Unit 2 Section Ⅰ Topic Talk & Lesson 1-【金版教程】2024-2025学年高中英语选择性必修第一册创新导学案课件PPT（北师大版2019）

WELCOME UNIT UNIT 2　SUCCESS Section Ⅰ Topic Talk & Lesson 1 课前预习自检 重点合作探究 课堂效果检测（一） 目录 CONTENTS 1 2 ３ 课时语法精讲 4 课堂效果检测（二） 5 课后课时作业（一） 6 课后课时作业（二） 7 课前预习自检 Angela Johnson interviews ex­millionaire Jason Harley 安吉拉·约翰逊采访前百万富翁詹森·哈利 For a lot of people, becoming a millionaire is a symbol of success and they set this as their ultimate goal. 对很多人来说，成为百万富翁是成功的象征，他们把这作为他们的最终目标。 课前预习自检 •They spend half of their time dreaming up ways of getting rich and achieving the success they expect, and the rest of their time thinking about all the things they will do once they become rich. 他们花一半时间想象各种发财和达到他们期望的成功的办法，另一半时间则用来考虑一旦他们变得富有，他们会干什么。 But do all millionaires get the sense of success they were looking for after they achieve their goals? 但是，是否所有的百万富翁都能在实现他们的目标后获得他们所追求的成就感呢？ 课前预习自检 ①___________ n. 百万富翁 ②________ n. 象征,标志 ③_________ adj. 最后的,最终的 ④“主(They)谓(spend)宾(half of their time和the rest of their time)”。其中they expect是省略了___________的定语从句；they will do是省略了________的定语从句； once引导__________从句。 millionaire symbol ultimate that/which that 时间状语 课前预习自检 Some continue to worry about money when they become millionaires—they worked hard to become wealthy, but then they need to continue making money so they don't lose the sense of success they have achieved. 一些人成为百万富翁后继续担心金钱问题——他们努力工作来变得富有，但他们仍然需要继续赚钱，这样他们不会失去他们已取得的成就感。 However, there are people who have turned their backs on their millions and found other forms of success in their lives. 然而，有些人却放弃了百万家财，找到了他们人生中其他形式的成功。 课前预习自检 Jason Harley is one example. 詹森·哈利就是一个例子。 Sixteen years ago, Jason was a college professor with a huge six­bedroom house and a fortune of two million dollars. 16年前，詹森是一名大学教授，拥有一套六间卧室的大房子和200万美元的财富。 Today he lives in a small dormitory room with only second­hand furniture. 如今，他住在一间只有二手家具的小宿舍里。 •There are certainly no signs that Jason is a rich and successful man! 这确实没有迹象表明詹森是一个富有和成功的人！ 课前预习自检 ⑤________ n. 教授 ⑥________ n. 大笔的钱,巨款 ⑦__________ n. 寝室,学生宿舍 ⑧________ n. 家具 ⑨“谓(are)主(no signs)”。本句是倒装句型。其中that ... man是that引导的________从句,解释说明signs的内容。 professor fortune dormitory furniture 同位语 课前预习自检 There is a small garden outside with a few fruit trees, which Jason enjoys taking care of. 外面有一个小花园，里面有几棵果树，詹森喜欢照料它们。 He also grows some vegetables and a few flowers. 他还种了一些蔬菜和一些花。 He gets his clothes and a lot of other things from charity shops. 他从慈善商店购买衣服和许多其他东西。 But Jason appreciates this change. 但詹森喜欢这种改变。 课前预习自检 He is pleased to give up the lifestyle of a rich man. 他很高兴放弃了富人的生活方式。 He was tired of being regarded as living a successful life, as a person who had everything while many people had nothing. 他厌倦了被认为过着成功的生活，被认为是一个拥有一切而许多人却一无所有的人。 He made the choice to give all his money away. 他决定把他所有的钱财都捐赠出去。 课前预习自检 And this, he said, brought him happiness and a sense of success in life. 他说，这给他带来了快乐和一种人生的成就感。 “I don't need a lot of money.I don't want to buy more things.I have enough，” said Jason. “我不需要很多钱。我不想再买更多东西了。我拥有的已经足够了，”詹森说。 •“What I want is to live simply and be helpful to others. “我想要的是简单地生活和帮助别人。 课前预习自检 A few years ago, I was a millionaire, but I knew millions of people died of hunger every year, and there were places with no schools and no teachers. 几年前，我是百万富翁，但我知道每年有数百万人死于饥饿，而且有些地方既没有学校也没有老师。 So many people could never go to school. 所以很多人永远无法上学。 They didn't have the chance to learn and get on in life. 他们没有学习和出人头地的机会。 课前预习自检 This worried me a lot and I felt very guilty being a rich man without doing anything.” 这让我很担心，作为一个富人什么都没做，我感到很内疚。” Therefore he gave away all his money to charities. 因此，他把他所有的钱都捐给了慈善机构。 Whenever he had more than two thousand dollars, he would give away small bank notes to homeless people in the streets of local areas. 每当他有超过两千美元时，他就会把小额钞票送给当地街道上无家可归的人。 课前预习自检 ⑩__________ vt. 欣赏；赏识 ⑪________ n. 饥饿,饥荒 ⑫__________ 发迹；出人头地 ⑬________ adj. 内疚的,羞愧的 ⑭“主(What I want)系(is)表(to live ... others)”。What在主语从句中作want的________； to live simply and be helpful to others是两个________短语并列作表语。 appreciate hunger get on guilty 宾语 不定式 课前预习自检 “It was a kind of satisfaction and a real sense of success that I had never felt before，” said Jason. “这是一种我以前从未感受过的满足感和真正的成就感，”詹森说。 “Sure, many people think that ‘success’ means having millions in the bank or a well­paid job. “当然，很多人认为‘成功’意味着在银行里有数百万的存款或一份高薪的工作。 But I think my sense of achievement comes from helping others and finding true meaning in life.” 但我认为我的成就感源于帮助别人和找到生活真正的意义。” 课前预习自检 Most people believe when they are living comfortably and earning enough money, they will have no worries. 大多数人认为当他们生活舒适，赚了足够的钱，他们就没有焦虑。 However, most people never feel they have earned enough. 然而，大多数人从来没觉得他们挣得足够多。 Jason Harley decided to drop out of this kind of lifestyle, and he discovered that having only a little money made him free. 詹森·哈利决定放弃这种生活方式，他发现只拥有少量金钱使他自由。 课前预习自检 ⑮____________ adv. 舒服地,舒适地 ⑯__________ 退出,脱离；辍学 comfortably drop out 课前预习自检 Are there any things he misses from his past? 他对过去有什么怀念的吗？ “No, I'm much happier now, because I am living according to my values. “没有，我现在快乐多了，因为我正在按照我的价值观生活。 •Success is not measured by how much money you have but by how you understand the true meaning of life.” 成功不是以你有多少钱来衡量的，而是以你如何理解生活的真正意义来衡量的。” 课前预习自检 ⑰“主(Success)谓(is not measured)”。by how much ... have和by how you ... life是but连接的两个并列________。第一个状语中,you have是省略了关系词that/which的________从句,修饰money；第二个状语中,how引导宾语从句,作_____的宾语。 状语 定语 by 课前预习自检 重点合作探究 1 determined adj. 坚定的，坚决的(教材P28) 归纳 拓展 情景 助记 重点合作探究 ①The man told us about his decision, with a determined look on his face. 这个人告诉了我们他的决定，脸上带着坚定的表情。 ②Tom is determined to study harder to get scholarship. 汤姆决心更加努力学习以获得奖学金。 ③The young couple determined on a small island for their holiday. 这对年轻夫妇决定去一个小岛度假。 ④His advice determined me to drink and smoke no more. 他的劝告使我决定不再抽烟喝酒了。 ⑤He fought the illness with courage and determination. 他勇敢顽强地与疾病作斗争。 重点合作探究 (1)determine是非延续性动词，不能与表示一段时间的状语连用； be determined是一种状态，可以与表示时间段的状语连用。 (2)determine后可接that从句，从句中常使用虚拟语气，从句谓语动词为“should＋动词原形”，should 可以省略。 He has determined that his son (should) have a good education. 他决定要给儿子一个好的教育。 重点合作探究 (1)单句语法填空 ①The police officer made a ____________ (determine) to make the murder clear. ②The woman determined ________ (ignore) her husband's faults. ③___________ (determine) to finish all the homework, he stayed up till eleven o'clock to do his homework. (2)一句多译 玛丽决定说服父亲戒烟。 