price is _____ according to the passage. A．much cheaper than other medications for AD B．much more than current medications for other conditions C．affordable to almost every patient D．cheaper than new medications for ALS 60．Medicare will provide coverage for this medication on condition that _____. A．physician and patient burdens are increased B．patients do not have supplemental insurance C．patient’s data is registered and clinical measures are carried out by doctors D．patients pay the cost of a year of in a nursing home 【答案】57．B 58．B 59．D 60．C 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一种可以缓解痴呆症症状的新药Leqembi的情况。 57．细节理解题。根据第一段“In early July, FDA granted traditional full approval of Leqembi for the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). This is the first approved medication proven to slow the progression of AD’s clinical symptoms.( 7月初，FDA正式批准Leqembi用于治疗阿尔茨海默病（AD）。这是第一个被证实可以减缓阿尔茨海默病临床症状进展的药物)”以及第二段“The drug does not reverse disease symptoms or prevent progression, it slows progression. (这种药物不能逆转疾病症状或阻止疾病进展，而是减缓疾病进展)”可知，在一定程度上，Leqembi能有效减缓AD症状的进展。故选B。 58．句意猜测题。根据划线词后文“The drug does not reverse disease symptoms or prevent progression, it slows progression.(这种药物不能逆转疾病症状或阻止疾病进展，而是减缓疾病进展)”以及后文“And there are considerations that make it inappropriate for many patients with AD.(还有一些考虑因素使得它不适合许多AD患者)”可知，后文提到Leqembi不能逆转疾病症状或阻止疾病进展，而是减缓疾病进展。并且一些考虑因素使得它不适合许多AD患者，说明了虽然Leqembi可以减缓阿尔茨海默病的症状，但我们还有很长的路要走。故划线句意思是“虽然Leqembi可以减缓阿尔茨海默病的症状，但我们还有很长的路要走”。故选B。 59．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Leqembi’s price tag is $26,500 per year—much more than the current symptomatic medications for AD but comparable or less expensive than new medications for other conditions, for example multiple sclerosis or ALS.(Leqembi的价格为每年26500美元——比目前治疗阿尔茨海默病的对症药物高得多，但与治疗多发性硬化症或肌萎缩侧索硬化症等其他疾病的新药物相当或更便宜)”可知，Leqembi的价格比治疗ALS的新药便宜。故选D。 60．细节理解题。根据最后一段“Medicare has announced that it will provide coverage for this medication, although it is requiring that physicians perform certain clinical measures and enter the patient’s data in a registry in order for the drug to be covered, which will increase physician and patient burdens.(医疗保险已经宣布，它将为这种药物提供保险，尽管它要求医生执行某些临床措施，并将患者的数据输入注册表，以便将药物纳入保险范围，这将增加医生和患者的负担)”可知，医疗保险将为这种药物提供保险，条件是患者的数据被注册，临床措施由医生执行。故选C。 （十六） （23-24高一下·黑龙江省大庆铁人中学·期中）This week, Google researchers published a paper describing results from an AI tool built to create music. The tool, called MusicLM, is not the first AI music tool to be launched. But the examples Google provided demonstrate musical creative ability based on a limited set of descriptive words. Several different music examples produced by MusicLM were published online. Some of the generated music came from just one- or two-word descriptions, such as “jazz”, “rock” or “techno (高科技舞曲)”. The tool also created other examples from more detailed descriptions containing whole sentences. In one example, Google researchers included these instructions to MusicLM, “It is a soundtrack of a game. It is fast-paced and upbeat, with a catchy electric guitar riff (反复乐节). The music is repetitive and easy to remember, but with unexpected sounds ...” In the resulting recording, the music seemed to keep very close to the description. The team said the more detailed the description was, the better the system could attempt to produce it. The MusicLM model operates similarly to the machine-learning systems used by ChatGPT. ChatGPT and MusicLM both require powerful computers to operate complex machine-learning models. The San Francisco-based company OpenAI launched ChatGPT late last year. ChatGPT has recently received a lot of attention because of its ability to generate complex writings and other content from just a simple description in natural languages. Such tools can produce human-like results because they are trained on huge amounts of data. Many different materials are fed into the systems to permit them to learn complex skills to create realistic works. However, the MusicLM researchers said there were some risks linked to the new tool. One of the biggest issues the researchers identified was biases (偏好) present in the training data. A bias might be including too much of one side and not enough of the other. The researchers said this raised a question about appropriateness for music generation for cultures underrepresented in the training data. 61．