重难点08.核心基础知识之定语从句 -2025年中考英语【热点·重点·难点】专练(浙江专用)

重难点08 定语从句 中考英语定语从句考查情况及考查趋势分析 考查情况 具体内容 典例举例 考查形式 主要以单项选择、完形填空、短文填空及语法填空为主 --- Have scientists found life on Mars? ---Well, they’re working hard to find out if there is life on a planet ______ is far away from the earth. （答案：that/which，先行词是 planet，指物，在从句中作主语，所以用关系代词 that 或 which） 关系词的考查 关系代词 that, which, who, whom, whose 等和关系副词 where, when, why 的选择。重点考查在具体语境中根据先行词及从句中的成分来确定关系词 如在 “I like to visit places ____ I can do a lot of outdoor activities.” 中，先行词是 places，在从句中作地点状语，所以用关系副词 where 特殊情况考查 如只能用 that 的情况：先行词是 all, little, much 等不定代词；被序数词、形容词最高级修饰；既指人又指物等；还有先行词是 way, time, reason 等特殊词时关系词的用法 This is the most important thing ____ we should do. （答案：that，因为先行词 thing 被形容词最高级修饰，所以用 that 引导定语从句） 考查趋势 试题情境更贴近学生生活实际，强调在真实语境中解决问题的能力。可能会嵌入科学实验步骤或历史故事等，考查语法在叙事中的动态应用。对关系词的考查会更注重语境理解和逻辑分析，而不仅仅是单纯的语法规则记忆 比如阅读文章中出现关于介绍某个科学实验过程的语篇，其中涉及到定语从句来描述实验相关的事物或时间、地点等，要求学生根据上下文准确理解和判断定语从句的用法和关系词的选择。 【情境解读】 【重难诠释】 中考英语定语从句考重难点分析 重难点 具体内容 典例举例 关系词的选择 根据先行词的性质（指人、指物、指时间、指地点、指原因）以及关系词在从句中充当的成分来确定关系词。如先行词指人，在从句中作主语用 who/that；作宾语用 whom/who/that（作宾语时可省略）；作定语用 whose。先行词指物，在从句中作主语或宾语用 which/that；作定语用 whose。指时间，在从句中作时间状语用 when；指地点，在从句中作地点状语用 where；指原因，在从句中作原因状语用 why This is the book which/that I bought yesterday.（先行词 book 指物，在从句中作宾语，可用 which 或 that，也可省略） I know the boy who/that is standing there.（先行词 boy 指人，在从句中作主语，可用 who 或 that） I will never forget the day when I joined the club.（先行词 day 指时间，在从句中作时间状语，用 when） 特殊情况 只能用 that 的情况：先行词是 all, little, much 等不定代词；被序数词、形容词最高级修饰；既指人又指物等。还有 “介词 + 关系代词” 结构，关系代词只能用 which 或 whom（指人用 whom，指物用 which）。以及 as 引导的定语从句，用于 such…as…, so…as…, the same…as… 结构中，或引导非限定性定语从句，有 “正如” 之意2 There is nothing that can stop him.（先行词是不定代词 nothing，关系词用 that） This is the best film that I have ever seen.（先行词 film 被形容词最高级 best 修饰，关系词用 that） He is such a good teacher as we all like.（such…as… 结构中，用 as 引导定语从句） 主谓一致 定语从句的谓语与先行词保持人称和数的一致。先行词前有 one of 修饰，定语从句的谓语用复数；先行词前有 the (only) one of 修饰时，定语从句的谓语用单数 He is one of the students who have passed the exam.（先行词是 students，one of 修饰，从句谓语用复数 have） He is the only one of the students who has passed the exam.（先行词是 the only one，从句谓语用单数 has） 句子结构分析 准确判断句子是否为定语从句，以及区分主句和从句，明确关系词在从句中的成分，理解句子的整体意思 The man who/that I talked to just now is my teacher.（分析句子结构可知，“who/that I talked to just now” 是定语从句，修饰先行词 man，关系词在从句中作宾语） 非限定性定语从句 与主句之间有逗号分开，起补充说明作用，不用 that 引导，关系词不可省略。当先行词是整个主句时，可用 which 或 as 引导非限定性定语从句，as 有 “正如” 之意，常位于句首，用于一些固定结构如 as is well known 等；which 引导的从句与主句多表示因果关系 My mother, who is a teacher, often helps me with my study.（非限定性定语从句，修饰先行词 mother，用 who 引导） As is well known, he is a good student.（as 引导非限定性定语从句，位于句首，有 “正如” 之意） He failed the exam, which made his parents angry.（which 引导非限定性定语从句，与主句表示因果关系） 【易错专攻】 易错点 具体内容 典例举例 应对策略 关系代词和关系副词的混用 没有准确判断定语从句中所缺少的成分，导致关系代词（作主语、宾语等）和关系副词（作状语）使用错误 This is the place which I visited last year.（应把 which 改为 where，因为先行词 place 在从句中作地点状语） I will never forget the day that I spent with you.（应把 that 改为 when，因为先行词 day 在从句中作时间状语） 仔细分析定语从句的句子结构，确定先行词在从句中所充当的成分。若从句缺少主语、宾语，用关系代词；若缺少状语，用关系副词。 固定句式出差错 对 so…as/so…that、the same…as/that 等固定句式的用法混淆，不清楚 as 引导定语从句与 that 引导结果状语从句等的区别 He is so clever a boy that we all like him.（这里的 that 引导结果状语从句，若用 as 则成了定语从句，意思和结构都不对） This is the same book as I lost.（这里用 as 表示 “和…… 一样的”，若用 that 则表示 “同一本书”） 牢记这些固定句式的用法和区别，通过大量例句进行对比练习，加深理解。注意分析从句的成分和句子的逻辑关系，判断是定语从句还是其他从句。 主谓不一致 在 “one of + 复数名词 + 定语从句” 和 “the (only) one of + 复数名词 + 定语从句” 结构中，不清楚先行词的单复数，导致定语从句的谓语动词形式错误 He is one of the students who has passed the exam.（应把 has 改为 have，因为先行词是 students，谓语动词用复数） He is the only one of the students who have passed the exam.（应把 have 改为 has，因为先行词是 the only one，谓语动词用单数） 明确这两种结构中先行词的不同，“one of + 复数名词” 的先行词是复数名词，“the (only) one of + 复数名词” 的先行词是 one。根据先行词的单复数来确定定语从句中谓语动词的形式。 与强调句型及其他句型的混合 分不清定语从句与强调句型、状语从句等的结构和特点，导致引导词使用错误或句子成分混淆 It is in the shop that I bought the book where I lost my pen.（此句是带有定语从句的强调句，第一个 that 应改为 where，后面第二个 that 才是强调句中的 that） I will go to the place where I lived there.（应去掉 there，因为 where 引导的定语从句中已有地点状语，there 多余） 熟练掌握各种句型的结构和特点，通过分析句子成分和上下文语境来准确判断句型。对于容易混淆的句型，进行专项练习和对比分析。 对先行词概念不明确 没有清楚地确定定语从句所修饰的先行词，或者遗漏先行词，导致句子结构不完整或关系词使用错误 This library is that I borrowed books from.（应在 library 后加 the one，作为先行词，不然句子缺少先行词） The library where I borrowed books is very big.（若把 where 改为 which 或 that，就成了定语从句缺少宾语，因为先行词 library 在从句中作宾语，可用 which 或 that 引导，也可省略） 认真分析句子结构，找出被定语从句修饰的名词或代词作为先行词。如果句子中没有明确的先行词，要根据语境和句子意思补充完整。同时，准确判断先行词在从句中的成分，选择合适的关系词。 特殊名词作先行词时关系词的选取错误 way、job、situation 等特殊名词作先行词时，不清楚其关系词的特殊用法 I don't like the way which I was treated.（应在 which 前加 in 或将 which 改为 that 或省略，因为 way 作先行词时，引导词可用 in which 或 that 或省略） This is the job that I want to get it.（应去掉 it，因为关系代词 that 在从句中作宾语，it 多余；或者把 that 改为 where，用 where 引导定语从句，在从句中作状语） 牢记这些特殊名词作先行词时关系词的用法，通过记忆典型例句来加深印象。在做题时，根据先行词和从句的具体情况，选择正确的关系词。 忽略 as 和 which 引导非限定性定语从句的区别 不清楚 as 和 which 引导非限定性定语从句时在意义、位置和用法上的区别 As is known to all, he is a good student, which makes his parents happy.（这里的 which 应改为 as，因为有 “正如” 的意思，且位于句首，应用 as 引导） He failed the exam, as made his parents angry.（这里的 as 应改为 which，因为从句是否定句，且表示结果，应用 which 引导） 掌握 as 和 which 引导非限定性定语从句的区别，as 有 “正如；就像” 之意，可置于句首、句中或句末，而 which 只能置于句末，且如果非限制性定语从句是否定句时，只能用 which 引导。根据句子的意思和结构，选择合适的引导词。 