Mary ________________________ her father to quit smoking. ＝Mary ________________________________ her father to quit smoking. determination to ignore Determined is determined to persuade makes a determination to persuade 重点合作探究 2 committed adj. 坚定的；尽心尽力的(教材P28) 归纳 拓展 重点合作探究 ①Today, there are numerous social media committed to providing news updates. 现在，有许多社交媒体致力于提供新闻更新。 ②This is the government's commitment to public services. 这是政府对公共服务事业做出的承诺。 ③The contract commits him to playing for the team for the next three years. 合约规定他要为该队效力三年。 ④Women commit fewer crimes than men. 女性比男性犯罪率低。 重点合作探究 (1)单句语法填空 ①Our country made a ___________ (commit) to pay $50，000 to the Red Cross. ②Borrowers should think carefully before committing themselves to ________ (take) out a loan. ③The development area is __________ (commit) to creating a perfect investment environment. commitment taking committed 重点合作探究 (2)单句表达 ①政府决心致力于改善健康教育。 The government has ______________________________ health education. ②我在诺丁汉市参观的学校员工很有经验，他们全身心投入到给孩子们营造一个充满关爱和激励的学习环境。 The schools that I visit in Nottingham are full of experienced staff _____________ ____________________ the children a caring and inspiring learning environment. committed itself to improving 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　committed/ committing to giving 重点合作探究 3 appreciative adj. 感激的(教材P107) 归纳 拓展 情景 助记 重点合作探究 ①This activity helps us to be positive, happy and appreciative. 这个活动会让我们积极、开心和充满感激。 ②She won't be appreciative of his efforts. 她不会感激他所作的努力。 ③They deeply appreciated his kindness. 他们对他的好意深表感谢。 重点合作探究 ④We shall appreciate hearing from you again. 能再次收到你的来信，我们将十分感激。 ⑤I would appreciate it very much if you would help me with it. 如果你能帮助我做这件事，我将十分感激。 ⑥The boss showed his appreciation of Tom's work by raising his pay. 老板给汤姆加薪，以示对他工作的欣赏。 重点合作探究 appreciate 表示“感激”时，后面的宾语可以是名词、动名词或it作形式宾语，不跟人作宾语。如果表示“感激某人”则用thank sb。 重点合作探究 (1)单句语法填空 ①I know you're ____________ (appreciate) of my courage. ②He shows little ____________ (appreciate) of good music. ③We appreciate your ________ (offer) help to us very much in time of difficulty. (2)单句表达 如果你能将收音机音量调小些，我将不胜感激。 __________________________________ you could turn the radio down. appreciative appreciation offering I would appreciate it very much if 重点合作探究 4 make sense 有意义；解释得通(教材P107) 归纳 拓展 重点合作探究 ①Her argument makes perfect sense to me. 对我来说，她的论点非常有意义。 ②We've been trying to make sense of our dreams. 我们一直试图理解梦的含义。 ③What he said just now made no sense. 他刚才说的话没有道理。 重点合作探究 ④Helmets can give cyclists a false sense of security. 头盔会给骑行的人一种虚假的安全感。 ⑤In no sense should such a thing be allowed to happen in our school. 这样的事决不允许在我们学校里发生。 ⑥There is no sense in punishing him. It's not his fault. 惩罚他是没有意义的，这不是他的错。 重点合作探究 (1)单句语法填空 ①Can you make sense ________ what the writer is saying? ②There is no sense in ________ (buy) expensive clothes for children, as they soon grow out of them. ③In no sense ________ (do) he realize he had made such a serious mistake. of buying did 重点合作探究 (2)单句表达 ①我没有刻意用光、影和构图来创造美感。 I don't deliberately use light, shadow and photo composition _________________ _______． ②年轻人一直上网，脑子里充满了无用的信息，但他们却没有时间去弄明白它们。 Young people surf the Internet all the time and their brains become full of useless information but there is no time to ____________________ it. 　 to create a sense of beauty make sense of 重点合作探究 5 They spend half of their time dreaming up ways of getting rich and achieving the success they expect, and the rest of their time thinking about all the things they will do once they become rich. (教材P30) 他们花一半时间想象各种发财和达到他们期望的成功的办法，另一半时间则用来考虑一旦发了财他们会干什么。 剖析 sb spend time (in) doing sth “某人花费时间做某事”；once引导含有条件意义的时间状语从句。 归纳 拓展 重点合作探究 ①Once you have tasted the outdoor life in southern California it's hard to return to Montana in winter. 一旦你体验过南加州的户外生活，再要回到蒙大拿过冬就会感到很难。 ②The accident made me realize that in the first place we should be careful to avoid accidents, but once they occur, we should take responsibility. 这次事故使我意识到，首先我们应该小心避免事故的发生，但是一旦发生了，我们就应该承担责任。 ③I once went camping at Lake Michigan with a friend. 我曾和一个朋友去密歇根湖野营。 ④Once (reputation is) lost, reputation can never be won back. 名誉一旦失去就再难赢回。 重点合作探究 (1)单句语法填空 ①Once __________ (destroy), brain cells do not regenerate. ②Once he ________ (make) up his mind, no one can hold him back. destroyed makes 重点合作探究 (2)单句表达 ①一旦造成损失，这些农田要花费很多年才能恢复过来。 ________________________， it will take many years for the farmland to recover. ②一旦发现，任何错误都必须加以改正。 ________________， any mistake must be corrected. ③李华，曾经的一个好学生，现在却一直试图逃学。 Li Hua, ____________________， now is trying to escape school. ④他每周清洗一次自己的车。 He cleans his car ______________． Once the damage is done Once (it is) found once a good student once a week 重点合作探究 6 fortune n. 大笔的钱，巨款(教材P30) 归纳 拓展 情景 助记 重点合作探究 ①Red symbolizes luck and good fortune in Chinese culture. That is why red envelopes are used during Chinese New Year and other celebratory events. 红色在中国文化中象征着幸运和财富。这就是为什么在中国新年和其他庆祝活动中都会用到红包。 ②What can help you make a fortune in the future? 什么可以帮助你在未来发财？ ③He has the fortune to be able to work in London. 他很幸运能在伦敦工作。 重点合作探究 ④He was fortunate to escape from being injured in the accident. 他在事故中没有受伤真是幸运。 ⑤I was late, but fortunately the meeting hadn't started. 我迟到了，但幸运的是会议还没有开始。 ⑥Unfortunately, he was caught in the traffic jam and late for the meeting. 不幸的是，他遇上交通堵塞，开会迟到了。 重点合作探究 fortune作“机遇；运气；命运”讲时，为不可数名词；作“大笔的钱，巨款”讲时，为可数名词。 重点合作探究 (1)单句语法填空 ①She was ________ (fortune) enough to find a job as soon as she graduated from the university. ②____________ (fortunate), despite armed rangers watching over them, their numbers have dropped over the year. ③She is fortunate ________ having such supportive parents. fortunate Unfortunately in 重点合作探究 (2)单句表达 ①使他感到高兴的是，他有幸与一些世界顶级的运动员一起训练。 To his joy, he ______________________ to train with some of the world's top athletes. ②问题很难回答；幸运的是，我有备而来，所以我赢了。 The questions were difficult to answer; _________________， I had come prepared, so I won. ③现在在社会中，有很多年轻人梦想不通过努力工作就可以发大财。 Now there are many young people in our society dreaming of __________________ without hard work. has the fortune/is fortunate fortunately/luckily making a fortune 重点合作探究 7 There are certainly no signs that Jason is a rich and successful man! (教材P30) 这确实没有迹象表明詹森是一个富有而成功的人！ 