What can we learn about MusicLM? A．It is the first AI music tool to be launched. B．It requires detailed descriptions of full sentences. C．It creates music based on simple descriptive words. D．It generates complex writings from a simple description. 62．What is the similarity between ChatGPT and MusicLM? A．They can take the place of musicians. B．They have gained commercial success. C．They don't have any practical use in life. D．They are based on huge amounts of data. 63．Which of the following is an issue of the MusicLM model? A．Creating music with strong biases. B．Requiring too much training data. C．Being difficult for some people to use. D．Producing music works with no creativity. 64．What would be the best title for the text? A．The future of humans with AI B．A new AI tool to make music C．Music created by some AI tools D．AI and its function in culture development 【答案】61．C 62．D 63．A 64．B 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了谷歌研发了一种叫做MusicLM的AI智能工具，这种AI工具可以根据书面描述和其他输入创建音乐。 61．细节理解题。根据第一段中“But the examples Google provided demonstrate musical creative ability based on a limited set of descriptive words.(但谷歌提供的例子展示了基于有限的描述性词语的音乐创作能力。)”和第二段中“Several different music examples produced by MusicLM were published online. Some of the generated music came from just one- or two-word descriptions, such as ‘jazz’, ‘rock’ or ‘techno (高科技舞曲)’. (MusicLM制作的几个不同的音乐示例在网上发布。一些生成的音乐仅来自一两个词的描述，如‘爵士’、‘摇滚’或‘科技’。)”可知，关于MusicLM我们能了解到它能根据简单的描述词创作音乐。故选C项。 62．细节理解题。根据第四段中“Such tools can produce human-like results because they are trained on huge amounts of data. (这些工具可以产生类似人类的结果，因为它们经过了大量数据的训练。)”可知， ChatGPT和MusicLM之间的相似之处是它们都是基于大量的数据。故选D项。 63．细节理解题。根据最后一段中“One of the biggest issues the researchers identified was biases (偏好) present in the training data. A bias might be including too much of one side and not enough of the other. (研究人员发现的最大问题之一是训练数据中存在的偏见。偏见可能是包括了太多的一方面，而没有足够的另一方面。)”可知，MusicLM模型的问题是创作带有强烈偏见的音乐。故选A项。 64．主旨大意题。根据第一段中“This week, Google researchers published a paper describing results from an AI tool built to create music. The tool, called MusicLM, is not the first AI music tool to be launched. (本周，谷歌研究人员发表了一篇论文，描述了一种用于创作音乐的人工智能工具的结果。这个名为MusicLM的工具并不是第一个推出的人工智能音乐工具。)”并结合全文可知，本文讲述了谷歌研发出叫做MusicLM的AI智能工具，这种AI工具可以根据书面描述和其他输入创建音乐。选项B符合主题，故选B项。 （十七） （23-24高一下·黑龙江省密山市第一中学·期中）One debate about chicken eggs is why white eggs usually cost more than brown ones. Some people think white eggs are more nutritious (有营养的). Is that true? According to Sherman Hickman, the director of community outreach and education for Hickman’s Family Farms, it’s first important to know why chickens have different egg colors. Jesse LaFlamme is the CEO of Pete and Gerry’s Organic Egg. She says, the chicken breed (品种) decides whether or not hens have pigment genes, the natural chemical that results in a colored shell. Although all eggs start out white in color, shell color can change from white to brown and even blue in some rare breeds. An interesting way to know what color eggs a hen lays is to look at the color of its ear feathers (羽毛), LaFlamme says. Breeds such as the Leghorn chickens lay white eggs, while Orpington chickens lay brown eggs and Ameraucana chickens produce blue eggs. Hickman notes that the Leghorn breed is a popular choice for farmers because it lays more eggs. Hens that produce colored eggshells, however, usually are larger and require more feed and energy to create that painted shells. Since those breeds cost more to feed, their eggs are more expensive. Although eggs sometimes look different and are priced differently, it’s impossible to know their nutrition according to shell color alone. “Choosing between brown and white eggs is a matter of personal preference,” Malina Linkas Malkani, media spokesperson for the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics, says. “But it’s important for people to know that the color of the eggshell is related to the breed of the hen, not the egg’s nutrition, quality or shell thickness.” What does affect the nutrition is the specific food the hen eats, according to Malkani. 