忽略 that 和 which 引导限制性定语从句的区别 当先行词被最高级、序数词修饰或先行词本身是不定代词等情况时，不清楚只能用 that 引导定语从句；当关系词后面有插入成分时，不清楚只能用 which 引导定语从句 This is the most interesting book which I have ever read.（应把 which 改为 that，因为先行词 book 被最高级修饰，只能用 that 引导） The book, that I bought yesterday, is very interesting.（应把 that 改为 which，因为关系词后面有插入成分，只能用 which 引导） 牢记 that 和 which 引导限制性定语从句的特殊情况，通过练习强化记忆。在做题时，仔细观察先行词的特点和句子结构，选择正确的关系词1。 介词前置出差错 在 “介词 + 关系代词” 结构中，前置的介词使用错误，或者不清楚哪些固定搭配中的介词不能前置 This is the book with which I am interested.（应把 with 改为 in，因为 be interested in 是固定搭配） The person to who I talked is my teacher.（应把 to 移到 talked 后面，因为 talk to 是固定搭配，介词 to 不能前置） 熟悉常见的动词与介词的固定搭配，根据定语从句中谓语动词的习惯搭配以及先行词的搭配习惯来选择前置的介词。对于不能前置介词的固定搭配，要特别注意，不要错误地将介词提前。 which 和 whose 的意义不明确 混淆 which 和 whose 在定语从句中的用法，不清楚 whose 作定语，“whose + n” 相当于 “the + n + of which” 或 “of which + the + n” The book which cover is very beautiful is mine.（应把 which 改为 whose，因为这里表示 “书的封面”，要用 whose 作定语） The house whose I live in is very big.（应把 whose 改为 which 或 that，因为这里的先行词 house 在从句中作宾语，应用 which 或 that 引导，而 whose 是作定语的） 明确 which 和 whose 的不同用法，通过例句理解 whose 表示所属关系，在定语从句中作定语。在做题时，根据句子的意思和结构，判断是需要用关系代词作主语、宾语还是作定语，选择合适的关系词。 （建议用时：40分钟） 单项选择 1．I remember music ______ has great lyrics. A．whose B．that C．/ D．who 2．—Have you read the book ______ is about history? —Yes, I have. A．which B．who C．whose D．where 3．I will remember the important people in my life ________ helped and supported me. A．who B．which C．what D．/ 4．—I watched a movie ______ touched me a lot last winter vacation. —Really? I’d like to know more about it. A．which B．what C．who D．it 5．This is not the only film ________ I’ve wished to see. A．which B．that C．whom D．who 6．We all like to make friends with Nancy. She is a nice girl ________ is always ready to offer help when we are in need. A．which B．what C．who D．where 7．I’ve finished reading the first book ________ was written by Yu Hua. A．which B．who C．what D．that 8．—The girl ______ won the first prize is from our class. —Really? I’m so proud of her. A．which B．who C．whose D．whom 9．The Ice Ribbon is the venue (场馆) ________ one of the Winter Olympic events took place. A．that B．/ C．where D．which 10．The teacher, ________ is well­-known for his kindness and patience, encourages us to be confident in solving problems. A．that B．who C．which D．whom 11．There are many books and writers ________ interest us very much. A．who B．that C．which D．whom 12．I still remember the middle school and the students ________ I visited in Tibet a few years ago. A．which B．who C．whom D．that 13．The book ________ I read last night was really exciting. A．that B．who C．what D．whose 14．This is the museum ______ we visited last year. A．where B．who C．which D．when 15．This is the most interesting book ________ I have ever read. A．which B．that C．what D．who 16．—Do you have books about famous scientists ________ are suitable for children to read? —Yes, we do. A．what B．which C．who D．whom 17．The new expressway section in Anhui, ________ was completed last month, has shortened the travel time between cities. A．which B．who C．where D．when 18．The movie Ne Zha ________ has a unique plot and vivid characters, has won the love of a large number of audiences both at home and abroad. A．which B．who C．where D．whom 19．In my opinion, of all the books, this is the only one ________ is well worth reading. A．what B．which C．that D．/ 20．The Hongmeng OS, ______ offers seamless connectivity between devices, is popular among tech enthusiasts. A．which B．who C．what D．where 21．—Do you know the boy ________ spoken English is excellent? —Oh, he is Wang Wei, our monitor. A．who B．whose C．whom D．which 22．________ computer games is the reason ________ he is absent-minded in class. A．Being addicted to; that B．Addicted to; why C．Being addicted to; why D．Addicted to; that 23．Many young people, most of ________ were well-educated, headed for remote regions to chase their dreams. A．whom B．which C．who D．that 24．There are always a lot of volunteers in the museum ________ we visited last week. A．which B．who C．what D．where 25．Paris, the capital of France, is the city ________ will hold the 33rd Summer Olympic Games. A．who B．which C．whose D．whom 26．The hero in my heart is the one ______ spreads ideas to encourage the people in need. A．where B．that C．which D．whom 27．The Greens met with lots of things ________ interested them on their journey. A．who B．that C．whom D．what 28．—Yang Jie, director of Journey to the West, passed away on April 15th at the age of 88. —She created the most watched TV play _______ has been re-aired more than 3,000 times since 1986. A．what B．who C．that D．/ 29．Chengdu is a big city in ________ we can learn ancient Shu culture and enjoy modern life. A．which B．who C．that D．whom 30．—Have you ever heard the popular chant (儿歌), We Dig Dig a Hole (挖呀挖) . —Yes, it has the funniest words________ I can sing along with. A．that B．who C．what D．which 31．The umbrella ________ I had just bought was broken after the heavy rain. A．whose B．whom C．who D．which 32．Cindy invited me to watch a film ________ is about how to save the animals in danger. A．who B．why C．which D．when 33．Linda is my best friend _________ always gives me a hand when I get into trouble. A．what B．that C．when D．which 34．—Do you know the song ________ is very popular these days? —Sure. It is about a girl ________ asked for help with her hoodie (帽衫) on TikTok. A．