剖析 本句为主从复合句。其中that Jason is a rich and successful man为that引导的同位语从句，用于解释说明signs的内容，引导词that不能省略。 归纳 拓展 重点合作探究 ①The question whether we need it has not yet been considered. 我们是否需要它这个问题还没有得到考虑。 ②As you wander through the streets, you see thousands of masks, but you have no idea what the faces behind them look like. 当在街上漫步时，你会看到成千上万的面具，但你不知道面具后面的脸长什么样子。 ③We don't understand the problem why this is the best choice. 我们不明白这个问题，为什么这是最佳选择。 重点合作探究 同位语从句要注意以下两点： (1)同位语从句在句中的位置。 ①一般情况下，同位语从句跟在某些名词(如news, idea, fact, promise, hope, message等)的后面，用于解释和说明该词所表达的具体内容。 ②有时同位语从句可以不紧跟在它所说明的名词后，而是被别的词语隔开，这在语法上称为分隔式同位语从句。 重点合作探究 (2)同位语从句的语气。 在suggestion, advice, request, requirement, order等意为“建议，要求，命令”的名词后，同位语从句中的谓语动词通常用“should＋动词原形”的虚拟语气结构，其中 should可以省略。 The thought came to her that maybe she had left the door open when she left home. 她想起她可能在离开家时没把门关上。 The suggestion came from the chairman that the new rule (should) be adopted. 主席提出建议，应采纳新规则。 重点合作探究 单句语法填空 ①We are not investigating the question ________ he is trustworthy. ②We haven't yet settled the question ________ we are going to spend our summer vacation. ③He made a suggestion that they _____________ (hold) an English speech contest. ④He has no idea ________ she will be back from Beijing. ⑤The story goes ________ she has won the race many times. whether where (should) hold when that 重点合作探究 8 He was tired of being regarded as living a successful life, as a person who had everything while many people had nothing. (教材P31) 他厌倦了过别人眼中成功的生活——在很多人一无所有的时候自己却能够拥有一切。 剖析 who引导定语从句，修饰先行词a person; while表示前后对比。 归纳 拓展 重点合作探究 ①I like folk music while my sister likes popular music. 我喜欢民间音乐而我姐姐喜欢流行音乐。 ②Someone called you while you were out. 你不在时有人给你打电话了。 ③While he loves his students, he is very strict with them. 虽然他爱他的学生，可是他对学生们很严格。 ④You don't have to worry while we are here. 只要我们在，你就不用担心。 ⑤I'll be back for a while. 我一会儿就回来。 重点合作探究 易混辨析：while/however/but/though/yet while 并列连词，表示转折、对比，意为“然而”，前后两句形成对比 however 副词，表示转折，用于句首、句末或句中，常用逗号与其前后的句子隔开 but 并列连词，表示转折，意为“但是” though 从属连词或副词， though作副词时，意为“可是，不过，然而”，常用于句末；作从属连词，置于主句后(＝and yet) yet 并列连词或副词，意为“但是”，有时连接两个形容词，意为“却” 重点合作探究 (1)写出下列句中while的含义 ①While we were eating, Kurt asked me, “John, what is your plan for personal growth？” __________ ②While she is a lovely girl, she can be extremely difficult to work with sometimes. ________ ③While there is life, there is hope. ________ ④She likes to lie down for a while after lunch. ________ ⑤Some people waste food while others haven't enough. ________ 当……时 尽管 只要 一会儿 然而 重点合作探究 (2)选词填空(yet/while/but/though/however) ①She is good at maths ________ her sister is good at English. ②I'd like to go with you. ________， my hands are full. ③He's an intelligent ________ not very hardworking boy. ④I've a bit of cold. It's nothing much serious ________． ⑤It's strange, and ________ it is true. while However but/yet though yet 重点合作探究 9 guilty adj. 内疚的，羞愧的(教材P31) 归纳 拓展 情景 助记 重点合作探究 ①I felt so guilty, but Jenny just laughed and told me she was glad to see that I'd also left my glare in the library! 我感到很内疚，但詹妮却笑了，并告诉我她很高兴看到我把自己怒视的目光也留在了图书馆！ ②The boys were guilty of theft. 这些男孩犯了盗窃罪。 ③Don't you feel guilty about what you've done? 你不为自己的行为感到羞愧吗？ 重点合作探究 (1)单句语法填空 ①I felt guilty ________ not having written to you sooner. ②The court determined that the man was guilty ________ drunken driving. about of 重点合作探究 (2)单句表达 ①他因没有常去看望父母而感到内疚。 He ________________ not visiting his parents more often. ②他犯了谋杀罪，将会被判死刑。 He ___________ murder and will be sentenced to death. ③他毫无羞耻之心，而且从不感到内疚。 He had no sense of shame and never ___________． felt guilty about is guilty of felt guilty 重点合作探究 10 drop out 退出，脱离；辍学(教材P31) 归纳 拓展 重点合作探究 ①She was injured in the first round and had to drop out. 她在第一轮比赛中受伤了，只好退赛了。 ②She dropped out of school to become a waitress. 她退学去当服务员了。 ③Our team dropped behind the others in the league matches then. 当时我们队在联赛上落后于其他队。 ④I went there and dropped in on one of my classmates. 我到那里顺便拜访我的一个同学。 ⑤Why don't you drop in at my home for coffee sometime? 你为什么不找个时间来我家喝杯咖啡呢？ 重点合作探究 课堂效果检测(一) Ⅰ.根据语境及汉语提示和首字母提示完成句子 1．They are not ________ (乐观的) about a settlement of the eleven－year conflict. 2．All of us, myself included, had been totally _________ (坚定的) to the Party. 3．The meeting discussed how to promote ___________ (合作) between the two countries. 4．What made you decide on a ________ (职业) as a vet? 5．He said it is still not possible to predict the ________ (最终的) outcome. optimistic committed cooperation career ultimate 课堂效果检测(一) 67 6．I hold to my b________ that people should be allowed to have private lives. 7．He's a very a________ lad and he wants to play at the highest level. 8．I had the good f________ to be selected. 9．He was very a___________ of his colleagues' support during his illness. 10．I feel so g________， leaving all this to you. elief mbitious ortune ppreciative uilty 课堂效果检测(一) 68 Ⅱ.单句语法填空 1．________ the news, so far, has been good, there may be days ahead when it is bad. 2．____ was a foreigner that we met at the school gate. 3．The fact that her son was guilty ____ murder crashed all her hope. 4．He was blamed for ____________ (commit) mistakes. 5．Wonderfully melodic and tuneful, his songs made me ________ (happily)． While It of committing happy 课堂效果检测(一) 69 6．_____________ (scold) made Allan pay great attention to correcting his mistakes. 7．As a newcomer, he has no idea ________ it takes to start a business here. 8．I like ________ in the autumn when the weather is clear and bright. 9．His answer was so confusing that I could hardly make any sense ____ it at all. 10．Darkness makes her more appreciative ________ sight and silence teaches her the joys of sound. Being scolded what it of of 课堂效果检测(一) 70 Ⅲ.选词填空 drop out; make sense; give away; die of; have the chance to; turn one's back on; go back; be tired of; get on; dream up 1．To me, this all just seems to ____________ and I think it's readable. 2．Politics is seen as a man's world. It is more difficult for women to ____________． 3．I had injured my leg and had to ____________ of the race. 4．