Unit 5 Section Ⅲ Developing ideas（Word教参）-【优化指导】2024-2025学年新教材高中英语必修第三册（外研版2019）

Section Ⅲ　Developing ideas [对应学生用书P108] Ⅰ.重点词汇 1．charge n．主管，负责 2．chapter n．章节 3．depth n．深度，深 4．broad adj.宽的，阔的 5．captain n．船长 6．ahead adv.在前面 7．gradually adv.逐渐地，逐步地 8．carpet n．地毯 9．shore n．岸，滨 10．wrinkled adj.有皱褶的 11．ray n．光线，光束 12．nut n．坚果(仁) 13．male n．雄性动物 14．beneath prep.在……之下，在……正下方 15．guideline n．指导方针，指导原则 Ⅱ.拓展词汇 1．aware adj.知道的；意识到的→unaware adj.未觉察到的，未意识到的→awareness n．意识 2．injure v．伤害→injury n．伤，损害→injured adj.受伤的 3．permit v．允许，准许，许可n.许可证→permission n．准许；许可证 4．fascinate v．深深吸引，迷住→fascinated adj.被迷住的，被吸引住的→fascinating adj.极有吸引力的→fascination n．魅力 5．relate v．相联系，有关联；讲述→ related adj.相关的→relation n．关系 6．astonish v．使惊讶，使吃惊→astonished adj.惊讶的→astonishing adj.令人惊讶的→astonishment n．吃惊 7．surround v．环绕，围绕→surrounding adj.周围的，周边的→surroundings n．周围的事物；环境 8．intensity n．(光、声等的)强度→intense adj.强烈的，剧烈的 9．distinguish v．看清；认出→distinguished adj.卓越的，杰出的 10．consume v．消耗→consumer n．消费者→consumption n．消耗，耗费 Ⅲ.短语互译 1．建造；张贴；留宿put up 2．和……一起along with 3．主管in charge 4．在……前面ahead of 5．回顾look back upon 6．(比例上)占……；解释account for 7．在大白天in broad daylight 8．set sail启航 9．be regarded as被认为是 10．make a difference有影响，有关系 Ⅳ.重点句式 1．句型：状语从句的省略 教材原句：While attacking from the ship，Aronnax and Conseil，along with the whale hunter Ned Land，fall into the sea，and discover that the “creature” is actually a submarine. 翻译：当阿龙纳斯和康塞尔以及捕鲸人内德·兰德从船上进攻的时候，他们掉到了海里，发现这种“生物”实际上是一艘潜水艇。 2．句型：动词不定式作目的状语 教材原句：In order to keep this secret，Captain Nemo tells his three newest passengers that they are not permitted to leave the submarine. 翻译：为了保守这个秘密，尼摩船长命令他的三名新乘客不准离开潜水艇。 3．句型：独立主格结构 教材原句：Captain Nemo walked in front，one of his men following some steps behind. 翻译：尼摩船长走在前面，他的一个手下跟在后面几步远的距离。 [对应学生用书P109] Ⅰ.原文释译 TWENTY THOUSAND LEAGUES UNDER THE SEA In 1866，a terrible sea creature is seen by several ships.Biologist Professor Pierre Aronnax and his servant①，Conseil，join a ship to find and kill the creature.After a long journey into the Pacific Ocean，the creature is finally seen.❶While attacking from the ship，Aronnax and Conseil，along with② the whale hunter Ned Land，fall into③ the sea，and discover that the “creature” is actually a submarine④.They are captured⑤ and taken inside the submarine，❷where they meet the man in charge⑥，Captain⑦ Nemo．Ahead⑧ of its time，the submarine is also a secret from the rest of the world.In order to keep⑨ this secret，Captain Nemo tells his three newest passengers that they are not permitted⑩ to leave the submarine. ❸While Ned Land can think only of escaping，Aronnax and Conseil are fascinated⑪ by their adventures in the new underwater world.In this part ❹adapted⑫ from a chapter⑬ of the book，Aronnax describes the experience of walking on the sea bed ... ❶状语从句的省略，补充完整为While they are attacking from the ship。while意为“当……的时候”。 ❷where引导非限制性定语从句。Captain Nemo是the man in charge的同位语。 ❸While在此处作并列连词，将两件事进行对比，意为“而，然而”。 ❹过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰this part。 And now，how can I look back upon⑭ the impression left upon⑮ me by that walk under the waters？Words are not enough to relate⑯ such wonders！Captain Nemo walked in front⑰，❺one of his men following some steps behind．Conseil and I remained near each other，❻as if an exchange of words⑱ had been possible through our metal cases．I no longer⑲ felt the weight of my clothes，or of my shoes，of my air supply，or my thick helmet⑳，❼inside which my head shook like a nut in its shell． ❺独立主格结构，此处为“名词＋现在分词”结构。名词与非谓语动词之间是主动关系时，非谓语动词用现在分词形式。 ❻as if引导方式状语从句，从句使用了与过去事实相反的虚拟语气had been。 ❼inside which引导非限制性定语从句，which指代my thick helmet。 The light，❽which lit the soil thirty feet below the surface of the ocean，astonished me by its power.The solar rays shone through the watery mass easily，and consumed all colour，and I clearly distinguished objects at a distance of a hundred and fifty yards.Beyond that the colours darkenedinto fine shades of deep blue，and gradually disappeared.Truly this water which surroundedme was but another air heavier than the Earth's atmosphere，❾but almost as clear．Above me was the calm surface of the sea.We were walking on fine，even sand，not wrinkled，as on a flat shore，which keeps the impression of the waves．This dazzlingcarpet，really a reflector，drove away the rays of the sun with wonderful intensity，which accounted for the vibration which passed throughevery atomof liquid．Shall I be believed when I say that，at the depthof thirty feet，I could see as if I was in broad daylight? (Adaptation from Twenty Thousand Leagues Under the Sea by Jules Verne) ❽which引导非限制性定语从句，修饰The light。 ❾but almost as clear是省略句，补充完整为but almost as clear as the Earth's atmosphere。 完全倒装句，结构为“介词短语＋谓语＋主语”。 which引导非限制性定语从句，修饰a flat shore。 第一个which引导非限制性定语从句，which指代整个主句的内容。第二个which引导限制性定语从句，修饰the vibration。 ◆难词注解 ①servant n．仆人，佣人 ②along with 与……一起 ※“A along with B”结构作主语时，谓语动词的数与A一致。 ③fall into 掉入，落入 ④submarine n．潜(水)艇 ⑤capture vt.捕获；俘获 ⑥charge n．主管，负责 ※in charge 负责，主管 ⑦captain n．船长 ⑧ahead adv.在前面 ※ahead of 在……之前 ⑨in order to do sth.为了做某事 permit v．允许，准许，许可 ※permit sb.to do sth.允许某人做某事 ⑪fascinated adj.被迷住的，被吸引住的 ※be fascinated by 被……吸引 ⑫adapt vt.改编 ※be adapted from 改编自…… be adapted for 改编成…… ⑬chapter n．章节 ⑭look back upon/on 回忆，回顾 ⑮leave an impression upon/on sb.给某人留下一个深刻的印象/好印象 ⑯relate v．相联系，有关联；讲述 ⑰in front 在前面 ⑱an exchange of words 交谈 ⑲no longer 不再…… ⑳helmet n．头盔，钢盔 nut n．坚果(仁) astonish v．使吃惊，使惊讶 ray n．光线，光束 consume v．消耗 distinguish v．看清；认出 at a distance of ... 在……远的地方 darken v．(使)变暗 gradually adv.逐渐地，逐步地 surround v．环绕，围绕 fine adj.(颗粒)细微的 even adj.平的，平坦的 wrinkled adj.有皱褶的 shore n．岸，滨 dazzling adj.耀眼的，光彩夺目的 carpet n．地毯 drive away 驱赶，驱走 intensity n．(光、声等的)强度 account for 解释……；(比例上)占…… vibration n．震颤，震动 pass through 经过，穿过 atom n．原子 depth n．深，深度 ※at the depth of 在……的深度 broad adj.宽的，阔的 ※in broad daylight 在大白天 备课札记 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 Ⅱ.文本理解 ►文章架构 ►细节探究 1．Why does Aronnax set off with his colleagues？(　　) A．To explore the ocean. B．To hunt a monster in the sea. C．To walk under the waters. D．To discover new species. 2．What does Aronnax describe his experience as？(　　) A．Around the world in 80 days. B．Walking on the sea bed. C．Journey to the centre of the Earth. D．Wonderful experience of hunting monsters. 3．What can we learn from the passage？(　　) A．Captain Nemo helped kill a monster. B．People didn't distinguish objects at a distance in the sea. C.Everything seems to lose their weight in the sea. D．The dazzling carpet drove away the living things out. 4．What does this passage mainly tell us？(　　) A．What happened during the sailing. B．The story of Captain Nemo and his men. C．What Aronnax witnessed under waters. D．The experience of passing through the bottom of the sea. 