65．What decides the color of eggshells? A．Hens’ breed. B．Eggs’ nutrition. C．Shell thickness. D．Hens’ ear feathers. 66．Which one among the following matches is right? A．Ameraucana chickens lay white eggs. B．Orpington chickens lay brown eggs. C．Leghorn chickens lay blue eggs. D．Hickman’s Family Farms chickens lay red eggs. 67．Why are eggs of Leghorn chickens more expensive? A．They lay rare eggs. B．Raising them costs more. C．Their eggshells are white. D．Their eggs are more nutritious. 68．What does Malina Linkas Malkani try to explain? A．Why eggs are priced differently. B．What color of eggs people like best. C．What decides the nutrition of eggs. D．Why people like to eat eggs. 【答案】65．A 66．B 67．B 68．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了为什么白色鸡蛋通常比棕色鸡蛋贵以及白色鸡蛋和棕色鸡蛋的营养等话题。 65．细节理解题。根据第二段“Jesse LaFlamme is the CEO of Pete and Gerry’s Organic Egg. She says, the chicken breed (品种) decides whether or not hens have pigment genes, the natural chemical that results in a colored shell. (杰西·拉弗拉姆是皮特和格里有机鸡蛋公司的首席执行官。她说，鸡的品种决定了母鸡是否有色素基因，这是一种天然的化学物质，会导致母鸡的蛋壳呈彩色)”可知，母鸡的品种决定了蛋壳的颜色。故选A。 66．细节理解题。根据第二段“Breeds such as the Leghorn chickens lay white eggs, while Orpington chickens lay brown eggs and Ameraucana chickens produce blue eggs. (品种如下，Leghorn鸡下的蛋是白色的，而Orpington鸡下的蛋是棕色的，Ameraucana鸡下的蛋是蓝色的)”可知，Orpington鸡下的蛋是棕色的正确。故选B。 67．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Hickman notes that the Leghorn breed is a popular choice for farmers because it lays more eggs. Hens that produce colored eggshells, however, usually are larger and require more feed and energy to create that painted shells. Since those breeds cost more to feed, their eggs are more expensive. (希克曼指出，Leghorn品种是农民的热门选择，因为它能下更多的蛋。然而，产彩色蛋壳的母鸡通常更大，需要更多的饲料和能量来生产彩色蛋壳。由于这些品种的饲料成本更高，它们的鸡蛋也更贵)”可知，Leghorn鸡通常更大，需要更多的饲料和能量，所以成本更高，鸡蛋也更贵。故选B。 68．推理判断题。 根据最后一段“ “But it’s important for people to know that the color of the eggshell is related to the breed of the hen, not the egg’s nutrition, quality or shell thickness.” What does affect the nutrition is the specific food the hen eats, according to Malkani.(“但重要的是，人们要知道蛋壳的颜色与母鸡的品种有关，而不是鸡蛋的营养、质量或蛋壳厚度。”根据Malkani的说法，影响母鸡营养的是母鸡吃的特定食物)”可推知，Malkani试图解释是什么决定鸡蛋的营养。故选C。 （十八） （23-24高一下·黑龙江省密山市第一中学·期中）For those in search of safe, non-medicine sleep aids (助手), sound machines are a popular choice. The National Sleep Foundation recently found that 5% of Americans sleep with a “sound conditioner”. It can be a fan, phone app, or other noise-producing machines. Michael Grandner, director of the Sleep and Health Research Program at the University of Arizona, says a sound conditioner is a lifesaver if you live where loud nighttime noise is common. But even if your bedroom is very quiet, sound machines can still be helpful if you’re the type of person unsettled by a total absence of noise, or if you’re a light sleeper who wakes from even the softest sound. Research supports the idea that a little background sound can help people fall asleep. For a study in the journal Sleep Medicine, the researchers asked sleepers to listen to recorded hospital sounds either with or without a white noise machine. They found that those who slept with the white noise machine were hardly affected by the hospital sounds, while others who slept without white noise were easily awakened. There’s also so-called “pink noise” and “brown noise”, which can