One ought never to _________________ a threatened danger and try to run away from it. make sense get on drop out turn one's back on 课堂效果检测(一) 71 5．I'd like to ____________ all I have to get back my happy childhood. 6．I ____________ hearing all these people moaning. 7．People are ____________ cancer more and more often. 8．My holiday is at an end and I must ____________ to work tomorrow. 9．If you ____________ a plan or idea, you work it out or create it in your mind. 10．Fortunately, I _________________ have a lunch with my idol. give away am tired of dying of go back dream up have the chance to 课堂效果检测(一) 72 课时语法精讲—— 动词­ing形式 课时语法精讲 74 语法体验 单句语法填空 1．________ (learn) English is not an easy job. 2．It is no use ________ (cry) over spilt milk! 3．Lily is considering ________ (change) her job at present. 4．We had no difficulty (in) ________ (find) the post office. 5．The blackboard needs ________ (clean) now. Learning crying changing finding cleaning 课时语法精讲 75 6．It is difficult to imagine his ________ (accept) the decision without any consideration. 7．I am looking forward to ________ (see) all of you again in the near future! 8．The museum includes a ________ (read) room full of photography books you can look through. accepting seeing reading 课时语法精讲 76 语法讲座 一、动词­ing形式的作用 动词­ing形式具有名词的性质，因此在句中可以作主语、宾语、表语、定语等。 1．作主语 (1)动词­ing形式作主语往往表示经常性、习惯性的动作，谓语动词用单数。 Swimming is my favorite sport. 游泳是我最喜欢的一项运动。 Collecting stamps is his hobby. 集邮是他的爱好。 课时语法精讲 77 动词­ing形式和不定式都可以作主语，动词­ing形式作主语表示一般的或抽象的经常性的行为；不定式作主语往往表示具体的或一次性的动作；作宾语时的情况也是如此。 课时语法精讲 78 Playing with fire is dangerous. 玩火危险。(泛指) Be careful! To play with fire will be dangerous. 小心点！玩火会带来危险。(指一具体动作) (2)在 It is no use/no good/useless/worthwhile/dangerous/a waste of time/fun等后，需用动词­ing形式作真正的主语。 It's no use/useless waiting for him any longer. 再等他是没有用的。 课时语法精讲 79 It's a waste of time arguing about it. 争论此事是在浪费时间。 (3)当句型“There is no ...”表示“不允许、禁止某种行为的发生或存在”时，需用动词­ing形式作主语。 There is no joking about such matters. 这种事开不得玩笑。 课时语法精讲 80 2．作宾语 (1)作动词的宾语。可接动词­ing形式作宾语的常见动词可用下面的口诀记住： 避免错过少延期(avoid, miss, postpone) 建议完成多练习(advise, finish, practice) 喜欢想象不禁止(enjoy, imagine, forbid) 承认否定与嫉妒(admit, deny, envy) 逃避冒险莫原谅(escape, risk, excuse) 忍受保持不介意(stand, keep, mind) Would you mind opening the window? 你介意打开窗户吗？ 课时语法精讲 81 (2)英语中有一些动词短语也常跟动词­ing形式作宾语。常见的这类短语有can't help, insist on, object to, be good at, lead to, put off, give up, look forward to, feel like, devote to, get used to, pay attention to, be worth等。 He insisted on doing it in his own way. 他坚持要按照自己的方法做。 When we feel worried, the last thing we feel like doing is laughing. 当我们感到担心时，我们最不想做的事情就是笑。 课时语法精讲 82 (3)有些动词或动词短语后跟动词­ing形式或不定式都可以，但意思不同。 stop to do sth 停下来去做某事 stop doing sth 停止做某事 mean to do sth 打算做某事 mean doing sth 意味着做某事 try to do sth 努力/尽力做某事 try doing sth 试着做某事 be afraid to do sth 不敢做某事 课时语法精讲 83 be afraid of doing sth 害怕做某事 remember to do sth 记住要去做某事 remember doing sth 记得做了某事 forget to do sth 忘记要去做某事 forget doing sth 忘记做了某事 regret to do sth 遗憾要去做某事 regret doing sth 后悔做了某事 课时语法精讲 84 3．作表语 动词­ing形式作表语时，句子的主语常是表示无生命的事物的名词或what引导的名词性从句。表语动词­ing形式与主语通常是对等的关系，表示主语的内容，此时主语和表语可互换位置。 Your task is cleaning the windows. ＝Cleaning the windows is your task. 你的任务就是擦窗户。 What I hate most is being laughed at. ＝Being laughed at is what I hate most. 我最痛恨的就是被别人嘲笑。 课时语法精讲 85 4．作定语 动词­ing形式作定语往往表示被修饰词的某种用途。 a walking stick＝a stick for walking＝a stick which is used for walking a washing machine＝a machine for washing＝a machine which is used for washing a reading room＝a room for reading＝a room which is used for reading sleeping pills＝pills for sleeping＝pills which are used for sleeping 课时语法精讲 86 二、动词­ing形式的逻辑主语 带有逻辑主语的动词­ing形式称为动词­ing形式的复合结构。当动词­ing形式的逻辑主语与句子的主语不一致时，要在动词­ing形式之前加上物主代词或名词所有格，这便构成了动词­ing形式的复合结构。其中物主代词(名词所有格)是逻辑上的主语，动词­ing形式是逻辑上的谓语。动词­ing形式复合结构在句中可作主语、宾语、表语等，分别相当于一个主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句。 Her coming to help encouraged all of us. ＝That she came to help encouraged all of us. 她来帮忙鼓舞了我们。 Our only worry is his overestimating himself. ＝Our only worry is that he overestimates himself. 我们唯一担心的是他高估他自己。 课时语法精讲 87 三、动词­ing形式的时态和语态 其否定形式是在 doing前加上not。 1．动词­ing形式的一般时表示的动作通常是一般性动作，即不是明确地发生在过去、现在或将来的动作，或是与谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生的动作。 时态 主动语态 被动语态 一般时 doing being done 完成时 having done having been done 课时语法精讲 88 I hate talking with such people. 我讨厌和这样的人说话。 Being careless is not a good habit. 粗心不是一个好习惯。 2．动词­ing形式的完成时表示的动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之前。 I don't remember having met him before. 我不记得以前见过他。 课时语法精讲 89 3．动词­ing形式的逻辑主语同时也是动词­ing形式动作的承受者时，动词­ing形式用被动语态。 (1)它的一般时表示的动作与谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生，或在其前发生。 I appreciate being given this opportunity. 我很感谢给了我这个机会。 课时语法精讲 90 (2)它的完成时表示的动作发生在谓语动词之前。 I am very pleased at your having been honoured with a medal. 我很高兴你获得了一枚奖牌。 (3)有些时候，我们常用动词­ing形式的一般时表示完成时，尽管动作发生在谓动词动作之前。 Excuse me for my being late. 我来晚了，请你原谅。 课时语法精讲 91 单句语法填空 ①It's no use __________ (expect) to get a bargain these days. ②In some countries people favor ________ (stay) together even though there is much more space. ③After ________________ (interview) for the job, you will be required to take a language test. ④We can't imagine her ___________ (succeed) in the entrance examination, for she has never been to school. expecting staying being interviewed succeeding 课时语法精讲 92 ⑤I would like to choose a house with a ___________ (swim) pool. ⑥Only ________ about English doesn't mean ________ the language. (learn) ⑦She was afraid ________ (say) anything to them for fear of hurting their feelings. ⑧She returned home only to find the door open and something ________ (miss)． ⑨Tony, would you go and see if Sam has any difficulty ________ (fix) his tape recorder? ⑩As she is looking forward to ________ (hear) from me, please remember ________ (post) this letter on your way to school. swimming learning learning to say missing fixing hearing to post 课时语法精讲 93 课堂效果检测(二) Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1．It is no good ________ (try) to remember grammatical rules; you need to practise what you have learned. 2．________ (drive) to the office was very slow this morning because of the traffic. 3．Your shirt needs ________ (iron); you'd better have it done today. 4．He entered the room without ________ (make) any noise. 