答案：1～4　BBCC ►课文语法填空 It is difficult for me 1.to look(look) back upon the impression which walking under the sea left 2.on/upon me. Captain Nemo walked in front，with a sailor 3.following(follow) him. Conseil and I remained together，as if it 4.had been(be) possible to exchange words through our metal cases. It was amazing that I no longer felt the 5.weight(weigh). I was astonished by the 6.powerful(power) light because it not only shone through the watery mass 7.easily(easy) but also made objects at a distance 8.distinguished(distinguish). Truly this clear water surrounding me was but another air heavier 9.than the Earth's atmosphere. I nearly can't believe I was 10.at the depth of thirty feet under the sea. [对应学生用书P112] 1 charge n．主管，负责 v．(向……)收费；开价；指控；充电 They are captured and taken inside the submarine，where they meet the man in charge，Captain Nemo. 他们被俘获并被带进了潜水艇。在那里，他们遇到了尼摩船长。 [要点突破] ①in one's charge＝in the charge of sb.由某人掌管 in charge of负责，主管 take charge of掌管 free of charge免费 ②charge ...for ...为……向……要价 charge sb. with ... 指控某人…… [写作佳句] I'm happy to know you will be in charge of the teenage art exhibition next month. 我很高兴得知你将负责下个月的青少年艺术展。 [学以致用] 赏句猜义/完成句子 ①The discount sounds quite attractive to me，as it charges each member $400 only.收费 ②Alex had forgotten to charge the battery.充电 ③A few years ago Ben took charge of the company.掌管 ④The court charged him with theft.指控 ⑤我们的英文报需要一位新编辑，负责有关中国传统文化的文章。 Our English newspaper will need a new editor in charge of articles on traditional Chinese culture. 2 ahead adv.在前面 Ahead of its time，the submarine is also a secret from the rest of the world. 因为领先于它所处的时代，潜水艇对世界其他地方来说还是一个秘密。 [要点突破] be ahead of 在……之前；在……前方；提前 go ahead 继续向前；开始；进行；往下说 ahead of time 提前 ahead of schedule (比原计划或规定时间)提前 look ahead 向前看；计划未来 get ahead of 超过；胜过 [写作佳句] It may be necessary for you to book your visit to Venice ahead of time. 你可能需要提前预订去威尼斯的行程。 [学以致用] 完成句子 ①该活动将按计划于明年夏天在芝加哥举行。 The event will go ahead as planned in Chicago next summer. ②我们见面吃顿午饭吧。我会提前给你打电话，确定具体的时间和地点。 Let's meet for lunch.I'll call you ahead of time to fix up exactly when and where. ③要走在别人的前面，去做别人没有做过的事情。 Go ahead of others and do what has never been done before. 3 permit v．允许，准许，许可 n．许可证 In order to keep this secret，Captain Nemo tells his three newest passengers that they are not permitted to leave the submarine. 为了保守这个秘密，尼摩船长命令他的三名新乘客不准离开潜水艇。 [要点突破] ①允许某人做某事 permit doing sth.允许做某事 ②permission n．允许[U]；许可证[C] with/without one's permission得到某人的许可/未获得某人的许可 ask for permission请求许可 [写作佳句] I permit myself to use the cellphone only for one hour at weekends. 我只允许自己在周末用一个小时的手机。 [学以致用] 单句填空/一句多译 ①Weather permitting(permit)，we will go camping this Sunday. ②By the way，photos are not permitted to take(take) during the visit. ③Ask your roommates' permission(permit) before you use their possessions. ④如果时间允许的话，我希望有更多的空闲时间和朋友们在一起，以便我们能有更好的关系。 →If time permits，I expect to have more spare time to spend with my friends so that we can have a better relationship.(条件状语从句) →Time permitting，I expect to have more spare time to spend with my friends so that we can have a better relationship.(独立主格结构) 4 relate v．相联系，有关联；讲述 Words are not enough to relate such wonders! 那种奇遇是无法用语言描述的！ [要点突破] ①relate ... to ... 把……和……联系起来 relate sth. to sb.和某人叙述/讲述某事 relate to涉及；和……有联系；谈到；理解 ②related adj.有关联的；相关的 be related to和……有关/有联系 ③relation n．关系；联系；亲戚 in relation to关于；涉及 [学以致用] 完成句子 ①孩子们喜欢向来客讲述他们幻想中的冒险故事。 The children enjoyed relating their imaginary adventures to the visitors. ②丹尼的善良和与孩子们相处的能力是显而易见的。 Denny's kindness and ability to relate to kids were evident. ③据说这部英文短片主要与我们学校的发展有关。 It is said that the short English film is mainly related to/in relation to the development of our school. 5 astonish v．使吃惊，使惊讶 The light，which lit the soil thirty feet below the surface of the ocean，astonished me by its power. 阳光照亮了海面以下三十英尺的地方，这股力量使我吃惊。 [要点突破] ①astonish sb.with/by sth.