that; which B．which; who C．who; which D．who; that 35．I’ll never forget my classmates in high school ________ used to give me a hand when I was in trouble. A．who B．whom C．which D．what 36．After the long bus ride, the first thing ________ we wanted to do was to look for some food. A．who B．that C．which D．whom 37．—What kind of books do you like best? —I like books ________ are about science and technology. A．which B．who C．what D．when 38．My parents take pride in everything good ________ I do. A．which B．who C．that D．what 39．The two boys _________ play the piano well are my cousins. A．which B．what C．whom D．who 40．Tu Youyou is the first Chinese ________won the Nobel Prize in science. A．whom B．that C．which D．whose 41．I love people ________ are friendly to others. A．which B．who C．whose D．what 42．The “Share-go” cars ________ use electricity (电) not only look cute but also are environmentally-friendly (环境友好的). A．whose B．what C．which D．who 43．—What are you looking for? —I’m looking for the pencil ________ I bought last week. A．who B．which C．whose D．what 44．China is the first nation _______ sent Chang’e IV to the far side of the moon. A．which B．that C．who D．whether 45．Mr Wu is a teacher ________ I want to learn from. He is so knowledgeable. A．which B．when C．what D．who 46．WeChat is an invention ________ can help people talk with friends and share photos, ideas and feelings freely. A．which B．who C．whose D．what 47．Guo Moruo is a famous Chinese writer ________ is popular around the world. A．which B．whom C．who D．where 48．The students ________ don’t work hard will not pass the exam. A．whom B．which C．who D．what 49．After winning the tennis match, Zheng Qinwen thanked all the fans ______ came to support her. A．whom B．which C．what D．who 50．Through volunteer service, Jane has become a volunteer ________ brings love to others. A．what B．who C．when D．where 51．When I have difficulty in learning English, my teacher Miss Chen always gives me some advice ________ can be useful. A．that B．what C．who D．whose 52．I wondered ________ when we were in dangerous situations. A．whom could we ask for help B．why could we ask for help C．what we could ask for help D．whom we could ask for help 53．Behind each door ________ you open are chances to learn new things. A．that B．what C．when D．where 54．The earth is the planet ________ provides us with everything we need, fresh air, clean water and so on. It’s our duty to protect it. A．whose B．who C．what D．that 55．His speech at the graduation ceremony is the best one ________ I’ve ever heard. A．which B．that C．who D．whose 56．Four Springs is a documentary film ______ tells a family’s daily life in the small town in Guizhou in Southwest China. A．where B．who C．which D．when 57．The Palace Museum is the most surprising place ________ I have ever been to. A．which B．what C．that D．where 58．—Which one is your Maths teacher? —Over there! The tall man ______ wears a pair of round glasses. A．who B．which C．what D．where 59．This is Jilin Province Museum ________ I have visited several times. A．that B．when C．what D．who 60．—I want to enter the English Speech Competition, but I think it’s difficult to achieve success in the end. —Don’t worry. Nothing is difficult to the man _________ will try. A．whose B．who C．what D．which 61．—Do you want to watch the football game this Sunday? —I think the first thing ________ you should do is to buy tickets to the game soon. A．who B．which C．that D．whose 62．Being blind is something ________ most people can’t imagine. A．that B．what C．who D．whom 63．The marathon ________ was held in Hohhot on 9th July 2023 drew thousands of runners. A．what B．which C．when D．where 64．This is the girl ________ helped me in the supermarket yesterday. A．who B．which C．whose D．whom 65．—What’s new in the App Store (应用商店)? —Notability. It is a useful app ________ can help you add things like pictures to your notes. A．who B．which C．what D．whom 66．—What does Alma Mater (母校) mean to you after graduation for so many years? —Everything! Those unforgettable things and people ________ I’m familiar (熟悉的) with will remain in my mind forever. A．who B．that C．what D．which 67．Li Bai is a great poet ________ makes a big difference to our culture. A．which B．who C．what D．where 68．It’s wrong for the students to admire the stars _______ are just handsome without love. A．which B．whom C．whose D．who 69．Mary likes making friends with people ________ think more of others. A．who B．what C．which D．whose 70．Ms. Wu is a teacher __________ can teach us something about life. A．whom B．who C．which D．what / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 重难点08 定语从句 中考英语定语从句考查情况及考查趋势分析 考查情况 具体内容 典例举例 考查形式 主要以单项选择、完形填空、短文填空及语法填空为主 --- Have scientists found life on Mars? ---Well, they’re working hard to find out if there is life on a planet ______ is far away from the earth. （答案：that/which，先行词是 planet，指物，在从句中作主语，所以用关系代词 that 或 which） 关系词的考查 关系代词 that, which, who, whom, whose 等和关系副词 where, when, why 的选择。重点考查在具体语境中根据先行词及从句中的成分来确定关系词 如在 “I like to visit places ____ I can do a lot of outdoor activities.” 