课时跟踪检测(10)（Word练习）-【优化指导】2024-2025学年新教材高中英语选择性必修第三册（译林版2020）

课时跟踪检测(十) [对应学生用书P157] Ⅰ.单词拼写 1．The breadth (宽度) of the whole camp was 400 paces. 2．There's been a big reduction in the size of the merchant fleet (舰队) in recent years. 3．Such boats can navigate (航行) on the Hudson. 4．With the aid of a compass (指南针) the traveler can find the land. 5．Keep the receipt as proof (证明) of purchase. 6．He didn't acknowledge (承认) that he had done anything wrong. 7．If you suspect a gas leak (泄露)，do not strike a match or even turn on an electric light. 8．Three of them were killed in the subsequent (后来的) encounter with the police. 9．I'm happy to inform you that you have been promoted to captain (队长). 10．It remained part of a royal (庄严的) palace and prison combined. Ⅱ.单句语法填空 1．This news had convinced him of the popularity of his novel. 2．Zheng's voyages(voyage) were closely associated with Nanjing's traffic. 3．On behalf of everyone here I want to thank you for your help. 4．Regular exercise strengthens (strength) the heart，thereby reducing the risk of heart attack. 5．Chinese classical gardens represent a harmonious (harmony) blending of man and nature. 6．Others are dismissed(dismiss) as nothing more than entertainment. 7．Chaplin was not just a genius；he was among the most influential(influence) figures in film history. 8．I insisted that you (should) be (be)there on time. 9．We must pull our company out of the financial(finance) crisis as soon as possible. 10．We must start early to allow for troubles we have in finding her house. Ⅲ.单句写作 1．They set sail from China for Japan.(set sail) 他们从中国启程前往日本。 2．According to the present situation，he had to make an adjustment to his plan.(according to) 根据现在的形势，他只好调整计划。 3．She and her family hid away for nearly twenty­five months before they were discovered．(before) 她和她的家人躲藏了近25个月才被发现。 4．To our astonishment，they arrived on time.(astonishment) 使我们惊讶的是，他们准时到了。 5．The doctor said that his life was out of danger．(out of danger) 医生说他已脱离生命危险。 6．The boy who is standing in the distance has a gift for writing.(in the distance) 站在远处的那个男孩很有写作天赋。 Ⅰ.阅读理解 Like colourful corals，they rocked gently in the ocean current.Only these were not beautiful natural reefs grown over centuries.They were plastic bags，stuck to the Aegean Sea floor since a waste site slid into the water eight years ago. A team of divers and environmentalists pulled thousands of plastic bags from the water near Greece's Andros Island this month.The workers described what they found as a “gulf full of plastic corals”． Seas polluted with plastic have become one of the most shocking signs of human damage to the planet.“It was a very scary thing to see，”said Arabella Ross，a volunteer diver with Aegean Rebreath.The group carries out underwater and coastal clean­ups.