Unit 1 Section Ⅱ Grammar and usage-【金版教程】2024-2025学年高中英语选择性必修第四册创新导学案word（译林版2020）

学科网书城 品牌书店·知名教辅·正版资源 b.zxxk.com 您身边的互联网+教辅专家 Section IⅡ Grammar and usage 课前预习自检 KE QIAN YU XI ZI JIAN 1,重点词汇 1.to behave in a dishonest way in order to get what you want-ot.vi.cheat 2.the basic and most important part of something-n.core 3.to stop blaming or being angry with someone for something they have done,or not punish them for something-ot.&vi.forgive 4.large in size,value or importance--adj.substantial 5.a separate room or area in a hospital for people with the same type of medical condition-n. ward 6.feeling ashamed because you have done sth that you know is wrong or have not done sth that you should have done-adj.guilty 7.to give up a job or position by telling your employer that you are leaving-ot vi.resign 8.of excellent quality;very great-adj.superb 川教材原句 1.Among every generation there are those who are willing to (承担这沉重的责任负担)and (致力于工作)for the good of their country and people bear the heavy burden of responsibility,devote themselves to working 2.He knew that if he came back.he could (帮助推进科学的发展)in China 答案：help advance science 3.Huang (被任命为首席科学家)of a branch of China's largest deep- Earth exploration programme. 答案：was made chief scientist 4. (不浪费一分一秒)，Huang worked in his office day and night 答案：Wasting no time 5.When he had to go away on business,he always chose the midnight flight (这样他不会错过任何工作)in the daytime 答案：so that he did not miss any work 6.Sadly, (他患有)cancer,,but he continued to work even in the hospital ward until he died in 2017 at the age of just 58. 答案：he fell ill with 1 学科网书城 品牌书店·知名教辅·正版资源 b.2XXk.com● 您身边的互联网+教辅专家 7.Huang (在工作中表现出色)and made substantial contributions to his country 答案：excelled where he was working 8. (他绘制世界的使命)under the Earth's surface helped discover valuable mineral resources and brought China's knowledge and technology in this area alongside the world's finest 答案：His missions to map the world 重点合作探究 ZHONG DIAN HE ZUO TAN JIU resign vt.&i.辞职，辞去（教材P6O esign from从…辞职 eim…辞去作为…的职务 归纳 resign t.长. 辞职，去 esign one's=position辞去某人的 听任，顺从 职务 拓展 ig即小nn把某人委托给… esign oneself to(doing)sth听任/顺从/ 只好接受（做）某事 情景 助记 DTwo members resigned from the board in protest. 董事会的两名成员辞职以示抗议。 2He resigned as manager after eight years. 八年后，他辞去了经理的职务。 3He resigned his post because he had been offered a better job. 他辞职了，因为他有了更好的工作。 4More and more parents resign their children to their grandparents at home while working in the city 越来越多的父母在去城市打工时把孩子托付给家里的爷爷奶奶照顾。 了即景活用 (1)单句语法填空 2 学科网书城 品牌书店·知名教辅·正版资源 b.zxxk.com 您身边的互联网+教辅专家 DHe was forced to resign Finance Minister ②He resigned the board and formed a new company. 答案：①as②iom (2)完成句子 ①他已经接受了自己将要失去工作的事实。 He the fact that he will lose his job. ②克鲁克已经辞职了，他不愿参与这种背信弃义的行为。 