中，先行词是 places，在从句中作地点状语，所以用关系副词 where 特殊情况考查 如只能用 that 的情况：先行词是 all, little, much 等不定代词；被序数词、形容词最高级修饰；既指人又指物等；还有先行词是 way, time, reason 等特殊词时关系词的用法 This is the most important thing ____ we should do. （答案：that，因为先行词 thing 被形容词最高级修饰，所以用 that 引导定语从句） 考查趋势 试题情境更贴近学生生活实际，强调在真实语境中解决问题的能力。可能会嵌入科学实验步骤或历史故事等，考查语法在叙事中的动态应用。对关系词的考查会更注重语境理解和逻辑分析，而不仅仅是单纯的语法规则记忆 比如阅读文章中出现关于介绍某个科学实验过程的语篇，其中涉及到定语从句来描述实验相关的事物或时间、地点等，要求学生根据上下文准确理解和判断定语从句的用法和关系词的选择。 【情境解读】 【重难诠释】 中考英语定语从句考重难点分析 重难点 具体内容 典例举例 关系词的选择 根据先行词的性质（指人、指物、指时间、指地点、指原因）以及关系词在从句中充当的成分来确定关系词。如先行词指人，在从句中作主语用 who/that；作宾语用 whom/who/that（作宾语时可省略）；作定语用 whose。先行词指物，在从句中作主语或宾语用 which/that；作定语用 whose。指时间，在从句中作时间状语用 when；指地点，在从句中作地点状语用 where；指原因，在从句中作原因状语用 why This is the book which/that I bought yesterday.（先行词 book 指物，在从句中作宾语，可用 which 或 that，也可省略） I know the boy who/that is standing there.（先行词 boy 指人，在从句中作主语，可用 who 或 that） I will never forget the day when I joined the club.（先行词 day 指时间，在从句中作时间状语，用 when） 特殊情况 只能用 that 的情况：先行词是 all, little, much 等不定代词；被序数词、形容词最高级修饰；既指人又指物等。还有 “介词 + 关系代词” 结构，关系代词只能用 which 或 whom（指人用 whom，指物用 which）。以及 as 引导的定语从句，用于 such…as…, so…as…, the same…as… 结构中，或引导非限定性定语从句，有 “正如” 之意2 There is nothing that can stop him.（先行词是不定代词 nothing，关系词用 that） This is the best film that I have ever seen.（先行词 film 被形容词最高级 best 修饰，关系词用 that） He is such a good teacher as we all like.（such…as… 结构中，用 as 引导定语从句） 主谓一致 定语从句的谓语与先行词保持人称和数的一致。先行词前有 one of 修饰，定语从句的谓语用复数；先行词前有 the (only) one of 修饰时，定语从句的谓语用单数 He is one of the students who have passed the exam.（先行词是 students，one of 修饰，从句谓语用复数 have） He is the only one of the students who has passed the exam.（先行词是 the only one，从句谓语用单数 has） 句子结构分析 准确判断句子是否为定语从句，以及区分主句和从句，明确关系词在从句中的成分，理解句子的整体意思 The man who/that I talked to just now is my teacher.（分析句子结构可知，“who/that I talked to just now” 是定语从句，修饰先行词 man，关系词在从句中作宾语） 非限定性定语从句 与主句之间有逗号分开，起补充说明作用，不用 that 引导，关系词不可省略。当先行词是整个主句时，可用 which 或 as 引导非限定性定语从句，as 有 “正如” 之意，常位于句首，用于一些固定结构如 as is well known 等；which 引导的从句与主句多表示因果关系 My mother, who is a teacher, often helps me with my study.（非限定性定语从句，修饰先行词 mother，用 who 引导） As is well known, he is a good student.（as 引导非限定性定语从句，位于句首，有 “正如” 之意） He failed the exam, which made his parents angry.（which 引导非限定性定语从句，与主句表示因果关系） 【易错专攻】 易错点 具体内容 典例举例 应对策略 关系代词和关系副词的混用 没有准确判断定语从句中所缺少的成分，导致关系代词（作主语、宾语等）和关系副词（作状语）使用错误 This is the place which I visited last year.（应把 which 改为 where，因为先行词 place 在从句中作地点状语） I will never forget the day that I spent with you.（应把 that 改为 when，因为先行词 day 在从句中作时间状语） 仔细分析定语从句的句子结构，确定先行词在从句中所充当的成分。若从句缺少主语、宾语，用关系代词；若缺少状语，用关系副词。 固定句式出差错 对 so…as/so…that、the same…as/that 等固定句式的用法混淆，不清楚 as 引导定语从句与 that 引导结果状语从句等的区别 He is so clever a boy that we all like him.（这里的 that 引导结果状语从句，若用 as 则成了定语从句，意思和结构都不对） This is the same book as I lost.（这里用 as 表示 “和…… 一样的”，若用 that 则表示 “同一本书”） 牢记这些固定句式的用法和区别，通过大量例句进行对比练习，加深理解。注意分析从句的成分和句子的逻辑关系，判断是定语从句还是其他从句。 主谓不一致 在 “one of + 复数名词 + 定语从句” 和 “the (only) one of + 复数名词 + 定语从句” 结构中，不清楚先行词的单复数，导致定语从句的谓语动词形式错误 He is one of the students who has passed the exam.（应把 has 改为 have，因为先行词是 students，谓语动词用复数） He is the only one of the students who have passed the exam.（应把 have 改为 has，因为先行词是 the only one，谓语动词用单数） 明确这两种结构中先行词的不同，“one of + 复数名词” 的先行词是复数名词，“the (only) one of + 复数名词” 的先行词是 one。根据先行词的单复数来确定定语从句中谓语动词的形式。 与强调句型及其他句型的混合 分不清定语从句与强调句型、状语从句等的结构和特点，导致引导词使用错误或句子成分混淆 It is in the shop that I bought the book where I lost my pen.（此句是带有定语从句的强调句，第一个 that 应改为 where，后面第二个 that 才是强调句中的 that） I will go to the place where I lived there.（应去掉 there，因为 where 引导的定语从句中已有地点状语，there 多余） 熟练掌握各种句型的结构和特点，通过分析句子成分和上下文语境来准确判断句型。对于容易混淆的句型，进行专项练习和对比分析。 对先行词概念不明确 没有清楚地确定定语从句所修饰的先行词，或者遗漏先行词，导致句子结构不完整或关系词使用错误 This library is that I borrowed books from.（应在 library 后加 the one，作为先行词，不然句子缺少先行词） The library where I borrowed books is very big.（若把 where 改为 which 或 that，就成了定语从句缺少宾语，因为先行词 library 在从句中作宾语，可用 which 或 that 引导，也可省略） 认真分析句子结构，找出被定语从句修饰的名词或代词作为先行词。如果句子中没有明确的先行词，要根据语境和句子意思补充完整。同时，准确判断先行词在从句中的成分，选择合适的关系词。 特殊名词作先行词时关系词的选取错误 way、job、situation 等特殊名词作先行词时，不清楚其关系词的特殊用法 I don't like the way which I was treated.（应在 which 前加 in 或将 which 改为 that 或省略，因为 way 作先行词时，引导词可用 in which 或 that 或省略） This is the job that I want to get it.（应去掉 it，因为关系代词 that 在从句中作宾语，it 多余；或者把 that 改为 where，用 where 引导定语从句，在从句中作状语） 牢记这些特殊名词作先行词时关系词的用法，通过记忆典型例句来加深印象。在做题时，根据先行词和从句的具体情况，选择正确的关系词。 忽略 as 和 which 引导非限定性定语从句的区别 不清楚 as 和 which 引导非限定性定语从句时在意义、位置和用法上的区别 As is known to all, he is a good student, which makes his parents happy.（这里的 which 应改为 as，因为有 “正如” 的意思，且位于句首，应用 as 引导） He failed the exam, as made his parents angry.（这里的 as 应改为 which，因为从句是否定句，且表示结果，应用 which 引导） 掌握 as 和 which 引导非限定性定语从句的区别，as 有 “正如；就像” 之意，可置于句首、句中或句末，而 which 只能置于句末，且如果非限制性定语从句是否定句时，只能用 which 引导。根据句子的意思和结构，选择合适的引导词。 忽略 that 和 which 引导限制性定语从句的区别 当先行词被最高级、序数词修饰或先行词本身是不定代词等情况时，不清楚只能用 that 引导定语从句；当关系词后面有插入成分时，不清楚只能用 which 引导定语从句 This is the most interesting book which I have ever read.（应把 which 改为 that，因为先行词 book 被最高级修饰，只能用 that 引导） The book, that I bought yesterday, is very interesting.（应把 that 改为 which，因为关系词后面有插入成分，只能用 which 引导） 牢记 that 和 which 引导限制性定语从句的特殊情况，通过练习强化记忆。在做题时，仔细观察先行词的特点和句子结构，选择正确的关系词1。 介词前置出差错 在 “介词 + 关系代词” 结构中，前置的介词使用错误，或者不清楚哪些固定搭配中的介词不能前置 This is the book with which I am interested.（应把 with 改为 in，因为 be interested in 是固定搭配） The person to who I talked is my teacher.（应把 to 移到 talked 后面，因为 talk to 是固定搭配，介词 to 不能前置） 熟悉常见的动词与介词的固定搭配，根据定语从句中谓语动词的习惯搭配以及先行词的搭配习惯来选择前置的介词。