sound similar to white noise. “I don’t think there’s enough evidence yet to say one type is better than another,” says Michelle Drerup, a sleep psychologist at the Cleveland Clinic. “I know from talking with my patients that some people prefer natural sounds, like a rainstorm. But others don’t want a sound at all when they sleep,” she says. “It all comes down to the individual (个人).” For some, the best sound might be none. “Biologically (生物学上), you don’t need this sound to sleep,” says Michael Grandner, “and if you use it every night, you can get so used to it that you can’t sleep without it.” Most sleep experts agree. “I wouldn’t suggest people use sound machines to sleep unless they’re reporting difficulties with outside noises,” an expert says. 69．According to the text, who should sleep with a sound conditioner? A．Those who fall asleep fast. B．Those who wake up easily. C．Those who live in a quiet street. D．Those who are afraid to sleep alone. 70．What does Michelle Drerup think of the best type of sound for sleep? A．Pink noise and brown noise are better. B．Sleeping without any noise is the best. C．It all depends on personal preferences. D．Natural sounds are the best for people. 71．What is most experts’ suggestion? A．To use sound machines as little as possible. B．To see a doctor with your sleeping problems. C．To find a very quiet place to treat sleeping problems. D．To break the habits of sleeping with sound machines. 72．What’s the main idea of the text? A．Most Americans have a bad sleep. B．White noises are good for humans. C．Sound conditioners are a safe, non-medicine sleep aid. D．Not everyone should sleep with white noise machine. 【答案】69．B 70．C 71．A 72．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了声音机器作为非药物睡眠辅助工具在帮助人们入睡方面的作用。 69．推理判断题。根据第一段中“For those in search of safe, non-medicine sleep aids (助手), sound machines are a popular choice. The National Sleep Foundation recently found that 5% of Americans sleep with a “sound conditioner”.(对于那些寻求安全、非药物睡眠辅助的人来说，声音机器是一个受欢迎的选择。美国国家睡眠基金会最近发现，5%的美国人睡觉时使用“降噪机”)”和第二段中“But even if your bedroom is very quiet, sound machines can still be helpful if you’re the type of person unsettled by a total absence of noise, or if you’re a light sleeper who wakes from even the softest sound.(但如果你是那种对完全没有噪音感到不安的人，或者如果你是一个听到最轻微的声音也会醒来的轻度睡眠者，即使你的卧室非常安静，声音机器也会有所帮助)”可推知，那些睡眠不好，容易醒来的人应该使用降噪机。故选B项。 70．细节理解题。根据第四段中““I know from talking with my patients that some people prefer natural sounds, like a rainstorm. But others don’t want a sound at all when they sleep,” she says. “It all comes down to the individual (个人).”(“我从和病人的交谈中知道，有些人更喜欢自然的声音，比如暴风雨的声音。但有些人睡觉时根本不想听到声音，”她说。“这一切都取决于个人。”)”可知，米歇尔·德鲁普认为最适合睡觉的声音取决于个人喜好。故选C项。 71．推理判断题。根据最后一段中““Biologically (生物学上), you don’t need this sound to sleep,” says Michael Grandner, “and if you use it every night, you can get so used to it that you can’t sleep without it.” Most sleep experts agree.(“从生物学角度来说，你不需要这种声音来睡觉，”Michael Grandner说，“如果你每天晚上都听这种声音，你就会习惯它，以至于没有它你就睡不着。”大多数睡眠专家同意)”可推知，大多数专家都认为人们会对降噪机产生依赖，所以会建议是尽可能少地使用这种声音机器。故选A项。 72．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其结合第一段“For those in search of safe, non-medicine sleep aids (助手), sound machines are a popular choice. The National Sleep Foundation recently found that 5% of Americans sleep with a “sound conditioner”. It can be a fan, phone app, or other noise-producing machines.(对于那些寻求安全、非药物睡眠辅助的人来说，声音机器是一个受欢迎的选择。美国国家睡眠基金会最近发现，5%的美国人睡觉时使用“降噪机”。它可以是风扇、手机应用程序或其他产生噪音的机器)”可知，文章介绍了声音机器作为非药物睡眠辅助工具在帮助人们入睡方面的作用，故“Sound conditioners are a safe, non-medicine sleep aid.(降噪机是一种安全的、非药物的助眠剂)”是文章主旨。故选C项。 （十九） （23-24高一下·黑龙江省牡丹江市第一高级中学·期中）While flatmates can bring about stress and difficulty, they can also be great company and develop into wonderful, lifelong friends. Before making the decision to live with a flatmate or to live alone, consider carefully all the accompanying advantages and disadvantages. Most people join forces with a flatmate primarily due to financial problem. A shared living space also means you're responsible for only half of the rent or shared bills. Additionally, when you're splitting costs, you can afford a better apartment than you could alone. However, money can become a point of argument for flatmates as well. If your flatmate gets laid off or quits his job, you may have to pick up his bill until he's back on his feet. Your flatmate may also insist he owe less because he doesn't use the shower too often. In addition to bills and the rent, flatmates also typically share responsibility for unpleasant tasks, such as cleaning or doing the dishes. Without a flatmate, cleaning and tidying responsibilities are yours alone. However, flatmates also frequently end up sharing plenty of other things many people would rather not: use of the TV, the bathroom, food and even clothing, for example. You may have to wake up earlier than you'd like to get a hot shower before work or give up watching your favorite show because your flatmate beat you to it. When you live alone,  you get to determine the terms of your social life, and you go home to an empty house or apartment at the end of the day. That can be preferable if you're a serious student or professional, someone who needs to work and rest in the quiet of an apartment. With a flatmate, there are unexpected guests and your social options can expand sharply. Keep in mind, however, that having a flatmate means that he may feel social when you do not, and you may have to deal with wanted house guests. 73．What's the main reason for most people to share a flat? A．Ensuring safety. B．Saving money. C．Sharing housework. D．Reducing loneliness. 74．What does the author say about a serious flatmate? A．He likes a peaceful life. B．He has excellent social manners. C．He keeps everything in the room tidy. D．He often turns away unexpected guests. 75．How does the author express his opinions? A．By describing the process. B．By stating an argument. C．By making comparisons. D．By analyzing the outcome. 76．Which of the following can be the best title for the text? A．Buying a Flat or Sharing One? B．The Reasons for Sharing a Flat. C．How to Share a Flat with a Flatmate? D．The Advantages and Disadvantages of Flatsharing. 【答案】73．B 74．A 75．C 76．D 【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了合租房屋的利弊。 【详解】1.细节理解题。根据第二段前两句“Most people join forces with a flatmate primarily due to financial problem.A shared living space also means you're responsible for only half of the rent or shared bills. ”（大多数人和室友联手，主要是因为经济问题。一个共享的生活空间也意味着你只需要承担一半的租金或账单。）可知 ,很多人合租住房主要是为了省钱。故选B项。 2.细节理解题。根据最后一段“That can be preferable if you're a serious student or professional, someone who needs to work and rest in the quiet of an apartment.”（如果你是个认真的学生或专业人士，那就更好了，这样的人需要在安静的公寓里工作和休息。）可以推知，严肃的合租者喜欢过平静的生活。故选A项。 3.推理判断题。根据第二段中“Most people join forces with a flatmate primarily due to financial problem.”（大多数人和室友联手，主要是因为经济问题。）及“However, money can become a point of argument for flatmates as well.”（不过，对于室友来说，钱也是一个争论的焦点。）第三段中“Without a flatmate, cleaning and tidying responsibilities are yours alone. However, flatmates also frequently end up sharing plenty of other things many people would rather not: use of the TV, the bathroom, food and even clothing, for example. ”（如果没有室友，清洁和整理的责任都是你一个人的。然而，室友也经常分享许多其他人不愿意分享的东西: 比如电视、浴室、食物甚至衣服。）第四段中“With a flatmate, there are unexpected guests and your social options can expand sharply. Keep in mind, however, that having a flatmate means that he may feel social when you do not, and you may have to deal with wanted house guests.”（和室友在一起，会有意想不到的客人，你的社交选择会急剧增加。然而要记住的是，有一个室友意味着他可能觉得要有交际，而你不想，你可能不得不应付想要交际的房客。）可知 ,作者是通过对比费用分担、内务和设施分享及社交活动等方面的利弊来阐述其观点的，选项C与文意相符，故选C项。 4.主旨大意题。根据第一段最后一句“Before making the decision to live with a flatmate or to live alone, consider carefully all the accompanying advantages and disadvantages.”（在决定是和室友一起住还是一个人住之前，仔细考虑一下伴随而来的所有优缺点。）同时根据下文谈到的费用分担、内务和设施分享及社交活动等方面的利弊，可知本文主要介绍了合租房屋的利弊。