5．She had feelings of ________ (guilty) about leaving her children and going to work. trying Driving ironing making guilt 课堂效果检测(二) 95 6．I remember my __________ (take) to the park when I was young. 7．John regretted __________ (not go) to the meeting last week. 8．I had a hard time ________ (get) up this morning. 9．They insisted on ____________ (give) another chance to try. 10．You shouldn't have left your passport here; remember ________ (take) it with you all the time. being taken not going getting being given to take 课堂效果检测(二) 96 Ⅱ.单句表达 1．这钱是用来买晚饭吃的食物的。 The money is for ______________________ for dinner. 2．两年后，股票收益已下降了近50%。 Two years later, earnings from the stocks had ________________ by nearly 50%. 3．你写完作文了吗？ Have you ________________ your composition? 4．他进入了房间，没有被看见。 He entered the room __________________． 5．早晨散步对你的健康有好处。 _____________________ will do good to your health. buying some food dropped off finished writing without being seen Walking in the morning 课堂效果检测(二) 97 课后课时作业（一） Ⅰ　完形填空 Hong Kong veteran actor Ng Man­tat passed __1__ on Saturday at the age of 70, after __2__ liver cancer. The last Weibo he posted was “I am Chinese.” Dubbed a “golden supporting actor，” Ng impressed audiences __3__ many “nobody” characters and was __4__ as one of the most accomplished actors in Hong Kong. __5__ in 1951 in Xiamen, East China's Fujian Province, Ng __6__ to Hong Kong with his family when he was seven. In 1973, he applied for the artist training course and officially __7__ the film and television industry. 课后课时作业（一） 99 Ng and famous actor Stephen Chow's __8__ on screen has become a classic for many people, and his works have accompanied the growth of a whole generation, __9__ the post­80s. Fight Back to School, A Chinese Odyssey, Shaolin Soccer, Hail the Judge and so many other __10__ films are renowned Chinese films overseas and have made __11__ great contribution. 课后课时作业（一） 100 __12__ left people with the freshest memory was his performance in the Chinese science­fiction blockbuster, The Wandering Earth, in 2019. In previous interviews, he __13__ that shooting this film was one of the __14__ days he had ever been through, but The Wandering Earth was a(n) __15__ script and he wanted to make some contributions to China's sci­fi film industry. 篇章导读：本文是一篇新闻报道。香港演员吴孟达因肝癌去世，文章介绍了他的生平、演艺事业和成就等信息。 课后课时作业（一） 101 解析：此处意为“香港资深演员吴孟达于周六去世，享年70岁”。pass down 流传；pass off (顺利)进行；举行；pass out 昏迷；失去知觉；pass away 去世。故选D。 1.A.down B．off C．out D．away 课后课时作业（一） 102 解析：此处意为“在患了肝癌之后”。go through 经历；仔细检查；deal with 处理；解决；suffer from 遭受；患……病；put up with 容忍；忍受。故选C。 2．A.going through　 B．dealing with C．suffering from　 D．putting up with 课后课时作业（一） 103 解析：此处意为“吴孟达被称为‘最佳男配角’，他塑造的许多‘无名小卒’的角色给观众留下了深刻的印象”。impress sb with sth “用某事物给某人留下深刻印象”。故选B。 3．A.on　 B．with C．through　 D．for 课后课时作业（一） 104 解析：此处表示吴孟达被公认为香港最有成就的演员之一。appreciate 欣赏；acknowledge 承认(权威、地位)；accommodate 容纳；为……提供住宿；approach 接近。故选B。 4．A.appreciated B．acknowledged C．accommodated　 D．approached 课后课时作业（一） 105 解析：此处表示吴孟达于1951年出生在厦门。(be) born in “出生于……”。故选D。 5．A.Starting　 B．Bore C．Growing　 D．Born 解析：此处表示吴孟达7岁时随家人搬到香港。move 搬家；搬迁；shift 转移；变换；remove 移开；去除；alter (使)改变；更改。故选A。 6．A.moved　 B．shifted C．removed　 D．altered 课后课时作业（一） 106 解析：句意：1973年，他申请参加艺员培训班，正式踏入了影视行业。step up 提高；增加；走近； live on 以……为食；靠……生活；set foot in 踏进；进入；涉足于；settle into 安顿下来；习惯于(新居)；适应(新工作)。故选C。 7．A.stepped up　 B．lived on C．set foot in D．settled into 课后课时作业（一） 107 解析：此处表示吴孟达和著名演员周星驰在银幕上的合作对于很多人来说已经成为一代经典。cooperation “合作”。故选B。 8．A.relation B．cooperation C．combination D．connection 解析：此处表示他的作品陪伴了整整一代人的成长，尤其(especially)是80后。故选C。 9．A.exactly B．probably C．especially D．usually 课后课时作业（一） 108 解析：根据前文列举的电影《逃学威龙》《大话西游》《少林足球》《九品芝麻官》和常识可知，此处指喜剧(comedy)电影。故选B。 10．A.action B．comedy C．fantasy D．adventure 解析：make a contribution “做贡献”，为固定表达。故选A。 11．A.a B．some C．the D．an 课后课时作业（一） 109 解析：句意：最让人记忆犹新的是2019年他在中国科幻大片《流浪地球》中的表演。设空处引导主语从句，在从句中作主语，表示“……的事物”，应用what。故选B。 12．A.Which B．What C．That D．Who 课后课时作业（一） 110 解析：此处表示在之前的采访中，他承认拍摄这部电影是他经历过的最艰难的日子之一。declare 公布；宣布；admit 承认；conclude 断定；推断出；permit 允许；准许。故选B。 13．A.declared B．admitted C．concluded D．permitted 课后课时作业（一） 111 解析：根据后文but表示转折可知，此处应表达这部电影带给他的挑战之处，即拍摄这部电影是他经历过的最艰难的(toughest)日子之一。故选B。 14．A.happiest B．toughest C．greatest D．wildest 课后课时作业（一） 112 解析：此处意为“但是《流浪地球》是一个优秀的(excellent)剧本，他想为中国的科幻电影产业做出一些贡献”。故选A。 15．A.excellent B．difficult C．precious D．expensive 课后课时作业（一） 113 Ⅱ　阅读 A Born in Poland, Siwosz began playing tennis at seven and developed the skills that helped her earn a top 50 ranking among the ITF Junior division. Siwosz wanted to do more with her life than just play tennis, which led her to seek chances that would also allow her to obtain a top education. “There's no collegiate sports in Poland and no culture of sports and academic study there.” Siwosz said. 课后课时作业（一） 114 Her desire to have a quality education led her to America. While Siwosz was talented enough to begin her collegiate tennis career, she could only attend community college because she missed the deadline to apply for four­year schools, mainly due to misinformation provided in her home country. When she had earned all her credits, Siwosz made the decision to attend Baylor in Texas. Her friends from Poland put in a good word for the university, saying that it was a good fit because there were many international players at Baylor. “I thought it would be a good idea, but it really wasn't what I thought it would be，” Siwosz said. “The level of tennis was high, but the academic standards were no match and I just wanted more.” 课后课时作业（一） 115 After one year at Baylor, Siwosz made the decision to transfer to Berkeley, which was due in large part to her friend Lee, a former Berkeley student and keen tennis player. “I knew she was unhappy there，” he said. “I saw the opportunity for her to come here.” Siwosz visited Lee in Berkeley. “I ended up loving this place and this school，” Siwosz said. “I came here a lot over the summer. I gave it a shot and I ended up with a Berkeley education and a spot on one of the best college tennis teams in the country.” 篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了波兰女孩Siwosz(西沃兹)去美国追求自己接受高等网球教育这一梦想的故事。 课后课时作业（一） 116 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段最后三句“Siwosz wanted to do more with her life ... academic study there. Siwosz said.