对于不能前置介词的固定搭配，要特别注意，不要错误地将介词提前。 which 和 whose 的意义不明确 混淆 which 和 whose 在定语从句中的用法，不清楚 whose 作定语，“whose + n” 相当于 “the + n + of which” 或 “of which + the + n” The book which cover is very beautiful is mine.（应把 which 改为 whose，因为这里表示 “书的封面”，要用 whose 作定语） The house whose I live in is very big.（应把 whose 改为 which 或 that，因为这里的先行词 house 在从句中作宾语，应用 which 或 that 引导，而 whose 是作定语的） 明确 which 和 whose 的不同用法，通过例句理解 whose 表示所属关系，在定语从句中作定语。在做题时，根据句子的意思和结构，判断是需要用关系代词作主语、宾语还是作定语，选择合适的关系词。 （建议用时：40分钟） 单项选择 1．I remember music ______ has great lyrics. A．whose B．that C．/ D．who 2．—Have you read the book ______ is about history? —Yes, I have. A．which B．who C．whose D．where 3．I will remember the important people in my life ________ helped and supported me. A．who B．which C．what D．/ 4．—I watched a movie ______ touched me a lot last winter vacation. —Really? I’d like to know more about it. A．which B．what C．who D．it 5．This is not the only film ________ I’ve wished to see. A．which B．that C．whom D．who 6．We all like to make friends with Nancy. She is a nice girl ________ is always ready to offer help when we are in need. A．which B．what C．who D．where 7．I’ve finished reading the first book ________ was written by Yu Hua. A．which B．who C．what D．that 8．—The girl ______ won the first prize is from our class. —Really? I’m so proud of her. A．which B．who C．whose D．whom 9．The Ice Ribbon is the venue (场馆) ________ one of the Winter Olympic events took place. A．that B．/ C．where D．which 10．The teacher, ________ is well­-known for his kindness and patience, encourages us to be confident in solving problems. A．that B．who C．which D．whom 11．There are many books and writers ________ interest us very much. A．who B．that C．which D．whom 12．I still remember the middle school and the students ________ I visited in Tibet a few years ago. A．which B．who C．whom D．that 13．The book ________ I read last night was really exciting. A．that B．who C．what D．whose 14．This is the museum ______ we visited last year. A．where B．who C．which D．when 15．This is the most interesting book ________ I have ever read. A．which B．that C．what D．who 16．—Do you have books about famous scientists ________ are suitable for children to read? —Yes, we do. A．what B．which C．who D．whom 17．The new expressway section in Anhui, ________ was completed last month, has shortened the travel time between cities. A．which B．who C．where D．when 18．The movie Ne Zha ________ has a unique plot and vivid characters, has won the love of a large number of audiences both at home and abroad. A．which B．who C．where D．whom 19．In my opinion, of all the books, this is the only one ________ is well worth reading. A．what B．which C．that D．/ 20．The Hongmeng OS, ______ offers seamless connectivity between devices, is popular among tech enthusiasts. A．which B．who C．what D．where 21．—Do you know the boy ________ spoken English is excellent? —Oh, he is Wang Wei, our monitor. A．who B．whose C．whom D．which 22．________ computer games is the reason ________ he is absent-minded in class. A．Being addicted to; that B．Addicted to; why C．Being addicted to; why D．Addicted to; that 23．Many young people, most of ________ were well-educated, headed for remote regions to chase their dreams. A．whom B．which C．who D．that 24．There are always a lot of volunteers in the museum ________ we visited last week. A．which B．who C．what D．where 25．Paris, the capital of France, is the city ________ will hold the 33rd Summer Olympic Games. A．who B．which C．whose D．whom 26．The hero in my heart is the one ______ spreads ideas to encourage the people in need. A．where B．that C．which D．whom 27．The Greens met with lots of things ________ interested them on their journey. A．who B．that C．whom D．what 28．—Yang Jie, director of Journey to the West, passed away on April 15th at the age of 88. —She created the most watched TV play _______ has been re-aired more than 3,000 times since 1986. A．what B．who C．that D．/ 29．Chengdu is a big city in ________ we can learn ancient Shu culture and enjoy modern life. A．which B．who C．that D．whom 30．—Have you ever heard the popular chant (儿歌), We Dig Dig a Hole (挖呀挖) . —Yes, it has the funniest words________ I can sing along with. A．that B．who C．what D．which 31．The umbrella ________ I had just bought was broken after the heavy rain. A．whose B．whom C．who D．which 32．Cindy invited me to watch a film ________ is about how to save the animals in danger. A．who B．why C．which D．when 33．Linda is my best friend _________ always gives me a hand when I get into trouble. A．what B．that C．when D．which 34．—Do you know the song ________ is very popular these days? —Sure. It is about a girl ________ asked for help with her hoodie (帽衫) on TikTok. A．that; which B．which; who C．who; which D．who; that 35．I’ll never forget my classmates in high school ________ used to give me a hand when I was in trouble. A．who B．whom C．which D．what 36．After the long bus ride, the first thing ________ we wanted to do was to look for some food. A．who B．that C．which D．whom 37．—What kind of books do you like best? —I like books ________ are about science and technology. A．which B．who C．what D．when 38．My parents take pride in everything good ________ I do. A．which B．who C．that D．what 39．