D项 “合租的利弊”可以作为本文嘴角标题。故选D项。 （二十） （23-24高一下·黑龙江省牡丹江市第一高级中学·期中）We all have an idea about the common types of environmental problems. However, light pollution may be a new term to many of us. But, the fact is that it does affect mankind, other living forms and the environment as a whole. What is light pollution? It presents all forms of misused man-made light. The obvious cause of light pollution is the use of outdoor lighting products improperly. It can be office lighting, car headlights, station lights, streetlights and many more. Light pollution is harmful to both animals and plants. Upon studies, it is found that obvious effects are observed in the behaviour of animals that are active at night. Needless to mention, bright light at night makes it difficult for these animals to hunt, wander and perform their regular activities. Light pollution is directly or indirectly responsible for causing several diseases. Its effects are related to disturbance in the physical rhythm (节奏). It contributes to risks of developing cancerous cells. So, it’s nothing less than a threat to human health. You have already seen the negative effects of light pollution on animals and human health. Apart from this, the actual cost of misused light is about millions of dollars every year. It also leads to the release of greenhouse gases and global warming. After all, coal or gas is used for producing electricity. While outdoor lighting and using man-made lighting products are part of our modern lifestyle, some simple ways will surely help in reducing light pollution. For example, while installing (安装) outdoor lighting, make sure that they are pointed downwards. Also, use only the required lighting equipment for both home and offices. Believe it or not, many people living in the urban areas cannot view clear sky and stars at night. Let’s contribute our part in reducing the pollution. 77．What can we learn about light pollution? A．It has little effect on plants. B．It contributes to most cancers. C．It is a negative fruit of light technology. D．It affects animals’ behavior during the day. 78．Why does light pollution affect the climate? A．It increases the temperature at night. B．It creates clouds in parts of the Earth. C．It stops the release of greenhouse gases. D．It is related to the burning of coal and gas. 79．How can we contribute our part in reducing light pollution? A．Forbid the use of outdoor lighting. B．Use clean energy to produce electricity. C．Avoid unnecessary lights at home and offices. D．Reduce money spent on light in urban areas. 80．What can be inferred from the last paragraph? A．Citizens should be banned to install outdoor lighting. B．Only simple ways can help reduce light pollution. C．There is no clear sky or stars over the urban areas. D．Light pollution needs to be dealt with urgently. 【答案】77．C 78．D 79．C 80．D 【导语】本文为一篇说明文，主要介绍了光污染的定义、造成的危害及防治建议等。 77．细节理解题。根据文章第二段关键句“ It presents all forms of misused man-made light. The obvious cause of light pollution is the use of outdoor lighting products improperly. It can be office lighting, car headlights, station lights, streetlights and many more.(它展示了各种形式的误用人造光。造成光污染的明显原因是户外照明产品使用不当。它可以是办公室照明，汽车大灯，车站灯，街灯等等)”可知，光污染是滥用各种人造光源而形成的，可以说是光技术的坏影响。故选C。 78．细节理解题。根据文章第四段关键句“It also leads to the release of greenhouse gases and global warming. After all, coal or gas is used for producing electricity.(它还会导致温室气体的释放和全球变暖。毕竟，煤或天然气是用来发电的)”可知，光需要电，而电是烧煤或煤气发出来的。因此，从这个角度来说光污染会引起全球变暖。故选D。 79．细节理解题。根据文章最后一段关键句“Also, use only the required lighting equipment for both home and offices.(此外，只使用家庭和办公室所需的照明设备)”可知，在家里和办公室里只用必需的照明产品便可减少光污染，即避免不必要的照明。故选C。 80．推理判断题。根据文章最后两句“Believe it or not, many people living in the urban areas cannot view clear sky and stars at night. Let’s contribute our part in reducing the pollution.(信不信由你，许多生活在城市地区的人在晚上看不到晴朗的天空和星星。让我们为减少污染贡献自己的一份力量)”可知， 光污染非常严重，该问题有待紧急解决。故选D。 1 / 37 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$