Crook rather than be party to such treachery. 答案：①has resigned himself to②had resigned his postposition 2 guilty ad.感到内疚的，感到惭愧的；有罪的，有过失的（教材P) effeel guilty about/of对 归纳 iya或感到内疚 这到内孩 的，感到惭愧的： e guilty of犯有…罪 拓展 有罪的，有过失的 a sense of guilt 四内孩，悔根：有罪 内欢感：负里感 情景 助记 DA guilty conscience is a self-accuser. 做贼心虚。 2They feel guilty about not being able to see their son often 他们因不能经常去看望儿子而感到内疚。 3The man admitted that he was guilty of murder. 那名男子承认他犯了谋杀罪。 4Nothing could purge the guilt from her mind. 她内心的愧疚是无法消除的。 ☑即景活用 (1)单句语法填空 ①A personal sense guilt guides one's behavior. ②They were found (guilt)of causing unnecessary suffering to animals 答案：①of②guilty (2)翻译 3 亨学科网书城 品牌书店·知名教辅·正版资源 b.2xXk.com● 您身边的互联网+教辅专家 她为最近少花时间陪两个孩子而感到内疚。 答案：She feels guilty about spending less time lately with her two kids 3 ashamed adj.惭愧，羞愧，尴尬（教材P7 feel/he ashamed of (doing)sth (做)装事而羞耻/惭愧 ashamed adj. el/be ashamed to do sth做某事 惭愧，羞愧 感到羞耻惭愧 植检 frml/e ashamed for sh替某人感 到羞耻/惭愧 归纳 tome'sshame令某人 拓展 羞愧的是 辱：今人惋 It's a shame that... shame 惜的卓 是遗憾的 样.使着愧 ameful ad着耻的：丢脸的 情景 助记 DThe photographer was ashamed of his failure in the photography competition 摄影师为自己在摄影比赛中的失败感到羞愧。 2Jim was ashamed to have troubled me with so many questions. 吉姆为用如此多的问题麻烦我而感到不好意思。 3You always cheat in exams,and I am ashamed for you. 你总是在考试中作弊，我替你感到羞愧。 To my shame(=I feel shamed that)I refused to listen to her side of the story 使我感到惭愧的是，我拒绝听她对事情的解释。 易混辨析：ashamed/shameful ashamed “感到羞耻，觉得惭愧，不好意思”，表示主语主观认为是可耻的 shameful 表示事物本身的客观性质是“可耻的” He is ashamed of his blindness,but he believes that it is a shameful act to steal money from a blind 他为自己的失明感到羞愧，但他认为从盲人那里偷钱是可耻的行为。 ☑了即景活用 学科网书城 品牌书店·知名教辅·正版资源 b.2xXk.com● 您身边的互联网+教辅专家 ()单句语法填空 ①It's shame that she wasn't here to see it 2The more embarrassing or (shame)the secret is,the juicier the gossip it makes ③You should be ashamed yourself for telling such lies. 答案：①a②shameful③of (2完成句子 我们常常为自己的缺点、错误和失败感到羞耻。 We are often our mistakes and our failures 答案：ashamed of our shortcomings 44 forgive v.&vi原谅，宽恕；免除（债务）教材PT) forgive sh for (doing)sth 原凉某人（做过）某利 forgive rt.&ri forgive one's doing sth 归纳 原谅，宽忽： 原掠某人微某事 免除 拓展 forgive and forget 既往不窖：不念旧恶 forgiveness n. ask/beg/pray for (sh's)forgiveness 原谅；宽恕 析求（某人的）原球 情景 助记 DPlease forgive me for losing contact with you for a long time 请原谅我与你失去联系这么长时间。 2Forgive my interrupting but I really don't agree with that. 请原谅我打岔，不过我确实不同意那一点。 3It is better to forgive and forget rather than to hold a grudge. 与其怀有宿怨不如去宽恕和释怀。 Apologies minimize conflict,lead to forgiveness,and serve to restore relationship closeness. 道歉能减少冲突，带来宽恕，并有助于修补亲密关系。 ☑了即景活用 (1)单句语法填空 DThose viewing the quality of Abbot Hall's temporary exhibitions may (forgive)for thinking they are in a city gallery 5 学科网书城 品牌书店·知名教辅·正版资源 b.ZXXk.c0m○ 您身边的互联网+教辅专家 ②Please forgive my (be)so rude to you that day ③He forgave her what she had said to him 答案：①be forgiven②being③for (2)翻译 ①他从未承认自己的罪行，也没有请求原谅。 ②为了报答你的好心，我原谅你过去的一切坏习惯。 答案：①He never admitted his guilt or asked for forgiveness. 2In reward for your kind heart,I forgive you for all your bad habits. Grammar 状语从句（复习） 0 思维导图 时向状语从可 条件状语从句 地点状语从句 让步状语从可 原因状语从句 状请从句 方式状语从句 目的状语从句 比较状语从句 结果状语从句 状语从句的省路 语法体验 写出下列状语从句的类型 1.There was a huge bang as if someone had exploded a rocket outside. 状语从句 答案：方式 2.Whether or not we're successful,we are sure that we did our best 状语从句 答案：让步 3.As long as you are in good health,nothing else matters. 状语从句 答案：条件 4.We live where the road crosses the river. 状语从句 答案：地点 5.As soon as we heard the good news,we jumped with joy 状语从句 答案：时间 6 学科网书城 品牌书店·知名教辅·正版资源 b.2 xxk.com● 您身边的互联网+教辅专家 6.Even though/if you say so,I do not believe it. 状语从句 答案：让步 7.There are as many people in our town as in your town. 状语从句 答案：比较 8.Because they have strong players,they win the game. 状语从句 答案：原因 9.We arrived early in the morning.so that we caught the early train 状语从句 答案：结果 10.She worked hard so that everything would be ready in time 状语从句 答案：目的 语法讲座 状语从句在句中作状语，与副词的作用相同，修饰主句中的动词、形容词或副词等：状语从 句放在主句之前时，常用逗号与主句隔开。 按其意义和作用一般可分为时间状语从句、地点状语从句、原因状语从句、目的状语从句、 结果状语从句、条件状语从句、让步状语从句、方式状语从句和比较状语从句。 一、时间状语从句 L.when,while,as的用法 nhm既可引导，一个持续动作，也可引导一个短暂动 作，可用于主句和从句动作同时发生或从句动作先 干主句动作 从属连词whi•引导的动作必须是持续性的，侧重主 句动作和从句动作相对比 从属连词：可表示从句和主句的两个动作交替进行 或同时完成，意为“一边…，（一边…）”或 “随着4+ DIt was the middle of the night when my father woke me up and told me to watch the football game. 当我的父亲把我叫醒并告诉我看足球赛的时候，那时是半夜。 2I want the girls to experience that while they are young. 我希望那些女孩们趁着年轻的时候去体验一下那样的生活。 3As speech develops,the child starts to string more words together. 随着语言能力不断发展，孩子开始把更多的词连起来说。 名师点津 如果主句表示的是短暂性动作，而从句用延续性动词的进行时态表示在一段时间内正在进行 7 学科网书城 品牌书店·知名教辅·正版资源 b.ZXXk.com● 您身边的互联网+教辅专家 的动作，此时when,while与as可互换使用。 When/While/As I was walking down the street,I came across an old friend of mine. 当我沿大街行走时，碰巧遇到了我的一个老朋友。 2.when的特殊用法 be about to do...when.即将做 这时（突然） be doing.whcm.正在度 when可表示某作事 这时（突然） 正在发生或刚刚发 be on the point of doing...when... 生时。突然发生另 正要做这时（突然） -动作 had done.when附做了一 这时（突然） DI was about to call Tom up when he came to my house. 我正想给汤姆打电话，这时他来我家了。 2On Friday,we were packing to leave for a weekend away when my daughter heard cries for help. 周五，我们正在收拾行李准备外出度周末，这时我的女儿听到了求救的呼喊。 3I was on the point of giving him my address when my friend came up to us. 我差点就要把地址给他了，这时我朋友走过来了。 4He had just finished his homework when his mother asked him to play the piano. 他刚完成作业母亲就让他弹钢琴。 3.表示“刚…就…，一…就…”的常用表达 as soon as,immediately,directly,instantly,the moment,the minute,the instant,no sooner... than,hardly/scarcely...when,once等。 DMy mom didn't wait a moment,but came immediately she received my call. 