“It really shook me and I think it really shook everyone who saw it，”she added. The Mediterranean is among the seas with the highest levels of plastic pollution in the world，the World Wildlife Fund (WWF) said in a report in June.Greece produces about 700，000 tons of plastic waste a year，or about 68 kilos per person.About 11，500 tons enter its seas every year.Almost 70% of that returns to the Greek coast，one of the longest in the world.The sea pollution off Andros is thought to date back to 2011，when heavy rain caused a waste site to collapse.Most of the waste fell into the sea. Aegean Rebreath divers removed blue，black and yellow plastic bags caught between reefs and among fish.It was “like the paradise of the Caribbean Sea，where you find coral reefs everywhere of every colour.It was the exact same thing，but instead of corals it was bags，”diver Arabella Ross said. The team managed to remove only a small part of the plastic waste they found.They also pulled up 300 kilograms of old fishing traps—known as “ghost nets”—from Andros.In a separate operation in June off Salamina，a small island near Athens，they removed two tons. “If people are wondering where their rubbish ends up，we see it each time we go into the water，”Ross said. [语篇解读]　这是一篇说明文。日前，有人发现在希腊安德罗斯岛附近的爱琴海海域积累了大量的塑料垃圾。从远处望去，潜水员仿佛看到了一个色彩缤纷、随着洋流缓缓流动的海底世界。它们是数万吨的塑料废物，在这里堆积如山，形成了一种“珊瑚礁”。 1．What does the underlined word “it” (Para.3) most probably refer to? A.The Aegean Sea. B.Plastic pollution. C.The volunteer group. D.The waste site. B　[代词指代题。根据上文的“Seas polluted with plastic have become one of the most shocking signs of human damage to the planet.”可知，此处的it指的是上文提到的塑料污染。] 2．What is believed to be the start of the pollution off Andros? A.Collapse of a waste site. B.Extremely bad weather. C.Waste thrown away by tourists. D.Plastic waste produced by the Greeks. A　[细节理解题。根据第四段最后两句“The sea pollution off Andros is thought to date back to 2011，when heavy rain caused a waste site to collapse.Most of the waste fell into the sea.”可知，污染的开始是垃圾场的坍塌。] 3．Where does the rubbish finally end up according to Ross? A.The oceans. B.In the fields. C.In the rubbish sites. D.The waste treatment factories. A　[推理判断题。根据最后一段Ross所说的话“If people are wondering where their rubbish ends up，we see it each time we go into the water”可知，垃圾最终进入了海里。] 4．What could be the best title for the passage? A.Gulf of Plastic Coral Is Found in Aegean Sea B.The Paradise Lies in the Caribbean Sea C.Coral Reefs Are Full of Every Colour D.Water Pollution Is Very Serious A　[标题概括题。通读全文可知，潜水员在希腊安德罗斯岛的水下仿佛看到了一个色彩缤纷、随着洋流缓缓流动的海底世界。那是数万吨的塑料废物，在这里堆积如山，形成了一种“珊瑚礁”。由此可知，A项可作为本文的标题。] Ⅱ.完形填空 There he was, turning the corner of Hawley and Main Street like clockwork. His red hair seemed to catch the sunlight, giving his head a soft candle­flame glow. He caught my eye, and up went his arm in his usual wave. As usual, I 1 back and gave him a warm smile. I didn't know his name, but he was very 2 to everybody. No matter the weather, I saw him walking out there almost every day. Having moved from a larger city, I wasn't used to waves from 3 . Actually, wherever we were, people hardly 4 each other. We simply passed by each other, heads down, minding our own 5 ． Perhaps that's why I enjoyed these daily waves. It felt great to be 6 and receive that message of “Hello！”