The two boys _________ play the piano well are my cousins. A．which B．what C．whom D．who 40．Tu Youyou is the first Chinese ________won the Nobel Prize in science. A．whom B．that C．which D．whose 41．I love people ________ are friendly to others. A．which B．who C．whose D．what 42．The “Share-go” cars ________ use electricity (电) not only look cute but also are environmentally-friendly (环境友好的). A．whose B．what C．which D．who 43．—What are you looking for? —I’m looking for the pencil ________ I bought last week. A．who B．which C．whose D．what 44．China is the first nation _______ sent Chang’e IV to the far side of the moon. A．which B．that C．who D．whether 45．Mr Wu is a teacher ________ I want to learn from. He is so knowledgeable. A．which B．when C．what D．who 46．WeChat is an invention ________ can help people talk with friends and share photos, ideas and feelings freely. A．which B．who C．whose D．what 47．Guo Moruo is a famous Chinese writer ________ is popular around the world. A．which B．whom C．who D．where 48．The students ________ don’t work hard will not pass the exam. A．whom B．which C．who D．what 49．After winning the tennis match, Zheng Qinwen thanked all the fans ______ came to support her. A．whom B．which C．what D．who 50．Through volunteer service, Jane has become a volunteer ________ brings love to others. A．what B．who C．when D．where 51．When I have difficulty in learning English, my teacher Miss Chen always gives me some advice ________ can be useful. A．that B．what C．who D．whose 52．I wondered ________ when we were in dangerous situations. A．whom could we ask for help B．why could we ask for help C．what we could ask for help D．whom we could ask for help 53．Behind each door ________ you open are chances to learn new things. A．that B．what C．when D．where 54．The earth is the planet ________ provides us with everything we need, fresh air, clean water and so on. It’s our duty to protect it. A．whose B．who C．what D．that 55．His speech at the graduation ceremony is the best one ________ I’ve ever heard. A．which B．that C．who D．whose 56．Four Springs is a documentary film ______ tells a family’s daily life in the small town in Guizhou in Southwest China. A．where B．who C．which D．when 57．The Palace Museum is the most surprising place ________ I have ever been to. A．which B．what C．that D．where 58．—Which one is your Maths teacher? —Over there! The tall man ______ wears a pair of round glasses. A．who B．which C．what D．where 59．This is Jilin Province Museum ________ I have visited several times. A．that B．when C．what D．who 60．—I want to enter the English Speech Competition, but I think it’s difficult to achieve success in the end. —Don’t worry. Nothing is difficult to the man _________ will try. A．whose B．who C．what D．which 61．—Do you want to watch the football game this Sunday? —I think the first thing ________ you should do is to buy tickets to the game soon. A．who B．which C．that D．whose 62．Being blind is something ________ most people can’t imagine. A．that B．what C．who D．whom 63．The marathon ________ was held in Hohhot on 9th July 2023 drew thousands of runners. A．what B．which C．when D．where 64．This is the girl ________ helped me in the supermarket yesterday. A．who B．which C．whose D．whom 65．—What’s new in the App Store (应用商店)? —Notability. It is a useful app ________ can help you add things like pictures to your notes. A．who B．which C．what D．whom 66．—What does Alma Mater (母校) mean to you after graduation for so many years? —Everything! Those unforgettable things and people ________ I’m familiar (熟悉的) with will remain in my mind forever. A．who B．that C．what D．which 67．Li Bai is a great poet ________ makes a big difference to our culture. A．which B．who C．what D．where 68．It’s wrong for the students to admire the stars _______ are just handsome without love. A．which B．whom C．whose D．who 69．Mary likes making friends with people ________ think more of others. A．who B．what C．which D．whose 70．Ms. Wu is a teacher __________ can teach us something about life. A．whom B．who C．which D．what 参考答案 1．B 【解析】句意：我记得歌词很棒的音乐。 考查定语从句。whose指人或物，在从句中作定语；that指人或物，在从句中作主语、宾语或表语；/不填；who指人，在从句中作主语。分析句子可知，此句为定语从句，先行词是music，是物，且关系词在从句中作主语，用that引导定语从句。故选B。 2．A 【解析】句意：——你读过那本关于历史的书吗？——是的，我读过。 考查定语从句。分析题干可知，空后是定语从句。先行词book是物，空处作从句的主语，应用which引导定语从句。故选A。 3．A 【解析】句意：我会记住我生命中那些帮助和支持过我的重要的人。 考查定语从句关系代词辨析。who用于指人，在定语从句中作主语或宾语；which用于指物，在定语从句中作主语或宾语；what不能引导定语从句；当关系代词在定语从句中作宾语时可以省略，但本题中关系代词在从句中作主语，不能省略。根据本句先行词是“the important people”，指人，且关系代词在从句中作主语，故用who。故选A。 4．A 【解析】句意：——去年寒假我看了一部让我很感动的电影。——真的吗？我想了解更多关于这部电影的事。 考查定语从句。which指物，在从句中作主语或宾语；what不引导定语从句；who指人，在从句中作主语或宾语；it它，指示代词，不引导从句。根据“touched me a lot last winter vacation.”可知，定语从句修饰先行词movie，空处作从句的主语，应用which引导。故选A。 5．B 【解析】句意：这不是我唯一想看的电影。 考查定语从句。which引导定语从句时，先行词指物；that引导定语从句时，先行词指物或人；whom引导定语从句时，先行词指人；whom引导定语从句时，先行词指人。分析题干可知，先行词是film，指物；先行词被the only修饰，定语从句应用that引导。故选B。 6．C 【解析】句意：我们都喜欢和南希做朋友。她是个好女孩，当我们需要帮助时，她总是乐于伸出援手。 考查定语从句引导词。which在定语从句中指代物；what不能引导定语从句； who在定语从句中指代人，作主语或宾语；whom在定语从句中指代人，作宾语。根据“She is a nice girl...is always ready to offer help when we are in need.”可知，这句话是定语从句；先行词“a nice girl”是人，因此关系代词只能用“who”或“whom”；由“is always ready to offer help”可知此处缺少主语，因此应选择“who”作为主语。故选C。 7．D 【解析】句意：我已经读完了余华写的第一本书。 考查定语从句。分析句子可知这是一个定语从句。which指代的先行词是物；who指代的先行词是人；what引导名词性从句，不用来引导定语从句；that指代的先行词可以是人，也可以是物。