(Siwosz想利用其(有限的)生命做更多的事情，而不仅仅是打网球，这促使她寻找让她也能接受顶尖教育的机会。‘波兰没有大学体育，也没有体育文化和学术研究。’Siwosz说。)”和第二段第一句“Her desire to have a quality education led her to America.(她对良好教育的渴望促使她去了美国。)”可知，Siwosz去美国是为了接受顶尖的教育。故选D。 1.What did Siwosz go to America for? A．Learning sports culture. B．Developing tennis skills. C．Becoming the top player. D．Receiving a top education. 课后课时作业（一） 117 2．Why did Siwosz attend community college instead of a four­year school? A．Because she was inexperienced at application. B．Because she was unqualified for the education. C．Because she was misinformed of the application. D．Because she was misled by her friends from Poland. 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“While Siwosz was talented enough ... in her home country. (虽然Siwosz才华横溢，可以在大学开始自己的网球生涯，但她只能上社区大学，因为她错过了申请四年制大学的最后期限，主要是因为她的祖国提供的错误信息。)”可知，Siwosz的祖国提供的错误信息使她错过了申请四年制学校的最后期限，因此她上的是社区大学而不是四年制的学校。故选C。 课后课时作业（一） 118 解析：推理判断题。根据第三段最后两句“‘I thought it would be ... and I just wanted more.’(Siwosz说：‘我觉得这是个好主意，但它真的不是我想的那样。网球水平很高，但学术水平与之不匹配，我还想要更多。’)”可推知，Siwosz认为贝勒大学的教育是不太令人满意的。故选D。 3．What did Siwosz think of the education at Baylor? A．Confusing. B．Exciting. C．Unforgettable. D．Unpleasant. 课后课时作业（一） 119 解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段最后两句“I came here a lot ... in the country.(我夏天经常来这里。我尝试了一下，最终在伯克利接受了教育，并进入了美国最好的大学网球队之一。)”可推知，Siwosz已经被伯克利大学录取。故选A。 4．What can be inferred from the last paragraph? A．Siwosz has been admitted to Berkeley. B．Siwosz has studied at Berkeley for one year. C．Siwosz was recommended to Berkeley by Lee. D．Siwosz showed no interest in Berkeley at first. 课后课时作业（一） 120 B When I was six, I was so desperate to be out in nature. I'd be transported through David's documentaries (纪录片) to all these amazing places. I did a PhD studying ants and butterflies, before getting a call from the BBC asking about my work for a show called Life in the Undergrowth. I was so excited and immediately begged, “Please let me help！” 课后课时作业（一） 121 Sir David himself came to film with me, so I got to meet him early on, and he is the loveliest person. Something was wrong with the car. He dived straight under it to try to fix it. His enthusiasm and passion was so real. The first trip I did with him was to Israel as an assistant producer, then in Madagascar. My dream came true. Usually, we spend six weeks filming for about three minutes of TV. What usually happens is that we're going to film one thing but the animal ends up doing something else. We stay in whatever basic accommodation is the closest, because we can't waste time on the way. So it's rare that we stay in a hotel. Patience is the key, then learning and listening. 课后课时作业（一） 122 Of course you encounter animals that could hurt you. There was a moment on Planet Earth where a wolf approached me and we had to push it off with a camera. During filming for Seven Worlds we came across a beautiful but deadly snake, which casually came into our room. I took it up in a hat and put it back into the jungle. I still remember the chimps in Senegal jumped on a tree next to me and pushed it to the ground. He was like saying, “You can stay here, but if I wanted to crash you, I could.” 课后课时作业（一） 123 When we film certain animals, like lions for example, we must be vigilant. We know they will attack other creatures for their territories, but there's something fascinating in the small creatures. I've always cared about these beautiful lives and the planet. I desperately want to preserve the creatures in the natural world. 篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。作者从童年开始就梦想成为像纪录片大师David (大卫)一样的人。后来他实现了梦想，和David一起到野外拍摄动物。 课后课时作业（一） 124 解析：词义猜测题。根据画线词下一句“We know they will attack other creatures for their territories, but there's something fascinating in the small creatures.”可推知，作者在拍摄时，必须很小心，因为有些动物会袭击侵犯它们领地的人。由此可推知，画线词的意思为“小心的，谨慎的”。故选A。 5.What does the underlined word “vigilant” in the last paragraph mean? A．Cautious. B．Strict. C．Energetic. D．Powerful. 课后课时作业（一） 125 解析：推理判断题。根据第二段第一句可推知，作者一直梦想见到David；结合第一段最后两句可推知，作者同意到BBC工作，是因为他可以和David一起工作。故选A。 6．Why did the author agree to work for BBC? A．He could work with David. B．He would travel abroad. C．He could study more animals. D．He would become famous. 课后课时作业（一） 126 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句“Patience is the key, then learning and listening.”可知，耐心是关键，然后是学习和倾听。即作者的工作中最重要的是耐心。故选C。 7．Which of the following is the most important for the author's job according to the text? A．Enthusiasm. B．Listening. C．Patience. D．Observation. 课后课时作业（一） 127 解析：段落大意题。第四段说到用相机推开靠近作者的狼，蛇有时候进入作者的房间，黑猩猩跳到作者旁边的树上。由此可知，第四段主要谈论在大自然中拍摄有潜在的危险。故选B。 8．What does Paragraph 4 mainly talk about? A．Clever avoidance keeps animals away. B．Filming in nature has potential danger. C．The author prefers strange experiences. D．Violent behaviors are common in the wild. 课后课时作业（一） 128 Ⅲ　七选五 Important Things to Know When Dining Out Cultural dining etiquette (礼节) might surprise you with some of its important rules. __1__. Knowing some tips will help ensure that you have an enjoyable meal with friends or family—no matter where you are in the world. Chopstick Rules The way you handle chopsticks is important to avoid annoying your companions. When you put them down between bites, always put them down together so they are parallel with the edge of the table in front of you. __2__． 课后课时作业（一） 129 Hands or Utensils (餐具) In India and the Middle East, it's considered very rude to eat with your left hand. People in France expect you to eat with a utensil in each hand. __3__， instead preferring to use their hands. In Chile, you may never touch any food with your fingers. People in Thailand generally use their forks only to push food onto their spoons. Making Requests __4__. In Portugal, this would be a serious mistake, because it shows the chef that you don't like their seasoning skills. Similarly, in Italy, never ask for extra cheese to add to your food. 课后课时作业（一） 130 Some of these cultural dining etiquette rules may seem random and strange, but they are important in various countries. __5__， the more comfortable you'll begin to feel with its foreign cultural practices. A．The more friends you make in your lifetime B．