. On days when we didn't 7 to pass each other, I missed him and wondered if he was all right. The next day, I'd find myself driving with one eye on the 8 . It was a happy reunion when I spotted him, and I'd wave first in my 9 ． One night I was walking in the street, my thoughts traveled to “The Waver”， wondering if I could be 10 enough to wave at people I didn't know. Just at the point, I heard a car 11 . I made eye contact with the person in the car, smiled and waved at her. The woman's face 12 ， and she waved back. I was a little surprised. I reminded myself, “It's okay. It's actually kind of 13 ！” I waved to everyone I saw the rest of the way home. Everyone at some point in their lives wonders if they've made any 14 on the world. I can tell you that you don't have to change the world 15 . It's enough to help sweeten it a little, even simply by a heart­warming wave. [语篇解读]　这是一篇记叙文。文章主要记叙了一个陌生人在街上和作者主动挥手，作者也报以挥手和微笑，然后一天晚上作者用同样的方式向一位坐在车里的女士挥手，也得到了对方的回应。作者感悟到每个人在人生的某个阶段都想知道自己是否对这个世界产生了影响。你不需要彻底改变这个世界，即使只是一个温暖的挥手，也足以让世界变得更美好。 1．A.waved　　　　　　　　　 B．took C.saluted D．glanced A　[考查动词词义辨析。句意：像往常一样，我也挥了挥手，给了他一个温暖的微笑。A.waved挥动；B.took带走；C.saluted敬礼；D.glanced瞥见。根据上文“He caught my eye, and up went his arm in his usual wave.”可推知，作者也向对方挥了挥手作为回应。] 2．A.cautious B．reliable C.friendly D．thankful C　[考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我不知道他的名字，但他对每个人都很友好。A.cautious谨慎的；B.reliable可靠的；C.friendly友好的；D.thankful感谢的。根据上文对方跟不认识的作者打招呼可推知，那个人对每个人都很友好。] 3．A.strangers B．relatives C.colleagues D．employers A　[考查名词词义辨析。句意：我从一个较大的城市搬来，不习惯陌生人向我招手。A.strangers陌生人；B.relatives亲戚；C.colleagues同事；D.employers雇主。结合上文“I didn't know his name”可知，作者不习惯陌生人向自己招手。] 4．A.informed B．encouraged C.encountered D．acknowledged D　[考查动词词义辨析。句意：事实上，无论我们在哪里，人们几乎都不认识对方。A.informed通知；B.encouraged鼓励；C.encountered遇到；D.acknowledged认识，承认。大城市里人们不习惯陌生人向自己招手，因此无论在哪里，人们几乎都不认识对方。] 5．A.behaviors B．business C.appearance D．manners B　[考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们只是擦肩而过，低着头，各自做自己的事。A.behaviors行为；B.business事物，生意；C.appearance外貌；D.manners礼貌。此处考查固定短语mind one's own business表示“管自己的事”。] 6．A.worried B．noticed C.relieved D．checked B　[考查动词词义辨析。句意：被别人注意到并收到“你好！”的信息，感觉棒极了。A.worried担心；B.noticed注意到；C.relieved减轻；D.checked检查。结合上文陌生人注意到了作者，向作者挥手，作者感到被人注意到，并收到“你好！”的信息，感觉棒极了。] 7．A.agree B．attempt C.promise D．happen D　[考查动词词义辨析。句意：在我们没有碰巧擦肩而过的日子里，我想念他，想知道他是否还好。A.agree 同意；B.attempt企图；C.promise承诺；D.happen 发生。结合上文可知，作者和陌生男子只是在街上碰巧遇到的，短语happen to“碰巧发生”。] 8．A.pedestrians B．buildings C.street D．children C　[考查名词词义辨析。句意：第二天，我发现自己开车的时候一只眼睛还盯着街上。A.pedestrians行人；B.buildings建筑；C.street街道；D.children孩子。根据上文“I missed him and wondered if he was all right”可知，作者想念和自己挥手的男子，因此开车的时候一只眼睛还盯着街上。] 9．A.mildness B．kindness C.eagerness D．brightness C　[考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我看到他的时候，那是一次快乐的重聚，我先急切地向他挥手。A.mildness 温和；B.kindness善良；C.eagerness渴望；D.brightness 明亮。作者和对方好几天不见，因此在重聚时，急切地向他挥手。短语in one's eagerness“急切地”。] 10．A.brave B．mature C.lucky D．crazy A　[考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一天晚上，我走在大街上，思绪游走在“挥手者”身上，不知道自己能不能勇敢地向不认识的人招手。A.brave勇敢的；B.mature 成熟的；C.lucky幸运的；D.crazy疯狂的。结合上文可知，作者是从不习惯和陌生人挥手的大城市搬来的，因此此处是在思考自己是否能够勇敢地向不认识的人招手。] 11．A.attacking B．escaping C.following D．