先行词book指物，且被the first修饰，当先行词被the first修饰时，只能用that，不能用which。故选D。 8．B 【解析】句意：——获得第一名的女孩是我们班的。——真的吗？我太为她自豪了。 考查定语从句。根据“The girl”可知，先行词为人，故排除A；根据“...won the first prize”可知，关系词在定语从句中作主语。故选B。 9．C 【解析】句意：冰丝带是冬奥会某个项目举行的场馆。 考查定语从句。根据分析句子结构可知，本句主干是 “The Ice Ribbon is the venue”，后面接了一个定语从句，用来修饰venue。从句中缺地点状语，需关系副词where来充当。故选C。 10．B 【解析】句意：这个以亲切和耐心著称的老师，鼓励我们自信地解决问题。 考查who引导非限制性定语从句。that指代人或物，作主语或宾语；who代指人，作主语或宾语；which代指物，作主语或宾语；whom指代人，只能作宾语。分析句子可知，空白处需填入关系代词，引导定语从句，修饰“the teacher ”，指代“人”，作主语；而根据“is well-known for his kindness and patience”空前有逗号可知，该从句为非限制性定语从句，that不可引导非限制性定语从句。故选B。 11．B 【解析】句意：有许多书和作家使我们非常感兴趣。 考查定语从句的关系代词。根据“There are many books and writers ... interest us very much.”可知，本句为定语从句，先行词为“books and writers”，同时包含物和人，关系代词需用that。故选B。 12．D 【解析】句意：我仍然记得几年前我在西藏访问的中学和学生。 考查定语从句。which先行词为物；who先行词为人；whom先行词为人；that先行词既有物又有人。根据“I still remember the middle school and the students”可知，定语从句的先行词为“the middle school”和“the students”，当先行词同时包含“人”和“物”时，关系代词需用that，不能用which。故选D。 13．A 【解析】句意：我昨晚读的书真的很令人兴奋。 考查定语从句。that引导从句，无实际意义；who谁；what什么，不引导定语从句；whose谁的。先行词是book，指物，在定语从句中作宾语，关系代词用that或which。故选A。 14．C 【解析】句意：这是我们去年参观的博物馆。 考查定语从句的引导词。分析句子可知，空处到句末为定语从句，修饰先行词“museum”，为物，且关系词在从句作“visited”的宾语，应用关系代词which来引导定语从句。故选C。 15．B 【解析】句意：这是我读过最有趣的书。 考查定语从句。先行词book被最高级the most interesting修饰，关系代词只能用that，不能用which，what不能引导定语从句，而who是指人，故选B。 16．B 【解析】句意：——你们有适合儿童阅读的著名科学家的书吗? ——是的, 我们有。 考查定语从句引导词。what什么；which哪一个；who谁；whom谁，宾格。根据“Do you have books about famous scientists...are suitable for children to read?”可判断出空处应填定语从句引导词，从句中缺主语，先行词是books，用which代指物作定语从句主语。故选B。 17．A 【解析】句意：安徽上个月完工的新高速公路路段缩短了城市之间的旅行时间。 考查定语从句。which引导定语从句，先行词为事物，作主语或宾语；who引导定语从句，先行词为人，作主语或宾语；where哪里，表示地点，作状语；when什么时候，表示时间，作状语。根据句子结构“The new expressway section in Anhui, …was completed last month, has shortened the travel time between cities.”可知此空引导定语从句，先行词“The new expressway section”是事物，并且从句“…was completed last month”中缺少主语，应用“which”。故选A。 18．A 【解析】句意：电影《哪吒》情节独特，人物形象鲜明生动，赢得了国内外众多观众的喜爱。 考查关系代词。which可引导定语从句，修饰物，在从句中可作主语或宾语；who引导定语从句时，修饰人，在从句中作主语；where是关系副词，在定语从句中作地点状语；whom引导定语从句时，修饰人，在从句中作宾语。根据“The movie Ne Zha…both at home and abroad”可知，本句是一个含有定语从句的复合句，先行词是“The movie Ne Zha”，指物，从句缺主语，用which引导从句。故选A。 19．C 【解析】句意：在我看来，在所有的书中，这是唯一值得一读的。 考查定语从句。根据“of all the books, this is the only one”可知，先行词是“the only one”，指物，且用only修饰时，只能用that引导限制性定语从句。故选C。 20．A 【解析】句意：提供设备间无缝连接的鸿蒙操作系统深受科技爱好者的欢迎。 考查定语从句。which指代物；who指代人；what不引导定语从句；where指代地点。根据“The Hongmeng OS…offers seamless connectivity between devices,”可知是描述鸿蒙操作系统的特性，鸿蒙操作系统是物，故选A。 21．B 【解析】句意：——你认识那个口语很好的男孩吗？——哦，他是王伟，我们的班长。 考查定语从句。who谁；whose谁的；whom谁，宾格；which哪一个。根据“the boy… spoken English is excellent”可知，句子是定语从句，先行词是the boy，关系词在从句中作定语，用whose引导定语从句。故选B。 22．C 【解析】句意：沉迷于电脑游戏是他上课心不在焉的原因。 考查非谓语和定语从句。分析句子可知，“is”前为主语，应用动名词短语“Being addicted to computer games”作主语；第二空到句末为定语从句，修饰先行词“reason”，应用关系副词why引导定语从句，在从句中作原因状语。故选C。 23．A 【解析】句意：许多年轻人，其中大多数受过良好的教育，前往偏远地区追逐自己的梦想。 考查定语从句。whom关系代词，指代人，作宾语；which关系代词，指代物，作宾语；who关系代词，指代人，作主语或宾语；that关系代词，指代人或，作主语或宾语。此处是定语从句，先行词young people指年轻人，介词of后接whom。故选A。 24．A 【解析】句意：我们上周参观的博物馆里总是有很多志愿者。 考查定语从句。which哪一个；who谁；what什么；where在哪里。根据“There are always a lot of volunteers in the museum...we visited last week”可知，先行词指物，关系词应用which。故选A。 25．B 【解析】句意：法国首都巴黎将举办第33届夏季奥林匹克运动会。 考查定语从句。句子是定语从句，先行词是the city，关系词在从句中作主语，用which引导定语从句。故选B。 26．B 【解析】句意：我心中的英雄是传播思想以鼓励有需要的人的人。 考查定语从句。根据“The hero in my heart is the one ... spreads ideas”可知，本句是定语从句，先行词是the one，指人，且在从句中作主语，用that引导定语从句。故选B。 27．B 【解析】句意：格林一家在旅途中遇到了许多使他们感兴趣的东西。 考查定语从句的引导词。who的先行词为人，在从句中作主语或宾语；that的先行词为人或物，在从句中作主语或宾语；whom的先行词为人，在从句中作宾语；what不能引导定语从句。根据“The Greens met with lots of things…”可知，先行词“things”是物，且引导词在从句中作主语，应用that引导定语从句。故选B。 28．C 【解析】句意：——《西游记》导演杨洁于4月15日去世，享年88岁。——自1986年以来，她创造了收视率最高的电视剧，重播次数超过3000次。 考查定语从句。what不引导定语从句；who指人，作定语从句的主语或宾语；that指物，作定语从句的主语或宾语。该句是定语从句，先行词是“TV play”，在从句中作主语。故选C。 29．A 【解析】句意：成都是一座大城市，我们可以在这里学习古蜀文化，享受现代生活。 考查定语从句。which先行词为物；who先行词为人；that先行词为物/人；whom先行词为人。此处先行词是city，指物，且结合介词in，可知此处是“介词+which”引导的定语从句。故选A。 30．A 【解析】句意：——你听过流行的儿歌《挖呀挖呀挖》吗？——是的，它有着最有趣的歌词，我能跟着这首歌一起唱。 考查定语从句的连接词。本句是定语从句，且主语是物，可排除B选项；what不作定语从句连接词；先行词被形容词最高级修饰时，连接词只能用that，而不能用which。故选A。 31．D 【解析】句意：大雨过后，我刚买的伞坏了。 考查定语从句的引导词。whose引导定语从句，先行词为人或物，在从句中作定语；whom引导定语从句，先行词为人，在从句中作作宾语；who引导定语从句，先行词为人，在从句中作主语；which引导定语从句，先行词为人或物，在从句中作主语或宾语。分析句子，空格处引导定语从句，先行词是umbrella，指物，且关系词在从句中作宾语，应用which引导，故选D。 32．C 【解析】句意：辛迪邀请我去看一部关于如何拯救濒危动物的电影。 考查定语从句。who谁，关系代词，代指主语或者宾语，指人；why为什么，关系副词；which，无实义，代指主语或者宾语，指物；when当……时，关系副词。根据分析句子“Cindy invited me to watch a film…is about how to save the animals in danger.”可知，先行词是film，指物，从句缺主语，所以此处应该填入which。故选C。 33．B 【解析】句意：琳达是我最好的朋友，她总是在我遇到困难时帮助我。 考查定语从句。what什么；that无实义，关系代词，代指主语或者宾语，指人或者物 ；when当……时，关系副词；which关系代词，代指主语或者宾语，指物。根据分析句子“Linda is my best friend…always gives me a hand when I get into trouble.”可知，先行词是friend，从句缺主语，所以此处应该填入that。故选B。 34．B 【解析】句意：——你知道这些天很流行的那首歌吗？——当然。是关于一个穿着帽衫在抖音上请求帮助的女孩。 考查定语从句。定语从句中先行词为人时用关系代词that或who；先行词为物时用关系代词that或which。问句中先行词为the song，所以关系代词用that或which。答语先行词为a girl，所以关系代词that或who。所以B选项中的符合定语从句对引导词的要求。故选B。 35．A 【解析】句意：我不会忘记高中时，在我困难的时候，帮助我的同学。 考查定语从句。此句是定语从句，先行词是classmates，是人，且此空在从句中作主语，用who引导。故选A。 36．B 【解析】句意：坐了这么长的车之后，我们想做的第一件事就是找点吃的。 考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，这是一个定语从句，修饰事物，先行词由序数词first修饰，关系词用that，故选B。 37．A 【解析】句意：——你最喜欢什么类型的书？——我喜欢关于科学和技术的书。 考查定语从句。