我妈妈未等片刻，而是一接到我的电话就立刻来了。 2 The moment I heard the voice.I knew my father was coming 我一听到那个声音就知道父亲来了。 名师点津 no sooner与hardly/scarcely后的句子谓语动词应用过去完成时，而than与when引导的从句 谓语动词应用一般过去时。此外，当把no sooner和hardly/scarcely提到句首时，句子应用部 分倒装。 He had hardly got home when he began to prepare supper 他一到家就开始准备晚饭。 He had no sooner finished his speech than the students started cheering. 8 学科网书城 品牌书店·知名教辅·正版资源 b.zxxk.com 您身边的互联网+教辅专家 =No sooner had he finished his speech than the students started cheering 他刚完成演讲学生们就开始欢呼起来。 4.before与since的用法 wie+一段时间+before..“一段时间之后 It won't he long hefore+“不久之后就" hws+一段时间+before4“过了一段时间才 lt is/has been+一段时间+ie.“白从一段时间了” DIt will be three years before I graduate from college. 三年后我才大学毕业。 2It will not be long before the inflation figure starts to fall 过不了多久，通货膨胀的数字就会开始下降。 3It was several years before I realized that David had lied to me. 几年之后我才意识到大卫对我撒谎了。 4As is reported,it is 100 years since the university was founded. 据报道，自从该大学成立已经有100年了。 5.untl/till和not.until的用法 uill表示“某动作一直延续到某时间点才停止“ 此时主句谓语动词是延续性动词.主，从句都为背 定式，两者可以换用.但不可以置于句首 …ml表示“某动作直到某时间才开的”，主句 调语动词是非延续性动词，从句为肯定式 DHave you heard the meeting will be put off until/till next Tuesday? 这个会议将被推迟到下周二，你有没有听说？ 2I won't tell the student the answer to the math problem until he has been working on it for more than an hour 直到这个学生做这道数学题用了一个多小时的时间，我才告诉他答案。 →趁热打铁1 (1)单句语法填空 ①It wasn't 1980-32 years into his career-that he landed the role it would seem he was made for in Airplane! 2The staff is friendly and helpful,providing you with a map of the city you arrive, and offering advice if you require some. 答案：①until ②when (2)完成句子 9 学科网书城围 品牌书店·知名教辅·正版资源 b.ZXXk.com● 您身边的互联网+教辅专家 ①不久之后，嫌疑人就会被速捕。 the suspect will be arrested ②她从大学毕业己经有六年了。 It has been six years ③铃声一响，男孩们就冲了出去。 the boys rushed out 答案：①It won't be long before②since she graduated from university③Immediately the bell rang 二、 地点状语从句 通常由连词whem和wherever引导，从句 可位于主句之前，也可位于主句之后 从句在句首时常兼有抽象条件意味】 DA number of high buildings have arisen where there was nothing a year ago but ruins. 很多高楼拔地而起，而在一年前，这里是一片废墟。 2Where(ver)there's plenty of sun and rain,the fields are green. 哪里阳光、雨水充足，哪里的田野就绿油油。 三、原因状语从句 he引 般放于主句之后，bue表示直接原因。 导的原因 语气最强，适合国答w,引导的疑阿句 状语从句 般放于主句之前表示已知的、显然的理 inre引导 由（通常被译成“概然”）.校为正式， 的原因状 7语气比use弱 请从句 表示附带说明“双方已知的原因”，语气 as引导的原 比i弱，较为正式，位置较为灵活（常 因状语从句 放于主句之前》 eeing (that),now (that),considering (that).given (that).in that 也可引导原因状语从句 DHis friends all like him just because he is handsome and successful. 他的朋友们都喜欢他，只是因为他英俊而成功。 2We thought that,since we were in the area,we'd stop by and see them. 我们想，既然到了这个地方，就该顺便去看看他们。 3As she has been ill perhaps she will need some help 由于她病了，也许她需要一些帮助。 4Considering that they are fresh from universities,they've done a pretty impressive job. 10