approaching D　[考查动词词义辨析。句意：就在这时，我听到一辆汽车开过来了。A.attacking攻击；B.escaping逃跑；C.following跟随；D.approaching走近，接近。结合后文“I made eye contact with the person in the car”可知，有车开过来了，逐渐靠近作者。] 12．A.lengthened B．softened C.worsened D．tightened B　[考查动词词义辨析。句意：那女人的脸色软了下来，也挥了挥手。A.lengthened延长；B.softened软化；C.worsened恶化；D.tightened固定。结合上文“smiled and waved at her”可知，作者向车里的女士微笑和挥手，对方的脸色变得软了下来，也向作者挥了挥手。] 13．A.cool B．tough C.fresh D．curious A　[考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我提醒自己，“没关系。这实际上还有点酷！”A.cool酷的，凉爽的；B.tough艰苦的；C.fresh新鲜的；D.curious好奇的。结合上文“It's okay.”可知，作者这么做了以后，觉得还挺酷的，承接上文OK，此处用cool更符合语境。] 14．A.comment B．impact C.decision D．sense B　[考查名词词义辨析。句意：每个人在人生的某个阶段都想知道自己是否对这个世界产生了影响。A.comment评论；B.impact影响；C.decision决定；D.sense感觉。结合后文on the world可知，此处考查短语make an impact on表示“对……产生影响”。] 15．A.accurately B．slightly C.thoroughly D．generally C　[考查副词词义辨析。句意：我可以告诉你，你不必彻底改变世界。A.accurately准确地；B.slightly些微地；C.thoroughly彻底地；D.generally通常。结合后文“It's enough to help sweeten it a little, even simply by a heart­warming wave.”可知，你不必彻底改变世界，只需要一个温暖的挥手。] Ⅲ.语法填空 Several thousand years ago，the silk trade first reached Europe via the Silk Road，1. brought with it not only excellent silk clothes and decorative items，but also the ancient culture of the Far East.From then on，silk 2. (regard) as the symbol of Eastern civilization. According to 3. ancient Chinese legend，it was the Yellow Emperor 4. ordered the fibers woven into cloth and made into silk clothes，which were 5. (extreme) soft and comfortable.Later generations worshiped the Yellow Emperor 6. the God of Weaving. China is the birthplace of sericulture (养蚕).Sericulture，including planting mulberry trees，raising silk worms and 7. (produce) silk fabric，has been an essential form of labor in China for 8. (century).The Chinese ancestors had invented flat­weaving and figured­weaving techniques，and colored cloth using natural vermilion (朱红) dye. With the 9. (improve) in loom construction and printing and dying methods，more varieties of silk were developed.China possessed the most 10. (advance) silk dying and weaving techniques of the ancient world. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。几千年前，丝绸贸易第一次通过丝绸之路到达欧洲，不仅给西方带去了美丽的丝绸服装和装饰用品，而且带去了古老的东方文化，丝绸被视为东方文明的象征。中国人民的祖先发明了平纹织和提花织技术，中国拥有古代世界上最先进的丝绸染织技术。 1．which　[考查定语从句的关系词。分析句子可知，本句是定语从句。空格处在句中指代前面的句子，此时要用关系词which，故本空填which。] 2．was regarded　[考查动词的时态和语态。分析句子可知，本句中缺少谓语动词，其中的主语silk与谓语动词是被动关系，根据语境可知本句用一般过去时，故空格处用一般过去时的被动语态，故填was regarded。] 3．an　[考查冠词。分析句子可知，空格处在句中表示数量“一”，因为ancient 是以元音音素开头的，要用不定冠词an，故填an。] 4．that/who　[考查强调句。分析句子可知，本句是强调句。被强调部分为the Yellow Emperor，指人。故填that/who。] 5．extremely　[考查副词。空格处在句中修饰形容词soft和comfortable，修饰形容词一般用副词形式，故填extremely。] 6．as　[考查介词。分析句子及语境可知，空格在句中意为“作为”，因此，用介词as。故填as。] 7．producing　[考查非谓语动词。空格处在句中作介词including的宾语，与planting和raising并列，要用动词的­ing形式，故填producing。] 8．centuries　[考查名词的数。分析句意可知，此处是指几个世纪，要用名词的复数形式，故填centuries。] 9．improvement　[考查名词。空格处在句中作介词with的宾语，前面有定冠词，所以用名词，表示抽象概念，为不可数名词，故填名词improvement。] 10．advanced　[考查形容词。空格处在句中作定语，修饰名词techniques。根据语境可知，此处是指最先进的，即形容词advanced。故填advanced。] 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$