The more time you spend in any given country C．Mexicans consider it inappropriate to eat with utensils 课后课时作业（一） 131 D．Don't get caught making an embarrassing mistake at a restaurant E．It's a good sign for the chef if you make a mess around your plate F．Never stick them upright in your food or cross them as you use them G．It may seem like a simple request to ask for salt and pepper at a meal 篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了不同地区的用餐礼仪及注意事项。 课后课时作业（一） 132 1．答案：D 解析：设空前提到不同的餐桌礼仪可能会使你吃惊，设空后提到了解一些其中的注意事项将会让你享受愉快的一餐，D项(不要被别人发现你在餐厅闹了笑话)承上启下。故选D。 2．答案：F 解析：本段主要讲述的是使用筷子的规则。F项(不要把它们笔直地插在你的食物中，也不要在使用它们时交叉放置)中的them指代上文的chopsticks。故选F。 课后课时作业（一） 133 3．答案：C 解析：上文讲述了法国人认为吃饭时每只手里都应该拿着餐具。下文表示转折，可知，此处说明与上文看法相反。C项(墨西哥人认为用餐具吃饭是不合适的)符合语境。故选C。 4．答案：G 解析：根据本段小标题Making Requests可知，本段主要讲述的是用餐时提请求的问题。下文提到在葡萄牙，这将是一个严重的错误，因为这向厨师表明你不喜欢他们的调味技巧。同样，在意大利，千万别要求在食物中添加额外的奶酪。G项(吃饭时再要一些盐和胡椒看似很简单)与下文暗含转折关系。故选G。 课后课时作业（一） 134 5．答案：B 解析：根据下文“the more comfortable you'll begin to feel with its foreign cultural practices(你就会对它的外国文化习俗感到越舒服)”可知，此处是“the＋比较级，the＋比较级”固定结构，与B项中的“The more”对应。B项(你在某个国家待的时间越长)符合语境。故选B。 课后课时作业（一） 135 课后课时作业（二） Ⅰ　阅读 A Nice news! Job offered! Driver 40 hours per week, term time and 15 days. We are looking for a bus driver to provide a driving support service for the teachers living outside the school. Applications are to be received no later than 10th August. 课后课时作业（二） 137 Receptionist Administration Full time A receptionist is required from 1st August at Dartford Science & Technology College. The position is only from 8：30 am to 4：30 pm Monday to Thursday and 8：30 am to 4：00 pm Friday, with an hour's break for lunch every day. The successful applicant must have a good telephone manner, good interpersonal skills and IT skills. 课后课时作业（二） 138 Health & Social Care Teacher Our client, an 11­18 mixed comprehensive school in Ealing, West London, is currently seeking a teacher for Health & Social Care. The position will be a full­time post until July. We require an energetic teacher to develop the learning potential of students. We are seeking someone with excellent subject knowledge who can combine academic strictness and achievement with enjoyment of teaching Health & Social Care. If you are keen to work, click the button below. 篇章导读：本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了三则招聘广告和相应的招聘要求及工作时间等有关信息。 课后课时作业（二） 139 解析：细节理解题。根据第二则广告中的“The position is only from 8：30 am to 4：30 pm Monday to Thursday and 8：30 am to 4：00 pm Friday, with an hour's break for lunch every day.”可知，前台接待从星期一到星期四，每天工作7小时，共28小时，星期五工作6.5小时，那么一个星期共工作34.5小时。故选B。 1．The receptionist to be employed will work ________． A．20 hours a week B．34.5 hours a week C．37 hours a week D．39.5 hours a week 课后课时作业（二） 140 解析：细节理解题。根据第三则广告中的“We are seeking someone ... teaching Health & Social Care.”可知，这所学校招聘的是在医疗卫生和社会保障方面有优秀学科知识的教师。故选D。 2．________ is needed in a school in Ealing, West London. A．A full­time science teacher B．A teacher with the ability to get along with people C．A driver who can provide a driving support service D．A teacher with excellent knowledge about Health & Social Care 课后课时作业（二） 141 解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段“If you are keen to work, click the button below.”可推知，这篇文章是出现在网页上，这样才符合“点击”这个词。故选C。 3．The text is likely to appear ________． A．in a magazine B．in a novel C．on the Internet D．in a newspaper 课后课时作业（二） 142 B Michael Saul Dell was born in 1965 in Houston, Texas. While he displayed intelligence and imagination from an early age, he had little interest in school. When he was twelve years old, he operated a mail­order trading business for stamps and baseball cards, earning $2，000. At the age of fourteen, Dell got his first computer, an Apple Ⅱ and soon realized that he had a knack for taking computers apart and putting them back together. While in high school, Dell took a job delivering newspapers for the Houston Post. His aggressive selling strategies resulted in earnings of $18，000. 课后课时作业（二） 143 In 1983, when Dell entered his freshman year at the University of Texas at Austin, his parents hoped he would become a doctor, but Dell's skills lay elsewhere. In examining the personal computer, or PC industry, he noticed an opportunity to sell PCs for less, as Dell realized that he could assemble computer parts, skip the step of selling to a dealer, and go directly to the consumer. That way the consumer could buy the product for less, and Dell held on to every penny of the profits. Dell thus combined his knowledge of computers with his well­developed business sense and began his own business, assembling upgrade kits for personal computers. 课后课时作业（二） 144 In 1999, Dell recalled operating his new business out of his University of Texas dorm on the twenty­seventh floor: “People would ride up to the 27th floor with their computers. I'd put in some memory or a disk drive, they'd pay me, and I'd send them on their way.” His earnings soon reached about $25，000 a month. After one year at the university, Dell had decided to drop out of college. His company began building PCs, starting with parts from such established computer companies as IBM and Compaq and adding elements to make the products unique. Dell continued to sell directly to consumers, a strategy that paid off in vast sums: by the end of 1984, his company had earned $6 million. Dell was off and running, leading his company to big growth year after year. 篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了戴尔品牌创始人Michael Saul Dell (迈克尔·索尔·戴尔)的成功之路。 课后课时作业（二） 145 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“While he displayed intelligence and imagination from an early age”可知，他从小就机智并富有想象力。故选D。 4．When Dell was very young, ________． A．he was very interested in school B．he had to make a living himself C．he began to sell computers D．he showed great intelligence and imagination 课后课时作业（二） 146 解析：词义猜测题。此处表示他此时得到了一台电脑，不久他就意识到他掌握了拆装电脑的技能。故选C。 5．What does the underlined word mean in Paragraph 1? A．Tool. B．Container. C．Skill. D．Worker. 课后课时作业（二） 147 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“as Dell realized that he could assemble computer parts, skip the step of selling to a dealer, and go directly to the consumer”可知，Dell意识到他可以组装电脑后将电脑直接卖给消费者，这样可以使消费者买到价格低廉的电脑。