某事/物使某人惊讶 ②astonished adj.惊讶的 be astonished at/by sth.对某事感到惊讶 be astonished to do sth.惊讶地做某事 ③astonishing adj.令人吃惊的 ④astonishment n．惊讶 to one's astonishment使某人惊讶的是 in astonishment吃惊地 [写作佳句] She was astonished to see her mother's red eyes，and pale face due to heavy work till late at night. 看到母亲红红的眼睛和因工作到深夜而苍白的脸，她很惊讶。 [学以致用] 单句填空/完成句子 ①When I saw the alien walking towards me，I was too astonished(astonish) to move. ②To my astonishment(astonish)，they took out all their money and gave it to me. ③China is developing at an astonishing(astonish) speed. ④十分钟后，她惊讶地又在屋外看到了他。 Ten minutes later，she was astonished to see him outside the house again. 6 distinguish v．看清；认出 The solar rays shone through the watery mass easily，and consumed all colour，and I clearly distinguished objects at a distance of a hundred and fifty yards. 阳光轻易地穿透水层，把水中的颜色驱散，我能清晰地辨认出150码以内的物体。 [要点突破] ①distinguish A from B　把A与B区分开来；使A有别于B distinguish between A and B　辨别A和B distinguish oneself (in/by/as ...)(在……方面/以……/作为……)使自己出众，使自己闻名 ②distinguished adj.卓越的，著名的，杰出的 be distinguished for ...＝be famous/(well) known for ...因……而出名 ③distinguishable adj.隐约可辨的；可区分的 [写作佳句] The solar terms are divided into 24 to better distinguish the weather characteristics of each solar term，from Start of Spring to Major Cold. 从立春到大寒，节气被分为24个，以便更好地区分每个节气的天气特征。 [学以致用] 单句填空/完成句子 ①Nielsen always felt he should be doing comedy but his good looks and distinguished(distinguish) voice kept him busy in dramatic roles. ②The twins are so alike that no one can distinguish one from the other. ③He distinguished himself by his bravery. ④你应该学会辨别是非。 You should learn to distinguish between right and wrong． 7 surround v．环绕，围绕 Truly this water which surrounded me was but another air heavier than the Earth's atmosphere，but almost as clear. 事实上，我周围的这片水不过是另一种气体，虽然密度比地上的空气大，但清澈程度几乎和地上的空气一样。 [要点突破] ①surround ...with ... 用……包围…… be surrounded by/with ... 被……包围/环绕 surround oneself with ...和……在一起，与……为伍 ②surrounding adj.周围的，周边的 ③surroundings n．(复数)环境 [写作佳句] (2024·全国甲卷)Instead，surround yourself with healthy choices. 相反，你应该选择健康的(食物)。 [学以致用] 单句填空/完成句子 ①I have adjusted myself to the new surroundings(surround) quickly with their help. ②Surrounding(surround) yourself with people who'll provide you with support can be very beneficial. ③Surrounded(surround) by many tall trees and beautiful flowers，our school looks beautiful. ④你最好和说汉语的人在一起来练习说汉语。 You'd better surround yourself with Chinese-speaking people to practice speaking Chinese. 独立主格结构 Captain Nemo walked in front，one of his men following some steps behind. 尼摩船长走在前面，他的一个手下跟在后面几步远的距离。 [情境探究] ①All things considered，we will be much more successful. 所有的情况都考虑进去，我们将会更加成功。 ②It being a fine day，we went out for a picnic last Sunday. 因为天气好，我们上周日出去野餐了。 ③The students were having a discussion，their faces red with excitement. 学生们正在讨论，他们激动得脸都红了。 [要点突破] 独立主格结构 ①构成：名词/代词＋现在分词/过去分词/动词不定式/形容词/副词/介词短语。 ②句法功能：在句中作状语，表示时间、原因、条件、方式、伴随等。 ③特点：独立主格结构的逻辑主语与句子的主语不同。当名词/代词与动词之间是主动关系时，用现在分词形式；当名词/代词与动词之间是被动关系时，用过去分词形式；当表示将来的动作时，用不定式形式。 ④独立主格结构可置于句首或句末，多用逗号将其与句子的其他成分隔开。 在“名词＋介词短语”构成的独立主格结构中，名词前面不用冠词，也不用其他任何修饰成分。 [学以致用] 单句填空/句型转换 ①The man guiding(guide) us ahead，we had no trouble finding the village. ②The boy froze on the spot，eyes widened(widen). ③She left the office，tears in her eyes. ④Weather permitting(permit)，we'll go to visit the Great Wall. ⑤Oliver jumped up and his face was bright red with anger. →His face bright red with anger，Oliver jumped up.(独立主格结构) [课时梯级训练(十九)见P199] 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$