which用于引导先行词是物的定语从句；who用于引导先行词是人的定语从句；what什么；when何时。此处是定语从句，先行词为books，是指物，在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which引导定语从句，故选A。 38．C 【解析】句意：我父母为我做的每一件好事感到自豪。 考查定语从句。根据“My parents take pride in everything good…I do.”可知，句子是定语从句，先行词是不定代词everything，空处缺宾语，当先行词是不定代词时，只能用that引导定语从句。故选C。 39．D 【解析】句意：钢琴弹得好的两个男孩是我的表兄弟。 考查定语从句。根据“The two boys…play the piano well are my cousins.”可知，句子是定语从句，先行词为“The two boys”，指人，从句中缺主语，因此关系词用who。故选D。 40．B 【解析】句意：屠呦呦是第一位获得诺贝尔科学奖的中国人。 考查定语从句的关系词。whom引导定语从句，在句中作宾语，先行词指人；that引导定语从句，在句中作主/宾语，先行词指人/物，先行词被最高级，序数词修饰时，只能用that；which引导定语从句，在句中作主/宾语，先行词指物；whose引导定语从句，在句中作定语，先行词指人/物。空处引导定语从句，且在句中作主语，先行词是Chinese，指人，用that引导。故选B。 41．B 【解析】句意：我喜欢对别人友好的人。 考查定语从句关系词辨析。which引导定语从句，先行词为事物，在从句中作主语/宾语；who引导定语从句，先行词为人，在从句中作主语/宾语；whose引导定语从句，先行词为人，在从句中作定语；what引导宾语从句，连接代词，在从句中作宾语。根据“I love people...are friendly to others.”可知，句子为定语从句，排除D，先行词为people，为人，排除A，关系词在从句中作主语，who引导定语从句，先行词为人，在从句中作主语。故选B。 42．C 【解析】句意：使用电力的“共享”汽车不仅看起来可爱，而且环保。 考查定语从句。whose，先行词是人或物，在从句中作定语；what不能引导定语从句；which先行词是物，在从句中作主语和宾语；who先行词是人，在从句中作主语和宾语。根据句子结构可知，先行词是cars，从句缺少主语，故用关系代词which来引导。故选C。 43．B 【解析】句意：——你在找什么？——我正在找我上周买的铅笔。 考查定语从句。who谁；which哪一个；whose谁的；what什么，不能引导定语从句。根据“the pencil...I bought last week.”可知，此处指上周买的铅笔，先行词是物，应用which引导定语从句，在从句中作宾语。故选B。 44．B 【解析】句意：中国是第一个将嫦娥4号发射到月球背面的国家。 考查定语从句。which关系代词，先行词指物，在从句中作主语或宾语；that关系代词，先行词指物或人，在从句中作主语或宾语；who关系代词，先行词指人，在从句中作主语或宾语；where关系副词，whether是否，不是定语从句引导词。句子先行词是nation，在句中作主语，且先行词被序数词修饰，此处关系代词用that。故选B。 45．D 【解析】句意：吴先生是我想向他学习的老师。他知识渊博。 考查定语从句。句子是定语从句，先行词是teacher，关系词在从句中作宾语，用who引导定语从句。故选D。 46．A 【解析】句意：微信是一项发明，它可以帮助人们与朋友交谈，自由地分享照片、想法和感受。 考查定语从句。which哪一个；who谁；whose谁的；what什么。根据“WeChat is an invention ... can help people talk with friends”可知，这是一个定语从句，先行词为“invention”，发明物，是物。关系词在从句中作主语，故用which或that。故选A。 47．C 【解析】句意：郭沫若是中国著名的作家，在世界范围内广受欢迎。 考查定语从句。句子是定语从句，先行词是writer，关系词在从句中作主语，用who引导定语从句。故选C。 48．C 【解析】句意：不努力学习的学生不会通过考试。 考查定语从句。whom谁，宾格；which哪一个；who谁；what什么。分析句子结构可知，句子为定语从句，“The students”为先行词，指人，且关系代词在从句中作主语，应用who来引导定语从句。故选C。 49．D 【解析】句意：赢得网球比赛后，郑勤文感谢所有来支持她的球迷。 考查定语从句。whom引导定语从句时，先行词是人，在定语从句中作宾语；which引导定语从句时，先行词是物，在定语从句中作主语或宾语；what不引导宾语从句；who引导定语从句时，先行词是人，在定语从句中作主语或宾语。根据“Zheng Qinwen thanked all the fans … came to support her.”可知，此处先行词the fans是人，且在定语从句作主语。故选D。 50．B 【解析】句意：通过志愿者服务，简成为了一名为其他人带来爱的志愿者。 考查定语从句。分析题目可知，此处考查定语从句；先行词volunteer“志愿者”指人，在定语从句中作主语，用who引导定语从句。故选B。 51．A 【解析】句意：当我学习英语有困难时，我的老师陈女士总是给我一些有用的建议。 考查定语从句。that引导定语从句，先行词为人或物，在从句中作主语或宾语；what不引导定语从句；who引导定语从句，先行词为人，在从句中作主语；whose引导定语从句，先行词为人或物，在从句中作定语。根据句子结构可知，空格处引导定语从句，先行词为some advice，在从句中作主语，所以用that引导定语从句。故选A。 52．D 【解析】句意：我想知道当我们处于危险的情形下时我们能向谁寻求帮助。 考查宾语从句。宾语从句应是陈述句语序，排除AB。由于ask sb. for help“向某人寻求帮助”，所以是疑问词whom。故选D。 53．A 【解析】句意：在你打开的每一扇门后面都有学习新事物的机会。 考查定语从句。that用于某些动词、形容词和名词后，引出从句；what什么；when什么时候；where什么地方。根据空前和空后结构可知，此处空后句子“you open”为定语从句修饰名词“door”，此空作open的宾语，指代door，故选A。 54．D 【解析】句意：地球为我们提供了我们所需要的一切，新鲜空气，清洁的水等等。保护它是我们的责任。 考查定语从句。句子是定语从句，先行词是planet，关系词在从句中作主语，用that引导定语从句。故选D。 55．B 【解析】句意：他在毕业典礼上的演讲是我听过的最好的一次。 考查定语从句。句子是定语从句，先行词是the best one，关系词在从句中作宾语，且先行词有最高级修饰，用that引导定语从句。故选B。 56．C 【解析】句意：《四个春天》是一部纪录片，讲述了中国西南部贵州一个小镇上一个家庭的日常生活。 考查定语从句。此处含定语从句，先行词是物，引导词在从句中作主语，故选C。 57．C 【解析】句意：故宫是我去过的最令人惊奇的地方。 考查定语从句。句子是定语从句，先行词是place，关系词在从句中作介词to的宾语，且先行词有最高级修饰，故此处用that引导定语从句。故选C。 58．A 【解析】句意：——哪一个是你的数学老师？——在那里！那个戴着一副圆眼镜的高个子男人。 考查定语从句关系词。who引导定语从句，在句中作主语/宾语，先行词是人；which引导定语从句，在句中作主语/宾语，先行词是物；what不能引导定语从句；where引导定语从句，在句中作地点状语，其前面有表示地点的先行词。分析句子可知，空后句子作定语修饰名词the tall man，空处在句中作主语，且先行词是人，所以用who，故选A。 59．A 【解析】句意：这是我参观过几次的吉林省博物馆。 考查定语从句。根据“This is Jilin Province Museum ... I have visited several times”可知，句子是定语从句，先行词Jilin Province Museum指物，且在从句中作宾语，关系词用that。故选A。 60．B 【解析】句意：——我想参加英语演讲比赛，但我认为最终很难取得成功。——别担心。世上无难事，只怕有心人。 考查定语从句。whose谁的，引导定语从句，在从句中作定语；who谁，引导定语从句，在从句中作主语或宾语；what引导名词性从句；which引导定语从句，先行词是物。根据“Nothing is difficult to the man…will try.”可知，此处是定语从句，空处作主语，先行词the man指人，引导词用who。故选B。 61．C 【解析】句意：——这个星期天你想看足球赛吗？——我认为你应该做的第一件事就是尽快买比赛的票。 考查定语从句。who谁；which哪一个；that放在动词或名词后引导从句，无实义；whose谁的。先行词“thing”指物，且有序数词修饰，关系词应用that。故选C。 62．A 【解析】句意：失明是大多数人无法想象的事情。 考查定语从句。根据题干，先行词是复合不定代词something，指物，在定语从句中作宾语。当先行词为复合不定代词时，指物只能用that。故选A。 63．B 【解析】句意：2023年7月9日在呼和浩特举行的马拉松比赛吸引了数千名赛跑运动员。 考查定语从句的引导词。what什么；which（……的）那个；when当……时；where（在）……的地方。空格处引导定语从句，引导词在从句中作主语，且指代先行词“The marathon”，所以用which引导定语从句。故选B。 64．A 【解析】句意：这就是昨天在超市帮我的那个女孩。 考查定语从句。who谁；which哪个；whose谁的；whom谁，宾格。分析句子结构，此处是定语从句，先行词是girl，指人，且作从句主语，用who。故选A。 65．B 【解析】句意：——应用商店有什么新东西吗？——Notability。它是一个有用的应用程序，可以帮助你添加像图片之类的东西到你的笔记中。 考查定语从句。根据“It is a useful app... can help you add things like pictures to your notes.”可知，此处是定语从句，先行词是app，为物，且在定语从句中作主语，所以关系词用which。故选B。 66．B 【解析】句意：——毕业这么多年了，母校对你来说意味着什么？——一切！那些我熟悉的难忘的事情和人会永远留在我的脑海里。 考查定语从句关系词。根据“Those unforgettable things and people”可知，先行词即有人又有物，关系代词只能用that。故选B。 67．B 【解析】句意：李白是一位伟大的诗人，他对我们的文化产生了很大的影响。 考查定语从句。根据“makes a big difference to our culture.”可知，此处是定语从句修饰poet，先行词poet指人，且在从句中作主语，此处用who引导定语从句。故选B。 68．D 【解析】句意：学生们崇拜那些只有帅而没有爱的明星是不对的。 考查定语从句。空处应填引导词，引导一个定语从句，先行词是the stars，指人，空处在从句中作主语，应用who引导，故选D。 69．A 【解析】句意：玛丽喜欢和那些为别人着想的人交朋友。 考查定语从句。根据“...with people...think more of others”可知，先行词为人，且在从句中作主语，因此用关系代词who。故选A。 70．B 【解析】句意：吴老师是一位能教给我们一些生活知识的老师。 考查关系词。whom谁，who的宾格；who谁；which哪一个；what什么。根据“Ms. Wu is a teacher ... can teach us something about life.”可知，先行词指人，且在从句作主语，故应用who。故选B。 / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$