故选B。 6．According to Dell, how could he sell PCs for less? A．He assembled computer parts and sold them to a dealer. B．He assembled computer parts and went directly to the consumer. C．He bought computer parts from other computer companies. D．He gave up holding on to every penny of the profits. 课后课时作业（二） 148 解析：标题判断题。通读全文可知，Dell从小就很有经济头脑，挣了不少钱，之后一步一步走向成功。故选A。 7．What is the best title of the passage? A．A businessman from the beginning B．Michael Saul Dell's childhood C．Michael Saul Dell's college life D．Dell, IBM and Compaq 课后课时作业（二） 149 Ⅱ　语法填空 The price of fashion—economically and environmentally—has led to the rise of__1__ new way of dressing, and it's beginning to take off in Australia, too. As people now choose to wear more clothes fewer __2__ (time), clothing rental services have become increasingly popular. “I think it's an amazing idea，” says Tanya Perilli, who owns a clothing rental shop. “Customers today look past the fact that something is secondhand and focus instead __3__ the fact that they have something unique to wear__4__ are not overstuffing their own wardrobes (衣柜) or contributing to landfill.” 课后课时作业（二） 150 Tanya's shop offers fashion clothes for women __5__ (rent) rather than purchase them outright, providing a less expensive __6__ (solve) to one­time event dressing. The concept __7__ (be) certainly not new—men have been renting good suits for decades—but for female shoppers, it is just taking off. This clothing­as­service model follows the broader societal movement towards shared economies. 课后课时作业（二） 151 Tanya is also looking beyond special­occasion dresses to less formal clothing, __8__ she plans to package as capsule wardrobes and offer to travellers, such as those headed to weddings abroad, with a longer­term rental period. “I really want to make this work for __9__ (people) lives today, and I know that doesn't always mean __10__ (return) a dress on the Monday after a special weekend，” she says. 1．________　2.________　3.________　4.________　5．________ 6.________　7.________　8.________　9．________　10.________ 篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了澳大利亚兴起的服装租赁服务。 课后课时作业（二） 152 1．答案：a 解析：考查冠词。此处泛指一种新兴的穿衣方式，应用不定冠词，且new是发音以辅音音素开头的单词。故填a。 2．答案：times 解析：考查名词。此处time意为“次数”，为可数名词，根据设空前fewer可知，应用复数。故填times。 3．答案：on/upon 解析：考查介词。focus on/upon意为“专注于”。故填on/upon。 课后课时作业（二） 153 4．答案：and 解析：考查连词。设空处连接前后并列的内容，表示既有独特的衣服可以穿，又不至于让自己的衣柜堆满衣物。故填and。 5．答案：to rent 解析：考查非谓语动词。句子已有谓语动词offers，设空处应用不定式作目的状语。故填to rent。 6．答案：solution 解析：考查词性转换。根据设空前a less expensive可知，设空处应用名词作providing的宾语。故填solution。 课后课时作业（二） 154 7．答案：is 解析：考查动词的时态和主谓一致。设空处为句子的谓语，主语The concept是单数，谓语动词也应用单数。结合全文时态可知，此处应用一般现在时。故填is。 8．答案：which 解析：考查定语从句的引导词。设空处引导非限制性定语从句，解释说明先行词less formal clothing，指物，在从句中作宾语。故填which。 课后课时作业（二） 155 9．答案：people's 解析：考查名词。此处指人们的生活，应用名词所有格形式。故填people's。 10．答案：returning 解析：考查非谓语动词。此处指这并不总是意味着要在某个特别的周末过后的周一就归还衣服。mean doing sth意为“意味着做某事”，此处应用动名词作宾语。故填returning。 课后课时作业（二） 156 Ⅲ　读后续写 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 After 21 years of marriage, I discovered a new way of keeping alive the spark of love. I started to go out with another woman. It was really my wife's idea. “I know that you love her，” she said one day, taking me by surprise. “But I love YOU，” I protested. “I know, but you also love her.” 课后课时作业（二） 157 The other woman that my wife wanted me to visit was my mother, who has been a widow for 19 years, but the demands of my work and my three children had made it possible to visit her only occasionally. That night I called to invite her to go out for dinner and a movie. “What's wrong? Are you well？” She asked. My mother is the type of woman who suspects that a late night call or a surprise invitation is a sign of bad news. “I thought that it would be pleasant to pass some time with you，” I responded. “Just the two of us.” She thought about it for a moment, then said, “I would like that very much.” 课后课时作业（二） 158 That Friday after work, as I drove over to pick her up, I was a bit nervous. When I arrived at her house, I noticed that she, too, seemed to be nervous about our date. She waited in the door with her coat on. She was wearing the dress that she had worn to celebrate her last wedding anniversary. She smiled from a face that was as beautiful as an angel's. “I told my friends that I was going to go out with my son, and they were impressed，” she said, as she got into the car. “They can't wait to hear about our meeting.” 课后课时作业（二） 159 We went to a restaurant that, although not elegant, was very nice and cozy. My mother took my arm as if she were the First Lady. After we sat down, I had to read the menu. Her eyes could only read large print. Half way through the entries, I lifted my eyes and saw Mom sitting there staring at me with a smile on her lips. 注意： 1．续写词数应为150个左右； 2．请按如下格式在相应位置作答。 课后课时作业（二） 160 During the dinner we had an agreeable conversation.﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍ 课后课时作业（二） 161 “How was your dinner date？” Asked my wife when I got home. ﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍ 课后课时作业（二） 162 写前导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在妻子的建议下，邀请独居19年的母亲出去吃饭和看电影。二人到了约会那天，说了什么？作者从这次特别的约会中得到了什么样的感悟？ 课后课时作业（二） 163 [精彩范文] During the dinner we had an agreeable conversation. We chatted nothing extraordinary but just caught up on recent events of each other's life. Memories of the old days we spent together came crowding in. We talked so much and attentively that we missed the movie. As we arrived at her house later, she said, “I'll go out with you again, but only if you let me invite you.” I agreed with delight. After a brief silence, I turned around and hugged her, saying “Mum, I love you！” 课后课时作业（二） 164 “How was your dinner date？” Asked my wife when I got home. “Very nice. Much more wonderful than I could have imagined，” I answered. At that moment I understood the importance of saying “I LOVE YOU”. I thanked my wife for what she had done. And that dinner date was another valuable time for me to remember. You could not imagine how happy I was to have the chance to say these words and return the favor to my beloved one before it was too late. Nothing in life is more important than your family. 课后课时作业（二） 165 R $$